CHAPTER FOURTEEN CHEMICAL AND PHASE EQULIBRIUMdeel Gas Properties of Hydrogen, Ho + Speciol Note— In several problems of this chapter , ube necessary fo evaluate tht speedpe enthatey 4 hydrogen, Hz) modeled oo an ideal gas, This can be done using date from tne too following ti bles, obtained from tha Same source as Table: A-23, or bg meant of Tnfecachve Thermedynanses s ZT SX. _ Ideal Gas Properties of Hydrogen, Hy TOK), and (AS hamod),§¢kd/kmol-K) 0 ks/Amot] tT ik |e rolk a | 0 0 | 0 0 1440 | 42,808 | 30,835 | 177.410 260 | 7370 | $209 | 126636 igo | 44op1 | 31.786 | 178291 mo | 7687 | sai2 | 12779 tsa | 4sae4 | 3746 | 179153 20 | 7945 | 5617 | 128765 1860 | 4683 | 33713 | 179998 a0 | 233 | $822 | 129775 1600 | 47990 | 34687 | 180820 298 | 468 | 5989 | 130574 1640 | 49,303 | 35,668 | 181.632 300 | 8522 | 6027 | 130.754 1680 | 50,662 | 36684 | 182428 x20 | 9100 | @a40 | 132621 1051987 | 37,646 | 183208 340 | 9680 | 6853 | 134378 1760 | $3279 | 3R6As | 183993 300 | 10262 7268 | 136039 i800 | 58618 | 39,652 | 184728 sw | rose | rote | amneia veo | $5962 | 4096 | assess 400 | 11826 | 8100 | 139.106 isso 57311 | 41,680 | 186.190 40 | 2010 | sis | 140529 1920 | 58,658 | 42708 | 186908 440 | 12594 | 8936 | aL.a8s 1960 | 60031 | 43735 | 187607 460 | 13179 | 9.355) ane? 2000 | 61400 | 4471 | 188.297 490 | 13764 | 9.773 | 14aase 20s | 63419 | 4607s | 189.148 $00 | 14,350. | 10,193 | 145.628 2100 64,847 | 47,386 | 189.979 sa | 14935 | 10611 | 146.795 2180 | 66588 | 48708 | 190.796 $60 | 16107 | 11asi | 1489s 2200 | 68328 | 50037 | 191598 600 | 17.280 | 12201 | 150968 2250 | 70080 | 51,373 | 192.385 640 | 18453 | 13423) 152869 zoo | nye | sas | 193159 680 | 19,630 | 13976 | 154.645 2350 | 73,608 | 54069 | 193921 rao | 20807 | 14921 | 156328 2400 | 75,383 | 55429 | 194669 76 | 21988 | 15669 | 157923 2450 | 77168 | 56798 | 195403 800 | 23171 | 16,520 | 159.440 2500 | 78,960 | 58175 | 196125 840 | 24,359 | 17,375 | 160.891 2550 | 80,755 | $9,554 | 196837 sso | 2s ssi | 18238 | 162277 200 | $2558 | engai | 197539 920 | 26747 | 19098 | 163607 2630 84.386 | 62335 | 198229 960 | 27948 | 19966 | 16488 m0 | a686 | 63737 | 198907 seco | 23s 2089 | I6oile arso | ssone | 6siae | 1995s oso | 30364 | 21717 | 167300 2800 | 89836 | 66558 | 200238 1080 | 31,580 | 22,601 | 168.449 2850 | 91,671 | 67976 | 200885 1120 | 32802 | 25490 | 169.560 2900 93512 | 69401 | 201527 1160 | 34028 24384 | 170636 2930 95386 | 70831 | 202187 120038262 | 25.284 | 171.682 3000 | 97211 | 72268 | 20278 1240 | 36,502 | 26192 | 172.698 3050 | 99,065 | 73,707 | 203.391 1280 | 37.749 | 271106 | 173687 3100 | 100926 | 75152 | 203995 1320 | 39002 | 28027 | 174682 3180 102.793 | 76604 | 204592 1360 40263 28955 | 175593 3200 | 104667 | 78061 | 208181 1400 | 41830 | 29889 | 176510 3250 | 106545 | 79,523 | 208765 4-6Ideal Gas Properties of Hydroge TCR), f and #(Btu/lbmol), 5°(Btu/lbmol-"R) Ut = 0 Btu/tbmot} T h { | hk a 5° 300 2063.5 1467.7 | 27.337 1400 9673.8 6893.6 | 37.883 320 | 21894 | 15839 | 27.742 1500 | 103815 7402.7 | 38.372 Mao | 23172 | 1620 | 26130 tooo | 110523 | 7oisi | 3R830 360 | 26s | In19 | 28301 treo | tisora | saat | 33264 380 | 25778 | 1032 | 28856 taoo | t2s268 | $9522 | 39675 40 | 2702 | 19158 | 29195 1900 | 132509 | 9478 | an067 420 | 2843.7 | 20096 | 29.520 2000 | 13980.1 1008.4 | 40.441 do | 29781 | 204s | 29838 dioo | tans | tosiaa | 40799 40 | 31135 | 22000 | 30133 avo | isases | 110855 | ates a | 32098 | 2962 | 0424 00 | tors9s | 116823 | 447s 500 | 33861 | 23932 | 30.703 2400 | 169506 | 121845 | 41.794 S20 | 35282 | 2406 | 0972 2500 | 7073 | i216 | 42108 537 | 3603 | 2599 | 31,196 200 | 184697 | 133064 | 4240s Sao | 30009 | 25885 | 3120 ro | is2378 | 138760 | 42682 S60 | 37988 | 26867 | 31482 200 | 2ooiis | tasia | 42973 sso | 393rt | 21853. | 3724 2900 | 2071s | 150005 | 49297 00 | 40756 | BAL | 31999 sooo | 215169 | 136193 | asia 62 | 42143 | dest | 3287 soo | 223007 | teats | 43773 640 | 43531 | dosal | 32407 300 | 2sieet | 168093 | acne boo | aas21 | ssid | 32021 soo | 2396s | trata | 4273 60 | ssi | azan7 | 2829 sao | 2am | isos | a4si3 roo | 47702 | 33901 | 33031 sso | 2ss829 | iseine | 44748 m0 | 49098 | S496 | 33226 300 | 263988 | i9ni04 | 44978 m0 | sows | 35192 | 33ai7 noo | 2raiss | ise708 | 45203 rao | sisst | se7ss | 33003 seco | 240428 | 2oW6s | 4sezs 70 | sszr6 | 3786 | 33784 sooo | 2seris | 211262 | 4seae soo | sient | eve | 33961 ooo | 207035 | 217400 | 45849 s20 | seoo7 | 30783 | 34134 sioo | 308398 | 223977 | 460s6 ao | sas | 40782 | 34302 ‘200 | 31708 | 23002 | 46257 seo | sesso | 41780 | 34466 300 | 322235 | 236843 | a6ase s80 | 602s | 42780 | 34627 4400 | 330709 | 2e3331 | 45651 seo | si6s3 | a37R0 | 34784 300 | 330216 | 20582 | a6sae soo | siosi | aarar | 4938 eon | 347757 | 280407 | 49030 S40 | sua | as7R1 | 38087 700 | 356330 | 2e2994 | anais Seo | ssa | aorea | 35235 800 | 364934 | 2os012 | 47396 seo | 67246 | a77ea | 35379 soo | 353569 | 2re261 | 475 sooo | exces | arse | 3850 Sooo | 382233 | 2ene40 | 47708 tioo | 75646 | 3001 | 3688 Stoo | aoosz8 | 2e9649 | 47921 tooo | a2ese | 528 | e798 Sooo | 3996s | 200886 | 48050 1300 | 8968.7 | 6387.1 37.360 $300 | 40840.2 | 303151 | 48.257 14-tiPROBLEM 14-1 KMOUN: The eactven Ge eMala) 4 20 ZF Cog 4 AHeoKy) EIND: Determine the change in Gibbs fmeon AG%at 27° veing te) Gibbs fonction Of formanion datas (6) tnthalpy of formation and absolute entrety data, auauens: AGT Ts given by AGC Feo* > Fuoegy — Temgigy- Fo, o (4) With date from Table 4-25 26% [C294 380) + 2 (+228, 990) — (-50,790) = 260) KB/kme! 5 = 800/770 Kg yal () Using Fa DAE 64.0) becames AG = CAAT ET # ECR TEIgegy = UR-TEKeagiyy = 20-7 De = (Re 2Faogn- Meagine Ha] - Gatien) [82,42 Foe) = FEA] With date from Table A2S OG x [G48 se 4 2 (2241 Bo) = (074, £50) = 20) mbar) ais.tag a(ieera) = ete - 2 (2er.03)) ® : 5 B00, 792 KP kmel ) A. The Wight Gfference fn value Gilevlated verultt frou roundoff we data vaiwes Uieted on Table A2S: PROBLEM 142 EMOWN: The veaeken 6 Qo, 2B Cos 4 OD FIND: Determine loge at 4) TOOK (6) 1B00°R ASEUMP TION: Tdeal gar prinerples apply. ANALYSIS: From Gq.l43/ InKE-AC/ET where 46°: Forth M.-Fey with Bake TE where Re hee ak AGA LTf4 sbleo + 4 LW +4R)o, -C RES Shea} -TLE: 2 Feo) (a) Te 500K With date fo tdaet 520 tettre 6° [ue s20) + 14600- re69] + 4[0 + 4 770~ter2] [eam nd) + err 2864] —svof 22.719 + 4 (220.589) - usagia]} = 22551 Kole whe : able Veluwe! ba ice < eatery feryysmy BP (Ofek 5-25 027 tegaterescas ts) Teige Wook WHR da Fim cent gan totes {fi-ue,ss0y+ (seas - reesa J+ Lostsyie— meng) - (eregneye (ar.na—tnea] = tooo [ 224.421 + 4 (248.471) = 260215] LACES KIT RMe! Then : tue Wie 18S, 683 logieks=10.222, eee tae cea Gavan 14 gilt | 14-1PROBLEM 14.3 KNOWN: The reachien cz CO + M019) = Con any Cp EMD: Determine loguk at 2)2 78K, Cb) IDK, Compare with Table 42% data. ASSUMPTION! Tdeal gas principles ope ly: AMALIE: From Gq. 14.3) In KE = O6*/ET where, 46° Joe Ti- Feo - Troy Ca) BABE | With data from Tobe ADS AG = (-3941:390) + (0) — (-1387)150) - (-228,590) 728640 KI/emo! mr 8,640 In KR 2B C40 loge k= FOB ——__—__ & 14)(aeFas) Table A2% giver logiok for the reacton COrshe BS cos mo(g) as lode ks —s.018 pbc in light of Ee 1a.3q and the Accompanying Mewstion (8 in ayeement wit dhe eatroncjed value, (od (OOO. Wit date fron therdeal gar tabiey © 4e= [ hp +e ]oyt Cr ehdy, = Uy hl eo - Um +2T Jiro) ~ TLSe.s Bye = The - Tey] = [eam sioe aanencneed + Cot tyiey = MOET Coe ston ane-tst] ~[aeyree taree—ateay] ~1o0eL zen bing - 280401 -232.597)] = BOS 23 /kmot Wks Se8t oe loge = OSI (B21) Table A-ae at (000K fre Cot Bco+t.2, LosoK Ties, fr Coamogeco, 4H, logue a O-1S4 ~o.se nis 4. IT can toe used atternabves,PROBLEM 14.4. The reacten ts wo P® hake Fup: Cateulate login k at (a) 28FK , Cb) 3600°R values from Taelea-27 ASSUMPTION: Tdeal gar principle: apply, and compare woth ANALY te From 64.143! Inks ~AG°/RT Where 4¢ Fat d Vor -Fnors) w 4) Ab BABISK y Table AZT date give Bers Ordo) (-228,590)= WHIT RT/EMe! Then (@214)Atasy Tale A-BT gives Logi K 2 40: 048 (e) At 3b00°R = 2000 1K Ww KE 222 Ly) L099 K5-40.05° —__—_—_—_*) AGr= Leet ays 4 Bye Do, ~ 42D moog F - TL eth Rey] “Then, with ‘dont geste ble darn Coating ET) Des [Lo +(eipoo-eeen] + LL0 + (ener! ret) — C24) Feo + (ey s93- 9909] mrevo [ 186.2974 4 (ReRGsT) = 204.871 J = IBS) 558.5 KO /Rme! Then, Wee cISESTET oy Looks 3.SHO ag ® GSO whch Checks fue value from Table 4-27 PROBLEM 14.5 known: Reactonc are We 2 Hh ) Wt ho, Bro ©) aho Z amt O2 Eusd: Utimg Table A2% determine lOgwok at 2500K MWMPTION! “Tdeal gas prinecples apply. eo) ANALY! Fir reaction ta) Table Aaz gives loge -2.024, + Using 4.1494) the accompany Uescussron indicates that for Ftechen() logue Kay = = !090 Keay = 2224, a For reactron Ce) 9 QE" )cey = 20 46%)ia) . Then, with 6G /48/ nasty. RE In Key Er wT or Inkeg = Din Keay RP LOfig Key 2 1Og Keay = “HIE 143PROBLEM 14.6 KNOWN: For intarpeletion Wi Table A-2% 10g KG nearly linear oF logo k= qe G/T Wr Cj and Care constents EImD: (a) Verefg dna sa terpola fim rule by plething legiok ve /T for 2s Te 2wOK. Ce) Evaluate Cup Cr fir ang panef adjacent table enter jn tie te eperaten Satrvel of ca) Avaurss: (4) Fer 60, 27 Cot LOz as an exauple logiok 24 28 | 406-4 44E4 486-4 4IT (T ranging trom 2100 to 2500 k) (b) The linearity of Log.ck vs. WT suggests more aocurate scheme for ivrorpolating iv Talle A-271 than citple (wmear interpolahon | Firct, let us defermike C, amd C2 based ow T2400 Gud T=2500K aul te conespevding log.ok data for CO, sPcor$o. from Tuble h-27 + Teradok: 1.619 = C+ 2/2400 g ws P42 T22500k: -1.440 = C+ G/2500 0.714340 Tua, 109,.K = 4.246 - 14340/~ (adooeTS 2s00k)<——___ Let us use Yrs veauth fo eakimctte log.ok at TE2450K . That is Ve4,.6 = 4.26 - 14240/z450 2-1-5571 For Comgparicon, the value obtain by direct (tear twlerpo labum B -1.5595, which diffeu fromthe” curve Fit value by about 0.15 % . 14-4PROBLEM 14.7 Tue alternative wayt of eupressing tHE ammonra syninent reaction! vewownt: WAM 4 BOOMs 2 Neath Dany FIND: Determine the relawonship between dhe ideal gal equi brivun conttat Ky and Ea ASSUMPTIONEOT UAL gas primerples apply.ceme temperature is To Forthe 4wo reactant the corresponding IG expressions are Awaurst Gey 2 Thus - 4 Fea> BG Gerla. 23by - Ta-aFie Thetis, Beas ree uv a Using Gq. 14.21 In Key = - Ce6deo a T Ww Kays - Ca6)@ a) ao Taserting GHC) inte G40) and veens €4.@) InKays = 00d Jen er 2 2 kay => Kays ko 45PROBLEM 14.8 BOON: Reactions ore apeufred at 1. Cot UO @ fa + Og 2. 200, <> 2CO 4 Op 2 tho D> ame, Fmd: Show that the equilibrium conttant are velated bg tHe expression Ky > Cea) AStUMPTIONST Wea! gas principles apply, |) The temperature (2 7 puma esig: Usiny Gp. UHR! ERE eper /rhriom tothe daree reachons have the forme . in kys G20 tw es CBSO) be kya COST + ar! aT Constante corresponding where Ger )unt Thre Fe - For Tino ° ge w ea)» THe + For- 29m Qe): 2B Fa- 2Fhe From Gys() ot follows thet Bern: 4LSe)a - Cea] Accordingly Gow 4 L cad — (eth) m= at at - wks A Cine - Inte] Ray rn = be << Me \4-6PROBLEM 144 kuown: Reactrons are spect h Copeth 2 coe HO 2 Co, B cork 2 the td Oe EID: (A) Shaw thet Kye Kea Ip. Col Use 1Se FesUlt from part (4) and data from Table ADF evatvate lofie Ky at 24FK. co Check the rent of Part (by viing Bq l4.81 tegethar wet OF date from Table 25 ASSUMPTIONE: (1 Tdeel gat Prinerples apply: (2) The temperature it T. Awaursit: Ui) Fir there reachions the respective 4G° expressions are s\n Bot Fag Ban Fhe Gea: Ford FB. - Foon (Edn: Fino Fo, — Tay sos Beh) = Gora - (46% Ae »_ Ger Gey _[ aety _ (260 Ce, te ato oa With Eq. 1431 ee a a lw fo) From parte? logutes lege Ke = loge Ke woke veut frou The ABest eK far peaches Bands loge Kye (245.066) ~ (40.048) © S01B | ) (With BE date from Table £95) ) = (-3a4,3H0) — C0) CBe@Jay 2 C1371180) + 228,540 5 2H eHo Kal emel caw Wks = a Bisse ? loge j= = 5.018 <—) AzPROBLEM 14.40 At 2000K Known: (C+ 40, VCO , 1OgwWK, = 74049 cert SR Che, gi Ke = 3.406 FIND: Evaluate K at 2000K Son we eee. x8 @ Sig hog eHat co (AC 3 Fit F fo- Fone Tine) ASEUMPTINT : The principles of See. [43 apply. ASALTES! Fer (1), (2) oy ee) = Teo- Fe-4 Fo OY — (Oe ars Fue - Fe - ZF Also, fer the follow peach on Table A-2F Sve? (4) Hae Ha +202) !OGio KEE - 3-54 and for C4) 4 6%) = Fst FZo- The Subteectng (2) frm ay GBC Jey — @%ay= Tort For — Fenet 2h addin, : a ee a> G6%Yy +O Seay = Jott Gus — Fever Giro = AGi) Accor braty = oey _ 284 ade) Ast agin as se ee => dn ka = tak) eh seen tos - lope Ka = (040 Ki, > Broke + Regio let 3.402) + (-3-S¥) = 7-337 = = 746A - 7 A kes 273 x/0 14-8PROBLEM 14.1 Known (a) One Ener N2Oq dissoccates to form an eguil brim weugtare of N0q and NO2 at 25262. Fae bz 0e 2 2, OG6°= Stove Unwel at 25°C ” ) Omakmet oy CHg dissociates GB ofern A Sau librron mutate a tose Sam Fir CHBMa ge CHa, [O90 C= h01l 2D! Tn each be detrnune Hee equ Brivis compoi fin ASSUMPTION: Thast 5a8 hurts princples app! APACHE: CA) Applying Cmtervatien of wats | M204 Cie) Hoge Y NOR Bp N24 ge 2, or fe amet fb Og patent the mature YE2K wmaaex is Tha fobtinom ber of Wooler of Wunhens, ee rec ans Mequlibriin Hac? 2NOL, Fe Ep (EES dake Hee form k> (2 V [ts ut ye tax atvit* . _axt Gre Te¥e cy Using €4. 14:31 and the known 26° value wks ~ $400 Ganon 7K O.1322 Combining E4801) ane) @) aay = Ose int > gusazets Ost = Ks ok ce Frostings tne equuclibriom miemre cr LO FER p04) 0.2% Magy 9) () Mass balancer LH g CDK) 6 Ag 2K HE TES where me bed 5. Them Epidas candt for Cre CHG a a2 Ke Ciex) tlt) 2 Gee) (<= oa ~ ceyan® Litee or ceed ( ee he Ieguotc = 0H * asease (SE) SE)" an aquchar solver of iteration with = ren Varehaye oo hand calentetry Xz 0.1OBZ , and He f oegz C44, 0.217 Hay owrecey 14-4PROBLEM 1412, mown la) One lbmot o. #20 duscoca ter te form an equslbrrum He, Hi, ©, at S200°R) Larete. eS ae eee Ge) One loner g Co, dLissouates te form an equilibrim hunter % C01, CO, Or at S20°R, |. Late. FIND: For ecm Cate determine toe extent ty wlecn dicsoer ; hon eccun AUP TION: Teal 56 uughure principles App! + (ODF Oy Com) Hot yi t x Oy Hr 2s are) aay D yey O: ls Weeleaa Dae Khe eat THe} Ue) Ho + x Hat K4 Og Where 1% Sa tne a meunt of MAO y fn kmOl, pretend im the mreture, Sete Metre eet ete The amet of AE eqerichs vm MOD Hath Oy. Accerdengly, Bq. (43S takes the form, 4 P/pot 747! : xn et Ke fear] (est) » (NY mR on , n ee BSG) (4) ab @ At S200°Rs Table AZF Givds fir How Hrs O, loSeKF WU-S13U or k= 0.020682, Tans, THI) leenomen ute Piprep = 20 ay x , Sp tssawd4 = QL) (ex) ting on equehm solver ortration witha herd caleatatw, ¥= 0108. Thay tr Shtent 4 dissociation co 0-342, — (») Copy UK) Cr 44 CO + BOR CL LeU) ay ap yx Oy 22 Ui) Vy ate Zeke shee Cory UC ey CO + HO Where NE fe ANC amount Of COL yin Emel, Reeient Pm the mere. The number of mole of miviure fe Re GMDATE = GHO/E At equclibrrum, CO, SP CO44 Cn. Accordingly 9. IIT Haber the form ceatsg*Y tae wel U-¥T = Ey BO” Cm ay EIEN) At St00%8 Tobtid TF ginny for Con COMM, LOPES =~ O-CEBTE . Thee 6. C1) o a.epanw® = (AY (2). Using an equation Solver or i tration With a hand Calculaty, X20.336. The extent | dittocahim ig 0-64, (bh) 1 VoygK & s6 ined form Table A-D% Using Whear ta teepolahon, Awash valy Pa interpelabin Proce 4 Pawoblem 14.6 Can be used a 14-10PROBLEM (4.13 KWON! One Ubmel of C reacts with Aime! of 0, ty form an ey orlibsum mire, Af Cor, CO, and Oa af 5400 °R, late . Esd: Determine ane epeilibrram composition. ASSUMPTION: The equilibrium mixture it modeled ar an ideal gar mixture, AR ALESIS: The ceacten takes the forme Ct 20, 2 COsy Cope ry Baunerng i la key ap gare . eho Bt O: Aes Byaak aap SRT ALOHA BR ay Zs HE = BEe ae ca on my x CO UH) IED Og ne xe cies (it Ss Ged/g ricagly 1 BY: 1485 tees the form menghere yin tome, M eqeilibrium Ox B Co+kOg« 46 ke = Cede) el et Tix] aN thos ayy ¥ | ate At ShooeR , Table ADF gives logue Kz -0.48S > K= 0.22734, Thus th +x owas Lae] Rens Hwation witha hand calenlator, x2 0.309. aqoohinn solver or ibvation Using a Tree aquilsnivin muchas {0.309 Co, 0.691 Cor, LIS4S 0, AtPROBLEM 14,/4 KNOWN — Thane cater O7€ provided inveluing the format FWD. Provide informabin about Hoe Og uilebrivin huhu Assmorons? Tdaetgae wixhre principles UNL» According ly, Eo. 2F tet the form, Gxt (Peg Po tee [ee Ks 48° (thy) Txt At Kdegends on T whren fs af in both cater, Kye Ka or 2 4 aa £) ee L og thee 1 demater the Cate Ps late and 2 denoter the cate Bao.e, Thu 2 osns =x Fromtne given information, InK,F OFIEY SD Ky 2 OUEL. Accordingly 0:670559 . Solving tun quadrabe epuctin, Xe.20.2S6%, on TH amomt eh Mog present is then 0:743% kmoles. + a) Ge) Hemet NO, foment OF, do cmeLNa atest & form dn 2 os lors vin meee Hk AVM, HO, Or ot Sove, Olatm: Thgrbotder BZ Nor Fite Me dermis BAe ap elie rum Cuanhare compesihin. Thraschara dacer: hed by 190 +10 0, 4 40m, Sy (ex) MO + x MO2 + (0-O8x) OV + PONY Whee ne SlnoSy . Eqvahm Itar takes te form ree te x P/ ta eyes Ge) Creme. Sx Te (4 se = FL v Te vale f Kab givin oe (20. Se w Ws f) (a) 5 37.0478 (5 )(SESEEL)™ ng an envi sven onibtin With a hed Colcatate, ¥20.943. Me mpuilibrions maxtor La f 0-057N0, 0.947 NOx , aw Ory 40h} Fade ey sis, Ma hae a ws hert Th ba alee dissented ; (Mere caokunes Cocthen Itt d Wwoute lor eppived. 