TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES

QUEZON CITY
DEPARTMENT STUDENT COUNCIL
CIVIL ENGINEERING

CALCULUS FORMULAS
𝐆𝐄𝐍𝐄𝐑𝐀𝐋 𝐃𝐈𝐅𝐅𝐄𝐑𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐈𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍 𝐑𝐔𝐋𝐄𝐒 𝑑
(sec 𝑢) = sec 𝑢 tan 𝑢 𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑦 𝑓(∆𝑥 + 𝑥) − 𝑓(𝑥)
= lim 𝑑
𝑑𝑥 ∆𝑥→0 ∆𝑥 (csc 𝑢) = −csc 𝑢 cot 𝑢 𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑢
𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒: 𝑐 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡; 𝑢, 𝑣 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑤 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛s
𝐃𝐄𝐑𝐈𝐕𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐕𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐈𝐍𝐕𝐄𝐑𝐒𝐄 𝐓𝐑𝐈𝐆𝐎𝐍𝐎𝐌𝐄𝐓𝐑𝐈𝐂
𝑑
(𝑐) = 0 𝐅𝐔𝐍𝐂𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒
𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑 1
(𝑐𝑥) = 𝑐 (𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑢) = 𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 √1 − 𝑢2
𝑑 𝑑 1
(𝑐𝑥 𝑛 ) = 𝑛𝑐𝑥 𝑛−1 (𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝑢) = − 𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 √1 − 𝑢2
𝑑 1 𝑑 1
(√𝑥) = 𝑑𝑥 (𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑢) = 2 𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑥 2√𝑥 𝑑𝑢 𝑢 +1
𝑑 𝑑 1
(𝑢 ± 𝑣 ± 𝑤) = 𝑑𝑢 ± 𝑑𝑣 ± 𝑑𝑤 (𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 𝑢) = − 2 𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 𝑢 +1
𝑑 𝑑 1
(𝑢𝑣) = 𝑢𝑑𝑣 + 𝑣𝑑𝑢 (𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 𝑢) = 𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 |𝑢|√𝑢2 − 1
𝑑 𝑑 1
(𝑢𝑣𝑤) = 𝑢𝑣𝑑𝑤 + 𝑢𝑤𝑑𝑣 + 𝑣𝑤𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑥 (𝑐𝑠𝑐 −1 𝑢) = − 𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑢 |𝑢|√𝑢2 − 1
𝑑 𝑢 𝑣𝑑𝑢 − 𝑢𝑑𝑣
( )= 𝐃𝐄𝐑𝐈𝐕𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐕𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐇𝐘𝐏𝐄𝐑𝐁𝐎𝐋𝐈𝐂 𝐅𝐔𝐍𝐂𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒
𝑑𝑥 𝑣 𝑣2
𝐏𝐀𝐑𝐀𝐌𝐄𝐓𝐑𝐈𝐂 𝐃𝐈𝐅𝐅𝐄𝐑𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐈𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍 𝑑
(sinh 𝑢) = cosh 𝑢 𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑢
𝑖𝑓 𝑓(𝑥) ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 𝑤ℎ𝑖𝑐ℎ 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑙𝑠𝑜 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑
𝑑
(cosh 𝑢) = sinh 𝑢 𝑑𝑢
𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑤𝑖𝑙𝑙 𝑏𝑒 𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑦 𝑑
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑡 (tanh 𝑢) = 𝑠𝑒𝑐ℎ2 𝑢 𝑑𝑢
= 𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑡 𝑑
(coth 𝑢) = −𝑐𝑠𝑐ℎ2 𝑢 𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑢
𝐃𝐄𝐑𝐈𝐕𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐕𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐓𝐑𝐈𝐆𝐎𝐍𝐎𝐌𝐄𝐓𝐑𝐈𝐂 𝐅𝐔𝐍𝐂𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒
𝑑
𝑑 (sech 𝑢) = −sech 𝑢 tanh 𝑢 𝑑𝑢
(sin 𝑢) = cos 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑢
𝑑
𝑑 (csch 𝑢) = −csch 𝑢 coth 𝑢 𝑑𝑢
(cos 𝑢) = − sin 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑢
𝑑
(tan 𝑢) = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑢 𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑢
𝑑
(cot 𝑢) = −𝑐𝑠𝑐 2 𝑢 𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑢
Disclaimer:
*The ideas and information in this review material were taken from other sources written by different authors.
*This material may not also contain all the information needed, but as far as reviewed, all relevant details
were written as much as possible.
*The text may contain grammatical and typographical errors and does not warrant the accuracy or
completeness of the material or reliability of any information written.
 TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES
QUEZON CITY
DEPARTMENT STUDENT COUNCIL
CIVIL ENGINEERING

