a a erred eee Ta M. TYRA es aeNow on stall care pe teunches ! QUANTITATIVE APTITUD CAT (Common Admission Test) PEE Eig Pies: Ro 380 "Rasa an the Previous Papers \Conins each and evry chapter fm which guests aré asked Pilly soe att ay to eamprcent ‘Uses sadentiendl language Proves concep gush techniques ee cai or every CAP esprant K Kunlan & P Pandey Contents Chapters aw to Prepare for Maths Additiongo~ Mutiny, Deg Sausing Cube” Tichrena Lean Tratons > Decimal Fractions 7 Elementny Algebme Sunde Nob Syteme Binary Siem “ Pormataion gt Combisaiouf vo Poabiity & Ratio atl Pepoton Partrerehion Penentge aren Frotlons seed on Agi Profitand Lees Site intesty, Compornd inetd alligion« Thine ent Wor, Work and Wages Pipes and ister ‘Timeand Disa Tain Steams on PageNo. v 3 9 3 a 3 % 9% Bs 141 182 1 209 2s 245 23 309 319 327 31 aor aL 453 489 301 529 5533 2 3. 35 36. Blementary Mensuration “1 Blementexy Monsuration «IT Series Data Sufficiency Data Analysis ‘Trigonometry wm 363 593 617 6st 1 Foreword ‘Whee did vouserp this momning? AUE.35, id yontoach your dtostinetion in time? Ves, [anived 10 minutes eater even though | got up five minutes late. T wily walk but tacay I took a bas. Why note ‘ai! lant stor? Raster, yes. But in my case ae speed of the bus was, sufficien: Besides, ¥edhzpated tae tates ofthe bye nieans of trumnport and concluded that sakiig a xt would mean incurring usnezessary expenditure ‘Wow! what a clever guy! Saves money, saves time, Dogs he Jno some magic? Tse a student of occult siences? Na, doer Hein ordinary mortal ike any of ys. tke exades fs inconsvon confidence, thanks to his ability compute at magical pace. Incter words, Quicker Maths is an asso:st every step of one's lie By Quicker Ma, the book means speed and socurzey at bath ‘smmple mimerial operations and complex probiems. And itisheertening that fhe Book takes iate account afl kinds of problems that one may ‘encounter in the ordinary nun oie ‘There are several hooks one comes actoss which tuke care of problems asked in ceaminations. Bat they are emwentional and prove selutions with the help of éatail mod, This book provides yeu bots the Geta as well che quicker methods: Aud itis i che lator chat the ‘book is inesissble. That the book provides yo hotk dhe methods is & ‘pointer fo te fit that you see bein Ted its faith whore you have ‘o blindly fellow what the guru sys. The conclusions have been rlien- ally drawn, The book iherafoce serves 8 a guice -the true function af a ‘ger - and onoe you get well-versed with the book, you will feel ferspowered enough to evolve formulas of your own, I think the sal magic Les therot Atthe same time, scare study ofthe book endows you with ‘the magical ability 1 ane at an answer with seconds. There may be some semi-edocaled persons who smear al this value ef the book. Can you beat a computer? -a vontampivous question ie esked. Abserd ‘question, For one, tae globe is yet to get sullicieatly cqmipzed with ‘computers. Two, even when we ents: fulledgad htech age, let us hope itianot atthe cost of our mines. Lat nol computers and calculaors become the proverbial Frankenstein's monster. The mind isa healtiy woonganandcomputing health ston, Comps answer EeTipeetate resid nt ocosanelh 7 Maton ait othe ain be isis cacnoers every intial. Inwotofte examina even celebs en Seren sc rompates And tanto a hail eck ves weer an Yoo rea randero his bok, you cat defini (Rove fone mex aes the. ona dt secs has hos = feof taka vcived ith bo oval hos stat who are Barn op Seve tt Mathematics Marutis at an amazing 200 kesph, the book definitely ane reute amc Ata seve tod re