You are on page 1of 199

‫סליחות‬

‫ע"פ מנהג חב"ד‬

© Published and Copyright by Kehot Publications


Kfar Chabad, Israel

Purchase the complete annotated Selichot with English translation online:

www.chabad.org/316641
‡ Ô¢‡¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 1

:‰Ïq ¨ ¤ EeÏÏ‰È § © § „BÚ ,E˙È· ¤ ¥ È·LBÈ ¥ § i3 x2¥ W§1 `©à


Ìr‰¨ ¨ ȯL‡ ¥ § © ,BJ ‰ÎkL ¨ ¨ ¤ Ìr‰ ¨ ¨ ȯL ¥ § ‡©á
EÓÓB¯‡
§ ¦ £ ,„Â„Ï ¦ ¨ § ‰J‰ ¨ ¦ z⧠:ÂȉG‡ ¨ ¡ ‰Â‰ÈL ¨Ÿ § ¤
:„r¤ ¨ ÌIBÚϨ § EÓL § ¦ ‰Î¯·‡Â ¨ § ¨ £ © ,CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © ȉBI‡ © ¡
ÌÏBÚÏ
¨ § EÓL § ¦ ‰Iω‡Â ¨ § © £ © ,jί·‡ ¨ ¤ § ¨ £ ÌBÈ-IÎa ¨ §
Ôȇ¥ B˙l„‚I¨ ª § ¦ § ,„‡Ó Ÿ § IJ‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„b¨ :„rÂ̈ ¤
¤Ÿ
EÈ˙¯e·‚e § ,EÈNrÓ ¤ £ © ÁaLÈ © © § ¯B„I§ ¯Bc :¯˜Á ¤¥
¤ Ÿ § § ¦ ȯ·„Â
EÈ˙‡ÏÙ ¥ § ¦ § ,E„B‰ ¤ „B·k§ ¯„‰ © £ :e„ÈbÈ ¦©
E˙J„‚e
§ ¨ ª § ,e¯Ó‡È ¥ Ÿ EÈ˙‡¯B ¤ Ÿ § ÊeÊr ¡ ¤ :‰ÁÈN‡ ¨ ¦ ¨
E˙˜„ˆÂ
§ ¨ § ¦ § ,eÚÈaÈ ¦ © E·eË-·¯
§ © ¯ÎÊ ¤ ¤ :‰p¯tÒ‡ ¨¤§ ©£
-I„‚e ¨ § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌeÁ¯Â © § ÔepÁ© :ep¯È ¥ ©§
-Ïk-Ïr
¨ © ÂÈÓÁ¯Â ¨ £ © § ,ÏkI Ÿ © ‰Â‰È-·BË ¨Ÿ § :„ÒÁ̈ ¤
EÈ„ÈÒÁÂ
¤ ¦ £ © ,EÈNrÓ-Ïk¤ £ © ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Ee„BÈ :ÂÈNrÓ ¨ £©
E˙¯e·‚e
§ ¨ § ,e¯Ó‡È ¥ Ÿ E˙eÎÏÓ § § © „B·k§ :‰Îeί·È ¨ §¨ §
¨Ÿ
,ÂÈ˙¯e·b § Ì„‡‰ ¨ ¨ ¨ È·Ï ¥ § ¦ | rÈ„B‰Ï © ¦ § :e¯a„È ¥ ©§
˙eÎÏÓ § © ,E˙eÎIÓ§ § © :B˙eÎÏÓ § © ¯„‰ © £ „B·Îe §
Ÿ ¨ ¯Bc-IÎa
:¯„ ¨ § EzÏLÓÓe § §© § ¤ ¦ ¨Ÿ
,ÌÈÓÏÚ-Ik̈
-ÏÎI ¨ § Û˜BÊ ¥ § ,ÌÈÏÙp‰-IÎI ¦ § Ÿ © ¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § CÓBÒ ¥
‰z‡Â¨ © § ,e¯aNÈ ¥ © § EÈI‡ ¤ ¥ ÏÎ-ÈÈr Ÿ ¥ ¥ :ÌÈÙeÙk‰ ¦ § ©
Ô˙Â
:ÍÏȇ ‡ ‰Ó˜ Ì˘ (‚ :ÂË „Ó˜ Ì˘ (· :‰ „Ù ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
¯˜Â·‰ ˙¯ÂÓ˘‡· Z ÌÈÓȉ ¯‡˘· .‰ÏÈÏ ˙ˆÁÏ ÍÂÓÒ·Â ¯Á‡ ÔÈÏÈÁ˙Ó Z '‡‰ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(54 'ÓÚ ,ÌÈ‚‰Ó‰ ¯ÙÒ) Z
.(‚Î 'ÓÚ ,ȯ˘˙-ÏÂχ ,'„"·Á È‚‰Ó ¯ˆÂ‡') È˘Ó ˜Â˯ÈÒ· ˘Â·Ï ˙ÂÁÈÏÒÏ ‡ˆÈ È·¯‰ (2
.('„"·Á ÏÏÂÎ ÁÂÏ') ‰Î¯· ‡Ï· ˙ÈÏË· ÛËÚ˙Ó ¯Â·Èˆ ÁÈÏ˘ (3
Ô¢‡¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 2

,E„È-˙‡
¤ ¨ ¤ Á˙Bt© ¥ :Bzra ¦ § ÌÏ·-˙‡
¨ § ¨ ¤ ̉Ï-Ô˙B ¤¨ ¥
-IÎa ¨Ÿ § ˜Ècˆ
¨ § ‰Â‰È ¦ © :ÔBˆ¯¨ ÈÁ-ÏÎI © ¨ § rÈaNÓe © ¦ § ©
-ÏÎI ¨Ÿ § ·B¯˜¨ :ÂÈNrÓ-ÏÎa
¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨ £ © ¨ § „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ § ,ÂÈίc
¨ ¨ §
-ÔBˆ¯§ :˙Ó‡· ¤ ¡ ¤ e‰‡¯˜È ª ¨ § ¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ÏÎI Ÿ § ,Âȇ¯˜ ¨ §Ÿ
:ÌrÈLBÈÂ
¥ ¦ § ÚÓLÈ © § ¦ Ì˙rÂL-˙‡Â
¨ ¨§© ¤ § ,‰NrÈ ¤ £ © Âȇ¯È¨ ¥§
¨ £Ÿ
-Ïk¨ ˙‡Â¥ § ,ÂÈ·‰‡-Ik-˙‡ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯ÓBL ¥
,Èt¦ ¯a„Ȥ © § ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ˙l‰z © ¦ § :„ÈÓLÈ ¦ § © ÌÈrL¯‰̈¦¨ §
:„r¤ ¨ ÌIBÚÏ
¨ § BL„˜ § ¨ ÌL ¥ ¯Na-Ik¨ ¨ ¨ C¯·È ¥¨ ¦
:dÈeIω
¨ § © ÌIBÚ-„rÂ
¨ © § ‰zrÓ ¨ © ¥ ,dȨ C¯· § © £ Âà©
¥ ¨ § | eÁ‡
:˘È„˜ ȈÁ ı"˘Ï
CÈÏÓÈÂ
¦ § © § d˙eÚ¯Î
¥ § ¦ ‡¯· ¨ § Èc¦ ‡ÓÏra¨ § ¨ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § Lc˜˙È© © § ¦ § lCBz
© © § i1¦
ÔBÎÈiÁa
¥ © § :ÔÓ‡ .dÁÈLÓ ¥ ¦ § ·¯˜È ¥ ¨ ¦ d˜¯et
¥¨ § ÁÓˆÈÂ
© § © § ,d˙eÎIÓ
¥ § ©
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,·È¯˜ ¦ ¨ ÔÓÊ·e
© § ¦ ‡I‚ra
¨ ¨ £ © ,I‡¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-I΄
¥ ¨ § ÈiÁ·e ¥ © § ÔBÎÈÓBÈ·e
¥ §
ÁazLÈÂ
© © § ¦ § C¯a˙È ¥ ¨ § ¦ :‡iÓÏr
¨ © § ¨ ÈÓIrÏe
¥ § ¨ § ÌÏrÏ © ¨ § C¯·Ó © ¨ § ‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § ‡‰È ¥§
‡L„e˜c
¨ § § dÓL ¥ § Il‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‰lr˙ÈÂ
¤ © § ¦ § ¯c‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‡O˙ÈÂ
¥ © § ¦ § ÌÓB¯˙ÈÂ
¨ § ¦ § ¯‡t˙ÈÂ¥ ¨ § ¦§
,‡˙ÓÁÂ
¨ ¨ ¡ ¤ § ‡˙ÁaLz
¨ ¨ § § ª ,‡˙¯ÈL ¨ ¨ ¦ § ‡˙ίa-Ïk
¨ ¨ § ¦ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ‡lrÏ ¨ ¥ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡e‰ Cȯa ¦§
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,‡ÓIra
¨ § ¨ § Ô¯ÈÓ‡c
¨ ¦ £ ©

¥ § ¦ Ó©â :ÌÈt‰
ÔB‡˙p-‰ ¦ ¨ © ˙La¤ Ÿ eÏ ¨ § ,‰˜„v‰
¨ ¨ § © È„‡¨Ÿ £ Ll§ á
¨ § § ä© :˜cˈp-‰Óe
‰NtÁ ¨© §¦ © ¯a„p-‰Ó
¥ © § © ¯Ó‡p-‰ © Ÿ Óe ©ã
‰ËeLÙ
¨ § EÈÓ § ¦ Èå§ Èk¦ ,EÈχ¤ ¥ ‰·eL¨ ¨ § ‰¯˜Á ¨Ÿ § © § eÈί„
¥ ¨ §
,EÈÙÏ
¤ ¨ § e‡a¨ ÌÈNrÓ·-‡Ï¦ £ © § Ÿ § „ÒÁ·-‡Ï
¤ ¤ § Ÿ :ÌÈ·L ¦ ¨ Ïa˜I¥ ©§
ÌeÁ¯æ© e˜Ù„ § © ¨ EÈ˙Ïc ¤ ¨ § :EÈ˙I„
¤ ¨ § e˜Ùc§ © ¨ ÌÈL¯Îe
¦ ¨ § ÌÈl„k¦ ©§
ÔÂÁÂ
‰Îȇ (‰ :ÊË „Ó ˙È˘‡¯· Ù"Ú („ :ËÏ ‚ ‰Îȇ Ù"Ú (‚ :Ê Ë Ï‡È„ (· :ÁÈ Â˘ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
: „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ÁÏ˘· ‡ÓÂÁ˙ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ó Ì˘
,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‰ÁÈ˘Ó ·¯˜È ,‡·¯ ‰Ó˘ ˙·È˙‰ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘È„˜· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ (1 ˙‚‰‰
(¯Ó‡ ˙ˆ˜ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ͯ·˙È . . ‰Ó˘ ‡‰È (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁÂ
ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‡Â‰ Íȯ· ‡˘„˜„ ‰Ó˘ (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) Ïω˙È . . Á·˙˘ÈÂ
.(6 'ÓÚ ,ÌÈ‚‰Ó‰ ¯ÙÒ)
· Ô¢‡¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 3
ekÏÓ
¥ § © EÈÙlÓ
¤ ¨ § ¦ :EÈÙlÓ
¤ ¨ § ¦ ̘ȯ ¨ ¥ e·ÈLz-χ
¥ ¦ § © ‡¨ ,ÔepÁ ©§
:‰JÙz © ¥ Là ‰z‡
¨ ¦ § rÓB ¨ © Èk¦ ,e·ÈLz
¥ ¦ § χ© ̘ȯ ¨ ¥
Ÿ £ © § ¦ § ¯Na-ÏÎ
˙ÂÁzL‰Ï ¨ ¨ ¨ ‡B·Èâ̈ :e‡·ÈŸ ¨ ¯Na-Ïk
¨ ¨ ¨ EÈ„r ¨ ¦ § ÓnF
¤ ¨ ,‰lÙz ©¥ W
á
:EÓLI¤ § ¦ e„aÎÈ § © ¦ ,È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ EÈÙÏ £ © § ¦ § | e‡B·Èã̈ :‰Â‰È
¤ ¨ § eÂÁzLÈ ¨Ÿ § EÈÙI ¤¨§
| ÂȯrL ¨ ¨ § e‡Ÿaå :eNÚ ¥ Ÿ ‰Â‰È-ÈÙÏ ¨Ÿ § ¥ § ¦ ‰Î¯· ¨ § § ¦ ,‰r¯Î ¨ ¨ § ¦ § ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ e‡Ÿaä
¨Ÿ § ¤ eίa
‰Â‰È-˙‡ § ¨ | ‰p¥ ‰æ¦ :BÓL § eίa § ¨ BÏ-e„B‰ ,‰l‰˙a ¨ ¦ § ¦ ÂÈ˙¯ˆÁ ¨ Ÿ ¥ £ ‰„B˙a ¨ §
,L„˜ ¤Ÿ Ì΄È-e‡N¤ ¥§ § :˙BÏÈla ¨Ÿ §
¥ © ‰Â‰È-˙È·a ¥ § ÌÈ„ÓÚ‰ ¦ § Ÿ ¨ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È„·r-Ïk̈
¥§ ©
eÓÓB§ ¯è :ÂÈÏ‚¯ ¨ § © Ì„‰Ï Ÿ £ © ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ ,ÂÈ˙BkLÓÏ ¨ § § ¦ § ‰‡B ¨ ·ç ¨ :‰Â‰È-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ¤ eί·e §¨
eȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eÓÓB § ¯é :‡e‰ LB„˜¨ ,ÂÈÏ‚¯ ¨ § © Ì„‰Ï Ÿ £ © eÂÁzL‰Â £ © § ¦ § eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ §
¨Ÿ © eÂÁzL
‰Â‰ÈÏ £ © § ‰ë¦ :eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § LB„˜-Èk ¨ ¦ ,BL„˜ § ¨ ¯‰Ï © § eÂÁzL‰Â £ © § ¦§
‡B·¨ EcÒÁ § § © ·¯a Ÿ § eÁ‡ § © £ Âì© :ı¯‡‰-Ïk¤ ¨ ¨ ¨ ÂÈtÓ ¨ ¨ ¦ eIÈÁ¦ ,L„˜-˙¯„‰a ¤Ÿ © §© §
ÏÎȉ-χ
© ¥ ¤ ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § î¦ :E˙‡¯Èa ¤ ¨ § ¦ § EL„˜-ÏÎȉ-χ
§ § ¨ © ¥ ¤ ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ ,E˙È· ¤ ¥
-Ïk-Ïr
¨ © zÏc‚‰-Èk ¨ § © § ¦ ¦ ,EzÓ‡-Ir ¤ ¦ £ © § EcÒÁ-Ïr § § © © EÓL-˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ‰„B ¤ § EL„˜ § §¨
E˙eÓ‡Â
§ ¨ ¡ ¤ ,dȨ | ÔÈÒÁ ¦ £ EBÓÎ-ÈÓ ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ | ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èð§ :E˙¯Ó‡ ¤ ¨ § ¦ EÓL § ¦
:ÌÈI‡ ¦ ¥ È·a¥ § ¦ ‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨Ÿ © ‰Ó„È ¤ § ¦ ,‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨Ÿ © C¯rÈ Ÿ £ © ˜ÁM· © © © ÈÓ¦ Èkñ¦ :EÈ˙B·È·Ò ¤ ¦ §
ÏB„‚-È ¨ kô¦ :Ec·I ¤ © § Ìȉχ ¦ Ÿ ¡ ‰z‡ ¨ © ,˙B‡IÙ ¨ § ¦ ‰NÚ ¥ Ÿ § ‰z‡ ¨ © IB„‚-È ¨ kò¦
Ÿ § Ïl‰Óe
,„‡Ó ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„bö̈ :EzÓ‡ ¤ ¦ £ ÌȘÁL-„r ¦ ¨ § © § ,EcÒÁ ¤ § © ÌÈÓL-ÏrÓ ¦© ¨ ©¥
‡e‰ ‡¯B ¨ ,„‡Ó Ÿ § Ïl‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„‚¨ Èk÷¦ :¯˜Á ¤ ¥ Ôȇ¥ B˙l„‚Ï ¨ ª§ ¦ §
¦ Ÿ ¡ ¨ © IB„b¨ CÏÓe
¯L¤ ‡£ù :Ìȉχ-Ïk-Ïr ¤ ¤ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„b¨ χ¥ Èkø¦ :Ìȉχ-Ïk-Ir ¦Ÿ ¡ ¨ ©
‡G ÈÓú¦ :E˙¯e·‚Π¤ Ÿ § ¦ § EÈNrÓÎ ¤ £ © § ‰NrÈ-¯L‡ ¤ £ © ¤ £ ı¯‡·e ¤ ¨ ¨ ÌÈÓMa ¦ © ¨ © χ-ÈÓ ¥ ¦
Ì˙eÎÏÓ-Ïηe
¨ § © ¨ § ÌÈBb‰ ¦ © ÈÓÎÁ-Ïη ¥ § © ¨ § Èk¦ ,‰˙‡È ¨ ¨ ¨ Eϧ Èk¦ ÌÈBb‰ ¦ © CÏÓ ¤ ¤ E‡¯È £ ¨¦
Eϧá :‰¯e·‚a ¨ § ¦ EÓL § ¦ ÏB„‚ ¨ § ‰z‡ ¨ © ÏB„b¨ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EBÓk¨ Ôȇ¥ Óॠ:EBÓk¨ ÔÈ‡Ó ¥ ¥
‰z‡ ¨ © ,‰ÏÈI ¨ § ¨ EI-Û‡ § © ÌBÈ Eϧâ :EÈÓÈ ¤ ¦ § Ìe¯z¨ E„ȧ ¨ ÊÚz Ÿ ¨ ,‰¯e·b-Ìr ¨ § ¦ rB¯Ê © §
:BÏ Ìȯ‰ ¦ ¨ ˙ÙrB˙ Ÿ £ § ,ı¯‡-ȯ˜ÁÓ ¤ ¨ ¥ § § ¤ B„Èa ¨ § ¯L ¤ ‡£ã :LÓL ¤ ¨ ¨ ¯B‡Ó¨ ˙BÈΉ ¨ ¦£
‰l„b‰
¨ ª § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Eϧ å :B˙J‰z-Ïk ¨ ¦ § ¨ rÈÓLÈ © ¦ § © ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ˙B¯e·b§ IlÓÈ ¥ © § ÈÓä¦
¨Ÿ § Eϧ ,ı¯‡·e
‰Â‰È ¤ ¨ ¨ ÌÈÓMa ¦ © ¨ © ÏÎ-Èk Ÿ ¦ ,„B‰‰Â © § Áˆp‰Â © ¥ © § ˙¯‡Ùz‰Â ¤ ¤ § ¦ © § ‰¯e·b‰Â ¨ §©§
Ï·z
¥ ¥ ,ı¯‡ ¤ ¨ EI-Û‡ § © ÌÈÓL ¦ © ¨ Eϧ æ :L‡¯Ï Ÿ § | ÏÎÏ Ÿ § ‡O˙n‰Â ¥ © § ¦ © § ,‰ÎIÓn‰ ¨¨ § © ©
‰‡ÏÓÂ
‰ˆ Ì˘ (‰ :Ë ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚Î ÂÒ ‰ÈÚ˘È (‚ :‚ ‰Ò ÌÈω˙ (· :· ,ÁÎ ˙Âί· (‡ ‡"Â˙
:Ë Âˆ Ì˘ (Î :Ë Ì˘ (È :‰ ˈ Ì˘ (Ë :Ê ·Ï˜ Ì˘ (Á :·-‡ „Ϙ Ì˘ (Ê :„ ˜ Ì˘ ( :Â
:È ÂÙ Ì˘ (Ú :Ê Ì˘ (Ò :Ë ËÙ Ì˘ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ÁϘ Ì˘ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Á ‰ Ì˘ (Ï
È ‰ÈÓ¯È (˙ :„Î ‚ Ìȯ·„ (˘ :‚ ‰ˆ Ì˘ (¯ :„ ˆ Ì˘ (˜ :‚ ‰Ó˜ Ì˘ (ˆ :‰ Á˜ Ì˘ (Ù
ȯ·„ ( :· ˜ Ì˘ (‰ :„ ‰ˆ Ì˘ („ :ÊË „Ú Ì˘ (‚ :„È ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (· :Â Ì˘ (‡ :Ê
:·È ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (Ê :‡È ËÎ ‡-ÌÈÓȉ
Ô¢‡¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 4
¤Ÿ ¨ ıȘ
Û¯Á ¦ © ,ı¯‡ ¤ ¨ ˙BÏe·b-Ïk § ¨ z·v‰ ¨ § © ¦ ‰z¨ ‡à© :Ìz„ÒÈ ¨ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ © d‡ÏÓe ¨Ÿ §
:ÌÈiˆÏ¦ ¦ § ÌrÏ © § IÎ‡Ó ¨ £ © epzz ¤ § ¦ ,Ô˙ÈÂÏ ¨ ¨ § ¦ ÈL‡¯¥ ¨ zˆv¯ ¨ § © ¦ ‰z¨ ‡á© :Ìz¯ˆÈ ¨ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ ©
¨ § © ‰z¨ ‡â© :Ô˙ȇ
z¯¯BÙ ¨ ¥ ˙B¯‰ £ © zL·B‰
¨ § © ‰z‡ ¨ © ,ÏÁ© ¨ ¨ ÔÈrÓ¨ § © zr˜· ¨ § © ¨ ‰z‡ ¨ ©
,Ìi‰
¨ © ˙e‡‚a ¥ § ÏLBÓ ¥ ‰z¨ ‡ã© :ÌÈn‰-Ïr¦ ¨ © © ÌÈÈp˙ ¦ ¦ © ÈL‡¯¥ ¨ z¯aL ¨ § © ¦ ,ÌȨ Efr· §¨ §
¥ Ÿ ¡ ¯Èra
eȉχ ¦ § ,„‡Ó Ÿ § ÏJ‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„bä̈ :ÌÁaL˙ ¥ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ © ÂÈl‚ ¨ © ‡BNa§
¦ Ÿ ¡ ¨ ‡e‰-‰z‡
Ìȉχ‰ ¨ © ÌÈ·¯k‰ ¦ ª § © ·LÈ ¥ Ÿ χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èå§ :BL„˜-¯‰ §¨ ©
e„BÈÂç§ :ÂÈ·È·Ò-Ïk-Ïr
¨ ¦ § ¨ © ‡¯B ¨ § ,‰a¯ ¦Ÿ §
¨ © ÌÈL„˜-„BÒa § ı¯r ¨ £ © χ¥æ :Ec·Ï ¤©§
¨Ÿ © ‰p¯
,‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨ § © § eÎϧè :ÌÈL„˜ ¦ Ÿ § ω˜a © § ¦ E˙eÓ‡-Û‡§ ¨ ¡ © ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § E‡Ït £ § ¦ ÌÈÓL ¦© ¨
˜„¤ ˆ¤é :BÏ rȯ © ¦ ¨ ˙B¯ÓÊa ¦ § ¦ ,‰„B˙a ¨ § ÂÈÙ ¨ ¨ ‰Óc˜ ¨ § © § :erLÈ ¥ § ¦ ¯eˆÏ§ ‰rȯ ¨ ¦¨
˜ÈzÓ ¦ § © ÂcÁ ¨ § È© ¯L ¤ ‡£ë :EÈÙ ¤ ¨ eÓc˜È § © § ˙Ӈ ¤ ¡ ¤ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ,E‡Òk ¤ § ¦ ÔBÎÓ§ ËtLÓe ¨ § ¦
˙LaÈÂ
¤ ¤ © § ,e‰Nr ¨ ¨ ‡e‰Â§ Ìi‰ ¨ © BÏ-¯L ¤ ‡£ì :L‚¯a ¤ ¨ § Cl‰ ¥ © § Ìȉχ ¦ Ÿ ¡ ˙È·a ¥ § ,„BÒ
CϨ ‰ÓLp‰ ¨ ¨ § © :Lȇ-¯Na-Ïk ¦ © § ¨ Áe¯Â © § ,ÈÁ-Ïk ¨ ¨ LÙ ¤ ¤ B„Èa ¨ § ¯L ¤ ‡£î :e¯ˆÈ ¨ ¨ ÂÈ„È ¨¨
‰Nr¥ £ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èð§ ,ClL ¨ ¤ Ûeb‰Â © § CI¨ ‰ÓLp‰ ¨ ¨ § © :CÏÓr ¨ ¨ £ Ïr© ‰ÒeÁ ¨ ,CÏrt¨ ¢ ¨ Ûeb‰Â ©§
„B·k§ ¯e·ra £ © :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èð§ EÓL § ¦ Ïr© e‡˙‡ ¨ ¨ :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ ©©§
¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒÂ
Èk¦ eÂrÏ ¨ § © ¨ § ,‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § EÓL-Ôr § ¦ © ÓÏ ò© § :EÓL ¤ § ÌeÁ¯Â © § ÔepÁ-χ© ¥ Èk ñ ¦ ,EÓL § ¦
:‡e‰-·¯©
.eÈ‚L
¦ ¨ ezÏe‡ Ÿ § Èk¦ ,eÈ·‡
¥ § © ¦ ·¯a ¦ ¨ eÏ-ÁÏÒ
¨ © §
¥Ÿ £ ea¯© Èk¦ ,ekÏÓ
:eÈÂr ¥ § © eI-ÏÁÓ
¨ © §
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
:ÌÈÁÈN ¦ ¦ CtL Ÿ § ¦ ÌÈÙ ¦ ¨ el‡a ¥ § .ÌÈÁe˙Ó ¦ § ¯c© EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ‰t¤ ÁzÙ © § ¦ Ki`¥
˙B·rB˙· ¥ § e˜·c § © ¨ .ÌÈÁBÎp‰Â
¦ § © § ÌȯLȉ ¦ ¨ § © EÈ˙B·È˙ ¤ ¦ § eÏrb̈
§ ©
.ÌÈÁecÓe
¦ © ‡ÂL § ¨ ˙B‡N § Óô© ȯÁ‡ ¥ £ © eÎω § © ¨ :ÌÈÁeÊ ¦ § ÌÈNrÓ·e ¦ £© §
˙BkL § § Óö¦ ˙Èa¥ elLa ¨ ¤ § zÓrÊ ¨ § © ¨ :ÌÈÁˆÓ ¦ ¨ § eÊr‰Â § © ¥ § Û¯Ú ¤Ÿ eÈL˜‰Â¦ § ¦§
¦ £ Ÿ eÏËÏËÂ
ÌÈ‰k ¨ § ª § e„¯Ë ¨Ÿ :ÌÈÁBÁÈ ¦ ¦ Áȯ © ¥ ÒÙe © ·¯Á ¥ ¨ .ÌÈÁË·Ó ¦ ¨ § ¦
ÌȯȈ ¦ ¦ È„È-Ïr
¥ § © ez¯qÈ ¨ § © ¦ ‰nk ¨ © :ÌÈÁ·Êe ¦ ¨ § ˙BÏBÚ C¯r ¤ ¥ Èr„BÈ
¥ § .ÌÈÁeLÓ ¦ §
e‡¨ ‰zr ¨ © „r © § ʇӨ ¥ :ÌÈÁÈÎBÓÏ
¦ ¦ § rBÓLÏ © § ¦ e·L˜‰ § © § ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ .ÌÈÁeÏL ¦ §
ÔÈa¥ ËrÓ ¨ § È˙¥ Ó÷§ e„¯N § ©Ÿ :ÌÈÁaË ¦ ¨ § ¦ § ÌÈËÁL ¦ ¨ § ¦ § ÌÈ‚¯‰ ¦ ¨ ¡ ¤ .ÌÈÁc ¦ ¨¦
ÌȈ˜
·-ÌÈÎÏÓ ( :· ÁÓ Ì˘ (‰ :È ËÙ Ì˘ („ :‚È Ì˘ (‚ :ÂË-„È Ì˘ (· :ÊÈ „Ú ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
‰ Ì˘ (Î :ÂË ËÙ Ì˘ (È :·-‡ ‰ˆ Ì˘ (Ë :Â Ì˘ (Á :Á ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ËÈ
‰Î ÌÈω˙ (Ú :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡Ï Ë ‰ÈÓÁ (Ò :Ê „È ‰ÈÓ¯È ( :È ·È ·Âȇ (Ó :‰ ‰ˆ Ì˘ (Ï :ÂË
:‰ ÂÎ Ìȯ·„ Ù"Ú (˜ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÁÈ ·Ï ‰ÈÚ˘È (ˆ :„È · ‰Îȇ (Ù :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡È
‚ Ô¢‡¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 5
Enr§ © ÈίBt
¥ § :ÌÈÁ¯¦ ¨ § ‡ˆÓŸ § ÈÏa ¦ § ˙BÏΨ eÈÈ ¥ rᥠ.ÌÈÁeÒk¦ § ÌȈB ¦ ˜à
ÌÈÓ˜¦ ¨ :ÌÈÁÈÏˆÓ ¦ ¦ § © ‰nÏ ¨ ¨ ·¯r ¤ ¤ ¨ ¯Ùˆ¤ ¤ .ÌÈÁÁBL
¦£ *Ï·I
¥ § ¯L‡¤ £
„r© ÔÎ¥ ŸLâ :**ÌÈÁËBa¦ § Ìz‡
¤ © ‰na ¨ © ÌȈeˆ¯
¦ § .ÌÈÁÁBN
¦£ ˙Bˆ‡¨ ¤ CÏeÓI
¨ §
:ÌÈÁ‡˙eÓ
¦ ¨ § E·e§ EÈÏr ¤ ¨ ÌÈÎeÓz
¦ § .ÌÈÁe‡
¦ £ ÔBaIra § ¤ § ‰Ùˆ ¥ § LB„˜Â ¨§
e‡¨ ÌÈa¯‰ ¤ £ © © Èkä¦ .ÌÈÁˆÏ
¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr ¦ ¨ § ¦ rLe
© ¥ ¨ ¦ EÈÓÈ ã§
§ ¦ § ˙B‡¯B¨ a
:ÌÈÁeË·
¦ §
ÌÈrL¦ ¨ § ¦ e‡¨ EÈ˙B˜„ˆ-ÏrÂ
¤ § ¦ © § .ÌÈÁeË· ¦ § e‡¨ ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr¤ £ © © iMä¦
CÏÓ
¤ ¤ ‡e‰ ‰z‡ ¨ © :ÌÈtˆÓ¦ © § e‡¨ E˙reLÈÏÂ
§ ¨ ¦ § ÌÈe˜Ó
¦ © § e‡¨ EÈ˙BÁÈÏÒϤ ¦ §¦§
˙¯Bk ¥ .Âȇ¯È ¨ ¥ § ˙‡hÁ Ÿ © ¯ÈÒÓe ¦ ¥ ,Bnr© ˙BÂr Ÿ £ ¯È·rÓ ¦ £ © .Ì„wÓ ¤ ¤ ¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ·‰B ¥ ‡å
Ôra
© £ © z„¯iL¨ § © ¨ ¤ ‡e‰ ‰z¨ ‡©æ :ÌÈB¯Á‡Ï ¦ £ © ¨ ‰re·L ¨ § Ìi˜Óe ¥ © § ,ÌÈBL‡¯I¦ ¦ ¨ ˙ȯa ¦§
-˙BÁ¯‡Â § ¨ § .Ec·r ¤ § © ‰LÓϤ Ÿ § E·eË § ÈÎ¥ ¯„§ © ˙ȇ¯‰Â
¨ ¥ § ¤ § ÈÈÒ © ¦ ¯‰-Ïr © © E„B·k ¤ §
ÌÈt‡¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© Ï‡ç¥ ‰z‡ ¨ © Èk¦ Bzr„B‰Â § © § .BÏ ˙Èlb ¨ ¦ ¦ EÈ„ÒÁ ¤¨ £
ÔÎÂ¥ § :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ ˙cÓa © ¦ § Blkª ÌÏBÚ‰ ¨ ¨ ‚ȉÓe ¦ § © .·ÈˉI ¦ ¥ § ‰a¯Óe ¤ § © „ÒÁ-·¯Â ¤ ¤ ©§
‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ÌL· ¥ § È˙‡¯˜Â¦ ¨ ¨ § EÈt-Ïr
¤ ¨ © È·eË-Ïk¦ ¨ ¯È·r‡ ¦ £ © È‡ ¦ £ ¯Ó‡i ¤ Ÿ è© ,·e˙k¨
:ÌÁ¯‡¥ © £ ¯L‡-˙‡
¤ £ ¤ ÈzÓÁ¯Â Ÿ ¨ ¯L‡-˙‡
¦ § © ¦ § ÔÁ‡ ¤ £ ¤ È˙pÁ ¦ Ÿ © § ,EÈÙÏ
¤¨§

C¯„ ¤ ¤ § ,˙‡¯˜¨ ¥ § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ Ïr© ·e ©é ‰z‡ ¨ © ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯¤ ‡¤ç l`¥


ÌBi‰© ¯kÊz Ÿ § ¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁ ¤ ¨ £ © EÈÓÁ¯
¤ £ © ˙l„b © ª § :˙ȯB‰
¨ ¥ ‰·eLz ¨ §
‰z‡¨ © Èk¦ ,ÌÈÓÁ¯a ¦ £ © § eÈI‡ ¥ ¥ ÔÙz¤ ¥ :EȄȄȤ ¦ § Ú¯ÊÏ © ¤ § ÌBÈ-Iηe ¨ §
,Ìc˜¥ © § EÈt ¤ ¨ ‰JÙ˙·e
¨ ¦ § ¦ ÔeÁ˙a £ © § :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ Ïra © © ‡e‰
E˙¯B˙a
§ ¨ § BÓk§ ,·eL Et‡ § © ÔB¯Á£ Ó¥ë :Ì„wÓ ¤ ¤ ¦ ÂrϨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © §
¨Ÿ § „¯i
‰Â‰È ¤ ¥Âî© ÌBÈk§ ,ÔBI˙Â
¨ § ¦ § ‰ÒÁ ¤ ¡ ¤ EÈÙk¤ ¨ § Iˆ¥ ·e ì§ :·e˙k¨
Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙i ¥ © § ¦ Âî© ÌBÈk§ ,ÌL‡ ¨ ¨ ‰ÁÓ˙¤ § ¦ § ÚLt-Ir
© ¤ © ¯·r Ÿ £ z©ð :Ôra
¨¨ ¤
‡¯˜i¨ § ¦ Âî© ÌBÈk§ ,¯Ó‡Ó ¨ £ © epÓ¤ ·ÈL˜˙ ¦ § © § e˙rÂL¥ ¨ § © ÔÈʇz ¦ £ © :ÌL ¨
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § ,‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ÌL ¥ ·1§
¯·ÚÈÂ
.ıÚÏ
≈ ¿ :‚"ÈÂ .˙nÏ
≈ « :‰˘È ‰ÁÈÏÒ· .¯‡ÊÚˆ‰ ÈÂÈ˘ ÈÙÓ ‰‡¯Î (*
.ÌÈÁËBa
ƒ ¿ E·e¿ ˙eÏ‚a
» ¿ ÌȈeˆ¯
ƒ ¿ :‡" (**
Ù"Ú (‰ :‰ ‰Ó ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú („ :ÂË Ê ‰ÈÚ˘È (‚ :·Ï ÁÎ Ìȯ·„ Ù"Ú (· :·È ‚Ï ‰ÈÚ˘È (‡ ‡"Â˙
˙ω˜ (È :ËÈ ‚Ï Ì˘ (Ë :Â Ì˘ (Á :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ ‰‡¯ (Ê :Ê ‡È ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú ( :ÁÈ Ë Ï‡È„
‰ÎÈÓ Ù"Ú ( :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ó :Á ÂÏ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·È ·Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Î :ÂË ,Ê ‰·¯
:ÁÈ Ê
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
Ô¢‡¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 6
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰

‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Âà©
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âá§
¨ © k⦠:erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù1̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á1̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨ © § ·BË È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
˜„ˆa
¤ ¤ § EÓL·§ ¦ § ‡¯B˜-ÔÈ ¥ ‡ä¥ :Ôȇ ¦ ¨ Ì„‡a ¨ ¨ ¨ ¯LÈ ¨ ¨ § ı¯‡‰-ÔÓ
¤ ¨ ¨ ¦ „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ ca© `ã̈
eqÙ-Èk
© ¦ „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ ¯Ó‚-Èk
© ¨ ¦ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ ȧ ‰rÈLB ¨ ¦ ‰å :Ca¨ ˜ÈÊÁ‰Ï ¦ £ © § ¯¯BÚ˙Ó ¥ § ¦
:¯B‡-‰‡¯ ¤ § ¦ E¯B‡a § § ÌÈiÁ ¦ © ¯B˜Ó§ Enr-È § ¦ kæ¦ :Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ÈaÓ ¥ § ¦ ÌÈeÓ‡
¦ ¡
χ¯NÈ-˙‡
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¤ ‰cÙÈ ¤ § ¦ ‡e‰Â§ :˙e„Ù§ Bnr¦ ‰a¯‰Â ¥ § © § ,„ÒÁ‰ ¨Ÿ § ¦ kç¦
¤ ¤ © ‰Â‰È-Ìr-È
¨ Ÿ Ÿ £ ÏkÓ
:ÂÈ˙Âr Ÿ ¦
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ Ï©é :eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr ¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mè§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èë§ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί· ¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr § © ©
¨Ÿ îȧ :Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡ ¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èì§ :‰IÒ ¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰¨ ¦

‰˙‡N
¨ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡ÎÂ
¤ £ © § .EcÒÁ ¤Ÿ § ‰f‰
¤ § © Ï„‚k ¤ © Ìr‰ Ÿ £ © ‡-ÁÏ
¨ ¨ ÔÂrÏ ¨ © Òð§
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § :‰p‰-„rÂ
¨ ¥ © § ÌȯˆnÓ
¦ © § ¦ ¦ ‰f‰
¤ © ÌrÏ̈¨
:LxacM
¤ ¨ § ¦ iYglq
¦ § © ¨ dedi
¨Ÿ § xn`I
¤ Ÿ eñ©
¯Èr‰Â ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ‰‡¯e
¦ ¨ § ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ¥ § EÈÈr¤ ¥ Á˜t© § ,ÚÓLe
¨ § Eʇ § § ¨ | ȉχ© Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰ò©
ÌÈIÈtÓ
¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ir
¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ | Èk¦ ,‰ÈÏr¨ ¤ ¨ EÓL § ¦ ‡¯˜-¯L‡
¨§¦ ¤ £
,‰ÁÏÒ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr
¤ £ © © Èk¦ ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § eÈeÁz
¥ £ ©
‡¯˜
¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk
§ ¦ ¦ ,ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ErÓÏ
§ © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ
© © § © ,‰Nr ¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰
¨ ¦ § © È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © © § E¯Èr-Ïr
§ ¦ ©
ÂȘχ
:(ÈÂÈ˘·)  „Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È (‰ :· Ê ‰ÎÈÓ („ :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :Ë Ì˘ (· :Ê- „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:Á ÂÓ Ì˘ (Î :Ë ‚ Ì˘ (È :‚È ‚˜ Ì˘ (Ë :Á-Ê Ï˜ Ì˘ (Á :È ÂÏ Ì˘ (Ê :· ·È ÌÈω˙ (Â
:ËÈ-ÁÈ Ë Ï‡È„ (Ú :Î Ì˘ (Ò :ËÈ „È ¯·„Ó· ( :È Î Ì˘ (Ó :‚È „Ù Ì˘ (Ï
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (1 ˙‚‰‰
„ Ô¢‡¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 7
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © Lwa ¥ © .˜„Ák ¤ ¤ § ÏLÓ © § ¦ ·BË Lȇ¦ .˜„ˆ· ¤ ¤ § ‡¯˜È ¨ § ¦ ÈÓ¦ oi`¥
¯·¨ ¨ § ÌÈÓz ¦ ¨ ¯·b ¤ ¤ :˜„a ¤ ¤ Ôȇ¥ ÌÈt ¦ ¨ ÌeLa§ .˜„‰ ¥ ¨ ȘeÁL ¥ § „ra © §
ÂÈίc
¨ ¨ § .Òt˙ © § ¦ BÂra Ÿ £ © Èr ¦ ¨ ¯Bc .Òt¯ © § ¦ ˜ÈcˆÂ ¦ © § „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ ¯Ó© bà̈ .ÒÙ‡ ©¨
ÌÈ·c˙n‰
¦ § © § ¦ © .¯Èr·‰Ï ¦ § © § ‰ÓÁ ¨ ¥ eȇËÁ· ¥ ¨ £ © eÙÒB‰ §© :NtÁÈ ¨ ª § ÈÓ¦ „Èb‰I ¦©§
LÈc¦ ˜Ï â© § ÏÏÙ ¤ ¤ ¨ Èec¦ .¯ÈrˆÂ ©Ÿ
¦ ¨ § ·¯© Ák-¯ˆri ¨ £ © ‰Ó© eá .¯ÈrÙ‰I ¦ § © § ˙È· ¦ © È·k
¥§ ¦
¯ÒÁ © £ .ÔÁB·a ¥ § ¯˜BÁÏ ¥ § ˙BeÁÏ © § ˜rÊ © © .ÔÁÓ © © „ra © § ‡¯È‡Â ¨ ¦ ¨ ÈzÏÁ ¦ § © Êã̈ :¯Èr ¦¨
LÙa ¤ ¤ § Eȇ¯B˜I ¤ § § ·BË :ÔÁ˙a © © § ‡ˆÓ‡ ¨ § ¤ Cȇ¥ ÔÁ¥ .ÔÁˆ © © ¯ezȦ § „ÒÁ ¤¤
ÔrÈ© © .·‰¯eÈ © § ÈIr © ¨ EcÒÁ § § © ¯˜È © § .·‰È © © ÏkÏÎÏe
¥ § © § ‡BN§ ÌÁ¯Ë ¨ § ¨ .·‰¯ © ©
IÈ‚¯Â ¦ ¨ § Ô˜¥ Êkä̈ § .ÌIL ¥ ¨ ‰lÙ˙·e ¨ ¦ § ¦ ˙BcÓ¦ Ôe‚‰k ¨ § :·‰‡a © © § ÔÈʇ‰Ï ¦ £ © § ÈÏB˜ ¦
‰¯ÎÊ ¨ § ¨ È˙Á¯Ϧ ¨ § © § .ÌÏk‰lÓ ¥ ¨ ¦ § ¦ ȇk„ ¦ § ¦ Ec‚ § § ¤ ·LÁ‰I ¥ ¨ ¥ § .ÌI¤ Ÿ‚Χ ‡G§
‰rc ¨ ¥ ¯ˆBwÓ ¤ ¦ .¯Ó‡‰Ï ¥ ¨ ¥ § Ôȇ ¥ § eÈίˆ ¥ § ¨ ÌÈa¯Ó ¦ ª § :Ìlr˙‰Ó ¥ © § ¦ ¥ EÈÓÁ¯ ¤£ ©
:¯ÓBL ¥ § ψ¥ ‰rB¯Â ¤ § ‚‰B ¥ .¯ÓBÁ ¤ ¯ˆBÈ¥ Ïk‰ Ÿ © Ec‚ § § ¤ .¯ÓÓ ¤ ¤ ·B¯Óe ¥
er¥ £ .e„B·k ¥ § ÌNe‰ © ÒB‡Óe ¨ ÈÁ¦ Ò§å .e„e„a ¥ § ¯‰© Ô¯B˙k ¤ § e„¯BN § ©
Èr‚
¥ § ¦ ˙c˜t © ª § :eÈ„e·‡ ¥ £ Lwa ¥ © EÈÓÏ
¤ ¨ § ¦ § „BÚ .e„earLa ¥ § ¦ § ‰ÈÁÓ ¨ § ¦ e˙e¥§
ÌÙˆ¥ § ¨ .ÌÈËe·r ¦ £ ÌÈBb·e ¦ © ÌÈ„e¯t ¦ § ÌȯeÊt ¦ § .ÌÈËe·L ¦ § EÈ˙BÁÎB˙ ¤ §
EÁk £ Ÿ ÏB˜ :ÌÈËaÓ ¦ ¨ © BÓϨ Ez¯‡Ùz § § © § ¦ ˙iÙˆ © ¦ § .ÌÈËÙLe ¦ ¨ § ·È¯Ó ¦ ¥ CkÒa ¨ª §
.·ˆr ¥ ¨ ÏB˜a§ ÌȘÙB„ ¦ § EÈr¯ ¤ ¥ .·ˆB˜ ¥ BÙelÁ ¦ § ·BË ·ˆ˜ ¤ ¤ .·ˆBÁ ¥ ·‰I ©©
.rÈΉÏ
© ¦ § © § ÌaÏ ¨ ¦ ÌBˆa§ ÌÈ„˜BL ¦§ :·vÈ˙‰¥ © § ¦ Ìa¯˜·e ¨ § ¦ § Ì˙·„ ¨ ¨ § ¦ ˙Bˆ¯§
.rÈ‰Ï
© ¦ ¨ § ‰ÙN ¨ ¨ LÁÏa © © § ÌÈr·Bz ¦ § .rÈˆz
© ¦ § © Eȯ„Áa ¤ ¨ £ © ÌrfÓ © © ¦ ÌB‡L ¨ §
ÌÈiÁÏ ¦ © § .¯‡t˙Ó ¥ ¨ § ¦ ÌÈiÁ ¦ © Ìȉχ ¦ Ÿ ¡ EÓL § ¦ :rÈÓ˙ © ¦ § © ‡¨ χ© Ì˙‡z ¨ ¨£ ©
erÂ
¥ £ © ‰ËÈa ¨ ¦ ‰ç© .¯‡a˙Ó ¥ ¨ § ¦ Enr § ¦ ÌÈiÁ ¦ © ¯B˜Óæ§ .¯‡M ¥ ¨ ¦ EnÓ § ¦ ÌÈ·BË ¦
:¯‡‰ ¥ ¨ eÈÈr ¥ ¥§
ÏÁBÓ
¥ ,˙e„ÈÒÁa¦ £ © ‚‰˙Óe
¥ © § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯¦ £ © ‡qk¥ ¦ Ïr© ·LB ¤ ¤ l`¥
¥ Èè CÏÓ
‰IÈÁÓ
¨ ¦ § ‰a¯Ó
¤ § © ,ÔBL‡¯¦ ÔBL‡¯¦ ¯È·r ¦ £ Ó©é ,Bnr© ˙BÂrŸ£
¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ Ìr¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ‰N¤ ŸÚë ,ÌÈrLBtI
¦ § © ‰ÁÈÏÒe ¨ ¦ § ÌȇËÁÏ
¦ ¨£©
LGL§ ¯ÓBÏ
© ¨ ¥ ‰ì I‡¥ .ÏBÓ‚z
el¨ ˙ȯB § ¦ Ì˙r¯Î ¨ ¨ ¨ § ‡ÏŸ ,Áe¯Â
© §
‰¯˘Ú
·Ï ·Âȇ („ :È"˘¯Â È „ χÈ„ ‰‡¯ (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‰ · ·-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ (· :· ·È ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
‡¯˜È (Ë :„ ‚È Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Á :(ÈÂÈ˘·) È ÂÏ ÌÈω˙ (Ê :‰Ó ‚ ‰Îȇ ( :‡ ,ÂË ˙ÈÚ˙ (‰ :Â
:· ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ‰‡¯ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·)  ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (Î :‡ ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ (È : ,ËÎ ‰·¯
Ô¢‡¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 8
ÂrÏ
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © § ,‰¯Nr ¥ § ¤ LŸÏL§ ˙ȯa ¦ § ÌBi‰© eÏ-¯ÎÊ
¨ ¨ § ,‰¯Nr
¥§ ¤
ÌL¨ Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙iÂ
¥ © § ¦ © Ôra ¨Ÿ § „¯i
¨ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¤ ¥Âà© ·e˙kL¨ ¤ BÓk§ ,Ì„wÓ
¤¤ ¦
¨Ÿ § ÌL
:‰Â‰È ¥ ·1§ ‡¯˜i¨ § ¦©
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰

‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Âá©
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Ââ§
¨ © k㦠:erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨Ÿ £
¨ © § ·BË È„‡
¤ ¨ § ‡B·zå̈ :ÈÁ-ÏÎ
EÈÙÏ ¨ ¨ EÈÙÏ © § ¦ Ÿ Èk¦ enr
¤ ¨ § ˜cˆÈ-‡Ï ¨ ¦ ËtLÓ· ¨ § ¦ § ‡B·z¨ -l`ä©
¯ÈÒ‡¦ ¨ ˙˜‡ © § ¤ EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ‡B·z ç ¨ :e˙pÁzÓ © © § ¦ © Âæ§ ,e˙lÙz
¥ ¨ ¦ § ¦ Ìlr˙z-χ ¥¨ ¦ §
EÈʇ
¤ § ¨ ‰Èȉz
¨ ¤ § ¦ ,eIB˜· ¥ § ‰rÓL ¨ § ¦ È„ ¨Ÿ ‡£è :‰˙eÓ˙¨ § Èa ¥ § ¯˙B‰¥ ErB¯Ê
£ § Ï„‚k ¤Ÿ §
˙BÁ˜Ù ª § EÈÈr ¤ ¥ Âë§ ˙·M˜-Eʇ
¤ ¤ © § § ¨ ‡¨ ȉ¦ zé§ :eÈeÁz ¥ £ © ÏB˜I§ ˙B·M˜ ª ©
:I‡¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr§ © ©
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ Ï©î :eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr ¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mì§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èð§ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί·
¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr § © ©
¨Ÿ òȧ :Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰¨Ÿ Èñ§ :‰IÒ Ÿ £ © ȉχ
¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ ¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ¥ £ © CÏn‰¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰
¨ ¦

‰˙‡N
¨ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡ÎÂ
¤ £ © § .EcÒÁ ¤Ÿ § ‰f‰
¤ § © Ï„‚k ¤ © Ìr‰ Ÿ £ © ‡-ÁÏ
¨ ¨ ÔÂrÏ ¨ © Òô§
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § :‰p‰-„rÂ
¨ ¥ © § ÌȯˆnÓ
¦ © § ¦ ¦ ‰f‰
¤ © ÌrÏ̈¨
:LxacM
¤ ¨ § ¦ iYglq
¦ § © ¨ dedi
¨Ÿ § xn`I
¤ Ÿ eö©
‰Ë‰
ÁÙ Ì˘ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ‚Ó˜ Ì˘ (‰ :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ („ :Ë Ì˘ (‚ :Ê Ì˘ (· :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‡ ‡"Â˙
: ‡ ‰ÈÓÁ (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · Ϙ Ì˘ (Ë :‡È ËÚ Ì˘ (Á :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ‰ Ì˘ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚
:‚È „Ù Ì˘ (Ò :Á ÂÓ Ì˘ ( :Ë ‚ Ì˘ (Ó :‚È ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ËÈ ·Ï ‰ÈÓ¯È (Î
:Î Ì˘ (ˆ :ËÈ „È ¯·„Ó· (Ù :È Î Ì˘ (Ú
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
‰ Ô¢‡¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 9
¯Èr‰Â ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ‰‡¯e
¦ ¨ § ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ¥ § EÈÈr¤ ¥ Á˜t© § ,ÚÓLe
¨ § Eʇ § § ¨ | ȉχ© Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰à©
ÌÈIÈtÓ
¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ir
¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ | Èk¦ ,‰ÈÏr¨ ¤ ¨ EÓL § ¦ ‡¯˜-¯L‡
¨§¦ ¤ £
,‰ÁÏÒ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr
¤ £ © © Èk¦ ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § eÈeÁz
¥ £ ©
‡¯˜
¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk
§ ¦ ¦ ,ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ErÓÏ
§ © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ
© © § © ,‰Nr ¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰
¨ ¦ § © È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © © § E¯Èr-Ïr
§ ¦ ©
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
‰rÓ ¨ §L ¦â .ÔeÁz £ © ˙·M˜-Eʇ ¤ ¤ © § § ¨ ‡¨ ȉ¦ z᧠.ÔepÁ¦ ˙rÂL © § © EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § `FaY¨
ÌÈIrÓe
¦ § © ÌȯLÈÓ ¦ ¨ ¥ ¯L ¨ .Ôep¯¦ ‰·ÈL˜‰ ¨ ¦ § © ˜„ˆ ¤ ¤ | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ §
.eL‡·‰§ © § ¦ Èk¦ ec¯ ¥ § ¦ Áȯ © ¥ .eLBa § eÓIÎ
§ © § ¦ Ìȯ‰Ï ¦ ¨ § L‡¯ Ÿ :Ôep¯Ó ¦¥
:eL·k § © ¨ ÔÎa ¥ § eÈt ¥ ¨ Ú˜¯ © § ˜ã© .eLaL § © ¦ ˙B¯B˙§ ÌȯLÈ ¦ ¨ § eI˜Ï˜ § ©§ ¦
Ÿ § ¦ © ÔÈÓÈÏ
¯Ê‚i ¦ ¨ § ‰t ¨ ¨ .„ˆÓ ¨ § ÔÈ‡Ó ¥ ¥ ‰Ác ¨ ¨ ¦ Ô‡ˆ Ÿ .„ˆ-ÏkÓ © ¨ ¦ ˜BˆÓe-¯ ¨ ˆä©
‰Èȉz
¨ ¤ § ¦ ˙B‡B¯ EÈÈr ¤ ¥ :„v‰ ¨ © „iˆÂ ¨ © § χÓOÓ Ÿ § ¦ „Át © © .„ˆrÓ ¨£©
Èev¯Ie ¦ § ‰p¯Ï ¨ ¦ § „ÙÒ ¤ ¤ .˙BÁe˙n‰ § © ˙B¯vÓ ¨ ¦ Èepr ¦ § ÈBÚ¦ .˙BÁe˜Ù§
È·LI
¦ § ¦ eÈÂra ¥Ÿ £ © ez § © ª :˙BÁBÎp§ ‰© EÈί„a ¤ ¨ § ¦ Cى Ÿ £ © ˙BaÒ© .˙BÁÎBz ¨
.‰fr ¨ © ‰·‰‡Â ¨ £ © § ˙B„aÎ ¨ § ¦ Ìe¯Ó¥ .‰Êe·Ï ¨ § eÈ‰k ¥ £ Ÿ eÈÎÏÓ ¥ ¨ § eÁ § © .‰f·Ïe ¨¦§
.‰pÁz¨ ¦ § ÏÈt‰Ï ¦ © § EÈÙ ¤ ¨ eÈlÁ ¦ ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ :‰frÏe ¨ ¦ § ‰nLÏe ¨ © § ı¯‡Ï ¤ ¨ ¨ z¯bÓ ¨ §© ¦
ÏB˜ IÙL © § aæ¦ ÌB„ÒÎ § ¦ eÈlk ¦ ¦ .‰Áˆ ¨ £ © ˙BÏrÓ £ ¥ EzÓ‡a ¤ ¦ £ © IÈkN‰ ¦ § © ϧ å
.zÒÁ
¨ § © ¯È‡L‰Ï ¦ § © § ‰ËÏt‰ ¨ ¥ § © ¯˙È ¤ ¤ :‰pÁ˙ ¨ ¦ § ÈÏeI ¥ Ú‚¯ © ¤ ËrÓk © § ¦ .‰Áh‰ ¨£ © ©
˙¯ÈË © ¦ .zÒ‡Ó ¨ § © ¨ LÏ Ÿ Lç̈ „‚k ¤ ¤ § ezÏËÏË ¨ § © § ¦ .zÒpΠ¨ § © ¦ § ‰zz ¨ © ¯„‚ ¥ ¨ § „ÒÈ ¥¨
ÏBÚÓ¥ eIaÁ § © ª .ÏÚÓI Ÿ § ¦ Ïr© Ó©é eÏ·Á § © ¨ Ï· Ÿ Á£è :zÒÓ¯ ¨ § © ¨ eÏÏ‚a ¥ ¨ § ¦ ÛÒBk ¤
‰z‡Â ¨ © § :ÏBÚ·Ï § ¦ Ì·e ¨ ıa˜Ï ¥ © § ÌÈe¯Ê ¦ § .ÏBÚ‚Ï § ¦ ÈÏa ¦ § ˙Èeˆ¨ ¦ ¦ ¯BÎʧ .ÏBÚ-χ¤
.‰aÒ ¨ ¦ ÈÏa ¦ § ʇÓk ¨ ¥ § ÌBi‰© .‰ac‰ ¨ ¦ © eÏ ¨ § ˜ÈcˆÂ ¦ © § ȇc © © .‡a‰-Ïk
¨ © ¨ ȯÁ‡ ¥£ ©
ÌÈÙeÁc¦ § .Ûe¯Á ¥ § ÒÏ˜Ï ¤ ¤ § Ìr© ˙l© cì© :‰a¯ ¨ © ‰ÓL‡ ¨ § © aë§ EÈÙI ¤ ¨ § e‰ §¦
ÏbÏb
¥ § © .Ûe¯ˆÂ ¥ § ÔBÈqa ¨ ¦ § „earL § ¦ § ˙eÏb¨ .Ûe¯ËÏ ¥ § ÌÈe˙ ¦ § ÌÈÙeÁÒ ¦ §
rLe
© ¥ ¨ ¦ Ea§ .ÌÈzr ¦ ¦ ˙B·¯a § ¦ „BÚ EÈÓÁ¯a ¤ £ © § :Ûe¯˙ ¥ § ‰ÁÈÏÒÏ
¨ ¦ § ¦ „ÒÁa ¤¤ §
ÌÈi¦ ˆñ¦ ÔBÙvÓ ¨ ¦ ‰l‡Â ¤ ¥ § .ÌÈzÎ ¦ ¦ e‡·È Ÿ ¨ ˜BÁ¯Ó ¨ ¥ ‰l¤ ‡¥ð .ÌÈzrLB‰ ¦ § © Âî§ Ìi˜ ¥©
.EÈÓÈrÓ¤ ¦ § © Ì„˜ ¤ ¤ ÈÓÈk ¥ ¦ ·aÏ ¥ © .Enr ¤ © § EÈ„·r ¤ ¨ £ ̉¥ ElL § ¤ :ÌÈzΠ¦ ¦§
Â΢Ó
:· ,ËÈ Ôȯ„‰Ò Ù"Ú („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡ ÊÈ ÌÈω˙ (‚ : ‡ ‰ÈÓÁ (· :ËÈ-ÁÈ Ë Ï‡È„ (‡ ‡"Â˙
‰ÈÓÁ (Ë :· ,Ë ‡ÓÂÈ ‰‡¯ (Á :„ ·È ˙ω˜ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚È Ë Ï‡È„ ( :‚Ó˜ ËȘ ÌÈω˙ (‰
:„È „Î ·-ÌÈÎÏÓ Ù"Ú (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚È ÁÎ ·-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ (Î : ‰ ¯·„Ó· Ù"Ú (È :Ê ‡
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ï ‡È χÈ„ (Ò :·È ËÓ ‰ÈÚ˘È ( :Ê ‡ ڢ‰ (Ó
Ô¢‡¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 10
-˙‡¤ ‰‡¯ÈÏ ¨ § ¦ § ÌȈ٦ ¥ Á£á Ïk‰ Ÿ © .EÈÓeM¯a
¤ ¦ § eÓÈN
¥ ¦ EȯÁ‡ ¥ § Óà̈
¤ £ © eÎL
ÌȈr‰Ï
¦ £ © § ÈB‚ϧ ¯Èrv‰ ¦ ¨ © Â⧠.eÓeÁ¯
¥ § Ïcb ¥ © ÛÏ‡Ï Ÿ ¨ ‰©â :EÓL
¤ ¤ § ÔËw ¤ §
:eÓÁ˙e
¥ £ © § Et‡ § © ‡¨ ·L Ÿ Èã̈ .eÓÁ¯Ï
¥ £ © § EÈ˙B˜„ˆ-ÏÎa
¤ § ¦ ¨ § „ÁÈ © © .eÓeÁ˙a
¥ § ¦
ÏÁBÓ
¥ ,˙e„ÈÒÁa ¦ £ © ‚‰˙Óe¥ © § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © ‡qk ¥ ¦ Ïr© ·LB ¤ ¤ l`¥
¥ Èä CÏÓ
‰IÈÁÓ
¨ ¦ § ‰a¯Ó
¤ § © ,ÔBL‡¯¦ ÔBL‡¯¦ ¯È·r ¦ £ Ó©å ,Bnr© ˙BÂrŸ£
¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ Ìr¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ‰N ¤ ŸÚæ ,ÌÈrLBtI
¦ § © ‰ÁÈÏÒe ¨ ¦ § ÌȇËÁÏ
¦ ¨£©
LGL§ ¯ÓBÏ © el¨ ˙ȯB¨ ¥ ‰ç I‡¥ .ÏBÓ‚z § ¦ Ì˙r¯Î ¨ ¨ ¨ § ‡ÏŸ ,Áe¯Â
© §
ÂrI
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © § ,‰¯Nr ¥ § ¤ LŸÏL§ ˙ȯa ¦ § ÌBi‰© eI-¯ÎÊ ¨ ¨ § ,‰¯Nr¥§ ¤
ÌL¨ Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙iÂ
¥ © § ¦ © Ôra¨ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § „¯i ¤ ¥Âè© ·e˙kL ¨ ¤ BÓk§ ,Ì„wÓ¤¤ ¦
¨Ÿ § ÌL
:‰Â‰È ¥ ·1§ ‡¯˜i ¨ § ¦©
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰
‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Â©é
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âë§
¨ © kì¦ :erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨Ÿ £
¨ © § ·BË È„‡
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ Ï©ð :eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mî§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èñ§ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί·
¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr§ © ©
¨Ÿ Èô§ :Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡
¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨Ÿ òȧ :‰IÒ
¨ § ‰Â‰ Ÿ £ © ȉχ
¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ ¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰
¨ ¦
ÌB¯nÓ
¨ ¦ Eʇ§ § ¨ ˉ© .‰lÁz
¨ ¦ § EeÓc˜ ¨ § i`vFnA
§ © ¦ ‰ÁeÓ ¥¨ §
:‰lÙz‰-χÂ
¨ ¦ § © ¤ § ‰p¯‰-I‡ © Ÿ § Ϧ÷ .‰J‰z
¨ ¦ ¨ ¤ rÓL ¥ö
¨ ¦ § ·LBÈ
˙‡
Ì˘ Ù"Ú („ :·Î Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡È ‡ ‰ÈÓÁ (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) „ ‡ ÌÈ¯È˘‰ ¯È˘ (‡ ‡"Â˙
˘‡¯ ‰‡¯ (Á :(ÈÂÈ˘·)  ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (Ê :‡ ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ( : ,ËÎ ‰·¯ ‡¯˜È (‰ :‡ ·È
:‚È ‚˜ Ì˘ (Ó :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (Ï :Ë Ì˘ (Î :Ê-Â Ì˘ (È :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ë :· ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰
:ÁÎ Á ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ (˜ :„ ·Î Ì˘ Ù"Ú (ˆ :È Î Ì˘ (Ù :‚È „Ù Ì˘ (Ú :Á ÂÓ Ì˘ (Ò :Ë ‚ Ì˘ (
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
 Ô¢‡¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 11
ËÁLÂ
© § ¦ § „˜r© ¡ ¤ ˜„ˆa
¤ ¤ § .ÏÈÁ ¦ ¨ ˙BNrÏ£ © ‰¯¯BÚ
¨ § ÊBÚ ÔÈÓÈ-˙‡
¦§ ¤
.ÏÈϦ ¨ „BÚa§ ̘rÊa
¨ £ © § BÚÊ‚
§ ¦ ‡¨ Ô‚
¨ § .Ïȇ
¦ © B¯eÓz§
:‰lÙz‰-χÂ
¨ ¦ § © ¤ § ‰p¯‰-χ © Ÿ § Ϧà
¨ ¦ ¨ ¤ rÓL

ÈÓMÓ
¥ § ¦ BÓϨ L¯c‰¥ ¨ ¦ .EÈt
¤ ¨ ÌL¯„a
¨ § ¨ § EÈL¯B„
¤ § ‡¨ L¯„
¨ §
.Eʇ ¥ § © ‡©á ÌepÁ
¤ § ¨ ÌÏrz-Ï ¨ ¦ ˙rÂLIe
© § © § .EBÚÓ
¤ §
:‰lÙz‰-χÂ
¨ ¦ § © ¤ § ‰p¯‰-χ ©Ÿ § ¦
¨ ¦ ¨ ¤ rÓLÏ

˙¯·rÓ
© § ¤ ¥ ‰¯Èk·Ók
¨ ¦ § © § ÌÈÏÁ¦ ¨ .E‡Ba
¤ ÌBiÓ¦ ÌÈ„rB¯Â
¦ £ § ÌÈÏÁBÊ
¦ £
¤ § ¦ e„BÈÂ⧠‡¨ ‰ÁÓ
.E‡ÏÙ ¥ § ÌÙepË
¨ ¦ .E‡OÓ
¤¨ ©
:‰lÙz‰-χÂ
¨ ¦ § © ¤ § ‰p¯‰-χ ©Ÿ § ¦
¨ ¦ ¨ ¤ rÓLÏ

̈lÁÏ
¥ § © § Û¯z
¤ ¤ Ê‡Ó ¨ ¥ zBk
¨ § © .¯ˆB¨ ¯ÈˆÈ-ÏÎÏ
¦ § ¨ § ‰z‡
¨ © ¯ˆBÈ
¥
.¯vn‰
¨ ª § © ¯ˆB
¨ ‡Óã ¥ ÌpÁ
¨ ¦ ÌÁÏ
¥ § ¨ § .¯ˆnÓ
¨¥ ¦
:‰lÙz‰-χÂ
¨ ¦ § © ¤ § ‰p¯‰-χ ©Ÿ § ¦
¨ ¦ ¨ ¤ rÓLÏ

ÔÎen‰
¨ © ¯ˆB‡Ó
¨ ¥ Ì·bÒ
¥ § © ‡¨ .Eω˜
¤ ¨ § ÈrLt § ¨ ̇¦ ÌB¯Óä̈
¥ § ¦ eÓˆÚ
.EÈχ
¤ ¥ Ìȇa
¦ ¨ ÌpÁ¨ ¦ ÔBÁI¨ EÈ„r
¤ ¨ .EÏe·Êa
¤ §¦
:‰lÙz‰-χÂ
¨ ¦ § © ¤ § ‰p¯‰-χ ©Ÿ § ¦
¨ ¦ ¨ ¤ rÓLÏ

EȘrBˆ
¤£ ˜cˆ¥ © .˙B‡ËÁÏ ¨ £ © χÂ
© § ˙B‡Ïz‰-χ
¨ § © ¤ ‡¨ ‰t ¥§
.˙B‡·ˆ ¨Ÿ § ÌȉÏ
¨ § ‰Â‰È ¦ Ÿ ‡¡å ÌepÁ
¨ ¦ ‡¨ ·L˜
¨ § .˙B‡ÏÙ
¨ § ‡ÈÏÙÓ
¦ § ©
:‰lÙz‰-χÂ
¨ ¦ § © ¤ § ‰p¯‰-χ ©Ÿ § ¦
¨ ¦ ¨ ¤ rÓLÏ

Ôa¯˜k
¨ § ¨ § ÔBˆ¯a
¨ § ‡¨ ‰rL ¥ § .˙BÏÈla
¥ © Ì„Óra
¨ § ¨ § Ì˙¯È˙r
¨ ¨ ¦ £ ‰ˆ¯
¥ §
Ÿ § ‰N
.˙BÏ„‚ ¤ ŸÚæ EÈq
¤ ¦ ̇¯z
¥ § © .˙BÏBÚ§ ÏÈÏk
¦ ¨
:‰lÙz‰-χÂ
¨ ¦ § © ¤ § ‰p¯‰-χ ©Ÿ § ¦
¨ ¦ ¨ ¤ rÓLÏ

¥ Èç ÌB¯nÓ
·LB ¨ ¦ Eʇ
§ § ¨ ˉ© .‰lÁz
¨ ¦ § EeÓc˜
§ © ¦ ‰ÁeÓ
¨ § ȇˆBÓa
¥¨ §
:‰lÙz‰-I‡Â
¨ ¦ § © ¤ § ‰p¯‰-χ © Ÿ § ¦ .‰l‰z
¨ ¦ ¨ ¤ rÓLI ¨ ¦ §
Ï-‡
: ,‰Ó ‰·¯ ˙ÂÓ˘ ‰‡¯ („ : ËÙ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (‚ :Â ‚ ‰Îȇ Ù"Ú (· :ÁÎ Á ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:„ ·Î ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (Á :È ‰ ·Âȇ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·)  Ë ÌÈω˙ ( :ÂË Ê ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (‰
Ô¢‡¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 12
,˙e„ÈÒÁa ¦ £ © ‚‰˙Óe
¥ © § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © ‡qk ¥ ¦ Ïr© ·LB ¥ Èà CÏÓ ¤ ¤ l`¥
‰a¯Ó
¤ § © ,ÔBL‡¯¦ ÔBL‡¯¦ ¯È·r ¦ £ Ó©á ,Bnr© ˙BÂr Ÿ £ ÏÁBÓ¥
Ìr¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ‰N ¤ ŸÚâ ,ÌÈrLBtI
¦ § © ‰ÁÈÏÒe ¨ ¦ § ÌȇËÁÏ ¦ ¨ £ © ‰IÈÁÓ¨ ¦ §
¨ ¥ ‰ã I‡¥ .ÏBÓ‚z
el¨ ˙ȯB § ¦ Ì˙r¯Î ¨ ¨ ¨ § ‡Ï Ÿ ,Áe¯Â© § ¯Na-Ik ¨ ¨ ¨
¥ § ¤ LŸÏL§ ˙ȯa
,‰¯Nr ¦ § ÌBi‰© eI-¯ÎÊ ¨ ¨ § ,‰¯Nr ¥ § ¤ LGL§ ¯ÓBÏ ©
Ôra
¨ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § „¯i ¤ ¥Âä© ·e˙kL ¨ ¤ BÓk§ ,Ì„wÓ ¤ ¤ ¦ ÂrI ¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © §
¨Ÿ § ÌL
:‰Â‰È ¥ ·1§ ‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÌL ¨ Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙iÂ¥ © § ¦©
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰

‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Â©å
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âæ§
¨ © kç¦ :erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨ © § ·BË È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ Ï©é :eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr ¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mè§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èë§ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί· ¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr § © ©
¨Ÿ îȧ :Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡ ¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èì§ :‰IÒ ¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ȉχ¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰ ¨ ¦
eBl„© Èk¦ ,EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © eeÓc˜È § © § ¯‰Ó ¥ © ,ÌÈBL‡¯ ¦ ¦ ˙BÂr Ÿ £ eÏ-¯kÊz ¨ ¨ § ¦ -l`©ð
-eÏ-¯ÎÊ
¨ ¨ § EcÒÁk Ÿ § ¦ © eÈrLÙe
§ § © § ¯kÊz-I‡ ¥ ¨ § | eȯeÚ ¥ § ˙‡h Ÿ Áñ© :„‡ÓŸ §
:‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § E·eË § ÔrÓÏ© © § ,‰z‡ ¨ ©
,Enr¤ © ÔBˆ¯a§ ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § e¯Î
¥ § Êô̈ :‰n‰ ¨ ¥ ÌÏBÚÓ ¨ ¥ Èk¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁ ¤ ¨ £ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © xk Ÿ fò§
Ë·L¤ ¥ zχb
¨ § © ¨ Ì„w ¤ ¤ ,˙È˜
¨ ¦ ¨ | E˙„r § ¨ £ ¯Î Ÿ Êö§ :E˙reLÈa
¤¨ ¦ e„˜t ¥§¨
ê˙ÏÁ
‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ‰‡¯ („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·)  ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :‡ ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ (· : ,ËÎ ‰·¯ ‡¯˜È (‡ ‡"Â˙
‚ Ì˘ (È :‚È ‚˜ Ì˘ (Ë :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (Á :Ë Ì˘ (Ê :Ê-Â Ì˘ ( :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‰ :· ,ÊÈ
Ì˘ (Ú :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ê ‰Î Ì˘ (Ò :Á ËÚ Ì˘ ( :È Î Ì˘ (Ó :‚È „Ù Ì˘ (Ï :Á ÂÓ Ì˘ (Î :Ë
:· „Ú Ì˘ (ˆ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) „ ˜ Ì˘ (Ù :Â
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
Ê Ô¢‡¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 13
˙·‰‡ © £ © ,ÌÏLe¯È ¦¨ ¨ § ˙aÁ © ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯BÎʧ :Ba zÎL ¨ § © ¨ | ‰Ê¤ ÔBiˆ-¯‰ ¦ © ,E˙ÏÁ ¤¨ £©
‡·-Èk¨ ¦ dÁI ¨ § ¤ § ˙r-Èk ¥ ¦ ,ÔBiˆ¦ ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ìe˜˙¨ ‰z¨ ‡á© :ÁˆÏ © ¤ ¨ ÁkLz-Ï © § ¦ ‡à© ÔBiˆ¦
e¯r¨ | e¯r¨ ÌȯӇ‰ ¦ § Ÿ ¨ ,ÌILe¯È ¦¨ ¨ § ÌBÈ ˙‡¥ ,ÌB„‡¡ È·Ï ¥ § ¦ | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯Î Ÿ Ê⧠:„rBÓ ¥
zraL
¨ § © § ¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ EÈ„·r ¤ ¨ £ χ¯NÈÏe¥ ¨ § ¦ § ˜ÁˆÈÏ ¨ § ¦ § ̉¯·‡I ¨ ¨ § © § ¯Î Ÿ Ê㧠:da¨ „BÒȉ § © „r©
,ÌÈÓM‰¦ ¨ ¨ © È·ÎBÎk ¥ § § ÌÎr¯Ê-˙‡ ¤ £ § © ¤ ‰a¯‡ ¤ § © ̉I‡ ¤ ¥ £ ¯a„z ¥ © § © Ca¨ ̉Ï̈ ¤
¯ÎŸ äʧ :ÌÏÚÏ ¨ Ÿ § eÏÁ £ ¨ § ÌÎr¯ÊÏ ¤ £ § © § Ôz‡ ¥ ¤ Èz¯Ó‡ ¦ § © ¨ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ˙‡f‰ Ÿ © ı¯‡‰-ÏΠ¤¨ ¨ ¨§
‰f‰ ¤ © Ìr‰ ¨ ¨ ÈL˜-I‡ ¦ § ¤ ÔÙz-I‡ ¤ ¥ © ,·˜rÈÏe Ÿ £ © § ˜ÁˆÈÏ ¨ § ¦ § ̉¯·‡I ¨ ¨ § © § EÈ„·rI ¤ ¨ £©
eχB
§ © ¯L‡ ¤ £ ,˙‡hÁ ¨ © eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ˙L˙ ¥ ¨ ‡-Ï ¨ ‡©å :B˙‡hÁ-χ ¨ © ¤ § BÚL¯-I‡Â § ¦ ¤§
:e¯ˆBÈ
¥ § eÏ-ÁÏÒ ¨ © § e¯eˆ ¥ e‡ËÁ ¨ ¨ :e‡ËÁ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡Â ¤ £©
ۇ© § ·B˜rÈ £ © È˙ȯa-˙‡
¦ ¦ § ¤ Èz¯ÎÊ ¦ § © ¨Âæ§ ,z¯Ó‡ ¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ˙B·‡¨ ˙ȯa ¦ § eϨ xFkf§
:¯kʇŸ § ¤ ı¯‡‰Â ¤ ¨ ¨ § ¯kʇ Ÿ § ¤ ̉¯·‡ ¨ ¨ § © È˙ȯa-˙‡ ¦ ¦ § ¤ ۇ © § ˜ÁˆÈ ¨ § ¦ È˙ȯa-˙‡
¦ ¦§ ¤
˙ȯa ¦ § Ì‰Ï ¤ ¨ Èz¯ÎÊ ¦ § © ¨Âç§ ,z¯Ó‡ ¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ÌÈBL‡¯ ¦ ¦ ˙ȯa ¦ § eI¨ ¯BÎʧ
˙BÈ‰Ï § ¦ ÌÈBb‰ ¦ © ÈÈrÏ ¥ ¥ § ,ÌȯˆÓ ¦ © § ¦ ı¯‡Ó ¤ ¤ ¥ Ì˙‡-È˙‡ˆB‰ ¨Ÿ ¦ ¥ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ,ÌÈL‡¯ ¦Ÿ ¦
Ÿ © © è§ ,ezÁË·‰L
˙‡Ê-Ìb-Û‡ ¨ § © § ¦ ¤ BÓk§ enr ¨ ¦ ‰Nr ¥ £ :‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È‡ ¦ £ ÌÈ‰Ï‡Ï ¦ Ÿ ¥ Ì‰Ï ¤¨
¯Ù‰Ï¥ ¨ § Ì˙lÎÏ ¨ Ÿ © § ÌÈzÏr‚-‡Ï ¦ § © § Ÿ § ÌÈzÒ‡Ó-‡G ¦ § © § ̉Ȥ ·È‡¥ §Ÿ ı¯‡a ¤ ¤ § Ì˙Bȉa ¨ § ¦
‰Ók ¨ § eÓÁ¯Â ¥ £ © § e˙e·L ¥ § ·L‰ ¥ ¨ :̉ȉχ ¤ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È‡ ¦ £ Èk¦ ,Ìz‡ ¨ ¦ È˙ȯa ¦ ¦§
Eˆa˜Â
§ ¤ ¦ § ·L ¨ § ,EÓÁ¯Â ¤ £ ¦ § E˙e·L-˙‡ § § ¤ EȉG‡ ¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ·L ¨ Âé§ ,·e˙kL ¨¤
‰Ók ¨ § eÈÁc ¥ ¨ ¦ ıa˜ ¥ © :‰nL ¨ ¨ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EˆÈÙ‰ § ¦ ¡ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ÌÈnr‰-ÏkÓ ¦ ©¨ ¨ ¦
EȉG‡ ¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Eˆa˜È § ¤ © § ÌMÓ ¨ ¦ ,ÌÈÓM‰ ¦ ¨ ¨ © ‰ˆ˜a ¥ § ¦ EÁc £ © ¦ ‰È‰È-Ì ¤ § ¦ ‡ë¦ ,·e˙kL ¨¤
·rÎ ¨ ¨ È˙ÈÁ ¦ ¦ Óì̈ ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § ÔrΠ¨ ¨ ¤ § ·rk ¨ ¨ eÈrLÙ ¥ ¨ § ‰ÁÓ ¥ § :EÁwÈ ¤ ¨ ¦ ÌMÓe ¨ ¦
eÈrLÙ ¥ ¨ § ‰ÁÓ ¥ § :EÈzI‡‚ ¦ § © § Èk¦ ÈI‡ © ¥ ‰·eL ¨ ,EÈ˙‡hÁ ¤ Ÿ © ÔrΠ¨ ¨ ¤ § EÈrLt ¤¨ §
ÈrÓÏ
¦ £ © § EÈrLÙ ¤ ¨ § ‰ÁÓ ¤ Ÿ ‡e‰ ÈÎ‡ ¦ Ÿ ¨ ÈÎ ¦ Ÿ ‡î̈ ,z¯Ó‡ ¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ErÓI §© ©§
,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § ¯ÓvΠ¤ ¤ © § ‚ÏMk ¤ ¤ © eȇËÁ ¥ ¨ £ Ôaω ¥ § © :¯kʇ Ÿ § ¤ ‡Ï Ÿ EÈ˙‡hÁ ¤ Ÿ ©§
,eÈaIÈ ¦ § © ‚ÏMk
¤ ¤ © ÌÈMk ¦ ¨ © ÌÎȇËÁ ¤ ¥ ¨ £ eȉÈ-̇ § ¦ ¦ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯Ó‡È © Ÿ ‰ÁÎe ¨ § ¨ ¦ § ‡-eÎ ¨ ϧð
e¯‰ËÂ¥ £ © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ˜B¯Ê§ :eÈ‰È § ¦ ¯Óvk ¤ ¤ © ÚÏBzÎ ¨ © eÓÈc‡È-̇ ¦§© ¦
ÏkÓŸ ¦ ,Ìz¯‰Ëe ¤ § © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © ÌÎÈIr ¤ ¥ £ Èz˜¯Ê ¦ § © ¨Âñ§ ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ §
e˙ÈÁLz
¥ ¦ § © χ © § eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ © :ÌÎ˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ¯‰Ë‡ ¥ © £ ÌÎÈIelb-ÏkÓe¤ ¥ ¦ ¨ ¦ ÌÎÈ˙‡ÓË ¤ ¥Ÿ § ª
,E˙ÈÁLȤ ¦ § © ‡Ï Ÿ § Et¯È § § © ‡Ï Ÿ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ Èkò¦ ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ §
e··Ï-˙‡
¥¨§ ¤ ÏBÓ :Ì‰Ï ¤ ¨ ÚaL © § ¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ EÈ˙·‡ ¤ Ÿ £ ˙ȯa-˙‡ ¦ § ¤ ÁkLÈ © § ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ §
‰·‰‡Ï
¯·„Ó· ( :ÊÎ Ë Ìȯ·„ (‰ :‚È ·Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ („ :Ê ÊϘ Ì˘ (‚ :„È ·˜ Ì˘ (· :ËÈ „Ú ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
„Ó ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ï :„ Ì˘ (Î :‚ Ï Ìȯ·„ (È :„Ó Ì˘ (Ë :‰Ó Ì˘ (Á :·Ó ÂÎ ‡¯˜È (Ê :‡È ·È
:‡Ï „ Ìȯ·„ (Ú :‰Î ÂÏ Ï‡˜ÊÁÈ (Ò :ÁÈ ‡ Ì˘ ( :‰Î ‚Ó Ì˘ (Ó :·Î
Ô¢‡¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 14
E··Ï-˙‡
§ ¨§ ¤ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏÓ¨ àe ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § EÓL-˙‡
¤ § ¤ ‰·‰‡Ï ¨£©§
ELÙ-Ïηe
§ § © ¨ § E··I-ÏÎa§ ¨ § ¨ § EȉG‡ ¨Ÿ § ¤ ‰·‰‡Ï
¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È-˙‡ ¨ £ © § ,Er¯Ê ¤ § © ··Ï-˙‡Â
©§ ¤§
ÌMÓ
¨ ¦ ÌzLw·¤ § © ¦ eá ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § e˙Lw·a
¥ ¨ ¨ © § eϨ ‡ˆn‰ ¥ ¨ ¦ :EÈiÁ ¤ © ÔrÓÏ©©§
:ELÙ-Ïηe
¤ § © ¨ § E··Ï-ÏÎa § ¨ § ¨ § epL¯„˙ ¤ § § ¦ Èk¦ ,˙‡ˆÓe ¨ ¨ ¨ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ¤
,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § E˙lÙz ¤ ¨ ¦ § ˙È·a ¥ § eÁnNÂ¥ § © § EL„˜ ¤ § ¨ ¯‰-I‡© ¤ e‡È·z ¥ ¦ §
¤ ¥Ÿ
̉È˙ÏBÚ ,È˙lÙz
¦ ¨ ¦ § ˙È·a ¥ § ÌÈzÁnNÂ
¦ § © ¦ § ÈL„˜¦ § ¨ ¯‰-χ © ¤ ÌÈ˙B‡È·‰ ¦ ¦ £ Ââ©
:ÌÈnr‰-ÏÎÏ
¦ © ¨ ¨ § ‡¯wÈ ¥ ¨ ¦ ‰lÙz-˙Èa
¨ ¦ § ¥ È˙È·
¦ ¥ Èk¦ ,ÈÁaÊÓ-Ïr
¦ § § ¦ © ÔBˆ¯Ï ¨ § ̉ÈÁ·ÊÂ
¤ ¥ § ¦§
:ÏÏη „Ú ‡Ï Â·ÊÚ˙ χ „Ú ,ω˜Â ÔÊÁ ,˜ÂÒÙ ¯Á‡ ˜ÂÒÙ ÌȯÓ‡ Ô¯‡‰ ÔÈÁ˙ÂÙ