CALCULUS FORMULAS
𝑛
𝐃𝐄𝐑𝐈𝐕𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐕𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐈𝐍𝐕𝐄𝐑𝐒𝐄 𝐇𝐘𝐏𝐄𝐑𝐁𝐎𝐋𝐈𝐂 𝐅𝐔𝐍𝐂𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 lim 𝑢𝑛 = (lim 𝑢)
𝑥→0 𝑥→0
𝑑 1
(𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ −1 𝑢) = 𝑑𝑢 𝐒𝐏𝐄𝐂𝐈𝐀𝐋 𝐋𝐈𝐌𝐈𝐓𝐒
𝑑𝑢 √𝑢2 + 1
𝑑 1 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑐 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡; 𝑎 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑘 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑛𝑦 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟
(𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ −1 𝑢) = 𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑢 2
√𝑢 − 1 lim 𝑒 𝑋 = ∞ lim 𝑒 𝑋 = 0
𝑥→∞ 𝑥→−∞
𝑑 1 𝑐
(𝑡𝑎𝑛ℎ−1 𝑢) = 𝑑𝑢 lim ln 𝑥 = ∞ lim = 0 (𝑛 > 0)
𝑑𝑢 1 − 𝑢2 𝑥→∞ 𝑥→∞ 𝑥 𝑛

𝑑 1 𝑥 𝑥
(𝑐𝑜𝑡ℎ−1 𝑢) = 𝑑𝑢 lim 𝑥 =𝑒 lim (1 + 𝑘𝑥 ) = 𝑒 𝑘
𝑥→∞ √𝑥! 𝑥→∞
𝑑𝑢 1 − 𝑢2
1
𝑑 1 1 𝑥 1 √2𝜋𝑥 𝑥
(𝑠𝑒𝑐ℎ−1 𝑢) = − 𝑑𝑢 lim (1 − 𝑥
) = lim 𝑥 ( ) =𝑒
𝑥→∞ 𝑒 𝑥→∞ 𝑥!
𝑑𝑢 |𝑢|√1 − 𝑢2
𝑥!
𝑑 1 lim = √2𝜋 lim log 𝑎 (1 + 1𝑥)𝑥 =
𝑥→∞ 𝑥 𝑥 𝑒 −𝑥 √𝑥 𝑥→∞
(𝑐𝑠𝑐ℎ −1 𝑢) = − 𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑢 |𝑢|√1 + 𝑢2 log 𝑎 𝑒
log𝑒 (1+𝑥) 𝑥 1
𝐃𝐄𝐑𝐈𝐕𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐕𝐄 𝐎𝐅 𝐄𝐗𝐏𝐎𝐍𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐈𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐃 lim = 1 lim = log
𝑥→0 𝑥 𝑥→0 log𝑎 (1+𝑥) 𝑎𝑒

