Water Project

By Tanner, Kiki, Ty, and Simon

Background
Before creating our water filter we had to do research first.
We researched how water filters worked and what didn’t. This
helped us because we knew what not to do and what to do
when making our water filter.

How LifeStraws work.

● Force you emit when sucking on the straw

● Water is forced through hollow fibers thus, a
microfiltration device.
● Filters any dirt, bacteria or parasites that are trapped in
the fibers, while the clean water passes through.
Water Filter

We chose to make our own water filter. We used sand, gravel,

charcoal, cotton balls, and a coffee filter. Gravel is used to
filter out large sediments, like leaves or insects, whereas sand
is used to remove fine impurities. The activated charcoal
removes contaminants and impurities through chemical
absorption. The cotton balls prevent impurities from going
through and the coffee filter does the same.

We did not get it perfect on the first try, here are our
prototypes:
 Our goal was to create an easy filter
Our Goal that can be recreated by anyone in
need of clean water to make
Prototypes

We made several different water filters before our final one

and tweaked things along the way. Sometimes the water
wouldn’t filter through, sometimes the water would drip too
slow. Whatever it took to fix it, we did.
Corrections

One main problem with our old design was that it took way
too long for the water to completely filter and end up into the
bottle.

We hypothesized that it was because we put too many cotton

balls so we tweaked our design. We lowered the amount of
cotton balls and tested again. This is what our new design
looks like
Final Design
Our tests

We tested the water after filtering for healthy pH, iron,

chlorine, as well as the hardness of the water
 Hardness of water is determined by
What is hard the amount of minerals in the water
such as calcium and magnesium.
water?
Our water tested to be
very hard which is good to
obtain all natural minerals
needed for a healthy body,
but can be not efficient
when trying to boil.
 Safe pH
Standard pH for drinking water
falls anywhere from 6-8.5, and
after filtering our water tested
for a pH level of 7 which falls
right in the middle of the
standard. If pH is too high or too
low it can have damaging effects
on the body.
 Iron Levels
Iron levels in water tend to not
pose too much of a threat to the
way we absorb water into our
bodies. Standard iron level in
drinking water is from 0 mg - .3
mg. Our water tested for 0 mg of
iron.
 Chlorine
Chlorine kills all the bacteria in
the water, this prevents from
contracting diseases from unfit
water. Our water tested that
there was no chlorine present,
meaning that something would
have to be added to kill the
bacteria
There are different types of chlorine
that can be added to water for safe
drinking:

● sodium hypochlorite solution

(NaOCl) or bleach
● solid calcium hypochlorite
(Ca(OCl)2

We added the sodium hypochlorite

solution to our water of 4 mg per
liter
 Outcome
We tested our water after adding
in the bleach for safe chlorine
levels.
Why is chlorine important?

When chlorine reacts with water, it produces hydrochloric

acid, the most basic chlorine solution and atomic oxygen while
killing most harmful bacteria
 ● Disinfection
In The End, ●
●
Materials (carbon/charcoal)
Efficiency
● Practicality
Thank You!