Ïa˜Â
¥ © § eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯Â ¥ © § ÒeÁ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eÏB˜
¥ ÚÓL
© §
:e˙lÙz-˙‡
¥ ¨ ¦ § ¤ ÔBˆ¯·e ¨ § ÌÈÓÁ¯a ¦ £ ©§
:Ì„˜k
¤ ¤ § eÈÓÈ
¥ ¨ LcÁ ¥ © ‰·eLÂ
¨ ¨ § EÈχ ¤ ¥ | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § e·ÈL
¥ ¦ ‰£ã
:epnÓ
¤ ¦ Áwz-χ
© ¦ © EL„˜ § § ¨ Áe¯Â
© § EÈÙlÓ ¥ ¦ § © ‡ä©
¤ ¨ § ¦ eÎÈÏLz-Ï
:e·Êrz-χ
¥ § © © © eÁk ¥ Ÿ ˙BÏÎk § ¦ ‰˜Ê
¨ § ¦ ˙rÏ ¥ ¦ § © ‡©å
¥ § eÎÈÏLz-Ï
‰·BËÏ
¨ § ˙B‡ enr-‰N ¨ ¦ ¥ r£ç :epnÓ ¤ ¦ ˜Á¯z-χ
© § ¦ © ,eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § e·Êrz-Ï
¥ § © © ‡©æ
| ‰Èʇ‰ è̈ £ :ezÓÁÂ
¨ ¦ £ © eȯ¥ Ó‡ ¨ § © ¦ § ez¯Êr ¨Ÿ § ‰z‡-Èk
¨ § © £ ‰Â‰È ¨ © ¦ eL·È Ÿ ¥ § eȇN
¥ § Ÿ e‡¯È §¦ §
¨Ÿ § ,EÈÙÏ
‰Â‰È ¤ ¨ § eaÏ¥ ¦ ÔBÈ‚‰Â
§ ¤ § eÈÙ-ȯӇ
¦ ¥ § ¦ | ÔBˆ¯Ï ¨ § eȉ§ Èé¦ :e‚È‚‰
¥ ¦ £ ‰Èa¨ ¦ ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ §
:eȉG‡
¥ ¡ È„‡¨Ÿ £ ‰r˙¤ £ © ‰z‡ ¨ © ,eÏÁB‰
§ ¨ ¨Ÿ § EI-È
‰Â‰È § kë¦ :eχB‚Â
¥ £ § e¯eˆ ¥
:Ô¯‡‰ Ôȯ‚ÂÒ
© © § ¦ © î§ ,e˙lÙz
Ìlr˙z-χ ¥ ¨ ¦ § EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ‡B·zì̈ ,eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¥ Epidl` ¥Ÿ ¡
EÈÙI
¤ ¨ § ¯ÓBI
© ,Û¯Ú¤Ÿ ÈL ¥ ˜eñ§ ÌÈÙ ¦ ¨ Èf¥r©ð e‡¨ ÔȇL
¥ ¤ ,e˙pÁzÓ
¥¨¦ § ¦
§ © £ Ï·¨ ‡£ò ,e‡ËÁ
eÁ‡ ¨ ¨ ‡ÏŸ § eÁ‡§ © £ ÌȘÈcˆ¦ ¦ © ,eÈ˙B·‡
¥ £ ȉG‡Â ¥ ¥ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È
¨Ÿ §
:e‡Ë¨ Á1̈ eÈ˙B·‡Â
¥ £©
.e„ʧ © .erL¯ ö¦ § .eÈÂr
§ © § ‰Â ¦ ¡ ‰¤ô .ÈÙc ¦ Ÿ e¯ac§ © ¦ .eÏÊb § © ¨ .EpnW
§ © ¨ .e„‚a § © `2̈
.eˆI
§ © .e·fk
§ © ¦ .Ú¯¨ eˆrÈ
§ © ¨ .¯˜L § © ˨÷ .eÒÓÁ
¤ ¤ eÏÙ § © ¨
Â„¯Ó
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚È ‡ ÌÈω˙ (‰ :‡Î ‰ ‰Îȇ („ :Ê Â ‰ÈÚ˘È (‚ :ËÎ „ Ì˘ (· :Â Ï Ìȯ·„ (‡ ‡"Â˙
· ‰ Ì˘ (Ë :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÈ ÂÙ Ì˘ (Á :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·Î ÁÏ Ì˘ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë ‡Ú Ì˘ (Â
Ì˘ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚ ÁÙ Ì˘ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊË ÁÏ Ì˘ (Î :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ËÈ Ì˘ (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ,ÊÙ ‡ÓÂÈ (Ú :Ë „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (Ò : ÁÎ Ìȯ·„ Ù"Ú ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ‰
:ËÒ ËȘ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (˜ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ì˘ (ˆ : ˜ ÌÈω˙ (Ù
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ (1 ˙‚‰‰
ÈÙÏ ÌÈÏÓ‰ ¯‡˘· ÔΠ,(Ê ÛÈÚÒ Ê¯˙ ÔÓÈÒ Ê"‰„‡ Ú"¢ ‰‡¯) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ËÚÓ ‰Á˘È (2
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó) ·-‡‰ ¯„Ò
Á Ô¢‡¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 15
.Û¯Ú¤Ÿ eÈM˜¦ ¦ .e¯¯ˆ § © ¨ .erLt
§ © ¨ .eÈÂr
¦ ¨ .e¯¯Ò§ © ¨ .eˆ‡
§ © ¦ .e„¯Ó̈
§©
:erzrz
§ ¨ § ¦ .eÈrz ¦ ¨ .e·rz
§ © ¦ .e˙ÁL§ © ¦ .erL¯ §© ¨
Ïr© ˜Ècˆ
¦ © ‰z‡ ¨ ¨ Ÿ Â᧠ÌÈ·Bh‰
¨ © Â⧠:eϨ ‰ÂL-‡Ï ¦ © EÈËtLn
¤ ¨ § ¦ Óe ¤ Ÿ § ¦ ¦ Epx§ q
ঠEÈ˙ˆnÓ ©1
:erL¯§ ¨ § ‰1¦ eÁ‡Â§ © £ © ˙ÈNr ¨ ¦ ¨ ˙Ó‡-Èk ¤ ¡ ¦ ,eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ‡a‰-Ïk ¨© ¨
eaÏ¥ ¦ ‰Â¨cä¨ .NBNÓ¨ epnÓ ¤ ¦ ‰Ï¨ bã̈ .¯Bc-ÏkÓ ¨ ¦ eLa § Ÿ .Ìr-ÏkÓ ¨ ¨ ¦ EpnW` § © ¨
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa¥ Ïe·Êå§ .e¯‡t
.eLc˜Ó ¥ ¥ § Ú¯Ù © § ¦ § .eÈee‡¥ ¦ ÏaÁ‰ © § ª .eȇËÁa ¥ ¨£©
eÁk¥ Ÿ .ÌȯÊÏ ¦ ¨ § e˙Ó„‡ ¥ ¨ § © ÈÙBÈ ¦ .‰nLÏ ¨ © § ‰˙ȉ ¨ § ¨ e˙¯È ¥ ¨ Ëæ¦ .eÈÂra ¥Ÿ £ © ·¯Á ©¨
:ÌȯÎÏ ¦ § ¨§
¯ÓBÏ© ,et¯r¥ § ¨ ‰L˜ ¤ § © § eÈt ¥ ¨ ÊÈr ¦ ¨ Cȉ¥ .e˙eÚhÓ ¥ ¨ ¦ e·L § © ‡Ï Ÿ oicÓe¦ ©£©
Ÿ
‡Ï§ eÁ‡ § © £ ÌȘÈcˆ ¦ ¦ © ,eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £ ȉχ Ÿ
¥ ¥ eȉχ Ÿ
¥ ¡ ‰Â‰È Ÿ
¨ § EÈÙÏ ¤¨§
:e‡Ë¨ Á1̈ eÈ˙B·‡Â ¥ £ © eÁ‡ § © £ Ï·¨ ‡£ç ,e‡ËÁ ¨¨
.eÈÏr ¥ ¨ Ìlr ¨ ª e˙ § ¨ .epnÓ ¤ ¦ ˯BÓÓe ¨ § CMÓ ¨ ª Óè§ .eÏÓr ¥ ¨ £ e˜Lr § ¨ EpipiÓl ¥ ¥§
.Ì„iÓ Ôȇ ˜¯t
¨ ¨ ¦ ¥ ¥Ÿ
é .e· eÏLÓ ÌÈ„·ré .eÓÎL Ir eÏ·Ò
¨ § ¨ ¦ ¨ £ ¥ § ¦ © § © ¨
¥Ÿ £ © epnÓ
.eÈÂra ¤ ¦ z˜Á¯ ¨ § © ¨ .eȉG‡ ¥ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Ee‡¯˜ ¨ § .ee··Ò ¨ § ˙Ba¯© ˙B¯ˆ¨
:e„·‡Â
§ ¨ ¨ § eÈrz ¦ ¨ .EȯÁ‡Ó ¤ £ © ¥ e·§ L ©ë
ew ¥ © :Èw
¦ ¥ © ˙B¯zÒpÓ ¨ § ¦ ¦ ,ÔÈ·È-ÈÓ¦ ¨ ¦ ˙B‡È‚¦ L §ì ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ¯Ó‡ © ¨ E˜„ˆ § § ¦ giWn© ¦ §
,eÈ˙B‡ÓË-ÏkÓ
¥ § ª ¨ ¦ e¯‰ËÂ
¥ £ © § eÈrLt-IkÓ ¥¨ § ¨ ¦ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È
eȉχ ¨Ÿ §
¦ § © ¨î§ ,E‡È·
Èz˜¯Ê ¤ ¦ § „È-Ïr © © ·e˙kk ¨ © ,e¯‰Ë ¥ £ © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © eÈIr ¥ ¨ ˜B¯Êe§
ÌÎÈÏeJb-ÏkÓe
¤ ¥ ¦ ¨ ¦ ÌÎÈ˙B‡ÓË ¤ ¥ § ª IŸkÓ¦ ,Ìz¯‰Ëe ¤ § © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © ÌÎÈÏr ¤ ¥£
:ÌÎ˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ¯‰Ë‡ ¥ ©£
,ÚÓLe ¨ § Eʇ § § ¨ | ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰ñ© ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ÚeL © ¦ ˙B„eÓÁ-LÈ £ ‡ð¦ l`Ipc ¥¦ ¨
EÓL § ¦ ‡¯˜-¯L‡ ¨ § ¦ ¤ £ ¯Èr‰Â ¦ ¨ § ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ‰‡¯e ¥ § EÈÈr ¤ ¥ Á˜t ©§
,EÈÙϤ ¨ § eÈeÁz ¥ £ © ÌÈÏÈtÓ ¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ïr ¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ | Èk¦ ,‰ÈÏr̈ ¨ ¤
¨Ÿ £ ,‰ÁÏÒ
È„‡ ¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL ¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr ¤ £ © © Èk¦
E¯Èr-Ïr
§ ¦ © ‡¯˜ ¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk
§ ¦ ¦ ,ȉG‡ © ¡ ErÓI § © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ © © § © ,‰Nr ¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰¨ ¦ § ©
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © ©§
‡¯ÊÚ
:‡È „Î ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú („ :‚Ï Ë ‰ÈÓÁ (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÎ ‚Ï ·Âȇ (· :ËÏ ËȘ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (‡ ‡"Â˙
· ,ÊÙ ‡ÓÂÈ (Á :ÂÎ ËÒ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (Ê :‚È Á ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ Ù"Ú ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÈ ‰ ‰Îȇ (‰
ËÈ ÌÈω˙ (Ï :‡È ÂË ‡-χÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (Î :Á Ì˘ ‰Îȇ (È :Ê ÁÈ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ë :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
:ËÈ-ÁÈ Ë Ì˘ (Ò :‡È È Ï‡È„ ( :‰Î ÂÏ Ï‡˜ÊÁÈ (Ó :‚È
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ (1 ˙‚‰‰
Ô¢‡¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 16
Èt
© ¨ ȉχ© Ÿ ¡ Ìȯ‰Ï ¦ ¨ § ÈzÓÏÎ ¦ § Ÿ ,ȉÏ
¦ § © § ¦ § ÈzLa © Ÿ ‡¡à ,EÈÙϤ ¨ § ¯Ó‡ © ¨ ¯ÙBq‰ ¥ © `xfÓ ¨§ ¤
„r© ‰Ï„‚ ¨ § ¨ e˙ÓL‡Â¥ ¨ § © § L‡¯ Ÿ ‰IrÓÏ ¨ § © § e·¯ « ¨ eÈ˙Âr ¥ Ÿ Ÿ £ Èk¦ EÈχ ¤ ¥
Ÿ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
‡Ï ¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡-C¯‡ ¦ © © ¤ ¤ ÌeÁ¯Â © § ÔepÁ© ˙BÁÈÏÒ ¦ § dBI‡© ¡ ‰z‡ ¨ © Â᧠:ÌÈÓMÏ
¦¨ ¨©
e¯ˆBÈ
¥ § eÁÈÊz ¥ ¦ § © χ © § ,e‡¯Ba
¥ § eLhz ¥ § ¦ χ © § eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ e·Êrz ¥ § © © χ© :Ìz·Êr ¨ § ©£
¯·c‰-˙‡
¨ ¨ © ¤ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eϨ Ìi˜Â ¥ Ÿ © § ‰Ïk
¤ © § ,eÈ˙‡hÁk ¨ ¨ enr ¨ ¦ Nrz © © χ ©§
̉‰¥ ¨ ÌÈÓi ¦ ¨aâ© ,¯eÓ‡k ¨ ¨ .CÊBÁ ¨ e‰ÈÓ¯È
¨ § § ¦ È„È-Ïr
¥ § © ‰Ia˜a ¨ ¨ © § ezÁË·‰L ¨ § © § ¦ ¤
Ÿ © ¤ § epȇÂ
˙‡hÁ-˙‡Â ¤ ¥ § χ¯NÈ Ÿ £ ¤ Lw·È
¥ ¨ § ¦ ÔÂr-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ª § ‡È‰‰
© ª § ‰Â‰È-̇ ¦ © ˙r·e ¥¨
È·r¯
¥ ¥ § E˙IÁ § ¨ £ © § En§ rã© :¯È‡L‡ ¦ § © ¯L‡I ¤ £ © ÁIÒ‡ © § ¤ Èk¦ ‰‡ˆn˙ ¨ ¤ ¨ ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ § ‰„e‰È
¨ §
¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È
eȉχ ¨Ÿ Ï©ä Èk¦ eÚ„È § ¥ § e¯ÈkÈ ¦ © .ErLÈ ¤ § ¦ È·‡z ¥ ¥ § EcÒÁ ¤ § © ȇӈ ¥ ¥ § E·eË §
:˙BÁÈÏq‰Â
¦ § © § ÌÈÓÁ¯‰̈ ¦ £ ©

‰Nr¥ £ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èæ§ . EÓL ¤ § ‡¯˜ ¨ § ¦ ea¨ . EÓL ¤ § ÔepÁ©å χ¥ . EÓL ¤ § ÌeÁ¯å© l`¥
. E˙ȯa
¤ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ EzÓ‡. 1¤ ¦ £ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ ©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ E˙c . ¤ ¨ ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ Ez¯‡Ù˙ ¤ § © § ¦ § EÏ„b § § ¨ ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £
ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E¯ÎÊ ¤ § ¦ ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„eÚ ¤ ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„B‰ ¤
ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ E„eÁÈ. ¤ ¦ ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ E·eË . ¤ ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ EcÒÁ . ¤§ ©
ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙eÎÏÓ ¤ § © ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„enÏ ¤ ¦ ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„B·k ¤ §
. E¯‡t¤ ¥ § ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . Efr ¤ ª ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„BÒ ¤ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EÁˆ ¤§¦
EÈÓÁ¯¤ £ © ÔrÓI© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E˙M„˜ ¤ ¨ ª § ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E˙˜„ˆ ¤ ¨ § ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
‰Nr¥ £ . E˙l‰z ¤ ¨ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙ÈÎL ¤ ¨ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ ©¨
. ·˜rÈÂ
Ÿ £ © § ˜ÁˆÈ ¨ § ¦ ̉¯·‡ ¨ ¨ § © ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ ¯Ùr . ¨ ¨ ÈÎB ¥§ L ç EÈ·‰B‡¤£ ÔrÓI
©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ ‰ÓÏLe Ÿ Ÿ § „Âc ¦ ¨ ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ Ô¯‰‡Â Ÿ £ © § ‰LÓ ¤ Ÿ ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £
‰Nr¥ £ . E„B·k ¤ § ÔkL © § Óé¦ ÔBiˆ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EL„˜ ¤ § ¨ ¯Èr¦ ÌÏLe ¦© ¨ ¯È è§
‰Nr .
¥ £ EÁaÊÓ ¤ § § ¦ ˙eÒȯ‰ ¦ £ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ EÏÎȉ. ¤ ¨ ¥ ˙BÓÓL § ¦ ÔrÓÏ ©©§
. E„eÁÈ
¤ ¦ Ïr© ÌÈÁe·Ë ¦ § ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EL„˜ ¤ § ¨ ÌL ¥ Ïr© ÌÈ‚e¯‰ ¦ £ ÔrÓI ©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EÓL ¤ § Lec˜¦ Ïr© ÌÈn·e ¦ © © L‡· ¥ ¨ ȇa ¥ ¨ ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £
. eÚLÙ § ¨ ‡lL Ÿ ¤ ·IÁ ¥ bì§ ÔrÓÏ
¨ ¨ ÈÏeÓ © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ e‡ËÁ § ¨ ‡lL Ÿ ¤ ÌÈ„L ¦ © ¨ Ș¥ BÈ ë§
‰˘Ú

:(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë Ë Ï‡È„ (‰ :ÂÎ Ë Ìȯ·„ („ :Î  ‰ÈÓ¯È (‚ :ÊÈ Ë ‰ÈÓÁ (· :Â Ë ‡¯ÊÚ (‡ ‡"Â˙


ÌÈω˙ (È :„Î .ÊË Ì˘ χÈ„ Ù"Ú (Ë :ËÈ ÂÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È (Á :Ê „È ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ê : „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (Â
:Ë ÁÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ï :ÊË · χÂÈ Ù"Ú (Î :Á ÂÎ
.ÌÏÂη ÔΠ,C˙ȯa » ƒ ¬ ÔÚÓÏ :„ÈÓ˙ ¯Ó‡ ,˙ÂÁÈÏÒ· ¯Â·Èˆ ÁÈÏ˘Î È·¯‰ (1 ˙‚‰‰
» ƒ¿ .CzÈÓ‡
Ë Ô¢‡¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 17
‡ÏŸ ̇¦ ErÓÏ § © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . Ôa¯ ¨ © ˙Èa¥ ÏL ¤ ˙B˜BÈzঠÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
:erÈLB‰Â
¥ ¦ § ErÓÏ § © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . erÓÏ ¥£ © §
¥ £ . er
er ¥ £ eÈ·¦ ‡â̈ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Epp¥1 Ó £á
er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ eL¯Bc ¥ § er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ eχB ¥ £ bä er ¥ £ er. ¥ £ e‡¯B ¥ § aã
:er ¥ £ ÔÓ‡p‰¨ ¡ ¤ © χ¥ ‰å̈
:er¥ £ Ìi˜Â ¨ © § ÈÁç© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ¯LÈ ¨ ¨ § CÊ©æ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ § ˜È˙ ¦ ¨ EppÓ
¥£
ÌÈÒrk ¦ ¨ § L·B ¥ kë er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ¯ˆÈ ¤ ¤ r„B © ¥ Èé er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ·ÈËÓe ¦ ¥ ·BËè EppÓ ¥£
ÌÈÎIn‰¦ ¨ § © ÈÎÏÓ ¥ § © CI¤ Óî¤ er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § L·B ¥ Ïì er ¥ £ er. ¥£
:er ¥£
˙ra ¥ § ‰B ¤ Úò er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÏÁBÓe ¥ ÁÏBÒ
© ¥ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ·bN ñ¦ § ‡¯B¨ ð EppÓ
¨ § Â ¥£
:er¥ £ ¯LÈ ¨ ¨ § ˜Èc¦ ˆô© er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ÏÈvÓe ¦ © ‰„B ¤ tò er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ‰¯ˆ ¨¨
C¯÷© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÒBÚÎÏ § ¦ ‰L ¤ ˜÷¨ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ Âȇ¯B˜Ï ¨ § § ·B¯˜ö̈ EppÓ ¥£
:er ¥ £ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯ø© er ¥ £ er. ¥ £ ˙Bv¯I ©§
¥ £ . er
er ¥ £ ÌÈÓÈÓz ¦ ¦ § CÓBz ¥ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÌÈBÈ·‡-χ
¦ § ¤ ¤ rÓB ©¥ L ù EppÓ¥£
„Á© tá© er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ̉¯·‡ ¨ ¨ § © È‰Ï ¥ Ÿ ‡¡à er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £ È‰Ï ¥ Ÿ ‡¡ú
. er¥ £ ÌÈË·M‰ ¦ ¨ § © ˙¯Êr © § ¤ er ¥ £ er. ¥ £ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ¯È·¦ ‡£â er ¥ £ er. ¥ £ ˜ÁˆÈ¨ §¦
È·¦ ‡£ä er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÔBˆ¯¨ ˙ra ¥ § ‰B ¤ Úã er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ˙B‰n‡ ¨ ¦ ·bNÓ © § ¦ er ¥£
:er¥ £ ˙BÓχ ¨ § © Ôi©cä© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÌÈÓB˙È ¦ §
¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ
‰rL ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰i¯Bn‰ ¨ ¦ © ¯‰a © § eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ ̉¯·‡Ï ¨ ¨ § © § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ inå¦
¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓæ¦ . erÈ
‰rL ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÁaÊn‰ © ¥ § ¦ © Èab-Ir ¥ © © „˜rpLk © ¡ ¤ ¤ § Ba§ ˜ÁˆÈI ¨ § ¦§
ÌȯeÒ‡‰¦ £ ¨ ˙È·a ¥ § ÛÒBÈÏ ¥ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ I‡¥ ˙È·a ¥ § ·˜rÈÏ Ÿ £©§
. erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÛeÒ-ÌÈ-Ir © © eÈ˙B·‡Ï ¥ £ © ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓå¦ . erÈ¥ £ © ‡e‰
ÈÓ
‰ÈÚ˘È (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÏ ÁÈ ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ (· :È·Ï ‰"„ È"˘¯ ‡ ,ÊÈ ˙Âί· ‰‡¯Â .· ,‚Ï ˙·˘ (‡ ‡"Â˙
ÊΠ χÈ„ (Á : Á ·Âȇ Ù"Ú (Ê :Ë Ê Ìȯ·„ ( :„ ÊÓ Ì˘ (‰ :‡ ‚Ó Ì˘ Ù"Ú („ :ÊË ‚Ò
Ù"Ú (Ï :‡ ,Ê ˙Âί· ‰‡¯ (Î :„È ‚˜ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÁÒ ËȘ ÌÈω˙ (Ë :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
ÈÓÏ˘Â¯È (Ú :‰ ‚Ï ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ò :‡Î Ì˘ Ìȯ·„ Ù"Ú ( :‡ ,‚ ˙·‡ (Ó :ÊÈ Ë ‰ÈÚ˘È
„Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (¯ :‡È ,‰ ˙·‡ Ù"Ú (˜ :ÁÈ ‰Ó˜ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (ˆ :„ ·Ï Ìȯ·„ (Ù :‚ ,„ ˙Âί·
ËÓ Ì˘ (‚ :·Ó ‡Ï Ì˘ Ù"Ú (· :„Î ÂÎ ˙È˘‡¯· (‡ :Ê ÂÎ Ìȯ·„ (˙ :„Ï ËÒ ÌÈω˙ (˘ :Â
:‡È ,· ‰·¯ Ìȯ·„ (Ê :‡ ,ÂË ˙ÈÚ˙ Ù"Ú ( : ÁÒ ÌÈω˙ (‰ :Á ËÓ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú („ :„Î
,ȯ˘˙-ÏÂχ ,'„"·Á È‚‰Ó ¯ˆÂ‡' ‰‡¯) ˙‡˜ÒÙ‰ ÈÓÂÈÒ· ÂϘ ı"˘‰ ‰È·‚Ó ÂÚ ˙¯ÈÓ‡· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ÁÎ 'ÓÚ
Ô¢‡¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 18
‰zÁna¨ § © © Ô¯‰‡ÏŸ £ © § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ·¯BÁa ¥ § ‰LÓÏ ¤ Ÿ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓà¦
. erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰„r‰ ¨ ¥ ¨ CBzÓ¦ BÓe˜a§ ÒÁÈÙÏ ¨ § ¦ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓᦠ. erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰
χeÓLÏ
¥ § ¦ ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ⦠erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÏbÏba ¨ § ¦ © rLB‰ÈÏ
©ª ¦ ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓâ¦
‡e‰ ÌÏLe¯Èa ¦¨ ¨ ¦ B·§ ‰ÓÏLe Ÿ Ÿ § „Â„Ï ¦ ¨ § ‰rL¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ⦠erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰tˆna ¨§ ¦ ©
‰rL¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ㦠. erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÏÓ¯k‰ ¤ § © © ¯‰a © § e‰iÏ‡Ï ¨ ¦ ¥ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ⦠. erÈ ¥£©
‡e‰ ‰‚c‰ ¨ ¨ © ÈrÓa ¥ § ¦ ‰BÈÏ ¨ § ‰rL .
¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ⦠erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ BÁȯÈa ¦ ¦ ÚLÈχI ¨ ¦ ¡¤
ÈÓå¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ BÈÏÁa § ¨ § ‰„e‰È ¨ § CÏÓ ¤ ¤ e‰i˜ÊÁÏ ¨ ¦ § ¦ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓä¦ . erÈ ¥£©
. erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ L‡‰ ¥ ¨ ÔL·k¨ § ¦ CB˙a§ ‰È¯Êr ¨ § © £ © I‡LÈÓ ¥ ¨ ¦ ‰ÈÁÏ ¨ § © £ © ‰rL ¨¨ ¤
ÈÎc¯ÓÏ
© § § ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ erÈ. ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ˙Bȯ‡ ¨ £ ·B‚a§ χi„I ¥ ¦ ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓæ¦
‰ÏBba
¨ © ‡¯ÊrÏ ¨ § ¤ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰¯Èa‰ ¨ ¦ © ÔLeLa© § ¯z҇ ¥§ ¤§
ÌÈÓÈÓz‰Â
¦ ¦ § © § ÌÈ„ÈÒÁ‰Â ¦ ¦ £ © § ÌȘÈcv‰-ÏÎÏ
¦ ¦ © © ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰
:erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÌȯLȉ ¦¨ §©§
¨ ¨ © § ÂÓÁ¯
Ì„‡-„È·e ¨ £ © ÌÈa¯-Èk¦ © ¦ ‰Â‰È-„È·
¨Ÿ § © § ‡p-‰Ït
¨ ¨ § ¦ „‡Ó Ÿ § ÈÏ-¯ˆ
¦ © „b-χ¨ ¤ „Âc ¦ ¨ xn`I¤ Ÿ eç©
¨Ÿ ¤ ©
:‰Ït‡-χ
(̉ÈÙ ÏÚ ÌÈÏÙÂ Ôȇ)
Ïa˜Â¥ © § ÈÏr © ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ © ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © ‡Ï¥ Óé̈ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § .EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § È˙‡ËÁ ¦ ¨ ¨ ÔepÁ © § mEgxè©
ÈpÁ
¦ ¥ ¨ :È¯qÈ˙
¦ ¥ § © § E˙ÓÁa-I‡Â
§ ¨ £ © © § ÈÁÈÎB˙ ¦¥ ¦ Et‡a-I‡
§ © § © ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èë§ :ÈeÁz
¨ £ ©
‰Ï‰·
¨ £ § ¦ ÈLÙ ¦ § © § :ÈÓˆr ¨ ¨ £ eω· £ § ¦ Èk¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È‡Ù¯ ¦ ¥ ¨ § È‡ ¦ ¨ ÏÏÓ‡ © § ª Èk¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ §
ÔrÓI
© © § ÈrÈLB‰¦¥ ¦ ÈLÙ
¦ § © ‰ˆlÁ ¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰·eL ¨ :È˙Ó-„r
¨ ¨ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰z‡Â Ÿ §
¨ © § „‡Ó
,È˙Á‡a
¦ ¨ § © § | Èzr‚È ¦ § © ¨ :Cl-‰„BÈ
¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ IB‡La § ¦ E¯ÎÊ ¤ § ¦ ˙Âna ¤ ¨ © Ôȇ¥ Èk¦ :EcÒÁ ¤§ ©
ÈÈr
¦ ¥ ÒrkÓ © © ¦ ‰LLr ¨ § ¨ :‰ÒÓ‡ ¤ § © ÈN¯r ¦ § © È˙rÓ„a ¦ ¨ § ¦ § È˙hÓ ¦ ¨ ¦ ‰ÏÈI-Ïη ¨ § © ¨ § ‰ÁN‡ ¤ § ©
:ÈÈÎa
¦ § ¦ ÏB˜ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÚÓL-Èk
© ¨ ¦ Ô‡ ¥ £ Ÿ ¨ ÈpnÓ
¤ ¨ ÈÏrt-Ïk ¦ ¤ ¦ e¯eÒ :ȯ¯Bˆ-ÏÎa ¨ § ¨ § ‰˜˙r̈
¨ §
¨ §Ÿ
ȷȇ-Ïk ¨ „‡Ó Ÿ § eωaÈ £ ¨ ¦ § | eL·È Ÿ ¥ :ÁwÈ ¨ ¦ È˙lÙz ¦ ¨ ¦ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È˙pÁz ¦ ¨ ¦ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÚÓL̈
©
:Ú‚¯ © ¨ eL·È Ÿ ¥ e·LÈ̈ ª
„k© ‡¯a ¨ § .‡ÓÏr ¨ § ¨ ÈiÁÏ ¥ © § ÏB‡L § ÔÓ¦ ˜ÈqÓ ¦ © .‰iÁÓe ¤ © § ˙ÈÓ¦ Óì¥ ,ÈqÓe ¥ © ign ¥ ©
„ȯӄ ¦ ¨ § ‡c·r ¨ § © :dÈ·‡ÎÏ ¥ ¥ § ¦ Èq‡ ¥ © ÒÈÁ„ ¦ ¨ § ȉe·‡ ¦ £ .dÈ˜Ï ¥ § © ȉe·‡ ¦ £ ÈËÁ̈ ¥
ÔÈËÁÂ
¨ ¦ ¨ § Ô‡ ¨ £ C¯Îea ¨§ C¯¨ aî§ :dȯÏB˜ ¥¨ ¯Èa˙ ¦ © § ·È‡z ¦ ¨ dÈ¯Ó ¥ ¨ .¯ÏB˜a¨ § ˜ÈÙ ¦¨
‡‰¨ .Cn˜ ¨ © Ô„B¯Óe
¨ ¨ § Ô‡ ¨ £ Cc·r ¨ § © .Ôȯ¯Ó ¦ ¨ § ÔÈ„È‚a ¦ ¦ § ÔÈLÙ ¦ § © ȯ ¥ ¨ ‡‰¨ .Cn˜ ¨ ©
‡˙Ê··
· ·-ÌÈÎÏÓ („ :‡ ,ÂË ˙ÈÚ˙ Ù"Ú (‚ :· ,·Ù Ôȯ„‰Ò ‰‡¯ (· :ËÈ Ë Ìȯ·„ ‰‡¯ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:„È „Î ·-χÂÓ˘ (Á :‰Î-ÊÈ Â Ì˘ (Ê :ÊÎ-ÂÎ ‚ χÈ„ ‰‡¯ ( :È-· Î Ì˘ (‰ :·Î-‡Î
Ì‚¯˙ (Ó : · ‡-χÂÓ˘ (Ï :‡È-·  ÌÈω˙ (Î :‰ ,‡ ˙Âί· ÈÓÏ˘Â¯È (È : „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ë
:·Î „ ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"‰Ú Ô˙ÂÈ
È Ô¢‡¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 19
.ÔÈLÈÙc
¦ ¦ § ¦ CÓÁ¯a ¨ £ © § CpÓ ¨ ¦ eËÓa ¨ § .‡˙eȘÏÓa ¨ ¦ § © § ‡‰¨ .‡È·La ¨ § ¦ § ‡‰¨ .‡˙Ê·a ¨§¦ §
:‡È·Ma
¨ § ¦ © ‡¯ÈÓb ¨ ¦ § ȉ ¥ ¡ ¤ ‡Ïc ¨ § „r© .ÔÏr ¨ £ ÛB˜˙c § ¦ ÔÈ·‡ÎϦ ¥ § ¦ Èq‡ ¥ ©
ÈrÈÓLÓ
¥ ¦ § © :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ Ïr© aà© ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .eÈÓÁ¯ ¥ £ © eÒÈΉ ¦ § © .ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © iqipkn
¥ ¦§ ©
ÈrÈÓLÓ
¥ ¦ § © :‰lÙz ¨ ¦ § rÓB ©¥ L á ÈÙI¥ § ¦ .e˙lÙz ¥ ¨ ¦ § eÚÈÓL‰ ¦ § © .‰lÙz ¨ ¦ §
eÒÈΉ ¦ § © .‰rÓ„ ¨ § ¦ ÈÒÈÎÓ
¥ ¦ § © :‰˜rˆ ¨ ¨ § rÓB © ¥ Lâ ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .e˙˜rˆ ¥ ¨ £ © eÚÈÓL‰ ¦ § © .‰˜rˆ¨¨§
‰pÁz¨ ¦ § ea¯‰Â § © § eÏczL‰ § © § ¦ :˙BÚÓ„a ¨ § ¦ ‰v¯˙Ó ¤ © § ¦ CIÓ ¤ ¤ ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ eÈ˙BÚÓ„¥ § ¦
ÂÈÙÏ
¨ ¨ § eÚÈÓL‰ ¦ § © .ÂÈÙI ¨ ¨ § e¯Èkʉ ¦ § © :‡O ¨ ¦ § ̯㨠χ¥ CÏÓ ¤ ¤ ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .‰Lw·e
¨ ¨©
‰iÁÈÂ
¤ © ¦ Ì˙·‰‡ ¨ ¨ £ © ¯BkÊȧ ¦ .¯Ùr ¨ ¨ ÈÎB ¥ § Lå ÏL ¤ ÌÈ·BË ¦ ÌÈNrÓe¦ £ © ‰¯B¨ zä
‰È‰ ¨ ¨ ÔÓ‡ ¨ ¡ ¤ ‰rB ¤ ¯ç Ô‡ˆ Ÿ Èk¦ .·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ˙ȯ‡ ¦¥L §æ „·‡˙ © Ÿ ‡HL ¤ Ìr¯Ê ¨ §©
.erLÈ ¥ Ÿ ¡ er
¥ § ¦ ȉχ ¥ £ ¯‰Ó ¥ © .‰ÈLI¨ ¦ § ¦ § ÏL ë̈ § „Á‡
¨ ÓÏ ¨ ¤ ÈBbé χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ .‰t¯ è¤ §
¨ § ÁI
ÁÈLÓ
© ¦ § ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯a ¤ £ © § ‰rÈLB‰Â ¨ ¦ § ˙BL˜¨ ˙B¯Êb-IkÓ ¥ § ¨ ¦ e„Ùe ¥§
:Cnr ¨ © § C˜„ˆ ¨ §¦
ÔB‰lk § ª .dÈe·LÏ
¥ § ¦ ÔpÁ˙Ó„ ¥ © § ¦ § .‡È·L ¨ § ¦ ¯·k © § .ÔpÁ˙Ó
¨ ¥ © § ¦ CϨ .‡iÓL·c ¨ © § ¦ § oxn ¨¨
.ÈeÁ˙·e
¥ £ © § ÈÓÁ¯a ¥ £ © § χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ Cnr ¨ © § .ÔȘ¯t˙Ó¦ § ¨ § ¦ ‡tÒÎa ¨ § © § .‡È·L ¨ § ¦ Èa¥§
:CÓ„˜¨ ¨ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ̘ȯ ¨ ¥ ¯c‰ © § ¤ ‡Ic ¨ § ÔÈ˙eÚ·e ¦ ¨ ÔÈzI‡L ¦ § ¦ § ÔϨ ·‰©
Ô‡
¨ £ ȘÈLr¥ ¦ £ .dȯÓÏ ¥ ¨ § ÔpÁ˙Óc
¥ © § ¦ § ‡c·rk ¨ § © § .ÔpÁ˙Ó ¨ ¥ © § ¦ CϨ .‡iÓL·c ¨ © § ¦ § oxn ¨¨
˙ÈI¥ ‡ÏÈÁ ¨ ¥ .ÔÈLÈÙ„ ¦ ¦ § ¦ ÔÈ˙˜rÓ ¦ § © ¥ ÔÈLÙ ¦ § © ÔÈ¯È¯Ó ¦ ¦ § .ÔȯL ¨ ¦ ¨ ‡ÎBLÁ·e ¨ £©
:‡˙‰·‡
¨ ¨ ¨ § © Ìr¦ z¯Ê‚c ¨ § © § ¦ ‡Ói˜ ¨ ¨ © IÈ„a ¦ § „È·r ¦ £ .Ô¯Ó ¨ ¨ CÈev¯Ï
¨ © § Ôä

