Central Philippines State University

Kabankalan City, Negros Occidental

Office of the Graduate School

CURRET ISSUES AND PROBLEMS IN EDUCATION FINAL EXAM

Summited by: RONEL B. VALDEZ

Submitted to: BAYANI J. DEJAŇO

1. Based from all the reports regarding problems on the different social issues, try to
relate this at your community. What is the most problematic issues existing in your
school? Discuss how you will improved the situation based from the legal aspect that
you have learned from the subject. Cite only three (3) issues and give example of the
situation. Give a concrete steps on how you will manage to improve this problem.

Based on the reports regarding problems on the different social issues, the
three (3) problematic issues in our school are: population explosion, Inflation
and graft and corruption.
Population Explosion seems to be problematic issue in our school in the
sense that our teacher and pupils ratio is averaging 1:45. This classroom set up is
not conducive for learning. The opportunity for each pupils to learn seems to be
compromised due to overcrowded environment. This population explosion may
lead also to the absenteeism of the pupils because not only in school they are
crowded but also at home that may result for food scarcity. The income of the
parents may not be enough to sustain the needs of the family for food and
education. If the income of the parent is not enough, children are oblige to help
as a result of being absent in school. The end product of this population
explosion is poverty. This problem is very common in our community. Common
example of this situation is the family having a household member of ten (10) or
more. Their family income come from agricultural works (hacienda). Their day
to day living is dependent on the number of days they have worked. The amount
of wages they may get is depend upon the number of worker in the family. In this
case, if only the parent is the worker in the family, insufficient food may knock to
their door. Family planning is the best solution to this problem.
Second issue is the inflation. Inflation in the basic goods and commodities
is the burden of every people in our community. It is the law makers that will
help this issue. Controlling the prices of the basic commodities lies in their hand.
In this situation we should not rely our needs on the products on the market, we
should think of the alternatives that will help us. Instead of buying why should
go in planting. Planting of vegetables at home will be a great help.
Third issue is the Graft and Corruptions. Corruption among government
officials is the number one problems of the society. In school corruption is always
present but not totally displayed. Some school administrators had their way on
 how to take money from the school fund without the prior knowledge of their
subordinates. This things are happening because the money was not on the
custody of the school treasurer. The money is given directly to the School Heads.
The school heads did not even reported that they have already received the
money (MOOE Fund). Some of these money may spend in favor with the school
in accordance with the memo stating that the budget for seminar and meetings
will be funded by the MOOE, but some of which were not reported accordingly
if were the expenses goes. The liquidations for the money are being manipulated
and the evidences are being fake by the receipt and pictorials from the previous
years. The procurement were not done properly because only one person is
signing on the papers with different signatures. Teachers did not even saw the
liquidation papers. In fact they are part of the signing of the liquidations. In this
case teachers has the right to question but their relations in school has to be
compromised. The school heads may get angry to the teacher who is asking
questions. To avoid conflict regarding to this problem, teachers are just keeping
the issue within their selves.
To solve this issue my recommendation for this are the ff:
1. Change the procedure in giving the money to the school.
2. Announcing of the receiving of the money to the PTA Officials
3. PTA should participate in spending of the money.
4. A copy of the liquidation papers must posted on the transparency
board.

2. One of the worst scenario of our country today is the deforestation. Illegal logging are
not controlled due to relax action of our agency concerned and our government in
which the system are not very clear especially on the existing policies that our
government had. If you can noticed that our forest now become smaller and smaller
and calamities becomes worst as a result of this situation. As a teacher in what way
you can improve this situation. Thus, tree planting the only solution we can help to
this problem. Cite example of situation in which you can contribute to the
development and improvement of this problem. What are some of the action plan that
you will do to help the situation?

As a teacher we have a great role in finding solution for deforestation. With this, we
can do our part by teaching our student the important of trees and its role in preserving
the mother earth. Not only teaching them but putting it into action by planting more
trees in school or let children plant trees at home as part of their project. Let them be
part of the local government movement in tree planting activities. Encourage them that
trees protect us from calamities and other disturbances brought by nature. According
to Martin O’Malley, “Reversing deforestation is complicated; planting a tree is simple.”
Teacher as we are, we are the great source of information. This information is the great
help for the development of this problem. All we need is to impart it so that everyone
will be benefited.
 Pursuant to Republic Act 7160, otherwise known as the Local Government Code of
1991, Presidential Decree 705 as amended, otherwise known as the Forestry Reform
Code of the Philippines ; Executive Order No. 192 defining the mandates, organization,
and functions of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR),
DENR Administrative Order No. 30, Series of 1992 prescribing the guidelines for the
transfer and implementation of DENR functions; the following Manual of Procedures is
hereby promulgated to effectively implement devolution of forest management
functions and enhance partnership between the LGUs and the DENR.

Section 1. Basic Policies

Subject to the general policies on devolution as contained in RA 7160 and DENR

Administrative Order No. 30, Series of 1992, the following basic policies shall govern the
implementation of DENR-DILG-LGU partnership on devolved and other forest
management functions:

3. Inflation in the Philippines is the common problem that we can experience today due
to sudden change of tax and probably the increase of oil prices in the world market.
The government makes necessary solution to this situation. In your own idea what
particular part in our economic society that we need to change to further augment the
situation. In what way we can do or write down steps in order to make solution of the
existing situation. What are your bases of your own idea? Cite an example.