lh pope cation asssty acs, ete = oo Tee ip sumone gldeans enon rude enioy ie ide. eae her ape ig nical pers, ce nus ofthe bok vi acre ae rowel eel AP seme times en esmaige makes emly scare ast the lings Fe eer aes ct at yoa vss eth Quis Method kes ing very es eee ihe Cok proves ou speed ota ie cont off. ot mores etna Cvis bat Rt sa orgie cat, One 0a Shan ft gi Chetananané Singh [Bditor, Bathing Services Chronicle Author's Preface We a1 Banking Services Chromicte (BSC) analyse suudcats’ problems, IFaatudont isnt ubleto periomn wellatan exem, cur researcit froup members try 19 penetrate rhe student's payche end get athe raots ‘of the problems. hn the course of our discussions we found that the ‘mathemati section often roves tats the Achilles” heel for cost ofthe students, Letters om ony students cleanly indicated that thei problera ‘was nat that they could sot salve the questions. No, the questions asced ngeneral competitions aroin fit ao easy that most ofthestucdents would secure a cent por cent scor if it were aot for the time barrier. The ‘problem: then i: INABILITY TO SOLVE the question INTIME. ‘Unfortunately, chore was hardly aay ack available (0 the student which could take care of the sime aspect, And this prompted the [BSC menibers to scton, We desided 9 offer a comprehorcive book with ‘our atention tawmeied a the twin alvantagé Gicton: speed and aecwracy. Sources were hunted fot: Vedic Math=mstizs to compater progres ‘mings. Our ara waste gol everything beneficial from wherevecpossible. ‘The moateacourtoted questions were categorised. And Quicker Meh ‘ods were inol.pontly atived at and &idgently verified. Flaw dees the book lelp save yous time? Probably all yo lvarat by hear the muliplication-tabies as children, And you have also been told cht muliplication isthe quicker method fora specific typooF ‘udition. Simialy, there exits = quicker method for lanost every type ff problems provides you ara well-versed with sonte key determinaats and foeranas, Tor the benefit bl yrerstanding we have also given the detail method and how we ariveat te Quicker Method. However, for practival purposes you toed not delve too mucin the theory. Concenteate on {ye seorking formula instead. For the benefitef non-mattermatie students, the book takes core to explain the aleuged terms in an ordinary language. So that even i€ you are vaguely familie with numbers, the book will prove [boneticial for itis selGexplanatary. “Tie mathealiessardent are celatively in eornfbrabeposi- tion, They da ii bavota maks ae effertto understand the concepts. But ever i their caso, there are certain aspeeis of questions sed in the oicoonptive cams shih havebecaletby Cham untonshet sine shoot Shyu So arevatoain cot ‘eine ca of every stn, Soween te wigu seing propo siete bon ssn aby o mcrae snes prblemsoling ae ie con Sas bean Obsoval proceed mcbodialy. Agra ies he wae for snp comes crap. Te ee Rom anv expe lowed by Oars. Assent chap emer uy wil efaly akin 2 eked mpowenen of be TERLey este spond Toe stent ate sgt son ther Cathet al oggeon eit innovemen ‘Rad Hate os extn tank ol Tose wo ave payedestcn neg dbo va oto tieseadr. speily tha Pestana Py for having played 2 Key wel ia roctiog tie Stour Cheanand Sigh fre setcaloon cng of ebook See A Nijan Bhar fox aving sey verded the ral, Mc Sif Sagh's aloud ecitans cannot be orgoen, Fenda key aoe mn ove gap, The angen caved Fors Mi lait, acy Bhar Sr Napendrs Xeon Sake, Me Sandecp SE A oan Kae, ay Kame Rij ana, Me Act Fee NSM Singh somneae, hasbeen walublo, And ans to Air ridecy Qupl for pening Preface to the Second Edition It is.a grea pleasure