,χ¯NÈ © Ÿ χÂ
¥ ¨ § ¦ „·‡È © § ,χ¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙ȯ‡ ¦¥L î§ ¯BÓL§ ,χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ xnF
¥ Wì
:χ¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ÚÓ© L §ð ÌȯÓB‡‰
¦§ ¨
,„Á‡ © Ÿ χÂ
¨ ¤ ÈBb „·‡È ¨ ¤ rñ© ˙ȯ‡L
© § ,„Á‡-Ì ¦ ¥ § ¯BÓL ¨ ¤ ÈBbé xnFW
§ ,„Á‡ ¥
:„Á‡¨ ¤ | ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ,eȉχ
¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â¨Ÿ‰È ð § ,EÓL§ ¦ ÌÈ„ÁÈÓ‰
¦£© § ©
© Ÿ χÂ
ÈBb „·‡È © § ,LB„˜¨ Ìrô© ˙ȯ‡L ¦ ¥ § ¯BÓL § ,LB„˜¨ ÈBbò xnFW ¥
:LB„˜Ï ¨ § ˙BM„˜ ª § LÏLaŸ ¨ § ÌÈLlLÓ‰ ¦ § © § © ,LB„˜¨
,Èr
¦ ¨ ¯B„ϧ Òit˙‰Â
¥ © § ¦ § ‰v¯˙‰
¤ © § ¦ ,ÌÈeÁ˙a
¦ £ © § Òit˙Óe
¥ © § ¦ ,ÌÈÓÁ¯a
¦ £ ©§ dSxzn
¤ ©§ ¦
:¯ÊBÚ
¥ Ôȇ¥ Èk¦
ÂÈ·‡
˙·‡ Ù"Ú (‰ :ÂË Ê ‰ÈÚ˘È („ :‡ ,ÂË ˙ÈÚ˙ (‚ :· ,ÁÎ ˙Âί· (· :ÂË ,Ê ‰·¯ ˙ω˜ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:Ë „Î ‰ÈÓ¯È Ù"Ú (Ë :‚È ,Ê ‰·¯ ¯˙Ò‡ (Á :Ê ‰ ‰ÎÈÓ (Ê :ËÈ ÂÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È ( :Ë ,Â
:„  Ìȯ·„ ( : ‡Ï ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ó :„ ‡Î˜ ÌÈω˙ (Ï :Ì˘ ‰ÈÓ¯È (Î :‚Î Ê ·-χÂÓ˘ (È
:Â Ê Ìȯ·„ (Ù : ËÈ ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (Ú :Á ‚ ¯˙Ò‡ (Ò
Ô¢‡¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 20
:‰z‡ ¨ ¨ ‡l‡
¨ ¤ CÏÓ ¤ ¤ eϨ Ôȇ¥ ekÏÓ ¥ § © eÈ·¦ ‡á̈ :‰z‡¨ ¨ eÈ·‡ ¥ § © Epia¦ `à̈
¦ ¨ ekÏÓ
ea¨ Ôȇ¥ Èk¦ erÂ¥ £ © epÁ
¥ ¨ ekÏÓ
¥ § © eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ :eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ § © eÈ·¦ ‡à̈
¥ © ekÏÓ
:erÈLB‰Â
¥ ¦ § ÏB„b‰ ¨ © EÓL § ¦ ÔrÓÏ
© © § „ÒÁ¤ ¤ ¨ ‰˜„ˆ
¨ ¨ § enr
¨ ¦ ‰Nr ¥ £ ÌÈNrÓ ¦ £©
EÈÓÁ¯¤ £ © ¯Î Ÿ Ê㧠:eÈÈr ¥ ¥ EÈÏr ¤ ¨ Èk¦ ,‰Nrp-‰Ó¤ £ © © Ú„ © ¥ ‡ÏŸ Epgp` § © £ e©â
¨Ÿ § EcÒÁ-ȉ
‰Â‰È § § © ¦ Èä§ :‰n‰ ¨ ¥ ÌÏBÚÓ ¨ ¥ Èk¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁ ¨Ÿ §
¤ ¨ £ © ‰Â‰È
,ÌÈBL‡¯
¦ ¦ ˙BÂr Ÿ £ eI-¯kÊz-Ï
¨ ¨ § ¦ ‡©å :CϨ eIÁÈ § © ¦ ¯L‡k
¤ £ © ,eÈÏr ¥¨
,epÁ
¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ep¥ Áæ̈ :„‡Ó Ÿ § eBl„© Èk¦ ,EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © eeÓc˜È § © § ¯‰Ó¥ ©
:¯BkÊ˙ § ¦ ‰„˜r ¨ ¥ £ Ê‚¯a ¤Ÿ § :¯BkÊz § ¦ ÌÁ¯ ¤Ÿ aç§ :Êe· er·N
¥ © Ê‚¯ § © ¨ ·¯-Èk © ¦
,‰rÈLB‰
¨ ¦ ‰Â‰¨Ÿ Èè§ :¯BkÊ˙ § ¦ ‰·‰‡ ¤Ÿ § :¯BkÊz
¨ £ © Ê‚¯a § ¦ ˙BÓÈÓz ¤Ÿ §
¦ § Ê‚¯a
¯Ùr-Èk
¨ ¨ ¦ ¯eÎʨ ,e¯ˆÈ ¥ § ¦ Ú„È © ¨ ‡e‰-Èké¦ :e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ
¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ ©
eIÈv‰Â
¥ ¦ © § ,EÓL-„B·k
¤ § § ¯·c-Ïr
© § © erLÈ ¥ § ¦ ȉG‡¥ ¡ | e¯¥ Êr ë§ ¨ :eÁ‡
§ ¨£
:EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ ¥ Ÿ © © ¯tÎÂ
© © § eÈ˙‡hÁ-Ïr ¥©§
CÈÏÓÈÂ
¦ § © § d˙eÚ¯Î
¥ § ¦ ‡¯· ¨ § Èc¦ ‡ÓÏra¨ § ¨ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡a¯¨ © dÓL © © § ¦ § lCBz
¥ § Lc˜˙ÈÂ © © § i1¦
ÔBÎÈiÁa¥ © § :ÔÓ‡ .dÁÈLÓ ¥ ¦ § ·¯˜È ¥ ¨ ¦ d˜¯et ¥¨ § ÁÓˆÈÂ
© § © § ,d˙eÎIÓ ¥ § ©
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,·È¯˜ ¦ ¨ ÔÓÊ·e© § ¦ ‡I‚ra ¨ ¨ £ © ,I‡¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-I΄
¥ ¨ § ÈiÁ·e ¥ © § ÔBÎÈÓBÈ·e
¥ §
ÁazLÈÂ
© © § ¦ § C¯a˙È ¥ ¨ § ¦ :‡iÓÏr ¨ © § ¨ ÈÓIrÏe ¥ § ¨ § ÌÏrÏ © ¨ § C¯·Ó © ¨ § ‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § ‡‰È ¥§
‡L„e˜c
¨ § § dÓL ¥ § Il‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‰lr˙Ȥ © § ¦ § ¯c‰˙Ȩ © § ¦ § ‡O˙ÈÂ
¥ © § ¦ § ÌÓB¯˙ÈÂ
¨ § ¦ § ¯‡t˙ÈÂ
¥ ¨ § ¦§
,‡˙ÓÁÂ
¨ ¨ ¡ ¤ § ‡˙ÁaLz
¨ ¨ § § ª ,‡˙¯ÈL ¨ ¨ ¦ § ‡˙ίa-Ïk¨ ¨ § ¦ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ‡lrÏ ¨ ¥ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡e‰ Cȯa ¦§
:ÔÓ‡¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,‡ÓIra ¨ § ¨ § Ô¯ÈÓ‡c
¨ ¦ £ ©
Èc¦ ÔB‰e·‡£ Ì„˜ ¨ ¢ ,χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-Ï΄ ¥ ¨ § ÔB‰˙eÚ·e § ¨ ÔB‰˙Bψ § § lAwzY ¥© § ¦
ÌÈiÁ ‡iÓL ÔÓ ‡a¯ ‡ÓÏL ‡‰È :ÔÓ‡ e¯Ó‡Â2 ,‡iÓL·
¦ © § ¨ © § ¦ ¨ © ¨ ¨ § ¥ § ¥ ¨ § ¦ § ¨ © § ¦
,ÂÈÓB¯Óa
¨ § ¦ ÌBÏL ¨ ‰N ¤3 ŸÚì :ÔÓ‡ ¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,χ¯NÈ-Ïk
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¨ Ïr © § eÈÏr¥ ¨ ÌÈ·BË
¦
4 ¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â
:ÔÓ‡ § ¦ § ,χ¯NÈ-Ïk
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¨ Ir © § eÈÏr¥ ¨ ÌBÏL ¨ ‰NrÈ ¤ £ © ‡e‰
ȯ˘‡
Ì˘ (‰ : ‰Î ÌÈω˙ („ :·È Î ·-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ (‚ :· ,‰Î ˙ÈÚ˙ (· :‡ , ˙ÈÚ˙ Û"ȯ (‡ ‡"Â˙
Ì˘ (Î :„È ‚˜ Ì˘ (È :È Î ÌÈω˙ (Ë :· ‚ ˜Â˜·Á (Á :‚ ‚Θ Ì˘ (Ê :Á ËÚ Ì˘ ( :·Î ‚Ï
:· ‰Î ·Âȇ (Ï :Ë ËÚ
,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‰ÁÈ˘Ó ·¯˜È ,‡·¯ ‰Ó˘ ˙·È˙‰ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘È„˜· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ (1 ˙‚‰‰
(¯Ó‡ ˙ˆ˜ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ͯ·˙È . . ‰Ó˘ ‡‰È (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁÂ
ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‡Â‰ Íȯ· ‡˘„˜„ ‰Ó˘ (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) Ïω˙È . . Á·˙˘ÈÂ
.(6 'ÓÚ ,ÌÈ‚‰Ó‰ ¯ÙÒ)
.(Ì˘) ˙ˆ˜Ó· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ Z Ï·˜˙˙ Ï˘ ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú˘· (2
.ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰ ÔÈÓÈÏ Z ‰˘ÂÚ :˘È„˜ Ï˘ ÌÂÏ˘ ‰˘ÂÚ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰Â ˙ÈÈˉ (3
ÚˆÓ‡· Z ÔÓ‡ . . ‡Â‰ ¢‡¯ Û˜ÂÊ ,ÚˆÓ‡· Z ÂÈÓ¯ӷ .ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰ Ï‡Ó˘Ï Z ÌÂÏ˘
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó)
ÈÚ„ ‡ÓÁ¯ ˙¯È˘· ÌÈÓÈÈÒÓ ,Ï·˜˙˙ ˘È„˜ ¯Á‡Ï ,È·¯‰ Ï˘ 'ÔÈÓ'· ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ ˙¯ÈÓ‡· (4
."‡ÈÚ ÈÈÚÏ
‡È È˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 21

:‰Ïq ¨ ¤ EeÏÏ‰È § © § „BÚ ,E˙È· ¤ ¥ È·LBÈ ¥ § ixW ¥ § `©à


Ìr‰¨ ¨ ȯL‡ ¥ § © ,BJ ‰ÎkL ¨ ¨ ¤ Ìr‰ ¨ ¨ ȯL ¥ § ‡©á
EÓÓB¯‡
§ ¦ £ ,„Â„Ï ¦ ¨ § ‰J‰ ¨ ¦ z⧠:ÂȉG‡ ¨ ¡ ‰Â‰ÈL ¨Ÿ § ¤
:„r¤ ¨ ÌIBÚϨ § EÓL § ¦ ‰Î¯·‡Â ¨ § ¨ £ © ,CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © ȉBI‡ © ¡
ÌÏBÚÏ
¨ § EÓL § ¦ ‰Iω‡Â ¨ § © £ © ,jί·‡ ¨ ¤ § ¨ £ ÌBÈ-IÎa ¨ §
Ôȇ¥ B˙l„‚I¨ ª § ¦ § ,„‡Ó Ÿ § IJ‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„b¨ :„rÂ̈ ¤
¤Ÿ
EÈ˙¯e·‚e § ,EÈNrÓ ¤ £ © ÁaLÈ © © § ¯B„I§ ¯Bc :¯˜Á ¤¥
¤ Ÿ § § ¦ ȯ·„Â
EÈ˙‡ÏÙ ¥ § ¦ § ,E„B‰ ¤ „B·k§ ¯„‰ © £ :e„ÈbÈ ¦©
E˙J„‚e
§ ¨ ª § ,e¯Ó‡È ¥ Ÿ EÈ˙‡¯B ¤ Ÿ § ÊeÊr ¡ ¤ :‰ÁÈN‡ ¨ ¦ ¨
E˙˜„ˆÂ
§ ¨ § ¦ § ,eÚÈaÈ ¦ © E·eË-·¯
§ © ¯ÎÊ ¤ ¤ :‰p¯tÒ‡ ¨¤§ ©£
-I„‚e ¨ § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌeÁ¯Â © § ÔepÁ© :ep¯È ¥ ©§
-Ïk-Ïr
¨ © ÂÈÓÁ¯Â ¨ £ © § ,ÏkI Ÿ © ‰Â‰È-·BË ¨Ÿ § :„ÒÁ̈¤
EÈ„ÈÒÁÂ
¤ ¦ £ © ,EÈNrÓ-Ïk ¤ £ © ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Ee„BÈ :ÂÈNrÓ ¨ £©
E˙¯e·‚e
§ ¨ § ,e¯Ó‡È ¥ Ÿ E˙eÎÏÓ § § © „B·k§ :‰Îeί·È ¨ §¨ §
¨Ÿ
,ÂÈ˙¯e·b § Ì„‡‰ ¨ ¨ ¨ È·Ï ¥ § ¦ | rÈ„B‰Ï © ¦ § :e¯a„È ¥ ©§
˙eÎÏÓ § © ,E˙eÎIÓ § § © :B˙eÎÏÓ § © ¯„‰ © £ „B·Îe §
Ÿ ¨ ¯Bc-IÎa
:¯„ ¨ § EzÏLÓÓe § §© § ¤ ¦ ¨Ÿ
,ÌÈÓÏÚ-Ik̈
-ÏÎI ¨ § Û˜BÊ ¥ § ,ÌÈÏÙp‰-IÎI ¦ § Ÿ © ¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § CÓBÒ ¥
‰z‡Â¨ © § ,e¯aNÈ ¥ © § EÈI‡ ¤ ¥ ÏÎ-ÈÈr Ÿ ¥ ¥ :ÌÈÙeÙk‰ ¦ § ©
,E„È-˙‡
¤ ¨ ¤ Á˙Bt © ¥ :Bzra ¦ § ÌÏ·-˙‡¨ § ¨ ¤ ̉I-Ô˙B ¤¨ ¥
ÚÈ·˘ÓÂ

:ÍÏȇ ‡ ‰Ó˜ Ì˘ (‚ :ÂË „Ó˜ Ì˘ (· :‰ „Ù ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙


È˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 22

-ÏÎa ¨Ÿ § ˜Ècˆ
¨ § ‰Â‰È ¦ © :ÔBˆ¯¨ ÈÁ-ÏÎÏ© ¨ § rÈaNÓe © ¦ § ©
-ÏÎI ¨Ÿ § ·B¯˜¨ :ÂÈNrÓ-ÏÎa
¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨ £ © ¨ § „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ § ,ÂÈίc
¨ ¨ §
-ÔBˆ¯§ :˙Ó‡· ¤ ¡ ¤ e‰‡¯˜È ª ¨ § ¦ ¯L‡¤ £ ÏÎI Ÿ § ,Âȇ¯˜ ¨ §Ÿ
:ÌrÈLBÈÂ
¥ ¦ § ÚÓLÈ © § ¦ Ì˙rÂL-˙‡Â
¨ ¨§© ¤ § ,‰NrÈ ¤ £ © Âȇ¯È¨ ¥§
¨ £Ÿ
-Ïk¨ ˙‡Â¥ § ,ÂÈ·‰‡-Ik-˙‡ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯ÓBL ¥
,Èt¦ ¯a„Ȥ © § ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ˙l‰z © ¦ § :„ÈÓLÈ ¦ § © ÌÈrL¯‰̈¦¨ §
:„r¤ ¨ ÌIBÚÏ
¨ § BL„˜ § ¨ ÌL ¥ ¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ C¯·È ¥¨ ¦
:dÈeIω
¨ § © ÌIBÚ-„rÂ
¨ © § ‰zrÓ¨ © ¥ ,dȨ C¯· § © £ Âà©
¥ ¨ § | eÁ‡
:˘È„˜ ȈÁ ı"˘Ï
CÈÏÓÈÂ
¦ § © § d˙eÚ¯Î
¥ § ¦ ‡¯· ¨ § Èc¦ ‡ÓÏra ¨ § ¨ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § Lc˜˙È© © § ¦ § lCBz
© © § i1¦
ÔBÎÈiÁa
¥ © § :ÔÓ‡ .dÁÈLÓ ¥ ¦ § ·¯˜È ¥ ¨ ¦ d˜¯et
¥¨ § ÁÓˆÈÂ
© § © § ,d˙eÎIÓ
¥ § ©
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,·È¯˜ ¦ ¨ ÔÓÊ·e
© § ¦ ‡I‚ra
¨ ¨ £ © ,I‡¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-I΄
¥ ¨ § ÈiÁ·e ¥ © § ÔBÎÈÓBÈ·e
¥ §
ÁazLÈÂ
© © § ¦ § C¯a˙È ¥ ¨ § ¦ :‡iÓÏr
¨ © § ¨ ÈÓIrÏe
¥ § ¨ § ÌÏrÏ © ¨ § C¯·Ó © ¨ § ‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § ‡‰È ¥§
‡L„e˜c
¨ § § dÓL ¥ § Il‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‰lr˙ÈÂ
¤ © § ¦ § ¯c‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‡O˙ÈÂ
¥ © § ¦ § ÌÓB¯˙ÈÂ
¨ § ¦ § ¯‡t˙ÈÂ¥ ¨ § ¦§
,‡˙ÓÁÂ
¨ ¨ ¡ ¤ § ‡˙ÁaLz
¨ ¨ § § ª ,‡˙¯ÈL ¨ ¨ ¦ § ‡˙ίa-Ïk
¨ ¨ § ¦ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ‡lrÏ ¨ ¥ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡e‰ Cȯa ¦§
:ÔÓ‡¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,‡ÓIra
¨ § ¨ § Ô¯ÈÓ‡c
¨ ¦ £ ©
¥ § ¦ Ó©â :ÌÈt‰
ÔB‡˙p-‰ ¦ ¨ © ˙La ¤ Ÿ eÏ ¨ § ,‰˜„v‰ ¨ ¨ § © È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ Ll§ á
¨ § § ä© :˜cˈp-‰Óe
‰NtÁ ¨© §¦ © ¯a„p-‰Ó
¥ © § © ¯Ó‡p-‰ © Ÿ Óe ©ã
‰ËeLÙ
¨ § EÈÓ § ¦ Èå§ Èk¦ ,EÈχ ¤ ¥ ‰·eL ¨Ÿ § © § eÈί„
¨ ¨ § ‰¯˜Á ¥ ¨ §
,EÈÙÏ ¦ £ © § Ÿ § „ÒÁ·-‡Ï
¤ ¨ § e‡a¨ ÌÈNrÓ·-‡Ï ¤ ¤ § Ÿ :ÌÈ·L ¦ ¨ Ïa˜I
¥ ©§
ÌeÁ¯æ© e˜Ù„§ © ¨ EÈ˙Ïc¤ ¨ § :EÈ˙I„ ¤ ¨ § e˜Ùc§ © ¨ ÌÈL¯Îe
¦ ¨ § ÌÈl„k
¦ ©§
ekÏÓ
¥ § © EÈÙJÓ
¤ ¨ § ¦ :EÈÙlÓ
¤ ¨ § ¦ ̘ȯ ¨ ¥ e·ÈLz-χ
¥ ¦ § © ‡¨ ,ÔepÁ ©§
:‰JÙz © ¥ Lç ‰z‡
¨ ¦ § rÓB ¨ © Èk¦ ,e·ÈLz
¥ ¦ § χ© ̘ȯ ¨ ¥
ÚÓ¢
‰Îȇ (‰ :ÊË „Ó ˙È˘‡¯· Ù"Ú („ :ËÏ ‚ ‰Îȇ Ù"Ú (‚ :Ê Ë Ï‡È„ (· :ÁÈ Â˘ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:· ,ÁÎ ˙Âί· (Á : „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ÁÏ˘· ‡ÓÂÁ˙ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ó Ì˘
,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‰ÁÈ˘Ó ·¯˜È ,‡·¯ ‰Ó˘ ˙·È˙‰ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘È„˜· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ (1 ˙‚‰‰
(¯Ó‡ ˙ˆ˜ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ͯ·˙È . . ‰Ó˘ ‡‰È (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁÂ
ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‡Â‰ Íȯ· ‡˘„˜„ ‰Ó˘ (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) Ïω˙È . . Á·˙˘ÈÂ
.(6 'ÓÚ ,ÌÈ‚‰Ó‰ ¯ÙÒ)
·È È˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 23
Ÿ £ © § ¦ § ¯Na-ÏÎ
˙ÂÁzL‰Ï ¨ ¨ ¨ ‡B·Èá̈ :e‡·È Ÿ ¨ ¯Na-Ïk ¨ ¨ ¨ EÈ„r ¤ ¨ ,‰lÙz ¨ ¦ § ÓnF ©¥ W à
:EÓLI¤ § ¦ e„aÎÈ § © ¦ ,È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ EÈÙÏ £ © § ¦ § | e‡B·Èâ̈ :‰Â‰È
¤ ¨ § eÂÁzLÈ ¨Ÿ § EÈÙI ¤¨§
| ÂȯrL ¨ ¨ § e‡Ÿaä :eNÚ ¥ Ÿ ‰Â‰È-ÈÙÏ ¨Ÿ § ¥ § ¦ ‰Î¯· ¨ § § ¦ ,‰r¯Î ¨ ¨ § ¦ § ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ e‡Ÿaã
¨Ÿ § ¤ eίa
‰Â‰È-˙‡ § ¨ | ‰p¥ ‰å¦ :BÓL § eίa § ¨ BÏ-e„B‰ ,‰l‰˙a ¨ ¦ § ¦ ÂÈ˙¯ˆÁ ¨ Ÿ ¥ £ ‰„B˙a ¨ §
,L„˜ ¤Ÿ Ì΄È-e‡N ¤ ¥§ § :˙BÏÈla ¨Ÿ §
¥ © ‰Â‰È-˙È·a ¥ § ÌÈ„ÓÚ‰ ¦ § Ÿ ¨ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È„·r-Ïk̈¥§ ©
eÓÓB§ ¯ç :ÂÈÏ‚¯ ¨ § © Ì„‰Ï Ÿ £ © ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ ,ÂÈ˙BkLÓÏ ¨ § § ¦ § ‰‡B ¨ ·æ ¨ :‰Â‰È-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ¤ eί·e §¨
eȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eÓÓB § ¯è :‡e‰ LB„˜¨ ,ÂÈÏ‚¯ ¨ § © Ì„‰Ï Ÿ £ © eÂÁzL‰Â £ © § ¦ § eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ §
¨Ÿ © eÂÁzL
‰Â‰ÈÏ £ © § ‰é¦ :eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § LB„˜-Èk ¨ ¦ ,BL„˜ § ¨ ¯‰Ï © § eÂÁzL‰Â £ © § ¦§
‡B·¨ EcÒÁ § § © ·¯a Ÿ § eÁ‡ § © £ Âë© :ı¯‡‰-Ïk¤ ¨ ¨ ¨ ÂÈtÓ ¨ ¨ ¦ eIÈÁ¦ ,L„˜-˙¯„‰a ¤Ÿ © §© §
ÏÎȉ-χ
© ¥ ¤ ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ì¦ :E˙‡¯Èa ¤ ¨ § ¦ § EL„˜-ÏÎȉ-χ
§ § ¨ © ¥ ¤ ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ ,E˙È· ¤ ¥
-Ïk-Ïr
¨ © zÏc‚‰-Èk ¨ § © § ¦ ¦ ,EzÓ‡-Ir ¤ ¦ £ © § EcÒÁ-Ïr § § © © EÓL-˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ‰„B ¤ § EL„˜ § §¨
E˙eÓ‡Â
§ ¨ ¡ ¤ ,dȨ | ÔÈÒÁ ¦ £ EBÓÎ-ÈÓ ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ | ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ îȧ :E˙¯Ó‡ ¤ ¨ § ¦ EÓL § ¦
:ÌÈI‡ ¦ ¥ È·a ¥ § ¦ ‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨Ÿ © ‰Ó„È ¤ § ¦ ,‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨Ÿ © C¯rÈ Ÿ £ © ˜ÁM· © © © ÈÓ¦ Èkð¦ :EÈ˙B·È·Ò ¤ ¦ §
ÏB„‚-È ¨ kò¦ :Ec·I ¤ © § Ìȉχ ¦ Ÿ ¡ ‰z‡ ¨ © ,˙B‡IÙ ¨ § ¦ ‰NÚ ¥ Ÿ § ‰z‡ ¨ © IB„‚-È ¨ kñ¦
Ÿ § Ïl‰Óe
,„‡Ó ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„bô̈ :EzÓ‡ ¤ ¦ £ ÌȘÁL-„r ¦ ¨ § © § ,EcÒÁ ¤ § © ÌÈÓL-ÏrÓ ¦© ¨ ©¥
‡e‰ ‡¯B ¨ ,„‡Ó Ÿ § Ïl‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„‚¨ Èkö¦ :¯˜Á ¤ ¥ Ôȇ¥ B˙l„‚Ï ¨ ª§ ¦ §
¯L¤ ‡£ø :Ìȉχ-Ïk-Ïr¦ Ÿ ¡ ¨ © IB„b¨ CÏÓe ¤ ¤ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„b¨ χ¥ Èk÷¦ :Ìȉχ-Ïk-Ir ¦Ÿ ¡ ¨ ©
‡G ÈÓù¦ :E˙¯e·‚Π¤ Ÿ § ¦ § EÈNrÓÎ ¤ £ © § ‰NrÈ-¯L‡ ¤ £ © ¤ £ ı¯‡·e ¤ ¨ ¨ ÌÈÓMa ¦ © ¨ © χ-ÈÓ ¥ ¦
Ì˙eÎÏÓ-Ïηe
¨ § © ¨ § ÌÈBb‰ ¦ © ÈÓÎÁ-Ïη ¥ § © ¨ § Èk¦ ,‰˙‡È ¨ ¨ ¨ Eϧ Èk¦ ÌÈBb‰ ¦ © CÏÓ ¤ ¤ E‡¯È £ ¨¦
Eϧà :‰¯e·‚a ¨ § ¦ EÓL § ¦ ÏB„‚ ¨ § ‰z‡ ¨ © ÏB„b¨ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EBÓk¨ Ôȇ¥ Óú¥ :EBÓk¨ ÔÈ‡Ó ¥ ¥
‰z‡ ¨ © ,‰ÏÈI ¨ § ¨ EI-Û‡ § © ÌBÈ Eϧá :EÈÓÈ ¤ ¦ § Ìe¯z¨ E„ȧ ¨ ÊÚz Ÿ ¨ ,‰¯e·b-Ìr ¨ § ¦ rB¯Ê © §
:BÏ Ìȯ‰ ¦ ¨ ˙ÙrB˙ Ÿ £ § ,ı¯‡-ȯ˜ÁÓ ¤ ¨ ¥ § § ¤ B„Èa ¨ § ¯L ¤ ‡£â :LÓL ¤ ¨ ¨ ¯B‡Ó¨ ˙BÈΉ ¨ ¦£
‰l„b‰
¨ ª § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Eϧä :B˙J‰z-Ïk ¨ ¦ § ¨ rÈÓLÈ © ¦ § © ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ˙B¯e·b§ IlÓÈ ¥ © § ÈÓã¦
¨Ÿ § Eϧ ,ı¯‡·e
‰Â‰È ¤ ¨ ¨ ÌÈÓMa ¦ © ¨ © ÏÎ-Èk Ÿ ¦ ,„B‰‰Â © § Áˆp‰Â © ¥ © § ˙¯‡Ùz‰Â ¤ ¤ § ¦ © § ‰¯e·b‰Â ¨ §©§
Ï·z
¥ ¥ ,ı¯‡ ¤ ¨ EI-Û‡ § © ÌÈÓL ¦ © ¨ Eϧ å :L‡¯Ï Ÿ § | ÏÎÏ Ÿ § ‡O˙n‰Â ¥ © § ¦ © § ,‰ÎIÓn‰ ¨¨ § © ©
Û¯Á¤Ÿ ¨ ıȘ ¦ © ,ı¯‡ ¤ ¨ ˙BÏe·b-Ïk § ¨ z·v‰ ¨ § © ¦ ‰z¨ ‡©æ :Ìz„ÒÈ ¨ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ © d‡ÏÓe ¨Ÿ §
:ÌÈiˆÏ ¦ ¦ § ÌrÏ © § IÎ‡Ó ¨ £ © epzz ¤ § ¦ ,Ô˙ÈÂÏ ¨ ¨ § ¦ ÈL‡¯ ¥ ¨ zˆv¯ ¨ § © ¦ ‰z¨ ‡ç© :Ìz¯ˆÈ ¨ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ ©
¨ § © ‰z¨ ‡è© :Ô˙ȇ
z¯¯BÙ ¨ ¥ ˙B¯‰ £ © zL·B‰
¨ § © ‰z‡ ¨ © ,ÏÁÂ © ¨ ¨ ÔÈrÓ¨ § © zr˜· ¨ § © ¨ ‰z‡ ¨ ©
êÊÚ·
:„ ˜ Ì˘ (‰ : ‰ˆ Ì˘ („ :Ë ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚Î ÂÒ ‰ÈÚ˘È (· :‚ ‰Ò ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
Á ‰ Ì˘ (Î :Ë Âˆ Ì˘ (È :Ë Ì˘ (Ë :‰ ˈ Ì˘ (Á :Ê ·Ï˜ Ì˘ (Ê :·-‡ „Ϙ Ì˘ (Â
:‰ Á˜ Ì˘ (Ú :È ÂÙ Ì˘ (Ò :Ê Ì˘ ( :Ë ËÙ Ì˘ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ÁϘ Ì˘ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
:Â Ì˘ (˙ :Ê È ‰ÈÓ¯È (˘ :„Î ‚ Ìȯ·„ (¯ :‚ ‰ˆ Ì˘ (˜ :„ ˆ Ì˘ (ˆ :‚ ‰Ó˜ Ì˘ (Ù
:‡È ËÎ ‡-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ (‰ :· ˜ Ì˘ („ :„ ‰ˆ Ì˘ (‚ :ÊË „Ú Ì˘ (· :„È ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (‡
:‚È Ì˘ (Ë :ÂË-„È Ì˘ (Á :ÊÈ „Ú Ì˘ (Ê :·È ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (Â
È˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 24
,Ìi‰
¨ © ˙e‡‚a ¥ § ÏLBÓ ¥ ‰z¨ ‡à© :ÌÈn‰-Ïr
¦ ¨ © © ÌÈÈp˙ ¦ ¦ © ÈL‡¯
¥ ¨ z¯aL ¨ § © ¦ ,ÌȨ Efr· §¨ §
¥ Ÿ ¡ ¯Èra
eȉχ ¦ § ,„‡Ó Ÿ § ÏJ‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„bá̈ :ÌÁaL˙ ¥ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ © ÂÈl‚ ¨ © ‡BNa§
¦ Ÿ ¡ ¨ ‡e‰-‰z‡
Ìȉχ‰ ¨ © ÌÈ·¯k‰ ¦ ª § © ·LÈ ¥ Ÿ χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ È⧠:BL„˜-¯‰ §¨ ©
e„BÈä§ :ÂÈ·È·Ò-Ïk-Ïr
¨ ¦ § ¨ © ‡¯B ¨ § ,‰a¯ ¦Ÿ §
¨ © ÌÈL„˜-„BÒa § ı¯r ¨ £ © χ㥠:Ec·Ï ¤©§
¨Ÿ © ‰p¯
,‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨ § © § eÎϧ å :ÌÈL„˜ ¦ Ÿ § ω˜a © § ¦ E˙eÓ‡-Û‡§ ¨ ¡ © ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § E‡Ït £ § ¦ ÌÈÓL ¦© ¨
˜„¤ ˆ¤æ :BÏ rȯ © ¦ ¨ ˙B¯ÓÊa ¦ § ¦ ,‰„B˙a ¨ § ÂÈÙ ¨ ¨ ‰Óc˜ ¨ § © § :erLÈ ¥ § ¦ ¯eˆÏ§ ‰rȯ ¨ ¦¨
˜ÈzÓ¦ § © ÂcÁÈ ¨ § © ¯L ¤ ‡£ç :EÈÙ ¤ ¨ eÓc˜È § © § ˙Ӈ ¤ ¡ ¤ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ,E‡Òk ¤ § ¦ ÔBÎÓ§ ËtLÓe ¨ § ¦
˙LaÈÂ
¤ ¤ © § ,e‰Nr ¨ ¨ ‡e‰Â§ Ìi‰ ¨ © BÏ-¯L ¤ ‡£è :L‚¯a ¤ ¨ § Cl‰¥ © § Ìȉχ ¦ Ÿ ¡ ˙È·a ¥ § ,„BÒ
CϨ ‰ÓLp‰ ¨ ¨ § © :Lȇ-¯Na-Ïk ¦ © § ¨ Áe¯Â © § ,ÈÁ-Ïk ¨ ¨ LÙ ¤ ¤ B„Èa ¨ § ¯L ¤ ‡£é :e¯ˆÈ ¨ ¨ ÂȄȨ¨
‰Nr¥ £ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èë§ ,ClL ¨ ¤ Ûeb‰Â © § CI¨ ‰ÓLp‰ ¨ ¨ § © :CÏÓr ¨ ¨ £ Ïr© ‰ÒeÁ ¨ ,CÏrt
¨ ¢ ¨ Ûeb‰Â ©§
„B·k§ ¯e·ra £ © :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èë§ EÓL § ¦ Ïr© e‡˙‡ ¨ ¨ :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ ©©§
¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒÂ
Èk¦ eÂrÏ ¨ § © ¨ § ,‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § EÓL-Ôr§ ¦ © ÓÏ î© § :EÓL ¤ § ÌeÁ¯Â © § ÔepÁ-χ© ¥ Èk ì ¦ ,EÓL § ¦
:‡e‰-·¯©
.eÈ‚L
¦ ¨ ezÏe‡ Ÿ § Èk¦ ,eÈ·‡
¥ § © ¦ ·¯a ¦ ¨ eÏ-ÁÏÒ
¨ © §
¥Ÿ £ ea¯© Èk¦ ,ekÏÓ
:eÈÂr ¥ § © eI-ÏÁÓ
¨ © §
ÌÈrL¦ ¨ § ¦ e‡¨ EÈ˙B˜„ˆ-ÏrÂ
¤ § ¦ © § .ÌÈÁeË· ¦ § e‡¨ ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr¤ £ © © iMð¦
CÏÓ
¤ ¤ ‡e‰ ‰z‡ ¨ © :ÌÈtˆÓ¦ © § e‡¨ E˙reLÈÏÂ
§ ¨ ¦ § ÌÈe˜Ó
¦ © § e‡¨ EÈ˙BÁÈÏÒϤ ¦ §¦§
˙¯Bk ¥ .Âȇ¯È ¨ ¥ § ˙‡hÁ Ÿ © ¯ÈÒÓe ¦ ¥ ,Bnr© ˙BÂr Ÿ £ ¯È·rÓ ¦ £ © .Ì„wÓ ¤ ¤ ¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ·‰B ¥ ‡ñ
Ôra
© £ © z„¯iL¨ § © ¨ ¤ ‡e‰ ‰z¨ ‡ò© :ÌÈB¯Á‡Ï ¦ £ © ¨ ‰re·L ¨ § Ìi˜Óe ¥ © § ,ÌÈBL‡¯I¦ ¦ ¨ ˙ȯa ¦§
-˙BÁ¯‡Â § ¨ § .Ec·r ¤ § © ‰LÓϤ Ÿ § E·eË § Èί„
¥ § © ˙ȇ¯‰Â
¨ ¥ § ¤ § ÈÈÒ © ¦ ¯‰-Ïr © © E„B·k ¤ §
ÌÈt‡¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χô¥ ‰z‡ ¨ © Èk¦ Bzr„B‰Â § © § .BÏ ˙Èlb ¨ ¦ ¦ EÈ„ÒÁ ¤¨ £
ÔÎÂ¥ § :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ ˙cÓa © ¦ § Blkª ÌÏBÚ‰ ¨ ¨ ‚ȉÓe ¦ § © .·ÈˉI ¦ ¥ § ‰a¯Óe ¤ § © „ÒÁ-·¯Â ¤ ¤ ©§
‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ÌL· ¥ § È˙‡¯˜Â¦ ¨ ¨ § EÈt-Ïr
¤ ¨ © È·eË-Ïk¦ ¨ ¯È·r‡ ¦ £ © È‡ ¦ £ ¯Ó‡i ¤ Ÿ Âö© ,·e˙k¨
:ÌÁ¯‡¥ © £ ¯L‡-˙‡
¤ £ ¤ ÈzÓÁ¯Â ¦ § © ¦ § ÔÁ‡Ÿ ¨ ¯L‡-˙‡ ¤ £ ¤ È˙pÁ ¦ Ÿ © § ,EÈÙI
¤¨§
C¯„ ¤ ¤ § ,˙‡¯˜¨ ¥ § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ Ïr© ·e ©÷ ‰z‡ ¨ © ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯¤ ‡¤ô l`¥
Ÿ § ¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁÂ
ÌBi‰© ¯kÊz ¤ ¨ £ © EÈÓÁ¯
¤ £ © ˙l„b
© ª § :˙ȯB‰
¨ ¥ ‰·eLz ¨ §
‰z‡
¨ © Èk¦ ,ÌÈÓÁ¯a¦ £ © § eÈI‡
¥ ¥ ÔÙz
¤ ¥ :EÈ„È„È
¤ ¦ § Ú¯ÊÏ
© ¤ § ÌBÈ-Iηe
¨ §
,Ìc˜
¥ © § EÈt ¤ ¨ ‰JÙ˙·e
¨ ¦ § ¦ ÔeÁ˙a
£ © § :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰
¦ £ © ¨ Ïra © © ‡e‰
˙ڄ‰Î
Ì˘ (‰ :Á ËÙ ÌÈω˙ („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ËÈ ·-ÌÈÎÏÓ (‚ :· ÁÓ Ì˘ (· :È ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
‰ÈÓ¯È (Î :È ·È ·Âȇ (È :‰ ‰ˆ Ì˘ (Ë :ÂË ‰ Ì˘ (Á :ÂË ËÙ Ì˘ (Ê :·-‡ ‰ˆ Ì˘ ( :Â
Ù"Ú (Ò :ÁÈ Ë Ï‡È„ Ù"Ú ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡È ‰Î ÌÈω˙ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡Ï Ë ‰ÈÓÁ (Ï :Ê „È
:ÂË ,Ê ‰·¯ ˙ω˜ (˜ :ËÈ ‚Ï Ì˘ (ˆ :Â Ì˘ (Ù :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ ‰‡¯ (Ú :Ê ‡È ÌÈω˙
‚È È˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 25
E˙¯B˙a
§ ¨ § BÓk§ ,·eL Et‡ § © ÔB¯Á£ Ó¥à :Ì„wÓ¤ ¤ ¦ ÂrÏ
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © §
¨Ÿ § „¯i
‰Â‰È ¤ ¥Ââ© ÌBÈk§ ,ÔBI˙Â
¨ § ¦ § ‰ÒÁ ¤ ¡ ¤ EÈÙk
¤ ¨ § Iˆ¥ ·e ᧠:·e˙k¨
Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙i ¥ © § ¦ Ââ© ÌBÈk§ ,ÌL‡
¨ ¨ ‰ÁÓ˙¤ § ¦ § ÚLt-Ir
© ¤ © ¯·r Ÿ £ zã© :Ôra
¨¨ ¤
‡¯˜i¨ § ¦ Ââ© ÌBÈk§ ,¯Ó‡Ó ¨ £ © epÓ¤ ·ÈL˜˙ ¦ § © § e˙rÂL
¥ ¨ § © ÔÈʇz ¦ £ © :ÌL ¨
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § ,‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ÌL¥ ·1§
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰

‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Âä©
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âå§
¨ © kæ¦ :erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨ © § ·BË È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
˜„ˆa
¤ ¤ § EÓL· § ¦ § ‡¯B˜-ÔÈ¥ ‡è¥ :Ôȇ ¦ ¨ Ì„‡a ¨ ¨ ¨ ¯LȨ ¨ § ı¯‡‰-ÔÓ
¤ ¨ ¨ ¦ „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ ca© `ç̈
eqÙ-Èk
© ¦ „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ ¯Ó‚-Èk
© ¨ ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰rÈLB ¨ ¦ ‰é :Ca¨ ˜ÈÊÁ‰I ¦ £ © § ¯¯BÚ˙Ó¥ § ¦
¦ kì¦ :¯B‡-‰‡¯
-Ìr-È ¤ § ¦ E¯B‡a
§ § ÌÈiÁ ¦ © ¯B˜Ó§ Enr-È § ¦ kë¦ :Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ÈaÓ
¥ § ¦ ÌÈeÓ‡
¦ ¡
¨ Ÿ Ÿ £ ÏkÓ
:ÂÈ˙Âr Ÿ ¦ χ¯NÈ-˙‡
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¤ ‰cÙÈ ¤ § ¦ ‡e‰Â§ :˙e„Ù§ Bnr¦ ‰a¯‰Â ¥ § © § ,„ÒÁ‰ ¨Ÿ §
¤ ¤ © ‰Â‰È
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ Ï©ð :eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr ¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mî§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èñ§ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί·¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr § © ©
¨Ÿ Èô§ :Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡ ¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ òȧ :‰IÒ ¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰
¨ ¦

‰˙‡N
¨ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡ÎÂ
¤ £ © § .EcÒÁ ¤Ÿ § ‰f‰
¤ § © Ï„‚k ¤ © Ìr‰ Ÿ £ © ‡-ÁÏ
¨ ¨ ÔÂrÏ ¨ © Òö§
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § :‰p‰-„rÂ
¨ ¥ © § ÌȯˆnÓ
¦ © § ¦ ¦ ‰f‰
¤ © ÌrÏ̈¨
¯Ó‡ÈÂ
:ÁÈ Ê ‰ÎÈÓ Ù"Ú („ :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‚ :Á ÂÏ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·È ·Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:(ÈÂÈ˘·)  „Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ë :· Ì˘ ‰ÎÈÓ (Á :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (Ê :Ë Ì˘ ( :Ê-Â Ì˘ ˙ÂÓ˘ (‰
:Á ÂÓ Ì˘ (Ò :Ë ‚ Ì˘ ( :‚È ‚˜ Ì˘ (Ó :Á-Ê Ï˜ Ì˘ (Ï :È ÂÏ Ì˘ (Î :· ·È ÌÈω˙ (È
:ËÈ „È ¯·„Ó· (ˆ :È Î Ì˘ (Ù :‚È „Ù Ì˘ (Ú
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
È˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 26

:LxacM
¤ ¨ § ¦ iYglq
¦ § © ¨ dedi
¨Ÿ § xn`I
¤ Ÿ eà©
¯Èr‰Â ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ‰‡¯e
¦ ¨ § ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ¥ § EÈÈr¤ ¥ Á˜t© § ,ÚÓLe
¨ § Eʇ § § ¨ | ȉχ© Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰á©
ÌÈIÈtÓ
¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ir
¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ | Èk¦ ,‰ÈÏr¨ ¤ ¨ EÓL § ¦ ‡¯˜-¯L‡
¨§¦ ¤ £
,‰ÁÏÒ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr
¤ £ © © Èk¦ ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § eÈeÁz
¥ £ ©
‡¯˜
¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk
§ ¦ ¦ ,ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ErÓÏ
§ © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ
© © § © ,‰Nr ¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰
¨ ¦ § © È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © © § E¯Èr-Ïr
§ ¦ ©
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
ÌÈza
¦ © § ¥ eϨ eÓ¯b § ¨ .ÏÈ„‚k ¦ ¨ § ˙B·r¨ er¨ ea¨ .ÏÈc‚‰Ï ¦ § © § e·¯ « ¨ eÈÂr ¥Ÿ £ m`¦
„ÒÁ¤ ¤ ˙cÓa © ¦ § ‚‰˙‰ ¥ © § ¦ :IÈ„Á˙ ¦ £ © ‡Ï Ÿ EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © Èίc ¥ § © .ÏÈc·‰I ¦§ ©§
.˙È˜
¨ ¦ ¨ ¯L‡ ¤ £ E˙„r § ¨ £ ¯BÎÊ⧠.˙Èȉ ¨ ¦ ¨ Ì„wnL ¤ ¤ ¦ ¤ ‡e‰ ‰z‡Â ¨ © § .˙È˙‰¨ ¥§ ¦
ez·MÈ
¨ § © ¦ .ÌÈe˙ ¦ § ˙¯˜ ¤ ¤ Èt¥ ‚ã© ezrË ¨ § © ¦ :˙Èpk ¨ ¦ ¦ ¯BÎa§ ȯÈL ¥ ¦ ÔBÁ
˙‡ˆ¥ ‰ÈÂ¯Ï ¨ ¨ § ¨ .ÌÈpz ¦ © ÌB˜Óa § ¦ e˙Èk ¨ ¦ cå¦ „Á‡k ¨ ¤ § .ÌÈ˙ȇ ¦ ¨ ¥ ÚÏÒ-Ô ©¤ L ¥ä
ÈLÙ
¦ § © ‰Ë˜ ¨ § æ̈ .˙ÏÁÏÁÓ ¤ ¤ § © § ‰Ï‰·e ¨ ¨ ¤ ˙B„e˜t§ ·B¯Ó¥ :ÌÈe˙Ó ¦ § ‰nk ¨©
ÔLÈ˙
¨ ¦ ‰nI ¨ ¨ | ‰¯e¨ Úç .˙ÏÁL ¤ ¤ § ¦ ı¯‡Ï ¤ ¨ ¨ ÔËa ¤ ¤ ‰ÎÓÒ ¨ § ¨ .˙ÏÁBa ¤ ¤ ¯ÙrÏ ¨ ¨¤
ÌBaLÁ
¨ § ¤ ÌÈzr‰ ¦ ¦ ¨ ˜Bˆé .ıBÙÁ£ EȯÈÒ‡ ¤ ¦ £ ‡B¯˜§ ÁB˜-Á˜ © © tè§ :˙ÏÁBz¤¤
:ıBt˜z § ¦ ‰Èt¨ ¦ ‰˙IÂr ¨ ¨ § © ˙B‡¯§ .ıBÙp‰ ¨ © ¯„r ¤ ¥ EȯeÊt ¤ § ıa˜ ¥ © .ıBÙ˜§
BÓBÏL§ .È˙ȇ © ¨ ¥ ȇpa © © ¯e·ˆÂ ¨ § Ìz¨ .ȇ˙e © § „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ˙re·L © § ¯BÓL §
Ÿ £ © Èk¦ ÔË
·˜rÈ Ÿ ˜ë̈ :ȇt‰ © § © ‰·BËÏ ¨ § ˙BpL © § CBÙ‰£ .ȇ‚ © § ÈÏ·Ï ¦ § ¦ ‰eˆÈ¤© §
¯L‡k¤ £ © .Ïc‚Óe © § ¦ ÊBÚÓ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¨ ÌÈi¦ Áî© .Ï„Á © ¨ § ‰Ê· ¤ § ì¦ ÈÏBÁ
¦ © Èì̈ .Ï„Â
re„ ©¨
:Ic‚Ȩ § ¦ EÁk£ Ÿ ‰zr ¨©

ÏÁBÓ
¥ ,˙e„ÈÒÁa ¦ £ © ‚‰˙Óe
¥ © § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯¦ £ © ‡qk ¥ ¦ Ïr© ·LB ¤ ¤ l`¥
¥ Èð CÏÓ
‰IÈÁÓ
¨ ¦ § ‰a¯Ó
¤ § © ,ÔBL‡¯¦ ÔBL‡¯¦ ¯È·r ¦ £ Ó©ñ ,Bnr© ˙BÂrŸ£
¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ Ìr¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ‰N¤ ŸÚò ,ÌÈrLBtI
¦ § © ‰ÁÈÏÒe ¨ ¦ § ÌȇËÁÏ
¦ ¨£©
LGL§ ¯ÓBÏ © ¨ ¥ ‰ô I‡¥ .ÏBÓ‚z
el¨ ˙ȯB § ¦ Ì˙r¯Î ¨ ¨ ¨ § ‡ÏŸ ,Áe¯Â
© §
ÂrI
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © § ,‰¯Nr ¥ § ¤ LŸÏL§ ˙ȯa ¦ § ÌBi‰© eI-¯ÎÊ
¨ ¨ § ,‰¯Nr¥§ ¤
Ì„˜Ó
‡-χÂÓ˘ (‰ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚ Ë ÈÏ˘Ó („ :· „Ú ÌÈω˙ (‚ :ËÈ-ÁÈ Ë Ï‡È„ (· :Î „È ¯·„Ó· (‡ ‡"Â˙
χÈ„ Ù"Ú (È :‡ ‡Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ë :„Î Ì˘ ÌÈω˙ (Á :‡ È ·Âȇ (Ê :Î „Ó ÌÈω˙ ( :„ „È
: ,ËÎ ‰·¯ ‡¯˜È ( :·È È ·Âȇ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚ ‚ ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ï :· Ê ÒÂÓÚ Ù"Ú (Î :‰Î Ë
:· ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ‰‡¯ (Ù :(ÈÂÈ˘·)  ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (Ú :‡ ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ (Ò
„È È˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 27
ÌL¨ Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙iÂ
¥ © § ¦ © Ôra ¨Ÿ § „¯i
¨ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¤ ¥Âà© ·e˙kL¨ ¤ BÓk§ ,Ì„wÓ
¤¤ ¦
¨Ÿ § ÌL
:‰Â‰È ¥ ·1§ ‡¯˜i¨ § ¦©
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰
‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Âá©
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Ââ§
¨ © k㦠:erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨Ÿ £
¨ © § ·BË È„‡
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ Ï©å :eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mä§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èæ§ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί·
¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr§ © ©
¨Ÿ èȧ :Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡
¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨Ÿ Èç§ :‰IÒ
¨ § ‰Â‰ Ÿ £ © ȉχ
¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ ¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰
¨ ¦
‰˙‡N
¨ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡ÎÂ
¤ £ © § .EcÒÁ ¤Ÿ § ‰f‰
¤ § © Ï„‚k ¤ © Ìr‰ Ÿ £ © ‡-ÁÏ
¨ ¨ ÔÂrÏ ¨ © Òé§
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § :‰p‰-„rÂ
¨ ¥ © § ÌȯˆnÓ
¦ © § ¦ ¦ ‰f‰
¤ © ÌrÏ̈¨
:LxacM
¤ ¨ § ¦ iYglq
¦ § © ¨ dedi
¨Ÿ § xn`I
¤ Ÿ eë©
¯Èr‰Â ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ‰‡¯e
¦ ¨ § ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ¥ § EÈÈr¤ ¥ Á˜t© § ,ÚÓLe
¨ § Eʇ § § ¨ | ȉχ© Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰ì©
ÌÈIÈtÓ
¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ir
¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ | Èk¦ ,‰ÈÏr¨ ¤ ¨ EÓL § ¦ ‡¯˜-¯L‡
¨§¦ ¤ £
,‰ÁÏÒ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr
¤ £ © © Èk¦ ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § eÈeÁz
¥ £ ©
‡¯˜
¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk
§ ¦ ¦ ,ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ErÓÏ
§ © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ
© © § © ,‰Nr ¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰
¨ ¦ § © È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © © § E¯Èr-Ïr
§ ¦ ©
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
¦ ¨ ˜ð§ EÈz¯ÁL
EÈ˙‡¯ ¦ § © § Èa¯˜a
¦ § ¦ § .ÌÈwÁ¯Ó
¦ © § ¤ ı¯‡ ¦ ¦ ¦ LiziE`
¤ ¤ Óî¥ EÈ˙Èe˜ ¦ ¦¦
.ÌȘÈÙ‡-Ïr
¦ ¦ £ © Ii‡ ¨ © kñ§ E˙‡˙Ï
§ ¨ £ © § ÈzÒ¯Bb
¦ § © .ÌÈwÓrnÓ
¦ ©£© ¦
êÈ˙˘¯„
:Ë ‚ Ì˘ ( :‚È ‚˜ Ì˘ (‰ :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ („ :Ë Ì˘ (‚ :Ê-Â Ì˘ (· :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‡ ‡"Â˙
Ë Ï‡È„ (Ï :Î Ì˘ (Î :ËÈ „È ¯·„Ó· (È :È Î Ì˘ (Ë :‚È „Ù Ì˘ (Á :Á ÂÓ Ì˘ (Ê
:· ·Ó Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Ò :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡ Ϙ ÌÈω˙ ( :ËÈ Á ‰ÈÓ¯È Ù"Ú (Ó :ËÈ-ÁÈ
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
È˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 28
Áȯz
© ¦ § © ˙r‰ ¥ ¨ ‰p‰ ¥ ¦ :ÌȘÂM·e ¦ ¨ § © ˙B·BÁ¯§ aà̈ EÈzLw·e ¦ § © ¦ EÈzL¯c ¦ § © §
e˙ÁL £ ¦ ̉ȯBÓ ¤ ¥ Ê᧠.ÌȘeLrÏ ¦ £ © ËtLÓe ¨ § ¦ ÔÈc¦ ‰Nr˙ ¤ £ © § .ÌȘeÁ„Ï ¦ §¦
EÈÏeÙË
¤ § :ÌȘÈcÓ ¦ ¦ © „Èa © § ÌÈNe‚ ¦ § ÌÈÒeÓÁ ¦ £ .ÌȘ˜Ba ¦ § Ìe˜˜·e¨§
e¯ÒÁ § ¨ IŸk .ÌȘeÙ„e ¦ § ÌȈeÁÏ ¦ § ÌÈa¯ ¦ © ÌÈÓÈ ¦ ¨ .ÌÈk¯ ¦ © ÌÈ„IÈ ¦ ¨ k⦠zrLrL
¨ § © £¦
zÁÊÂ
¨ § © ¨ § zÒ‡Ó¨ § © ¨ :ÌȘ¯BÁ ¦ § BÓÈÏr ¥ ¨ ̉ÈpL ¤ ¥ ¦ Ìȇ·Ï ¦ ¨ § .ÌȘȯ ¦ ¥ ·ehÓ¦
ezÓN
¨ § © ÈÁÒ ¦ § .ÌȘBLÁ‰
¦ £ © ˙LÏL ¤ Ÿ § ˙ȯa ¦ § z¯‡ ¨ § © 㥠.ÌȘ·„ ¦ ¥ § zLË¨ § © ¨§
Ìȯ·‡Â ¦ ¨ ¥ § ˙B¯eaÁ© Èrˆt ¥ ª § :ÌȘÏÈ ¦ ¨ § ÈÏe·Â
¥ £ © ÌÊ‚ ¨ ¨ ÈÓeˆr
¥ £ .ÌÈwIÂ ¦ ª § ÌÈkÓ¦ ª
‰˙¯Êr
¨ ¨ § ¤ ‰Óe ¨ ˜ä .ÌȘe¯ÓzÓ
¦ § © ¦ eÏ„Â § © § eÏ„Á § © ¨ ȯˆ ¦ ¢ .ÌȘ¯t˙Ó ¦ §¨ § ¦
E„Èa§ ¨ § ÔBËÏL § ¦ :ÌȘz ¦ ¨ ¯ÙrÓe ¨ ¨ ¥ ˙BtL‡Ó § © ¥ ÌÓB¯ ¥ .ÌȘ‡ ¦ ¨ ¡ ¤ § ÌÈÁ‡Ϧ ¨¡¤§
§ ¦ § C‡©å .ÌȘ¯‡a
EÓLÏ ¦ ¨ £ ¨ EzÏLÓÓe§ § © § ¤ ˜ÁMa © © © Et˜z § § ¨ .ÌȘ‰Ï ¦ ¨ § EÈ„e¯È ¤ §
e¯Ó‡È § Ÿ ‰zr ¨ © :ÌȘwÊÓ ¦ ¨ ª § ÌÈ˙r· ¦ © ¨ §L ¦æ L‡¯ Ÿ E‡Na £ § ¨ § .ÌȘÈcv‰ ¦ ¦ © © e„BÈ
B¯Ó‡Ó¨ £ © Ìi˜ © ¦ .ÌȘ‰ ¦ ¥ B¯·c ¨ § ıÈn‡Â ¦ © § ˜Ê¨Áè̈ .ÌȘBÁ¯‰Â ¦ § ¨ § ÌÈ·B¯w ¦ § ‰ç©
:ÌȘÓr‰¦ ¨ £ ¨ ˙pLBL©© ÔB¯M‰ ¨ © ˙Ïv·Á ¤ ¤ © £ Ï©ë .ÌȘÁL ¦ ¨ § ÔÎB ¥ Lé
eÚLeÈ § ¨ ¦ ÌBi‰© Ìb© .ÌÈÓÏBÚ ¦ ¨ ˙reLz © ¨Ÿ © ÚLB
§ ‰Â‰Èa © l`xU ¥ ¨ § iì¦
˙BÁÈÏÒ
¦ § ·¯© ‰z‡ ¨ © Èk¦ .ÌÈÓB¯Ó ¦ § ÔÎBL ¥ EÈtÓ
¦ ¦
:ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ î©
¦ £ © ¨ Ir© ·e
¨ £ © Ôe˜ˆð̈ .ÌÈl„Â
·BL˜§ ÌLÁÏ ¦ © § ÌÈirk
¦ ¦ £ © ÌȘÙBc¦ § ̉¥ EȯrL
¤¨ §
.ÌÈlrÓ
¦ ª § ÔÎBL
¥ dÈ̈
:ÌÈÓÁ¯‰
¦ £ © ¨ Ïr·e
© © ˙BÁÈÏÒ
¦ § ·¯© ‰z‡
¨ © Èk¦
‡¨ .̉ÈÙc‚nÓe
¤ ¥ § © § ¦ ̉ÈÙ¯ÁnÓ
¤ ¥ § ¨ § ¦ ,̉ȯˆ-ÏkÓ
¤ ¥ ¨ ¨ ¦ ̉¥ ÌÈ„eÁt
¦ §
.̉È˙B·‡
¤ ¥ £ ȉG‡
¥ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Ì·Êrz
¥ § © © χ©
:ÌÈÓÁ¯‰
¦ £ © ¨ Ïr·e
© © ˙BÁÈÏÒ
¦ § ·¯© ‰z‡
¨ © Èk¦
‰¯ˆ
¨ ¨ CBzÓe
¦ .‰ÁÎBz
¨¥ ÌBÈa§ ̉Ï
¤ ¨ eÓc˜È
§ © § EÈ˙B·BË
¤
.‰Á¯e
¨ ¨ § ˙e„t§ ̇ȈӉ
¥ ¦ § ©
ÂÚ˘ÂÈ
:ÌÈÓÁ¯‰
¦ £ © ¨ Ïr·e
© © ˙BÁÈÏÒ
¦ § ·¯© ‰z‡
¨ © Èk¦

:Ó ËÙ ÌÈω˙ („ :‚È ‚Ï ˙È˘‡¯· Ù"Ú (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚ · ÌÂÁ (· :· ‚ ÌÈ¯È˘‰ ¯È˘ (‡ ‡"Â˙


:· ÁÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ë :Î Ë ¯˙Ò‡ (Á :Ê ·È Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) „È Ó˜ Ì˘ ( :ÊÎ „Ó Ì˘ (‰
Ù"Ú ( :ÂË ,Ê ‰·¯ ˙ω˜ (Ó :ÊÈ ‰Ó ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ï :‡ · ÌÈ¯È˘‰ ¯È˘ (Î :Î È˙·¯ ‡˙˜ÈÒÙ (È
:ÊË ÂÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È
ÂË È˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 29
¯ÈrN
¦ ¥ ‰lk
¥ © .ÌÈrL¯
¦ ¨ § Ì·¨ eÏLÓÈ
§ § ¦ χ Ÿ ÔÈrÏ
© § Ïk ¥ § eÚLeÈ
§ ¨¦
.ÌÈrÈLBÓ
¦ ¦ ÔBiˆÏ £ ©ÂৠB˙BÁÂ
¦ § eÏrÈ § §
:ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ á© ˙BÁÈÏÒ
¦ £ © ¨ Ïr© ·e ¦ § ·¯© ‰z‡
¨ © Èk¦
ÌÈÓM‰
¦ © ¨ © Ez·L
§ § ¦ ÔBÎÓÏÂ
§ ¦ § .Ì˙rÂL
¨ ¨ § © ÏB˜Ï§ ÔB„‡¨ ‰·ÈL˜‰
¨ ¦ § ©
.Ì˙lÙ˙
¨ ¨ ¦ § ‰Ïrz ¤£©
:ÌÈÓÁ¯‰
¦ £ © ¨ Ïr·e
© © ˙BÁÈÏÒ
¦ § ·¯© ‰z‡
¨ © Èk¦
eÚLeÈ
§ ¨ ¦ ÌBi‰© Ìb© .ÌÈÓÏBÚ ¦¨ ˙reLz
© § ‰Â‰Èa ¨Ÿ © ÚLB © χ¯N ¥ ¨ § Èâ¦
:ÌÈÓÁ¯‰
¦ £ © ¨ Ïr·e
© © ˙BÁÈÏÒ ¦ § ·¯© ‰z‡ ¨ © Èk¦ .ÌÈÓB¯Ó ¦ § ÔÎBL ¥ EÈtÓ ¦ ¦
ÏÁBÓ
¥ ,˙e„ÈÒÁa ¦ £ © ‚‰˙Óe¥ © § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © ‡qk ¥ ¦ Ïr© ·LB ¤ ¤ l`¥
¥ Èã CÏÓ
‰IÈÁÓ
¨ ¦ § ‰a¯Ó ¤ § © ,ÔBL‡¯¦ ÔBL‡¯¦ ¯È·r ¦ £ Óä© ,Bnr© ˙BÂrŸ£
¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ Ìr¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ‰N ¤ ŸÚå ,ÌÈrLBtI
¦ § © ‰ÁÈÏÒe ¨ ¦ § ÌȇËÁÏ
¦ ¨£©
LGL§ ¯ÓBÏ © el¨ ˙ȯB¨ ¥ ‰æ I‡¥ .ÏBÓ‚z § ¦ Ì˙r¯Î ¨ ¨ ¨ § ‡ÏŸ ,Áe¯Â
© §
ÂrI
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © § ,‰¯Nr ¥ § ¤ LŸÏL§ ˙ȯa ¦ § ÌBi‰© eI-¯ÎÊ ¨ ¨ § ,‰¯Nr¥§ ¤
ÌL¨ Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙i ¥ © § ¦ © Ôra¨ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § „¯i ¤ ¥Âç© ·e˙kL ¨ ¤ BÓk§ ,Ì„wÓ ¤¤ ¦
:‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ÌL ¥ ·1§ ‡¯˜i ¨ § ¦©
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰
‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Âè©
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âé§
¨ © kë¦ :erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ
¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨Ÿ £
¨ © § ·BË È„‡
ÌÁ¯Î
: ,ËÎ ‰·¯ ‡¯˜È („ :ÊÈ ‰Ó ‰ÈÚ˘È (‚ :ÂË ,Ê ‰·¯ ˙ω˜ (· :‡Î ˜ÂÒÙ ‰È„·ÂÚ Ù"Ú (‡ ‡"Â˙
„Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Á :· ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ‰‡¯ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·)  ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ ( :‡ ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ (‰
:‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (Î :Ë Ì˘ (È :Ê-Â Ì˘ (Ë :‰
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
È˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 30
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ Ï©á :eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr ¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mà§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ È⧠:‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί· ¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr § © ©
‰Â‰¨Ÿ äȧ :Ca¨ ÁËa © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡ ¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ È㧠:‰IÒ ¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ȉχ ¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰ ¨ ¦
eBl„© Èk¦ ,EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © eeÓc˜È § © § ¯‰Ó ¥ © ,ÌÈBL‡¯ ¦ ¦ ˙BÂr Ÿ £ eÏ-¯kÊz ¨ ¨ § ¦ -l`©å
-eÏ-¯ÎÊ
¨ ¨ § EcÒÁk § § © § ¯kÊz-I‡ Ÿ § ¦ © eÈrLÙe ¥ ¨ § | eȯeÚ ¥ § ˙‡h Ÿ Á©æ :„‡Ó Ÿ §
:‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § E·eË § ÔrÓÏ© © § ,‰z‡ ¨ ©
,Enr ¤ © ÔBˆ¯a § ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § e¯Î ¥ § è̈Ê :‰n‰ ¨ ¥ ÌÏBÚÓ ¨ ¥ Èk¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁ ¤ ¨ £ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © xk Ÿ fç§
Ë·L ¤ ¥ zχb ¨ § © ¨ Ì„w ¤ ¤ ,˙È˜ ¨ ¦ ¨ | E˙„r § ¨ £ ¯Î Ÿ Êé§ :E˙reLÈa ¤¨ ¦ e„˜t ¥§¨
˙·‰‡ © £ © ,ÌÏLe¯È¦¨ ¨ § ˙aÁ © ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯BÎʧ :Ba zÎL ¨ § © ¨ | ‰Ê¤ ÔBiˆ-¯‰ ¦ © ,E˙ÏÁ ¤¨ £©
‡·-Èk
¨ ¦ dÁI ¨ § ¤ § ˙r-Èk ¥ ¦ ,ÔBiˆ¦ ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ìe˜˙¨ ‰z¨ ‡ì© :ÁˆÏ © ¤ ¨ ÁkLz-Ï © § ¦ ‡ë© ÔBiˆ¦
e¯r¨ | e¯r¨ ÌȯӇ‰ ¦ § Ÿ ¨ ,ÌILe¯È ¦¨ ¨ § ÌBÈ ˙‡¥ ,ÌB„‡¡ È·Ï ¥ § ¦ | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯Î Ÿ îʧ :„rBÓ ¥
zraL
¨ § © § ¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ EÈ„·r ¤ ¨ £ χ¯NÈÏe ¥ ¨ § ¦ § ˜ÁˆÈÏ ¨ § ¦ § ̉¯·‡I ¨ ¨ § © § ¯Î Ÿ Êð§ :da¨ „BÒȉ § © „r©
,ÌÈÓM‰
¦ ¨ ¨ © È·ÎBÎk ¥ § § ÌÎr¯Ê-˙‡ ¤ £ § © ¤ ‰a¯‡ ¤ § © ̉I‡ ¤ ¥ £ ¯a„z ¥ © § © Ca¨ ̉Ï̈ ¤
¯ÎŸ Êñ§ :ÌÏÚϨ Ÿ § eÏÁ £ ¨ § ÌÎr¯ÊÏ ¤ £ § © § Ôz‡ ¥ ¤ Èz¯Ó‡ ¦ § © ¨ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ˙‡f‰ Ÿ © ı¯‡‰-ÏΠ¤¨ ¨ ¨§
‰f‰¤ © Ìr‰ ¨ ¨ ÈL˜-I‡ ¦ § ¤ ÔÙz-I‡ ¤ ¥ © ,·˜rÈÏe Ÿ £ © § ˜ÁˆÈÏ ¨ § ¦ § ̉¯·‡I ¨ ¨ § © § EÈ„·rI ¤ ¨ £©
eχB
§ © ¯L‡ ¤ £ ,˙‡hÁ ¨ © eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ˙L˙ ¥ ¨ ‡-Ï ¨ ‡ò© :B˙‡hÁ-χ ¨ © ¤ § BÚL¯-I‡Â § ¦ ¤§
:e¯ˆBÈ ¥ § eÏ-ÁÏÒ ¨ © § e¯eˆ ¥ e‡ËÁ ¨ ¨ :e‡ËÁ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡Â ¤ £©
ۇ© § ·B˜rÈ £ © È˙ȯa-˙‡
¦ ¦ § ¤ Èz¯ÎÊ ¦ § © ¨Âô§ ,z¯Ó‡¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ˙B·‡¨ ˙ȯa ¦ § eϨ xFkf§
Ÿ § ¤ ı¯‡‰Â
:¯kʇ ¤ ¨ ¨ § ¯kʇ Ÿ § ¤ ̉¯·‡ ¨ ¨ § © È˙ȯa-˙‡ ¦ ¦ § ¤ ۇ © § ˜ÁˆÈ ¨ § ¦ È˙ȯa-˙‡ ¦ ¦§ ¤
˙ȯa ¦ § Ì‰Ï ¤ ¨ Èz¯ÎÊ ¦ § © ¨Âö§ ,z¯Ó‡ ¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ÌÈBL‡¯ ¦ ¦ ˙ȯa ¦ § eI¨ ¯BÎʧ
˙BÈ‰Ï § ¦ ÌÈBb‰
¦ © ÈÈrÏ ¥ ¥ § ,ÌȯˆÓ ¦ © § ¦ ı¯‡Ó ¤ ¤ ¥ Ì˙‡-È˙‡ˆB‰ ¨Ÿ ¦ ¥ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ,ÌÈL‡¯ ¦Ÿ ¦
Ÿ © © Â÷§ ,ezÁË·‰L
˙‡Ê-Ìb-Û‡ ¨ § © § ¦ ¤ BÓk§ enr ¨ ¦ ‰Nr ¥ £ :‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È‡ ¦ £ ÌÈ‰Ï‡Ï ¦ Ÿ ¥ Ì‰Ï ¤¨
¯Ù‰Ï
¥ ¨ § Ì˙lÎÏ ¨ Ÿ © § ÌÈzÏr‚-‡Ï ¦ § © § Ÿ § ÌÈzÒ‡Ó-‡G ¦ § © § ̉Ȥ ·È‡ ¥ §Ÿ ı¯‡a ¤ ¤ § Ì˙Bȉa ¨ § ¦
‰Ók ¨ § eÓÁ¯Â¥ £ © § e˙e·L ¥ § ·L‰ ¥ ¨ :̉ȉχ ¤ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È‡ ¦ £ Èk¦ ,Ìz‡ ¨ ¦ È˙ȯa ¦ ¦§
Eˆa˜Â
§ ¤ ¦ § ·L ¨ § ,EÓÁ¯Â ¤ £ ¦ § E˙e·L-˙‡ § § ¤ EȉG‡ ¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ·L ¨ Âø§ ,·e˙kL ¨¤
‰Ók ¨ § eÈÁc ¥ ¨ ¦ ıa˜ ¥ © :‰nL ¨ ¨ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EˆÈÙ‰ § ¦ ¡ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ÌÈnr‰-ÏkÓ ¦ ©¨ ¨ ¦
EȉG‡ ¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Eˆa˜È § ¤ © § ÌMÓ ¨ ¦ ,ÌÈÓM‰ ¦ ¨ ¨ © ‰ˆ˜a ¥ § ¦ EÁc £ © ¦ ‰È‰È-Ì ¤ § ¦ ‡ù¦ ,·e˙kL ¨¤
Ì˘ÓÂ
:Á ËÚ Ì˘ ( :È Î Ì˘ (‰ :‚È „Ù Ì˘ („ :Á ÂÓ Ì˘ (‚ :Ë ‚ Ì˘ (· :‚È ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
Ì˘ (Ï :ËÈ Ì˘ (Î :· „Ú Ì˘ (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·) „ ˜ Ì˘ (Ë :Â Ì˘ (Á :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ê ‰Î Ì˘ (Ê
ÂÎ ‡¯˜È (Ù :‡È ·È ¯·„Ó· (Ú :ÊÎ Ë Ìȯ·„ (Ò :‚È ·Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ ( :Ê ÊϘ Ì˘ (Ó :„È ·˜
:„ Ì˘ (˘ :‚ Ï Ìȯ·„ (¯ :„Ó Ì˘ (˜ :‰Ó Ì˘ (ˆ :·Ó
ÊË È˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 31
·rÎ ¨ ¨ È˙ÈÁ ¦ ¦ Óà̈ ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § ÔrÎÂ
¨ ¨ ¤ § ·rk ¨ ¨ eÈrLÙ ¥ ¨ § ‰ÁÓ ¥ § :EÁwÈ ¤ ¨ ¦ ÌMÓe¨ ¦
eÈrLÙ ¥ ¨ § ‰ÁÓ ¥ § :EÈzI‡‚ ¦ § © § Èk¦ ÈI‡ © ¥ ‰·eL ¨ ,EÈ˙‡hÁ ¤ Ÿ © ÔrΠ¨ ¨ ¤ § EÈrLt ¤¨ §
ÈrÓÏ
¦ £ © § EÈrLÙ ¤ ¨ § ‰ÁÓ ¤ Ÿ ‡e‰ ÈÎ‡ ¦ Ÿ ¨ ÈÎ ¦ Ÿ ‡á̈ ,z¯Ó‡ ¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ErÓI §© ©§
,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § ¯ÓvΠ¤ ¤ © § ‚ÏMk ¤ ¤ © eȇËÁ ¥ ¨ £ Ôaω ¥ § © :¯kʇ Ÿ § ¤ ‡Ï Ÿ EÈ˙‡hÁ ¤ Ÿ ©§
,eÈaIÈ ¦ § © ‚ÏMk
¤ ¤ © ÌÈMk ¦ ¨ © ÌÎȇËÁ ¤ ¥ ¨ £ eȉÈ-̇ § ¦ ¦ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯Ó‡È © Ÿ ‰ÁÎe ¨ ϧâ
¨ § ¨ ¦ § ‡-eÎ
e¯‰ËÂ¥ £ © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ˜B¯Ê§ :eÈ‰È § ¦ ¯Óvk ¤ ¤ © ÚÏBzÎ ¨ © eÓÈc‡È-̇ ¦§© ¦
ÏkÓŸ ¦ ,Ìz¯‰Ëe ¤ § © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © ÌÎÈIr ¤ ¥ £ Èz˜¯Ê ¦ § © ¨Â㧠,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ §
χ© § eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ © :ÌÎ˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ¯‰Ë‡ ¥ © £ ÌÎÈIeJb-IkÓe ¤ ¥ ¦ ¨ ¦ ¤ ¥Ÿ § ª
ÌÎÈ˙‡ÓË
‡Ï Ÿ § Et¯È § § © ‡Ï Ÿ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ Èkä¦ ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § e˙ÈÁLz ¥ ¦ § ©
ÏBÓ :Ì‰Ï ¤ ¨ ÚaL © § ¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ EÈ˙·‡ ¤ Ÿ £ ˙ȯa-˙‡ ¦ § ¤ ÁkLÈ © § ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ § ,E˙ÈÁLÈ ¤ ¦ § ©
Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏÓ¨ eå ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § EÓL-˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ‰·‰‡Ï ¨ £ © § e··Ï-˙‡¥¨§ ¤
E··Ï-ÏÎa
§ ¨ § ¨ § Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ¤ ‰·‰‡Ï ¨ £ © § ,Er¯Ê ¤ § © ··I-˙‡Â
©§ ¤ § E··I-˙‡
§ ¨§ ¤
,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § e˙Lw·a ¥ ¨ ¨ © § eϨ ‡ˆn‰ ¥ ¨ ¦ :EÈiÁ ¤ © ÔrÓÏ © © § ELÙ-Ïηe
§ §© ¨ §
E··Ï-IÎa
§ ¨ § ¨ § epL¯„˙ ¤ § § ¦ Èk¦ ,˙‡ˆÓe ¨ ¨ ¨ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ¤ ÌMÓ ¨ ¦ ÌzLw· ¤ § © ¦ eæ
‰Ók ¨ § E˙JÙz ¤ ¨ ¦ § ˙È·a ¥ § eÁnN ¥ § © § EL„˜ ¤ § ¨ ¯‰-χ © ¤ e‡È·z ¥ ¦ § :ELÙ-Iηe ¤ §© ¨ §
,È˙JÙz¦ ¨ ¦ § ˙È·a ¥ § ÌÈzÁnN ¦ § © ¦ § ÈL„˜ ¦ § ¨ ¯‰-χ © ¤ ÌÈ˙B‡È·‰ ¦ ¦ £ Âç© ,·e˙kL ¨¤
‡¯wÈ ¥ ¨ ¦ ‰lÙz-˙Èa
¨ ¦ § ¥ È˙È· ¦ ¥ Èk¦ ,ÈÁaÊÓ-Ïr ¦ § § ¦ © ÔBˆ¯Ï ¨ § ̉ÈÁ·Ê¤ ¥ § ¦ § ̉È˙ÏBÚ¤ ¥Ÿ
:ÌÈnr‰-ÏÎÏ
¦ © ¨ ¨§
:ÏÏη „Ú ‡Ï Â·ÊÚ˙ χ „Ú ,ω˜Â ÔÊÁ ,˜ÂÒÙ ¯Á‡ ˜ÂÒÙ ÌȯÓ‡ Ô¯‡‰ ÔÈÁ˙ÂÙ

Ïa˜Â
¥ © § eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯Â ¥ © § ÒeÁ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eÏB˜
¥ ÚÓL
© §
:e˙lÙz-˙‡
¥ ¨ ¦ § ¤ ÔBˆ¯·e ¨ § ÌÈÓÁ¯a ¦ £ ©§
:Ì„˜k
¤ ¤ § eÈÓÈ
¥ ¨ LcÁ ¥ © ‰·eLÂ
¨ ¨ § EÈχ ¤ ¥ | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § e·ÈL
¥ ¦ ‰£è
:epnÓ
¤ ¦ Áwz-χ
© ¦ © EL„˜ § § ¨ Áe¯Â
© § EÈÙlÓ ¥ ¦ § © ‡©é
¤ ¨ § ¦ eÎÈÏLz-Ï
:e·Êrz-χ
¥ § © © © eÁk ¥ Ÿ ˙BÏÎk § ¦ ‰˜Ê
¨ § ¦ ˙rÏ ¥ ¦ § © ‡©ë
¥ § eÎÈÏLz-Ï
‰·BËÏ
¨ § ˙B‡ enr-‰N ¨ ¦ ¥ r£î :epnÓ¤ ¦ ˜Á¯z-χ
© § ¦ © ,eȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § e·Êrz-Ï
¥ § © © ‡ì©
ð̈ £ :ezÓÁÂ
eȯ¥Ó‡ ¨ § © ¦ § ez¯Êr
¨ § © £ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰z‡-Èk
¨ © ¦ eL·È Ÿ ¥ § eȇN
¥ §Ÿ e‡¯ÈÂ
§¦ §
eaÏ
¥ ¦ ÔBÈ‚‰Â
§ ¤ § eÈÙ-ȯӇ
¦ ¥ § ¦ | ÔBˆ¯Ï ¨ § eȉ§ Èñ¦ :e‚È‚‰
¥ ¦ £ ‰Èa
¨ ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | ‰Èʇ‰ ¨ ¦£ ©
êÈÙÏ
:‡Ï „ Ìȯ·„ (‰ :‰Î ÂÏ Ï‡˜ÊÁÈ („ :ÁÈ ‡ Ì˘ (‚ :‰Î ‚Ó Ì˘ (· :·Î „Ó ‰ÈÚ˘È (‡ ‡"Â˙
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚È ‡ ÌÈω˙ (È :‡Î ‰ ‰Îȇ (Ë :Ê Â ‰ÈÚ˘È (Á :ËÎ „ Ì˘ (Ê :Â Ï Ì˘ (Â
· ‰ Ì˘ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÈ ÂÙ Ì˘ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·Î ÁÏ Ì˘ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë ‡Ú Ì˘ (Î
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ËÈ Ì˘ (Ò :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
È˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 32
¨Ÿ £ ‰r˙
È„‡ ¤ £ © ‰z‡
¨ © ,eÏÁB‰
§ ¨ ¨Ÿ § EÏ-È
‰Â‰È § kঠ:eχB‚Â
¥ £ § e¯eˆ ¨Ÿ § ,EÈÙÏ
¥ ‰Â‰È ¤¨§
:eȉG‡
¥ ¡
:Ô¯‡‰ Ôȯ‚ÂÒ

© © § ¦ © Â⧠,e˙lÙz
Ìlr˙z-χ ¥ ¨ ¦ § EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ‡B·zá̈ ,eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¥ Epidl` ¥Ÿ ¡
EÈÙI
¤ ¨ § ¯ÓBÏ
© ,Û¯Ú¤Ÿ ÈL ä§ ÌÈÙ
¥ ˜e ¦ ¨ Èf¥rã© e‡¨ ÔȇL
¥ ¤ ,e˙pÁzÓ
¥¨¦ § ¦
§ © £ Ï·¨ ‡£å ,e‡ËÁ
eÁ‡ ¨ ¨ ‡ÏŸ § eÁ‡ § © £ ÌȘÈcˆ¦ ¦ © ,eÈ˙B·‡
¥ £ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È
¨Ÿ §
:e‡Ë¨ Á1̈ eÈ˙B·‡Â
¥ £©

