Maintenance of Transformers (A Detailed C

Conditional Maintenance

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 Maintenance of Transformers (A Detailed Checklist)

onditional Maintenance

Action to Be Implement
Oil Level oil level in oil cap under silica gel breather
Breathing holes in silica gel 
Oil Level of Transformer
Reading of MOG (Magnetic Oil Gauge) of main tank and conservator tank.
Color of silica gel in breather.
Leakage of oil from any point of a transformer
Mechanical inspection of Buchholz relays
Insulation resistance of the CT
Ambient temperature
Winding temperature
Oil temperature
Load (amps)
Voltage
Oil level in transformer
Oil level in bushing
Dehydrating breather
Oil level in OLTC conservator
Cooler fan, bearing motor & operating mechanism

Oil levels of MOG( Magnetic Oil Gauge) of the main tank and conservator tank. Always maintain to keep oil filled up to the
Power receiving and transforming equipment (Substation & transformers)
Standby power supply system (Generators, Engines, UPS: Uninterruptible Power Supply)
Prime movers and motor controllers (Motors, Starters, Cabling)
Instrumentation system
Supervisory control and data acquisition system (SCADA)
Disconnecting Switch
Circuit Breaker
Power Fuses
Protective Relay
Electromagnetic Protective relay
Transformer
• Check connections of cables for looseness and overheating
Check the transformer for abnormal vibration and noise
• Check oil and winding temperature regularly with respect to manufacturer’s manual
• Check for moisture ingress by observing the colour of the silica gel
Check for level of oil in the conservator
Low Tension (LT) Panel
They typically consist of moulded case circuit breakers (MCCBs), power contactors (PCs), protective relays
(PRs), meters, indication lamps, control switches, etc.
MCCB
Power Contactor
Check for abnormal noise or overheating of exciting coils, abnormal noise and discolouration of contacts
(carbonized or worn contact surfaces by arcing)
Check for the proper working of all display indicators like voltmeters, ammeters, energy meters and
indicator lamps
• Check whether the name of the panel is written on it and it is correct as per the SLD
Check for the proper earthing of the panels
Bus-bar
Check connections for looseness and overheating, and check the bus bar for discolouration
Check bus bars are properly colour coded (Red, Yellow or Blue) to represent the phases
Check bus bars are properly enclosed within panels
Power Control
Correcting power factor is a typical power control technique. Power factor correction is described in this
section.
Power Factor Correction
Series Reactor
STANDBY POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM (GENERATOR)
PRIME MOVERS
Induction Motor
Starters
A. Direct-on-line Starter
B.Star Delta Starter
C.Reactor Starter
Detailed Checklist)

Maintenance
Yes NO Description Remarks
 vacuum cleaned of all loose dirtts
Switchgear and debris cleaning solvents

For contaminates that will

Inspect insulators and conductor not remove easily,
Insulators, supports for signs of cracking, solvents approved by the
Supports, and broken pieces, and other physical manufacturer may be
connectors damage or deterioration. used

Examine insulation for signs of

deterioration, cracking, flaking, or Ensure that conductors
overheating. Examine all are clean and dry.
connections for signs of Examine and clean all
overheating, cracked or broken connections, and torque
connectors, and signs of tracking or to manufacturer’s
Conductors arcing. recommendations.

Inspect for signs of corona, tracking,

Air Circuit arcing, or thermal or physical
Breakers damage.

Ensure that all contacts are clean,

smooth, and in proper alignment.
Ensure that spring pressures are
maintained according to
Contacts manufacturer’s specifications.

These types of breakers

are usually tripped by a
thermal element that
Molded-case circuit breakers should senses an increase in
Molded-Case be kept clean for proper ventilation temperature due to
Circuit breakers of the breakers. excessive current draw.

connections. Remove any

corrosion on battery
Battery Stations / clean all battery surfaces of dust terminals with
chargers and/or dirt accumulations. bicarbonate of soda.

Clean all dust and/or dirt
Charger accumulations from charger
Check terminals and
connections for tightness.
Check all relays, lights and
other indicating devices
for proper operation.

De-energize cables if they are to be

touched or moved during
Cables and Bus maintenance.

Check for dangerous gases using a

properly calibrated test meter
Cables in before entering any confined space
Manholes such as a manhole.

Suggested cable or bus tests include

insulation resistance testing and
polarization index testing. These
tests should be recorded to track
trends that may indicate a
deterioration of the cable’s
Testing insulation.
Surge Arrestors

Protective Relays

All vents and fan grills are to
be cleaned of all dust/or dirt
accumulations
Ensure that ventilations
openings are not obstracted
Access doors should be
clearly marked to alert
personnel that live
electrical equipment is
in use.

Examine all bolts and

connecting devices for signs of
deterioration, that bolts and
connecting devices are tight, Apply an antioxidant
according to manufacturer’s compound to all aluminum-to
specifications. copper connections.

Clean the breaker housing and

inspect it for cracks or signs of
overheating. Tighten all
connections. Exercise the
breaker several times to
ensure the mechanism has
freedom of movement and to
allow contact wiping.
larger duty circuit breakers
(225 amps or above) should
be electrically trip tested to
ensure proper operation of
the trip elements and trip
linkages.
All molded-case circuit
breaker panels should
be cleaned of all
dirt,dust, and debris
using a vacuum.

Check electrolyte levels and

specific gravity. Variations of
more than fifty (50) points
between cells may indicate a
bad cell.
If all cells consistently read low
check charger for proper
operation. If electrolyte levels
are low, check charger rate
settings against the
manufacturer’s specifications.