to aot that Magical Book om Qvicker “Mache continues 3 be poptior mong the students who are looking fer Detter sults inthis ctethroat World of competition. This ook has ‘rough thenew cénceptaf time saving quiekermethad in mathematics, ‘Sa mimy other publications have ced to publish similar books but sone ‘auld reach even close to it, The vason is very simple. tise fst sod the origina! book of 1 kind. Others can only be duplicate end not the driginal. Some people cau even print the duplicate ofthe samo book. It ‘wl prove dangerous to our publication as well as io our reader. So, tmnggost our readers to confirm thecriginaliy ofthis boo before buying, ‘The contimesion is very simple. You can. ind a tuec-dimvensional HOLOGRAM on the cover page ofthis book. ‘This edition has boon extensively revised. Mistakes jut fst dition, have been corrected. Some sur chapters like Feamutation- Covthinatipn, Probability, Binary System, Quadratic Expression st. ‘ave been troduced. Somme old chapters ave beerstewrittan, Hope you ‘ll os find this book more eonipeehensive and roe usefol . oo Preface to the Third Edition ‘The patter of question paper as wel a5 tae standacd of quos- ‘ions have changed over the past couple of years. Besides Penmuation- ‘Combination an Prcbabilty, quosions from izonomtry = in the fora cof Height and Distance-have also deeuinrodoced Ip chapters Hee Data Anas Daa Sinan Sas, ew ype of wena ng || With te abowe contest in tind, a ee mew chapters eve been jntodacad anda few old ones eskrpes, Important Previous Exam ‘questions have boon added to almost al the chapters. But they have been added in larger nambess in the chapters spevilly mentioned above. ‘An introductory chaptec has boon added on "How te Prepare Joe Maths", | suggest going through this chopter before siting eny sarge. A revision in the cover price was fong due. The fist edition £1995), whieh costs 200, nad only 612 poges. ‘The price remained the Same even in the second edition (1999) in spite ofthe rumber of pages bing ineresred to 748, Buc tho third edition (2000) has gone into $07 votumins pags ence bmg inrasa oe 25, Kindy bet oaHow to Prepare for MATHS (Using this book for Competitive Exams) 1. Importance of Maths paper (PO) Quanicive Aptnude is a compulsery paps. You can't ne- lect. So make sure yor are ready fo improve your mathematical skills Each question valuis 12 mares wherews gach question of Ressoning values only 1068 marks in PO cxart, So, you devote relatively move ‘ume on this paper you get more oaths. Alb, the answers of Maths questions are more confiomed than answers of Reasoring questions, ‘which ae often confising. Most of you fel tis a mors tice consuring ‘paper, bat ifyou low our emidenes, you cam save your valuable time In examination hall Other exams: There acc vory few competitive exams without maths pager, SSC exams havedhiTavent types of Maths paper. The iat ‘exam of S$C contains Snbjective Question pape, Keeping thin and, Thave als given the detail method of cach shorcut ot Quicker Method sive inthis book, ach thenrem, which gives you a iret formula sso contains peoor of the thcorer, which is nothing but a general fmm {Gevoting numerical values by letters sy X, Vet) of dt othe, 2. Preparation for this paper (A) How to start your preparation ' ‘Mae sa very interesting subject. Ifyou dens find tiarest- i simply means you hava’ (tied o Undecetand it Lene assure yOu ‘ery sips and 100% logical. There x nothing i be assumed and noting obo confused abou. So ratiag to ery yeu came forward (ws firmndesennination to len tbs. Ths most basic hinge Maths ar: 3) Adin - Sizacton 1) Mahipicaion Division ‘All ess four things ae most uch, Asleest one ots four things cercinly need in aay ype of meematical question. So, Crs 4 cur basi ercultons fer we save ous valuable Ge in each auestion, To caleulte Faster, suggest the fllowing lips: {i) Remember the TABLE upto 20 {at leas: ‘Yow should now thar tables have bean prepared ta make Addition Jn the problem of addition we-have bwo enain factors (speed ‘and accuracy) ide considerstion. We will discuss a method of ad- tion which is faster thin tho method used by masa people and als as & ‘higher Gepree of accacacy. Inthe leer par of tais chapter we will 3iso discuss a method of checking and double-chooking the results: {in using conventional meibod of adeifion; the average mE cammot always aud a fidy long colunnn of figures without rokaing a mistake, We shall eam how to check he work by indwideskcolarans, ‘wihout repeating the addition, This has sever adveniages: 1) We gave the labour ef repeating all the wore, 2} We latte ear, if any, inte column where tees ad 43) We ae certain to find er, which isnot necessary inthe eoaven” tions! method. "This lst point is something that most people do not realise, Each oge of us has his own weaknesses and. own kind of proneecss.10 {5 56. f you alehim dicey he wil si ‘ealculation twill Sip out x8 "56". 1 23s his Zaveurte eos, he would ‘be likely to sepeat it whea he checks by repaiin, ‘Totalting in columns "Re in theconventione! method sf éaltion, we weit te figures tobe added in edluam, and under tho bottom figure we draw atime, so that te tora wall be under the coluam, When writing tiem we remember that the matheraetical mule for placing the numbers is to align the ightchend-sde dipits (when there are whole numbers) aed the decimal points (when hore sce decimals), For example: Right-hand-side-digits Decimal alignment alignment 4234 13.05 8235 251 5a6. 539.652. 3324 2431,0003 3500 49.28 9989 “The eemventional methed is 19 adé tho figures down the righthand onluran, 4 plus plus 6, ond soon. You can do ths if you wisia QUICKER WATHS inthe now method, but tis mot compulsery: ou can begin working 00 any colar. But for the rake of convenience, we will srt on the ‘igh hand column. ‘We add az we go down, but we “eover cout higher than 10", “Thats wen to muning tla bocomes grater than 10, ve reduce ity 10and go ahead wits the reduced figure. As we dos, we make a small tickorcheck-matk beside the mumber that mede oor total higher than 10 For example: " ~ 4 pli 812: this is more than 10, so we surat 10 om 12. Mar: 2 lick and start adding again 6 Gy 2.8 1 tplas,9 ‘ © Opie d,9 9 9 plas 9 18: mack atick and seduce 18 by 10, ey 8 “The final figue, 8, wi) be writen unde the column as the ‘sunning foal”. "Next we count she tos that we have ust made as we dropped. 10's. Asweave? ticks, we write under the column as he "tick figure’ “The example wow looks like this $234 ae 646 sia 350, 98h runingiotil: 8 teks 2 rveepetthe sme pces onc of theca were theres a os smi 350 5S 655 mm runing tonal + ticks? ‘eon 8 “Now ve arive atthe final resultby adding togethecthe wing fetal and the ticks inthe way ehown inthe following diagram. ‘enning total BR ticks orrrro Total: 28778 ‘Save more times Weo'serve tha the ruenng taal is ae othe teks ‘eclow in she immediate right column. This addition ofthe teks with ‘mediate left cofuma can bedone:in single te. Thetis, the number of tio inthe first coluran from ight is added to the second eoluran row right, the mares of ies in the Pc column isadded to he thd column, anid 30 on, The whole method ean be undoriaod inthe following steps. 