Sahnan, K. Adegbola, S. Tazer, J.P. Watfah, J.Philips,P. 2017. Perianal Abscess. The BMJ.

356(475). P: 1-6
Emmanuel, B. Bhimji, S.S. 2018. Abscess, Perianal. Treasure Island (FL) : StatPearls
Publisihing. Available from : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459167/
Hebra, A. 2018. Anorectal Abscess. Available from :
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/191975-overview#a2
Whiteford, H.M. 2007. Perianal Abscess/Fistula Disease. Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery.
20(2) : 102 – 109
Sjamsuhidajat, R & Jong, D., W. (2010). Buku Ajar Ilmu Bedah (ed.2). Jakarta : EGC
Steele, S. R. Kumar, R. Feingold, D.L. Raferty, J.L. Buie, D.W. 2011. Pratice Parameters for the
Management of Perianal Absces and Fisula-in-Ano. The American Society of Coon and Rectal
Surgeons. 54 : 1465 – 1474.
Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Longo DL, Loscalzo J, et al. 2009. Harrison Manual Kedokteran.
Indonesia:Karisma Publising Group. p. 99-104 15.
Runge MS, Greganti MA. Netter’s Internal Medicine. 2nd ed. Philadelphia USA: Saunders
Elsevier; 2009. p. 644-9 14.
Caterino JM, Kahan S. 2012. Master Plan Kedaruratan Medik. Indonesia: Binarupa Aksara
Publisher.
Guntur, H. A. 2014. Sepsis. Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Ed 6. Jilid III. p: 4108-4113
Leksana E. SIRS, sepsis, keseimbangan asam-basa, shock, dan terapi cairan. Semarang:
SMF/Bagian Anestesi dan Terapi Intensif RSUP Dr. Kariadi/Fak. Kedokteran Universitas
Diponegoro. 2006
Mutaqqin, A. 2008. Asuhan Keperawatan dengan Gangguan Sistem Persarafan. Salemba Medika.
177-179.
Shaw, D. dan Ternent, A.C. 2016. Perioperatif Management of the Ambulatory Anorectal Surgery
Patient. Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery. 29(1) : 7-13
Latief, S, Suryadi, K, Dachlan, M. 2002. Petunjuk Praktis Anestesiologi, Bagian Anestesiologi dan Terapi
Intensif Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia.

Narkhede, Y.D. 2015. Determining Choice of Anesthesia in Anorectal Surgeries. International

Ayurvedic Medical Journal. 3(11) : 2398-2403.
Vogel, D.J. Johnson, K.E. Morris, M.A. Paquette, M.I. Saclarides, J.T. et al. 2016. Clinical
Practice Guideline for the Managementof Anorectal Abscess, Fistula-in-Ano, and Rectovaginal
Fistula. The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeon. 59(12) : 1117-1133
Posangi, I. 2012. Penatalaksanaan Cairan Perioperatif pada Kasus Trauma. Jurnal Biomedik. 4(1)
: 5-12