VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BELGAUM - 590016, Karnataka

A INTERNSHIP REPORT

On
“BLUETOOTH BASED HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM”
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN

ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

Submitted by:

RABINDRA YADAV
1EW16EE032

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering

EAST WEST INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

VISHWANEEDAM POST, BENGALURU – 560 0 91
 EAST WEST INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
VISHWANEEDAM POST, BENGALURU – 560 0 91

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE
Certified that the Internship Seminar work entitled “BLUETOOTH BASED HOME
AUTOMATION SYSTEM” is a bonafied work carried out by RABINDRA YADAV bearing
USN 1EW16EE032 in partial fulfillment for the award of degree of Bachelor of Engineering
in Electrical & Electronics Engineering of the Visvesvaraya Technological University,
Belgaum during the year 2019-20. It is certified that all corrections / suggestions indicated for
Internal Assessment have been incorporated in the Report deposited in the departmental
library. This Seminar report has been approved as it satisfies the academic requirements in
respect of Seminar Work prescribed for the Bachelor of Engineering Degree.

Signature of Guide Signature of HOD

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The satisfaction of completion of this project work would be incomplete without mentioning
the people who guided us on this explore.

I am grateful to our principal DR.K. CHANNAKESHAVALU, East West Institute of

Technology, Bengaluru for providing us congenial environment to work in.

I would like to thank Dr. VIJAY KUMAR C. N, HOD, Dept. of EEE, East West Institute of
Technology, Bengaluru for the constant support.

I am extremely grateful to my project work guide, ASST PROFF.VIMALA CS, Dept. of EEE,
East West Institute of Technology, Bengaluru for giving me all the necessary input and
knowledge, without which this internship would not have been possible.

I would like to thank my internship coordinator Mrs. MEGHANA PRASAD M K, Asst.

Professor, Dept. of Electrical and electronics engineering, EWIT, Bengaluru for her
unflagging support and continuous encouragement throughout the seminar work.

I would like to thank “INNOV8 TECHNOLOGIES & ACADEMIC SOLUTIONS”

Bengaluru for permitting to carry out internship in their company and also for their constant
support.

I would fail in our duty, if I do not thank my parents, so I would like to dedicate this report to
my BELOVED PARENTS, those who have made me in this status.

Lastly I would like to thank MY FRIENDS AND MY WELL WISHERS who have helped
me directly or indirectly in all possible ways for the success of this internship report.
 DECLARATION

I RABINDRA YADAV bearing the USN 1EW16EE032, studying in the final year of Bachelor
of Engineering in Electrical and Electronics Engineering at East West Institution of Technology,
Bengaluru, hereby declare that this internship entitled “BLUETOOTH BASED HOME
AUTOMATION SYSTEM” which is being submitted by me in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, from
Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum is an authentic record of me carried out during the
academic year 2019-20.

I further undertake that the matter embodied in the dissertation has not been submitted previously
for the award of any degree or diploma by me to any other university or institution.

Date: RABINDRA YADAV

Place: Bengaluru 1EW16EE032

 ABSTRACT

The report presents the tasks completed during internship carried at “INNOV8
TECHNOLOGIES & ACADEMIC SOLUTIONS”. The main objective of this project is to develop
a home automation system using an Arduino board with Bluetooth being remotely controlled by any
Android OS smart phone. As technology is advancing so houses are also getting smarter. Modern
houses are gradually shifting from conventional switches to centralized control system, involving
remote controlled switches. Presently, conventional wall switches located in different parts of the house
makes it difficult for the user to go near them to operate. Even more it becomes more difficult for the
elderly or physically handicapped people to do so. Remote controlled home automation system provides
a most modern solution with smart phones.

In order to achieve this, a Bluetooth module is interfaced to the Arduino board at the receiver end while
on the transmitter end, a GUI application on the cell phone sends ON/OFF commands to the receiver
where loads are connected. By touching the specified location on the GUI, the loads can be turned
ON/OFF remotely through this technology. The loads are operated by Arduino board through using
triac.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter no. Chapter name Page

no

Chapter 1 Company profile 1

Chapter 2 About the company 3

Chapter 3 Task Performed 6

3.1 Home automation system 6

3.2 Block diagram 8

3.3 Requirement analysis 9

3.4 Hardware description 9

3.4.1 ATMEL ATMEGA 328 9

3.4.2 Object Sensor

3.4.3 Fire sensor

3.4.4 Bluetooth Module 13

3.4.5 Relay 1

3.4.6 power supply

3.5 Software Required

3.5.1 Arduino IDE

3.5.2 Concept of Embedded System

3.5.3 MIT App Inventor-2

Chapter 4 Reflection 16

Chapter 5 Conclusion 17

References
COMPANY PROFILE

Innov8 offers academic projects training for graduate, post-graduate and

research students in embedded system, MATLAB, Robotics, Power electronics and in
various domains as part of meeting their academic needs. Students undergoing projects
training at Innov8 get an opportunity to learn various aspects of project life cycle
including basic design requirements, Target prototyping, Design & Development,
Testing and Implementation etc. The pre-requisite training needed for the project
execution is also provided before start of the actual projects. The availability of
essential tools, software and hardware combined with the able guidance gives the
learners all the confidence and capabilities required to execute the projects in the
industries in which they get employed.

