Professional Documents
Culture Documents
WRITTEN BY
NIS 6134
X MIPA 1
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VALIDATION SHEET
NIS : 6014
Class : X MIPA 1
__________________________ _________________________
Novlia Pratiwi, S.Si Fikha Prastidiami, M.Pd
Certified by:
The Headmaster of SMA plus Negeri 17 Palembang,
________________________
Dr. Parmin, S.Pd, M. M.
NIP 196611051997031001
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
All praise and gratitude to Allah SWT, because of its mercy the writer can
complete the study with the title “Female Students Knowledge of X Grade About
The General Ingredients In Facial Soap That Should Be Avoided At SMA Plus
Negeri 17 Palembang” as the way to complete BUGEMM program in SMA Plus
Negeri 17 Palembang.
The writer would like to thank sincerely to all those who has participated
in the making of this BUGEMM report particularly, to the honorable as following:
The writer realized that in the process of making this BUGEMM report,
writer still had a lot of mistakes and far from perfection. For the suggestion and
constructive criticism is expected for the perfection of writing on next time.
Finally, the author hope that this report can be useful for self-author,
readers, as well as other community, particularly in terms of gaining knowledge.
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CONTENTS
COVER....................................................................................................................i
VALIDATION
SHEET..........................................................................................ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT...................................................................................iii
CONTENTS..........................................................................................................iv
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION....................................................................1
1.1 Background.............................................................................................1
1.2 Problem Formulation.............................................................................2
1.3 Researcrh Objectives .............................................................................2
1.4 Significance of The Study .....................................................................2
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
The use of soap for everyday life is already familiar, especially for its
function for cleaning. There are various types of soap that offered in various types
of form ranging from washing soap (cream and powder), bath soap (solid and
liquid), hand soap (liquid) and cleaning soap household appliances (cream and
liquid).
Facial soap is a soap with a softer texture that have a function to clean dirt
(dust or residual cosmetics). The need of facial soap for many people today is
becoming a reasonable need even some people think that facial soap has become a
basic need besides the needs of boards, food, and clothing.
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manufacturers to launch facial soap products. This resulted in competition
between producers one and other manufacturers. In this competition, each
manufacturer will produce a facial soap with the advantages that each has.
Competition conducted by producers generally dominates on the ingredient that
will be used in the manufacture of soap advance and also the effectiveness of the
ingredient on the face later.
A good facial soap is not just a facial soap that can cleanse the face of dirt
like dust, release residual sweat that dries, or residual cosmetics and fats alone,
but it can also protect the face from irritation as well as keep the skin moisturized.
Irritation such as redness of the skin can occur due to the use of certain types of
ingredient in facial soaps that can make the skin dry due to the loss of fat on the
surface of the skin. To maintain the skin's moisture and to prevent irritability due
to facial soap, it is necessary to have an observation in purchasing facial soap
products especially the observation of the ingredient on it.
There are many brands of facial soap with various types of ingredient on
it. Not all the ingredient on facial soap is good for face skin. Reported from the
American Academy of Dermatology Association 2019 that facial soap containing
alcohol is an abrasive facial soap that should be avoided. We know that alcohol is
a dominant ingredient or the general ingredients in the manufacture of facial
soaps. Alcohol is only one of the many general ingredients that are problematic in
facial soaps. Therefore, this study was conducted to know the understanding and
the knowledge of female students in grade X at SMA Plus Negeri 17 Palembang
against the general ingredients in facial soap that should be avoided in school year
2019/2020.
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1.2 Problem Formulation
For the readers, gaining information to distinguish the facial soap formula
that is good for the face to reduce the risk of skin irritation due to the lack
of knowledge about the ingredients in facial soap that should be avoided.
For SMA Plus Negeri 17 Palembang, increasing the number of study files
in the school library.
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CHAPTER II
LITERATURE REVIEW
According to Engr Sayyid Khaim Husayn Naqawi, cited by Abudin Nata said that
the word ‘student’ came from Arabic, which means the person who wants (the
willed). While According to Abudin Nata in Aly (2008: 57) students are defined
as people who want to get knowledge, skills, experience and good personality as a
provision for their lives so that they will be happy in the world and the hereafter
by learning earnestly. From the descriptions above, we can conclude that students
are an individual or groups who occupy a central position in education to gain
knowledge, experience and good personality.
The word ‘knowledge’ derived from the Greek word, Gnosis. The
meaning of Gnosis is to signifying knowing through an observation or experience.
While according to (Oxford University Press. 2008: 245, Oxford Learner’s Pocket
Dictionary). Knowledge / 1 n[U] is an information, understanding and skills
gained through education or experience, 2 n[U] is a state of knowing about a
particular fact or situation. While according to D.R.H.M. Gade knowledge is the
Science of philosophy which is the result of thinking about the possible limits of
human knowledge. According to those descriptions above, we can conclude that
knowledge is everything that is obtained through experience, thoughts and
experiments.
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According to [Oxford University Press. 2008: 183, Oxford Learners
Pocket Dictionary General]. General (adj) is an affecting or concerning all or most
people, places or things. The origin; Middle English via Old French from Latin
generalist, from genus, genera-’class, race, kind’. While according to Cambridge
dictionary, General means involving or relating to most or all people, things, or
places. Based on those descriptions, we can conclude that general is common
things that many people usually use.
Facial soap is a soap with a soft texture that become one of the important
products that is useful for removing dirt and dead skin and maintaining clean skin.