14-12PROBLEM 14.14 C Contnued) C) An epimeur minha | On wala seach t frm an equi brine Mantes 4 Or, be, wor Plot te mele feachmy MO vertucT ramping fae 1200 rook Te ranchon te descr bed b Phat 60, > 2m NOw CleK) Ry & Cire) Or The Ameunt 4 Muxhare uo n= 2x +Cl-x)4Cl-x) =2- That, Hes wate fraction of, NO in the epuilslorivm wumbure is Yuo= 2% 2 & Zz Fan buy eden 2 ND) Gp tehm 16a HEE Fe forme 2% | Pleo _ 2K Ks comaernn ( = ane Lace he deren (Rte) drops out He evatuehen sinea RLS O Selvin ‘4 ea ark Sample calusation,: T1200 k. PromTable 4-21, lig = - 3.275 2 k = 0.0005309 and X= 2.654xt0, 4% To oblain data for tre vequived plot, use IT, od follows ‘Code 200 1 K atm (T Results T(K) K x 1200 .0005309 0.002654 1300 001015 0.005073 1400 001941 0.009695 1500 003155 0.001575 1600 005129 0.002558 1700 007656 ~—0.003813 1800 01091 0.005428 1900-01503 0.007460 2000 02000 0.009900 11 For the reaction 1/2 N2 + 1/2 02 K = (yNO / (yN2 * yO2)*0.5) * (p/pref)"0 1/ Data from Table 4-27 are stored in EQNO.LUT. 100 log(K) = LOOKUPVAL(EQNO, 1,T,3) 80 ote Yiot at T=R0ok , very little No <* is formed usoroa at T=2000K, "i ou of the Wa han combined with oxygen x 4“ 4o form No, 20 | o + 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 TK) 14-13PROBLEM [4.15 KMowN:! One Kmol of Co dictocates fe forman equilibrium maxis Of [Cor co, OF ot Tp FIND: ©) Re T=] FO00K , Plot tre aunt 4 CO paseent jth Ruret, Venue pacure for 1S PS [0 atu, We) fir ps late, plot tee Aveunt 4 CO prstent,o Rut, vertus tempersture fer tims Ts 3500K ASWUMPTION: The idee? gar Woh? applies AVALTSS: The reaction teker Hee fora VCO, x Cot (Kea t FO Tha, eueunt A ueehee GoW Retin) Es eR Ak eqihhrum Co, BCOthLO , so 41 ithe ae Me ke ZOADAL Beret > 4 [ea] (rg) w o I-¥ te (a) Te 30Cok . Table A247 give logok=-O.48T or Kz0.32734. Then E41) ecomaae x fx 7%, onret ale] Crlegy™ Seluing and plothg we get eCatm\ 1.000 2.000 3.000 4.000 5.000 6.000 7.000 8.000 9.000 10.000 2 xR 8 q reo (kro!) P (atm) Tint, at fixed empere hase Hee Omrownt CO tn tee tpus lions ven mmiviuce decreases aa Pumtare tmerenete, aitPROBLEM 14,15 (Cont'd) a. (b) petedn. Bg. becomes Ls | =k. Semple coleuledvene. From Table A-27 at T= 000K , log, K =-0.485. thus k = 0.37134, Solving, x= 0.4362. The data for the vequired plot are oblained using IT, as fellows : ITCode ITResults T(K) Nico (kmol) 2000 0.01494 2100 0.02824 2200 0.04048 2300 0.06207 2400 0.09116 2500 0.1287 2600 0.1754 yCO = nCO / ntot 0.2309 Yeo2 = nCO2 / tt 2200 0.2648 yO2 = n02 /ntot 2900 0.3638 pref= 1 i/ atm 3000 0.4362 3100 0.5084 K = ((yCO * yO20.5) / yCO2) * (p/ prefy*0.8 3200 0.5775 1 Data from Table A-27.are stored in 3300 «Osat8 EQCO2A.LUT, 3400 0.6983 log(k) = LOOKUPVAL(EQCO2A,1,7,3) 3500 (0.7480 Pot: os o7 7 / 06 / When pressure is held constaut, = 08 JS fhe amount of Co preseut at 2 ual equilibrium tn creases great 4 with T over the range of Values 8 03 tw Wis problem . 02 o1 | he 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 3600 THK) LEG.) comes written oo 7 7 2 “7, -2(4]z=0 ee GNA) te LA) od ax a Tham root qtr cuere equahmd ’ nat aQre rtrd] 4 Leertiery@] 7 ake eS 4-15PROBLEM 14.16 Kmown: t lbmet f Hao dicsowater to form an eqush brivis muxpure, of Hae, Ha, Ox at TP FIND: Ge) Fe Ts S4O0R ) plot 4s ameuat | Ha parent inte mann Venus presture fre 1S PE LOR aS Go) Far pe late ) plot tee aueunt fi Ha pesasat vertur Teuperntuny Hoo T= b800%R. ASSUMPTION: Zdaet gar Princ ples “poly Avacysis: Th pectron tekes th form 1 Heo > U-«x) #204 KHat AOL The ern t dy) Meehan Ba UK) ene, = Gee At aquilibrive Hro ZF Hit hoa . Thr ty (far tekes te form 2 o ke sep amey GR)LRT Ema 9 Table A-2F quote logue = (343, Kz O04589. Se x 0.64539 ite Cela Solurny and yblhng o2 048 Platm) ma (Ibmol) 1 0.1476 = 2 0.1192 2 os 3 0.1050 a 4 0.09582 g — 5 0.08938 6 0.08435, 0.08 7 0.08031 8 0.07698 9 0.07411 0 10 0.07165 1°23 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 P (atm) That, a fived temeyatra tere the amount He wt tet 2 ih Brive parehece decresens on pressure incveates, Ko See note t {tts roluhon te pusvlem 14.15 14-16PROBLEM ») Sam Solving X= O.NSTL. (4.16 C Contnued) Torti Equahen Gi) tates th torn > xP xz7*% Sma ow. From Table A-27 at S400°R, log, k =~1.343 > K20.09534, The dota for the requived plot are ob-mined using IT, as follans: IT Code TER) 3600 3750 3900 4050 4200 4350 4500 4850 4800 4950 5100 5250 5400 5550 5700 5850 6000 6150 6300 WH20 <> (1-x) H20 +x H2 + x/2 02 nH2¢ 11 Forthe reaction H20 <> H2 + 1/2 02 K = ((yH2 * yO2"0.5) / yH20) * (pipref)*0.5 MData from Table 4-24 are stored in EQH20.LUT. log(k) = LOOKUPVAL(EQH20.2,7,3) K Myo (Ibmol) Plot: 0.000284 0.005485 oy 0.0005258 0.008174 0.0009183 0.01183 0.001332 0.01514 / 0.002056 0.02016 Wo 0.003922 0.03084 g / 0.005970 0.04061 E 0.008814 0.05232 = 02 0.01272 0.08620 f 0.01787 0.08271 0.02491 0.1017 ma 0.03391 0.1233 : 0.04539 0.1476 7 0.05961 0.1740 —_ 0.07733 (0.2030 ° 0.09897 0.2341 3600 4000 4400 4800 5200 5600 6000 6400 0.1251 0.2671 en 0.1566 0.3018 0.1941 0.3380 Teas, at fied pe sture TOL amon He pu rat Hee ey Uclvier Um Me Hare Mn Creates we Hipereheet evens:PROBLEM KROwA: IK 17 1 lomel of HrO plus x Vowel of Ra forme a4 equilibrivus wanture af S400 and later consisting ef 420) Hr, Or and No Plot The auownt 4 Ha present Inthe nuxture verrus x, OS? AWRALTSIS: Fr thea AL MS: CD Tank gas principles apply. G) Na ir inert, The seach on UHa6t x By BCH AH0 4 OH, +4 Or Hx ME The ements Gb hela tae eee K = I+ Sex K= FEO, 4.18 aT takes tee fora. thet SUAI [Beet 7” ana [J" “Celg)” mo lees From Te A-2% at Sore) Asguok = 3343, £20: O87. Fe ws Sires] = 0045389 Ie I+ Sen Sowing ana ples ng, 5 “ 025 02 o1s | 0.800 | 0.174 on 0.900 | 0.177 4.000 | 0.180 4.100 | 0.182 008 1.200 0.185 1,300 0.187 i) 1.400 0.189 ° os id a 2 1.500 0.191 x 1.600 | 0.193 1.700 | 0.195 Tint, Ab S400 lame th amount of, He 4.800 | 0.197 Hae my copume Mum bare et enteete otek 1.900 0.199 on He inert 2 increodae 2.000 | 0.201 comcenk of ert Be ine 1418PROBLEMA 14.18 wapion, An equimolar mugture of CO and 0, reacts # form an eguil: brim wat tare Con, CO/erdO, at TOOK git pucrure p FIND: — Deternun® the effet of Prssrure onthe Comportion 4 The muxlure The eqeitibrivm wieture ts wedeled as an ideal gat uiyhre- AWALESIS? The veac Co+O, > x Co, + CO +80, Batanesny om taker the forms ch Leet ey wax Or Be mee Cuxra2g , Prt-w = Re Cot Oy se x CO 4 IK) CO (OE) Tae 4 is cya (OE) eee Le amount of muvmre ie naxetenys (WOE) 2 aE SR At equilibrium Cy EP COLO, « Accordegty 89. 14:10 tates He forum st Cage] etek ae — OL = ks etied” Ad OOK ) THA A-27 gives 09 08 o7 os os 04 os | 02 on ° ° 1 2 3 4 5 P (atm) From the. plot we conclude frat the amount of CO, preseut at eqsril ibriiom decvease os pressure decreases at T=3000K. 1449PROBLEM 1419 Kuownl! An equimelar mixmre ef CO and H10(g) reacts to form an mietre ef COa, Co, HO ,and ty a? 2ESOK) later. FIND: Determine whesher the amount of Ha formed increater om decreases at fumperatere decreases, Alto dettrnme tas aflect of pressure onthe amomt af Ha formed, ASSUMPTION! The equilibriem mir here it modeled at am ideal ga5 Wir hare, AWALTES. The teactron taker the form Cot H20 > K COR + PHOT TCO TK He Cota ae OTROS O: 2s BAvAtd hi 2s BRAK me prix Fieetlg, SER, Teton, Belew. Thar con te ex Cone (inmost CIR COE ML Tre meen of miehre fe na Ra GeRD Ce) ex 2 At aquiibrivm Cy + Ha ZB COA MO. Acearding ly, 64. (420 Haken the fer teen ke gate te or 2 2 - @&y Tas ey i Soiveny 69-00 \ xe a) ie Observe thet pressure drops ont of the final ex pressvon. Accordingly, presture Lat ho effect on Fhe amount of He formed <0) Referring te Taele A-2F at 2000K, lofick S 0-656 By Ko 4.52078, muereat at (WOOK logekes 0-619 A AISA] - Tt Gllews Fron €4:02), therefore, that x inereater ay F decveates a) 14-20PROBLEM 14.20 KNOWNS Nie perwnt of Ma dissociates nto H at prloete, 7 Emat — Delermme Ty ASGUMPTIONT The eg urlibrivar muigtare 11 modeled oF an ideat gat AwALKS; The feechen 6 TH > ateed whee 4 0.91, Then He ze 20.91) + > BOOB se be Oat Hae Oe H The oweust of yuntee Gon Ol #008 = Log Ad epelebron Hy AH, SEG (AIT trees te form wtf 17 uel [3] = 0.3266 (0.41) @ Teen loge = -0, 486 Tatepelstay uc Thot A-2% 7. 3468K +—— Consider the care 10% dissecdahim: Ma 97 04H, + O24 Then Ps o.s0t > logek=-0.804 27 T754HK Beg inspec 4 Tote 27) T mereaset oo fea percentngs Hi di'ssoctat mereases (4:0) Oe fue Anwune 4 Hy We Oi errom wghure decrertes). Umar inte plhm @ oud Were. Albynehwaly, fos operon 1 Preldem Ib Can be invoked. 14-21PROELEM 14.21 KOU 2emet of Co, disscctate teform an eq il ibrivun Wag Hane OF COx, CO ort Op im Elen (1B Kal a present ob Hepera tone T ave pusssure pe EMD: Plot T vernu p fer ore PS lo ate. Astomonionl: THe epvilsbeiim wivdure it modeled at am ‘eal gar wun pure ABALYSIS: The reaction tates the form 2 C0, > 1.BCAe KR OF LO Cl 22484 a BD KE OD Oo: 4: Gem tortag s fzor Ther 2 1.8 C0, + O.2CO4 OF Oy The ameent ef mnchire Hone Qt Al equlibrivm C21 BCO+A Op. Accordingly, Eq [HIF tater the fru ‘ he k= Coriteid T ltt '* a) ee aay Sample caleulakins . T=2400 K . Fromfables-27, bog k= 1.614 > kK =0.02094. Soving for p, with Prep 2! a p ze re voronayc ie r =(Z4) Bererwycs)) + 01454 aby The dala for Hre required plot are oblained using (T, a5 follows: IT Results K T(K) p(atm) 0.01714 = 236708 0.02425 2427 1.0 0.02970 2463 1.5 2 ne02- 00012 sez 240020 COZ +.2+0.1 0.03834 251125 0.04200 © 2529 3.0 0.04536 ©2544 3.5, 0.04869 ©2557 4.0 0.05143 2568 4.5 0.05422 ©2579 «5.0 . 0.05686 «= 258855 11 For the reaction CO2 <>CO + 1/202 DOs coro k= (900 yorns)/ 560d (9! eNO ial tom table 21a stored n EQGORALUT costes 280585 iogh = LOOKUPVAL(EGCOBR 3) goseis 281370 2700 0.06858 ©2627 8.0 0.07089 263485 0.07274 ©2640 «9.0 cee — 0.07473 2645 9.5 — 0.07687 2651 10.0 1 2002 > 1,8.C02+.2CO+0.102 nco2= 1.8 2500 TH 2400 For fixed composition, temperature tnoveases as pressure increases. 2300 2200 14-22,PROBLEM 14.22. Kwown: One emol A Hao) dissociates to form an 24 Mi brioum may Hee Of 2005), Ha jet Ou te wl tee aren abe Vere prtetat ae emnet at Heapbrale T Cont par rane Po Frep: Plot T versw p fre tsp SlOahe. ASfuMP TION! Tre equilibrcum uivdure if wodeled at an deal gaz merhve. Awacvsis: The teachin tater the form To 0.85 Mot Ket BOL HH: De bee DM 1 KE COT oO: ts Oara ya, £20.02 Ther CLO 0.45 Hoe C.F Mt O.0zr OL The amend of mittare ff 102 T Knol. At eperlibrm Ho Z> Hi+4 0, . Accordingly , 65. (637 tater tht fora k= Gos dooer]® [24] fete or cere Jomple colulahon. T=2600 K. From Table 4-27, 1eg,,K * -2.038 > k= 00091622, Solving for ps uth prep 71 ahm = [1e025 \{ (0.00916229 (045) P= ( 225) | coo = 1.242 alm Thedata for the veguired plot are obtained using IT, as follows: Icode ITResults p=t iam TK) K_ platm 2568 0.00822 1.0 M1 H20 > 0.95 H20 + (1 - 0.95) H2 + ((1 - 0.98) /2) 02 2613 0.01007 15 nH20 = 0.95 2648 0.01162 2.0 = nH20 2672 0.01300 2.5 = nH#20) /2 2693 0.01424 3.0 nfot = 0.95 + (1 - 0.95) + (1 -0.95)2 2711 0.01538 «38 yH20 = nH20 / ntot 2728 0.01644 4.0 H2/ntot 2743 0.01744 45 102 / ntot 2756 0.01838 5.0 1 Mat 2767 © 0.01928 8.5 2778 0.02013 6.0 1 For the reaction H20 <> H2 + 1/2 02 2788 0.02008 «6.5 K.= ((yH2 * yO2"0.5) / yH20) *(p / pref/r0.5 2797 0.02175 7.0 ‘Pata from Table A-27 are stored in EQH20.LUT. 2808 0.02251 7.8 log(k) = LOOKUPVAL(EQH20,1,T,3) 2815 0.02325 80 2823 0.02306 8.5 2000 2831 (0.02466 9.0 2838 0.025339. 2845 0.02509 10.0 2800 - Z 2700 for Fixed composition, temperahure r tucreases as pressure creases 2600 2500 P (atm) 19-23PROBLEM 14.27 Ewow A vessel inthath Contriueny (Kunal of Hao) One x emery Ma forme ma equil bri mug hen at lat nk Rp ee 7 Comserby ef thon), Hy Ma ee OT Kung HOS) Eto: Plot x veritas Tofn Bs Te 7500 Ik. ASIUMPLEONS! (1) The equilibrium mintre Ot medeled as am ideal gar Migteres (2) Ma is inert AWALTES! The reaction takes the form U H,0q)+ x By > os MOIg)s H+ Bree ME Hore OM ere D FOOT Or bearer ge D 62 OW Tat Moc l+e ML > o-sehpcg) 4 OTM OFA tw Me yee ameent of minhere fp na Order4 OEE = (ATER Moequclibrrum Hho 2 met Ox» Accordingly Eq [437 tater the form ke lester) | i (tesy" Tagen 0.5} Since Peet ts os reduces to oes Se amt > > = [f Kats 123] Sample calanlation.. From Table 4-27 of T= 3000 K, 10g,,K=-1.343 => K+ 0.04534, Thus X= 120,07. | . The data for the veanuivedt plobare oblarned using IT, aa follows : ITCode IT Results p=1 flatm T(K) K x (kmol of Nz) T= 3000 /K 3000 0.04539 120.1 3050 0.05348 (86.24 W 20 | +xN2 — 0.5 H20 + alpha H2 + beta O2 + x N2 3100 0.06295 61.84 3150 0.07345 45.09 3200 0.08570 32.79 3250 0.09897 24.27 3300 0.1143 1789 3350 0.1309 13:34 ntot = 0.5 + alpha + beta + x 3400 0.1500 9.866 yH20 = nH20 / ntot 3450 0.1708 = 7.338 H2/ntot O2Intot 120 1 aim \ 4100 1 For the reaction H20 <> H2 + 1/202 K = ((yH2* yO20.5) / yH20) * (p/ prefy"0.5 S wo 11 Data from Table A-2are stored inEQH2O.LUT. log(k) = LOOKUPVAL(EQH20, 1,T,3) 2 60 For Gived wonposition in owas of Ho, * 40 Us, Aud On, tht amout oC nertNe Pa required decnacsed as the feupernbure theveases of fixed pressure. ° 3000 3100 3200 3300 3400 3500 TK) 14-24PROBLEM 14.24 Kenmown: A vessel inthally contmint 2ibmol q Nz and | lomol § O2- An Cquiblerivm vue teare of Na, Or aa NO forms ot latu, T. E/ND: Plot the amount of NO fermed versus Tr ASSUMOTION? “Tha ‘deat Sac modes avplies, ARALTSIE:D “The feachen taker the form 2.410, > x Net yO, + 2NO No 42 2K+2 422K 0: bs BytR Sy te 2y 404-24) Dye ns Ab aqulibriven Loe LB, NO. Accor dsryly ke (4-x] [ss Bex) et Geext bo J] FM Tae This expression is a quadvalic equatirs Hat con be soled analytically for x function of KCT). Then, x came caleulahed for given values ay ae dake for tecr) from Talele A- using ras Follows: Mtevwohively, date for fue wequared ¢letare, oblarined T results HGode TCR) Kyo (tbmol 1 sratm 3600 0.02000 0.02799 T= 5400 /°R 3800 0.02663. 0.03713 4000 0.03441 (0.04779 M2N2+4 02 ===> xN2+(K- 1) 0242" (2-*) NO 4200 0.04342 0.06002 N2 = x 4400 0.05366 0.07379 nO2=x-1 4600 0.06510 0.08898 nNO =2*(2-x) 4800 0.07774 0.1056 nlot = x+ &- 1) +2" 2-x) 5000 0.09146 (0.1233. yN2 = nN2 / not 5200 0.1083 (0.1423, yO2 = nO2/ntot 5400 0.1222 (0.1622 YNO = nNO / ntot 5600 0.1388«(0.1828 pref=1 //atm 5800 0.1566 (0.2044 6000 0.1750 0.2264 1 Forthe reaction 1/2 N2 + 1/2. 02 NO 6200 0.1942 0.2489 K = (yNO/ (yN2"0.5 * yO2"0.5)) * (p/ pre*o 1 Data from Table A-27 are stored in EQNO.LUT. log(k) = LOOKUPVAL(EQNO,2,7,3) 03 = 02 . i As teugerature increases at Hxed & sure the Amont of NO tu Hie 2 equilibrium Miodure increases. os 0 3600 4000 4400 4800 5200. 