𝐋𝐎𝐆𝐀𝐑𝐈𝐓𝐇𝐌𝐈𝐂 𝐅𝐔𝐍𝐂𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝑎 𝑥 −1 sin 𝑥

lim = ln 𝑎 (𝑎 > 0) lim =1
𝑥→0 𝑥 𝑥→0 𝑥
𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒: 𝑎 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡
tan 𝑥 1−cos 𝑥
𝑑 𝑢 lim 𝑥
=1 lim 𝑥
=0
𝑥→0 𝑥→0
(𝑎 ) = 𝑎𝑢 ln 𝑎 𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑢 1−cos 𝑥 1 sin−1 𝑥
lim =2 lim =1
𝑑 𝑢 𝑥→0 𝑥2 𝑥→0 𝑥
(𝑒 ) = 𝑒 𝑢 𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑢 tan−1 𝑥 (cos−1 𝑥) 2
lim =1 lim =2
𝑥→0 𝑥 𝑥→1 1−𝑥
𝑑 1 1 1
(log 𝑎 𝑢) = log 𝑒 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑢 𝑢 2 ln 𝑎 𝑢 ln 𝑎 𝐋𝐈𝐌𝐈𝐓𝐒 𝐀𝐓 𝐈𝐍𝐅𝐈𝐍𝐈𝐓𝐘
𝑑 1 𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑠 𝑎𝑡 𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑎𝑠 lim 𝑓(𝑥)
(ln 𝑢) = 𝑑𝑢 𝑥→∞
𝑑𝑢 𝑢
1. 𝐼𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 ℎ𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝑑𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑖𝑠 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑜
𝐋𝐈𝐌𝐈𝐓 𝐈𝐃𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐈𝐓𝐈𝐄𝐒
𝑡ℎ𝑒 ℎ𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝑑𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑡𝑜
𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒: 𝑐 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡; 𝑢, 𝑣 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑤 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠
𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡 𝑖𝑠 𝑎𝑙𝑤𝑎𝑦𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑟 𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡.
lim (𝑢 ± 𝑣 ± 𝑤) = lim 𝑢 ± lim 𝑣 ± lim 𝑤
𝑥→0 𝑥→0 𝑥→0 𝑥→0
3𝑥 + 4 3
lim =
lim(𝑢𝑣𝑤) = (lim 𝑢) (lim 𝑣) (lim 𝑤) 𝑥→∞ 5𝑥 +3 5
𝑥→0 𝑥→0 𝑥→0 𝑥→0

lim 𝑢 2. 𝐼𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 ℎ𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝑑𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑖𝑠

𝑢
lim ( ) = 𝑥→0
𝑥→0 𝑣 lim 𝑣 𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 ℎ𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝑑𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟,
𝑥→0
𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑠 𝑧𝑒𝑟𝑜
lim(𝑐𝑢) = 𝑐 lim 𝑢
𝑥→0 𝑥→0
3𝑥 2 + 4
lim =0
𝑥→∞ 5𝑥 3 + 3

Disclaimer:
*The ideas and information in this review material were taken from other sources written by different authors.
*This material may not also contain all the information needed, but as far as reviewed, all relevant details
were written as much as possible.
*The text may contain grammatical and typographical errors and does not warrant the accuracy or
completeness of the material or reliability of any information written.
 TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES
QUEZON CITY
DEPARTMENT STUDENT COUNCIL
CIVIL ENGINEERING

CALCULUS FORMULAS
3. 𝐼𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 ℎ𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝑑𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑖𝑠 𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 𝐇𝐀𝐋𝐅 𝐀𝐍𝐆𝐋𝐄

𝑡ℎ𝑒 ℎ𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝑑𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑠

𝑥 1 − cos 𝑥
sin = ±√
𝑒𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟 + ∞ 𝑜𝑟 2 2

−∞ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑠 𝑤𝑖𝑙𝑙 𝑏𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦

𝑥 1 + cos 𝑥
𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡. cos = ±√
2 2
3𝑥 3 + 4
lim = +∞ 𝑥 1 − cos 𝑥 sin 𝑥 1 − cos 𝑥
𝑥→∞ 5𝑥 2 + 3
tan = ±√ = =
2 1 + cos 𝑥 1 + cos 𝑥 sin 𝑥
4. 𝐼𝑛𝑐𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑦𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒

𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡. 𝐏𝐎𝐖𝐄𝐑 𝐑𝐄𝐃𝐔𝐂𝐈𝐍𝐆

1 − cos 2𝑥
sin2 𝑥 =
2
𝐓𝐑𝐈𝐆𝐎𝐍𝐎𝐌𝐄𝐓𝐑𝐈𝐂 𝐈𝐃𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐈𝐓𝐈𝐄𝐒
1 + cos 2𝑥
cos2 𝑥 =
cos cot 2
1 − cos 2𝑥
tan2 𝑥 =
1 + cos 2𝑥
𝐒𝐔𝐌 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐃𝐈𝐅𝐅𝐄𝐑𝐄𝐍𝐂𝐄
sin 1 csc
cos(𝑥 ∓ 𝑦) = cos 𝑥 cos 𝑦 ± sin 𝑥 sin 𝑦

sin(𝑥 ± 𝑦) = sin 𝑥 cos 𝑦 ± sin 𝑦 cos 𝑥

tan sec tan 𝑥 ± tan 𝑦

tan(𝑥 ± 𝑦) =
1 ∓ tan 𝑥 tan 𝑦

𝐏𝐇𝐘𝐓𝐀𝐆𝐎𝐑𝐄𝐀𝐍 𝐈𝐃𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐈𝐓𝐈𝐄𝐒 𝐏𝐑𝐎𝐃𝐔𝐂𝐓 𝐓𝐎 𝐒𝐔𝐌

1
𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥 = 1 sin(𝑥) cos(𝑦) = [sin(𝑥 − 𝑦) + sin(𝑥 + 𝑦)]
2
1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑥 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥
1
2 2
sin(𝑥) sin(𝑦) = [cos(𝑥 − 𝑦) − cos(𝑥 + 𝑦)]
𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝑥 + 1 = 𝑐𝑠𝑐 𝑥 2

𝐃𝐎𝐔𝐁𝐋𝐄 𝐀𝐍𝐆𝐋𝐄 1
cos(𝑥) cos(𝑦) = [cos(𝑥 − 𝑦) + cos(𝑥 + 𝑦)]
2
sin 2𝑥 = 2 sin 𝑥 cos 𝑥
𝐈𝐌𝐏𝐎𝐑𝐓𝐀𝐍𝐓!
2 2
cos 2𝑥 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥
cos(−𝑥) = cos 𝑥 sin(−𝑥) = − sin 𝑥
2 tan 𝑥
tan 2𝑥 =
1 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑥

Disclaimer:
*The ideas and information in this review material were taken from other sources written by different authors.
*This material may not also contain all the information needed, but as far as reviewed, all relevant details
were written as much as possible.
*The text may contain grammatical and typographical errors and does not warrant the accuracy or
completeness of the material or reliability of any information written.
 TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES
QUEZON CITY
DEPARTMENT STUDENT COUNCIL
CIVIL ENGINEERING

CALCULUS FORMULAS
𝐒𝐏𝐄𝐂𝐈𝐀𝐋 𝐀𝐍𝐆𝐋𝐄 𝐕𝐀𝐋𝐔𝐄𝐒 𝐇𝐘𝐏𝐄𝐑𝐁𝐎𝐋𝐈𝐂 𝐅𝐔𝐍𝐂𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐈𝐃𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐈𝐓𝐈𝐄𝐒

0 30 45 60 90 𝑒 𝑥 −𝑒 −𝑥 𝑒 𝑥 +𝑒 −𝑥
sinh 𝑥 = cosh 𝑥 =
2 2
1 √2 √3
sin 0 1 cosh coth
2 2 2

√3 √2 1
cos 1 0
2 2 2

√3 sinh 1 csch
tan 0 1 √3 ∞
3

√3
cot ∞ √3 1 ∞
3 tanh sech
2√3
sec 1 √2 2 ∞
3 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ2 𝑥 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ2 𝑥 = 1 cosh 𝑥 + sinh 𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥
2√3 1 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛ℎ2 𝑥 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐ℎ2 𝑥 cosh 𝑥 − sinh 𝑥 = 𝑒 −𝑥
csc ∞ 2 √2 1
3
𝑐𝑜𝑡ℎ2 𝑥 − 1 = 𝑐𝑠𝑐ℎ2 𝑥

