Networks Definitions:

CH1 EXPLORE THE NETWORK

Clients and Servers

Hosts: end devices connected to network

Servers:software that provides information

Clients computers with software installed enable to request and display information eg

FireFox

Peer-To-Peer
computers that carry out several roles at the same time
LANs,WANs, Internet:
Network Infrastructure:

Devices: physical elements

Network Devices:
1)End devices
2)Intermediary Network Devices:

-connects end devices to network

-connects multiple individual networks to one internetwork

-ensures data flows across network

-FUNCTIONS:
 regenerate and retransmit data signals;
 maintain information about what pathways exist through the network and
internetwork
 notify other devices of errors and communication failure,
 direct data along alternate pathways when there is a link failure
 permit/deny the flow of data based on security settings
3) Network Media: Metallic wires with cables, Glass or plastic fibres, Wireless transmission
Services: network application: email/web hosting services
Network Representation
Types of Network

1.Size of area covered

2.Number of users connected
3.Number of types of services
4.Area of responsoibility

LAN:s
 small geogr. area, eg enterprise, home,…
 managed by IT departments
 interconnects end devices in limited area
 single organization
 high bandwidth to internal end devices

WAN:
 wide geogr. area,
 managed by multiple SP
 interconnect LANs

MAN: between LAN and WAN

WLAN: wires
SAN: Storage Area Network
Internet:
 connection of LANs and WANs

Connections to internet:

Home : DSL, Cable, Cellular, Satellite, DialUp Telephone

Business: Dedicated Leased Lines, Metro Ethernet, DSL, Satellite

Network as a Platform
Converged Networks:
Research Convergence:

1.Definition :
The idea that different sequences of transformations come to a conclusion in a finite
amount of time. In computer science it mat be understood as the ci=ombination of different
media forms for instance audio, video , telephone network,data communication,

eg Mobile Device, Computer, Radio, camera or Skype, YouTube

Network Architecture

1. Fault Tolerance
2. Scalability
3.Quality of Service
4.Security

1.Fault Tolerance:
redundancy(alternative path if error
occurs)

2. Scalability: new users can join

without internet being disturbed
3.Quality of Service:
Congestion occurs when bandwidth
is exceeded than available amount

4.Security: 2 types:
1.network infrastructure security :
physical securing
2.information security:
protecting information that are
transmitted over the network

3GOALS:
confidentiality- only authorized
person

integrity- no change of data during

transmission

availability-reliable access for

authorized persons
Security Threats

 Hacker Attack
 Worms, Trojans
 Spyware, adware
 Data interception and theft
 identity theft

Security Solution

 antivirus, antispyware
 firewall filtering: block unauth. access
 dedicated firewall system: more advanced firewall capabilities with more granularity
 ACCESS CONTROL LIST(ACL): filter access and traffic forwarding
 INTRUSION PREVENTION SYSTEM(IPS): identifies attacks like ZeroDay
 VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORKS(VPN): secure access to remote worker
 CH2 CONFIGURE NETWORK OS

IOS Bootcamp

Operating Systems

end and network devices require an OS

KERNEL: portion of OS that interact directly with computer, manages connection between
Hardware and Software
SHELL: portion of OS that interfaces with application and user(CLI & GUI)

Purpose of OS

Computer: mouse selection, enter text, view output on a monitor

Network OS: use keyboard to run CLI based network programs

Telnet: TCP Port number 23, older protocol, not most secure, plain text

Secure Shell: remote access, secure