5600 6000 6400 TER)PROBLEM 14.25— KB OWN: A vestel SacWaily condararng | Kemal of CO mad 476 Kmelt of dry arr formt an equilibrium wuvbore of C02, 60, O2,and Wa af 700K, latin: ED; Determine fe €or LbrOm Comporrhen. ASSUMPTIONS: The ewil PrimndshPs modeled at an deal gas lunvive, (t) THE Ba is “inert AWALISIS: ThE fencton tater the form 1 COF 10g 43.70 Ba HCO, 4 CO + TOE TOME reat B % Bate ©: te anaeart > 3 xeon arp eS Te (Cod Ope RTM, ye mK eo, 4 (InN) CO # (IME) Op # FTE The ment of miviere ie mala Com) # (t= 8) 42-762 SxS At equlibrivm Cop Z> Co +/hor, Accerdiegly 6p MIP tater Hhe form = Cem CASK] Petat a Me MDE Bd Ta ee aU From Table 2% ot 2000, [90 KE ~0.48 A K=0-32784 . That aap ackah esants 'S8CRI Using an equation solver or iHrahon witha hand calenlater, d= 0.528, The 2quilbbrivin compos Hom a 10.528 Co, 0.472 CO, 0.72602, 3.76N2 + PROGLEM 1426 Keown: A vessel cuitvally comtaineny Uemel On, 2 mel Bg, temel AP forms Om eqilileriom wixnre of On, Me, NO, andar at foedK, late: EMD: Determine the evil briom comper'tion, ASSUMBTIONS: (1) The eqeslineiom mirtire TE modeled ai an o¥eel ga Q) Argon is inert. AWALTSIS! The reaction dares the form FO, TEM at Ary CORT BM e NDE TAL O: terete yp wee Br As 2Bayy Bt2-we ~ LOrermrgt Ar > UH Z)Ort (2-F Mat eNO + LAr The amount of mivhre fe WE Cig) kee aU EE AM equbnve Loved Pe 2 MO: Aeeakingy, 64, ARE tater form rite @ geal) 2S arpa At 2000, Tobanne giver (Opek? -0.4:3 By Ks OLDIE. Tus one = toe" Using an ey vation solver er iteration witha had aleatater, Xz 0.162. The a Ui beri van compos c Hon co (0.9 02, 1-419 Wa, 0.62No, Ary T. Note toe (P/Pref) erope ont 4 ads txpersion, =<. 14-26PROBLEM 14,27 EMOWA! One Emel CO Rnd OFS mel 0 Peact te form 1COr, 04, Cof at O35 emel oF CO is preset in the FPushebnum Wai MWe Tp. When palate, cusp! Delermane the ameratof CO present mam equlis deenhare, at 7, pt toate, ASSUMPTION! The equilibrium mache (5 modeled as an teat gas Awacrsis: The reachon fares tha form, CO +05 OL > A Co, + Reon TOL Cire me Be mg O22 ta-p\4Rr2¥ D> ors He us case ns Ua) 4 B+ Br = 14G2). Rr ca Zco+t On Ey aT reads a th = A(eRY™[ el Pret ir © baer a Tatty when Bz O-BSy and pa mreg » oe get th (essy(o.198)" “tl = 0.2098 Cory Sines T Ao wrmwe un clinngarat y IK Aawerne Unckagah . Ty Gite Be Wate, t4-G) anads ‘ha Cony tp we ae ey" agol K " 0.2078 to y" ee ute Using an aquahon Solver om ibvahmunte « hat Colentate, ® Qo 1844 <—__ ing te: ature constant and Incr taarn: cesutt or ree ed 1424PROBLEM 14.28 HOW A vestel factally contarne (mal Head Cruel Mas An equrlbriom mexbue, Oh Hay Hyand Nu foret at S000K, late. Frwd: Determine tne ager on. TE pressure is fnereased ube keeping Heemperature Fineds defermine if the amovet of H oud increase or decrense, ASSUMPTIONS: (1) The equilibrium michwe Sf modeled ar an ideal gat (2) Wa fs enerte ADALTSIS: ThE reaction tures tne form Pt 4, > He Amt Fie Hiozs waa weed Tuas hp, ee Me CE) H + te He Amernd of mrchure CE one Ke CE) HS © TAF: At mqulihriom Hy D 2H. Accordengly) Ey. M27 Hater the form Cath fem 7 Ln? Clb) “ tray ea i =F Goaree) ) Gq) gives open rearrangement Cayte Bx- 20 50 where v2 CMMef )/K] - Solving tue quadrake €7 vation xe Bt VY AH8091 ®) B+ NA Beer) Frou Table A2F at 200DK — (OfwKs ~l606 “> Kz 0.024774. WHR Piaget) Fx Hol 4G- Thus, Eq.) giver €> 0427, The *perthrvem wremare ce then { o3271H, o-fter Ha, 4 dad + —_ — To deternime tne affect on x uray tan sncreate fm pressure: at feed feapreaterey cet Sieg SUT Tae We TT C0 and 64-00) gives KF O3I3 . Accordingly X dead: to decrease as P inereeser, <¢—————_ 14-28PRogLem 14.29 Kiowa: An equilibrivin mitre of Wa,0x,and MO At 4342°%, latin format from deg ate. Find; Deteranae the mole frachon of NO in the equilibrrvin minture, Determine BAe anon of WO Increcier on decreases at T decreases at feed p ASSUMPTION TNE gps sre ‘ led at an ideal gas. (ty TRE analyars “The vesttton Hater the form Avaersis 0.79 Wa + 0:21 Op > KNOF K Mat fa Game) sera B62 Es8-w72 Guede Ke RD BF SAW a Stuy a ote On x wot Leer ]eee C The amend of miehere it ne ea [iby Te [ORE] MS aqertiheivm YeO,s le My QUO» Accordeny 6y.1FaF taber He fore tet © or gt tee Ler eIK A 0.46762 © w PF Caceres) > where YE Seat. Solving thus quadrehe ervenion xs -24 fee esay” @ <7 At WS4UR , THMOAD? giver [ope Keb 29Se AY KF O.oFOED. Thus YE ISCO and E}.O) giver X20-02. The mole fachen of WO fm the Cpe bere wentare ce Hee Yves SOR a ov02 oe fo femparsinve on x, connden Te 506%. To dalarmine the agpet of & Maher temperate 1 conden Te #500 Then Table A2F giver Lodo a7 Sp 2 O.059R4: Thus TUG] and Gye) gir Xe o.0g . Thule as lerperature decreares tht arowt Of NO alto deorearte, —_—__ 1. Note that (P/eep) Sreps oot 44s exprassion, and thus 4 toa Calenlatin Btie uilibrivm Compe Hon, 14-24PROBLEM 14.30 KNOWN: A gaseous mivhare witha cecfied malar analy ect fe headed at x presente of US bar and heme an equilenrrum mivhare of C01,€, ond On at Pook: FIVd Determine PRE malar Onalyat of He eguiliberum miviere. ASSUMPTIONS: C1) The @natgsrr fs bared on I mmol of initval mivinee. (2) The equilborivm mute it modeled ar an ideal gas mivture. AWALYEIS: On the bassef [kmel of iMihal Murfure, the teachin ff 0:2 C0, 4 0-400 + 0.40, —» x CO. 4 ACOs FO, Ci oaseas aa ay peens 0 ator 404 4 2004) = aca perth bes aaa Gene) +27 amy Te = On C0, + 0-460 40-40, —y HK Con 4 (00-8) 60+ (1S) On The amet of min tere te ma 4 (obnm) (ISK) a @2-KI/2 AY equilibrivm Con 2 eO4L 0. Accordingly Ey MAS tater the fem es KIS) le ue Taq OL Gacaye Pidegs bS/torses o> th ee esJLES]“Lomr] From Table ADF at 2000K , [0y4 KF —O-4ES By Ke 032734. Thus 2 O6-* ie oonre PSt][ SS elver or tteration with & hand calenlater, Using an equate 5 ts ©,.408 mele frechions is The amatyere Of the eguslibrrom miretace in terme Yoo? e4e8 2 0.4554 (45.54%) eu * 9. BAG Yeo e.taz 02148 (21-43%) 24. 0.3204 (33.04%) Yes Sent 14-30PROBLEM |4:.3/ KNOWN: AnileR gat WaiKture with a neler anatysrs 120% C0, 10% Coy, 40% M20, 20% inert} ender a Asactor opereting at shady Sets. An equiibriim mixture f Co, Oa, 0, Hr and inert gas exch He tacte ot late. “ Fimed: Ue) Th He eniting meghne d at 200K, dedernune tea rated, moles of He ewiting Bnet Hee entiying - GH) TE Yous 0.075 Wie enhing Wenham) detent fie Maen hen Hinparetare seuamanic s cwew DATA: 20% C0, T ji | j Epeslioriom wai etre act eae 7 Hp late, T . AH, ! “388, | t 1 Leo, con, Hag hs inet ASSUMPTIONS (1) The Control volume shown 3 ot titedy stote. (2) TAS euthng Uaixture GB Medalid 09 an Cutat geo renwhene, AWALTSIS! Based on (ookmet ] entying gar, at sled shete 30 Cot 10CO, + 404,04 2oimert —> Go-H)CO-+LID #¥)COg + (40-WyD + K Ha +22 Inert For tee auctrnguencto, 0 2(80-%) + (io4K) + (40 -K) eK +22 = [COR Hek Ab equi brrom Ger COtH OL Cor+hy , ondto “ O k= &AGd Plat Worx Go-y4o-9L (o-x) (40-0) Ge) Wer TE Ie0K, THU AB Grits [Qo F-00138 20.7328 Ranrnamgeng TEC , bom be expressed ao s Guadre he equahm: Panadol =gralorsO . Solving en mtg endeate Porvmcbn X= (SET asp emote Corobeced) © 9,889 xg Bo cnet the fend) G) When yeor0-07, He Yo: 22)= 0.075 > eaes my Foc uaa ute Feble M27, LOqWEE= fue interpola hin Ausf, Paoblen (4(e Thee, ie = GAME oy logiok= 0: SFE GNF) OnF4s9? . Tre pashan 5 bows Hot ge < Telok. UTS Ee logue K = Si = ce sk waisas Oh Se UG rome: moirae 4% Ces 1180 K Tooe Ths, = we coqusa7s bP 1280 > (ae =2S0697 =) Ts 771K — [Note tsa CP/P, ey is Tomy Ons a = a we Pat) | Srp TRE Onper sar ony a tH plays ne Poke os To 14-3]PROBLEM (4,3 KNOWN. One Emel CO and O.S Rine!dy, inshally at lat nad TOOK, reacts form am #4 ¥slebrrum tyhare of £C01,€0,0,3 a4 2500 and the tame folk volume 10d Detrmnne tee fink prrsruse senemate # Give N DATA: ro! 005 On | {eo.c2, 0.8 thet katy 00K fect: pamek ASSUMPTION: The ideal gar medal applet Awacrsig? The feachon hac the forme Leo O90, & Cor + feo Yor Ce Ath DD HH h, OF Be Win b)H BHAT) Fr Toe amernt af muwhere ome Cin py > Pt fla = ts Me The ceed gar epuahon ef state for the inht Miwhare gives pe Vvew RT jwnere toe pom in deades pacinchat values Fir ee hawk mex rere pve nT. Aecordinsly bon . Laden me), csse ate “ beats 2 (S08 For Cor co +h Oy 6p Maar tates Hee form kz BL “le 2)" 6 bg sse ets, C€4 0) With 50.0262 frm Table ADE at 200K om gows = Bf ssse a] Using an equatim solver or itvabm with © hand catewlaty, (120.074. Thuy ne 1+ Ota L037 eet Retuming te Eq 02) p= Gss6X 37) = S.Tel atm — 14-32PROBLEM 14.33 KROWN: CHa UME Lith 40% of thtesebeek ain & form an equi lureme at 10008, late wunmare J C04, CO, HOC) , Ha, Ma pee Determmme tre compucchen of THE 84 Ui brie nuahart, per Rae! Mf, Kathir’ ASSUMPTION WTHE ‘deat gar wedek applet (2) UL is inet, AWALTS; The feechen tates the form Cg + NE) (or 42 HOLT COL Leo OMe cert T E7OEM, He 4 aur zer, 0 2Ge Wimp 4 ae Oy os eth = | Table ADE gues fer Tetoook, K= 0.603 we 04-8 At equilibrium, Co, 4Hn B COMO And jhevefere, . case CAILLEHB] ( Ax o ee 3(o4- sete be rr a bend Cobtatatey 20.1005: Se, Temel 0 Coy, Using am aavabian volver, o itvabien dee he posi han gee equilsinrium wauchare per [0.435 Cor, 0.10650, $7065 #200. 343FH2, 6.768 Naf The mervat nner per eet of Citgo FTEB Kmet So, fee meter amet [te ae bin en hee 6 US Ze Cor, LOIL CO, 747% M005), > Zoe 929% By 1. Note Hoek (PlPmag) dropr out This Ovpuuptrim and Huse Our tA Subaaquent 2valvah uc. 14-33,PROBLEM 14.34 KMown: Cg Mig bear est ace ets 4 fo form an wpe libe sein fare of Teo, May oe, Meoea), LAT at (700K, Lape Ey TE te aquivetence Fohe wn 12, de tenn tye loners wacthiee ey el ee The comp, PcsrumPtrons: uy The dent 541 model applies, Q) Ba ie wert Awacrsis with GE )ine =2SUT) from Erample (et Gprvatenee robes & tee ay AF = REGTY Go, 417)4-76) 7 Te a Thus Co tig + 0.417 (0r€3.70.] = Cae BHO HS deat He By C. 62 O40 SH asBe HY: (8 = 26424 D d=4-6 0: wEya> ware te = ge)4 b+ SbF FRC and de -L4 aseec] = Fone At equlibrium , Cosel, 2 SCO FHC, Taole AF gues for Kee 3.388. And theve fore G-ell4ue-d This con be Folved Ona hentty by exprrtting ore quadrats Fivatinmn and vitng the quadyatic formate. Alirnete vty , On equahm solver Ca lee Ured, om i bration with a hand Coteuteder Com be employed. Ue yet ©=2-953, 9° gases GUl4ssared pusyn The comperih on ate ay eile rs ou Mave Hare, Pir Kine d % CeHiB, 3 then USUFCOr, AFF HOC) s 2-883C0, 1.283 He, 27: OEM2S <— Note Heat CPlpag) eros out Hast ex puaaim ont Hine fro Ae fallnuing evalua none. 14-34PROBLEM 14.35" LNOWNE Cyt, at 25°C, lah loueme with 40% excess arr at 2set, Inn, be O%, Aa aqeilineivmn vnatave of [Coa, Hie, 0, M0, BS formed af ROLE, O.4atm ERE — Determane Tht componhen of Phe Apel err vin wn hare, per coed Coby, ASsumpTien? The (dan gas modet applier. AWACTIN: Ths balanced reachen equahen for complete comberren of CMe Cita Ha thseveWwed Atrrwat ef cyait is GMa £ (oe+E7ee] > 200, + MoelE)a% Me, The aneent ef dy ar ie Gambuihe eity F0% aeerss arr 43, Hee GANAS ATE) per emet Cra, TH, MATE E IC cnet (0:0) me fat) The amount water Veper aeumpanging the dey an i fond Using Chop 12 Pcomenetss Pye P Py (ric) = Co.8)(0. 03769 ber] = 0. 02sz32bAr Pax P= Pys (o1taS— OorrITs O.SF7FTE bar, Than, retiring to the devetapmned a 645. ANT, wee get es em me (Sa Nee eats) > oan ete The ache epem hen TH he te for £19 +b 4 BNO Cab + BS( O43. ha) £0,420 Zeo, +1 42eMLO +P C At 2pelebrivm, LO. 4h, BNO. Table ADF gran fr ARK, k= 0.0524, 0.0328 = es feneeny” Squaring loth aides Hos con lee aepssied O9 < eee npcenets! rot valved Gay tre quadratic formula Alma tiwh , on 29 00h poloer can bt Gard ) or fbrahm with a Land caleutatr erptertel, Gs pt Y= 0.34. The compost tee 290 [bru mixture per Rmet 9 C2 42, TUCO) 1-428 420, 0.1S¥ NO, 0.943302, 13.1035 M2} Tr Mate 408 (Pt) deope 00 A Head Oxpace sion. 14-35PROBLEM 14.36 KuowN: CO, gar as°G gltm enter a heat exchanger operating at steady sate: foevvin mirhare of Coy , CO,and Op Cwits at 2800 K) Satu END: Determine tHE Comporitien of dhe Exiting MFA and the Heat rant fer, euch per emo of COx enters SCHEMATIC £ ciwew DATA! co, ! xe 2 cy 1, £01, €0, nf arse | T+ aBooK Pista ssa at at atm An ey Astumetionss: (1) Tre control volume shown in #he accompany ing figure ot SE Steady stabe with Wey no and negligible effects of Hinehe and potential entra. CL) The ideal gas meade applies tothe incoming Cop and the exiting erulbrivin metre. MOALTSIS: The reaction har the fem 1 Cog > ten) co, + x co + LO, THe omont of mixture fs ons Cex) e+ K 2 GHD /2. At equilimervmn CO Cost Accordingly» 64: 625 taker the orcs teeta ea contr, Cat) ( ria 7, fx 7p seq sa ds TLR Frm Table AAT at aBoek, loguics -0.825 27 Ke 0.14962, Solving, x= 0.197, The equilibesumn min ture Kat $Ne follew ing Componhion wt Kmol per Kmel ef Coy entering {oni93 co, 0.1867 co, oases Ont An antsy rate balance reducer at steady thie te tend © 2 Sex ad + 1 ReagCh) = [2-488 Rang CR) 2 01867 Teg (h) +0-0470FH 9 t)] Keo, MK - = «ttn 5 de. oem + hewham],, + er Fy Rew) HOM] co Ren, evonaas [RG+ BITH-T Cotton ~ Cf leo, With dete from tha ddsat gas tables or Ger, ontarr[-aaysre + wget gue] + o1se7[-uo, srt aered— heer] + Ker, oours( 48)te~ net] —C- 13507 141,850 © 3/ emote) << 14-36PROBLEM 14.36 ( Centld.) 1T cua be used as au alternahic fo Tterakim using a husk calalator oud 40 sting Hable dake in He anergy bubamee. The (T praqram fa Wews. IT.code T1=254273.15 1K pt=5.1 //atm T2 = 2800 1K p2=5 //atm MW COZ ===> (1x) CO2+xCO +x/2 02 dott = 1 // per kmol entering ndotCO2_2= 1-x ndot2 = ndotCO2_2 + ndotcO_2 + ndoto2_2 yCO2 = ndotCO2_2 / ndot2 ndotCO_27 ndot2 ndot02_2 / ndot2 Hatm 11 For the reaction CO2 <===> CO + 1/202 K = ((yCO * yO2"0.5) / yCO2) * (p2/ prefra.s Data from Table A-24 are stored in EQCO2A.LUT. log(k) = LOOKUPVAL(EQCO2A,1,72,3) 0 = Qdot + ndott*hCO2_1 - ndotCO2_2*hCO2_2 - ndotCO_2*hCO_2- ndotO2_2*hO2_2 hco2_T = h_T('co2",T1) hCO2_2 = h_T("CO2",T2) hco_2 = h_T('co",12) hO22 = h_1('02",T2) IT Results 1496 £8136 kmol / kmol (CO2 entering) coco, 0.1864 kmol / kmol (CO; entering) o,2/*e0, * 008822 mol/mol (CO: entering 2, "gg, 4 "1 SYSES kamal (CO; entering) 14-34PROBLEM 14.37 Keown: Salwated Water Vapor at (Slofiint enters a Wat egelanger operating at Shandy Chutes An equilibrivm wemhure of Meotq) He nd Oy Certs at 4700% latin Fad: Determine the comporition of fre exihing mixture and the heat rant, ech per lomo! of ‘Steam entering. Schematic 2 GrvEN DATA: ae — ae Lerocgy, i, On prariyine 1 Ts 4500 R, Relate, AStumeTios: (1) The Control volume shown im the accompanying AJUre 1S at theady state wth WeysO and negiigiwe fects of kine te ond potenbial energy, (2) The incoming Stam and existing epuitibrime mune can lon modeled a: ideal gases AWALTSIS! The reaction har the form to —= GK) Hee wht LO Tre amount of miehwe fr WE Cement og 4E)/2 Ab equ lrhe rom, tho hehe ome 4. (4.35 takes the form, uw k= OOO get)". (TL) From Table A-2F at 45% — Oger -2.224 = Kx 0.00597. Solway Kx 0-0406, Tae tturlibriom miehure har the follourag comperrhion in lbmel per lomo! Af sHeam emtening { aasr4 Hie, 0-0406 Hs, 0.0203 oF — An 7 Pale balance reduces steady state to read O* Ger — Wh. Tas CX) = [etre Kase (Ta) + 0-0 406 hy, Cr) + 0-0103 he 71] Kae Tes ° Glee, carat RG + Ln) TU] yyy + O04 f RFs Rev -Tesony) + Kuo 0 oor LHf4 Wn) -hIM)o, — (Bp + WOW BI) eo TS Tent at ude hs USF Witee ddeat yen dette date 2ineF (GPP) 0.254 (104,040 4 44 426-4290] + ones [33921G~ S040) + oor (27412-37251) = (oF 0404 356-4258 J) —— Ruse 4G BEE BA/ loner (Hee) 14-38PROMEK 14.37 (Cont'd.) Alternahve IT solution. T.Code pt = 15 //Ibffin®, saturated vapor Tt = Tsat_P('Steam",p1) T2= 4500 1/°R p2=1 atm M-H20 > (1-x) H20 + x H2 + x/2 02 dott = 1 1 Do calculations on the basis of 1 Ibmol of H20 entering, idotH20_2 + ndotH2_2 + ndoto2_2 \dotH#20_2 / ndot2 ndotH2_2 /ndot2 yO2= ndotO2_2 / ndot2 pref= 1 // atm 11 For the reaction H20 <> H2 + 1/2 02 K = ((yH2 * yO2"0.5) / yH20) * (p2 / prefy"0.5. MData from Table A-27are stored in EQH20.LUT. log(k) = LOOKUPVAL(EQH20,2,T2,3) 0 = Qdot + ndott * hH20_1 - (ndot20_2 * hH20_2 + ndotH2_2 * hH2_2 + ndotO2_2 *hO2_2) 1 Note: Use the ideal gas function for H20 in order to get the correct 1 reference value for H20 in the calculations. This results in only a slight error. hH20_1 = h_T(H20", T1) hH20_2 = h_T(H20",12) hH2_2= h_TCH2",T2) hO2_2 = H_TCO2",12) (TResults K = 0.00597 §uo2!