𝐏𝐑𝐎𝐃𝐔𝐂𝐓 𝐓𝐎 𝐒𝐔𝐌
0 1
cosh(𝑥 ± 𝑦) = cosh 𝑥 cosh 𝑦 ± sinh 𝑥 sinh 𝑦
arcsin 0 90
sinh(𝑥 ± 𝑦) = sinh 𝑥 cosh 𝑦 ± sinh 𝑦 cosh 𝑥
arccos 90 0
𝐃𝐎𝐔𝐁𝐋𝐄 𝐀𝐍𝐆𝐋𝐄
arctan 0 45
sinh 2𝑥 = 2 sinh 𝑥 cosh 𝑥
arccot ∞ 0.017
cosh 2𝑥 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ2 𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ2 𝑥
arcsec 1 0.999
𝐈𝐍𝐕𝐄𝐑𝐒𝐄 𝐇𝐘𝐏𝐄𝐑𝐁𝐎𝐋𝐈𝐂 𝐅𝐔𝐍𝐂𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒
arccsc ∞ 0.017
𝐄𝐐𝐔𝐈𝐕𝐀𝐋𝐄𝐍𝐓 𝐕𝐀𝐋𝐔𝐄𝐒

sinh−1 𝑥 = ln(𝑥 + √𝑥 2 + 1)
𝐏𝐑𝐎𝐏𝐄𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐄𝐒 𝐎𝐅 𝐋𝐎𝐆𝐀𝐑𝐈𝐓𝐇𝐌𝐒

ln 𝑥 + ln 𝑦 = ln(𝑥𝑦) ln 𝑥 − ln 𝑦 = ln(𝑥𝑦) cosh−1 𝑥 = ln(𝑥 + √𝑥 2 − 1)

1 1+𝑥
tanh−1 𝑥 = 2 ln(1−𝑥)
ln 𝑥 𝑚 = 𝑚 ln 𝑥 ln 𝑒 𝑘 = 𝑘
1 𝑥+1
𝑒 ln 𝑥 = 𝑥 ln 1 = 0 ln 𝑒 = 1 coth−1 𝑥 = 2 ln(𝑥−1)

Disclaimer:
*The ideas and information in this review material were taken from other sources written by different authors.
*This material may not also contain all the information needed, but as far as reviewed, all relevant details
were written as much as possible.
*The text may contain grammatical and typographical errors and does not warrant the accuracy or
completeness of the material or reliability of any information written.
 TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES
QUEZON CITY
DEPARTMENT STUDENT COUNCIL
CIVIL ENGINEERING

CALCULUS FORMULAS
𝐆𝐄𝐍𝐄𝐑𝐀𝐋 𝐈𝐍𝐓𝐄𝐆𝐑𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍 𝐑𝐔𝐋𝐄𝐒 𝐈𝐍𝐓𝐄𝐆𝐑𝐀𝐋 𝐎𝐅 𝐈𝐍𝐕𝐄𝐑𝐒𝐄 𝐓𝐑𝐈𝐆𝐎𝐍𝐎𝐌𝐄𝐓𝐑𝐈𝐂

𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎 𝑖𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑦 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟. 𝐅𝐔𝐍𝐂𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒

𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑢 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛.

∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 + 𝐶
1 𝑢
∫ 𝑑𝑢 = sin−1 ( ) + 𝐶
∫ 𝑎𝑓(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑎 ∫ 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 √𝑎2 − 𝑢2 𝑎
1 1 𝑢
∫ 𝑑𝑢 = tan−1 ( ) + 𝐶
∫[𝑓(𝑥) + 𝑔(𝑥)]𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑔(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 𝑎2 +𝑢 2 𝑎 𝑎
1 1 𝑢
𝑥 𝑛+1 ∫ 𝑑𝑢 = sec −1 ( ) + 𝐶
∫ 𝑥 𝑛 𝑑𝑥 = +𝐶 𝑢√𝑢2 − 𝑎2 𝑎 𝑎
𝑛+1
𝐈𝐍𝐓𝐄𝐆𝐑𝐀𝐋 𝐎𝐅 𝐋𝐎𝐆𝐀𝐑𝐈𝐓𝐇𝐌𝐈𝐂 𝐀𝐍𝐃
𝐈𝐍𝐓𝐄𝐆𝐑𝐀𝐋 𝐎𝐅 𝐓𝐑𝐈𝐆𝐎𝐍𝐎𝐌𝐄𝐓𝐑𝐈𝐂 𝐅𝐔𝐍𝐂𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒
𝐄𝐗𝐏𝐎𝐍𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐈𝐀𝐋 𝐅𝐔𝐍𝐂𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒
∫ sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = − cos 𝑥 + 𝐶
∫ 𝑢−1 𝑑𝑢 = ln|𝑢| + 𝐶

∫ cos 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = sin 𝑥 + 𝐶
∫ 𝑒 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑒 𝑢 + 𝐶

∫ tan 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = − ln|cos 𝑥| + 𝐶 = ln|sec 𝑥 | + 𝐶

𝑎𝑢
∫ 𝑎𝑢 𝑑𝑢 = +𝐶
ln 𝑎
∫ cot 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = ln|sin 𝑥| + 𝐶
𝐀𝐃𝐃𝐈𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐀𝐋 𝐅𝐎𝐑𝐌𝐔𝐋𝐀𝐒
1
∫ sec 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = ln|sec 𝑥 + tan 𝑥 | + 𝐶 ∫ √𝑢 2 ± 𝑎2 𝑑𝑢 = [𝑢√𝑢 2 ± 𝑎2 ± 𝑎2 ln |𝑢 + √𝑢 2√𝑢 2 ± 𝑎2 |]
2
+𝐶
∫ csc 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = ln|csc 𝑥 − cot 𝑥 | + 𝐶 1
∫ 𝑑𝑢 = ln |𝑢 + √𝑢2 ± 𝑎2 | + 𝐶
√𝑢2 ± 𝑎2
∫ sec 2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = tan 𝑥 + 𝐶
1 𝑢
∫ √𝑎2 − 𝑢2 𝑑𝑢 = [𝑢√𝑎2 − 𝑢2 + 𝑎2 sin−1 ( )]
2 𝑎
∫ csc 2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = − cot 𝑥 + 𝐶 +𝐶
1 1 𝑢−𝑎
∫ sec 𝑥 tan 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = sec 𝑥 + 𝐶 ∫ 𝑑𝑢 = ln | |+𝐶
𝑢2 −𝑎 2 2𝑎 𝑢 + 𝑎
1 1 𝑢+𝑎
∫ csc 𝑥 cot 𝑥 = − csc 𝑥 + 𝐶 ∫ 𝑑𝑢 = ln | |+𝐶
𝑎2 −𝑢 2 2𝑎 𝑢−𝑎
𝐈𝐍𝐓𝐄𝐆𝐑𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍 𝐁𝐘 𝐏𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐒

∫ 𝑢 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑢𝑣 − ∫ 𝑣 𝑑𝑢

Disclaimer:
*The ideas and information in this review material were taken from other sources written by different authors.
*This material may not also contain all the information needed, but as far as reviewed, all relevant details
were written as much as possible.
*The text may contain grammatical and typographical errors and does not warrant the accuracy or
completeness of the material or reliability of any information written.
 TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES
QUEZON CITY
DEPARTMENT STUDENT COUNCIL
CIVIL ENGINEERING