4234 2236 645 5321 350, 98s Tout: 5 ‘Step. [A plus’ is 12, ark a tisk and ode 2 0 6, whieh Gs 8: plus 1 29,9 plus 089; 9 plus is 18, marka tck and write down $intho frst column of tota-tow.] 4234 ase 666 . 5321 350 9985 Stop I. Tow 78 [3plus 2 (umber of tik in fiat column) is 5; $ plus 3s & 8 plus 4s 12, entk a tick aed carry 2; 2 plus 2 is 4; 4 plus 1s 9, 9 plus B 18.17, mark tick and write dovin 7 in 2nd column of wte-row Ina similar way we proceed for ed and 4h coluras.0 “quioxer avis] 4234 a23¢ 646 5321 350 $985 28778 ‘Tosa: ‘Note : We see that In the leftmost cofuan we are left with 2 ick \Write dovn the mumber of ticks in a column left to the leftmost column, Thus we get the answer a litte earlier chan she previous} method. One more itustation (Q: 707.235 + 1923.62 ~ 56.009 + 564.949 + 65.6—7 Solution : orgs 1925582, Sku séasies 6 Toul: 3319609 “You may nice a cueton is itnece ryt write the numer in columa-onm? Ue ars er ito You ny ge the are ASO dng ve. Quon aban row fne onto aprodien of aliens. ious ee ning hee a a a pings, be suggest you's sched which would by f Signin pebiem. 3 vou ous of fhe Stop "Pu srr tothe ight ofthe hs etal ctl took he tel isa decal equal nea suber Fer exitape, te abore qn say beri x Sgr a28 + 925820 F800 © Sea 1 65.600 Step St ang he st gt om gin, Se Se gi wie hustbece dealt wily Ifyou dont ext, duplication may ose, Doig unig tl don't gard 10, Tha wen wo ence 0, oma tice auywiete rear sbeut ou calculaicn, Now, go aed lt mneberexsoeing 10. Sona7s N1OD3896 + S800) sc4.n4f + 6560p=_ 7 saselion - " pus OS Splus9i9 Haiti nog sen and cary overs abe ey pan 087 sown con 7D hs we ee ST incae white ust tsayes us tom Sntho and duo ra A Ad the tbefleks owt iin alse, Sad case tat ek Fogel Or aES + SSPEARS = S8.01) + 565.968 + 65.004. ‘our tel pus 23,3 pis 2 5 5 plasO sSope dao wee de i plan, Sept. " “ron Ab + 1903.636 + 58.)6) +504. fh e05.6bb 5 pushes mata oughana cary otf psp js 10, mark another tick in rough and carry aver zern; 0 plus 6 is 6, 90 pets cise Bev. “ ESR Siep Zooming Ne sameyemy ga Denes SRN a See » feasts 88) = 19.87 ‘Adon of sure (ntiou decal) watcha ro Tora. ison osigrsne mas 113 Sins stepsssr¥ reapers Mas 18 Step I: $3021 + 6308 + 86+ 7028 + 1113 ‘Step HE $392] + 6908 #864 7025 + 11132, 472 872 Step IV: 52021 + 6308-+ 86+ 7025 +1119 Shop V: 53921 + 6308 + 85 47005 + 11132 = 78472 Note : One should get good command aver this metiod because i is very mel useful etd fas-calevlating, If you don't understand it Wy agai and eyain. ‘Addition and subtraction in a single row Bx. £2412 -83+70=7 Stop I: For units digit of our enswer add and subuact ihe digits at units ‘pages according to the sign atached with fhe espeetive nome For example, in the above eaae the walt plate of our temporesy resulsis 2-3+0~2 auickeR mares Sowritgaxs * M28 70=__(1) Sindarly, the temporary value at rong place is 1-8 +756. So, write a: 412-83 +70="_@ (1) ‘Smilarly, se cemaporary value athaandreds place ie. So, were 412-83 + 70=(4€0)(1) Now, the shove temporary tres have © the changed into real ‘value, To replace (-LJbya-+ve digit weborrow from digits tens or buncted, Asthed:gitatensls 72:0, we willhave to borrow stom hundreds ‘We borrow 1 frum 4 (at hundreds) whick becomes 10 st tes Jeaving 3 at bundreds, Again we borrow 1 from tone which Dbeoures 10 at unite pce, lawving 9 at ons, Tus, at units place 10-19. Thus our final result= 399, ‘The above explanation can be repented as age — a ® @) Ch 9 i above explanation i easy to undeestand, And the method is more easy io perform. if you practise wall, dhe two steps (Lf) ‘cane performed