*no.1 7° {9594 bmol/bmol(H.0 entering) u2/*uo1 “00081 lomovibmol(H.0 entering) *o,2/Mu,o4 700208 omovtbmol(H.0 entering) Oy 0.1 = 4582x 10" ButmalsO entering 14-39PROGLEM 14.38 ERowN: Carbon at 25% laby and 0, at 127%, [ate enter — reactor operating at ttendy State with equat molar fee ra fee Pr equilibrivn mechs 4 COr, CO, onet ©, Oni ts at for0ks laty EID: Determine the comperthon of The Exiting muenve and the heat Frantfer, each per emol of Carbon entirrng. Scuematic 2 GIVEN DATA: Ree hoa Tree =r | qe 04, €0, 005 wysate = alate BS, Gt Ta tteres mre ASSUMPTIONS! (i) The contre! Volume Shown in the accompanying fipure isat Steady State ida Wey2O and weglhgible effects of kinetre and potential energy, (2) The ideal gar model applies to the epuilioriom minkare, AWALYSIS: The reaction tates the form LO + 10g > Kn + BH CO + (I-DK) COR The amount of mivhure of RE RE TEE CERE) = LAK. AF euler Co, A Co4 hd, . Accordenyly, Ey: 426 tober the frm ran Coagea"y Heat “aera ye Tray Le tity Liex At 20D KE, THleAAt grves lOg@KS 0.4 Sys 0.3273. Solrmy xz 0-218, The eqvilrbriva, mixture War the following competihin ra kmol per kmol th obbon entering {0-118 Or, 0-426 CO, OS cof gq An energy Mle lealance reducer at study thate fo read ° oe as - Bw _ w, Beth.) + Pro, (TP) — (0-218 hp CT) + 0-46 he) + or Se - Wry on Ty a! st Remo as 0.56 heat) ] Tt D oe Gee , ore [Xe WCo)-heae ]o, +0 are (Tye OIF Oat eo + ce onse4 (Ties KO-RCJeo, — Chen) - RA o,. Win date free the ident gas tables Ser. gaan [ soe, 780- Bode] + 0-426[-110, 590% lorie BeCY) we 504 (-343, 520% lorrr6—430¢ ] — [7-86R] ata 4182 femo CC) a IT cam be used as au alternabive fo iterabi rv hamad caleulecor amd to usin fable dake Sn Ha energy balance, The UT progvam? follows, ne 14-40PROBLEM 14.38 (Cont'd) Altemnetve IT solution. IT.Code pi 725127 + 273.15 1K dott = 1 // Do all calculations on the basis of 1 kmol of carbon entering ndot2 = ndott i! Entering streams have equal molar flow rates. 73 = 2727 + 273.15 K p3=1 atm C+ O2 > xO2#2xCO + (1 - 2x) COZ ndotO2_3 = x ndotCO_3 = 2° ndotCO2_3 = 1-2*x ndot3 = ndotO2_3 + ndotCO_3 + ndotcO2_3. yO2 = ndotO2_3/ ndot3 yCO = ndotCO_3 / ndot3 yCO2 = ndotCO2_3/ ndot3 pref = 1 // atm 11 For the reaction CO2 <> CO + 1/202 K = ((yCO * yO2"0.5) / yCO2) * (p3 / prefy*0.5 1/ Data from Table A-2# are stored in EQCO2a.LUT. log(k) = LOOKUPVAL(EQCO2A, 1,73.) 0 = Qdot + ndott*hC + ndot2*hO2_2 - (ndotCO2_3*nCO2_3 + ndotCO_3*hCO_3 + ndotO2_3*hO2_3) hC=0 7/ See Table A-25. hO2_2 = h_T('02",T2) hCO2_3 = h_T('CO2",T3) hCo_3=h_T('cO",73) hoz = h_TC02".T3) [TResults K=0.3275 igo, g/t, = 0.5837 kmovkmal(c) 4363 kmol/kmol(C) fg g/t, = 0.2181 kmolkmol(C) 4.246 x 10° kWkmol(C) YLPROBLEM 14.3% as PF, Lata cuter oO Kavowsnl: An equvmelar Hunters | CO omck HaOly) at 200°F, veactr operating at Ae state. An equils rive wanhare dy Wa, co, OY), ot He exits at Z700°R ; late FIND! Determine the Kant traniter pa lbuet of CO entering SCHEMATIC F GIVED DATA: SEMEMATIC 4 CEN DATA 2 me {C01, co, Hr0tg), He} T22700°%, pz (atm eH ASlumpTio$: C1) The Contror volume Shown in the accompanytng fir'gure is ad Steady state with Wes and negligible effects of Kinet and potenfal ewergy. (2) Tre ideal gas model apeiies tothe incoaing and Out gorns lane fures. AMALIE: The reaction tares the foran (CO +1 to > x Con LIEK) COW CINK) HO eK He, Tha amount of wry mare te WE Ka CIR) 4 Conn) te 22 AF Mager liloriim CO Hh EP CO + HO. Accordingly, Ey. 1GIF tater the frm ee ore Las ye ke ¥ At 2700» Table AL? Quver Loy Ke O49T wy 225922. Solving, At Sheedy thate an energy mite balance reduces to read oO: Ov _ Wy Be . - t Reo Pn t heat) Rael) = (0-786 Teoh) + 0416 0 (T.) + 0.614 Fuelt) 0.1 hua] Tas Gee. oanl RE +R(RI-RO7 Yn, + one LA ATOR co + Weo j o out Cp 4 ROL DsmJaue + O2N6LRe heal RismYn, — EVCTE + Ren-Reo) og 4 CT + ROUI-T I Jot With date from The deat gar tebles en ost [19,3004 ao,s8t~ dears] + 0-614 [47,5404 22,450 3925.0] + O-b14( ~lo4, ofo4 24,057- 4258) 4 O-UE C14237.8- 3040.2) — {i [anne vsstce rer] IL venetor 250- anre Tf 230,547 BR(lbmel(co) + Allarnabvelg, < felvhm ating TT Can be devetoped. Wye 4Z,PROBLEM 14.40 ERown: C0, and O, in a welar rato enter « reactor opershiny at Sheady ster 2 parade streams at Late on d 127%, 277% Feapechivelg. An equil brivm mughurs a Cor, CO) and Ox exits at Late” The mate frechimg CO witha exihins mek faves of EMD: — Detarmme the heat tranttir per kuel of Co, entering, scnematic % GI Eo DATAE ir 1 (27%) tt lao : | he § co, c0, 01 Gm) oy 21 Fe tata te == AME COF OCP C24 2ISE OL 8. Tea At equrhbrrrm C02 DP CotA OL, Accordingly, Gq bir tater the firm an 21 Hg (gts) ( 2088 . e389 Bee oely ase) Tous lope KE 0.418. Taterpolahon = THEAIt gives Tp™ 3O4FK, AY sleady State an energy mate Wralance tedoces fe give Reog ) Aioy%) — [0.316 Feo (1) + 0-684 Heo, (B) « 2178 ho, CT)) or - teu) 7 Ger, ose Ree RO) Kee] + owote [hy + WC)- HORN] cm, + Keon, asa f+ RG) -Rerode Chg + Bon) -heae)), Wha) -E Alo, With dada from thed den? goo tables Sw 2 osu [-ne.si0+ ogee teen] + Oty 193, s104 ed NT-A004] + ee sep tog sat sean) —[(-2ansve) + 9372 - wor] aLy770 -B682 J = 428,237 edfemer (COL) 4-43PROBLEM 14.41 Ktsownt: CHa at 25°C late enter « reactor operating at Steady State and berea With 60% of thesrefrat ain eutiring at 247°C, late. fin equilbwivm waters f Coy, Cd, Ha0g) , Ha amt Ny exits at 170K, late ED! Determine Hn Competttion of the encting wenhwe and the heat Frat fer, each per kmel of CHG enter, scuenatic # Give DATA: cla Vo yeaa easte Fa tate Ne) st { C02, €0, Ha0(g J, Ha, Ma¥ Tye 1700K j fa Late 1 ' 80% won, Sie qomre Re tates ASTUMPTIONS: (\) The Contvel volyme shawn in the accompanying fig ure ALLUMBLONE, () The Coawal valgme pn pile eect epee kab! ey potential energy’ (2) The equilibrium minchare i modeled at an ident gat GY Ba is tnerts AOALTIUS! The balanced reaction equation for Complete Combustion of CH. Sree theorehtal Amount of air rs geen, hy IB according, * Combuthon with 80% of theorehical atr’te fore Cox) Cv, UyoCy) ; Ha jand faker the Corn, ee ae caealae Hg + G2) 2 [ore3. 76 Ma] —y x Con +l) CD + (2 2-%) m0 +6 tee amet of wovtuve (8 me wa inn) 4 Chen) abe 02) 46.006 7 4-006 At aquilsbrivm Cont Hy Z> Cot MLO. Accordingly, 14.5 tater the fori 0-2) Ay 6 (uee}022-¥) 7 ated 9! Ok tareenl we] Be 100K, Table A2F genes 10H9I 50-530 BH ES TLIBNG, Solving, we O-S67 ton pouiion ef the exiking equilibrium maxnare & eamol per kemales CHe if [asreee, y n43recn , 1672 HO, 0. IF Ha, Oto Med 4, Tous, thee At sterdy Stade an energy rate balance reducer te re d Woe Thong (Ti) + [ioe heg (td + Goreng td] — [2-5074 Feoy* on cate Tey 4 076 hes 40-3004 Buy + Ore hoy] Ghee , eseraL Bhs WO) ettjeage 0-424 CHja ROMEO] o + ene ane Ep « THR) D Ooh wo 2260 #CBEA HCG) ROMMTHa + Goth CIA RC)- Rowe, (Re Jeug = hOB) Te] = With Laka fraette CO+H20 K = (yCO * yH20) / (yCO2 * yH2) * (p3 / pref)"0 ‘Data from Table A-27are stored in EQWATGAS.LUT. log(k) = LOOKUPVAL(EQWATGAS, 1,73,3) 0 = Qdot + ndotCH4*hCH4_1 + 1,6O2_2 + 6.016*NN2_2 - (ndo!CO2_3*hCO2_3 + ndotCO_3*hCO_3 + ndotH20_3*H20_3 + ndotH2_3*hH2_3 + 6.016°)N2_3) h_T('CH4’,T1) hN2_2 = h_T('N2",T2) hCO2_3 = h_T('CO2",73) hN2_3 = h_T(’N2"T3) IT Results K=3.389 *coa!*on, * 0.4326 kmol/kmol(CH,) fig6, g/g = 9:5874 kmol&mol(CH.) 4 3674 kmolkmol(CH.) ‘wos /"eu, .633 kmolikmol(CH.) = 6. SH 1,3! "ory 6.016 kmol/kmol(CH,) Qdot = -1.917 x 10° kW/kmol(CH,) 4-45PROBLEM 14.42 NOUN: — CyHg af 2s" late eatin @ renctor at chet rh and burns with BO% of Anioehiat ain entiring PapnriBeby AF UM, lam | An RGU brivan Wane pave of (Oz, CO, HLOlG), He, Ma) exe ob (227% lata EID! Debrmnne tee Ment mnie pT per kaw og COME Sere matic F GivEw DATA sg) _! 5 ase i — 2 Lee, co, Hoty), My, AF sole | +> 22, tat — : tarvee, la RYpthse air : 25 %Glube ASWUMETIONE () The eon bol volume shows wb tee accempempns figuue ot Stendy CH With Ways and negliytle effect Kinetic arch potenhet energy ) The eeihay eulebervan wap hure G eeodated ar on (HEP a0 mrchve (1 Oyu inert, AmALrtis “We complete combeshon Wf) CoS wrth haere wevunt oy ate of Fee oa 4 Os The Fhterehed away ated Ca Hg + SCO4n%M) SD tro pater 18M, Accordingly, to feachon o, Clty with 80% of theerehel air 1 form toe speefied! wucture 1% % f cag + 4CosimmiT > ¥ Cot aco sbihor ely + TetNe ce: 3s esa a ae Hy B= dere Oo: Bs mR HOte Ls m 2yteny tb Sd b=S-K eat Cy tg + 400, +2 Teka) > x Coy + CA-¥) CO 4 (SK) Mao # Condi + OEM AL equilibrium Cort Hy ZZ COFO, Accordinyly, 7 HET tates He form ACS xT oleeg® bate (= At 100k, Table AM qr logo? 0.403 a K +2922. Selns x= 1,818, Aceordenfy Ke G CyHy 44 Lope 81M] > UBIO Cope LIBZCD + FHBTHLO + ORIBHL EIS OFA 3He a dn every role betane at Stok) SHR dec TE rtad ae De 4 Baguplt) + L4etnda 0a oH] — (r8 Rea Oe) + 1ethelh) Aerts “Pate edette Dyula) £0.80 gH) Hee Be] Qearrimarng ork wohng that Hae for Ha ond ML Ge _ pee (Tes HG)- Mle], tune (Eee BCH BRATT eg + 202K REG) OMe Mate” Lo gig LBC) HI a + 1504 (TO) - RO Jur — CPF ess With date From the cdent 5a; trttee 42.062 [-241, F204 57, 417 ee, pia [-193,s10 = THOM AIA eee, 896 + ATST7 BOCA) be — qnea] + 0 SIs [44s 1b B46] Ot LATaTE Hee] ~ C3") = -593,267 KT ment Cy Ha) ns 14-4PROBLEM 14.42 (Cont'd) Alternative TT solovow . IT can be used as au alternahie fo Herahien with a hand calculator anol fo usi Yoble dala. in the energy blame. the It program follows. peeng IT.Code Tt = 25+ 273.15 1K 2 = 25 + 273.15 IK 3 = 1227 + 273.15 IK p3=1//atm dotfuel = 1 // Do calculations on the basis of 1 kmol of C3H8 entering. 1 C3HB + 4 (02 + 3.76 N2) -» x CO2 + (3-x) CO + (5- x) H20 + (X- 1) H2 + 15.04 N2 ndotCO2_3 ndotCO_37 ndot3 ndotH20_3 / ndot3 ndotH2_3 /ndot3 ti atm 1 For the reaction CO2 + H2 <> CO+H20 K= ((yCO * yH20) /(yCO2* yH2))* (p3/ prefy"o 1 Data from Table A-2# are stored in EQWATGAS.LUT. log(k) = LOOKUPVAL(EQWATGAS, 1,13,3) 0 = Qdot + ndotfuel*hC3H8 + 4*O2_2 + 15,04°NN2_2 - (ndotCO2_3*nCO2_3 + ndotCO_3*hCO_3 + ndotH20_3*hH20_3 + ndotH2_3*hH2_3 + ndotN2_3*hN2_3) hCSH8 = h_T(*C3H8™.T1) hO2_2 = h_T('02",T2) hN2_2 = h_T(N2",T2) hCO2_3 = h_TCCO2",T3) hCO_3=h_T(CO",T3) )_3 = h_TCH20",T3) hH2_3 = h_TCH2",T3) hN2_3 = h_T(’N2",T3) IT Results K = 2.533 foo! mel = (Ch 60,3 / yet = 1-182 kmovimol CH) cosa! et = 1.818 kmol/imol(C3Hs) Mt 708175 kmobimol(C;He) Anos 18 qyqy = 3:182 kmovimol(CsH.) y3 ne 15.04 kmolmol(C;H.) . cu [py = 75.983 107 kamol(CHe) 14-47PROBLEM 14.43 eww: CEH GCG) at 77°F, lat enters a reactor operating at steady State and bint wit Ane duaoreteal aunewat of aie entering at 240% lai. An epuslnbrrvun Srehate ef Cou, Co, H20(9), Op and Ha enitt ot 3600%R, latm ENO: Determine the heat transfer per Ibmal of Fuel entering EMEmaTie $CVEN DATA: GhQ) = yey Io fam fe Ccors ee mney, 0 M5 7 Ty> 260082, fy> late ‘theo. ou — 240r8, ree Assume GO) The conta volume shown inthe arcompanying figure it af Bendy fate wrth Wy te effects of Emebc and potential energy. 0) Tre excking equili led a2 an rdeal gaz tar here, (2) Ma ihrwert, VEO end wi mm maretuce it AWALTSIS! “The reach'on of CyHpiy) rth tne thearehent ameunt ef ace te fore “Cx, c0, HOU), Or, ond Dy ik given by Cyhg 450.4 REPL > B-v)co, + HCO +E Oe 4 HhOe REM, w The Gunomt of mnetre te ome(aee dare Et FHEE * BEES E AL aquslibrivn COL Sm CO +4. Accordingly» Ey (4.25 taker 40 form a vy Ye cxa0 47 [as ~ 27h y* ete [agp] + ate [atece) AA Yeoore, THbEA2E git Lope Necordinagn, 4 WY becowues Cylg 450.4 LEM, > 2AONCOr + CONE CO AO.OFTT OL HO 41M sfate reduces te rced UATY MEF Ke 0.0013 06. Solving, x: 0.041 An ensegy Cale balance at sfeadey 02 Ger Wx, Tigugtt) « CooCn ttt] Bron Beno) + Rane aus, event ‘ 1 and Pearrangany and wotng tet hg so fon Ox — a 0.08 Lips BO)-WCMJeo * onest{ Rte) -LGnil Leth) 4 occas hey) # 4 Tate CG) + 8.8 Re tt]) See anon TE hO-KEIM) co, i ae a (Eps HD REMy ss ct ROD-HEMN Belen DisrMJo, ~ 18-6 LRCR)-REMI 0, -s Chm) With date fren tee clint gas tabler Ger. a. gen(~teassoe + 4 H- 4nr7s] + 0-091 [47 N04 2807- resi] + ¥ OM easrLagjn4-atas.i] 4 4[-osote 35541-4250) + pel 2787S"= 37a.) —C-44080] ~ 5 [4479-372] - 18. 8 ( 4468-3770] 48,94 Bhe| Home C6888) (3-x) CO2 +x CO +x/2 02 + 4H20 + 18.8. N2 yCO = ndot_CO /ndot3 yO2 = ndot_O2/ ndot3 pref=1 // atm 11 For the reaction CO2 <> CO + 1/202 K = ((yCO * yO2*0.5) / yCO2) * (p3/ prefy’.5 1 Data from Table A-2are stored in EQCO2A.LUT. log(k) = LOOKUPVAL(EQCO2A,2,T3,3) (0 = Qdot + ndotfueltC3H8 + 5*O2_2 + 18.8*MN2_2- (ndol_CO2*hCO2_3 + ndot_CO*RCO_3 + ndot_O2*nO2_3 + ndot_H20*H20_3 + 18.8°nN2_3) heals = h_TCC3H8",T7) hO2_2 = h_T('02",T2) N22 = h_T(N2".T2) hGO2_3 = h_T(CO2",73) hCo_3=h_T('cO"T3) O23 = hT('02",T3) nH20_3 = h_T('1H20",T3) bhN2_3 = h_T(’N2",T3) IT Results K = 0.001306 0.9! Pry = 9.09071 Ibmottbmol(CsHe) 60,3 "et * 2.909 Ibmolibmal(CsHs) 0,3!" * 0.04536 Ibmol/bmol(CsHs) Gl qygy 7-1-9855 Btullbmol(CH.) m4 44PROBLEM 1444 KMAWN: One emal of Cop fiHaly ot Ty tates ts heated at onstant presrure Until a final chalet attained Contishng of an equilibviom Maretre Of Coy, CO, an Oy tn wee OF Emel of COg Lt pretents EID: Determine the heat transter and the Work forial T= 248K; (6) T= 400K squemaric ¢ C1VEW DATA? trmet C05 aT and Fy {couco,ou} at tee? priate oc422me! Peat eater Col Ts 400K inticat final [3 AstUMPTiont: G7 The tyedem fe Bhewn in the actempany ing figure by the dathed Heo Ute ats “ptenbat -eneegy oft hase GD tue fet f° Comtbaut duringthe vcnre tam eqoelbrivm unvetore, (4) Presture, ima fo process, (4) Teeal gar model eppices te te Cop Farhally present and Baa quel brunch, AWALTEIG: The fit Shep @ te datermme Tht The reach'en eter ane fom 100, > 0.422 co, + CO 4A Cr Sa ota mh ke ose Os ae atom) + 0578428 By fs 0-2FT Tass Ley 0.4L co, OSTE EO + OREN OD ya (BS ter the form At aquilibewm Cord Conteda: Accords! Gesneite-ess" fait" a, ee 2] Leagy’> lodge ~0.1881 — a eat a Taterpalakng im Tele A-27q Th S3200K. @) Te2AFK ag tne cdeal gas eget The wore 2 given ng We [Pde s POV)» op tates pMie ET p AME RT Tae! a RU ma Teams te) = Gti4 gz, DY (eastiazee)- (0) AAU) meet sees +—————_ hn energy balance giver AU OW. With We pve) thit qrelde Qe (U-Ui) + POTEET) = (env) = Cut nm) = Hao Hy deserting! = (oma hee, an Ba Rew Low]co, + es7el 0-280 (y+ BU) BA) Joy - Cre, with dada fron the idee gas tabler qe nunteianet hers 4164] se osr@[-ne, 510+ 10n,007— 2668] + @ 0-284 [ 114, f09- g¢8x] —(-29880) = 322,396 J <——— w (i) 0998 Reh) +0:201T 0, J = Reo, CT) fy WT ROA) co + 4-50PROBLEM 14.44 C Continued) (») T= 400K Ase pert co) Ww: F Out- 1 %) = @314)(U28NG2w) - LN(401) = 30 48eT 4 An dior cd partt)) QH-Hy. The only Uifference 6 tra tvalvahon tee initret Cor enttntpy: (Wey + Bare) -Werael) cg, = (S295, s00 + 13,372 4906] = 384) S12 eI /euntCcoa) Q = 34378 I << @ 4-51PROBLEM 14.45" Known: Ha At BSC, late enters an insulated reactor operating at tteady rhete react with aso%e excess orygen enitring at 227%, Nate Paodwctt of tompurtion © at Latm. Determine dhe dm perehare cf () Comburbion ft complede, 4) an equililerive wivtre of Mio, Haand Op tests. senenane # even DATA: Me | GLLLLLE ey aes C3 tt wy {mead Oy ie Prelate wy (Hao, Or) WL amie Retin SAF ATTI FIG AStUMPTIONS: (1) The Contre! volume thown in the accompanying figure operates at heady chate With Daye Wey ZO and negi’gible Etche and poienbal energy effectt. Ct) Ta part ta), Combur hon ct complete. Zn Parties an equiliircom muvhare exits, GC) The sdeal gas model it appliasle AWALYSIS:Ca\For complede Commu sthin warty 2% evcets Oy) the reaction equation a Wat 6750, > Hae + b2S0a, An eueety mele balance at thady ehate reducer te git On Swe + Ua, srs], LBaye thathor J 2 $6 + Bnd, t le ess Au, + bX Rew Roan), ~ By Rw-ou)ay, = RAW), on . 