CALCULUS FORMULAS
𝐈𝐍𝐓𝐄𝐆𝐑𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍 𝐁𝐘 𝐓𝐑𝐈𝐆𝐎𝐍𝐎𝐌𝐄𝐓𝐑𝐈𝐂 𝐒𝐔𝐁𝐒𝐓𝐈𝐓𝐔𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏
𝑢 (𝑚𝑥 + 𝑎)2 (𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐)
√𝑎2 − 𝑢2 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑢 = 𝑎 sin 𝜃 ; 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, sin 𝜃 = 𝐴 𝐵
𝑎 = +
(𝑚𝑥 + 𝑎) (𝑚𝑥 + 𝑎)2
𝑢 𝐶
√𝑎2 + 𝑢2 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑢 = 𝑎 tan 𝜃 ; 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, tan 𝜃 = +
𝑎 (𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐)
𝑢
√𝑢2 − 𝑎2 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑢 = 𝑎 sec 𝜃 ; 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, sec 𝜃 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏
𝑎 ∫ 𝑑𝑢 =
𝑎𝑥 3 + 𝑏𝑥 2 + 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑
𝐈𝐍𝐓𝐄𝐆𝐑𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍 𝐁𝐘 𝐏𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐀𝐋 𝐅𝐑𝐀𝐂𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍 𝐃𝐄𝐂𝐎𝐌𝐏𝐎𝐒𝐈𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍
𝐴 𝐵 𝐶
∫( + + ) 𝑑𝑢
𝑅𝑈𝐿𝐸𝑆 𝐼𝑁 𝑃𝐴𝑅𝑇𝐼𝐴𝐿 𝐹𝑅𝐴𝐶𝑇𝐼𝑂𝑁: (𝑚𝑥 + 𝑎) (𝑚𝑥 + 𝑎)2 (𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐)

1. 𝐹𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑑 𝑏𝑒 𝑎 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑓𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛. 𝑪𝑨𝑺𝑬 𝟑: 𝑸𝑼𝑨𝑫𝑹𝑨𝑻𝑰𝑪 𝑨𝑵𝑫 𝑫𝑰𝑺𝑻𝑰𝑵𝑪𝑻 𝑭𝑨𝑪𝑻𝑶𝑹𝑺 (𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑔

2. 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑐𝑎𝑛 𝑏𝑒 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑢𝑡. 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝑢𝑛𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟)

3. 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏

∫ 𝑑𝑢
𝑎𝑥 3 + 𝑏𝑥 2 + 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑
𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏
𝑪𝑨𝑺𝑬 𝟏: 𝑳𝑰𝑵𝑬𝑨𝑹 𝑨𝑵𝑫 𝑫𝑰𝑺𝑻𝑰𝑵𝑪𝑻 𝑭𝑨𝑪𝑻𝑶𝑹𝑺 (𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑔 = ∫ (𝑚𝑥 + 𝑎)(𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐) 𝑑𝑢

𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏
+ 𝑐 𝑖𝑠 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 (𝑚𝑥 + 𝑎)(𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐)
𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑠 𝑎 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐) 𝐴 𝐵(2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏) + 𝐶
= +
𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 (𝑚𝑥 + 𝑎) (𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐)
∫ 𝑑𝑢 = ∫
𝑎𝑥 2+ 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 (𝑚𝑥 + 𝑎)(𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐) 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏
∫ 𝑑𝑢
𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 (𝑚𝑥 + 𝑎)(𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐)
(𝑚𝑥 + 𝑎)(𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐)
𝐴 𝐵(2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏) + 𝐶
= ∫( + ) 𝑑𝑢
𝐴 𝐵 (𝑚𝑥 + 𝑎) (𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐)
= + (𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝐴&𝐵)
(𝑚𝑥 + 𝑎) (𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐)
𝑪𝑨𝑺𝑬 𝟑: 𝑸𝑼𝑨𝑫𝑹𝑨𝑻𝑰𝑪 𝑨𝑵𝑫 𝑹𝑬𝑷𝑬𝑨𝑻𝑰𝑵𝑮 𝑭𝑨𝑪𝑻𝑶𝑹𝑺 (𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏
∫ 2 𝑑𝑢 𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑦𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑢𝑛𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒
𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐
𝐴 𝐵 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠)
=∫ 𝑑𝑢 + ∫ 𝑑𝑢
(𝑚𝑥 + 𝑎) (𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐) 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏
∫ 𝑎𝑥 4 + 𝑏𝑥 3 + 𝑐𝑥 2 + 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑒 𝑑𝑢 ∫ 𝑑𝑢
𝑪𝑨𝑺𝑬 𝟐: 𝑳𝑰𝑵𝑬𝑨𝑹 𝑨𝑵𝑫 𝑹𝑬𝑷𝑬𝑨𝑻𝑰𝑵𝑮 𝑭𝑨𝑪𝑻𝑶𝑹𝑺 (𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑔 = (𝑚𝑥 + 𝑎)(𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐)2

