Group - I (Mains) –Test 1 (English - Explanation)

Section A (3 Marks)

1. Disguised Unemployment
a) Hidden unemployment is a kind of unemployment where some people
seem to be employed but are actually not.
b) An economy demonstrates disguised unemployment when
productivity is low and too many workers are filling too few jobs.
c) This type usually occurs when there is over employment in a
particular work. Even if some are removed, the efficiency of work is
improved rather than getting reduced.
d) Example – Agricultural sector.

2. Dependency Ratio
a) A measure showing the ratio of the number of dependents aged 0 to
14 and over the age of 65 to the total population aged 15 to 64.
b) Dependency Ratio = (Number of dependents / Population aged 15 to
64) x 100%)
c) Gives insight into the amount of people of non-working age compared
to the number of those of working age.

3. Population Growth
a) Birth Rate, Death Rate, Migration

4. Definitions – IMR, MMR, TFR

a) Infant mortality is the death of young children under the age of 1 per
1000 live births
 b) Maternal mortality rate: The number of registered maternal deaths
due to birth- or pregnancy-related complications per 100,000
registered live births.
c) Total fertility rate (TFR) in simple terms refers to total number of
children born or likely to be born to a woman in her life time if she
were subject to the prevailing rate of age-specific fertility in the
population. TFR of about 2.1 children per woman is called
Replacement-level fertility

5. Child Abuse
a) The World Health Organization distinguishes four types of child
maltreatment: physical abuse; sexual abuse; emotional and
psychological abuse; and neglect.

6. Unemployment Rate
a) Unemployment rate - percent of the labor force that is without work.
b) Unemployment rate = (Unemployed Workers / Total labor force) X 100
c) Labor force (also called work force) - total number of people employed
or seeking employment in a country or region
d) labor force constitutes of both employed and unemployed.
e) According to the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) report, the
unemployment rate was at an all-time high of 6.1 percent in 2017-18,
the highest in 45 years.

7. Bharat Nirman
a) Bharat Nirman has been conceived as a business plan for building
infrastructure especially in rural area.
b) It has six components -Water supply, Housing, Rural Telecom
Connectivity, Roads, Rural electrification and Irrigation.
8. Child Labor
a) Indian government classifies child labourers into two groups: Main
workers are those who work 6 months or more per year.
b) And marginal child workers are those who work at any time during
the year but less than 6 months in a year.

9. Child Welfare NGOs

a) Save the Children
b) Bachpan Bachao Andolan
c) Care India
d) Child Rights and You
e) Childline India Foundation
f) Save the Girl Child
g) Disha
h) Smile Foundation
i) Pratham Foundation

10. Adult literacy rate

a) Adult literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15 and above who
can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement
about their everyday life.

11. Eklavya Model School

a) It is a Government of India scheme for model residential school for
Indian tribals (Scheduled Tribes, ST) across India.
b) It was established by the Tribal Ministry, Government of India.
12. Gender inequality Index
a) The Gender Inequality Index (GII) is an index for measurement of
gender disparity that was introduced in the 2010 Human
Development Report 20th anniversary edition by the United Nations
Development Programme (UNDP).
b) According to the UNDP, this index is a composite measure to quantify
the loss of achievement within a country due to gender inequality.
c) It uses three dimensions to measure opportunity cost: reproductive
health, empowerment, and labor market participation
d) reproductive health has two indicators: the Maternal Mortality Ratio
(MMR), the adolescent fertility rate (AFR).
e) empowerment dimension is measured by two indicators: the share of
parliamentary seats held by each sex and higher education
attainment levels
f) labor market dimension is measured by women's participation in the
workforce.

