EAH 221

INTRODUCTION
TO BOUNDARY
LAYERS
Dr. NURIDAH SABTU
INTRODUCTION
TOPICS TO BE COVERED

BOUNDARY LAYER

FREE STREAM VELOCITY

BOUNDARY LAYER THICKNESS

WALL SHEAR STRESS

REYNOLDS NUMBER

- LAMINAR FLOW

- TURBULENT FLOW

- TRANSITIONAL FLOW

GOVERNING EQUATIONS
BOUNDARY
LAYER
 BOUNDARY
LAYER

The boundary layer (BL) divides

the flow into two regions: the viscous
region in which the frictional effects are
significant, and the inviscid region in
which the frictional effects are negligible
By plotting the velocity versus distance (in
y-direction):

- The velocity is zero at the wall.

- As the distance increases the velocity
increase (with a decreasing rate), until the
maximum velocity is reached after which
the fluid will be not affected by the wall.
- The fluid velocity at which the fluid is not
affected by the wall is called the “free
stream velocity”
- The free stream velocity is the fluid
velocity at which the fluid is not affected by
the wall and it is corresponding to the
minimum value of velocity gradient
 SHEAR STRESS

Wherever there is a velocity gradient,

a shear force must exist.
The shear force acts parallel to the
plane of the shear.
The ratio between the shear force to
the shear area is called the shear
stress
DISPLACEMENT
THICKNESS
 COEFFICIENT
OF DRAG

LAMINAR FLOW
TURBULENT FLOW

TRANSITIONAL FLOW
THANK YOU

Think outside of the box!