simulkanenvsly. ‘The second step can be perfonned in another way lke VO) CD = 400-1 =399 124 829+ 781-438 ‘Solm: According to sop [the traporary Sigur is: ‘Step Il: Borrow I ftom 5. Thousands place becomes $- (5) C4) (0) 9) Voorrowed fio thousands Becomes 10 at hundreds, Now, 10 - 4 = 6 at hhundveds place, but 1 is borrowed for tens. So digi at hundreds becomes §- 1=5, | boowed ftom hundreds becomes 1. ‘Again we borrow 1 fot tens forunis place after which the digit at tens plas is 9. Now, 3 borrowed from tens becomes 10 atunits place. Thus the result at units place is 10 = Our requiced newer 4591 Note: Aiter step I we com peor Hiker 54) (0) (9) = $000 - 09. 591 ‘ton 8 ‘But this method can'the combine! with step 1 to pstform sia taneously. So, we should try-to understand steps I Il wel! so ‘that in ature We can perionm ther siraanecusy, Bx, 3: 3216 - $396 + 3510-9997 ‘ols Step 1 gives the result as (1) (2) 5) (18) 9) Step H: Ui digt= 16-91 [1 barowes fom (16) reals 16-1=-17] “Tens dig = 20-17=3 [2 borowed ftom 5) results $-2=-7) HlundzedeAigit= 10-7 =3 [1 borrowed Som 2 results 2-1=-3] “Thousands digit= 10-37 [1 towowed fom 7 results? -1=8} So, the require vale is 67321. ‘The above exteulations cs alan besarte’ from lemost digit as doce inst 0 examples. We have sated foun righimast git inthis case, The resol i de saree in both cases, Dut forthe combined apesiion of two ope you Will have te ert foe ighteos digit Gc nis digi). See Bx. ‘Note: Orer mths forstepHl 29S) INDE = LH) = Ass = 70000 » (2669) = 67331 Bx. 4 AU975- 12345-36218 =? Soln: Step: (4) (2944) (2)<-5) Stepld 141 5 ‘Single step solution: "Now, you mast learn to perform the to steps simultncousy ‘This the siruplost example understand th cowlined mete. ‘ACunlls plage: 8-5 8 (}, To make it positive wo have to ‘borrow from ts, Yeu should semeribes that we can't borew ‘rom sve value fg 12345. We wil havo to borrow from postive value from 89978, 80, we bermwed 1 from 7 (tens igi of 89978) oh, 89978-12345 -36218—____5 Now digit at tons (7-1 =yb-4- 11 Digitat hndeeds: 9-3 -2=8 Digitat thousands: 9-2-5 Digit ton thousands: §-4-3—4 ‘he roqused value= 41415, 5 28360 + 38062 - 9873 7 Single sep solution: Tens digh=6-+6-7 Unita digit = 942-3 = HHendreds dig 349-8“ QUICKER MATHS “Thousands digit=8+ 8-9=7 ‘Ten thousands digit=2+3=5 Bx. 6: Solve Ex. 2 by stgie- step method. [24 +829 +731 -435— ‘Units digits 4-9-4 1-5 (9). Bowow I from wens digit of the postive valu. Suypose we borrved fr 3 0f 731, Ths ‘equited value = 57458 4 5124-92973 1-438 Tens digit: 2-242 -3 -+ye value, Suppaio we bored from 70781: Then 5124-42947 3 1-435=_ 91 Hundreds digit: 18+ 6-4~ 5), Bonow 1 from thousnad [igh of tve saluc, We have only ane such digit, iv. 5 of 5124 Then “1 La S124-si947 34-435 =4597 (Thesonds digit remains a $1 = 4) ‘Now you can perform the whole calculation im a single at ‘without wring anything ex, 1 Solve Bx. 3 ina single step wichout writing anything other than tlteanswer. Teyityourset, Don'tasove tonost example und yo «ean contideatlysaive such questions within seconds, ERB: 10789 + 3945 - 2310 1203=7 ‘Sainz Whenever we get a value more thin 10 afr addition ofall the mis ‘pits, ow wil pt thesis digit ofthe result and eary ove the te dig We aa the tes digit to +ve valu, not to the-ve tale, Similar meted should beadopted for el digits: en 10-7 € 94 3906-2310-1223= 11202 [Notes 1, We put + aver fhe digts of ave value 19789. teean also be pt ‘vr the igs oF 3046, But i can't putover 2310 and 1223. ‘uinthe exam when you are Eve to uce yur pe on question pa you eat aber te digit with your pen isend of wring +1, 2, 