Inflation is a dishonest and deliberate policy and tool of politicians who do not
wish to reduce their spending. The government « creates » new money in order
to cover what it spends in excess of its income. The existence of an unbalanced
budget is a frequent reason for the government to print more money. When
more is spent than is raised by taxes, the government makes up the difference
with fiat money. The basic cause of inflation is the government's unwillingness to
cut its spending plans or to raise the funds it desires by increasing taxation or by
borrowing from the public.

Politicians want to spend but they do not want to raise taxes. Because
higher taxes are unpopular, inflation commonly becomes the answer to deficit
financing. When the government prints more money, people don't have to pay
additional taxes, but ultimately they realize that dollars are not worth what they
were previously. Monetary debasement is a scheme in which government force is
used to take wealth from people and spend it. When the government makes new
money and spends it, the effect on prices and the supply of goods and services is
no different than when a private counterfeiter does so.
 One popular method of controlling inflation is through
a contractionary monetary policy. The goal of a contractionary policy is to reduce
the money supply within an economy by decreasing bond prices and increasing interest
rates. This helps reduce spending because when there is less money to go around, those
who have money want to keep it and save it, instead of spending it. It also means that
there is less available credit, which can also reduces spending. Reducing spending is
important during inflation, becau se it helps halt economic growth and, in turn, the rate
of inflation.

There are three main tools to carry out a contractionary policy. The first is to
increase interest rates through the central bank, in the case of the U.S., that's
the Federal Reserve. The Fed Funds Rate is the rate at which banks borrow money
from the government, but, in order to make money, they must lend it at higher rates.
So, when the Federal Reserve increases its interest rate, banks have no choice but to
increase their rates as well. When banks increase their rates, fewer people want to
borrow money because it costs more to do so while that money accrues at a higher
interest. So, spending drops, prices drop and inflation slows.

The second tool is to increase reserve requirements on the amount of money banks are
legally required to keep on hand to cover withdrawals. The more money banks are
required to hold back, the less they have to lend to consumers. If they have less to lend,
consumers will borrow less, which will decrease spending.

The third method is to directly or indirectly reduce the money supply by enacting
policies that encourage reduction of the money supply. Two examples of this include
calling in debts that are owed to the government and increasing the interest paid on
bonds so that more investors will buy them. The latter policy raises the exchange rate of
the currency due to higher demand and, in turn, increases imports and decreases
exports. Both of these policies will reduce the amount of money in circulation because
the money will be going from banks, companies and investors pockets and into the
government’s pocket where it can control what happens to it.

4. In your own idea, is legalizing prostitution the solution of the rampant increase of
sexually transmitted diseases in the society as what other country do? Being an
educator from a Christian world do you approved this old profession. If yes, discuss
why and give example. If no, why knowing that it has also a problem. Discuss what
are your plans and action taken if this happen in your community.

On my own opinion legalizing prostitution is not the solution of the rampant

increase of sexually transmitted diseases in the society as what other country do
because it will increase the number of the prostitute in the country in the sense
that it is the easiest and fastest way of getting the money. Even it is legally
operated many of the sex workers would do it secretly, to not lowered their
reputations. Over the past decade, the most popular proposed solutions to sex
trafficking and “out of control” prostitution is legalization of prostitution.
 Prostitution has been legalized with the expectation that it would bring positive
outcomes in some countries, but it did not; in fact, there are many more women
on the street than before legalization. Legalization does not reduce prostitution
or trafficking; in fact, both activities increase because men can legally buy sex
acts and pimps and brothel keepers can legally sell and profit from them.
Being an educator from a Christian Educator I would not do approved
this old profession because it will decrease the reputations and morality of the
society as a whole. Example, if you are women or a mother and you will engage
in this profession, and the society may know this, you will not receive the same
respect with the other women who didn’t engage in this activities.
Stopping the Demand – Solution to Prostitution and Sex Trafficking
Instead of legalization, there is another solution to the problem of prostitution
and sex trafficking: Confronting the demand for prostitution. Instead of only
warning women against recruiters, stop the recruiters. Instead of
accommodating the demand, stop it. There are four components that make-up
the demand: 1) the men who buy commercial sex acts,2) the exploiters who make
up the sex industry, 3) the states that are destination countries, and 4)the culture
that tolerates or promotes sexual exploitations.

5. Discussion what are your opinions of population explosion. Do you think that use of
the different contraceptives could give benefits to the users? For the youth, what do
you think is the effect using contraceptives? Do you agree the three (3) child policy
program of Duterte’s administration? In what way you can help our government?
Outline some solutions you think and cite your bases for your answer.

Population explosion is the root of poverty. To control the fast growth of

population the citizens of the country must involve their selves in family
planning.

For the youth, I think the effect using contraceptives may fall to positive
and negative. Positive effect in the sense that they will not be pregnant at an
early age, they will not be the source of population explosion and their future
may not be compromised due to early marriage. The negative effect of this is that
they may not be pregnant anymore as the side effect of the contraceptives.

I agree with the 3 child policy of Duterte’s Administration because it is

the one way to solve the population explosion in the Philippines. As we know that
population explosion is the root of poverty. This policy may give direction to the
Filipino people of what will be the best for their children. Having 3 children at
home is the guarantee to send them to school eliminating child labor and out of
school youth.

As a teacher I can help the government with regards to this problem through:
a. Educating the parents about the effect of population explosion.
b. Support the government on their plan and activities about this problem
c. Be a responsible parent
The Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of 2012 (Republic
Act No. 10354), informally known as the Reproductive Health Law or RH
Law, is a law in the Philippines, which guarantees universal access to
methods of contraception, fertility control, sexual education, and maternal
care.