WORKSHOPS

Workshops play a big role in implementing new concepts in students.

Workshops in education are brief intensive courses, emphasizing interaction and
exchange of information among a usually small number of enthusiasts from schools
and colleges. These workshops offer students a chance to enhance their curriculum and
gain insight on new technologies and start innovating. Sometimes you just need a push
in the right direction. Sometimes it is just pure interest. We provide technical workshops
and seminars in Robotics and Microcontroller based projects to enhance knowledge in
various technologies. We choose from a select list of innovative and highly rated topics
and arrange seminars at a very nominal cost. We give interactive technical guidance to
all the participants of the Workshop.
 About INNOV8
Innov8 provides innovative electronics projects and training for engineers,
researchers, students and enthusiasts. With constant advancements in the technology
and business, they now provide training through workshops to all students from higher
primary school to post graduation.

Innov8 promotes self-research and provide final year project training for researchers,
engineering students, diploma students and enthusiasts to help in their research and
studies.

They develop innovative and unique projects and electronics based systems that can be
used to automate various industrial & domestic needs/tasks. systems are built to
automate work from various sectors.

They provide robotics workshops to facilitate and encourage enthusiasts to start

building their own robots. Their goal is to make innovative Ideas come Alive as
prototype or models so that we can see our ideas in reality.
Description of the Project
This project is one of the important Arduino Projects. Arduino based home
automation using Bluetooth project helps the user to control any electronic device using
Device Control app on their Android Smartphone. The android app sends commands to
the controller – Arduino, through wireless communication, namely, Bluetooth. The
Arduino is connected to the main PCB which has five relays as shown in the block
diagram. These relays can be connected to different electronic devices. As per the block
diagram, Device 1 – Buzzer, Device 2- Fan, Device 3 – Lights.
When the user presses on the ‘On’ button displayed on the app for the device 1, the
Buzzer is switched on. This Buzzer can be switched off, by pressing the same button
again.
Similarly, when the user presses on the ‘On’ button displayed on the app for the device
2, the fan is switched on. The fan can be switched off, by pressing the same button
again.
This project of home automation using Bluetooth and Arduino can be used for
controlling any AC or DC devices. In the demonstration, we have used DC Fan and DC
Bulb. To drive this DC Fan and Light, a 9V battery is connected.
Block Diagram
 Hardware Requirement

The list of components mentioned here are specifically for controlling 4 different loads.

 Arduino Uno with Atmega 328P microcontroller

 HC – 05 Bluetooth Module
 10 KΩ Resistor
 1 KΩ Resistor X 4
 BC547 NPN Transistor X 4
 1N4007 Diode X 4
 5 V Relay X 4
 Connecting wires
 9 V Power supply
 Smartphone or tablet (Bluetooth enabled)

Software Requirement
 Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment)
 Concept of Embedded System.
 MIT App Inventor-2
 ARDUINO CIRCUIT (ATMEL AT mega 328)

The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P It has

14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs,
a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a
reset button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply
connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or
battery to get started.

The Uno differs from all preceding boards in that it does not use the FTDI USB-to
serial driver chip. Instead, it features the Atmega8U2 programmed as a USB-to serial
converter.
 Some Technical Specification of Arduino Uno are:

1. Microcontroller ATmega328P
2. Operating Voltage 5V
3. Input Voltage (recommended) 7-12V
4. Input Voltage (limits) 6-20V
5. Digital I/O Pins 14
6. Analog Input Pins 6
7. DC Current per I/O Pin 40 mA
8. DC Current for 3.3V Pin 50 mA
9. Flash Memory 32 KB of which 0.5 KB used by bootloader
10. SRAM 2 KB
11. EEPROM 1 KB
12. Clock Speed 16 MHz
Arduino Uno
Ultrasonic sensor
Ultrasonic sensors (also known as transceivers when they both send and receive, but
more generally called transducers) work on a principle similar to radar or sonar which
evaluate attributes of a target by interpreting the echoes from radio or sound waves
respectively. Ultrasonic sensors generate high frequency sound waves and evaluate the
echo which is received back by the sensor. Sensors calculate the time interval between
sending the signal and receiving the echo to determine the distance to an object. This
technology can be used for measuring wind speed and direction (anemometer), tank or
channel level, and speed through air or water. For measuring speed or direction, a
device uses multiple detectors and calculates the speed from the relative distances to
particulates in the air or water. To measure tank or channel level, the sensor measures
the distance to the surface of the fluid. Further applications include: humidifiers, sonar,
medical ultrasonography, burglar alarms and non-destructive testing. Systems typically
use a transducer which generates sound waves in the ultrasonic range, above 18,000
hertz, by turning electrical energy into sound, then upon receiving the echo turn the
sound waves into electrical energy which can be measured and displayed.
Fire detectors
Fire detectors sense one or more of the products or phenomena resulting from fire,
such as smoke, heat, infrared and/or ultraviolet light radiation, or gas.