2 TuGh) + has helt) e- CR horny, + 5 Lhe -5 ane, + nas ho, 24) eeCepaipne = 4404 1 HOF [iyme. sere] + Herero) 2 273,231 3 Hemel Solving Horak yeh With data from Table A283) Besos ke. gq te) Pr tase cose the reectien tates the forme Uys ttren oy x taps Cin) Mae (25* Joy Th mount of eduet Muehre OS WE KEL) A assy) ¢ GL. Ab opel brom Uno 2 W440, © Accordingly ) 4-14.35 tates the form cog [22% [eee eee (287 sealed" Bet + St (GE) 9) Kop) Anoteer equation relahing x and % it obfarued from an euengy rate eyoabion ot! “steedy state WRK vedveer te qire 02 a iG + Ubu), + HLKT, ~ (ahnet OoOhH + OLD hn], oking hunt Wy 20 for tend On tie becomes aa res Toso) Patani] Lal BP Fane 8)= Haoan] + con [Faso Faso) +09 )LFoxtts)-To, 040 Jf Sy Cenayer + Rath) = e904) + Co CRugtmd- Feet] + OEX)[ Realty) 9002) eee @) 10,654 quakes (1), (2) are Simultaneous equations ws x and FH. Solving iHerohvely with table deta, we get x2 0.4958 , Ty= 2426K =. 4-52PRopiew 14.45 (Cont'd. ) Altemstve IT Solutio. The following \T Solubon provides an altumatie to iteralion usting table care, by howd, as show previously + p3=1 /atm dott = 1 /! Do calculations on the basis of 1 kmol of H2 entering. /* Use this section for part (a), comment out part (b) 11 For part (a):_H2 + 1.7502 > H20 + 1.2502 r= h_TCH2",11) + 1.75 * h_TCO2",T2) _T(CH20",T3) + 1.25 *h_T('02"T3) v 11 For part (b) H2 + 1.75 02 > xH20 + (1 =x) H2 + ((3.5-xV/2) 02 ndotH20_3 = x x 5-9/2 (6.5 -x)/2 yH20 = ndotH20_3 / ndot3 yH2 = ndotH2_3 /ndot3 ndotO2_3 / ndot3 pref=1 // atm 11 For the reaction H2O <> H2 + 1/202 K = ((yH2 * yO2%0.5) I yH20) * (p3 / pref)"0.5 11 Data from Table A- 2are stored in EQH2O.LUT. log(k) = LOOKUPVAL(EQH20, 1,73,3) hr = h_TCH2".T1) + 1.75 * h_TCO2",T2) idotH20_3 * hH20_3 + ndotH2_3 * hH2_3 + ndot02_3 * hO2_3. . hH20_3 = h_T(H20",T3) hH2_3 = h_TCH2",T3) hO2_3 = h_T('02",T3) IT Results Part (a): Ts= 3033 K Part (b): x= 0.9533, T;= 2026 K 14-53PROBLEM 14.46 Mow: Ha at a5e€; latin enters an fnselated reactor operating at fteady cate and Feat wrth AS0% encett oxygen entering at 2270¢, late. Paoductt of comborher exit ot tatm EMD: Determine dhe rate of entrowy productvon per emo! ef Ha enterengaf (4) Com ~ bastion is complete, (2) an equilibrium wivhore Of Huo, Hay and Ov & SCHEMATIC £GIVEN DATA: See Problem M45 solution ASSUMPTIONS: See Problem [44S sol utron, AWALTSIS: (4) Complete combustion of Ha with 250% excers Ox “1 deren bed by Hy + 750, H2OF 125 On The solution to Problem 14.45(o) gives 3038K as the temperature of the proivets- At ateady-state an enbepy rate balawe reducer fo give Sev 2 Gype taste, )2 -— Fad, - eGo), wo Wi As th enters at 252¢, latins “Table AL3 giver Supt M057 eT/enelk « On entert st S00K, lator. Thus, with €9- 13.22 pad dete from “Table, A23 Fo,> E2,(S0) = 220.589 wT/emelk. The paodveti OKiE ot a mrkhe at BORE, Late with comporion Yost Haar, ymer Veas. Thus, with ple and dete Gown Tae NLS Emote Fo, Crest) Ran Bere Prete 2 86.82- Biv te os 203.62 Ka/emel Ke Feo war Fh com) - Bante, © 264.84- parte GEE = 269-79 etfemel kK Inserting values inte €4. 02 * 194.18 -__ fe. Garanys Gasyo8-7a) = 120.57 ~ HIF (220889, ‘ent a) we Gi) The renction is descr bed b3 Wat itso, —e 0.955 Hao 004s Hy + 127ET On The lemperatere of the products (4 eetcned Im the olution Te Problem 144506) as 2926 K- Ab gtendy state an entrony rate balance reducer fo give Se, (095s Syp +0045 Fas MFT), ~ Gad, Fade @ i esueth Cua), ond Sou ove the sane arte partla) above. The products cuit ct olmip treat 2A26E, late Wits the coupenriten Yinoe O48 /2a728, unt P°4sAaris, Yope CETSZL27Ey, Thur, rte EG (22 and date frome tHe gas tables” Adank Faet Efe (ane) = Rin Yano = REN 08- BSN te FEE « 292.09 KTH Ba eB aetm # 20 BS~ Ga Le BEE 5 23.6 ED Mmal IC 3 ABSMO- part ln EERE = 28g. 11 6/emel-K Taserting values rate Ef) = « = Cas Gan.en) #(@.045)cas ve) hott. BBN, Pm energy rode loolente Aadtusite wit Givin ativing hang + At’ He= Hp, or O= Hp +eh Tine +l: sol ky su In, S Cr, =I =k Trivking «dant see pits cate Oe (aaa Fro ty, ft) 2904] 41-88 [ Hay it) 8667] =O or To Cr) + 1:88 bys, Ct) = 268,022 ED/emet . Solving iratvely with foble data, T=2525K. (0) Than equilibeva me hme s formad, fre Anechion 24 vation sda Ha 0.5 Oy eb BEML 7 COX) Hao ax Ha +E Ot Beh Where we Can) eae a “ eae ZkROK/2 . For Hac Se Loy tHe and tage! (way cx | xe ’ = Gentoo s amy 2 CaN) © Pon seeeyy Ant etan ce Acdsee Te Hee Hp, om 02 a LAs WC)- h(Pive + x DHCT) “ROP oe + ERM ACM], +-ee(her) Tee], win ddant gas tte de tr _ - T, Teo tr) - 56t 1.88 hy,(7) 8669] oe Coen {h24ty Fie Tple) = ate] + [Tagtr)- eee] + £ (Tor) Hoan] +1-00 19 Eq uahie (2) one Simulnntous 29 Vath Me fir x, T Solving (erahwesy @ with table deren, x= 0045, T=2433K. Became 4 dissaccatm — case Cb) — te tempayvatnne tee ' peatecke Os ‘Dest phan ne The Compete Combushorr cose (a), I-55PROBLEM 14.4% (Cont'd.) Alter: Sobui ITGode 25+273.15 1K T2= 25+ 273.15 1K p3=1 Hf atm dott = 1 / Do all calcuaitions on the basis of | kmol of H2 entering usin 11 For part (a): H2 + 0.5 02 + 1.88 N2 > H20 + 1.88 N2 hr = h_T(H2",71) + 0.5 * h_T(102",T2) + 1.88 * h_TCN2".T2) hp = h_T(’H20",Tp) + 1.88* h_TCN2",Tp) bhp =hr /* Use this section fer part (b) and comment out part (a). Mf For part (b): H2 4 0.5 02 + 1.88 N2 > (1-x) H20+xH2+ 1202 + 1,88 N2 ndotH20_3 = 1 -x ndotH2_3= x ndot02_3 dotN2_3 = 1.88 WdotHi20_3 + ndotH2_3 + ndotO2_3 + ndotN2_3 ndotH20_3 / ndot3 yH2 = ndotH2_3/ndot3 yO2 = ndotO2_3 / ndot3 pref=1 (atm 11 For the reaction H20 <> H2 + 1/202 K = ((yH2 * yO2*0.5) / yH20) * (p3 / pref)"0.5 11 Data from Table A-27 are stored in EQH2O.LUT. log(k) = LOOKUPVAL(EQH20, 1,73,3) h_TCH2",T4) + 0.5 * h_T('02",72) + 1.88 * h_T('N2"T2) (F-)"hH20_3 + xHHZ_3 + @d2)"O2_3 + 1.88°NN2_3 hp = hr hH20_3 = h_T(’H20",T3) hH2_3= h_TCH2"T3) hO2_3 = h_T('02",73) hN2_3 = h_TCN2"T3) 4 ITResutts Part (a): Ts= 2526 K Part(b): x = 0.04563, K = 0.004239, T; = 2432 K 14-56PROBLEM 14.48 ROWE CHa at 779% lahe EMH an Intulated Peach and berm With 90% f theere Neat Gr entteiiny eapetaly ae 77%, lah An ep eilelor cnn lney Rare T Co, Co Ha0lg), Ha, 23 excte af Lahm Determnne the timperahare of ths enihiny wivhive 5 i {eox, co, Help), Ha, A43 ! tate aerjottoar 1 1 “77°F; labo ASSUMOTIONS: CL) The Confel volume Shown ints accompanying fag ure operales ak Gherdy State Cnty Weys@eyso and nepliyible Kmiht/ po Kn had entry affects. (2) Tre exchny eqelibrivmn muxtere ss modeled af an ideal per waren, GQ) Ma ca faert AWALSE: The Complete CoubeShouy Cie Cifa fa theoreh cat ameent 7 aut SB ques by Sp 4 Accordangly, eotabuthon wo tn a0%e ef thaare hs t ait © eben ae for the Urpregeed mantare (8 descr oad 69 Cig © 80 FO TEBR, Sy (HIE + HCO HOLL EK)InO 460.4 -K)D +6.R8 At equilibrium Cont DP CO+ HO, Accordingly , Gy 137 takes te form ex] Peleg7? = cee te) ke Gates { ont oxy 4-e) a An enecgy rate balance ar chew thet retecer _ fexg (ipo BOOMs, + * CRG BEI HeM eo a6 (ee) BG 4 BIMBO wo Bes xf RED TEM] 4 cree CRORE, = |e eng Terehey table date _ be Cond f cunyton = Fo sens) +H[-4780e Ao = arr] were rnbson are eds] a fotex) Tay = tee] + 67080 Fn -3728) - (-320) oc ox tev) [173,28 Ten] ayes (o4-eIL Puy 2046) + 6.16 Che, 37809 3242/0 jess Teo] + Leeil-toe,216+ Rive] + a) Eq veh) )(2) are Simullansans Uk Xp T. When volved Sarat vety D using Totes data, Te 4000%R, xx 0.2693. Lo Fen te queductt to wicluda beth COmnd Hy jp intpechong to poachnn aquathmr otows tet © most Le ai the intvunt 0 CO+H20 K = (yCO * yH20) / (yCO2 * yH2) 11 Data from Table A-27 are stored in EQWATGAS.LUT. log(k) = LOOKUPVAL(EQWATGAS,2,73,3) 0 = NCH4_1 + 1.8HO2_2 + 6.768*HN2_2 - (1-x)"hCO2_3 - xhCO_3 - (1.6+x)"nH20_3- (0:4-x)*hH2_3 -6.768°N2_3. hCH4_1 = h_T((CH4’,T1) hoz_2= h_T('02",T2) hCO_3=h_T('cO",T3) hH20_3 = h_TCH20",T3) (TResutts K=5.276 x= 0.2684 Ts= 4003°R 14-58PROBLEM [4.49 KROWN: CO at 77° late enters an insulated reactor operating at Steady sti and burne with ar entering at 77° late. An equiliorium Wanhure of COr, COO Mr exrts at lat, TT Eien. Determine Taf He Combushe Occurs wrth (a/ B01), thawre frat air, (a) 100% theoreh at air, semematec #61 var? co GEL LLLILL- yen ATS tam He (ena, aio A Te See SF PITIFIFY Rove ASSUMPTIONS: LO The Contra Volume shown in the ateompanying figure ct at Steady chede HK Gaye Wey 20 amd eglisibe effect of kinetic and pofenhel energy. 2) The equilibrium miehre sb modeled asan seal gar ars dhe “talering Comburen airs (8) Np is inert. AMALTSUG)THE recchen of CO With BO% of dheorehical arr te form fC, €0,01, 02%, 1 desorbed hy Coe 0.40, + L504 Me > x Cont Crem) CO + (EKO, 4 04 Me Tee aeowed of wn tare Fb wae wa inK) 4 (OEY )4 1 Fs Gob X)/D. AF 0445 Ur brin te 5: Dat eg CO, DB C041 OL. Accordingly, By. 14.25 tute the form .teeat e2*] "7 peat Tey pote 7 7 J (Este) =F call 9 kqy Anetner equation velahing x end Tia obtained trom an energy made epoahion at Steady state Ubich redvent give 0 he se 4+ Theo], + (0-4ha, + 504m], = (xheoeCrwhen + 6% Toy chen, Wide hy =O fy 0. +ureety, J, Oe (Wales ~[e Ce RCW )-VeerriJeo, + tor Rhs Res - Rev] co + GUT) Bese, + te LRG BID, or wit dainfrom Table A-23€ x [109,304 Reeth) dors] 4 Civ) [-4yst0e hea) 370] + CRAY Face) ~ 2705.1] + usvel Teylts)- 17293) =-47.540 @ * ch Agua ten She For ths qusduehs fo wceiude both Cn and On, Snipechon a tee Atnehoh etvation f STE Poe epee ore smote Hand Ty. Selving chyabwely with table date, Tg =4380°R, X= O-Fee, nd by thts becomes (oe) Thi neaction o£ CO with the theoreti et amenati) arr to puedven. Cg 160, Orsand We ib CO +4 On +1. 88N2 7 ¥ CO HMIHK) CONF BOgq + btEND For ths pedvets te mclede roth CO and Cor, us meaetvery for ¥ t be ar tes inbeyvet OeKel. ae ae) ¥ +688 = C7+K)/2. At na aman yo muature @ ME x eC) ET arereae) Co, PCowLO,, Thess, €4. 1435 faker tee foru he he Yo. come SE mk TS (TET 14-59PROBLEM 14.44 ( Contd.) Anoatner equation involving Th and x can be obtained from an energy Mm Palance with Tedorer at Ueady ctate fo ad a oF ot “ye + (oshoy s1ethw], + [Reo], ~ (rhea credhee, + £0y,t MBhy,], Taen swith Wy 20 fer Cr and Ha THE becomes . XCRE +H) Torasl]eg + CHO LK, +H) -F 400 Jco, + = [KCm) -beran) 0, + weaken heady, + (We leo Notng-thet F99F correspumds t 2S°L) we use data from + he ST table Table A-t2 W ebtrin x [10,830 + Rt) - Be64 T+ (1 ¥) [5343,820 +h) - 4364] + ALRCH)- reset Ves[Rin)-se6e]o, = - He,st0 OF ETA) Waseem (Farseny= sentra] + ELT ACW ROT UChy CH) BA) = tio, 830 (2) Squat mC) (2) ane Sime [taneous equahae fur X, Tz. Solving © itrahvely with teble data, x-O12s ) 73> 2399K (4318°R) TAs expected, the grentur ameuk of aw usedin patio) rons ina leer combustion prodinck demperahare Ty endian greater amount of ©, formed. 14-60PROBLEM 14.49 (Cont'd. ) IT can be used as { iteratwe solution by ki i br saeh a a alernntve to am iforobie soluhion by hand ing ob IT.Code T= 77+ 459.67 1°R T2577 + 459.67 1I°R p3=1 Haim dotCO_1 = 1 // Do calculations on the basis of 1 Ibmol of CO entering. 1 GO +a (0.5) (02+3.76 N2) > xCO2+ (1 -x) CO+ ((@-»)/2)02+a 1.88 Na ndotco2_3 ndotCO_3 yCO2 = ndotCO2_3/ ndot_3 yO2 = ndotO2_3 /ndot_3 yCO = ndotCO_3 / ndot_3 pref=1 // atm 1! Part (a) a=08 1! For Part(by: Set a= 1. 1 For the reaction CO2 <===> CO + 1/202 K = (((YCO) * (yO2)*0.5) / (YCO2)) * (p3/ preN*.5 11 Data from Table A-27 are stored in EQCO2A.LUT. log(k) = LOOKUPVAL(EQCO2A,2,T3,3) (0 = hCO_1 + a°0.5¢hO2_2 + a°1.88¢hN2_2- x*hCO2_3 - (1-x)"hCO_3 - ((@x)/2)"nO2_3 - a"1.88*HN2_3 Teco") 22 = h_T(O2"T2) N22 = h_T((N2",T2) hCO2_3 = h_T(*CO2",T3) nco_3=n_Tcco",73) O23 = hT('02",T3) N23 = h_TCN2,T3) IT Results Part (a): 80% theoretical air: x = 0.7658, T = 4380°R Part (by: Theoretical air: x= 0.8751 (Ibmol of CO out per Ibmol of CO in) 3 = 4318°R 14-61PROBLEM 14.50 See solu te Problem 1449+ For cack care, deternune ths anergy destruction per emo! CO entering. ScHtmat iC Z CIVER DATA: San tolunente Problems (4.49, ASSUWADTLONE: |. Ee Pluh'm to Paolem 14.44: 2. To SBPR. AMALWSIS: (0) Fromths toluhon to Problem 1444, the assction iS CO 0-40 + LS0#N, > 0-766 CO + 0-23400 + 0-017 + L704 Ny Wuare the product are at 4380°R M Steedy stete an entapy fate balance feduces te give ee Tea, + 0.284 Feo + 0-011 Fo, #1504 3¥y)y — Geo, ~ (0.8 Boys esev Fg THe carbon toner. _ Je enters at 770F; late. Thur fromTable A 23E Geol, = 56617) = 47.27 Wha/tomer oR. The Com buthon mir enters ab 77°F; latin, SO with Eq. 12.22 Boys 39 (Sa7)- RA toy = 48.4F aie Loess 62-08 BH/ somes eR EA yet $5 MG S074 BLL BMH/ Moone R, Suge 3B, 657) = THe paodwets ax't at 43B0%R, Lata unit the Comportron, Yooyt 2766 a en ara” Yeo 222, gas SET, yore L804 The, wide 6g. 1213 and pret Be Sate from Tote A-23 € Koy> Stel) & An eo, = 7670-1490 be 2766 Feo > Ba (41h)- Rn Yeo CFSE7~ LATE te .2BY = GF AA Ote/ lomel- OR Brey 7 279.89 Bh) [oma = 7S B67 Pomel OR Sos TH Cah) RYO, = OS458~ LAR Bugs FE (arw)- RAI 2 BOT 148 A LSEH 2 G2.a 1 Brn! omer aaa Trectng vatues inte E10) Sw : , 5 09906241) = 7.29 -@-4( 52-08) - =. (0-766)(7910) + (0-239L68:24) + 0. 0r}(15-89) +7090 6241) qmay(acad = 34.88 Bhr/ibmel- oR Colentating tes sxergy destueh m ut ST ums, ae reread Te das oven (3490.285) | arpa Fog] ir 4-62PROBLEM 14.90 (Comet) le) From ths wluthen to Problem 14-446) CO+ LO + LBB My Oras cO+ 0870 C0, + 0.0625 0, + 1.88 Na There the Combustion products are at 237K. At steney state an enmapy rate balance reduces & give Fe, = Onrtes ots Fey + weer das 108TH y, Ge), HAS r08Tm), CD The © enters wt ase, Late Teme ]eody = 35 0090) = 197.54 e2/tmel he from Table d2d The air enters at TEC, late, G0 with 9. 19:22 and ate Wome Teele Ac2d Boge By UAH)- R dn toy = ZemeB— gr L022 1K bI/ ema! IC Sys Moga EA Days ans INO IEE LAS. YO ellen TA cou hustion predvets en EEE ns Geer exit at 22946, 86 1 (he wit earmnoriti'on Yeo> SPE aver Brie | Thee eet Ggl223 and date feo poche a? Seon 8 Cant) = Rites © 2650237 Bn SRE © a gn 4d ea emer Feog 2 Ta, (2019)- Ede 9c, = 20.a7b- Bde OBE 2 320089 eT Emel Ie tine Bye ER carga) BAA Yo, 2 27607 - ta O00 2 307,683 ETI EM K a Taye Th, fart)- RA des as bves- 262, 20 cI/ Emel Toterting Vater ta Ty.) Se. Guaryanven)+ Commoner) + Goerdavren) an casnate) = ° GATE) = 0.5 )(218.0) = 188 (192-46) 167893 KT/emei (co)- KK Then 7 i top. se3 ED = 44,140 £3 <— (b) @ sat we, 2Gave)(WPSEI ES) = 40140 ED) 1. Working ui SI Units o2 + Paavlem 1444C6) Le Te anergy deotuchon of pert Ch) 6 grecter then wi partis) becamen wore air ts Used and tr entails Mere Wenins corti HOR Cmte volume W-63PROBLEM /4.51 enous CO at U8, LAIN entert an Sateladed Veacer and burnt ith exces Oa entering wt 2E8C; labs An eqvilibrinn moehene Of C02, CO, and O2 exat at Late; 29s0k, Emo: Determine the pertent encens Op senemane 3 Gwen Dara: wor co GLLLAL LLG Ratan, mad 2 1 Ff AG eoyen, oy or 2 nore fe 2d Ye ysiaibe, tat YFFTATIIFT ASSUMPTIONS U1) The comtal Volume thewn inthe accompanyrag figure or eA sheady chute Lett Gays WeytO ane negligible effects of tineht and getembral eueeny. CQ) The equili Brive mevture in wede led 45 an ideal 9a AVALYIS! The tesetion of CO Ui4nO, te produce COx,C0) nd Oz ct Cot Kr x CO + (IK) CO () Oy Tae amernt of metre be x 4 Une) + (2K) = TLEAEK. At egerlibrivmn Coy Dodd ey: Aecerdengly Cg tas flee te hrm ke eT tty] = GENCE) oe aexdK Ad aqswie Table Ad? giver losi+-0.567 Sy Ke 0.271019. Thus comers DPT (state) ” Anotner equation relabing & and x can be obhined fom an energy fate equahin Whee reduces at Ftd thie to ° > Sons a Peal, + ys 0.702 oomars[ ST [Sarnesee | i : ahead amount fag this value for x) €4() gi of 21.04 . Ys Har on aequeed ts Oe wna petatced According tg, Wa peeen! ences Op 1s 108% « —e— 146+PROBLEM 14.51 (Contd) Alternahie Solution Using \T p3=1 atm ndotCO_1=1 // Do calculations on the basis of 1kmol of CO entering M1 CO + (44XS) (0.5) 02 —> x CO2+ (1 =x) CO+ ((1 + XS-x) /2) 02 ndot602_s ndotCO_3 = 1 -x ndotO23 = (1 + XS -») /2 ndot3 = ndo!CO2_3 + ndotCO_3 + ndoto2_3 ndotCO2_3 / ndot3 \dotCO_37 ndot3 \dot02_8 / ndot3 atm 1 For the reaction COZ «> CO + 1/202 K = (((yCO) * (yO2)*0.5) / (yCO2)) * (p3 / pref)*0.5 11 Data from Table A-27 are stored in EQCO2A.LUT. log(k) = LOOKUPVAL(EQCO2A, 1,T3,3) 0 = hCO_1 + (14+XS)"(0.5)*OZ_2 - x*hCOZ_B - (1-x)*NCO_B - ((1#XS-»)/2)"OZ_3 hCO_1 =h_TC'CO".T1) hoz 2 = hTC02",T2) hCO2_3 = h_T(CO2",T3) hCO_3=h_T('CO",T3) hO2_3 = h_T(102",T3) PCTXS = XS * 100 {TResults x= 0.7019 % excess oxygen = 107.6% 1-65PROBLEM 14.52 KNOWN: A mate +4 CO and the theoretical amovat of air et 720%, 1.5 atom endere an satulated reactor operating at tleady State. An ety libro Wehie 0f C0n;60, 0, and Ma Oxide at LS Ate Ein: Determine the temperature of the exiting Mi heve. ECneuatic ¥ CEN DATA! thle LLL, 4 be m1 603,60, 04, 23 foals ke ae Ris Saree ASSUMPTIEAIS:O) The Comtval volume shown in the accompanying figure it at Sten Siate with Gey = Weytd and negligible effects of Fine and pefenhial energy. (The ingeing and entyorng Unvhures are modeled at ideal gay Worxharess (4) Ma cr inert AWALISIS! The rescton v3 desenbed by 600.5 0, 41-89 Br “> x CO (i-n) C0, oF 0, 1.89, Te amount ef mnehre it M2 G76OH)/2. At eqitariom Ora cota. Accordingly, Gq. (435 taker the forum, ts key: Slam = CS LT « Anotner equation involving Trond K can bt obtained from an eneryy fate balance wisch reduce: at steady Stete fo Asie P steady J . 