13. Give an account on Khudai Khitmatgars.

a) The volunteer corps also called as ―Red Shirts‖- North-West Frontier
Province
b) Led by Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan also called Frontier Gandhi
c) Originally a social reform movement
d) Started non-violent struggle against British Raj

14. Name the books written by Raja Ram Mohan Roy

a) SamvatKaumudi
b) Percepts of Jesus
c) Gift to Monotheists
d) Vedic Physics
e) GaudiyaVyakaran
f) Brahma Sangit
15. List down the reforms of Lord Ripon
a) Factory Act 1881
b) Repeal of Vernacular Press Act 1882,
c) Financial Decentralization 1882
d) Local self -government 1882
e) Hunter Commission in Education 1882
f) Ilbert Bill Controversy 1883-84
g) Renditions of Mysore

16. Give a short note on „Black Hole Tragedy‟

a) Siraj-ud-Daulah, the Nawab of Bengal
b) Annoyed from Britishers - construction of Fort William at Calcutta
without his permission and misused the trading favors.
c) Nawab captured Calcutta on June 20, 1756 and took 146 English
officers as prisoners and shut them in a small room.
d) Many of them died due to suffocation.
e) This story is narrated by J.H.Holwell.

17. What is meant by „Blue water Policy‟?

a) Francisco-de-Almeida (1505-1509)
b) The firstgovernor for the Portuguese settlements in India.
c) He wanted to makethe portuguese, the masters of Indian Ocean.
d) This policy is knownas the ―Blue Water Policy‖.

18. What is meant by “the Day of Deliverance”? What is its importance?

a) 22, December 1939 - the Day of Deliverance– Mohammad Ali Jinnah
b) Celebrate the resignation of rivals in congress - not consulted before
the decision of India taking part in WW- II
c) Dr.Ambedkar and EVR supported
d) Abul Kalam Azad criticized

19. What were the limitations of the Revolutionary Nationalists?

Government repressions
a) It could not mobilize the masses.
b) They could not function under a central control
 c) They believed in individual heroism.
d) The non-violent movement led by Gandhiji was more popular and
proved more successful.

20. What were the terms of Gandhi- Irwin pact?

a) Gandhi and Irwin made an agreement on 5 March 1931.
b) By this pact Government agreed to release most of the civil
disobedience volunteers, against whom there was no allegation of
violence.
c) The Congress suspended the Civil Disobedience Movement and agreed
to participate in the second Round Table Conference.

21. Write about Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya

a) Born in Allahabad on 1861
b) Founded the Banaras Hindu University (BHU) or the Kashi
Vishvidyalaya in 1915.
c) The founder and editor of the two national weeklies: Hindustan
(Hindi) and the Indian Union (English)
d) He is credited with popularising the slogan Satyamev Jayate, i.e.
Truth alone will win.

22. Why did the Congress oppose the Rowlatt Act?

a) The Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act of 1919
b) INC doubted very nature of the act
c) Britishers to curb the growing nationalist upsurge in the country
d) Not everyone should be punished severely for commission of meagre
political crimes
e) It infringes Habeas Corpus

23. Write a short note on Santhal Rebellion

a) The Santhal Revolt started in the year 1855.
b) Rajmahal hills around Jharkhand
c) Permanent Land Settlement of 1793 was the cause of the Santhal
Revolt.
d) Leaders – Sidhu, Kanhu, Chand and Bhairav
24. Explain the Doctrine of Lapse
a) Policy to expand British territory in India on basis of pro-imperialistic
approach.
b) State must be handed over to British, if they have no heir or ruler.
c) Adoptions of child were not accepted for heir.
d) Policy was not in support to give title and pension to adopted child of
rulers.
e) Adopted heir would inherit only the personal property of the ruler
Ended the title and pension.

25. Statistics
a) The word ―Statistics‖ is derived from Latin word ―Status‖ means
political state.
b) According to Goxton and Cowdin, statistics means collection,
presentation, analysis and interpretation of Numerical Data.