In dwellings, smoke detectors are often stand-alone devices. In non-domestic buildings,

fire detection will typically take the form of a fire alarm system, incorporating one or
more of the following automatic devices.

A flame detector is a sensor designed to detect and respond to the presence of

a flame or fire, allowing flame detection. Responses to a detected flame depend on the
installation, but can include sounding an alarm, deactivating a fuel line (such as
a propane or a natural gas line), and activating a fire suppression system. When used in
applications such as industrial furnaces, their role is to provide confirmation that the
furnace is working properly; in these cases, they take no direct action beyond notifying
the operator or control system. A flame detector can often respond faster and more
accurately than a smoke or heat detector due to the mechanisms it uses to detect the
flame.
Temperature sensor
A temperature sensor is a device, typically, a thermocouple or RTD, that provides for
temperature measurement through an electrical signal. A thermocouple (T/C) is made
from two dissimilar metals that generate electrical voltage in direct proportion to
changes in temperature. An RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector) is a variable
resistor that will change its electrical resistance in direct proportion to changes in
temperature in a precise, repeatable and nearly linear manner.

Principles of Operation Thermocouples A thermocouple is made from two dissimilar

metal wires. The wires are are joined together at one end to form a measuring (hot)
junction. The other end, known as the reference (cold) junction, is connected across
an electronic measurement device (controller or digital indicator). A thermocouple will
generate a measurement signal not in response to actual temperature, but in response
to a difference in temperature between the measuring and reference junctions. A small
ambient temperature sensor is built into the electronic measuring device near the point
where the reference junction is attached. The ambient temperature is then added to the
thermocouple differential temperature by the measuring device in order to determine
and display the actual measured temperature. Only two wires are necessary to connect
a thermocouple to an electrical circuit; however, these connecting wires must be made
from the same metals as the thermocouple itself. Adding wire made from other
materials (such as common copper wire) will create new measuring junctions that will
result in incorrect readings.
HC-05 Bluetooth Module Interfacing with Arduino UNO

HC-05 is a Bluetooth device used for wireless communication with Bluetooth

enabled devices (like smartphone). It communicates with microcontrollers using serial
communication (USART). Default settings of HC-05 Bluetooth module can be
changed using certain AT commands. As HC-05 Bluetooth module has 3.3 V level for
RX/TX and microcontroller can detect 3.3 V level, so, there is no need to shift TX
voltage level of HC-05 module. But we need to shift the transmit voltage level from
microcontroller to RX of HC05 module.
RELAY
A relay is an electrically operated switch. It consists of a set of input
terminals for a single or multiple control signals, and a set of operating contact
terminals. The switch may have any number of contacts in multiple contact forms,
such as make contacts, break contacts, or combinations thereof.

Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by an independent low-

power signal, or where several circuits must be controlled by one signal. Relays were
first used in long-distance telegraph circuits as signal repeaters: they refresh the
signal coming in from one circuit by transmitting it on another circuit. Relays were
used extensively in telephone exchanges and early computers to perform logical
operations.

Relay module

Working of relay
Power supply
A power supply is an electrical device that supplies electric power to
an electrical load. correct voltage, current, and frequency to power the load. As a
result, power supplies are sometimes referred to as electric power converters. Some
power supplies are separate standalone pieces of equipment, while others are built into
the load appliances that they power. Examples of the latter include power supplies
found in desktop computers and consumer electronics devices. Other functions that
power supplies may perform include limiting the current drawn by the load to safe
levels, shutting off the current in the event of an electrical fault, power conditioning
to prevent electronic noise or voltage surges on the input from reaching the
load, power-factor correction, and storing energy so it can continue to power the load
in the event of a temporary interruption in the source power (uninterruptible power
supply).
Here in our application we need a 5v DC power supply for all electronics involved in
the project.
This requires step down transformer, rectifier, voltage regulator, and filter circuit for
generation of 5v DC power.
Conclusion

The home automation system has been experimentally proven to work satisfactorily
by connecting sample appliances to it and the appliances were successfully controlled
from a wireless mobile device.
We learned many skills such as soldering, wiring the circuit and other tools that we
use for this project and was able to work together as a team during this project.

The Bluetooth client was successfully tested on a multitude of different mobile phones
from different manufacturers, thus proving its portability and wide compatibility. Thus
a low-cost home automation system was successfully designed, implemented and
tested.
 Reference
The web sites that provide the information’s:

 www.autogates.com.my
 www.usautomatic.com
 www.amazinggates.com
 www.microchip.co.uk
 www.quora.com
 www.engineeringproject.com
 www.efy.com
 www.electronicsworldforyou.com