These r the main differences between user exits and customer exits

1) user exits r subroutines where as customer exits r function modules

2) user exits r not upgraded where as customer exits r will upgrade

3) customer exits r used for creating and additional fields or menu items to stadard tcode where
as user exits r used for enabling or disabling the fields on the standrd screen or concatenating the
key fields,it is not used adding an additional componenats to stadard tcode

4) customer exits r reusable where as user exits r not reusable.

Also:

1. Customer exits: Implemented as Function Modules within z includes. Anybody can change it
and no access key is required.

2. User Exit: Implemented as subroutines within includes (any include except y or z includes).
You need access for the specific include and then you can any subroutine (user exit) within that
Include.

BADIs are the enhanced version of user exits where the same logic is implemented via classes
and object (OOP)

Enchancement point is the latest once introduces with ECC6.0 . Not very sure about that but you
can change it without any access key.