26. Sample
a) A finite subset of statistical Individual in a population is called
sample.
Reason
a) Large survey area
b) When results required in short time
c) When item or unit is destroyed
d) Limited financial resource
e) Less Manpower

27. Histogram
a) It is a bar chart or graph
b) Accurate representation of the distribution of Data
c) It givescontinuous picture

28. Characteristics of a good Questionnaire

 a) No of Questions should be minimum
b) Questions should be in logical order
c) Should be short and simple
d) Yes or No Questions are preferable
e) Wording of the Questions should not hurt
f) Present in attractive manner

29. Significance of Diagrams and graphs

a) Attractive and impressive
b) Simple and intelligible
c) Make comparison
d) Save time
e) Give more Information
f) Great memorizing effect

30. Mode = 3 Median - 2 Mean

= 3 (72) - 2 (78)
= 216 - 156
= 60
Mode = 60

31. Let us take that two number as a, b

a + b = 55
HCF = 5
LCM = 120
a  b = LCM  HCF
a  b = 5  120
11 = ab
a b ab
 = 55
5 120

= 11
120

32. Let us take that Number as N

N = LCM of (10, 12, 15) q + r where q = quotient; r = remainder
LCM of 10, 12, 15 is 60
N = 60q + 5
Let us take q = 1, then N = 65 (it is not 3 digit)
so, take q = 2
N = 125

33. 15 X = 20 Y
100 100
X = 4
Y 3
X: Y = 4: 3

34. 2A = 3B 4B = 5C
A = 3 B = 5
B 2 C 4
A:B = 3:2 B:C = 5:4
Equate B Value
A : B = 15 : 10 B : C = 10 : 8
So A : C = 15 : 8

8 Marks
35. National Family Planning Program
a) Lack of Awareness
b) Lack of Education
c) Lack of healthcare facilities in rural areas
d) Diversified Culture
e) Religious Norms
f) No male member participation
g) Problems to implement delayed marriage, Spacing between births.
h) Sex selective abortion
i) Conditions of rural and tribal population
j) involving community leaders
k) reducing number of children dying before their fifth birthday,

36. Sanitation
a) reducing the burden of disease
b) improving quality of life
c) promoting the safety of women and girls
d) Reducing the IMR and U5MR
e) Better indicator of health
f) open defecation elimination
g) Proper disposal of human wastes
h) Proper use of toilets
i) Better Waste management
j) abolition of manual scavenging
k) promotion of tourism
l) protect the natural resources (such as surface water, groundwater,
soil)
m) provide safety, security and dignity for people
37. Tribal Literacy
a) Geographical location
b) Government apathy towards tribal
c) Poor funding by states
d) Lack of activists in a tribal society
e) Lack of awareness about legal rights
f) Cost of education by private
g) Extreme poverty and unemployment
h) Lack of access to school facilities
i) Poor interest by NGOs
j) Poor interest by Private educational Institutions
k) Lack of awareness about the policies and programs

38. Women empowerment

a) Mindset of society - conservative
b) Patriarchal system – family
c) No decision-making power
d) Lack of education and health
e) Improper property rights
f) Lack of awareness about the legal rights and policies among the
women community
g) Lack of literacy
h) Conditions of Rural, tribal and Minority women
i) Lack of political reservation
j) Lack of safety in Public
k) Poverty, Unemployment
l) Social evils - Child Marriage, Child labor
m) Commodification of women
n) Economical Exploitation
 o) Lack of NGO’s support
p) Poor political support
q) Vulnerable to social media
r) Implementation Gaps

39. What were the causes for the decline of the Portuguese power in
India?
a) Portuguese lost commercial influence
b) Emergence of powerful dynasties in Egypt, Persia and Marathas
c) Policy of Conversion to Christianity
d) Earned notoriety as sea pirates
e) Arrogance and Violence
f) Discovery of Brazil
g) Union of two kingdoms of Spain and Portugal
h) Monopoly of knowledge of sea route to India could not remain a secret
forever
i) Goa lost its importance with the fall of Vijayanagara Empire
j) In 1683, after two naval assaults, the Marathas invaded Goa