7 _ O> Bel ~ Bets Losho, 4 L8Bhy, + Feo}, ~“LeReow cinerea, + To + -88hM), co te wit Wp20 for 0, and Wa jand data from HAL ident gas fubler AL “Wao # Restrid= arcu] + CiovaL-ten,t00¢ Beast) = wouns] & Xf Raynd=2705) +1B8C Bu Cm) 2729.5) = 0.5L s022.9- 1726.11 + 1. 88CS004.5 -2729.5] 4 C47 NOF S006 I~ 2725.1] CBee cni- Sines + Cox) (Reort) 100,228) + | LTocnd-a7eni) + 16880 Tw, te) -7724.5) 224303 a) Equechewa(!),(2) are simmbtenagus G2 X and Th. Enapectiny ton . : & ferction Apvahon olen thar for CO and Cor fo eeu te < XK mutt be ut fee interval OK KSI, Solving (1), (2) Tera heey Uting TeQe data, «= 0.1595, TE =4420°R . The soluhion preseuted ow the next page use T te avoid He iterative solubion of simultaneous eqastions iwvolving table dab. Rh "4-66PROBLEMA 14,52 (Cont'd, ) Altevvachie Solubon Us: if IT.Code Tt = 260+ 459.67 1/°R pt=15 //atm p2= 4.5 // atm AdotCO_1 = 1 // Do calculations on the basis of 1 Ibmol of CO entering. MW CO +05 02 + 1.88 N2 ndotCo2_2 = x ndotCO_2 = 1 - x dotO22 = (1 - x) /2 ndotN2_2 = 1.88 ndot2 = ndotCO2_2 + ndotCO_2 + ndotO2_2 + ndotN2_2 yCO2 = ndotCO2_2 / ndot2. yCO = ndotCO_27 ndot2 x CO2+ (1- x) CO+ (1 -x)/2 02+ 1.88 N2 II For the reaction CO2 <===> CO + 1/202 K = (((yCO)*(yO20.5)) / (yCO2)) * (p2/ pref*0.5 11 Data from Table A-27 are stored in EQCO2A LUT. log(k) = LOOKUPVAL(EQCO2A,2,72,3) 1O2_1 + 1.88*HNZ_1 - X*HCOZ_2 - (1-x)"CO_2- ((1-29/2)*hO2_2 - 1.88°HN2_2 hT(CO“TH (Results 02862 x= 0.8659 p= 4422°R 14-67PROBLEM 14.53 WeMeUN! Cg AE DEH, Late entire an tatuleded reactor opereting at tfeady sfte, ond burnt with Op entering at 127°C, latin. An equilibrium mie bre of Cees C0, Opp and HpOtg) ccc tS 4 F2SDK, atm Fmd: Dalermine tne rete Op Enders, rm Ruel peremal of Cg. SCHEMATIC Jem DATA: im is im { co, 00,02, 4100993 I (7 Tye StSOR, Pyslaten TOOPE PPO ASLUMPTIONE LO) ThE control Volume Fhown on the accompanying figure rt et Steedy ctete With Gey > Wey 20 and negh’gible eHectt of koeht and potential energy, () The mchre at Sand incoming Or tn be madeled ar dem! gese: ANALYSIS: The equation deseribing the reaction ef CHg Unth O2 to form Pa, 0,01) HO is Hy eh On > Ct-2K) CO + 240 + (KER-2)02 +2 U2 O FTA amount of venetare ok AE CBR) UK ACKER TD AL BLEEK, At equilibrium Cox Cos M20,. Accordingly EG.s4-3F tober the form _ Cavdtwave2] 7 pat J% | (ax gp aex-2g KO)? aa Rat J" = (Se SRS a) At ZrsoK, TaWe ADF giver logy k= ~O.I2IS BS K> 0.75596. Savaring beth sider of Eq. Ci and Solving for & os (i= FOR - C44 Lae Fae [ws T ® FO)-1 aad Anotuer equation involving andx can be obterned from an Onergy 5 Steady state to give 8 o+ ge xe + Grong], wLRor], = (coererica, #24 ce + (eer-tyhot 2 a ‘om + nthe ddeot gastebles hn witehf 20 for O ant date frow the det zastee ae ot Bpeny tC ROO -BOaMMDo, = [onan heen Basta, axle Re)e ctl] eg ceneeny LU) TEMMI] oye LR Tem) Le Dag] ean [-249,s20 4 rp ER— aTed] — 24 [H1e,r0 Am el 8668] © (aa eur Lle 827= Hele] 2L241 trod ts0jn7t- 9808) ly ox ETA] 4 Aftna-aorr] ~ cv Upon redvetion a 105,11 & + $42, 439x = 569, 406 Counkws (22,1) are simultaneous elohoo i x and 8 ingpachmny terasachm 24 uahim, for Me pomvett to emtnrnn CO and CO, Xk mort be ud the indent 96K <0.S . For Or tube wee perdeeh, 1 2. Solving HHermb vet Uainy tebe dar Mz O.2FL, Xz 4.0373. lemal (02) / mol CoHbg) << ————_—— 1-68PROBLEM 14.53 (Contd) HHeralve solution of sinmulancous equahous invel ving table is avoided by using IT, as follows + IT.Code 25+ 273.15 1K 427 + 273.15 1K 73 = 3250 /K p3= 1 i/atm ndotCH4_1= 1 // Do calculations on the basis of 1 kmol of CH4 entering. 1 CHA + KO2 ===> xCO2+ (1 -x) CO +(A- (8 +x) /2)02+2H20 ndotCO2_3 = x ndotCO_3 NdotO2_3 = A - (3 + xj/2 ndotH20_3 = 2 Ndot3 = ndotCO2_3 + ndotCO_3 + ndotO2_3 + ndotH20_3 yCO2 = ndotCO2_3 / ndot3 ndotCO_37 ndot3 11 Forthe reaction CO2 K= (({yCO) * (y02*0.5))/ (C02) * (p3/ prefr.6 11 Dala from Table A-27 are stored in EQCO2A.LUT. log(K) = LOOKUPVAL(EQCO2A, 1,T3,3) CO + 1/202 O= HCH4_1 + AthO2_2 - (x*hCOZ_3 + (1-x)"hCO_S + (A-(B#x)/2)"NO2_3 + 2°NH20_3) RCH4_1 _T(CH4"T1) h_T('02",72) 1_T('CO2",T3) h_T('cO",73) h_T('02",T3) 1_T(’H20",T3) ITResult *o,2/%on, * 4.037 kmo/kmol 14-09PROBLEM 14.54 Clg at T72F; lat enters au lanulated reactor operating af tivady state and Wes withtne theoretreat ainovat of air entring af 779% latin An ealcbervmuistare of COL,€O , Or, Hi0C4) Devers inenine tempten hare of dhe Cxihing minbTe,(b) wha exergy destctin we Gh por Hbmel of CY en trrng seme Matic £ GvEN DATA: ey [fllilitli lll, ae —4le IY 3 fete Hom Leon 62, O4, Mota), Wah Tyee, — Ae A 22, he latm mre Plate LITTIFI ITF Assumptions: (1) The Contvel volume thown in the accompanying figure Ts at Steady stele With ey* Weyz0 and meglisible effects of Kine ht ond pelewtial energy. (L) The incoming Air and exiting Wiehe Can be Modeled of ideat GQ) Ny ig inert. @) Tee S37°R. AMALYSISW Combustion of methane With the thacre Heal amount of air $e prdure C04, C0, Or) HiOlg), ant Wy ix cleseribed my kyown: Cig 42.0, +7.52NQ—> (1-H) CO, NCD +L #2 HLO TIEN, Te ameunt of Miche it NECK) ae E +H UTES GIOEE)/2, AF Eqvls bride CO, POF O, ACOrding lg , Eq. [EIS taker the forma h “a key (Mt) 4 lisse] gy Avovaae eyuetion in % and Ty cam be obtarned From an tneray rate equnkon winch reduces at tHeady state fo o: a”. © Gheagly + aye Tsiny), [lr Rey + he FFs Hast seh wl Gt - at Then With Wyse fr Op and Na . - caer [Tipe Ben) -Resrm)coy «OM ATeny-Tcomfeo + LLRG)-TE7) 0, aa fKps Tem) Termine +n [He) Reon? ley Voth data from the co The methane Bhny lanier. = G09 Fee, + o108e See + 8.0844 Fo +2 Troe 782 Fh], - Fen), ~PSqs7ntm], The ar Enters nt 77°F, [abes Thor, from Tobe ADS, Senge 4449 Bae emtere at 298) Lee, Fo wits 6.1222 aed date Grote ble ADS” BEGI7)-RLY,> ABAt- aebARor: S208 BAI/b Toye TB FAM ® et ote f Homeoh THe combostion product? exst at 4066°R, late wr’ .890/10.5744)) 4002 (0: 007 70.5744), Ye That, wit date from 2 45.74. 11 Lame th comporihien yeot 0844/0564 Iagmyge El.r704), ideas gar babies Seo? Tee, (4066) 5210.50), An Yeo, = T5643 ~ UATE An (2-B8/pospey) = BO. TSE Rhflbmal Kegs Hoo (400) = Bn degs | RIN = ENC (ooet/er¥N) = Sat 72. 00 BA/lomel eg MEA (0:08 /oSNV> 75-740 h/lomel &R Tox Tol see) - EAr tno © #78 = eel = Tol 4066) = a oy By, = eae nt To, (aoee) - BAL 9, saw) 68.04! Bh/lomol : Bh / towel )-RA Ds crates MMe L(myIsMDS 61 TT 0 & = My (460) BAND = Using cateulated date Ge ,{Co.nn)ces.sse) + co.1080\ 22-004) » (050 NIE ME) a 2 Cee .odt) #752 (GLA) ~ Aaa = (@)UD06)4 Bsrlaerty) = (8428 Eh/Iemol” RK Flinalley Hoe exomy dectruchinn is i wd) s(s93te)(ies.a8 Bit) + royegs Shia, << An iterabwe solubion of simutaneous equations with table data can be Avoided using IT, a5 shoumon Yue wert page. MFPRosiem 14.54 (Contd.) Alternative Solution Using IT: IT.Code T1=77 + 459.67 1°R NdotCH4_1 = 1 // Do calculations on the basis of 1 Ibmol of CH4 entering CHA + 2* ndotCO2_3 AdotCO_s ndoto2 ndotH20_3 ndotN2_3 = 7.52 ndot3 = ndotCO2_3 + ndotCO_3 + ndotO2_3 + ndoth20_3 + ndotN2_3 (02 + 3.76 N2) > (1 -x) COZ +x CO + W202 +2 H20 + 7.52 N2 1-x yCO = ndotCO_3 7 ndot3 yO2 = ndotO23 / ndot3 yH20 = ndotHi20_3 / ndot3 yN2 = ndotN2_3 /ndot3 pref=1 //atm II For the reaction CO2 <> CO + 1/202 K = ((yCO * yO2*0.5) / yCO2)* (p3 / pref*0.5 If Data from Table A-27 are stored in EQCO2A.LUT. log(k) = LOOKUPVAL(EQCO2A,2.73,3) 0 = NCH4_1 + 2NO2_2 + 7.52*HN2_2- ((1-x)"hCO2_3 + x*hCO_3 + (x/2)*hO2_3 + 2*nH20_3 +7.52°hN2_3) hCH4_1 = h_TCCH4".T1) hO2_2= h_T('02",72) N22 = h_T('N2",T2) hCO2_3 = h_T('CO2",T3) hCO_3 = h_T(‘CO".T3) ho2_3 = hT(02",73) hH20_3 = h_T(H20",T3) hN2_3= h_TCN2"T3) Edotd = To * (sigmadot / ndotCH4_1) sigmadot / ndotCH4_1 = (1-x)*sCO2_3 + x*sCO_3 + (x/2)"sO2_3 + 2*sH20_3 + 7.52"sN2_3- ‘SCH4_1 - 2°SO2_2- 7.52°sN2_2 sCH4_1 = s_Tp(C'CH4",T1,p1) p02_2=.21*p2 802-2 = 5_Tp("02",T2,p02_2) 78" pi ‘SN2_2 = s_Tp("N2",T2,pN2_2) pCO2_3 = yCO2* pa sCO2_3 = s_Tp("CO2",T3,pCO2_3) pcos pO2_3 = yO2* 802_3 = s_Tp("02",T3,p02_3) pH20_3 = yH20 * p3 sH20_3 = 5_Tp(‘H20", PN2_3 = yN2* p3 sN2_3 = $_Tp('N2",T3,pN2_3) = 189.3 Btu/lbmol(CH,)"R = 1.016 x 10° Btulbmol(CH.) 14-72PROBLEM 14.55" Kiown : CH4lg) at 25°C y lathe enter on inculated reactor operating at Steady state and burne with x Himes tha thaorebcat atmount air earning at 2G late, An eq sili brian hue hire of Con, Co, Or and Ma exit ar late EIMDE For x ranging hom | te Gf) detirnine the Hmperatune Oy the ex ihing equilibrium: waxtave: ScHEMATIC F GIVEN DATA Ei LLL Le wie i -m Lea, co, 0, Wad Fo Gtr tans RRM CRTs cy TONS: C1) The control vol, ve the in the ac AStuMe 1 The contrat volume shown in companying figure 1 at Steady tate Witn deys Weed and neyiigiale effeen of Eeve he and potenbal energy. Q) The equilibrium” Wiehe can be modeled at an Tdeat gar Ca) By is inert. (4) eet, AWALTHE The tenction of CHq vty x Aimer the theore hieal aueunt SF aw & predure Cor, Co, Og, and My it derunhed by Cg 4 Ady US2e Ma, Ar Cin) C04 HCO 4 (22094 DMO 4 eRe Fir Co and COn to mppenr ei te Pe teCH As Reateery fr & feet ea Hee eR Oc mc], The aie unt gy murhares mn) ne na) b oe (2R4 SAAT ARIK = (AAG OF +AD/2, a ee eee CO NOL -Accardengly / Et IFIS becomes see [ PlPee 7 Vf axa \ kop: SEB lesen) * Ge) E54.) o Another equation relabng Ty and @ fre tpeenfred x tt ebfarned ling te Energy rate balance Chin at Plead tinte reduces te o: ate Ba + Gana) + Cara tatehinl,- LererBeoys aT (ane g-d Fe t Tie +7500 To Jy chen, uct Tip 80 far On and Ma, 0s Redeny = cor [Bp wD -W 2B) eg, = #L BE + HOH) TOM] co = (446-2) Rem )-nlaan g, -200] 4) -nloeel) wae = 5% WUG)-F OME), Wikndate Grom te eiet gas tobtes Oz Crags ) = C-a) [342,520 + Feo, )- 364] na [aro rsr0s Reeth) ~ ret] a (axe - 2) Roath) ~ ¥042]] — 2{-24i,t2o-4Tuyotta)- st68] + 7axC holt) ~ Bet) = © 7aby0) — Coa) L Ren, OR) = 4080884) - & Chott) ~u9,iee) = (ex -2) [ho )-B682) = [Tat -250728) ~ Zsry £ hy (1) ~ 8669) @ G45c0,00) ore smettenseus un T3, a) and xX: For each sprufred vob frx: ts Ks 4 y the epvahone Can ba Solved fr 7 and ol, G1 shou ust tO — fotlnwing the IT Solution 14-73PROBLEM 14.55 ( Cont!al.) 1" 1 CHA + (2 * x) 02 + (7.52 *) N2 (1- a) CO2+aCO+ (2*x+a/2-2) O2+2H20 + (7.52 *x) NZ W 25+ 273.15 1K T2=25 + 273.15 1K 1 Matm ndotCO2_3=1-a ndotCO_3 ndot02_3=2*x+a/2-2 ndotH20_3 = 2 ndotN2_3 = 7.52 *x AdotCO2_3 + ndotCO_3 + ndotO2_3 + ndotH#20_3 + ndotN2_3 ndot3 yCO2 = ndotCO2_3 / ndot3 yCO = ndotCO_37 ndot3 yO2 = ndotO2_3 / ndot3 pref = 1/For the reaction: COZ 1 atm > CO+ 1/202 K = ((yCO * yO2"0.5) / yCO2) * (p3/ prefyro.5 11 Data from Table A-27 are stored in EQCO2A.LUT. log(K) = LOOKUPVAL(EQCO2A,1,T3,3) x ndotCH4_1 = 1 // Do calculations on the basis of 1 kmol of CH4 entering. O= HCH4_1 + 25chO2_2 + 7.52°x"hN2_2- ((1-a)"hCO2_3 + athCO_S + (2"x+al2-2)"hO2_3 + 2HH2O_3 + 7.52%°HN2_3) _T(CHA".T1) h_Tc02",T2) hoTeN2".72) 1_T(CO2",T3) h_T(’CO",T3) hT(02",T3) 1_T(H20",73) h_TCN2"T3) {TResults x a Ts(K) 4.0 _ 0.109 2259 15 7.025x104 1788 20 1036x105 1481 25 2471x107 1280 30 B101x10° 1138 3.5 3.934x10" 1032 40 5.312x10 950.7 As Yoo amewt of air Supplied therenses, He 3000 2500 2000 1500 Ts (K) 1000 00 15 re of Wa combustion products amc the amour of CO decrease. 1y-74PROBLEM 14.56 A mitmare of ( emel CO jos emo! On, 188 mel My fe initeally at BATE, Late Ie a cloted, Figid y fatulated verte! Anequiliennn beeen of COL, 60 Ox, and Me eventvally format Eusd: Detevmune the final pressure. ec § Civen DAT. ASSUMPTIONS: () The tygiem [4 thet in the accompanying fgure. (2) The ideal qat model applet at the inital and final states. (3) For dhe system Q@eWwed Gnd Eiwttre and potential eneray effects are negligible. (4) a is inert: The reaction daner the form 04 0G 1.88 Ma x CO FUR) C+ EO HBB ML THe mevet of womens Sk nya I OSH BBE ABR mel THE freed amnent ef mreherede aa RECUR) AE AEE = Gote44)/2. The sdeal gat equatronef stale gives RV ewe Ts ts Rem y AVaméin Row AS PyTiandm are Known, A can be defermened onee na and Ti are knowh- At equilibrivm, Con =P COt LOL, Accordingly 69.1435 taker the form rf mn kere): GRAD Beet a) Sece papap) ste of Bp) fm equcer grees aye Ke)? ILE] ed Another equation valving x and Tr canbe olutaraed froman energy balance Whee tedeces to AUS MW Tratie, [e Weo + 0) Teo, + ¥ Bo, a h88GML], -~[ Teo vos to, +188 Zm], with Reds ®t, G2A-kT . (Ce big Bt) + Ct Rey RT) +2 LBaP Td > (Gee-8T.) worn [#Fe ston fg +Beds Che serous RY) 104ff,c9 Zain] 20 287 -U6H RHO 9 8014, (6)-F mth] + For 60, Coy pend On, habe dh. Teas ee URS + htt) “hat ]eg 8) CRS Ten) -TReanjes, ECR OW) oy = Fpstow Ruano ~esl Berl Klan), + 1se linn) Eu, Crlfe Bet - ory eh 0 With data From Table A-23 HL -U0)820 + Teo (TA) = ret) - Lio (044 s20 +a, = 4206) + A[RACR)~ 968r] ~ L110, 510 + t4yb00 ~ 8609] ~ 0.5L 14,770- Bor] + veel Gu, Cn) = mea} + 2 Leai4)(see) - Cag RE = 0 14-75PROBLEM 14.56 CContd.) ma # LR esti) = nasi] + G0 Kec) = 402, #003 + tlhe) - 8082] + OB Ew(h) ~ Ce QR 460D 20 te) E4£-(2), (4) are sinwiteneous ue ¥ and Th. Inspect B Ho reachm suai shoud thet for CO and COr fo be ot ten freduch %o mort ba un th inteyvet occ. Solving tra hve ty using teble date, x=0.2262, % = 276K. THs = S.%6 40.2262 2 2.493 = 4-1) Home ave = (2443) 276! = —+—_ Fe (M2) 2KL) (lanes 4.81 am the following IT Solutio provides am allernative to the iherakve approade Favoling Hause of tuble dada: [TGode nCO_1= 1 //kmol nO21=0.5 // kmol 227 + 273.15 1K 1 = 1 /atm nt = nCO_1 + n02_1 + nN2 MN CO+0.5.02+1.88N2 > xCO+(1-x) CO2+x/2 02 + 1.88.NZ ncO=x 1.88 2 = nCO + nCO2+nO2 + nNZ ACO / n2 n02/n2 nCO2/n2 atm p2/ pt = (n2/ nt) *(T2/T1) For the reaction CO2 <> CO + 1/202 K= ((yCO * yO2*0.5) / yCO2) * (p2/ pref)*0.5 1! Data from Table A-27 are stored in EQCO2A LUT. log(K) = Lookupval(EQCO2A,1,T2,3) U2/ nCO_A = (x* UCO_2 + (1 -x) * UCO2_2 + («/ 2) * uO2_2 + 1.88 * UN2_2) (uCO_1 ¥ 0.5 * uO2_1 + 1.88 * uN2_1) IT Results a 2760 uN2_2 = u_T(N2"T2) pea eeraim W-76PROBLEM (4.87 EMOWN: A wetare of CO and the theeeh eat auewat of aim recche in ee ninlatid vertet te form tm ees leben neg hee g C6u, £0, 02, firemen @ weler analysis 1 provided. A meniured unlue fir die mek Reperatire 6) indented ay weet erm Check the contiateneg of TAL guen date, Seurmate £ cvEN DATA Bote emo! O, 1.88 Knol Na hips 2.476 ewe! {i BoBeae! CO. e9n emer CO instal figure above (2) Foe ten System @) Téeet gee W) The system ik Shown in the and Kuatic/ potenhat enseyy effec are neylig.ble Pomenples Spety, 4) Wa fe inert ANALTENS Using ite data abort the balanced reachm epehensy 6 C0 + 0.50, £188 M, 7 0.808 CH $0,192 CO 40 076% 4LE8 Na Carson and caygen balances verify TOE eepreion 14 covree? Next yan energy balance fends AU= GS Paralieling ths devetepmnd Hh EG 1817, tere con ee resem oe = =e Bret) 2 nCigeoh) = ay Ent PREM WH dable date thse becowss, area) +0.142 (10, 800-4 (aavis~ Beea)] v0, 046 [2627-642] 0.806 (293,510 + (145491 eb0 (41,724 — aoe] — 1[ 19,580 + (aeis — R668] - os larer seed =~ 5314 ((0738)(2.976)- 6291528) J S61 KT Acconbingig, the Reeegy bekame Feqviremand G cluely sabe fied Renata, the equilibria conttrant hes tea concsdered? | TACs (ergs fee fred meehare parse uce, OU rnd ufinig Th Cdens gar myennen ob MS at ford coleueng pene t, Thr i 6 BR. tele = &: a iesol Bel 433 Fee Te "ee 2477 atu, Ten, Co, @ co +4 Or, tn teh Bar Toor] wn] [e887 M 2 (es {e cag }(0-a] = 0.48 ones. Fann) Conn Tok AF at 272K, [0gyK=~ 0.442, K=O Ut |. Thus, fe Cquilubrun Condshe o Klbe Chaat sehr fred Accordingly , tre Qian date ot Comair tant, .