1) 2 ovecthe digis. Hence, inszad of wating 8, you should ‘Sever 8 with your pen, Similxty, write 8 in place of 7. x. 9: 765819 - 59,003 + 12.088 -86.59 =? ‘Soin: First, equate he manber of dyits alter decimals by potting 2 ‘kth cna. So, ? = 765 819 - 85.003 + 12.038 - 86.850 Ex. ation 6 ‘Now, apply the sere mathod as done it Px. 4,5, 6,7 8 8. Aaqad 7 3.8 1.9-80.003+ 12.028 - $6.90 = 001.964 Method of checking the calculation : Digit-sum Method "Ths method taso called the ninercerasinder method. The concept of digit. sun consists a i: Tie getihe digt-oun ot a macber by ding acres" the umber. For Vrsanes ths gitsem of 9022 is 1 pus 3 ples O ps2 pus? 88 1. Wealwaye roduce tne dgieepr oa wngle Gye snot abeady Youle fre. For insane, he digit-sum of 5264s 5 hus 2 pis 8 pia § (7, oF ps 788) Tar intercross a ier, wesnay drop ox These haps te nse two dips tht adapt 9, such as 2a 7, we ignore ath of itor, sothe digt-sumot 990195 Late gance, (wean 95 we pte smmerenit) 1v. Bevaise"aices don't cout in this process as we sav ia igteaum o°9 ithe sue aa dite of oem The digits oF, forename sz, ‘Quick Aadition of Dgit-sua: Weave are “shdingacrass”anumbes shoot a8 our running total reaches wo digits Weald these two together, and go abead witha sgl digit sour new rig ot Toreyample: To gettho eigit-sim of $86542932851 wo do Fis Iga two igor number We educethix 1610 singl ig 1 plat Bet, Wego ahead wih this 757 plas 6 64 (13,07 1734) 4 plus is 8 fnget it ps 25s & Pocge $. Provanding this way We wet toe aig auto 7. er decines we woiccry hose way Bure dan py ay neni otnececzal por. the digits. 06256, fr esampe is por novestey in prctoal sease 10 anderson why the suetiod works, bu you wal se how iteresting this is“ baie Thott arte redvead gitar fs be sane as the raider «ven he numbers divide oy % or Ceample: Digitsary £523 And alee whes 523i ivides by ye gt he emer 1 Checking of Caleutation Baxie rule : Whatever we do to the numbers, we also da to thelr dligie-sum; then the result that we get froma the digits of the fpumbers must be equal tothe digit-sumu of the answer.16 QUICKER MATHS For example : The number: 234+49+ 15430 -117 The digitsum:5+ 4+6+ 3-0 Which reduces to : o=06 This mile is also applicable w subtraction, multiplication and upto some extent to division also. These will be discussed in the coming chapters. We should take another example of addition. 145+ 32.54 23.9= 579 digit-sum: 6 +1 +- 5 =3 or, 3 °=3 Thus, if we get LHS = RHS we may conclude that our calculation is correct. Sample Question : Check for all the calcutions done in this chapter. Note : Suppose two students are given to solve the following question: 1.5+ 32.5 + 23.9 =? ‘One of hem gets the solutionas 57.9. Another student gets the answer 48.9. Ifthey check their calculation by this method, both of them get it to be correct. Thus this method is not always fruitful. If our luck is’ against us, we niay appreve our wrong answer also. Addition of mixed numbers 1, 44; ghey Q3 a7 4 3 9 7 Solution : A couventional method for solving this question is by con- verting each Of the numbers.into pure fractional numbers first and then. taking the LCM of denominators. Te save time, we shouldadd the whale numbers and the fractional values separately. Like here, _ at + at + syecenne[s + $ + 3] =i6 BtBiU =156+12 =0s+p+2 , Soln ; (5-442-1)+ pecan] =2 (Ao BantingMultiplication Special Cases We suggest you to remember the tables up to 30 because it saves some valuable time during calculation. Multiplication should be well commanded, because it is needed in almost every question of our concern, . Let us look at the case of multiplication by a mumber more than . 