40. Write about the Significance of Peasant Revolt.

a) Peasants emerged as the main force in agrarian movements, fighting
directly for their own demands.
b) The demands were centred almost wholly on economic issues.
c) The movements were directed against the immediate enemies of the
peasant—foreign planters and indigenous zamindars and
moneylenders.
d) The struggles were directed towards specific and limited objectives
and redressal of particular grievances.
e) Colonialism was not the target of these movements.
 f) It was not the objective of these movements to end the system of
subordination or exploitation of the peasants.
g) Territorial reach was limited.
h) There was no continuity of struggle or long-term organisation.
i) The peasants developed a strong awareness of their legal rights and
asserted them in and outside the courts.
j) There was a lack of an adequate understanding of colonialism.
k) The 19th-century peasants did not possess a new ideology and a new
social, economic and political programme.
l) These struggles, however militant, occurred within the framework of
the old societal order lacking a positive conception of an alternative
society.

41. Trace the emergence of Indian National Congress

a) Regional Political Parties
b) Development of Western Education
c) Retired English Civil Servant – A O Hume
d) Vernacular Press and literature
e) Rise of Middle class
f) Political and Administrative unification
g) Modern Transport and Communication
h) Policy of Racial discrimination
i) Ilbert Bill controversy
j) Rediscovery of India’s past and cultural nationalism

42. Describe the development of Swadeshi and Boycott movement

a) Began as a reaction to Partition of Bengal which became known in
1903
 b) Formally announced in July 1905 and came into force in October
1905
c) It was a culmination of Divide and Rule policy of British
d) The first objection were voiced by elitist groups
e) The movement was participated by almost all sections of people
f) except peasants
g) Swadeshi movement started in Bengal with boycott of British goods
h) British imposed Carlyle circular on students
i) It is followed by labour unrest, national education and spread of
extremism to other areas outside Bengal
j) Surat split of 1907
k) Emergence of revolutionary terrorism

43. Explain the Quit India Movement and its results.

a) August revolution
Causes – Cripps Mission, Victory of Japan and Bengal Famine
b) On May 1942, Gandhi at Gowalia tank in Bombay gave congressmen
about Quit India movement
c) Jawaharlal Nehru proposed Draft resolution and seconded by Sardar
Vallabhai Patel
d) On August 1942, AICC passed the Quit India Resolution
e) Gandhi gave a popular Slogan of Do or Die on the same day
f) On August 9 all the prominent Congress leaders were arrested under
Operation Thunerbolt
Results:
g) It was made impossible for British to hold India after Second World
War
h) Attempt of negotiations made release of prisoners and unrest due to
mobilisation and unemployment
 i) New prestige to Congress Right and weakening of left
j) Element of spontaneity
k) Initiative of grassroot level political activists and masses
l) Demand for independence made as immediate agenda
m) Muslim participation was minimal and upper class and bureaucracy
remained loyal to British
n) Erosion of loyalty by British Officers
o) Though communist opposed the movement, local leaders participated
p) Common masses showed unparalleled heroism and Militancy

44. How was communal divide in India promoted by the British?

a) Social and Religious Reforms
b) Christian Missionaries
c) Partition of Bengal
d) Muslim League 1906
e) Supression of Madrassas and traditional education system
f) Morley- Minto reforms – Communal electorate – Muslims
g) Khilafat issue
h) Montague – Chelmsford – Sikhs, Europeans and Anglo- Indians
i) 1935 Act – Depressed classes
j) Partition of India

45. Draw a pie diagram for the following data (in hundreds) of house hold
expenditure of a family.
 Item Expenditure Angle of Circle
Food 87 87  360 = 174
180
Clothing 24 24  360 = 48
180
Recreation 11 11  360 = 22
180
Education 13 13  360 = 26
180
Rent 25 25  360 = 50
180
Miscellanous 20 20  360 = 40
180

Pie Diagram
House hold Expenditure of a family

46. Find the standard deviation of the following distribution.

2 2
X f fx xx xx  
f xx 
70 1 70  14 196 196
74 3 222  10 100 300
78 5 390 6 36 180
 82 7 574 2 4 28
86 8 688 2 4 32
90 12 1080 6 36 432
2
f = 36 fx = 3024 
f xx  = 1168
 fx
Arthimetic Mean x =
f

