We wish to develop a laser based precision absorption spectroscopy set-up to understand the

underlying spectroscopy of atmospheric plasmas. As a first step we shall demonstrate viability of

this technique using a discharge lamp that inherently creates a low pressure plasma discharge,
which provides an ideal test bed to demonstrate frequency modulation spectroscopy (FMS). FMS
techniques are most suitable for low signal to noise scenario, that is when there is a weak
absorption by the target species. Since this shall be a test-bench set-up for diverse kind of plasmas
that may be produced from a multitude of source, it shall be a stimulating exercise for any student
who want to have a hands on experience in getting an exposure to cutting edge, state of the art
precision laser spectroscopy. We shall in particular, focus on ensuring that the student is able to
identify a direct connection between theory and experiment, which shall help him grasp the
underlying principles of atomic physics that are invoked in state of the art, precision laser
spectroscopy. This project shall be an ideal test bed to build on an expertise in precision laser
spectroscopy for students who want to embark on a career in experimental atomic physics. It is
imperative that graduate students who wish to undertake projects related to quantum computers,
atomic clocks and quantum photonics have mastered the basic principles in precision laser
spectroscopy techniques through their exposure to the afore-mentioned test bench set-up and have
thus acquired the requisite experience to undertake more challenging problems in precision atomic
spectroscopy.

Laser spectroscopy based experiments are rare in the undergraduate and postgraduate curricula in
Indian universities and technical institutions. Given the dawning of the second quantum revolution
(a.k.a. quantum 2.0), it is imperative that significant focus and attention is paid to development of
human resources to sustain our nation’s initiative in the quantum frontiers and quantum technology
direction. An important vertical in this domain is quantum photonics. A solid research and training
program in AMO (atomic molecular and optical) physics is required to help build the expertise
necessary to have a significant impact in developing applications related to quantum technology
that may have potential implications in generating revenue. The current proposed laser
spectroscopy test set-up in this proposal shall be a small but a significant step in this direction. It
is imperative that we teach and train students in basic principles of atomic physics so that they are
well equipped to shoulder the responsibilities of realizing the nation’s commitment towards the
second quantum revolution.