—______. 14-77PROGLEM 14.58 kwewn: At 2000K, COn@ Corb Or Paw Estmate the enthalpy f rvaction urns tte vant Hoff equation ent equilibrion constant data. Compore wrth tee value calealated using onttetrg dete Assomevon: ~The ida gar modal o appli cobte Agomurs: Fearranaping TEISAEE and wsng IKE 2.308 logiel< eR dE = 2.s02R Tulogek Cur aT i ete te Satepe lem Mahe Probl [6 lopekk= Ct = > dtegule = — ae Glecing Meunt Dtts — 2.308R Co a) Tey tee inte [to 5 TS 20004 Using dite Fre Table ADF logy es Set St gio e + @ wove: F207 2 +N] cp2-14 823 K @ rion: 2584 TC Cal rI00 Larngtts faluefe Ce » E400 rise BIN eT yaw s23k) eons = 278,074 KO/eeet Bik= — 2.303 (* Wate dete fro te dant gee Hots Atte hee + tho, — Bee = [Bp a htvoon- Keay), abies F (1000) Taser} gg — Chg +B (om) -Rratieg, > (-tiesse + swot- teen] + A [ on.9tl- rene) ~ [192 r204 coo, tou-asee] 2-277, 884 wT /remo! 277, gba RS /) ) "lo Ths masts op urn Gy 248 (01,09) differ bg Lace ten ou IN-78PROBLEM 14.59 wown At 2000k, Hee Hr +O, FINO: Ethmate the enthalpy of Anadvovusvaythe ven't Hoff and equ librivun conthut data: Compare with th value calevlatid uainy tutretoy date. ASSuMETION: The ddaat gat wedel if epplientQe. ARALTSIS: Rearrangng Eg.l442b and vnng In Kz 2,202 log sol AT= BTtd&K . 2.307 ET dtogok aT oF a Leth ata Tate pola he Anh { Reet rn 4.6 lojo= Ge Ce, dhogor —& Hee Oe ey EB Gilechwy Asuet AH = 2.307 RC, oy) Then teintyns (400s TSAICOK , Warns Leh fran Motte d~ 2F @ \qoom: -3-BRE= M+ Cal 1200 t cps - 13147 K @ wwe: 3.272 G +r (2100 Waring tte Vadis fr Cay Ty rr 22.g03(B- WHET (1347) = 281,727 KT @) AA 2-2-9036 cell ) ee oie dete Arn ter Set gen Abts Dts hare they - hae °. ° _ Treveee) Te 088) Jy, AUIS (aoe) (288) 9 HU, h(2000) -T ase Dare 225160 KT @) me Tas Aut Gur by EGS (2), 03) dahon by Rois tha 03 % (4-74PROSLEM 14.60 Euowns At 2700K , co, => coat a Emr Ssiwe. le re Beimate Hoe cepuilibnum conttend ot ZBOCK Uay, as a K fim Tatts ABE, togetin wite toy vant Saver and enthetny data: Concpecs wits Ho we ol termed fra Tobe Astor 2keoeS ASRMPTION: Tus cdaet gar wed fy Applicable, i “et ARACHIS! THE vont Heth eyueton ey ¥2by fivel open rearrangement dak, gn at BT om Evalenting 2H ardne average of the Values at 20001 and 3000K ) 64 1) DIVE pon Tadeg vation & ne Far CO COAL A 4 date fromthe cde gas bette ques ~ Seve ( 4) @) DHe boos dha - hea > (Ch) + WCr) - hoa Le 1 FRO ~ no), - 56 Te)-Row),,. 2 [RID +R -Tentn Je (Ry Boatl] (Rowe. Cp -Toomn de = Ges pad Togtey Tee, tn [-toys0~ seer] — ways — (orgy sto 42047 Liens bol Tetn + 2794344 Atte ee! OH = Cryer Cane At t= 26@k: f At Ts 2660 k: eae any = (4 7EE +1826 — 144¢—087 4 IHS = 273/737 FTEs 100,404 142732¥% = 277864 ea lene! Te Gave = 275, 81 eDewer, we Pe) Ge In Keng 7 B75,B II Roliemee [ta Sai eS Bag Ea/emt k |,2800 2000, > Bua [3061 KO? Hang Fran Tobe Acd® j at rocote, (05s Ky = -2-864 ) Kj Ka Wah tou Kes 014g Ts Fre Camperiton, Tobie ADF , eB 2BOOK , 109 kg= 0-525, Fo Kas NGG © The aateeKed vate Soi haino.2 Ye 4, tea tebe Velns 14-80.PREGLEM I4.0/ ENown: At 2B00l , H,0Z2 Uy +40, FIND. Esheata tes equils Oriuun continnt at 2K wen, K at 200K Gram TotA-2t, togeter witht vant Hef{ 29 vation and entnetpy date arr with Hoe value obtomed Fran : cotoaey Cop <0 ed Fr Tete h-2F AMUMPTION: The feel gai epuatien fF applreaste. Avacrsis: The vant Hoff equation, 64: '4.dIb, gives upon Fearrangemend ane, at at Et o Evstuetng OU ar the averoge Of the Valuer at 250K And 2BOK, €4-C17 giver Gro rng — Coddave fo we ome a a] “ Fir tho PHL ed OL, date fron ths ‘deat gas totte Sue Bast ho, ~hme ° 2 hu newer ]s 4 = neat’), “Unpe Ble) h 02981) ang . Dee h Fea) ns eta ed Ta Ot) 4 Tana) 2,0) = Biel) ~ CTygevag Ben Traced = Nageuney = Csune ater) Raed t & Boyt) Bigot) #288, US At aroete! Aree 78,460 L (47007) = Loess + 210) = 28 FI Re Teme! At Zee: ft TIES 2 UF 1, FOF Come OH = B4R3E4 £(48, Pre) — (254 (4 que, Gi ane = 28 7H Eee ae MOD Fo B2z4, eps SAIEKIO” Fenn Tebte A-2K, ot VyDVIC, (OF Ky = Kev 2 Garr eo VS 4191) = 0.02 205S~ Fir coeprritm, Tobte AndF , 22 280K, 04, 9lc, = —/658) 50 O02 INE. Pw Emad Veda UH mbes 013% 4 He tebe Vole (4-8)PROBLEM 14.62 Wow: For CatHa SPEHg at 25°C legiok = 8,9. FIMO: Ethmate loge at Seoec. ASSUMPTIONS: (1) The Van't Hoff equation fa appiceagle « (2) AH is constant, AWALYEIS! The vawk Heft cquatton ft given by dhk . an aT ORT TE OH vs conthint a) For CAD CHa, BH IE given ty dH: Reng —Re- 2h, At 2atk, TaWe ADD gives AH ©74,950)~ (0) -2(0) = =74, 850 *3/emel Subst hy ting vatuer fate G4. 0), ere ee a7 re Lins ~ ate] * ks B06 loge KE 2 — 80 om Bec logy ey = B= BG = 894 Le Bie discon of the equillbrives cousinat,_ and 1g. helaroggne rtm im wth shu pure sold a Lyod phase of one lor mere) of the svbetmntes fe preiat induce equilibrio bat hurey ee? tet 3f Maralanenaeler Gy CREWE teccraneere aco PSeertacan te PROBLEM 14.63 KMOWN: For Ca aB Git ee”, Ka O.7B and (S68 at (600k, 2000 K, respechvely, Ew: Eetimete SH at IBook. Famnapiontss (1) Tae vast Neff Qyua bien sf applicable. (a) BH varves only gradually with temperature fren eee 2000 K, AMALYSIS! The vant Hoff equation ff dink. ot dT RT then in Kes = Cabere( 4p -+ in aie a] where GA)ave is the average value of the entheatty of renizahion over the femperatire vange. That Gwe: RAB Gk war (314 UY ore). qa, 30 23 = >To) fret Rao ~ Seu Wy 82PROBLEM 1464 HMOWN: An equilsbrivm mivhire at 200K; latm eonsicthef Cayce, e= Ke 15.63 FMD: TEL emet of Cr it pretent inbally ) delermine the percent jampahen of Cs, ASEUMPTION : Equilibriem can be treated Utrng ideal 9 at mehure Cquilibrcimy concepts. AOALYSIL: ThE fonteaton of Cy te form a vuvnare of Ch, Ct, anden tr deserted ey Ct > U2) Cy tags zen THe oust of miehire Th meee) eae Lee At equilitrivm Cy steam, so Gq: IK3S tees the forw, tetet 2 Ms ke CSUZT/ Pret z' -f{%7"* emer mer aS ae [Ee] With Ka ISG tes becomes 67% Thus) Hee Anovet of Cr in the mivbure is O.091 mol Cs is 96.9% eo dussoewated. PROBLEM 14.65 KMown: At 1000 PR and pressure Py an equilibrium unxtine cousists Ar, act en For Ac 22 Art ne”) K2 4.2K F an (BoooR Erp: Plot the percent ionization of Av for 001 £ pe 0.0F atm some can be treated Using fehal gat mixfore concepts, assum Prien: Equch AMALTELE! “The vomipahmef Ar te form a tachire of Ar, Artyand ert desersbed by Ar > UnB) Act Bart eee” cThe amount of mivhure Ss ne (24reze (42, Ab equilibrium Ar & Arta en, 50 G9: (43S takes the form Cemed eet 5 Sms) tie] Lee Tas =| Khem) 7 Fess-]* tae [Celmet) ED 4 6 aad) 02 045 yon 7 0.05 oot 002 0030.04 0.05 p (atm) 14-83PROBLEM It66 Keown: | Hela Na ionizeste form an ec quill bein Mex ture Of Na, Wal em et Rome and peurep i Hick THe aurent yd No purwent co X Kol. For Na 22 Naty e” at 00K, k= 0.66 FIND: Plot pveriur x for dex cor cwol. “oriom can Be treated Uris idee! gas Mxhre Creer. ASSUMPTION: Equi, ANALTHS! The sonigatin Na te form a wun ture of by Mat, Ono deserted by A Na > x Nat Cex) Nob 4 Cisx) eo The oment fd Ueeheeia WE Ke (I-A) +CI-K) = 2-K- At equilibyiuw Ne @et+e) Ty IE ar fehes tee form C4)*( p/pg) xe) tet were tog 97 Ka ¢ nel ef Hi Peb Sumer 2 0-668, fq + O08 ae. Thess for Pray = | cea o7 os 05 o4 | — p (atm) 03 02 oA o 02 022 «024 «028 «028 «03 PROBLEM 14.67 Kewown: 1 emel of N er te form an equilior itm mmbre of N/Ntande” a4 jc, bate in whch We the amount of A it O.9r mmol: Emp: For NaPNtten, determine I< ASUMPTION: Equilioriem can be treated wsing Weal gas inveDre concepts. Avacrsis: The fomzation 9¢ No fe form an equilrorcnn wine of MMT Ve detetibed by IM > WA) NM a aNteze” Seas 2s armel , TE LOFR UI. ACeordensly O39 > 0@SN 4 oor *4 0,056 The amount of munture fh nt ore mel, At aqulbrivn AD teen, fo Ep (hIs tales the form (ev 2 0. 0104 VW 84PROBLEM 1468 emown: Co, Oa, Nz entre reactor operahng a6 Steky Ste with geet werter fie rate An equilibrium mew bee La, On, Ma, CO, NOY exits at BO00K | Saby Ep: De brace the mele aati J the epinli bern Minctune SCHEMATICS GIVEN DATA Con — Wy rt p e. —pe fie Le, On ma, €0,NOF Me a 1 3000K , Sa hy ASSUMPTIONS: UI) The Contrl Volume theumaboue 4 at steady State | () Edad gar prin pler eppte ARALTHS On Hee bates | neke eck yg CO) 02,M2 entrrag ct Sen Sb. 14 Wetanead beechm aquehin betes form ACO,+ 40, +4 br > (1-B) Cone Bco+ (1+ 8-£)O, +E ND4/(! ge whee BN our entnount, Forti prduch m= 3+ 8/2, At Apel Orivin, there Un depen dat Machin inest be abrefiedl G@) S@a@corin, = £a+4m_ Q2NO For Asathen (Z) with Ky, = O.38272 Fron THOR A-OF ot a ky ua Ge +8. he y = we 2 -E) Peleg) (Be [: Gy o 0.81735 eee 2) [ae HE (3) TE ) Fefenchon UP) with Ka 20:1tte Fre Toth ADF Bool _— fleet] ae he [e2-sy°0- £7 [ B (+s-eu2-e]] and &. Sly Equations (2),(2) ora fun srmwltanaous equehm fr Bend © my) Brora, €20:1208- The, ater Gey.) (-3) Co, + 0-F483 i) O.ree = = Se 0. 20F feon = O25 Be ode~ 2 ‘te cao — : 2 °- 2 0-303 g. 1004 ‘ame? 14-85PROBLEMA 14.68 ( Cont'd) Alternative Solution Using IT: COZ + O2+N2 > (1-b) COZ+ bCO+ (1 +b/2-e/2) 02+ eNO+ (1-e/2)N -b 1-12 1CO2 + nCO + nO2 + NNO + nNZ ACO / ntot | N02 / ntot nCO2/ ntot ‘ANO / ntot ANZ / ntot Haim II For CO2 «> CO+0.5 02 K1 = (yO * yO2"0.5 / yCO2) *(p / prefro.s Ml For 112.02 + 1/2 N2 <> NO K2 = (yNO/ (yO2"0.5 * yN2*0.5)) 11 Look up fog10(K1) in EQCO2A.LUT. log(k1) = LOOKUPVAL(EQCO2A,1,T,3) 11 Look up log10(K2) in EQNO.LUT. log(k2) = LOOKUPVAL(EQNO, 1,7,3) IT Results 14-86PROBLEM 14.69 Kowa: An equimolar mitre of CO and Ho(g) enters a heat evelanger An equilibrum wvhre of C0, COx, 02,140, ord Hy exits ot 2500 K , Lat FIND: Determine the ASIUMPTION! “The equi lar analysis of the equiliberven wmixture. ‘brivim muxmare is modeled as an idealgat Mix hare, Awaursis: The overall reaction har the form COLO we CO, ey HLO + CRIED + Lie Og + Lng) Me The total member ef moles n inthe pasduet weave ts We ag eC ACL ten) a Cogn ® Goney)/a Ad aquclibrrwm ) two Inbe pendent reachions Telate the Components OF the product min tore L Cor @ cost op 2% th B cosmo From Teble A-2Z at rs.01 tha rerpechve values of leqiok are logukis -W44 > ky) 2 0-07GR! logo lat 4 0784 mh Ky > 6.0813S The forms HRMAN by EP IEAT When Pi Maga | arg, respectivelg ey] ayer ve eee TS eae 7 c a Sere Le Glee Solveny shits pairof cmeltnerut equahient fer Kandy x: 0.28806 TOF The equilibriem muy ture on a wale bans (2 then J onetoe cog, o.ru0s Huo, 0:71192 CO , 00004850, 0.29895 4.J=a—— 14-87PROBLEH 14.64 (Cont'd. Altenatwe Solution Us ng 1T IT.Gode 2227 + 273.15 1K Mam MW CO2+H2O ~ xCO2+ yH2O + (1-x) CO+ 12 (1-x-y) O2+ (I= y) Hp, N02 = (1/2)* (1 -x-y) nH2=1-y ntot = nCO2 + nH20 + nCO + nO2 + nH2 yCO2 = nCO2/ntot yH20 = nH20 / ntot yCO = nCO /ntot 102 / ntot yH2 = nH2 / ntot 1 atm MI For the reaction: CO2 <> CO + 1/202 K1 = ((yCO * yO2*0.5) / yCO2)* (p/ prefy'0.5 11 Look up log0(K2) in EQCO2A.LUT. log(k1) = LOOKUPVAL(EQCO2A, 1,T,3) 11 For the reaction: CO2+H2 <> CO+H20 K2= (yCO * yH20) /(yCO2 * yH2) 11 Look up log10(K1) in EQWATGAS.LUT. log(kk2) = LOOKUPVAL(EQWATGAS, 1,1,3) IT Results 0.03634 6.082 7419 kmol Aigo 0.7111 kmol (0004324 kmol 2881 y=O.7ttt (4-88PROBLEM 14.40 KNOWN: A closed versel in‘trally contarns Bho! COx, © tome! CO, and | lomo! Mes An equilibrium mye ce formed at A6P0°R, latm connthing of On, CO yHaO, Hr, 04. Fd: Deterncne tne comporton of the ey cilibriven mixhare, ASSUMPTION! The equilibrrum mixtwre is medeled as An ideal gas wiv Mare. AMALTSIS. The overall reactron har the form COs G COI HAP x COL 4 Gor) CD H(3-M-D4)MLO-F CXaaya2) Mtg OL, The fol number of molar NW tM podvet miepare It Re We lAen) (Deke 2y) a (eerynre y zloty At equilibrium , twe Mnddpendent reactions relate the components Of AM product mow ture: \. co, ae cotdas A He FA From Tote AT at 4l0f0°%R the rerpective valuas of [OGwle are logioky= “h214 a> Ky # 0.06039 loqio Ka* ~2-021 > ky 90953 Toe forms tnken by EG IGIS when Mires #1 are, vespectraly Geri ad*( elect)", C308)" x2 tony > Gety290 92" Ltt! “s(t Bee Gent" [een) * Eeiy Wa" Solving this pair of simultaneous equations for andy ¥: U105SSF ys 0048? THE Equilibrio mie hure OM a Molar bates fs then § A.20884 Co, NYY CD, COSTS IO, OBIT Hy, o0ogss my F a 14-8FPROBLEM 14.40 C Cont'd.) Mtemate Solwhinn Using UT: [TGode T= 4220 + 459.67 /"R p=t faim I 3CO2+6.CO+1H2 > xCO2+ (9-x) CO + (B-x-2y) H2O + K+ 2y-2)H2+y O2 nCO2 =x nc) nH20 = 3-x-2"y nH2 = x+ 2y-2 n02 rntot = nCO2 + nCO + nH20 + nH2 + nO2 yCO2 = nCO2/ntot yH2 = nH2/ ntot yO2 = 02 / ntot pref=1 // atm 11 For the reaction: CO2 <> CO + 1/202 K1 = ((yCO * yO2"0.5) / yCO2) * (p/ pref}*0.5. 11 Look up log10(K1) in EQCO2A.LUT. log(k1) = LOOKUPVAL(EQCO2A,2,T,3) 11 For the reaction: H20 <> H2 + 1/202 K2 = ((yH2 * yO2"0.5) / yH20) * (p / pref)*0.5 11 Look up tog10(K2) in EQH20.LUT. log(k2) = LOOKUPVAL(EQH20,2,T,3) 06034 00952 2.306 Ibmol 3142 lbmol izo = 0.6858 00432 4-FoPROBLEM 14.71 OWN: Ca Hie bores with 100% Oreess ain fe form an egulebsium Met hure at 140ok204tm consating of COL, Oc, HO ly), Re, WO, NOR» FOr PINKO, , ww lHO0K, KE RAK IO® tee rendien Mit ro, renchim epueh om Fimo: Determine the balanced epplieste the Opus oriunn Meek hare ident gas moda ete te there het Assume 1103s: The eyenten for complete Combet hion Avacrsis: THe balanced amwat of aro Caio F GSU eh 2eha) > FOL + THO + 244 Va fencton Fr tombushas with 100% eats ain cathe + 842708] > ACO + BO 2a NO ANA + Foe SH Ci 42%. HE weap, Bs Oo: tes 4 Se tae dor ew Sy Ue ESA -2b Wi BEA CDS Dat abe 2S SH Be 4B B-Ab 6438-6 Toe ht gmat] evhure & At stulubrivme hace ata tue veactions apple cable! 4. Mate BNO 5 KF 19H KIO (osteA-72) 2. Matte, Bano» Kes etnrs!? — Céiven) Aceocdenpy thes on Hes constraldt tht debmuns a and 6 f Exe hn [ rie] ste, IARC” [Ge aan Jes aay] _—— ws a) * Feerse-a-nJlesa-26]] aia ~be Gel” elt @) Selviey E46, L) Simel msevily resurte ve <4 gtN BUKIT NOw Ch Hig + (B(043.70MK) > 460,4 SHrot 345K is — + 649204 + 48,762 Ne ac brank8 b= 2.000410" Tee mache 2puahe Gf 1 Using Kay's rate (ee B) te evateate Te for tse Mev harey A can be Confirmed thatyhecmmer 9b th. relahuely lagi Rete tan feeprchere: MOOK y TR fr THe wearare HE large eneny fer Toe Adick foo ured TG he appt ble 14-41PROMEA 14.4) Contd.) Alt So! Using UT. [TCode T= 1400 1K p=20 i atm K2=8.4E-10 MI CHAO + 43 (02 + 3.76 N2) > ‘4. CO2 +5 H20 + xNO + y NO2 + (6.5-x/2- y) O2 + (48.88 - x/2- y/2) NZ miNO2 = y NO / ntot 102 / ntot I Forthe reaction: 1/2 N2+ 1/202 <> NO Kt = (yNO / (yN2*0.5 * yO2*0.5)) 11 Data from Table A-27 are stored in EQNO.LUT. log(K1) = LOOKUPVAL(EQNO,1,T,3) I] For the reaction: N2+ 202 «> 2NO2 K2 = (yNO2"2 / (yN2 * yO2"2)) * (p/ pret {TResults K, = 0.001941 4 kmoVkmol(CaHi0) 5 kmol/kmol(CaHia) Ayo 0.03454 kmol/kmol(CeHio) ‘yoo = 0.0007319 kmolkmol(C,Ho) No = 6.482 kmoVkmol(CaHic) ye = 48.86 kmol/kmol(CyHio) 14-92PROBLEM [4.72 KMOWN! One Ibmol of Hi0lg) dacsoccater fo form an egurli bri eum minke at S000, latm consichny ef Hs0l3),Ha, oa) OM Ed: — Determnne the eyurlbrium compost hon, ASSUMPTION? The Adeal gay wedel applies fe the Cquihbrrem Merhare, Awacesis. The durectation reachon bas tes form 1 WO > ate Bat TOW te Hee fn aae Yerer By Ks ewe 1a ag) -o/, Os ape ter Sp we PBT > 2 apt he toht amount of tmmnare oe ne (aperh)e oe ve (e2a-t) 2 4 A+e At apurlohriwmn thee are few applicable renctrons 1 Hoe mth Oe) Kye 0020) CrteA2a) 2 tho 2 Owed HL) ky = 0.02157 (16s ADF) Recorbanyiy trent O44 fey censharnte thee detranne fA ond aa At bat aloe “(ee Lleecf Ow Toaa-vd ask Year" a Pi Pes coup, Lyles)” one U-2p-6] “pay” - Ga ESE 4) Soluiny Cys), (2) Smet rmaevtly cesmtte ac Ar overtl, 520.06 The Dquslibewan Competihon 1S then, per Wooo | Hao cachelly pret { oonta Ha, 00341 On, 14-93 0.06 on, 0 $718 HK) J -<—_——PRoBslem 14.42 CCont'd.) Alte So! IT Code 000 1/°R atm W H20 > aH2+b02+cOH+dH20 +0l2+d I! H2balance +0/2+d)2 I/ O2 balance atbtetd yH2 = a/ntot yO2= b/ntot yOH = c/ntot yH20 = d/ntot pref=1 // atm 11 For the reaction: H20 «> H2+ 1/202 1 = ((yH2 * yO2%0.5) / yH20)* (p/ pref)*0.5 11 Data from Table A-27 are stored in EQH20.LUT log(Kt) = LOOKUPVAL(EQH20.2,1,3) I! For the reaction: H2O «> OH + 1/2 H2 K2.