= 3024
36
x = 84

 =
f xx  
f

= 1168
36
= 5.6959
 = 5.7

47. The ratio of income of two person

A and B is 2 : 3
The ratio of Expenditure = 3.5
Each person saves = Rs.500
The difference between the ratio of A in income and Expenditure = 3 - 2
=1
For B = 5 - 3
=2
The difference of A and B is different
Equalate the difference
Convert income ratio as 4 : 6
  A’s Income = 4 x (Wherex is save amount)
= 4  500
= 2000
B’s Income = 6x
= 6  500
= 3000

48. Let us assume that two numbers as X and Y.

X+Y = 216
HCF = 27
 X = 27 a
Y = 27 b
27 a + 27 b = 216
27 (a+b) = 216

a+b = 216
27
a+b = 8
 a, b should be co-prime numbers
a = 1 or 3
b = 7 or 5
Case i) a = 1, b=7
X = 27(1) Y = 27 (7)
The number are 27, 189
(or)
Case ii) a = 3 or b=5
X = 27 (3) Y = 27 (5)
The numbers are 81 and 135
49. Ratio of 3 Coins are
x : 4x : 4x
Sum of its value = 400

 400 = x  4x  4x
2 4
= x + 2x +x
400 = 4x
x = 100
 1 Re. Coin = 100
50 P Coin = 400
25 P Coin = 400

15 Marks

50. NREGA
Pros
a) World’s biggest rural development program
b) Assured employment based on Legal terms
c) Women empowerment
d) Reduces poverty and unemployment
e) Unemployment allowance
f) Protective assets
g) Co-operation with other rural development schemes
h) Promotes financial inclusion
i) Receipts of wages within 15 days
j) Social Audit
k) Solutions to disaster management and climate change vulnerability
l) Empowerment of Gram Sabha
m) Checks on Migration
n) Off seasonal income security
 o) Minimized use of energy and transport
Cons
a) Inflation in rural areas
b) Unprotective assets
c) Implementation Gaps
d) Lack of awareness among the tribal population
e) No focus on Marginalized sections – Disabled and Transgender
f) Delay in Payments
g) Lack of Financial inclusion
h) Lack of manpower for Agri sector

51. Overseas Manpower corporation

The Overseas Manpower Corporation Limited (OMC) was thus
incorporated in 1978. The chief objective being promoting employment of
Indian manpower in foreign countries.
Since incorporation, OMC has widened its scope to
a) Function as recruiting agent of Indian manpower for Employment
abroad.
b) Promote and establish joint industrial ventures abroad-on its own or
on behalf of the Government.
c) Raise necessary financial resources from Indians abroad for projects
in India
d) Promote and takes steps to intensify exports of traditional and non-
traditional items.
e) Sell tickets, on behalf of any or all foreign organizations providing air
travels and transport service.
f) Provide Accident and Health Insurance coverage to Non-Resident
Tamils.
 g) Provide foreign exchange for persons recruited abroad for employment
and for persons for traveling abroad.

OMC Objectives
a) Identifying & Supplying Qualified, Experienced, & Dedicated Human
Resource.
b) To supply manpower to domestic employers.
c) Add to overseas employers in the first point.
d) Obtaining attestation of certificate from the appropriate authorities.
e) Facilitating Training.
f) Arranging Ticketing Facilities.

52. National Policy of Children

a) Focus on survival, health and nutrition; education and development;
protection and participation.
b) Focus on universal Primary education
c) Focus on social media vulnerabilities
d) Focus on Prevention of Child labor, Child sexual abuse, Child
trafficking, Child Prostitution
e) Promoting Child centric NGOs
f) Focus on the prevention of disabilities
g) Focus on Universal Immunization
h) Focus on regulating the Adoptions, Orphan homes etc.
i) Focus on preventing the juvenile crimes
The National Policy for Children, 2013
Recognises that:
a) a child is any person below the age of eighteen years
b) childhood is an integral part of life with a value of its own
 c) children are not a homogenous group and their different needs need
different responses, especially the multi-dimensional vulnerabilities
experienced by children in different circumstances
d) a long term, sustainable, multi-sectoral, integrated and inclusive
approach is necessary for the overall and harmonious development
and protection of children
Reaffirms that:
a) every child is unique and a supremely important national asset
b) special measures and affirmative action are required to diminish or
eliminate conditions that cause discrimination
c) all children have the right to grow in a family environment, in an
atmosphere of happiness, love and understanding
d) families are to be supported by a strong social safety net in caring for
and nurturing their children