.e„ʧ © .erL¯ ç¦ § .eÈÂr


§ © § ‰Â ¦ ¡ ‰¤æ .ÈÙc ¦ Ÿ e¯ac§ © ¦ .eÏÊb
§ © ¨ .e„‚a§ © ¨ .EpnW § © `2̈
.eˆI
§ © .e·fk§ © ¦ .Ú¯¨ eˆrÈ § © ¨ .¯˜L ¤ ¤ eÏÙ§ © Ëè̈ .eÒÓÁ§ © ¨
.Û¯Ú¤Ÿ eÈM˜ ¦ ¦ .e¯¯ˆ § © ¨ .erLt§ © ¨ .eÈÂr¦ ¨ .e¯¯Ò§ © ¨ .eˆ‡
§ © ¦ .e„¯Ó̈
§©
:erzrz
§ ¨ § ¦ .eÈrz ¦ ¨ .e·rz§ © ¦ .e˙ÁL § © ¦ .erL¯ §© ¨
Ïr© ˜Ècˆ¦ © ‰z‡ ¨ ¨ Ÿ Âë§ ÌÈ·Bh‰
¨ © Âì§ :eϨ ‰ÂL-‡Ï ¦ © EÈËtLn¤ ¨ § ¦ Óe ¤ Ÿ § ¦ ¦ Epx§ q
é¦ EÈ˙ˆnÓ ©1
§ ¨ § ‰1¦ eÁ‡Â
:erL¯ § © £ © ˙ÈNr
¨ ¦ ¨ ˙Ó‡-Èk ¤ ¡ ¦ ,eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ‡a‰-Ïk¨© ¨
¥ ¦ ‰Â¨cð¨ .NBNÓ¨ epnÓ
eaÏ ¤ ¦ ‰Ï¨ bî̈ .¯Bc-ÏkÓ ¨ ¦ eLa § Ÿ .Ìr-ÏkÓ ¨ ¨ ¦ EpnW` § © ¨
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa¥ Ïe·Êñ§ .e¯‡t
.eLc˜Ó ¥ ¥ § Ú¯ÙÂ
© § ¦ § .eÈee‡
¥ ¦ ÏaÁ‰ © § ª .eȇËÁa ¥ ¨£©
¥ Ÿ .ÌȯÊÏ
eÁk ¦ ¨ § e˙Ó„‡¥ ¨ § © ÈÙBÈ ¦ .‰nLÏ ¨ © § ‰˙ȉ ¨ § ¨ e˙¯È ¥ ¨ Ëò¦ .eÈÂra¥Ÿ £ © ·¯Á ©¨
:ÌȯÎÏ ¦ § ¨§
¯ÓBÏ
© ,et¯r
¥ § ¨ ‰L˜ ¤ § © § eÈt ¥ ¨ ÊÈr¦ ¨ Cȉ¥ .e˙eÚhÓ ¥ ¨ ¦ e·L § © ‡Ï Ÿ oicÓe
¦ ©£©
Ÿ § eÁ‡
‡Ï § © £ ÌȘÈcˆ ¦ ¦ © ,eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EÈÙÏ ¤¨§
:e‡Ë¨ Á1̈ eÈ˙B·‡Â¥ £ © eÁ‡ § © £ Ï·¨ ‡£å ,e‡ËÁ ¨¨
.eÈÏr¥ ¨ Ìlr ¨ ª e˙ § ¨ .epnÓ ¤ ¦ ˯BÓÓe ¨ § CMÓ ¨ ª Óô§ .eÏÓr ¥ ¨ £ e˜Lr § ¨ EpipiÓl
¥ ¥§
.Ì„iÓ¨ ¨ ¦ Ôȇ¥ ˜¯t ö¥Ÿ .e·¨ eÏLÓ § ¨ ÌÈ„· ¦ ¨ r£ö .eÓÎL ¥ § ¦ Ir© eÏ·Ò § ©¨
¥Ÿ £ © epnÓ
.eÈÂra ¤ ¦ z˜Á¯¨ § © ¨ .eȉG‡ ¥ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Ee‡¯˜ ¨ § .ee··Ò ¨ § ˙Ba¯© ˙B¯ˆ¨
:e„·‡Â
§ ¨ ¨ § eÈrz¦ ¨ .EȯÁ‡Ó ¤ £ © ¥ e·§ L ©÷
ÁÈ˘Ó
ÁÎ Ìȯ·„ Ù"Ú („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ‰ Ì˘ (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚ ÁÙ Ì˘ (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊË ÁÏ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
Ù"Ú (Ë :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ì˘ (Á : ˜ ÌÈω˙ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ,ÊÙ ‡ÓÂÈ ( :Ë „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (‰ :
„Î ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ó :‚Ï Ë ‰ÈÓÁ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÎ ‚Ï ·Âȇ (Î :ËÏ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (È :ËÒ ËȘ Ì˘
‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ù :ÂÎ ËÒ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (Ú :‚È Á ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ Ù"Ú (Ò :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÈ ‰ ‰Îȇ ( :‡È
:‡È ÂË ‡-χÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (˜ :Á Ì˘ ‰Îȇ (ˆ :Ê ÁÈ
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ (1 ˙‚‰‰
ÈÙÏ ÌÈÏÓ‰ ¯‡˘· ÔΠ,(Ê ÛÈÚÒ Ê¯˙ ÔÓÈÒ Ê"‰„‡ Ú"¢ ‰‡¯) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ËÚÓ ‰Á˘È (2
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó) ·-‡‰ ¯„Ò
ÊÈ È˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 33
ew ¥ © :Èw¦ ¥ © ˙B¯zÒpÓ ¨ § ¦ ¦ ,ÔÈ·È-ÈÓ ¦ ¨ ¦ ˙B‡È‚¦ L ৠ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ¯Ó‡ © ¨ E˜„ˆ § § ¦ giWn © ¦ §
,eÈ˙B‡ÓË-ÏkÓ
¥ § ª ¨ ¦ e¯‰ËÂ
¥ £ © § eÈrLt-IkÓ ¥¨ § ¨ ¦ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È
eȉχ ¨Ÿ §
¦ § © ¨Â᧠,E‡È·
Èz˜¯Ê ¤ ¦ § „È-Ïr © © ·e˙kk ¨ © ,e¯‰Ë ¥ £ © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © eÈIr ¥ ¨ ˜B¯Êe§
ÌÎÈÏeJb-ÏkÓe
¤ ¥ ¦ ¨ ¦ ÌÎÈ˙B‡ÓË ¤ ¥ § ª IŸkÓ¦ ,Ìz¯‰Ëe ¤ § © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © ÌÎÈÏr¤ ¥£
:ÌÎ˙‡¤ § ¤ ¯‰Ë‡ ¥ ©£
,ÚÓLe ¨ § Eʇ § § ¨ | ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰ã© ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ÚeL © ¦ ˙B„eÓÁ-LÈ £ ‡â¦ l`Ipc ¥¦ ¨
EÓL ‡¯˜-¯L‡ ¯Èr‰Â ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ‰‡¯e EÈÈr Á˜t
§ ¦ ¨ § ¦ ¤ £ ¦ ¨ § ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ¥ § ¤ ¥ © §
,EÈÙϤ ¨ § eÈeÁz ¥ £ © ÌÈÏÈtÓ ¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ïr ¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ | Èk¦ ,‰ÈÏr̈ ¨ ¤
¨Ÿ £ ,‰ÁÏÒ
È„‡ ¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL ¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr ¤ £ © © Èk¦
E¯Èr-Ïr
§ ¦ © ‡¯˜ ¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk § ¦ ¦ ,ȉG‡ © ¡ ErÓI § © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ © © § © ,‰Nr ¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰¨ ¦ § ©
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © ©§
Èt
© ¨ ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ Ìȯ‰Ï ¦ ¨ § ÈzÓÏÎ ¦ § © § ¦ § ÈzLa ¦ § Ÿ ,È‰Ï © Ÿ ‡¡ä ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ¯Ó‡ © ¨ ¯ÙBq‰ ¥ © `xfÓ ¨§ ¤
„r© ‰Ï„‚ ¨ § ¨ e˙ÓL‡Â ¥ ¨ § © § L‡¯ Ÿ ‰IrÓÏ ¨ § © § e·¯ « ¨ eÈ˙Âr ¥ Ÿ Ÿ £ Èk¦ EÈχ ¤ ¥
Ÿ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
‡Ï ¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡-C¯‡ ¦ © © ¤ ¤ ÌeÁ¯Â © § ÔepÁ© ˙BÁÈÏÒ ¦ § dBI‡ © ¡ ‰z‡ ¨ © Âå§ :ÌÈÓMÏ
¦¨ ¨©
e¯ˆBÈ
¥ § eÁÈÊz ¥ ¦ § © χ © § ,e‡¯Ba
¥ § eLhz ¥ § ¦ χ © § eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ e·Êrz ¥ § © © χ© :Ìz·Êr ¨ § ©£
¯·c‰-˙‡
¨ ¨ © ¤ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eϨ Ìi˜Â ¤ © § ,eÈ˙‡hÁk ¥ Ÿ © § ‰Ïk ¨ ¨ enr ¨ ¦ Nrz © © χ ©§
̉‰ ¥ ¨ ÌÈÓi ¦ ¨a©æ ,¯eÓ‡k ¨ ¨ .CÊBÁ ¨ e‰ÈӯȨ § § ¦ È„È-Ïr ¥ § © ‰Ia˜a ¨ ¨ © § ezÁË·‰L ¨ § © § ¦ ¤
Ÿ © ¤ § epȇÂ
˙‡hÁ-˙‡Â ¤ ¥ § χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ÔÂr-˙‡ Ÿ £ ¤ Lw·È © ª § ‰Â‰È-̇¨Ÿ § ª § ‡È‰‰ ¦ © ˙r·e ¥¨
È·r¯
¥ ¥ § E˙ÏÁ § ¨ £ © § En§ rç© :¯È‡L‡ ¦ § © ¯L‡I ¤ £ © ÁIÒ‡ © § ¤ Èk¦ ‰‡ˆn˙ ¨ ¤ ¨ ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ § ‰„e‰È
¨ §
eȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ Ï©è Èk¦ eÚ„È § ¥ § e¯ÈkÈ ¦ © .ErLÈ ¤ § ¦ È·‡z ¥ ¥ § EcÒÁ ¤ § © ȇӈ ¥ ¥ § E·eË §
:˙BÁÈÏq‰Â ¦ § © § ÌÈÓÁ¯‰̈ ¦ £ ©
‰Nr¥ £ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èë§ . EÓL ¤ § ‡¯˜ ¨ § ¦ ea¨ . EÓL ¤ § ÔepÁ©é χ¥ . EÓL ¤ § ÌeÁ¯é© l`¥
. E˙ȯa
¤ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EzÓ‡ 1¤ ¦ £ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ E˙c. ¤ ¨ ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ Ez¯‡Ù˙ ¤ § © § ¦ § EÏ„b
§ § ¨ ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £
ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ E¯ÎÊ. ¤ § ¦ ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E„eÚÂ ¤ ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E„B‰ ¤
ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„eÁÈ ¤ ¦ ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E·eË ¤ ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EcÒÁ ¤§ ©
ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E˙eÎÏÓ ¤ § © ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E„enÏ ¤ ¦ ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E„B·k ¤ §
. E¯‡t
¤ ¥ § ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . Efr ¤ ª ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„BÒ¤ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EÁˆ
¤§¦
‰˘Ú
:Â Ë ‡¯ÊÚ (‰ :ËÈ-ÁÈ Ë Ì˘ („ :‡È È Ï‡È„ (‚ :‰Î ÂÏ Ï‡˜ÊÁÈ (· :‚È ËÈ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë Ì˘ χÈ„ (Ë :ÂÎ Ë Ìȯ·„ (Á :Î  ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ê :ÊÈ Ë ‰ÈÓÁ (Â
:Ê „È ‰ÈÓ¯È (Î : „Ï
.ÌÏÂη ÔΠ,C˙ȯa » ƒ ¬ ÔÚÓÏ :„ÈÓ˙ ¯Ó‡ ,˙ÂÁÈÏÒ· ¯Â·Èˆ ÁÈÏ˘Î È·¯‰ (1 ˙‚‰‰
» ƒ¿ .CzÈÓ‡
È˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 34
EÈÓÁ¯¤ £ © ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙M„˜ ¤ ¨ ª § ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙˜„ˆ ¤ ¨ § ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙l‰z ¤ ¨ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙ÈÎL ¤ ¨ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ ©¨
. ·˜rÈÂ
Ÿ £ © § ˜ÁˆÈ ¨ § ¦ ̉¯·‡¨ ¨ § © ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ ¯Ùr . ¨ ¨ ÈÎB ¥§ L à EÈ·‰B‡ ¤£ ÔrÓI
©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ ‰ÓÏLe Ÿ Ÿ § „Âc ¦ ¨ ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ Ô¯‰‡Â Ÿ £ © § ‰LÓ ¤ Ÿ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
‰Nr ¥ £ . E„B·k ¤ § ÔkL © § Ó⦠ÔBiˆ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EL„˜ ¤ § ¨ ¯Èr¦ ÌÏLe ¦© ¨ ¯È á§
‰Nr .
¥ £ EÁaÊÓ ¤ § § ¦ ˙eÒȯ‰ ¦ £ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ EÏÎȉ . ¤ ¨ ¥ ˙BÓÓL § ¦ ÔrÓÏ ©©§
. E„eÁÈ
¤ ¦ Ïr© ÌÈÁe·Ë ¦ § ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EL„˜ ¤ § ¨ ÌL ¥ Ïr© ÌÈ‚e¯‰ ¦ £ ÔrÓI ©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EÓL ¤ § Lec˜¦ Ïr© ÌÈn·e ¦ © © L‡· ¥ ¨ ȇa ¥ ¨ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
. eÚLÙ § ¨ ‡lL Ÿ ¤ ·IÁ ¨ ¨ ÈÏeÓ¥ bä§ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ e‡ËÁ . § ¨ ‡lL Ÿ ¤ ÌÈ„L ¦ © ¨ Ș¥ BÈ ã§
‡ÏŸ ̇¦ ErÓÏ § © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . Ôa¯ ¨ © ˙Èa¥ ÏL ¤ ˙B˜BÈzå¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
:erÈLB‰Â
¥ ¦ § ErÓÏ § © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ erÓÏ ¥£ © §
¥ £ . er
er ¥ £ eÈ·¦ ‡ç̈ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Epp¥1 Ó £æ
¥ £ . er
er ¥ £ eL¯Bc ¥ § er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ eχB¥ £ bé er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ e‡¯B ¥ § aè
:er ¥ £ ÔÓ‡p‰ ¨ ¡ ¤ © χ¥ ‰ë̈
:er ¨ © § ÈÁî© er
¥ £ Ìi˜Â ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ¯LÈ ¨ ¨ § CÊì© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ § ˜È˙ ¦ ¨ EppÓ ¥£
ÌÈÒrk¦ ¨ § L·B ¥ kò er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ¯ˆÈ © ¥ Èñ er
¤ ¤ r„B ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ·ÈËÓe ¦ ¥ ·BËð EppÓ ¥£
ÌÈÎIn‰
¦ ¨ § © ÈÎÏÓ ¥ § © CI¤ Óö¤ er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § L·B ¥ Ïô er .
¥ £ er ¥£
:er ¥£
‰B¤ Úù er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÏÁBÓe ¥ ÁÏBÒ
©¥ ¥ £ . er
er ¥ £ ·bN ¨ § Âø¦ § ‡¯B¨ ÷ EppÓ ¥£
¨ ¨ § ˜Èc¦ ˆú© er
¯LÈÂ .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ÏÈvÓe ¦ © ‰„B ¤ tù er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ‰¯ˆ ¨ ¨ ˙ra ¥§
:er ¥£
C¯á© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÒBÚÎÏ § ¦ ‰L ¤ ˜á̈ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ Âȇ¯B˜Ï ¨ § § ·B¯˜à̈ EppÓ ¥£
:er ¥ £ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯â© er ¥ £ er. ¥ £ ˙Bv¯I ©§
ÂÚ
Ù"Ú (‰ :ÊË · χÂÈ Ù"Ú („ :Á ÂÎ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :„Î .ÊË Ë Ï‡È„ Ù"Ú (· :ËÈ ÂÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È (‡ ‡"Â˙
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÏ ÁÈ ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ (Ê :È·Ï ‰"„ È"˘¯ ‡ ,ÊÈ ˙Âί· ‰‡¯Â .· ,‚Ï ˙·˘ ( :Ë ÁÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È
: Á ·Âȇ Ù"Ú (Ï :Ë Ê Ìȯ·„ (Î :„ ÊÓ Ì˘ (È :‡ ‚Ó Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Ë :ÊË ‚Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È (Á
,Ê ˙Âί· ‰‡¯ (Ú :„È ‚˜ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Ò :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÁÒ ËȘ ÌÈω˙ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊΠ χÈ„ (Ó
:‰ ‚Ï ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (¯ :‡Î Ì˘ Ìȯ·„ Ù"Ú (˜ :‡ ,‚ ˙·‡ (ˆ :ÊÈ Ë ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ù :‡
:‡È ,‰ ˙·‡ Ù"Ú (· :ÁÈ ‰Ó˜ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (‡ :„ ·Ï Ìȯ·„ (˙ :‚ ,„ ˙Âί· ÈÓÏ˘Â¯È (˘
:Â „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‚
,ȯ˘˙-ÏÂχ ,'„"·Á È‚‰Ó ¯ˆÂ‡' ‰‡¯) ˙‡˜ÒÙ‰ ÈÓÂÈÒ· ÂϘ ı"˘‰ ‰È·‚Ó ÂÚ ˙¯ÈÓ‡· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ÁÎ 'ÓÚ
ÁÈ È˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 35
er¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÌÈÓÈÓz ¦ ¦ § CÓBz ¥ er¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÌÈBÈ·‡-χ
¦ § ¤ ¤ rÓB ©¥ L à EppÓ ¥£
„Á© tã© er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ̉¯·‡ ¨ ¨ § © È‰Ï ¥ Ÿ ‡¡â er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £ È‰Ï ¥ Ÿ ‡¡á
. er¥ £ ÌÈË·M‰ ¦ ¨ § © ˙¯Êr © § ¤ er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ¯È·¦ ‡£ä er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ˜ÁˆÈ ¨ §¦
È·¦ ‡£æ er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ÔBˆ¯¨ ˙ra ¥ § ‰B ¤ Úå er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ˙B‰n‡ ¨ ¦ ·bNÓ © § ¦ er ¥£
:er ¥ £ ˙BÓχ ¨ § © Ôi©cæ© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÌÈÓB˙È ¦ §
‰rL¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰i¯Bn‰ ¨ ¦ © ¯‰a © § eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ ̉¯·‡Ï ¨ ¨ § © § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ in ç¦
‰rL¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓè¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÁaÊn‰ © ¥ § ¦ © Èab-Ir ¥ © © „˜rpLk © ¡ ¤ ¤ § Ba§ ˜ÁˆÈI ¨ § ¦§
ÌȯeÒ‡‰¦ £ ¨ ˙È·a ¥ § ÛÒBÈÏ ¥ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ I‡¥ ˙È·a ¥ § ·˜rÈÏ Ÿ £©§
ÈÓé¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÛeÒ-ÌÈ-Ir © © eÈ˙B·‡Ï ¥ £ © ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓç¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰
‰zÁna¨ § © © Ô¯‰‡Ï Ÿ £ © § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ·¯BÁa ¥ § ‰LÓÏ ¤ Ÿ § ‰rL ¨¨ ¤
. erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰„r‰ ¨ ¥ ¨ CBzÓ¦ BÓe˜a§ ÒÁÈÙÏ ¨ § ¦ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓë¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰
χeÓLÏ
¥ § ¦ ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓç¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÏbÏba ¨ § ¦ © rLB‰ÈÏ ©ª ¦ ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓç¦
‡e‰ ÌÏLe¯Èa ¦¨ ¨ ¦ B·§ ‰ÓÏLe Ÿ Ÿ § „Â„Ï ¦ ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓç¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰tˆna ¨§ ¦ ©
‰rL¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ ì ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÏÓ¯k‰ ¤ § © © ¯‰a © § e‰iÏ‡Ï ¨ ¦ ¥ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓç¦ . erÈ ¥£©
‡e‰ ‰‚c‰ ¨ ¨ © ÈrÓa ¥ § ¦ ‰BÈÏ ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓç¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ BÁȯÈa ¦ ¦ ÚLÈχI ¨ ¦ ¡¤
.
ÈÓð¦ erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ BÈÏÁa § ¨ § ‰„e‰È ¨ § CÏÓ ¤ ¤ e‰i˜ÊÁÏ ¨ ¦ § ¦ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓî¦ . erÈ ¥£©
. erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ L‡‰ ¥ ¨ ÔL·k ¨ § ¦ CB˙a§ ‰È¯Êr ¨ § © £ © I‡LÈÓ ¥ ¨ ¦ ‰ÈÁÏ ¨ § © £ © ‰rL ¨¨ ¤
ÈÎc¯ÓÏ
© § § ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ˙Bȯ‡ ¨ £ ·B‚a§ χi„I ¥ ¦ ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓñ¦
‡e‰ ‰IBba ¨ © ‡¯ÊrÏ ¨ § ¤ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰¯Èa‰ ¨ ¦ © ÔLeLa © § ¯z҇ ¥§ ¤§
ÌȯLȉ¦ ¨ § © § ÌÈÓÈÓz‰Â¦ ¦ § © § ÌÈ„ÈÒÁ‰Â ¦ ¦ £ © § ÌȘÈcv‰-ÏÎÏ ¦ ¦ © © ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥£©
:erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰
¨ ¨ © § ÂÓÁ¯
Ì„‡-„È·e ¨ £ © ÌÈa¯-Èk ¦ © ¦ ‰Â‰È-„È·
¨Ÿ § © § ‡p-‰Ït ¨ ¨ § ¦ „‡Ó Ÿ § ÈÏ-¯ˆ¦ © „b-χ ¨ ¤ „Âc ¦ ¨ xn`I ¤ Ÿ eò©
¨Ÿ ¤ ©
:‰Ït‡-χ
(̉ÈÙ ÏÚ ÌÈÏÙÂ Ôȇ)
Ïa˜Â
¥ © § ÈÏr© ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ © ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¨Ÿ § .EÈÙÏ
¦ £ © ‡Ï¥ Óö̈ ‰Â‰È ¤ ¨ § È˙‡ËÁ
¦ ¨ ¨ ÔepÁÂ © § mEgxô©
:È¯qÈ˙
¦ ¥ § © § E˙ÓÁa-I‡Â
§ ¨ £ © © § ÈÁÈÎB˙
¦¥ ¦ Et‡a-I‡
§ © § © ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ È÷§ :ÈeÁz
¨ £ ©
‰I‰·
¨ £ § ¦ ÈLÙÂ
¦ § © § :ÈÓˆr
¨ ¨ £ eω· ¨Ÿ § È‡Ù¯
£ § ¦ Èk¦ ‰Â‰È ¦ ¥ ¨ § È‡
¦ ¨ ÏIÓ‡ ¨Ÿ § ÈpÁ̈
© § ª Èk¦ ‰Â‰È ¦¥
„‡Ó
ËÓ Ì˘ (‰ :·Ó ‡Ï Ì˘ Ù"Ú („ :„Î ÂÎ ˙È˘‡¯· (‚ :Ê ÂÎ Ìȯ·„ (· :„Ï ËÒ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:‡È ,· ‰·¯ Ìȯ·„ (Ë :‡ ,ÂË ˙ÈÚ˙ Ù"Ú (Á : ÁÒ ÌÈω˙ (Ê :Á ËÓ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú ( :„Î
:È-· Î ·-Ì˘ (Ó :·Î-‡Î · ·-ÌÈÎÏÓ (Ï :· ,·Ù Ôȯ„‰Ò ‰‡¯ (Î :ËÈ Ë Ìȯ·„ ‰‡¯ (È
ÈÓÏ˘Â¯È (ˆ : „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ù :„È „Î ·-χÂÓ˘ (Ú :‰Î-ÊÈ Â Ì˘ (Ò :ÊÎ-ÂÎ ‚ χÈ„ ‰‡¯ (
:‡È-·  ÌÈω˙ (˜ :‰ ,‡ ˙Âί·
È˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 36
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ÈrÈLB‰¦¥ ¦ ÈLÙ¦ § © ‰ˆlÁ ¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰·eL ¨ :È˙Ó-„r¨ ¨ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰z‡Â ¨ © § „‡ÓŸ §
,È˙Á‡a
¦ ¨ § © § | Èzr‚È ¦ § © ¨ :Cl-‰„BÈ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ IB‡La § ¦ E¯ÎÊ ¤ § ¦ ˙Âna ¤ ¨ © Ôȇ¥ Èk¦ :EcÒÁ ¤§ ©
ÈÈr
¦ ¥ ÒrkÓ © © ¦ ‰LLr ¨ § ¨ :‰ÒÓ‡ ¤ § © ÈN¯r ¦ § © È˙rÓ„a ¦ ¨ § ¦ § È˙hÓ ¦ ¨ ¦ ‰ÏÈI-Ïη ¨ § © ¨ § ‰ÁN‡ ¤ § ©
:ÈÈÎa
¦ § ¦ ÏB˜ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÚÓL-Èk © ¨ ¦ Ô‡ ¤ ¨ ÈÏrt-Ïk¥ £ Ÿ ¨ ÈpnÓ ¦ ¤ ¦ e¯eÒ :ȯ¯Bˆ-ÏÎa ¨ § ¨ § ‰˜˙r̈¨ §
¨ §Ÿ
ȷȇ-Ïk ¨ „‡Ó Ÿ § eωaÈ £ ¨ ¦ § | eL·È Ÿ ¥ :ÁwÈ ¨ ¦ È˙lÙz ¦ ¨ ¦ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È˙pÁz ¦ ¨ ¦ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÚÓL̈ ©
:Ú‚¯ © ¨ eL·È Ÿ ¥ e·LÈ̈ ª
‡¯a ¨ § .‡ÓÏr ¨ § ¨ ÈiÁÏ ¥ © § ÏB‡L § ÔÓ¦ ˜ÈqÓ ¦ © .‰iÁÓe ¤ © § ˙ÈÓ¦ Óॠ,ÈqÓe ¥ © ign ¥ ©
‡c·r :dÈ·‡ÎÏ Èq‡ ÒÈÁ„ ȉe·‡ .dÈ˜Ï È‰e·‡ ÈËÁ „k
¨ § © ¥ ¥ § ¦ ¥ © ¦ ¨ § ¦ £ ¥ § © ¦ £ ¥ ¨ ©
C¯Îea¨§ C¯¨ a᧠:dȯÏB˜ ¥¨ ¯Èa˙ ¦ © § ·È‡z ¦ ¨ dÈ¯Ó ¥ ¨ .¯ÏB˜a ¨ § ˜ÈÙ ¦ ¨ „ȯӄ ¦¨ §
Ô‡
¨ £ Cc·r ¨ § © .Ôȯ¯Ó ¦ ¨ § ÔÈ„È‚a ¦ ¦ § ÔÈLÙ ¦ § © ȯ ¥ ¨ ‡‰¨ .Cn˜ ¨ © ÔÈËÁ ¨ ¦ ¨ § Ô‡ ¨£
eËÓa ¨ § .‡˙eȘIÓa ¨ ¦ § © § ‡‰¨ .‡È·La ¨ § ¦ § ‡‰¨ .‡˙Ê·a ¨ § ¦ § ‡‰¨ .Cn˜ ¨ © Ô„B¯Óe
¨¨ §
ȉ
¥ ¡ ¤ ‡Ïc ¨ § „r© .ÔIr ¨ £ ÛB˜˙c § ¦ ÔÈ·‡ÎI ¦ ¥ § ¦ Èq‡ ¥ © .ÔÈLÈÙc ¦ ¦ § ¦ CÓÁ¯a ¨ £ © § CpÓ ¨¦
:‡È·Ma ¨ § ¦ © ‡¯ÈÓb ¨ ¦§
ÈrÈÓLÓ
¥ ¦ § © :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ Ïr© aâ© ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .eÈÓÁ¯ ¥ £ © eÒÈΉ ¦ § © .ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © iqipkn ¥ ¦§ ©
ÈrÈÓLÓ
¥ ¦ § © :‰lÙz ¨ ¦ § rÓB ©¥ L ã ÈÙI ¥ § ¦ .e˙lÙz ¥ ¨ ¦ § eÚÈÓL‰ ¦ § © .‰lÙz ¨ ¦ §
eÒÈΉ ¦ § © .‰rÓ„ ¨ § ¦ ÈÒÈÎÓ ¥ ¦ § © :‰˜rˆ ¨ ¨ § rÓB ©¥ L ä ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .e˙˜rˆ ¥ ¨ £ © eÚÈÓL‰ ¦ § © .‰˜rˆ ¨¨§
‰pÁz¨ ¦ § ea¯‰Â § © § eÏczL‰ § © § ¦ :˙BÚÓ„a ¨ § ¦ ‰v¯˙Ó ¤ © § ¦ CIÓ ¤ ¤ ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ eÈ˙BÚÓ„ ¥ § ¦
ÂÈÙÏ
¨ ¨ § eÚÈÓL‰ ¦ § © .ÂÈÙI ¨ ¨ § e¯Èkʉ ¦ § © :‡O ¨ ¦ § Ì¯å¨ Ï‡¥ CÏÓ ¤ ¤ ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .‰Lw·e ¨ ¨©
‰iÁÈÂ
¤ © ¦ Ì˙·‰‡ ¨ ¨ £ © ¯BkÊȧ ¦ .¯Ùr ¨ ¨ ÈÎB ¥§ L ç ÏL ¤ ÌÈ·BË ¦ ÌÈNrÓe ¦ £ © ‰¯B¨ zæ
‰È‰ ¨ ¨ ÔÓ‡ ¨ ¡ ¤ ‰rB ¤ ¯é Ô‡ˆ Ÿ Èk¦ .·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ˙ȯ‡ ¦¥L è§ „·‡˙ © Ÿ ‡HL ¤ Ìr¯Ê ¨ §©
.erLÈ¥ § ¦ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ er ¥ £ ¯‰Ó ¥ © .‰ÈLI ¨ ¦ § ¦ § ÏL ¨ ÓÏ î̈ § „Á‡ ¨ ¤ ÈBbì χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ .‰t¯ ¨ § ÁIë¤ §
ÁÈLÓ
© ¦ § ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯a ¤ £ © § ‰rÈLB‰Â ¨ ¦ § ˙BL˜¨ ˙B¯Êb-IkÓ ¥ § ¨ ¦ e„Ùe ¥§
:Cnr ¨ © § C˜„ˆ ¨ §¦
ÔB‰lk § ª .dÈe·LÏ ¥ § ¦ ÔpÁ˙Ó„ ¥ © § ¦ § .‡È·L ¨ § ¦ ¯·k © § .ÔpÁ˙Ó ¨ ¥ © § ¦ CϨ .‡iÓL·c ¨ © § ¦ § oxn ¨¨
.ÈeÁ˙·e
¥ £ © § ÈÓÁ¯a ¥ £ © § χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ Cnr ¨ © § .ÔȘ¯t˙Ó ¦ § ¨ § ¦ ‡tÒÎa ¨ § © § .‡È·L ¨ § ¦ Èa ¥§
:CÓ„˜¨ ¨ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ̘ȯ ¨ ¥ ¯c‰ © § ¤ ‡Ic ¨ § ÔÈ˙eÚ·e ¦ ¨ ÔÈzI‡L ¦ § ¦ § ÔϨ ·‰©
Ô‡
¨ £ ȘÈLr ¥ ¦ £ .dȯÓÏ ¥ ¨ § ÔpÁ˙Óc¥ © § ¦ § ‡c·rk ¨ § © § .ÔpÁ˙Ó ¨ ¥ © § ¦ CϨ .‡iÓL·c ¨ © § ¦ § oxn ¨¨
˙ÈI¥ ‡ÏÈÁ ¨ ¥ .ÔÈLÈÙ„ ¦ ¦ § ¦ ÔÈ˙˜rÓ ¦ § © ¥ ÔÈLÙ ¦ § © ÔÈ¯È¯Ó ¦ ¦ § .ÔȯL ¨ ¦ ¨ ‡ÎBLÁ·e ¨ £©
:‡˙‰·‡
¨ ¨ ¨ § © Ìr¦ z¯Ê‚c ¨ § © § ¦ ‡Ói˜ ¨ ¨ © IÈ„a ¦ § „È·r ¦ £ .Ô¯Ó ¨ ¨ CÈev¯Ï¨ © § Ôä
¯Ó¢
,ÁÎ ˙Âί· („ :ÂË ,Ê ‰·¯ ˙ω˜ (‚ :·Î „ ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"‰Ú Ô˙ÂÈ Ì‚¯˙ (· : · ‡-χÂÓ˘ (‡ ‡"Â˙
‰ ‰ÎÈÓ (Ë :ËÈ ÂÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È (Á :Ë , ˙·‡ Ù"Ú (Ê :ÂË Ê ‰ÈÚ˘È ( :‡ ,ÂË ˙ÈÚ˙ (‰ :·
:Ì˘ ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ó :‡Î ÊÈ ‡-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ (Ï :Ë „Î ‰ÈÓ¯È Ù"Ú (Î :‚È ,Ê ‰·¯ ¯˙Ò‡ (È :Ê
ËÈ È˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 37
,χ¯NÈ © Ÿ χÂ
¥ ¨ § ¦ „·‡È © § ,χ¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙ȯ‡ ¦¥L §á ¯BÓL ¥ ¨ § ¦ xnF
§ ,χ¯NÈ ¥ Wà
:χ¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ÚÓ© L §â ÌȯÓB‡‰
¦§ ¨
,„Á‡ © Ÿ χÂ
¨ ¤ ÈBb „·‡È ¨ ¤ rä© ˙ȯ‡L
© § ,„Á‡-Ì ¦ ¥ § ¯BÓL ¨ ¤ ÈBbã xnFW
§ ,„Á‡ ¥
:„Á‡¨ ¤ | ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ,eȉχ
¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â¨Ÿ‰È â § ,EÓL§ ¦ ÌÈ„ÁÈÓ‰
¦£© § ©
© Ÿ χÂ
ÈBb „·‡È © § ,LB„˜¨ Ìr©æ ˙ȯ‡L ¦ ¥ § ¯BÓL § ,LB„˜¨ ÈBbå xnFW ¥
:LB„˜Ï ¨ § ˙BM„˜ ª § LÏLaŸ ¨ § ÌÈLlLÓ‰ ¦ § © § © ,LB„˜¨
,Èr
¦ ¨ ¯B„ϧ Òit˙‰Â
¥ © § ¦ § ‰v¯˙‰¤ © § ¦ ,ÌÈeÁ˙a
¦ £ © § Òit˙Óe
¥ © § ¦ ,ÌÈÓÁ¯a ¦ £ © § dSxzn
¤ ©§ ¦
:¯ÊBÚ
¥ Ôȇ¥ Èk¦
:‰z‡ ¨ ¨ ‡l‡
¨ ¤ CÏÓ ¤ ¤ eϨ Ôȇ¥ ekÏÓ ¥ § © eÈ·¦ ‡è̈ :‰z‡ ¨ ¨ eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ ekÏÓ¥ § © Epia¦ `ç̈
ea¨ Ôȇ¥ Èk¦ erÂ
¥ £ © epÁ
¥ ¨ ekÏÓ
¥ § © eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ :eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ § © eÈ·¦ ‡ç̈
¥ © ekÏÓ
:erÈLB‰Â
¥ ¦ § ÏB„b‰ ¨ © EÓL § ¦ ÔrÓÏ
© © § „ÒÁ¤ ¤ ¨ ‰˜„ˆ
¨ ¨ § enr ¨ ¦ ‰Nr ¥ £ ÌÈNrÓ
¦ £©
¯ÎŸ Êë§ :eÈÈr
¥ ¥ EÈÏr ¤ ¨ Èk¦ ,‰Nrp-‰Ó ¤ £ © © Ú„ © ¥ ‡Ï Ÿ Epgp` § © £ e©é
:‰n‰ ¨ ¥ ÌÏBÚÓ ¨ ¥ Èk¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁ ¤ ¨ £ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EÈÓÁ¯ ¤£ ©
¨ ¨ § ¦ ‡î© :CϨ eÏÁÈ
eÏ-¯kÊz-I § © ¦ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ,eÈIr ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EcÒÁ-ȉ§ § © ¦ Èì§
:„‡ÓŸ § eBl„© Èk¦ ,EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © eeÓc˜È § © § ¯‰Ó ¥ © ,ÌÈBL‡¯¦ ¦ ˙BÂrŸ£
:¯BkÊz § ¦ ÌÁ¯ ¤Ÿ añ§ :Êe· er·N
¥ © Ê‚¯ § © ¨ ·¯-Èk © ¦ ,epÁ ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ep¥ Áð̈
¤Ÿ § :¯BkÊz
Ê‚¯a § ¦ ˙BÓÈÓz ¦ § Ê‚¯a ¤Ÿ § :¯BkÊ˙ § ¦ ‰„˜r ¨ ¥ £ Ê‚¯a ¤Ÿ §
-ÌBÈ·§ erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰ ¨ ¦ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èò§ :¯BkÊ˙ § ¦ ‰·‰‡ ¨£©
| e¯Ê¥ § rö̈ :eÁ‡
§ ¨ £ ¯Ùr-Èk
¨ ¨ ¦ ¯eÎʨ ,e¯ˆÈ ¥ § ¦ Ú„È © ¨ ‡e‰-Èkô¦ :e‡¯˜ ¥ §¨
¯tÎÂ
¥ © § eÏÈv‰Â¥ ¦ © § ,EÓL-„B·k¤ § § ¯·c-Ïr © § © erLÈ ¥ § ¦ ȉχ ¥Ÿ ¡
:EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ ¥ Ÿ © ©
© © § eÈ˙‡hÁ-Ïr
CÈÏÓÈÂ
¦ § © § d˙eÚ¯Î
¥ § ¦ ‡¯· ¨ § Èc¦ ‡ÓÏra
¨ § ¨ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL © © § ¦ § lCBz
¥ § Lc˜˙ÈÂ © © § i1¦
ÔBÎÈiÁa
¥ © § :ÔÓ‡ .dÁÈLÓ
¥ ¦ § ·¯˜ÈÂ
¥ ¨ ¦ d˜¯et
¥¨ § ÁÓˆÈÂ
© § © § ,d˙eÎIÓ
¥ § ©
ÔÂÎÈÓÂÈ·Â
:Á ‚ ¯˙Ò‡ (‰ :‚Î Ê ·-χÂÓ˘ („ :„  Ìȯ·„ (‚ : ‡Ï ‰ÈÓ¯È (· :„ ‡Î˜ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
·-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ (È :· ,‰Î ˙ÈÚ˙ (Ë :‡ , ˙ÈÚ˙ Û"ȯ (Á :Â Ê Ìȯ·„ (Ê : ËÈ ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (Â
:· ‚ ˜Â˜·Á (Ò :‚ ‚Θ Ì˘ ( :Á ËÚ Ì˘ (Ó :·Î ‚Ï Ì˘ (Ï : ‰Î ÌÈω˙ (Î :·È Î
:Ë ËÚ Ì˘ (ˆ :„È ‚˜ Ì˘ (Ù :È Î ÌÈω˙ (Ú
,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‰ÁÈ˘Ó ·¯˜È ,‡·¯ ‰Ó˘ ˙·È˙‰ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘È„˜· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ (1 ˙‚‰‰
(¯Ó‡ ˙ˆ˜ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ͯ·˙È . . ‰Ó˘ ‡‰È (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁÂ
ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‡Â‰ Íȯ· ‡˘„˜„ ‰Ó˘ (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) Ïω˙È . . Á·˙˘ÈÂ
.(6 'ÓÚ ,ÌÈ‚‰Ó‰ ¯ÙÒ)
È˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 38
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,·È¯˜ ¦ ¨ ÔÓÊ·e
© § ¦ ‡Ï‚ra¨ ¨ £ © ,χ¯NÈ¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-Ï΄
¥ ¨ § ÈiÁ·e ¥ © § ÔBÎÈÓBÈ·e
¥ §
ÁazLÈÂ
© © § ¦ § C¯a˙È ¥ ¨ § ¦ :‡iÓÏr¨ © § ¨ ÈÓIrÏe
¥ § ¨ § ÌÏrÏ © ¨ § C¯·Ó© ¨ § ‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § ‡‰È ¥§
‡L„e˜c
¨ § § dÓL ¥ § Il‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‰lr˙ÈÂ
¤ © § ¦ § ¯c‰˙Ȩ © § ¦ § ‡O˙ÈÂ
¥ © § ¦ § ÌÓB¯˙ÈÂ
¨ § ¦ § ¯‡t˙È ¥ ¨ § ¦§
,‡˙ÓÁÂ
¨ ¨ ¡ ¤ § ‡˙ÁaLz
¨ ¨ § § ª ,‡˙¯ÈL ¨ ¨ ¦ § ‡˙ίa-Ïk
¨ ¨ § ¦ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ‡lrÏ ¨ ¥ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡e‰ Cȯa ¦§
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,‡ÓIra¨ § ¨ § Ô¯ÈÓ‡c
¨ ¦ £ ©
Èc¦ ÔB‰e·‡£ Ì„˜ ¨ ¢ ,χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-Ï΄ ¥ ¨ § ÔB‰˙eÚ·e § ¨ ÔB‰˙Bψ § § lAwzY ¥© § ¦
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡ § ¦ Â1§ ,‡iÓL·
¨© § ¦
,χ¯NÈ-Ïk
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¨ Ïr © § eÈÏr¥ ¨ ÌÈ·BË ¦ ÌÈiÁÂ
¦ © § ‡iÓL
¨ © § ÔÓ¦ ‡a¯ ¨ © ‡ÓÏL ¨ ¨ § `di ¥§
:ÔÓ‡¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦§
,χ¯NÈ-Ïk
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¨ Ïr © § eÈÏr¥ ¨ ÌBÏL ¨ ‰NrÈ ¤ £ © ‡e‰ ,ÂÈÓB¯Óa ¨ § ¦ ÌBÏL ¨ dU ¤2 Ÿrà
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦§