There are various types of facial cleansing soap with the ingredient on it and
claims for their properties for face skin. The selection of the right face soap should
be found in the face soap ingredient on it. Inappropriate selection of facial soap
due to the lack of knowledge about what ingredient on it can cause irritation to the
facial skin.
6 wrong signs when choosing facial soap. Here is some of them:
1. Breakout
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facial skin.
3. Skin Redness
Skin redness can have many different causes, including burns, allergic
reactions, infections, and some health conditions. This one sign, most often
experienced by someone who has sensitive skin. Avoid the ingredient that have
the potential to irritate the skin, such as fragrance or alcohol.
One chooses facial soap can cause skin to be dull. This is because the
products make skin dehydrated from time to time. If left for a long time, the
texture of the skin will become rougher because of less hydration. Not only that,
dehydrated skin will make it look duller.
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certain ingredients and incorrect labelling in a product, but what ingredients will
be used in making facial soap is at the discretion of each company.
Even though overall, personal care products such as facial soap do not
contain the levels of toxins needed to cause cancer. But a bigger concern is skin
irritation that caused by the ingredients. The American Cancer Society says that
health risks related to long-term exposure of toxins cannot be completely ruled
out.
healthline.com that has medically reviewed by
Debra Rose Wilson, PhD, MSN, RN, IBCLC, AHN-BC, CHT on February 8,
2017, and paulaschoice.com become the writer reference for taking 6 general
ingredients contained in facial soap that should be avoided.
Here are the most common ingredients that can easily found in a facial soap:
purpose: preservative
concerns: hormone-disrupters
found in: makeup, moisturizers, shampoos, conditioners, lotions, facial
and shower cleansers, shaving products, and scrubs
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Too much estrogen can trigger an increase in breast cell division and growth of
tumors, which is why. Paraben use has been linked to breast cancer and
reproductive issues.
Just to be 100% clear, there are other types of alcohols, known as fatty
alcohols, which are absolutely non-irritating and can be exceptionally beneficial
for skin. Examples you’ll see on ingredient labels include cetyl, stearyl, and
cetearyl alcohol. All of these are good ingredients for dry skin, and in small
amounts fine for any skin type as they give a pleasing texture and help keep
ingredients stable in products. It’s important to discern these skin-friendly forms
of alcohol from the problematic types of alcohol.
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If the skin is oily, it can be tempting to use alcohol-based products because
they provide an immediate matte finish, essentially de-greasing the "oil slick."
The irony of using alcohol-based products to control oily skin is that the damage
from alcohol can lead to an increase in bumps and enlarged pores.
And get this: Alcohol can actually increase oiliness, so the immediate de-
greasing effect is eventually counteracted, prompting the oily skin to look even
more shiny.
Commonly found in most personal care products that foam, including bubble
baths, body washes, shampoos, soaps, and facial cleansers, these hormone-
disrupting chemicals may be readily absorbed through the skin and can react with
other ingredients in a cosmetic formula to form an extremely potent carcinogen
called nitrosodiethanolamine (NDEA). To add insult to injury, these ingredients
commonly cause allergic reactions, irritate the eyes and dry out hair and skin.
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Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is a type of surfactant generally used in
products that have 'cleaning' properties. The function of this surfactant is to reduce
the surface tension of the water so that dirt and oil on our bodies or clothes is
easier to clean and remove.
SLS / SLES also functions as a foaming agent or producer of foam on certain
products. The SLS ingredient is obtained from palm oil or coconut oil which
undergoes various chemical processes during the production process so that it has
left its natural nature.
5. Fragrance
Back away from the floral-scented face wash, look at the ingredients list of
virtually any household product from laundry detergent to face wash and you'll
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see the word "fragrance." And while it sounds harmless enough, the word
"fragrance" can represent hundreds of chemicals, many of which can cause
allergies, asthma attacks, headaches and more. Plus, virtually all synthetic
fragrances are stabilized with phthalates, a group of chemicals linked to
reproductive problems and birth defects in animal studies [Source: EPA].
And the chemicals certainly aren't boosting the effectiveness of your face wash.
"Added fragrances in cleansers tend to be irritating and can dry out the skin," says
Levine. "It's best to avoid anything overly perfume-y or scented." can't without
fragrance? Optional for products that use essential oils or fruit and plant extracts
to scent their solutions.
6. Contaminants
Cool tar
diethanolamine (DEA)
1,4-dioxane
Formaldehyde
butane and isobutene
petroleum distillates
polyethylene glycol/ceteareth
talcum
Nitrosamines
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CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.2.2 Sample
According to Sugiyono (2008: 118) Samples are a part of the whole and
characteristic of a population. The sampling method in this study uses purposive
sampling or judgement sampling. According to Sugiyono (2012:117), the
definition of purposive sampling is a sampling technique based on certain criteria
or consideration. Researchers took 28% of the female student's population
amounting to 214, resulting in 60 samples to be investigated. The selection of
population characteristics in this research is done in consideration that students
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selected as population units are groups or individuals who have characteristics
closely related to the subject of the study.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
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Anonym. 2019. Alcohol in skincare: the facts.
(https://www.paulaschoice.com/expert-advice/skincare-advice/basic-skin-
care-tips/alcohol-in- skin-care-the-facts.html, Accessed on November,
2019).
(http://repository.unisba.ac.id/bitstream/handle/123456789/12949/05bab1_Siregar
_10090311227_skr_2016.pdf?sequence=5&isAllowed=y, Accessed on
November, 2019).
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