= ((yOH * yH2"0.5) / yH20) * (p/ pref*0.5 11 Data from Table A-27 are stored in EQH20_OH.LUT. log(k2) = LOOKUPVAL(EQH20_OH,2,T,3) (TResults 0.0201 0.02147 09828 Ibmol 9.03376 Ibmol (06153 Ibmol ‘8709 lbmol 14-44PROBLEM 14.73 KNOWN: Steam enters a heat exchanger. An eq cil'b rium mix hve Of 2% HeOr yt, and OH exits at atm endiaprson K , (b)3000K~ ED: Determine the molar analysis ef te equilib riven mixture, ASSUMPTION: The equilibrium mivtvre és modeled as on idealgar mivivee. AWALTSIS! The overall reactton has the form TH,0 > Cir ab) Heo + (av b-c)hnt S04 Ze H+ BOM The total wumberof Moles hath product minhire ff We Crnanbls G@th-c) +8 42e tbe te Qekae ot Palace 1 fete intapenient feacbrons rede the Componenti at Me ve: "Ho Hs ho + the @ M+ OFF Gi Bou (2) From TobleA-2F at 2BOOK tne respective values [Og eK are 2 loge kyr M658 FD ke Coriae loge Ky = tee 2 ey = 0.02377 > 0, 00664 loge Kye -2 The forms daken by 64-1425 when P/Agst are, ““" in _ Gk NC" 2 ) . Gt )(tte ah Garey NRE 8:* (Shae) ‘ Ye Gagne dG) ellod — e att-e y a set yh ite act = Gelb Pip a ky = Be | eles titty (ork -OC+ Saba) (and 0 LORE Solving Hace set ef Simvlinmens egeah ens for 6,4, onde as 0: 070754 , 6: 0.0674, = 0.013324 The equilbrivin wikhre On A molar basis ft then { #S5IM tho, 0.097374, 0.0383770; , 0-026 Ht, 0.0677 out 2 14-95PROBLEM !4. 73 (Contd.) (0) From Table A2E at Jooor tHe aespechie values [ojo one logigks = = 1.349 Sp ky 50,0487 logy = 1267 Sy Ky o0r¥s7 logy Eyz =. 606 37 y> 002477 Solving the st 7 tyvahens cmtidered partial guees 2 O.nse8 , b= OIBIZ, Cs 0.03202 Tee epithe mechare om a Mele ats 1 then F o7e2 Hee, oN CR Ma, 0.06284 0, , O.0CHEH, 0 ered $ -@—— Alternative Sols [TGode p= iam 1) H20 > aH20+bH2+cO2+dH+eOH 1=a+b+d/2 i/ H2 balance 12=al2+e+el2 i! O2balance +b+cedte Tntot 1 -H20 « H2+1/202 1 Reaction 1 W H20 «© 1/2H2+0H 1 Reaction 2 WH2 2H 1 Reaction 3 Kt = ((yH2 * yO2"0.5) / yH20) * (p / pref)"0.5 K2 = ((yH2"0.5 * yOH) / yH20) * (p/ pref)*0.5 (yH"2 / yH2) * (p/ pref)! 11 Data from Table A-27 are stored in EQH20.LUT, EQH20_OH.LUT, and EQH2.LUT. 11 Look up log10(K) in the appropriate tables. LOOKUPVAL(EQH20,1,,3) LOOKUPVAL(EQH20_OH,1,T,3) log(3) = LOOKUPVAL(EQH2,1,T,3) ITResuts Part (a): T= 2800 K 8719 kmol 0.03162 kmol 0.02894 kmol oy = 0.06481 kmol Part (by: T= 3000 K 7884 kmol 4-%PROBLEM 14.74 KROWN! The ry stm ft a po tqus ys puo—phaie Iiguid-vepor mentee 4 (A) Water (0%, (6) RIB4a at 20%. v % - FIND: — Using talealated property data shew that ag Bg, AWALEHE: G@) At 1008C ) Table AL2 giver Wye Ataog esas hge 267d erly Spe 2004 et) Rak S45 72509 Raleg tC Then with ge he Te © Ape hg -T 8g = 41904 ~ GrUT\ 1-208) = - 6ROS KTM Dye a Tsq 5 271 COMBINES 6 8 etl We) At 20% ) Table A-l0 gi vee hes 77.26 ealeg bigs 298-36 ealey SE= 0.2934 ealeg Sy rotten RIES Thee, Gite ge hos gg = Tre Garileaeeed 2 — BAST RRR ~ @. 44s e9]R9 4g L Apkwupes ns OGBIy sg-8peOnynf)/T Bem ange in phate from Satvated Avqud te tatvated Voper at T That SMaeteg path ee apt ag, THe ME Jfleence To'tne eatcutated volnet Of qyend Qf cwert witnvie runoff and sigi'fres a shght iatoulenry te teble values. ase.r -Q93ir)(6-m02) = PROBLEM 14.757 See tus respective problems wi Chaptyr il fer solutions. (4-47PROBLEM 14.76 enowns: A phate of Iquid water only fe in eyuilrbriom with morst afr at Zo%, tbar pmb! Delernine He depertere, {a perctnt, of Ne partal pressure of the Waters Vapor fron tne gabeshion pretiute of pure water at Lore. ScHemane ¥ VEN DATA ASSUMPTIONS: (1 The gat pitie can be modeled ar an D Navid prase Mmvetett Genter only. ideal gas (2) The AWALYAE! Proceeding at im Ewanple 14:10) the following result rs obtained ®% ez exp We lh Peatd me + Behe Pet) w Wises duke from “Table AL at 20%, vgs hoor® xicT wTlhy) Pats 0.02277 bar, 50 TEL p= Peat) 5 [reoorg vio"S mtg ] C1602 #4 12oe) (I= on0n339) KF N/n™ RT Pertg Wem femal ECR] = 2s xo Equahon () teen grees Bes exp (722807) Peat = 0007, When exprenied are percentage the deparhare oh Py from Peat it @ (Seq Bet Ye s (400072-1) (lee) 0.072% [Review note tof Example [4.0 2. Rewewmetet of Example (410 4-98PROBLEM 14.77 Known: Graphite ond clramend exist in epuilibrivm at 25°C, Pp, FIND: — Derwe an expression for ethwating the prsstur Fino. pression e * pusture Bp Ferme of Wy Gand the tteitarent’ Commas bility OF each plese of 25°C, latin ASSUMPTION: The \sotharmut oo ib Loh Kod comttont witht pesiure, AMALWSIS By EVIbST , at equillbrum G Caste, p) = 9/l2s°t p) is Zand GY denote He wselar Gibbs fmchonr of graphite and diomend, asapectively. To evaluate te moler Cibht fonctions sedative te Tog = 25% Pugs bate, begin wit 2-123 Smee TF fired 89 =Vep o) pio, oo fired T tee Hifetenten of VOD p) ee yr = (2% (Beats KV $=), 47 TE Ke Cag tree) veo Talege Kon of fixed, 20 Ke Re o ECT, pd = Teta, Pug) eC Kcp-Pag)) @) Comming Hs (0, (2), and ata gretiy e BU Ten, p) — Crag, Pog) > F Coats Pap) celal eromnrl], 7 Cea tes)| exp > O-n4))-1 1 Tron, wate Teepe tstt Mags late aot fe udihe F = 7 Fest le) — TSG La) exp(-KCp= lad) - 1] = % (3) Al (esty lots) — VG Lah) enpl— 6 pola) 1] K Equatn(8) bee 2 ingle ae leone: tine partons p. rue 2403) Spon petal cn teen GO me Gor exon plane ot 25°C, late y-99PROBLEM 14.78 KNOWN! An ‘eolated system hat two phasety A and B, Gach phate consitts of Ake name tay tubshncet yl And 2 END: Show that candehont for equilibrivs are di TarTy, 2 Pathe, 8: AAs 8) ns 8, ScHemane h ewen DATA fp LLL 3 Al‘ns Ie Ayn Ie D[rareaaitaa’ [remain |C FFFIFAPA AIFS OD TRE C]stem hewn in the Accompanying figure iz isolated i4ca) lo appiccable 1 each phase. (h) AandB de not reect mith oneawter, AWALTEIS: According to E4.14.3 Ong precest of an utelated ty ttenn Mest wehsty dSTuny FO. Tats inaicater that the entropy of On frolated mereates during On urreverrible proces, Tach fHp of the procert feiult inan wereate Wt the entropy of the aythen and brings the ysHun Cloter te equilioriem THe eqvilibrime state a the one having the sneccmum unlue of S. Therefore, when dSluveo w phere is equilibeion, Fir the isolated syste under present courderahion, dSzdSy ad8g, Using 64: Inlida. to evatuate Sq and dSg yraspech vely, we ger ’ e 80a, feava Hanh dat and) [EP 4 Be ave-Al ane ae dn?) ase [ SBE + Rave aan chant] [SF 9 Bate dtanteaedne) For the (solated syitem, tre thet energy, tote volume, and tuted wart fw each tuletinnee are constant: in dUpnsdUgro, UUA4ANAO, dnfeants oj dngisdm so @) Tate de cing EPO fate EOD baat A tad anf aat ase [an ty}es LA ~ BIS [SE Medan’ Ba Ae Jan og Eq. C4) Shaws that in feelcray the Mani mum in So the independent Vorreblas are Un, Vb, WA,andm’. Netertery condch ont for a Uranimein are 3S 235.35 228 20 We WR OA Un che fest of there condiWens requires a-ie: = Tas’ _ Roteto THT From tne second R-& =o => A=Pe -—— With the wemarncng tie condsfons Ht. 8 Sam? AS fo = 4,48 <——__ Bw fio =m, HE, AE dhe > Mey 14-100PROBLEM 14.79 KNOWN: An isolated system has duo phases, A and By each ef witch comets 6 He game Hee Fabetwes, land 2, The phasis are teparated &y m freely weving thin well permenvie. only by sebstane 2 Fin i Delermine the necessary tondvhens for equi (ber em [Paasen Prase B | suse | siuctaneat |e Eowtewe? | Suvetenre 2 1h PA +5, pe one | weve CT freaty moving thie fete pay oy ASSUMPTION” UW) The Syston conreti ef phase A plas phase G=W=0 and thive ave ove Kepereted by = Q) For tee sateen, he binehe /poteubal €ntryy effects. (2) Tre phase freely moving, Hain Weal! permentbs only by 2, Awaurs The eppreprate Cquilibrvn criteria for this Gia Eqeahen M3 os eg Wise, case. 15 obtained AS]u v= 0; where dS= dS*4dS8 Trroeiny dus. TAd SAW phav'’ + Mpa + ai aoe dut. Te ast— phave 4 BEC Since the wet tae ant G parmectie only by preset We techy far phen Cannot Champs, ae te thee Hes lao feet dropped cite tn passion above Substance 2) tHE Otersh A] svoctunce | Sivas te contecner ih rigid ok insula Bd, Jot vole it constant 1 dVOa-dV* bt ewrsy a combent ¢ dt = -i0* Cettecting result: A A avr us ant 7 ashgys [eBt +g te aon] [8 See USVAME con br vered Hdpententiog dt fellees FHT when Slegy TO dhe dens es THE paren thease mest vanish Thive fore, the crbera fp equilibrium ore The TE (henpercbire Fee Seune tacts please) o ph = pe (pressure us the rame si each phase) A Add = HE —Ccnement petenhel sf tained a tee tame esaeeetpiren) x e 1 There fe ae rerbrehen 0 AeA ce wat, 14- lolPROBLEM 14,80 EMOWN An siolated syste has tun gas phase) A and 8, act: ween conch of argon and helium, The phases are Stparake d by & Feely toting) than Wall permenthe only to 9°g.on, Tahal data 11 provided Frey: ting te aural of Paoblem I$TT, de terme te final Oger hbrioin fem perature, prrsture, and Compotihen ts fea two phases Rigid, insula fed Wall Tee) [POMB) [mtemer) | Yaw | Ye a [20 for |e fos fos sa |4o for |= los lor Breety moving, thin well permeable only by Arjen ASSUMPTIONS: (1) The idealpahons ef Problem HIF eply (2) TWeal gas primesples apply tt gas Mew haves . : ARALXSIS: An enerty balance reperes OU AU“, AU"=O , where DUNS (rh g Bale) = BWI OM Tale) wh SRT] OUT. (nb g TAG me RylTe I~ Cmts Bale) + oe QT) se, ge we [atoe ame Been) = bycBer) ab centr © CEC Hath EO ECT ite agemp ede Ube yemre Mees Mids 4, WoT Oe nde [Ba - Balt] 4 Me, (CRe (H)- BACTII + me CEH BACTA] + Mg (Bal) - Ener) ) Fv tenatrc gases SRV AT whe yo aw comsbrnt. So, thes bees afer puranye mnt pee wees _ Co \Cae0n) + 5408) wey Obs ant Ae Ee en nase ane )T Ax Goes +n) 7 « ata at Mase a ha % Gana (eM) = spec % Tae fetal Volume oo unchanged, Thus Dy = OAT z sate wre TH © WI NGEES) 5 0.8) pe TES mea ere” Gen) rr eT wine gait], tes The final Comrtramt ts MA =H at tee feat shete wacom Gag yee. Tete - A Bs oaks my ts ene) ay ameter, Mets SOF npn keene abges (Tne) +L Recordin 60 Te Fark eye li mrrem ste Phase A cottnins Si2 Teme gg regen ahd 8.0 femal oy Whaler Plt 8 comity HIF Keel frgeen met (12 fee Helv n 14-102PROBLEM 14.91 KWON! An ideal gas waviare at T and Pp tentmining sumstanre K Ie teperated By Hemi permcabic membrane from a gar phate of pure m at T and Pr Elwd: Determine the relatonthiip between Pp and p’ fer there to be no net trantfar throng the Membrane, scnematic # GIVEN DATA: ee Permeavie only tok ' [seater |! we i ued) 1 SSS --J ASSUMPTIONS: (1) The sys hem ip thom fa the O&Com jramy ing Figure. (2) The Ges michre and the pure phare can be modeled ar eal gases. (3) THE Trembrane allewe only & te pass, AWALY SIS: Fillowing Hedarcussion of Secie,] , there weatd be no net fantfer of K when 4ne Chamccat pottnhial of Koon fhe Muy hure equals the chemical polentral of pure KE Meyminture + Hey pare w Wry Epl4tt Ate, pure = FCB PY), and with Ey. (4-16, Memintare = Felt 4eP). Thur © 4.01) becomes Felt yep)= Telop) => plsyeP «——____ Trat iy the pressure pl of #he pure phase mort equal ¢he partial pressure of kin the wivhare, PROGLEM (4.52 KMOWN: A tyshem involves (a) ene component, (Wb) Hee components, Ce) three componencts Determine the mavimem nvin ber of homogensovt phases that eI ean evitt at equilibrium. No reacts taker place, assumon AMALISIS: Equation 14:68 summarizes Gibbs’ phase rule, On rearrangement PS 2tN-F wnere Noe tne number of Com ponentt and Pir the number of pharer The value of Pip qventert when F, tre deyrrer of freedom is leat: 2ero, Thus, when FO Pr2tNn a) te) NEL ap ps3, ) NBL P24.) NAR, PRS. A 14-103,PROBLEM |483 KNOWN: Various a , ices Seige agree oe pee kes ASSUMPTION! Ne teachin aceurs, f Ud/eE Of Freedom, ABARTELE: Equation (4.68 Summarizer Gi'egs’ phate rale: Fz 24n-p w Where Fit tne numbered denaer wey Ni ond Pit the number ofa Freedow, MW ie-tne nom berof com panenit, @) ice and liquid Water | NEI, P22 Fr @el-uel (0) fey Nequid water, water vege Far4i-820 N=, Pes GW) avid water, water Veper F Nat, Ped Porern22/ (3) water voper only: Wet, Poy Fe rerer = 2 Ce) water Vopery ayy ares N=2, Pal Cary air regarded asa single component) Ferer-1=3 (6) Maud water, woken vepers dey air? ce Single component) Fe wer-222 ded as NED) PRD Cry aie aes GG) Tee water vaper, deg eiet A Hngle Compo: Nx 2 ,P22 © bey air vesardedas Ferer-222 Ui) Meand On at rote, lated Nez, Pel, Fe 2¢2-123 «) Liquid and vapor phaser, ach Containing ammonia and water? Nz2.Pe2. Fe atteed O) Liquid mercury, Lieuidwaler, vapor phase of mercury and water! Nz 2) P33 Fe 2+t- Note: Water and mercury are fmm ivecble, and that form tue (aed phases (©) Liqucd acefmre ond 9 Vepor plea f acetone and Res N=2, P22 Fe2e2-222 1-104PROBLEM 1484. LUD? Develop the phate rule for ehemcatty feacting systems Awauysis! Tf thave 1s 0 chemeat feachon Withen the syshw, dna, comshhueed! cre net Completely independent. Fir example, if 1he Conshbents A,B,C) D vader go the reaction At Ye D2 %C+YD Uhust san ddchonet mdapendent eguchon According ny the member of wadependent equahens @ PNCP-I)TIP. The nember ef varvavles PLN A]42, as om peBs. Accordingly, the number ef, Mzucs 4 freedom ts F = (pcwen er d -LNC-O417 2 (W-1)-P 4D Th 6 nembee t) om pres ante tether the form Fe (N-r)-Pt2 Armebins occur, Say F Peachey, toe ——____ PROBLEM 1485 KmowN: Thegas phat Aeactian: CHa + H202 Co+ 3H, Emp: Datermune toa number of depuse 4 freedom. ABSUMPTION! There cc ae tingle indapendent reaction AWALTEE Apppliging Hae aagedt of Prablen 14:84, te member of degetss A Freedom ve Fiotbf independent) feachonst1 oO > (4-1) -tte = F a Te speefy tite system, ore ueght give velour fw Typ amd Hee Wole frachate fh any tuo di tes four umponent . -105PROBLEM |4-86 Keown: Twe cases are idenh'fied invelung a tuo-phare liquid Vopr Omir ured Sy Stn at Pepe Tad pettnt P: (4) Ta208e) mole Freche g BAZ UTA dequid plete c 0% r @) T= 40%, pair ber + Emp: Ca) Detvanne pis bar, ok te teele rach ang Mita Tes vepen plore. Cn) Detrmuns he Hoole Freche Hy oi each tie pheda: ASSUMOTION? Rowat's law % applicable. ARALYSIS: Ca) For tee Stqurd phase Gray TF O.2e. By Raoults leur, Hee pachret permanente Vepor 2 O.TO. Thue, A Follows tot phone oe Rou = +8 Pasty tony (20%) = 08 C BS TER ber) = W861 bar Rtable aid = bar . - oc) = 0.2 (O.0233Ghani) 22008 Pov 0-2 Aa Gore) Te awe AD Teen fe tev ope pene pe Peat Pov = C80 t0-00F = G BbGbar . —<—___—___p Atse, fete Vege phere) Prnige xn Ps Se © ams Bets Gee ott —*» (o) The parkeR procures y te V bese tum te gine tea Syste Tee carte emer a tee vera ae Ie bers= Baye Row a) Accerdiny & Raoultis (aun ee Pugs Yroug Prat worts (40%) = Yoory (1y.5va br) @ Puy ~ co PC) = Guy (0-078 EY bar a) v= Ywoy Preto (40%) = Guy ( en alse, 1 gent Yow @) 6 95:00- (4) pee, ta town % Yoong (15a Bart) C= gong) (o-073ed eer ) Sevens) Gungs O-FPE Many PB. Thin, S5:0) ws te Obi 20.771 pe (oa7d( 15.549 bar) = Xiuty C1 Ber d © > bye Co71t Mes-#4). 9.484 <—__. ¥nw, a ry eee Come ter oper phene F Weary ol Aintwrn . TH suet amt | aly v. we TR G02 Plea o eperfnt COSTE LOTTA oe Lagi te apace phe Doce 14-106