10. MULTIPLICATION BY 11 - Step I: The last digit of the multiplicand (number moultipiied} is pat down as the right-hand figure of the answer, Step I: Each successive digit of the multiplicand is added to its neighbour at the right, Ex,1, Solve 3892 x 11=? Soln: Step I; Put down the last figure of $892 as the tight hand figure of the answer: ‘ 3392 x 11 2 Step Ur Each successive figure of S892 is added to its right-hand neighbour, 9 plus 2 is 11, put | below the line and carry over 1.8 plus.9° plus | is 18, put 8 below the line and carry over 1. 5 plus 8 plus 1 is 14, put 4 below the line atd carry over 1, . 3892 x 11 , 12. (9+2 = 11, put 1 below the line and carry over i} 5892 x 11 . 812 (8+9+1 =18, put 8 below the line and carry over 1) 5892 x 11 4812 (S+8+L = 14, put 4 below the line and carry over 1) Step IIT; The first figure of 5892, 5 plus 1, becomes the left-hand figure of the answer; : - . 5892 x 11 64812 The answer is 64812, u‘quicker MATHS [Ab you see, sash Hguto-of tho lang mantis used twice, Ieis fist sed ss "number", and then, 2 the nest ate, itis used a6 a ~ naighbour, Looking carofily, we cam nee just one rae fatend of tree hile, And this only tule can be called as “add the right nelghbout™ nile ‘We innst ft writes zion nit of che given number, or at Tena imagine a zero there ’ “Thon we apply the idea of ding the neighbour wlevery figure ofthe given twmber in tur: 05892 1 FAs there is no neighbour om the right, s0 we ads nothing, 08802 IE 4512 “As wo did earlier sa 1 oasiz, ‘oro ps5 ples cxsied-over Lis 6 "This exaraple shows why 0 naod the zero in dont of the mubtipioand: is to tem us not sinp 700 soon. Without The zero fo Frost, we migathavenoglecte thelast6,endwe tight then havethought that the answer was only 4812. The answer than the given srumber by ono digit and the zero infront kes caro of that ‘Sample Problems Solve the following : WVTIMLAL x U2) 231454 11 3) 89087 11-4) 5776800% 11 591122332608 x 11 ‘Ang: 1) 122222) 5) 12543658688 2254395. 39979737 4) 63544800 MULTIPLICATION BY 12 ‘Torulply any number by 12, we “Double each digit in turn and add its ueighbour”. "This isthe satne-as mulipiying by 11 except that now we double the ._ Teuibes" before we add its "neighbour" : For example : Ex: Solve: 5324012 = Soln : Step 1. 05324 12 oi T(@ouble che right hand flgureand add 200, ‘as thar fs no-neighbout) Mltipteation 8 Step tt,” 95324 x 32 35" Glouble de 2 aad a4) Step II, 05324 x12 $55, (Gouble the. and wl 2) Step IV. 09824 12 “FEB ouble the $ und add 3 (12), put 3 ‘below the fine and earry over 1) ‘Last Step, 05324 x. ‘3886 (ero doubled is ero, plus $ plus ‘rid over |} “The answer is 63,888, Ifyou gp through it yourself you wil find that the ealoulation goes very fist and is very ey. Practice Question Solve the following 135609 x 12 21123008 + 12 aysora9 x 12 4922200007 12_——_5)444890781 x 12 ‘Ans: 1) 4273082) 133476108. 3) 5481468 4) 266400084 5) 5338688532 MULTIPLICATION BY 13 ‘To mutiply any number by 13, we “Treble each digit in turn and add {ts right neighbour”. ‘This isthe same a5 mitiying by 12 except that ow wo "tebie" the "murah" bofore we acd its "neighbour", sve went to multiply 9482 by 13, ve proceed like this i Step OIF ‘9 (rable the right hand figure and write it down an there 1an9 neighbour on te right) ppt 13 7 (xB13=27, wre down 7 aiid carry over 2} Step TIT, 09483 + 13 29 Btep1V, 00483 4 13 329) [Last Step. 09482 x 13 i TRI (GOH 12, waiteit down) ‘The answer is 23.279. Step H. (434812222, write down 2 and cxery over 2) (9x344+2=33, write down 3 and catry over 3)