𝑖𝑠 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠) 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏

(𝑚𝑥 + 𝑎)(𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐)2
𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏
∫ 𝑑𝑢 = ∫
𝑎𝑥 3 2
+ 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑 (𝑚𝑥 + 𝑎)2 (𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐) 𝐴 𝐵(2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏) + 𝐶 𝐷(2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏) + 𝐸
= + +
(𝑚𝑥 + 𝑎) (𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐) (𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐)2

Disclaimer:
*The ideas and information in this review material were taken from other sources written by different authors.
*This material may not also contain all the information needed, but as far as reviewed, all relevant details
were written as much as possible.
*The text may contain grammatical and typographical errors and does not warrant the accuracy or
completeness of the material or reliability of any information written.
 TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES
QUEZON CITY
DEPARTMENT STUDENT COUNCIL
CIVIL ENGINEERING

CALCULUS FORMULAS
𝐀𝐏𝐏𝐋𝐈𝐂𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒 𝐎𝐅 𝐈𝐍𝐓𝐄𝐆𝐑𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍

𝐀𝐫𝐞𝐚 𝐁𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝𝐞𝐝 𝐛𝐲 𝐭𝐰𝐨 𝐨𝐫 𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐯𝐞𝐬

𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡: 𝐴 = ∫(𝑌𝐴 − 𝑌𝐵 )𝑑𝑥

𝐻𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡: 𝐴 = ∫(𝑋𝑅 − 𝑋𝐿 )𝑑𝑦

𝐂𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐢𝐝

𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡:
𝑏
𝐴 𝑇 𝑋̅ = ∫𝑎 𝑥(𝑌𝐴 − 𝑌𝐵 )𝑑𝑥

1 𝑏
𝐴 𝑇 𝑌̅ = ∫ (𝑌𝐴 2 − 𝑌𝐵 2 )𝑑𝑥
2 𝑎

𝐻𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡:

1 𝑏
𝐴 𝑇 𝑋̅ = ∫ (𝑋𝑅 2 − 𝑋𝐿 2 )𝑑𝑦
2 𝑎
𝑏
𝐴 𝑇 𝑌̅ = ∫ 𝑦(𝑋𝑅 − 𝑋𝐿 )𝑑𝑦
𝑎

𝐕𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐦𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐢𝐝 𝐨𝐟 𝐑𝐞𝐯𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧

𝑀𝑒𝑡ℎ𝑜𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝑦𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑘𝑠:

𝑏
𝑉 = 𝜋 ∫ 𝑟 2 𝑑ℎ
𝑎

𝑀𝑒𝑡ℎ𝑜𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑅𝑖𝑛𝑔/𝑊𝑎𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑟:

𝑏
𝑉 = 𝜋 ∫ (𝑅2 2 − 𝑅1 2 )𝑑ℎ
𝑎

𝑀𝑒𝑡ℎ𝑜𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝑦𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑠:

𝑏
𝑉 = 2𝜋 ∫ ℎ𝑟 𝑑𝑟
𝑎

𝐀𝐫𝐜 𝐋𝐞𝐧𝐠𝐭𝐡

𝑏
𝑑𝑥 2
𝑆 = ∫ √( ) + 1 𝑑𝑦
𝑎 𝑑𝑦

Disclaimer:
*The ideas and information in this review material were taken from other sources written by different authors.
*This material may not also contain all the information needed, but as far as reviewed, all relevant details
were written as much as possible.
*The text may contain grammatical and typographical errors and does not warrant the accuracy or
completeness of the material or reliability of any information written.