53. Role of NGOs

a) Creating awareness about legal rights and property rights
b) Mobilizing funds
c) Help to litigations
d) Sharing technical knowledge
e) Spreading educational literacy
f) Help to recover the bonded labor, forced prostitution
g) Focus on rehabilitation towards victims of rape, acid
h) Formation of Self-Help Groups
i) Intermediary between government and between
j) Checks on Arbitrary executive powers
k) Assistance to Govt for Women Centric Social Welfare schemes
l) Aims for Gender equality
m) Eradication of Poverty, Hunger,
 n) Check on Honor Killings and untouchability
o) Promotes Inter caste marriage
p) Utilization of PIL and RTI
q) Helps to cooperative societies
r) Employment Camps
s) Helps to land reforms

54. Estimate role of Mahatma Gandhi in the Indian Freedom Struggle

a) His nonviolent ways and peaceful methods were the foundation for
gaining independence from the British.
b) ChamparanSatyagraha
c) Ahmedabad Mill Strike
d) Kheda Satyagraha
e) Rowlatt Act
f) Jallianwallabagh Massacre
g) Khilafat movement
h) Non-Cooperation Movement
i) Boycott of Simon Commission
j) Civil Disobedience Movement
k) Individual Satyagraha
l) Quit India
m) Indian Independence

55. Discuss the changes in the political climate of India and the British
attitude towards India after Second World War
Basic strands:
a) Tortuous negotiations resulting in freedom and partition accompanied
by communal violence
b) Sporadic and localized mass action
 c) July 1945, Labour Government came to power in Britain
d) August 1945, Elections to Central and Provincial assemblies
announced
e) September 1945, Announcement of a Constituent assembly after war
Change in government attitude:
a) Change in global power equations- UK no longer a power
b) Labour Government sympathetic to India
c) Tired British soldiers and shattered British economy
d) Anti- imperialist wave throughout Asia
e) Officials feared another congress revolt

a) INA Agitation
b) RIN Mutiny
c) Cabinet Mission Plan
d) Mountbatten Plan
e) Indian Independence Act 1947
f) Partition of India

56. Tabulation
It is the process of summarizing classified or grouped data in the
form of a table so that so that it is easily understood and an investigator
is quickly able to locate the desired information.
Components of a table
1) Table Number and Title :
- Each table should be identified by a Number given at the top.
- It should be short
2) Stub
Self Explanatory heading of rows.
3) Caption
Self Explanatory heading of columns.

4) Body of the Table

Provide numerical information

5) Foot Note
Explanatory Notes to understand them at a labour stage.

6) Source of Data
It may be provided in a foot note at the bottom of the table.
A typical format of table
Table Number
Title of the Table
Caption Total
Stub Body
Total

Foot Note
Source of Data
Advantages of Tabulation
1. It simplifies complex data
2. Easy understood
3. Facilitates comparison
4. It prevents facts in minimum possible space and unnecessary
repetitions and Explanation are avoided.
5. Needed information can be early located.
6. Good for reference
7. Easy to present the information in the form of graph and diagram.
57. The yield of Mangoes were recorded (in kg) are given below. Draw less
than and more than ogive curves. Also find median using ogive curve.

Less than ogive More than ogive

Yield less Yield greater

No of Trees No of Trees
than than
50 10 40 70
60 25 50 60
70 42 60 45
80 56 70 28
90 68 80 14
100 70 90 2
 Median = 66 Kg.