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Chapter 6: Electrochemistry
Paper 1
1)
2)
C Aluminium
D Hydrogen chloride
Copper
plate
Zinc
plate
Iron
plate
Silver
plate
Iron
plate
Lead
plate
iron
plate
Iron
plate
The diagram below shows the apparatus that is used to electroplate iron nail with
copper.
A
What can be observed at the copper plate and the iron nail at the end of the
experiment?
Copper plate
Iron nail
A
Thinned
Brown solids are deposited
B
Thickened
Brown solids are deposited
C
Thinned
Gas bubbles are released
D
Gas bubbles are released
Brown solids are deposited
4)
5)
6)
7)
The diagram below shows the apparatus arrangement for the electrolysis of the
dilute
lead(II) nitrate solution.
C Oxygen
D Hydrogen
8)
The voltmeter shows a reading of 1.1 V. What is the possible reading of the
voltmeter if
the zinc plate is replaced with a lead plate?
A 0.7 V
C 1.2 V
B 1.1 V
D 2.1 V
9)
The diagram below shows the apparatus set-up that is used in an electrolytic
process.
11)
13)
When a copper plate is placed into dilute hydrochloric acid, no reaction occurs.
This is
because
A hydrogen is not a metal
B the mixture needs to be heated
C copper is more electropositive than hydrogen
D hydrogen is more electropositive than copper
14)
Which of the following equations represents the reaction that occurs at the
negative
terminal of a mercury cell?
A Pb → Pb2+ + 2eB Pb2+ + 2e- → Pb
C Zn → Zn2+ + 2eD Zn2+ + 2e- → Zn
15)
(a) (i)
(ii)
(b) (i)
(ii)
Use the words ‘anode’ and ‘cathode’ to label the diagram above.
Write the formula of the ions that move to the anode and cathode of the
electrolytic cell in the table below.
Anode
Cathode
(c) State the observation at the anode and cathode of the cell.
_______________________________________________________________
(d) (i)
Name gas X.
__________________________________________________________
(ii)
(iii)
(e) If 36 cm3 of gas X is collected at the end of experiment, calculate the number
of
molecules of gas X that is collected.
[Molar volume = 24 dm3 at room conditions; NA = 6.02 x 1023 mol-1 ]
(f) State the ratio of the volumes of gas X and gas Y that are collected.
_________________________________________________________________
Essay question
(a) You are given two electrolyte solutions as listed below.
Dilute sodium chloride solution
Concentrated sodium chloride solution
Explain why the product collected at the anode of the cell is different but the
product
collected at the cathode of the cell is the same, if both the electrolyte solutions
are
electrolysed using carbon electrodes.
(b) A student wants to purify an impure copper plate by the process of
electrolysis.
Design an experiment in the laboratory to purify the impure copper plate.
Your answer should include the following:
Materials and apparatus needed
Diagram of the apparatus set-up
Procedure of the experiment
Observation
Chemical equation involved
Paper 3
A student carried out an experiment to study the potential difference between two
different types of metal. The apparatus set-up that is used in the experiment is
shown
below.
Before the experiment
(a) Fill in the table below by stating the observation and inference involved in
the
experiment.
Metal plate
Zinc
Iron
Observation
Inference
(b) The student repeated the experiment by replacing the iron metal with copper
metal,
aluminium metal and magnesium metal.
Metal pairs
Negative terminal
Positive terminal
Voltage / V
Zinc – iron
Zinc
Iron
0.4
Zinc – copper
Zinc
Copper
1.1
Zinc – aluminium
Aluminium
Zinc
0.8
Zinc – magnesium
Magnesium
Zinc
1.4
Complete the table below, based on the above information.
Type of variable
(i) Variables that are manipulated
Action to be taken
(i) Way to change the manipulated variables
(c)
(d)
If the experiment is repeated by using lead metal to replace iron metal, predict
the
possible reading recorded by the voltmeter.
Ans wers
Paper 1
1
B
2
C
3
A
4
B
5
D
6
B
7
C
8
A
9
B
10
D
11
12
13
14
15
C
A
D
C
B
Paper 2
Structured question
(a) (i) Positively charged ions
(ii) Electrical energy to chemical energy
(b) (i) Anode: On the left side; Cathode: On the right side
(ii) Anode: Cl- and OH-; Cathode: K + and H+
(c) Anode: Colourless bubbles are released
Cathode: Colourless bubbles are released
(d) (i) Oxygen
(ii) Insert a glowing wooden splint into the test tube. The wooden splint lights
up.
(iii) 4OH- → 2H2 O + O 2 + 4e(e) Number of moles of gas X = 36 = 0.0015 mol
24000
Number of molecule of gas X = 0.0015 x 6.02 x 1023
= 9.03 x 1020 molecules
(f) 1 : 2
Essay question
(a)
Dilute sodium chloride solution
Product collected at
the anode
Explanation
Oxygen
Product collected at
the cathode
Explanation
Hydrogen
(b) Material: Impure copper plate, pure copper plate, copper(II) sulphate solution
Apparatus: Battery, connecting wires with crocodile clips, ammeter, rheostat,
beaker
Procedure:
- Impure copper plate is used as the anode
- Pure copper plate is used as the cathode
- Copper(II) sulphate solution is used as the electrolyte
- The circuit is completed by allowing the electric current to flow through the
electrolyte
Observation:
Anode: Impure copper plate dissolves / is corroded/ is thinned
Cathode: Pure copper plate is thickened / brown solids are deposited
Chemical equations:
Anode: Cu → Cu2+ + 2eCathode: Cu2+ + 2e- → Cu
Paper 3
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Metal plate
Zinc
Observation
Dissolved
Iron
Inference
Zinc loses electron to form
zinc ion
Copper(II) ion receives
electrons to form copper
metal