ȯ˘‡
:· ‰Î ·Âȇ (‡ ‡"Â˙
.(6 'ÓÚ ,ÌÈ‚‰Ó‰ ¯ÙÒ) ˙ˆ˜Ó· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ Z Ï·˜˙˙ Ï˘ ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú˘· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰ ÔÈÓÈÏ Z ‰˘ÂÚ :˘È„˜ Ï˘ ÌÂÏ˘ ‰˘ÂÚ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰Â ˙ÈÈˉ (2
ÚˆÓ‡· Z ÔÓ‡ . . ‡Â‰ ¢‡¯ Û˜ÂÊ ,ÚˆÓ‡· Z ÂÈÓ¯ӷ .ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰ Ï‡Ó˘Ï Z ÌÂÏ˘
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó)
Î È˘ÈÏ˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 39

:‰Ïq ¨ ¤ EeÏÏ‰È § © § „BÚ ,E˙È· ¤ ¥ È·LBÈ ¥ § ixW¥ § `©à


Ìr‰¨ ¨ ȯL‡ ¥ § © ,BJ ‰ÎkL ¨ ¨ ¤ Ìr‰ ¨ ¨ ȯL ¥ § ‡©á
EÓÓB¯‡
§ ¦ £ ,„Â„Ï ¦ ¨ § ‰J‰ ¨ ¦ z⧠:ÂȉG‡ ¨ ¡ ‰Â‰ÈL ¨Ÿ § ¤
:„r¤ ¨ ÌIBÚϨ § EÓL § ¦ ‰Î¯·‡Â ¨ § ¨ £ © ,CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © ȉBI‡ © ¡
ÌÏBÚÏ
¨ § EÓL § ¦ ‰Iω‡Â ¨ § © £ © ,jί·‡ ¨ ¤ § ¨ £ ÌBÈ-IÎa ¨ §
Ôȇ¥ B˙l„‚I¨ ª § ¦ § ,„‡Ó Ÿ § IJ‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„b¨ :„rÂ̈ ¤
¤Ÿ
EÈ˙¯e·‚e § ,EÈNrÓ ¤ £ © ÁaLÈ © © § ¯B„I§ ¯Bc :¯˜Á ¤¥
¤ Ÿ § § ¦ ȯ·„Â
EÈ˙‡ÏÙ ¥ § ¦ § ,E„B‰ ¤ „B·k§ ¯„‰ © £ :e„ÈbÈ ¦©
E˙J„‚e
§ ¨ ª § ,e¯Ó‡È ¥ Ÿ EÈ˙‡¯B ¤ Ÿ § ÊeÊr ¡ ¤ :‰ÁÈN‡ ¨ ¦ ¨
E˙˜„ˆÂ
§ ¨ § ¦ § ,eÚÈaÈ ¦ © E·eË-·¯§ © ¯ÎÊ ¤ ¤ :‰p¯tÒ‡ ¨¤§ ©£
-I„‚e ¨ § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌeÁ¯Â © § ÔepÁ© :ep¯È ¥ ©§
-Ïk-Ïr
¨ © ÂÈÓÁ¯Â ¨ £ © § ,ÏkI Ÿ © ‰Â‰È-·BË ¨Ÿ § :„ÒÁ̈¤
EÈ„ÈÒÁÂ
¤ ¦ £ © ,EÈNrÓ-Ïk ¤ £ © ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Ee„BÈ :ÂÈNrÓ ¨ £©
E˙¯e·‚e
§ ¨ § ,e¯Ó‡È ¥ Ÿ E˙eÎÏÓ § § © „B·k§ :‰Îeί·È ¨ §¨ §
¨Ÿ
,ÂÈ˙¯e·b § Ì„‡‰ ¨ ¨ ¨ È·Ï ¥ § ¦ | rÈ„B‰Ï © ¦ § :e¯a„È ¥ ©§
˙eÎÏÓ § © ,E˙eÎIÓ § § © :B˙eÎÏÓ § © ¯„‰ © £ „B·Îe §
Ÿ ¨ ¯Bc-IÎa
:¯„ ¨ § EzÏLÓÓe § §© § ¤ ¦ ¨Ÿ
,ÌÈÓÏÚ-Ik̈
-ÏÎI ¨ § Û˜BÊ ¥ § ,ÌÈÏÙp‰-IÎI ¦ § Ÿ © ¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § CÓBÒ ¥
‰z‡Â¨ © § ,e¯aNÈ ¥ © § EÈI‡ ¤ ¥ ÏÎ-ÈÈr Ÿ ¥ ¥ :ÌÈÙeÙk‰ ¦ § ©
,E„È-˙‡
¤ ¨ ¤ Á˙Bt © ¥ :Bzra ¦ § ÌÏ·-˙‡¨ § ¨ ¤ ̉I-Ô˙B ¤¨ ¥
-IÎa ¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ˜Ècˆ ¦ © :ÔBˆ¯¨ ÈÁ-ÏÎI © ¨ § rÈaNÓe © ¦ § ©
ÂÈί„
:ÍÏȇ ‡ ‰Ó˜ Ì˘ (‚ :ÂË „Ó˜ Ì˘ (· :‰ „Ù ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
È˘ÈÏ˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 40

-ÏÎÏ ¨Ÿ § ·B¯˜¨ :ÂÈNrÓ-ÏÎa


¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨ £ © ¨ § „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ § ,ÂÈίc
¨ ¨ §
-ÔBˆ¯§ :˙Ó‡· ¤ ¡ ¤ e‰‡¯˜È ª ¨ § ¦ ¯L‡¤ £ ÏÎI Ÿ § ,Âȇ¯˜ ¨ §Ÿ
:ÌrÈLBÈÂ
¥ ¦ § ÚÓLÈ © § ¦ Ì˙rÂL-˙‡Â
¨ ¨§© ¤ § ,‰NrÈ ¤ £ © Âȇ¯È¨ ¥§
¨ £Ÿ
-Ïk¨ ˙‡Â¥ § ,ÂÈ·‰‡-Ik-˙‡ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯ÓBL ¥
,Èt¦ ¯a„Ȥ © § ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ˙l‰z © ¦ § :„ÈÓLÈ ¦ § © ÌÈrL¯‰̈¦¨ §
:„r¤ ¨ ÌIBÚÏ
¨ § BL„˜ § ¨ ÌL ¥ ¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ C¯·È ¥¨ ¦
:dÈeIω
¨ § © ÌIBÚ-„rÂ
¨ © § ‰zrÓ¨ © ¥ ,dȨ C¯· § © £ Âà©
¥ ¨ § | eÁ‡
:˘È„˜ ȈÁ ı"˘Ï
CÈÏÓÈÂ
¦ § © § d˙eÚ¯Î
¥ § ¦ ‡¯· ¨ § Èc¦ ‡ÓÏra¨ § ¨ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § Lc˜˙È© © § ¦ § lCBz
© © § i1¦
ÔBÎÈiÁa
¥ © § :ÔÓ‡ .dÁÈLÓ ¥ ¦ § ·¯˜È ¥ ¨ ¦ d˜¯et
¥¨ § ÁÓˆÈÂ
© § © § ,d˙eÎIÓ
¥ § ©
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,·È¯˜ ¦ ¨ ÔÓÊ·e
© § ¦ ‡I‚ra
¨ ¨ £ © ,I‡¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-I΄
¥ ¨ § ÈiÁ·e ¥ © § ÔBÎÈÓBÈ·e
¥ §
ÁazLÈÂ
© © § ¦ § C¯a˙È ¥ ¨ § ¦ :‡iÓÏr
¨ © § ¨ ÈÓIrÏe
¥ § ¨ § ÌÏrÏ © ¨ § C¯·Ó © ¨ § ‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § ‡‰È ¥§
‡L„e˜c
¨ § § dÓL ¥ § Il‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‰lr˙ÈÂ
¤ © § ¦ § ¯c‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‡O˙ÈÂ
¥ © § ¦ § ÌÓB¯˙ÈÂ
¨ § ¦ § ¯‡t˙ÈÂ¥ ¨ § ¦§
,‡˙ÓÁÂ
¨ ¨ ¡ ¤ § ‡˙ÁaLz
¨ ¨ § § ª ,‡˙¯ÈL ¨ ¨ ¦ § ‡˙ίa-Ïk
¨ ¨ § ¦ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ‡lrÏ ¨ ¥ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡e‰ Cȯa ¦§
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,‡ÓIra
¨ § ¨ § Ô¯ÈÓ‡c
¨ ¦ £ ©

¥ § ¦ Ó©â :ÌÈt‰
ÔB‡˙p-‰ ¦ ¨ © ˙La ¤ Ÿ eÏ ¨ § ,‰˜„v‰
¨ ¨ § © È„‡¨Ÿ £ Ll§ á
¨ § § ä© :˜cˈp-‰Óe
‰NtÁ ¨© §¦ © ¯a„p-‰Ó
¥ © § © ¯Ó‡p-‰ © Ÿ Óe ©ã
‰ËeLÙ
¨ § EÈÓ § ¦ Èå§ Èk¦ ,EÈχ ¤ ¥ ‰·eL¨ ¨ § ‰¯˜Á ¨Ÿ § © § eÈί„
¥ ¨ §
,EÈÙÏ
¤ ¨ § e‡a¨ ÌÈNrÓ·-‡Ï¦ £ © § Ÿ § „ÒÁ·-‡Ï ¤ ¤ § Ÿ :ÌÈ·L ¦ ¨ Ïa˜I¥ ©§
ÌeÁ¯æ© e˜Ù„ § © ¨ EÈ˙Ïc ¤ ¨ § :EÈ˙I„ ¤ ¨ § e˜Ùc§ © ¨ ÌÈL¯Îe
¦ ¨ § ÌÈl„k¦ ©§
ekÏÓ
¥ § © EÈÙJÓ
¤ ¨ § ¦ :EÈÙlÓ¤ ¨ § ¦ ̘ȯ ¨ ¥ e·ÈLz-χ
¥ ¦ § © ‡¨ ,ÔepÁ ©§
:‰JÙz © ¥ Lç ‰z‡
¨ ¦ § rÓB ¨ © Èk¦ ,e·ÈLz
¥ ¦ § χ© ̘ȯ ¨ ¥
ÚÓ¢
‰Îȇ (‰ :ÊË „Ó ˙È˘‡¯· Ù"Ú („ :ËÏ ‚ ‰Îȇ Ù"Ú (‚ :Ê Ë Ï‡È„ (· :ÁÈ Â˘ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:· ,ÁÎ ˙Âί· (Á : „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ÁÏ˘· ‡ÓÂÁ˙ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ó Ì˘
,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‰ÁÈ˘Ó ·¯˜È ,‡·¯ ‰Ó˘ ˙·È˙‰ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘È„˜· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ (1 ˙‚‰‰
(¯Ó‡ ˙ˆ˜ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ͯ·˙È . . ‰Ó˘ ‡‰È (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁÂ
ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‡Â‰ Íȯ· ‡˘„˜„ ‰Ó˘ (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) Ïω˙È . . Á·˙˘ÈÂ
.(6 'ÓÚ ,ÌÈ‚‰Ó‰ ¯ÙÒ)
‡Î È˘ÈÏ˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 41
Ÿ £ © § ¦ § ¯Na-ÏÎ
˙ÂÁzL‰Ï ¨ ¨ ¨ ‡B·Èá̈ :e‡·È Ÿ ¨ ¯Na-Ïk ¨ ¨ ¨ EÈ„r ¤ ¨ ,‰lÙz ¨ ¦ § ÓnF ©¥ W à
:EÓLI¤ § ¦ e„aÎÈ § © ¦ ,È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ EÈÙÏ £ © § ¦ § | e‡B·Èâ̈ :‰Â‰È
¤ ¨ § eÂÁzLÈ ¨Ÿ § EÈÙI ¤¨§
| ÂȯrL ¨ ¨ § e‡Ÿaä :eNÚ ¥ Ÿ ‰Â‰È-ÈÙÏ ¨Ÿ § ¥ § ¦ ‰Î¯· ¨ § § ¦ ,‰r¯Î ¨ ¨ § ¦ § ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ e‡Ÿaã
¨Ÿ § ¤ eίa
‰Â‰È-˙‡ § ¨ | ‰p¥ ‰å¦ :BÓL § eίa § ¨ BÏ-e„B‰ ,‰l‰˙a ¨ ¦ § ¦ ÂÈ˙¯ˆÁ ¨ Ÿ ¥ £ ‰„B˙a ¨ §
,L„˜ ¤Ÿ Ì΄È-e‡N ¤ ¥§ § :˙BÏÈla ¨Ÿ §
¥ © ‰Â‰È-˙È·a ¥ § ÌÈ„ÓÚ‰ ¦ § Ÿ ¨ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È„·r-Ïk̈¥§ ©
eÓÓB§ ¯ç :ÂÈÏ‚¯ ¨ § © Ì„‰Ï Ÿ £ © ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ ,ÂÈ˙BkLÓÏ ¨ § § ¦ § ‰‡B ¨ ·æ ¨ :‰Â‰È-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ¤ eί·e §¨
eȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eÓÓB § ¯è :‡e‰ LB„˜¨ ,ÂÈÏ‚¯ ¨ § © Ì„‰Ï Ÿ £ © eÂÁzL‰Â £ © § ¦ § eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ §
¨Ÿ © eÂÁzL
‰Â‰ÈÏ £ © § ‰é¦ :eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § LB„˜-Èk ¨ ¦ ,BL„˜ § ¨ ¯‰Ï © § eÂÁzL‰Â £ © § ¦§
‡B·¨ EcÒÁ § § © ·¯a Ÿ § eÁ‡ § © £ Âë© :ı¯‡‰-Ïk¤ ¨ ¨ ¨ ÂÈtÓ ¨ ¨ ¦ eIÈÁ¦ ,L„˜-˙¯„‰a ¤Ÿ © §© §
ÏÎȉ-χ
© ¥ ¤ ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ì¦ :E˙‡¯Èa ¤ ¨ § ¦ § EL„˜-ÏÎȉ-χ
§ § ¨ © ¥ ¤ ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ ,E˙È· ¤ ¥
-Ïk-Ïr
¨ © zÏc‚‰-Èk ¨ § © § ¦ ¦ ,EzÓ‡-Ir ¤ ¦ £ © § EcÒÁ-Ïr § § © © EÓL-˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ‰„B ¤ § EL„˜ § §¨
E˙eÓ‡Â
§ ¨ ¡ ¤ ,dȨ | ÔÈÒÁ ¦ £ EBÓÎ-ÈÓ ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ | ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ îȧ :E˙¯Ó‡ ¤ ¨ § ¦ EÓL § ¦
:ÌÈI‡ ¦ ¥ È·a ¥ § ¦ ‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨Ÿ © ‰Ó„È ¤ § ¦ ,‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨Ÿ © C¯rÈ Ÿ £ © ˜ÁM· © © © ÈÓ¦ Èkð¦ :EÈ˙B·È·Ò ¤ ¦ §
ÏB„‚-È ¨ kò¦ :Ec·I ¤ © § Ìȉχ ¦ Ÿ ¡ ‰z‡ ¨ © ,˙B‡IÙ ¨ § ¦ ‰NÚ ¥ Ÿ § ‰z‡ ¨ © IB„‚-È ¨ kñ¦
Ÿ § Ïl‰Óe
,„‡Ó ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„bô̈ :EzÓ‡ ¤ ¦ £ ÌȘÁL-„r ¦ ¨ § © § ,EcÒÁ ¤ § © ÌÈÓL-ÏrÓ ¦© ¨ ©¥
‡e‰ ‡¯B ¨ ,„‡Ó Ÿ § Ïl‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„‚¨ Èkö¦ :¯˜Á ¤ ¥ Ôȇ¥ B˙l„‚Ï ¨ ª§ ¦ §
¯L¤ ‡£ø :Ìȉχ-Ïk-Ïr¦ Ÿ ¡ ¨ © IB„b¨ CÏÓe ¤ ¤ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„b¨ χ¥ Èk÷¦ :Ìȉχ-Ïk-Ir ¦Ÿ ¡ ¨ ©
‡G ÈÓù¦ :E˙¯e·‚Π¤ Ÿ § ¦ § EÈNrÓÎ ¤ £ © § ‰NrÈ-¯L‡ ¤ £ © ¤ £ ı¯‡·e ¤ ¨ ¨ ÌÈÓMa ¦ © ¨ © χ-ÈÓ ¥ ¦
Ì˙eÎÏÓ-Ïηe
¨ § © ¨ § ÌÈBb‰ ¦ © ÈÓÎÁ-Ïη ¥ § © ¨ § Èk¦ ,‰˙‡È ¨ ¨ ¨ Eϧ Èk¦ ÌÈBb‰ ¦ © CÏÓ ¤ ¤ E‡¯È £ ¨¦
Eϧà :‰¯e·‚a ¨ § ¦ EÓL § ¦ ÏB„‚ ¨ § ‰z‡ ¨ © ÏB„b¨ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EBÓk¨ Ôȇ¥ Óú¥ :EBÓk¨ ÔÈ‡Ó ¥ ¥
‰z‡ ¨ © ,‰ÏÈI ¨ § ¨ EI-Û‡ § © ÌBÈ Eϧá :EÈÓÈ ¤ ¦ § Ìe¯z¨ E„ȧ ¨ ÊÚz Ÿ ¨ ,‰¯e·b-Ìr ¨ § ¦ rB¯Ê © §
:BÏ Ìȯ‰ ¦ ¨ ˙ÙrB˙ Ÿ £ § ,ı¯‡-ȯ˜ÁÓ ¤ ¨ ¥ § § ¤ B„Èa ¨ § ¯L ¤ ‡£â :LÓL ¤ ¨ ¨ ¯B‡Ó¨ ˙BÈΉ ¨ ¦£
‰l„b‰
¨ ª § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Eϧä :B˙J‰z-Ïk ¨ ¦ § ¨ rÈÓLÈ © ¦ § © ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ˙B¯e·b§ IlÓÈ ¥ © § ÈÓã¦
¨Ÿ § Eϧ ,ı¯‡·e
‰Â‰È ¤ ¨ ¨ ÌÈÓMa ¦ © ¨ © ÏÎ-Èk Ÿ ¦ ,„B‰‰Â © § Áˆp‰Â © ¥ © § ˙¯‡Ùz‰Â ¤ ¤ § ¦ © § ‰¯e·b‰Â ¨ §©§
Ï·z
¥ ¥ ,ı¯‡ ¤ ¨ EI-Û‡ § © ÌÈÓL ¦ © ¨ Eϧ å :L‡¯Ï Ÿ § | ÏÎÏ Ÿ § ‡O˙n‰Â ¥ © § ¦ © § ,‰ÎIÓn‰ ¨¨ § © ©
Û¯Á¤Ÿ ¨ ıȘ ¦ © ,ı¯‡ ¤ ¨ ˙BÏe·b-Ïk § ¨ z·v‰ ¨ § © ¦ ‰z¨ ‡©æ :Ìz„ÒÈ ¨ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ © d‡ÏÓe ¨Ÿ §
:ÌÈiˆÏ ¦ ¦ § ÌrÏ © § IÎ‡Ó ¨ £ © epzz ¤ § ¦ ,Ô˙ÈÂÏ ¨ ¨ § ¦ ÈL‡¯ ¥ ¨ zˆv¯ ¨ § © ¦ ‰z¨ ‡ç© :Ìz¯ˆÈ ¨ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ ©
¨ § © ‰z¨ ‡è© :Ô˙ȇ
z¯¯BÙ ¨ ¥ ˙B¯‰ £ © zL·B‰
¨ § © ‰z‡ ¨ © ,ÏÁÂ © ¨ ¨ ÔÈrÓ¨ § © zr˜· ¨ § © ¨ ‰z‡ ¨ ©
êÊÚ·
:„ ˜ Ì˘ (‰ : ‰ˆ Ì˘ („ :Ë ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚Î ÂÒ ‰ÈÚ˘È (· :‚ ‰Ò ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
Á ‰ Ì˘ (Î :Ë Âˆ Ì˘ (È :Ë Ì˘ (Ë :‰ ˈ Ì˘ (Á :Ê ·Ï˜ Ì˘ (Ê :·-‡ „Ϙ Ì˘ (Â
:‰ Á˜ Ì˘ (Ú :È ÂÙ Ì˘ (Ò :Ê Ì˘ ( :Ë ËÙ Ì˘ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ÁϘ Ì˘ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
:Â Ì˘ (˙ :Ê È ‰ÈÓ¯È (˘ :„Î ‚ Ìȯ·„ (¯ :‚ ‰ˆ Ì˘ (˜ :„ ˆ Ì˘ (ˆ :‚ ‰Ó˜ Ì˘ (Ù
:‡È ËÎ ‡-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ (‰ :· ˜ Ì˘ („ :„ ‰ˆ Ì˘ (‚ :ÊË „Ú Ì˘ (· :„È ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (‡
:‚È Ì˘ (Ë :ÂË-„È Ì˘ (Á :ÊÈ „Ú Ì˘ (Ê :·È ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (Â
È˘ÈÏ˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 42
,Ìi‰
¨ © ˙e‡‚a ¥ § ÏLBÓ ¥ ‰z¨ ‡à© :ÌÈn‰-Ïr
¦ ¨ © © ÌÈÈp˙ ¦ ¦ © ÈL‡¯
¥ ¨ z¯aL ¨ § © ¦ ,ÌȨ Efr· §¨ §
¥ Ÿ ¡ ¯Èra
eȉχ ¦ § ,„‡Ó Ÿ § ÏJ‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„bá̈ :ÌÁaL˙ ¥ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ © ÂÈl‚ ¨ © ‡BNa§
¦ Ÿ ¡ ¨ ‡e‰-‰z‡
Ìȉχ‰ ¨ © ÌÈ·¯k‰ ¦ ª § © ·LÈ ¥ Ÿ χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ È⧠:BL„˜-¯‰ §¨ ©
e„BÈä§ :ÂÈ·È·Ò-Ïk-Ïr
¨ ¦ § ¨ © ‡¯B ¨ § ,‰a¯ ¦Ÿ §
¨ © ÌÈL„˜-„BÒa § ı¯r ¨ £ © χ㥠:Ec·Ï ¤©§
¨Ÿ © ‰p¯
,‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨ § © § eÎϧ å :ÌÈL„˜ ¦ Ÿ § ω˜a © § ¦ E˙eÓ‡-Û‡§ ¨ ¡ © ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § E‡Ït £ § ¦ ÌÈÓL ¦© ¨
˜„¤ ˆ¤æ :BÏ rȯ © ¦ ¨ ˙B¯ÓÊa ¦ § ¦ ,‰„B˙a ¨ § ÂÈÙ ¨ ¨ ‰Óc˜ ¨ § © § :erLÈ ¥ § ¦ ¯eˆÏ§ ‰rȯ ¨ ¦¨
˜ÈzÓ¦ § © ÂcÁÈ ¨ § © ¯L ¤ ‡£ç :EÈÙ ¤ ¨ eÓc˜È § © § ˙Ӈ ¤ ¡ ¤ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ,E‡Òk ¤ § ¦ ÔBÎÓ§ ËtLÓe ¨ § ¦
˙LaÈÂ
¤ ¤ © § ,e‰Nr ¨ ¨ ‡e‰Â§ Ìi‰ ¨ © BÏ-¯L ¤ ‡£è :L‚¯a ¤ ¨ § Cl‰¥ © § Ìȉχ ¦ Ÿ ¡ ˙È·a ¥ § ,„BÒ
CϨ ‰ÓLp‰ ¨ ¨ § © :Lȇ-¯Na-Ïk ¦ © § ¨ Áe¯Â © § ,ÈÁ-Ïk ¨ ¨ LÙ ¤ ¤ B„Èa ¨ § ¯L ¤ ‡£é :e¯ˆÈ ¨ ¨ ÂȄȨ¨
‰Nr¥ £ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èë§ ,ClL ¨ ¤ Ûeb‰Â © § CI¨ ‰ÓLp‰ ¨ ¨ § © :CÏÓr ¨ ¨ £ Ïr© ‰ÒeÁ ¨ ,CÏrt
¨ ¢ ¨ Ûeb‰Â ©§
„B·k§ ¯e·ra £ © :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èë§ EÓL § ¦ Ïr© e‡˙‡ ¨ ¨ :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ ©©§
¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒÂ
Èk¦ eÂrÏ ¨ § © ¨ § ,‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § EÓL-Ôr§ ¦ © ÓÏ î© § :EÓL ¤ § ÌeÁ¯Â © § ÔepÁ-χ© ¥ Èk ì ¦ ,EÓL § ¦
:‡e‰-·¯©
.eÈ‚L
¦ ¨ ezÏe‡ Ÿ § Èk¦ ,eÈ·‡
¥ § © ¦ ·¯a ¦ ¨ eÏ-ÁÏÒ
¨ © §
¥Ÿ £ ea¯© Èk¦ ,ekÏÓ
:eÈÂr ¥ § © eI-ÏÁÓ
¨ © §
ÌÈrL¦ ¨ § ¦ e‡¨ EÈ˙B˜„ˆ-ÏrÂ
¤ § ¦ © § .ÌÈÁeË· ¦ § e‡¨ ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr¤ £ © © iMð¦
CÏÓ
¤ ¤ ‡e‰ ‰z‡ ¨ © :ÌÈtˆÓ¦ © § e‡¨ E˙reLÈÏÂ
§ ¨ ¦ § ÌÈe˜Ó
¦ © § e‡¨ EÈ˙BÁÈÏÒϤ ¦ §¦§
˙¯Bk ¥ .Âȇ¯È ¨ ¥ § ˙‡hÁ Ÿ © ¯ÈÒÓe ¦ ¥ ,Bnr© ˙BÂr Ÿ £ ¯È·rÓ ¦ £ © .Ì„wÓ ¤ ¤ ¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ·‰B ¥ ‡ñ
Ôra
© £ © z„¯iL¨ § © ¨ ¤ ‡e‰ ‰z¨ ‡ò© :ÌÈB¯Á‡Ï ¦ £ © ¨ ‰re·L ¨ § Ìi˜Óe ¥ © § ,ÌÈBL‡¯I¦ ¦ ¨ ˙ȯa ¦§
-˙BÁ¯‡Â § ¨ § .Ec·r ¤ § © ‰LÓϤ Ÿ § E·eË § Èί„
¥ § © ˙ȇ¯‰Â
¨ ¥ § ¤ § ÈÈÒ © ¦ ¯‰-Ïr © © E„B·k ¤ §
ÌÈt‡¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χô¥ ‰z‡ ¨ © Èk¦ Bzr„B‰Â § © § .BÏ ˙Èlb ¨ ¦ ¦ EÈ„ÒÁ ¤¨ £
ÔÎÂ¥ § :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ ˙cÓa © ¦ § Blkª ÌÏBÚ‰ ¨ ¨ ‚ȉÓe ¦ § © .·ÈˉI ¦ ¥ § ‰a¯Óe ¤ § © „ÒÁ-·¯Â ¤ ¤ ©§
‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ÌL· ¥ § È˙‡¯˜Â¦ ¨ ¨ § EÈt-Ïr
¤ ¨ © È·eË-Ïk¦ ¨ ¯È·r‡ ¦ £ © È‡ ¦ £ ¯Ó‡i ¤ Ÿ Âö© ,·e˙k¨
:ÌÁ¯‡¥ © £ ¯L‡-˙‡
¤ £ ¤ ÈzÓÁ¯Â ¦ § © ¦ § ÔÁ‡Ÿ ¨ ¯L‡-˙‡ ¤ £ ¤ È˙pÁ ¦ Ÿ © § ,EÈÙÏ
¤¨§
C¯„ ¤ ¤ § ,˙‡¯˜¨ ¥ § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ Ïr© ·e ©÷ ‰z‡ ¨ © ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯¤ ‡¤ô l`¥
Ÿ § ¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁÂ
ÌBi‰© ¯kÊz ¤ ¨ £ © EÈÓÁ¯
¤ £ © ˙l„b
© ª § :˙ȯB‰
¨ ¥ ‰·eLz ¨ §
‰z‡
¨ © Èk¦ ,ÌÈÓÁ¯a¦ £ © § eÈI‡
¥ ¥ ÔÙz
¤ ¥ :EÈ„È„È
¤ ¦ § Ú¯ÊÏ
© ¤ § ÌBÈ-Iηe
¨ §
,Ìc˜
¥ © § EÈt ¤ ¨ ‰JÙ˙·e
¨ ¦ § ¦ ÔeÁ˙a
£ © § :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰
¦ £ © ¨ Ïra © © ‡e‰
˙ڄ‰Î
Ì˘ (‰ :Á ËÙ ÌÈω˙ („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ËÈ ·-ÌÈÎÏÓ (‚ :· ÁÓ Ì˘ (· :È ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
‰ÈÓ¯È (Î :È ·È ·Âȇ (È :‰ ‰ˆ Ì˘ (Ë :ÂË ‰ Ì˘ (Á :ÂË ËÙ Ì˘ (Ê :·-‡ ‰ˆ Ì˘ ( :Â
Ù"Ú (Ò :ÁÈ Ë Ï‡È„ Ù"Ú ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡È ‰Î ÌÈω˙ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡Ï Ë ‰ÈÓÁ (Ï :Ê „È
:ÂË ,Ê ‰·¯ ˙ω˜ (˜ :ËÈ ‚Ï Ì˘ (ˆ :Â Ì˘ (Ù :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ ‰‡¯ (Ú :Ê ‡È ÌÈω˙
·Î È˘ÈÏ˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 43
E˙¯B˙a
§ ¨ § BÓk§ ,·eL Et‡ § © ÔB¯Á£ Ó¥à :Ì„wÓ¤ ¤ ¦ ÂrÏ
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © §
¨Ÿ § „¯i
‰Â‰È ¤ ¥Ââ© ÌBÈk§ ,ÔBI˙Â
¨ § ¦ § ‰ÒÁ ¤ ¡ ¤ EÈÙk
¤ ¨ § Iˆ¥ ·e ᧠:·e˙k¨
Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙i ¥ © § ¦ Ââ© ÌBÈk§ ,ÌL‡
¨ ¨ ‰ÁÓ˙¤ § ¦ § ÚLt-Ir
© ¤ © ¯·r Ÿ £ zã© :Ôra
¨¨ ¤
‡¯˜i¨ § ¦ Ââ© ÌBÈk§ ,¯Ó‡Ó ¨ £ © epÓ¤ ·ÈL˜˙ ¦ § © § e˙rÂL
¥ ¨ § © ÔÈʇz ¦ £ © :ÌL ¨
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § ,‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ÌL¥ ·1§
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰

‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Âä©
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âå§
¨ © kæ¦ :erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨ © § ·BË È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
˜„ˆa
¤ ¤ § EÓL· § ¦ § ‡¯B˜-ÔÈ¥ ‡è¥ :Ôȇ ¦ ¨ Ì„‡a ¨ ¨ ¨ ¯LȨ ¨ § ı¯‡‰-ÔÓ
¤ ¨ ¨ ¦ „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ ca© `ç̈
eqÙ-Èk
© ¦ „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ ¯Ó‚-Èk
© ¨ ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰rÈLB ¨ ¦ ‰é :Ca¨ ˜ÈÊÁ‰I ¦ £ © § ¯¯BÚ˙Ó¥ § ¦
¦ kì¦ :¯B‡-‰‡¯
-Ìr-È ¤ § ¦ E¯B‡a
§ § ÌÈiÁ ¦ © ¯B˜Ó§ Enr-È § ¦ kë¦ :Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ÈaÓ
¥ § ¦ ÌÈeÓ‡
¦ ¡
¨ Ÿ Ÿ £ ÏkÓ
:ÂÈ˙Âr Ÿ ¦ χ¯NÈ-˙‡
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¤ ‰cÙÈ ¤ § ¦ ‡e‰Â§ :˙e„Ù§ Bnr¦ ‰a¯‰Â ¥ § © § ,„ÒÁ‰ ¨Ÿ §
¤ ¤ © ‰Â‰È
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ Ï©ð :eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr ¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mî§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èñ§ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί·¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr § © ©
¨Ÿ Èô§ :Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡ ¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ òȧ :‰IÒ ¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰
¨ ¦

‰˙‡N
¨ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡ÎÂ
¤ £ © § .EcÒÁ ¤Ÿ § ‰f‰
¤ § © Ï„‚k ¤ © Ìr‰ Ÿ £ © ‡-ÁÏ
¨ ¨ ÔÂrÏ ¨ © Òö§
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § :‰p‰-„rÂ
¨ ¥ © § ÌȯˆnÓ
¦ © § ¦ ¦ ‰f‰
¤ © ÌrÏ̈¨
¯Ó‡ÈÂ
:ÁÈ Ê ‰ÎÈÓ Ù"Ú („ :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‚ :Á ÂÏ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·È ·Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:(ÈÂÈ˘·)  „Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ë :· Ì˘ ‰ÎÈÓ (Á :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (Ê :Ë Ì˘ ( :Ê-Â Ì˘ ˙ÂÓ˘ (‰
:Á ÂÓ Ì˘ (Ò :Ë ‚ Ì˘ ( :‚È ‚˜ Ì˘ (Ó :Á-Ê Ï˜ Ì˘ (Ï :È ÂÏ Ì˘ (Î :· ·È ÌÈω˙ (È
:ËÈ „È ¯·„Ó· (ˆ :È Î Ì˘ (Ù :‚È „Ù Ì˘ (Ú
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
È˘ÈÏ˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 44

:LxacM
¤ ¨ § ¦ iYglq
¦ § © ¨ dedi
¨Ÿ § xn`I
¤ Ÿ eà©
¯Èr‰Â ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ‰‡¯e
¦ ¨ § ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ¥ § EÈÈr¤ ¥ Á˜t© § ,ÚÓLe
¨ § Eʇ § § ¨ | ȉχ© Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰á©
ÌÈIÈtÓ
¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ir
¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ | Èk¦ ,‰ÈÏr¨ ¤ ¨ EÓL § ¦ ‡¯˜-¯L‡
¨§¦ ¤ £
,‰ÁÏÒ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr
¤ £ © © Èk¦ ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § eÈeÁz
¥ £ ©
‡¯˜
¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk
§ ¦ ¦ ,ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ErÓÏ
§ © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ
© © § © ,‰Nr ¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰
¨ ¦ § © È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © © § E¯Èr-Ïr
§ ¦ ©
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
˙a© .E˙cÓr ¤ ¨ § ¤ ˙ˆr © £ © E˙‡˜§ ¨ § ¦ ‰i¥‡©â .E˙cÓ ¤ ¨ ¦ ¯Na ¨ ¨ ˙cÓk © ¦ § oi`¥
:E˙cÓˆÏ ¤ ¨ § ¦ § Ôȇ ¥ § ÌÈB„‡ ¦ £ ‰eIr ¨ ¨ a㧠.E˙cÓÁ ¤ ¨ § ¤ ˙È·I ¥ § z¯¯a ¨ § ©¥
‚¯‰ ¤ ¤ ÔÈc¦ .˙Ò¯„ ¤ ¤ § ¦ Cȇ¥ È„B¯ ¦ IrBb ¥ .˙Ò¯B‡Ó ¤ ¤ § È‡ ¦ £ È„B„Ï ¦ § ,‰rBb ¨
.ÁeIL
© ¨ ¯ÙÒ ¤ ¥ ÈÏa ¦ § ̇‰ ¥ ¨ :˙Ò‡ ¤ ¤ ¡ ¤ Èk¦ Ìb© ‰ÈeÁc ¨ § .˙Ò˜Ó ¤ ¤ § © dÓˆrÏ ¨ § ©§
ÔÈr
¨ § Óe ä© .ÁeIÓk
© ¨ § ¯˜Ù‰ ¥ § ¤ ÏeÚ¨ Ô‚Â ä© § .ÁelL
© ¦ ÈIa ¦ § „·B‡ ¥ ÌB˙Èk ¨ § Ôa‰ ¥©
‰zr ¨ © L„˜ ¤Ÿ È¯Ê ¥ ¥ .Cet‰Ï ¦ § ‰zr ¨ © § Ú‚¯k © ¤ § Ìr© Ê©å :ÁeÏc© ¨ Òt¯ © § ¦ Ìe˙Á¨
:Ceta© ˙r¯B˜k © © § ‰·eÊr ¨ £ © ‰·eLÁ ¨ £ .Cet‰© Ô¯˜k ¤ ¤ § r¯ © ¥ ˙aÁ © ¦ .CetLI ¦ §
̘ ¨ ¨ ÌBÈç .C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÈÏaÓ ¦ § ¦ ‰kÓ ¨ © ‰i¯ ¨ ¦ Ëæ§ .C¯tÓ ¤ ¤ ¦ ˙Èp¯B„˜¦ © § ¯‡Bz‰ © © ·BË
ÏÈLΉ ¦ § ¦ Ïaq‰ ¨ © © Á© Ÿké :C¯Á ¤ ¤ ÌzÁ © § ¤ ÌelL ¦ ÌBÈè .C¯c ¤ ¤ ÌzÒ ©§ ¦
.ÏËÏËÓe
¥ § © § „¨ rBb¯ÓÏ © § © § ‡Ï Ÿ .ÏËwÓ ¤ ¤ ¦ ¯‡Lp‰ ¨ § ¦ © ÏeÁL ¨ § IeÒkë̈ .ÏË ¤¤
recÓ
© © ÒÓ¯Ó ¨ § ¦ .ÔM„Ó‰ ¨ ª § © ÔÓL ¥ ¨ Ô¯˜ ¤ ¤ ÚhÓ © © :ÏËB ¥ ¯Á‡Â ¥ © § r‚ÈÂ
© ¥ ¨ § ÏÓrÏ ¥ ¨§
˙B¯tî̈ ÁBÏLÓI © § ¦ § BÚË § ¦ .ÔLÈȨ ¦ ‡ŸÏì ‰ÏrÓÏ ¨ § © § ¯ˆB ¥ .ÔL·Î ¨ § ¦ ÈÏe¯Ák ¥ £©
.˙ÙËÁ ¤ ¤ ¡ ¤ § ÔB¯˙i-‰ § ¦ Óñ© ˙Á¯BÒ © © .˙Ù˘ © ¤ ө𠉘¯BN
¤ ¤ § ¦ § Úˆa-‰ ¨ ¥ :ÔLa‰ ¨ ¨©
˙lrt © ª § :˙ÙËL ¤ ¤ § ¦ d˙·‰‡ ¨ ¨ £ © ‰Ó-Ir ¨ © .˙ÙËBË ¤ ¤ § ‰˜e˜Á ¨ £ „È-Ir © ©
‰ÙBˆ ¤ .˙ÎÏB‰Â
¤ ¤ § ‰a¯ ¨ © ¯ÎN ¨ ¨ ˙rȯt © ¦ § .˙·ÏÓ ¤ ¤ § ËeÚÓ¦ ÌÈ·B¯‰̈ ¦
L„¤Ÿ˜ò :˙ÎÓÒ ¤ ¤ § ¦ ˙¯Á‡Â ¤ ¤ © § ‰„e˜t ¨ § ‰¯ˆ ¨ ¨ .˙ÎLÓ ¤ ¤ § ¦ ‰zr ¨ © § ˙Bt‰ ¨ ¦
Áe¯
© .ÌȯBÚNk
¦ § ¦ ÌÈÈe¯Ê ¦ § ı¯‡-Ȉ ¤ ¤ ¥ § ˜ô© .ÌȯrL ¦ ¨ § ˙Ó¯r © ¥ £ ˙ÈL‡¯ ¦ ¥
‰BÓ¨ L §ö :ÌȯrÒ¦ ¨ § ¦ § ÌÈÒ ¦ ¨ ˙ËÓL ¤ ¤ § ¦ ÛB„¯§ .ÌȯrÈ ¦ ¨ § ÈÏra¥ £ © ˙·MÓ ¤¤©§
ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § .‰l‡Î ¤ ¥ ¨ § ‰l‡Ó ¤ ¥ ¥ ‰l‡ ¤ ¥ eÓÏL § ¨ .‰l‡‰ ¤ ¥ ¨ ˙Bχ‰ ¨ ¨ ÌÈrL˙ ¦ § ¦§
Âˆ·˜˙
¯È˘ Ù"Ú (‰ :‚È ÂÎ Ì˘ Ù"Ú („ :ÂË ‚Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È (‚ :ËÈ-ÁÈ Ë Ï‡È„ (· :Î „È ¯·„Ó· (‡ ‡"Â˙
Ë Ú˘Â‰ Ù"Ú (Ë :Á „Ï Ì˘ (Á : ‡ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ê :‡ ,Ê ˙Âί· ‰‡¯ ( :·È „ ÌÈ¯È˘‰
:‡ „ ÒÂÓÚ (Ó :„ ‡Î˜ ÌÈω˙ (Ï :Ê ‰˘Ó  ˜¯Ù ˙¯Âη Ù"Ú (Î :„ „ ‰ÈÓÁ (È :Ê
:‡È ÁÓ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (Ù :‚ · ‰ÈÓ¯È Ù"Ú (Ú :‚ ‡ ˙ω˜ Ù"Ú (Ò :ÂÎ ÊÏ ˙È˘‡¯· Ù"Ú (
:·È ËÎ Ìȯ·„ ÁÈ ËÎ ¯·„Ó· È"˘¯ ‰‡¯ (ˆ
‚Î È˘ÈÏ˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 45
˙BNrÏ ¨Ÿ § ÏÈc‚‰
£ © ‰Â‰È ¦ § ¦ ÌÈBb·
¦ © e¯Ó‡È§ Ÿ ʇà̈ .‰l‡
¤ ¥ ˙B¯wÓ
¨ § ¦ eˆa˜z
¥§ © §
:‰l‡-Ìr
¤ ¥ ¦
ÏÁBÓ
¥ ,˙e„ÈÒÁa ¦ £ © ‚‰˙Óe¥ © § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © ‡qk ¥ ¦ Ïr© ·LB ¤ ¤ l`¥
¥ Èá CÏÓ
‰IÈÁÓ
¨ ¦ § ‰a¯Ó
¤ § © ,ÔBL‡¯¦ ÔBL‡¯¦ ¯È·r ¦ £ Ó©â ,Bnr© ˙BÂrŸ£
¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ Ìr¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ‰N ¤ ŸÚã ,ÌÈrLBtI
¦ § © ‰ÁÈÏÒe ¨ ¦ § ÌȇËÁÏ
¦ ¨£©
LGL§ ¯ÓBÏ © el¨ ˙ȯB¨ ¥ ‰ä I‡¥ .ÏBÓ‚z § ¦ Ì˙r¯Î ¨ ¨ ¨ § ‡ÏŸ ,Áe¯Â
© §
ÂrI
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © § ,‰¯Nr ¥ § ¤ LŸÏL§ ˙ȯa ¦ § ÌBi‰© eI-¯ÎÊ ¨ ¨ § ,‰¯Nr¥§ ¤
ÌL¨ Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙iÂ
¥ © § ¦ © Ôra¨ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § „¯i ¤ ¥Â©å ·e˙kL ¨ ¤ BÓk§ ,Ì„wÓ¤¤ ¦
¨Ÿ § ÌL
:‰Â‰È ¥ ·1§ ‡¯˜i ¨ § ¦©
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰

‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Â©æ
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âç§
¨ © kè¦ :erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨Ÿ £
¨ © § ·BË È„‡
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ Ï©ë :eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mé§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èì§ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί·
¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr§ © ©
¨Ÿ Èð§ :Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡
¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨Ÿ îȧ :‰IÒ
¨ § ‰Â‰ Ÿ £ © ȉχ
¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ ¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰
¨ ¦

‰˙‡N
¨ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡ÎÂ
¤ £ © § .EcÒÁ ¤Ÿ § ‰f‰
¤ § © Ï„‚k ¤ © Ìr‰ Ÿ £ © ‡-ÁÏ
¨ ¨ ÔÂrÏ ¨ © Òñ§
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § :‰p‰-„rÂ
¨ ¥ © § ÌȯˆnÓ
¦ © § ¦ ¦ ‰f‰
¤ © ÌrÏ̈¨
¯Ó‡ÈÂ
:(ÈÂÈ˘·)  ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ („ :‡ ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ (‚ : ,ËÎ ‰·¯ ‡¯˜È (· :· ÂΘ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (Ë :Ë Ì˘ (Á :Ê-Â Ì˘ (Ê :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ ( :· ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ‰‡¯ (‰
:ËÈ „È ¯·„Ó· (Ò :È Î Ì˘ ( :‚È „Ù Ì˘ (Ó :Á ÂÓ Ì˘ (Ï :Ë ‚ Ì˘ (Î :‚È ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (È
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
È˘ÈÏ˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 46

:LxacM
¤ ¨ § ¦ iYglq
¦ § © ¨ dedi
¨Ÿ § xn`I
¤ Ÿ eà©
¯Èr‰Â ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ‰‡¯e
¦ ¨ § ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ¥ § EÈÈr¤ ¥ Á˜t© § ,ÚÓLe
¨ § Eʇ § § ¨ | ȉχ© Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰á©
ÌÈIÈtÓ
¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ir
¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ | Èk¦ ,‰ÈÏr¨ ¤ ¨ EÓL § ¦ ‡¯˜-¯L‡
¨§¦ ¤ £
,‰ÁÏÒ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr
¤ £ © © Èk¦ ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § eÈeÁz
¥ £ ©
‡¯˜
¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk
§ ¦ ¦ ,ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ErÓÏ
§ © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ
© © § © ,‰Nr ¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰
¨ ¦ § © È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © © § E¯Èr-Ïr
§ ¦ ©
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
.‰¯˜È ¨ ¨ § È·ÊBÚ
¥ § ÌȄʦ ¥ Èe˜LrÈ-Ï ¦ § © © aã© .‡¯˜‡ ¨ § ¤ EÈχ ¤ ¥ ‡¯È‡ ¨ ¦ ÌBÈ ip¦ ` £â
̇BIÓ
¨ § Ïer ¨ © § ÚL¯ ¨ ¨ ÔÈc¦ .d¯˜·Ï ¨ § © § ·L ¥ ̉I ¤ ¨ ·ÈL‰I ¦ ¨ § ÏeÓbä§
ÌL¥ ÏÈb¯‰Ïe ¦ § © § .„aÎp‰ ¨ § ¦ © L„˜ ¤Ÿ ÌL ¥ ÁÈkL‰Ï © ¦ § © § ÌÈ·LBÁ‰ ¦ § © :‡¯˜È ¨§¦
CBNÁ£ .„a‡ ¨ ¦ Ìr© È·eË ¥ Ìk¯c ¨ § © ‰Ê¤ .„·‡ ¨ ¡ ¤ § ‰Ï˜ ¤ § ¦ ÌÈÏÈχ‰̈ ¦ ¦ ¡
.¯a„Ók¨ ª § ¦ e„nÏ § ¦ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ Û¯Ë ¤ ¤ ÛB¯Ëæ§ :„a‰ ¨ © ˙È·a ¥å § ÌL˙k ¥ § ¨ *¯‡M‰ ¨ § ©
.¯·c ¨ ¨ e¯crÈ § © § ‡ŸÏÂ è § eIk¨ ËrÓk © § ¦ .¯a„na ¨ § ¦ © ¯˜Ù‰ ¥ § ¤ Ïrk © § ϯB‚ ¨ ecÈç©
.‰i„Ï
¨ § © § EÈ˙BcÓ ¤ ¦ ¯Á‡ © © ¯‰¯‰È¥ § © § ÈÓ¦ :¯ac ¨ © „ÒÁa ¤ ¤ § ÔB„‡¨ EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © ÈÏeÏ
¥
·¯¤Á¤é ‰ËÓL ¨ § § ¦ § e¯rBÒ § © § e¯Ò § © .‰iÊϨ § © § ÂȈÏÁÓ¨ ¨ £ ¥ ·ÈL‰I ¦ ¨ § CÁÎB ¨ §
Ïra
© © ÈzIBÎÈ ¦ § ¨ ¯Ó‡È-Ô © Ÿ të¤ :‰BÈÏr‰-Ir ¨ § ¤ ¨ © E„È § ¨ § ÔÈc‰ ¦ © Enr § ¦ .‰Bi‰ ¨ ©
˙L © § ÌpÁ ¨ ¦ ȯeÎÓ ¥ § ‡¯˜ ¨ § .ËBn‡¤ Èkë¦ eÏÈ‚È ¦ ¨ ‰„e‰È ¨ § ȯˆ ¥ ¨ .ËBn‰©
Bϧ Ì„B˜ ¥ E¯Ë §¨L §ì :ËBӘȠ§ ¦ § ¯BÁ‡¨ ‚BqȦ „Ȩ ËLBt‰ ¥ © ÚL¯ ¨ ¨ .ËBÓL ¨
ÈÓeÁz
¥ § .ÌÈL˜ ¦ ¨ ÌÈB„ ¦ ‡£î ea¯ « © ˜ÈÁ¯‰Ï ¦ § © § C„earL ¨ § ¦ .ÌÈLw·Ó ¦ § © § ÌÈLB ¦
˙BÏÈÏÓ ¦ § ‰reIa ¨ § zLc˜ ¨ § © ¦ ‰‡e·z ¨ § .ÌÈLw·Ó ¦ § © § ¯B˜rÏ £ © EȯˆÓ ¤ ¨ § ÈnÒ
¥¨ ¦
ÏÏBÚ
¥ BÓϨ .ÌÓÈL‡‰Â ¥ ¦ £ © § ̉ÈÏr ¤ ¥ £ ‡·z Ÿ ¨ ‰r¯ ¨ ¨ ËÙL ¤ ¤ :ÌÈM˜Â ¦ ©§
.ÌÓÈL‚‰
¥ ¦ § © ÁtÓ © © ÈÁt ¥ © ÌÒBk ¨ ˙¨ Óð§ .ÌÓÈLÈ ¥ ¦ § „·BÎa ¤ § ÏÏBÚ˙‰Â ¥ § ¦§
CÂ¨ ¨ ˙¯ÈË © ¦ ˙ȯ˜ © § ¦ ¯Èr‰ ¦ ¨ :ÌÓL‰Â ¥ § © § ˙ȯa ¦ § -̘© ñ§ ÌÈ˙r·L
¦ © ¨ § ¦ Ì·ÈL‰ ¥ ¦ £
·¯© ‰z‡Â ¨ © § ezIÁB˙ ¥§ © Ea§ .eω˜ ¥ ¨ § ¯B·rI £ © C¯c ¤ ¤ ÌÈÏe‡b¦ § ÌȨ .eω ¥ £©
:eÈÏr¥ ¨ EcÒÁ-ȉ§ § © ¦ Èò§ ‡¨ eÓÁ ¥ £ © .eÏÏBÁÓ ¥§ §
È·ÏÓ
.„a‰
» « ˙È·a
≈ ¿ Ìb« ˙ÎlÓ
∆ ∆ ƒ ¯‡M‰
» ¿ « :‡" (*
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·Î˜ ËȘ Ì˘ („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) „ Â ÌÈω˙ (‚ :ËÈ-ÁÈ Ë Ï‡È„ (· :Î „È ¯·„Ó· (‡ ‡"Â˙
:‚ „ χÂÈ Ù"Ú (Á :‚ ËÈ Ï‡˜ÊÁÈ Ù"Ú (Ê :‚ „ ‰È¯ÎÊ È"˘¯ ‰‡¯ ( :„Ò ‚ ‰Îȇ Ù"Ú (‰
:·Ó ‰Î ‡¯˜È È"˘¯ ‰‡¯ (Ï :‰ ‚È ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (Î :ÊË ÂÓ ‰ÈÓ¯È (È :Ê ‰ ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ (Ë
:·Î ‚Ï ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (Ú :‰Î ÂÎ ‡¯˜È (Ò :‰ ÊË ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú ( :„ ËÈ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ó
„Î È˘ÈÏ˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 47
·ËÈÓa
© ¥ § χ-ÈÙ ¨ Á©â .ÔBÈÏr
¥ ¥ § ‡-el § ¤ È˙¯L ¦ £ © ik`l
¥ § ¨ Ó᧠ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¥ £ § n©à
:ÌÁ¯È
¥ © § ÈÏe‡
© .ÔBÈ·‡Â ¦ ¨ Ìr©ã ÒBÁȨ ÈÏe‡
§ ¤ § Èr © .ÔBÈb‰
¨¦
.ÛÒL
¤ ¤ ÈÁeLt
¥ § ÌÈÊ· ¦ § ¦ § ÌÈÏÙ ¦ ¨L §å .ÛÒBÈ
¥ ˙ȯ‡ ¦¥L §ä ÌÁ¯È
¥ © § ÈÏe‡
©
‰JÙ˙a
¨ ¦ § ¦ ÌÈ‚‡BL¦£ .ÛÒÎ
¤ ¤ ‡Ïa Ÿ § ȯeÎÓ¥ § ÌpÁ ¨ ¦ ÈÈe· ¥ L §æ
.ÔBÈM¯¨ ¦ ÌÈLw·Óe ¦ §© §
:ÌÁ¯È
¥ © § ÈÏe‡
© .ÔBÈ·‡Â
§ ¤ § Èr
¦ ¨ Ìr© ÒBÁȨ ÈÏe‡
©
.Ï·Ò
¤ ¤ Èepra
¦ § ˙BkÓ© È„nÏÓ¥ § ª § .Ï·Î ¥ ª Óç§ ÌÁ¯È
¤ ¤ Èpr ¥ © § ÈÏe‡
©
Ûˆ˜a
¤ ¤ § ÌÈnra ¨ Óé̈ .Ï·˙
¦ © ¨ ÏL ¥ ¥ È·LBÈa
¥ § § ÌÈe˙ Ÿ
¦ § L‡¯-„B Óè§
.ÔBÈf·e
¨¦
:ÌÁ¯È
¥ © § ÈÏe‡
© .ÔBÈ·‡Â
§ ¤ § Èr
¦ ¨ Ìr© ÒBÁȨ ÈÏe‡
©
ÌÈ‚v‰
¦ ¨ © ÚÓLÈÂ
© § ¦ § ·ÈL˜ÈÂ
¦ § © § .Bnr© Èr·
¦ ¨ § ‡¯È ¤ ¥ § ÌÁ¯È
¥ © § ÈÏe‡
©
‡BˆÓϧ ¦ ÌÈÏBz
¦ ̉ÈÈrÂ
¤ ¥ ¥ § .BÓϨ ¯ÒeÓ¨ ©ë § ÌÈ„eÚÂ
LÁ© Ïa ¦ § .BnrÏ ª§
.ÔBÈv¯
¨ ¦
:ÌÁ¯È
¥ © § ÈÏe‡
© .ÔBÈ·‡Â
§ ¤ § Èr
¦ ¨ Ìr© ÒBÁȨ ÈÏe‡
©
˙r-ÏÎa
¥ ¨ § BÁ·L ¨ § ȈÓB‡
¥ § ¨ © Ò§ì ȯÓB‡
.‡-ÁÏ ¥§ ÌÁ¯È¥ © § ÈÏe‡
©
¤ ¥ Ÿ ¡ Èt-˙‡
̉ȉχ ¥ § ¤ .‰pÁz ¨ ¦ § CBtLϧ ¦ ‰¯va
¨ ¨ © ÌÈc‚‡
¦ ª £ .‰BÚÂ
¨ §
¨ ¦ ·Ï¥î ÌÈÎÙBL
.ÔBÈec ¦ §
:ÌÁ¯È
¥ © § ÈÏe‡
© .ÔBÈ·‡Â
§ ¤ § Èr
¦ ¨ Ìr© ÒBÁȨ ÈÏe‡
©
ÈÙa
¦ § BÓk§ ˙Bȯ‡
¨ £ ‰ËeÚϨ § .ÌÈÏÙÎa ¦ © § ¦ § ‰˙˜¨ § Ϩð ÌÁ¯È
¥ © § ÈÏe‡
©
‰ÁÎL
¨ § ¨ ‡ÏŸ .ÌÈÏeL
¦© Ÿ £ © ˙ÓlzLÓe
ÔÂra ¤ ¤ © § ¦ ‰wÏ ¨ ª .ÌÈÏÁL
¦© £ ©
.ÔBÈ·Á§ ¤ ÊŸÚñ ·zÎÓ© § ¦ ˙‡Ê-ÏÎaŸ ¨ §
:ÌÁ¯È
¥ © § ÈÏe‡
© .ÔBÈ·‡Â
§ ¤ § Èr
¦ ¨ Ìr© ÒBÁȨ ÈÏe‡
©
Ÿ § Ì˙t¯Á
‡Ï ¨ ¨ § ¤ ÌÈrÓB ô © .ÌÈÙ
¦ § M‰ ¥ kò§ ÌÁ¯È
¦ ¨ ÈLe· ¥ © § ÈÏe‡
©
ÌÈ·È˘Ó
ÒÂÓÚ (‰ :ÁÎ ·Î ·-χÂÓ˘ („ :Ë ‡ È·ÏÓ (‚ :‡ ‡ËÂÊ ‰Îȇ (· :‡ , ‰·¯ ˙È˘‡¯· (‡ ‡"Â˙
„Ó Ì˘ (Ë :ÁÈ ‰˜ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (Á :‚ · ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë · È·ÏÓ ( :ÂË ‰
Ù"Ú ( :ÊÈ ‰ ‰Îȇ Ù"Ú (Ó :ËÈ „È ¯·„Ó· (Ï :ÊË ÂÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Î :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ì˘ (È :ÂË
:· ,ÁÙ ˙·˘ (Ù :· ,ËÈ Ôȯ„‰Ò ‰‡¯ (Ú :„ ‚ ˜Â˜·Á Ù"Ú (Ò :· Ó ‰ÈÚ˘È
È˘ÈÏ˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 48
Èkঠ.ÌÈrL
¦ ¨ § ¦ BÚLÈÏe
§ ¦ § ÌÈe˜Ó ¦ © § BÁˆ§ ¦ .ÌÈBÚÂ
¦ § ÌÈ·ÈLÓ
¦ ¦ §
.ÔBÈJÎa
¨ ¦ § ÂÈÓÁ¯ ¨ Ÿ
¨ £ © eÏÎ-‡Ï
:ÌÁ¯È
¥ © § ÈÏe‡
© .ÔBÈ·‡Â ¦ ¨ Ìrá© ÒBÁȨ ÈÏe‡
§ ¤ § Èr ©

.BÈ·L
§ ¦ ı¯‡Ó
¤ ¤ ¥ ¯ÈzȦ © BLe·Á£ .BÈr·
§ ¨ § Èr ¥ © È⧠ÌÁ¯È
¦ ¨ ılÁ ¥ © § ÈÏe‡
©
˙r¥ LÈÁÈÂ
¦ ¨ § ÚÓLÈ
© § ¦ B˙˜r¨ £ ˆä© .BÈIÁ
§ ¨ LBaÁȧ © § B¯BÊÓ§ ‰‰‚ ¤ § Èã¦
.ÔBÈ„t§¦
:ÌÁ¯È
¥ © § ÈÏe‡
© .ÔBÈ·‡Â
§ ¤ § Èr
¦ ¨ Ìr© ÒBÁȨ ÈÏe‡
©

·ËÈÓa
© ¥ § χ-ÈÙ
¥ ¥ § ‡-el ¨ Á©ç .ÔBÈÏr § ¤ È˙¯L ¥ § ¨ Óæ§ ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¥ £ § Ó©å
¦ £ © È·Ï
:ÌÁ¯È
¥ © § ÈÏe‡
© .ÔBÈ·‡Â § ¤ § Èr ¦ ¨ Ìr© ÒBÁȨ ÈÏe‡ © .ÔBÈb‰
¨¦
ÏÁBÓ
¥ ,˙e„ÈÒÁa ¦ £ © ‚‰˙Óe¥ © § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © ‡qk ¥ ¦ Ïr© ·LB ¤ ¤ l`¥
¥ Èè CÏÓ
‰IÈÁÓ
¨ ¦ § ‰a¯Ó ¤ § © ,ÔBL‡¯¦ ÔBL‡¯¦ ¯È·r ¦ £ Ó©é ,Bnr© ˙BÂr Ÿ£
¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ Ìr¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ‰N ¤ ŸÚë ,ÌÈrLBtI
¦ § © ‰ÁÈÏÒe ¨ ¦ § ÌȇËÁϦ ¨£©
LGL§ ¯ÓBÏ © el¨ ˙ȯB¨ ¥ ‰ì I‡¥ .ÏBÓ‚z § ¦ Ì˙r¯Î ¨ ¨ ¨ § ‡ÏŸ ,Áe¯Â
© §
ÂrI
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © § ,‰¯Nr ¥ § ¤ LŸÏL§ ˙ȯa ¦ § ÌBi‰© eI-¯ÎÊ ¨ ¨ § ,‰¯Nr ¥§ ¤
ÌL¨ Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙i ¥ © § ¦ © Ôra¨ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § „¯i ¤ ¥Âî© ·e˙kL ¨ ¤ BÓk§ ,Ì„wÓ ¤¤ ¦
¨Ÿ § ÌL
:‰Â‰È ¥ ·1§ ‡¯˜i ¨ § ¦©
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰

‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Â©ð
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi
¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ Ÿ ¨ ‡N
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂr ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âñ§
ÁÏÒ
ÊÎ ·Âȇ Ù"Ú (‰ :‚È ‰ ڢ‰ Ù"Ú („ :ÂË ÂÏ ·Âȇ (‚ :ÁÎ ·Î ·-χÂÓ˘ (· :·Î ‚ ‰Îȇ (‡ ‡"Â˙
˘‡¯ (È : ,ËÎ ‰·¯ ‡¯˜È (Ë :Ë ‡ È·ÏÓ (Á :‡ ‡ËÂÊ ‰Îȇ (Ê :‡ , ‰·¯ ˙È˘‡¯· ( :Ë
Ì˘ ( :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ó :· ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ‰‡¯ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·)  ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (Î :‡ ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰
:Ë Ì˘ (Ò :Ê-Â
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
‰Î È˘ÈÏ˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 49
‰z‡-Ȩ © kঠ:erL § ¨ Ù1̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á1̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq © §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â ¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨ © § ·BË È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ Ï©â :eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr ¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Má§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ È㧠:‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί· ¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr § © ©
‰Â‰¨Ÿ Èå§ :Ca¨ ÁËa © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡ ¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ äȧ :‰IÒ ¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ȉχ ¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰ ¨ ¦
eBl„© Èk¦ ,EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © eeÓc˜È § © § ¯‰Ó ¥ © ,ÌÈBL‡¯ ¦ ¦ ˙BÂr Ÿ £ eÏ-¯kÊz ¨ ¨ § ¦ -l`©æ
-eÏ-¯ÎÊ
¨ ¨ § EcÒÁk § § © § ¯kÊz-I‡ Ÿ § ¦ © eÈrLÙe ¥ ¨ § | eȯeÚ ¥ § ˙‡h Ÿ Áç© :„‡Ó Ÿ §
:‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § E·eË § ÔrÓÏ© © § ,‰z‡ ¨ ©
,Enr ¤ © ÔBˆ¯a § ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § e¯Î ¥ § Êé̈ :‰n‰ ¨ ¥ ÌÏBÚÓ ¨ ¥ Èk¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁ ¤ ¨ £ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © xk Ÿ fè§
Ë·L ¤ ¥ zχb ¨ § © ¨ Ì„w ¤ ¤ ,˙È˜ ¨ ¦ ¨ | E˙„r § ¨ £ ¯Î Ÿ Êë§ :E˙reLÈa ¤¨ ¦ e„˜t ¥§¨
˙·‰‡ © £ © ,ÌÏLe¯È¦¨ ¨ § ˙aÁ © ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯BÎʧ :Ba zÎL ¨ § © ¨ | ‰Ê¤ ÔBiˆ-¯‰ ¦ © ,E˙ÏÁ ¤¨ £©
‡·-Èk
¨ ¦ dÁI ¨ § ¤ § ˙r-Èk ¥ ¦ ,ÔBiˆ¦ ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ìe˜˙¨ ‰z¨ ‡î© :ÁˆÏ © ¤ ¨ ÁkLz-Ï © § ¦ ‡ì© ÔBiˆ¦
e¯r¨ | e¯r¨ ÌȯӇ‰ ¦ § Ÿ ¨ ,ÌILe¯È ¦¨ ¨ § ÌBÈ ˙‡¥ ,ÌB„‡¡ È·Ï ¥ § ¦ | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯Î Ÿ Êð§ :„rBÓ ¥
zraL
¨ § © § ¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ EÈ„·r ¤ ¨ £ χ¯NÈÏe ¥ ¨ § ¦ § ˜ÁˆÈÏ ¨ § ¦ § ̉¯·‡I ¨ ¨ § © § ¯Î Ÿ Êñ§ :da¨ „BÒȉ § © „r©
,ÌÈÓM‰
¦ ¨ ¨ © È·ÎBÎk ¥ § § ÌÎr¯Ê-˙‡ ¤ £ § © ¤ ‰a¯‡ ¤ § © ̉I‡ ¤ ¥ £ ¯a„z ¥ © § © Ca¨ ̉Ï̈ ¤
¯ÎŸ òʧ :ÌÏÚϨ Ÿ § eÏÁ £ ¨ § ÌÎr¯ÊÏ ¤ £ § © § Ôz‡ ¥ ¤ Èz¯Ó‡ ¦ § © ¨ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ˙‡f‰ Ÿ © ı¯‡‰-ÏΠ¤¨ ¨ ¨§
‰f‰¤ © Ìr‰ ¨ ¨ ÈL˜-I‡ ¦ § ¤ ÔÙz-I‡ ¤ ¥ © ,·˜rÈÏe Ÿ £ © § ˜ÁˆÈÏ ¨ § ¦ § ̉¯·‡I ¨ ¨ § © § EÈ„·rI ¤ ¨ £©
eχB
§ © ¯L‡ ¤ £ ,˙‡hÁ ¨ © eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ˙L˙ ¥ ¨ ‡-Ï ¨ ‡ô© :B˙‡hÁ-χ ¨ © ¤ § BÚL¯-I‡Â § ¦ ¤§
:e¯ˆBÈ ¥ § eÏ-ÁÏÒ ¨ © § e¯eˆ ¥ e‡ËÁ ¨ ¨ :e‡ËÁ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡Â ¤ £©
ۇ© § ·B˜rÈ £ © È˙ȯa-˙‡
¦ ¦ § ¤ Èz¯ÎÊ ¦ § © ¨Âö§ ,z¯Ó‡
¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ˙B·‡¨ ˙ȯa ¦ § eϨ xFkf§
Ÿ § ¤ ı¯‡‰Â
:¯kʇ ¤ ¨ ¨ § ¯kʇ Ÿ § ¤ ̉¯·‡ ¨ ¨ § © È˙ȯa-˙‡ ¦ ¦ § ¤ ۇ © § ˜ÁˆÈ ¨ § ¦ È˙ȯa-˙‡ ¦ ¦§ ¤
˙ȯa ¦ § Ì‰Ï ¤ ¨ Èz¯ÎÊ ¦ § © ¨Â÷§ ,z¯Ó‡ ¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ÌÈBL‡¯ ¦ ¦ ˙ȯa ¦ § eI¨ ¯BÎʧ
˙BÈ‰Ï § ¦ ÌÈBb‰
¦ © ÈÈrÏ ¥ ¥ § ,ÌȯˆÓ ¦ © § ¦ ı¯‡Ó ¤ ¤ ¥ Ì˙‡-È˙‡ˆB‰ ¨Ÿ ¦ ¥ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ,ÌÈL‡¯ ¦Ÿ ¦
Ÿ © © Âø§ ,ezÁË·‰L
˙‡Ê-Ìb-Û‡ ¨ § © § ¦ ¤ BÓk§ enr ¨ ¦ ‰Nr ¥ £ :‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È‡ ¦ £ ÌÈ‰Ï‡Ï ¦ Ÿ ¥ Ì‰Ï ¤¨
¯Ù‰Ï
¥ ¨ § Ì˙lÎÏ ¨ Ÿ © § ÌÈzÏr‚-‡Ï ¦ § © § Ÿ § ÌÈzÒ‡Ó-‡G ¦ § © § ̉Ȥ ·È‡ ¥ §Ÿ ı¯‡a ¤ ¤ § Ì˙Bȉa ¨ § ¦
‰Ók ¨ § eÓÁ¯Â¥ £ © § e˙e·L ¥ § ·L‰ ¥ ¨ :̉ȉχ ¤ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È‡ ¦ £ Èk¦ ,Ìz‡ ¨ ¦ È˙ȯa ¦ ¦§
·Â˙΢
:È Î Ì˘ ( :‚È „Ù Ì˘ (‰ :Á ÂÓ Ì˘ („ :Ë ‚ Ì˘ (‚ :‚È ‚˜ Ì˘ (· :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:· „Ú Ì˘ (Î :(ÈÂÈ˘·) „ ˜ Ì˘ (È :Â Ì˘ (Ë :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ê ‰Î Ì˘ (Á :Á ËÚ Ì˘ (Ê
·È ¯·„Ó· (Ù :ÊÎ Ë Ìȯ·„ (Ú :‚È ·Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ò :Ê ÊϘ Ì˘ ( :„È ·˜ Ì˘ (Ó :ËÈ Ì˘ (Ï
:„Ó Ì˘ (¯ :‰Ó Ì˘ (˜ :·Ó ÂÎ ‡¯˜È (ˆ :‡È
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (1 ˙‚‰‰
È˘ÈÏ˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 50
Eˆa˜Â
§ ¤ ¦ § ·L ¨ § ,EÓÁ¯Â ¤ £ ¦ § E˙e·L-˙‡ § § ¤ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ·L ¨ ৠ,·e˙kL ¨¤
‰Ók ¨ § eÈÁc ¥ ¨ ¦ ıa˜ ¥ © :‰nL ¨ ¨ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EˆÈÙ‰ § ¦ ¡ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ÌÈnr‰-ÏkÓ ¦ ©¨ ¨ ¦
EȉG‡¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Eˆa˜È § ¤ © § ÌMÓ ¨ ¦ ,ÌÈÓM‰ ¦ ¨ ¨ © ‰ˆ˜a ¥ § ¦ EÁc £ © ¦ ‰È‰È-Ì ¤ § ¦ ‡á¦ ,·e˙kL ¨¤
¦ ¦ Óâ̈ ,·e˙kL
È˙ÈÁ ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § ÔrΠ¨ ¨ ¤ § ·rk ¨ ¨ eÈrLÙ ¥ ¨ § ‰ÁÓ ¥ § :EÁwÈ ¤ ¨ ¦ ÌMÓe ¨ ¦
‰ÁÓ¥ § :EÈzχ‚ ¦ § © § Èk¦ ÈI‡ © ¥ ‰·eL ¨ ¤ Ÿ © ÔrÎÂ
,EÈ˙‡hÁ ¨ ¨ ¤ § EÈrLt ¤ ¨ § ·rÎ̈ ¨
EÈrLÙ¤ ¨ § ‰ÁÓ ¤ Ÿ ‡e‰ ÈÎ‡ ¦ Ÿ ¨ ÈÎ ¦ Ÿ ‡ã̈ ,z¯Ó‡ ¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ErÓI § © © § eÈrLÙ ¥¨ §
‰Ók ¨ § ¯ÓvΠ¤ ¤ © § ‚ÏMk ¤ ¤ © eȇËÁ ¥ ¨ £ Ôaω ¥ § © :¯kʇ Ÿ § ¤ ‡G EÈ˙‡hÁ ¤ Ÿ © § ÈrÓI ¦£ © §
ÌÈMk¦ ¨ © ÌÎȇËÁ ¤ ¥ ¨ £ eȉÈ-̇ § ¦ ¦ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯Ó‡È © Ÿ ‰ÁÎe ¨ § ¨ ¦ § ‡-eÎ ¨ ϧä ,·e˙kL ¨¤
ÌÈÓ
¦ © eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ˜B¯Ê§ :eÈ‰È § ¦ ¯Óvk ¤ ¤ © ÚÏBzÎ ¨ © eÓÈc‡È-̇ ¦ § © ¦ ,eÈaÏÈ ¦ § © ‚ÏMk¤ ¤ ©
ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © ÌÎÈÏr ¤ ¥ £ Èz˜¯Ê ¦ § © ¨Âå§ ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § e¯‰Ë ¥ £ © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ §
eÈÏr¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ © :ÌÎ˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ¯‰Ë‡ ¥ © £ ÌÎÈIelb-ÏkÓe
¤ ¥ ¦ ¨ ¦ ÌÎÈ˙‡ÓË ¤ ¥ Ÿ § ª ÏkÓ Ÿ ¦ ,Ìz¯‰Ëe ¤ §© §
Et¯È
§ § © ‡Ï Ÿ EȉG‡ ¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ Èkæ¦ ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § e˙ÈÁLz ¥ ¦ § © χ ©§
ÏBÓ :Ì‰Ï ¤ ¨ ÚaL © § ¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ EÈ˙·‡ ¤ Ÿ £ ˙ȯa-˙‡ ¦ § ¤ ÁkLÈ © § ¦ ‡G§ ,E˙ÈÁLÈ ¤ ¦ § © ‡Ï Ÿ §
Eȉχ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏÓ¨ eç ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § EÓL-˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ‰·‰‡Ï ¨ £ © § e··Ï-˙‡ ¥¨§ ¤
E··Ï-ÏÎa
§ ¨ § ¨ § Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ¤ ‰·‰‡Ï ¨ £ © § ,Er¯Ê ¤ § © ··I-˙‡Â©§ ¤ § E··I-˙‡§ ¨§ ¤
,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § e˙Lw·a ¥ ¨ ¨ © § eϨ ‡ˆn‰ ¥ ¨ ¦ :EÈiÁ ¤ © ÔrÓÏ © © § ELÙ-Ïηe § §© ¨ §
E··Ï-IÎa
§ ¨ § ¨ § epL¯„˙ ¤ § § ¦ Èk¦ ,˙‡ˆÓe ¨ ¨ ¨ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È-˙‡¨Ÿ § ¤ ÌMÓ ¨ ¦ ÌzLw· ¤ § © ¦ èe
‰Ók ¨ § E˙JÙz¤ ¨ ¦ § ˙È·a ¥ § eÁnN ¥ § © § EL„˜ ¤ § ¨ ¯‰-χ © ¤ e‡È·z ¥ ¦ § :ELÙ-Iηe ¤ §© ¨ §
,È˙lÙz
¦ ¨ ¦ § ˙È·a ¥ § ÌÈzÁnN ¦ § © ¦ § ÈL„˜ ¦ § ¨ ¯‰-χ © ¤ ÌÈ˙B‡È·‰ ¦ ¦ £ Âé© ,·e˙kL ¨¤
‡¯wÈ¥ ¨ ¦ ‰lÙz-˙Èa
¨ ¦ § ¥ È˙È· ¦ ¥ Èk¦ ,ÈÁaÊÓ-Ïr ¦ § § ¦ © ÔBˆ¯Ï ¨ § ̉ÈÁ·Ê ¤ ¥ § ¦ § ̉È˙ÏBÚ ¤ ¥Ÿ
:ÌÈnr‰-ÏÎÏ
¦ © ¨ ¨§
:ÏÏη „Ú ‡Ï Â·ÊÚ˙ χ „Ú ,ω˜Â ÔÊÁ ,˜ÂÒÙ ¯Á‡ ˜ÂÒÙ ÌȯÓ‡ Ô¯‡‰ ÔÈÁ˙ÂÙ
Ïa˜Â
¥ © § eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯Â ¥ © § ÒeÁ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eÏB˜
¥ ÚÓL
© §
:e˙lÙz-˙‡
¥ ¨ ¦ § ¤ ÔBˆ¯·e ¨ § ÌÈÓÁ¯a ¦ £ ©§
:Ì„˜k
¤ ¤ § eÈÓÈ
¥ ¨ LcÁ ¥ © ‰·eLÂ
¨ ¨ § EÈχ ¤ ¥ | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § e·ÈL
¥ ¦ ‰£ë
:epnÓ
¤ ¦ Áwz-χ
© ¦ © EL„˜ § § ¨ Áe¯Â
© § EÈÙlÓ ¥ ¦ § © ‡©ì
¤ ¨ § ¦ eÎÈÏLz-Ï
:e·Êrz-χ
¥ § © © © eÁk ¥ Ÿ ˙BÏÎk § ¦ ‰˜Ê
¨ § ¦ ˙rÏ ¥ ¦ § © ‡î©
¥ § eÎÈÏLz-Ï
‰·BËÏ ¨ ¦ ¥ r£ñ :epnÓ
¨ § ˙B‡ enr-‰N ¤ ¦ ˜Á¯z-χ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È
© § ¦ © ,eȉχ ¨Ÿ § e·Êrz-Ï
¥ § © © ‡©ð
‡¯ÈÂ
ÂÏ Ï‡˜ÊÁÈ ( :ÁÈ ‡ Ì˘ (‰ :‰Î ‚Ó Ì˘ („ :·Î „Ó ‰ÈÚ˘È (‚ :„ Ì˘ (· :‚ Ï Ìȯ·„ (‡ ‡"Â˙
ÌÈω˙ (Ï :‡Î ‰ ‰Îȇ (Î :Ê Â ‰ÈÚ˘È (È :ËÎ „ Ì˘ (Ë :Â Ï Ì˘ (Á :‡Ï „ Ìȯ·„ (Ê :‰Î
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÈ ÂÙ Ì˘ (Ò :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·Î ÁÏ Ì˘ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë ‡Ú Ì˘ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚È ‡
ÂÎ È˘ÈÏ˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 51
| ‰Èʇ‰
¨ ¦ £ © eȯӥ ¨ ‡£à :ezÓÁÂ
¨ § © ¦ § ez¯Êr ¨Ÿ § ‰z‡-Èk
¨ § © £ ‰Â‰È ¨ © ¦ eL·È Ÿ ¥ § eȇN
¥ § Ÿ e‡¯ÈÂ
§¦ §
¨Ÿ § ,EÈÙÏ
‰Â‰È ¤ ¨ § eaÏ ¥ ¦ ÔBÈ‚‰Â
§ ¤ § eÈÙ-ȯӇ
¦ ¥ § ¦ | ÔBˆ¯I ¨ § eȉ§ Èᦠ:e‚È‚‰
¥ ¦ £ ‰Èa ¨Ÿ §
¨ ¦ ‰Â‰È
:eȉG‡
¥ ¡ È„‡¨Ÿ £ ‰r˙ ¤ £ © ‰z‡ ¨ © ,eIÁB‰
§ ¨ ¨Ÿ § EÏ-È
‰Â‰È § k⦠:eχB‚Â
¥ £ § e¯eˆ¥
:Ô¯‡‰ Ôȯ‚ÂÒ
© © § ¦ © ä§ ,e˙lÙz
Ìlr˙z-χ ¥ ¨ ¦ § EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ‡B·zã̈ ,eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¥ Epidl` ¥Ÿ ¡
EÈÙI
¤ ¨ § ¯ÓBÏ
© ,Û¯Ú¤Ÿ ÈL ¥ ˜eæ§ ÌÈÙ ¦ ¨ Èf¥r©å e‡¨ ÔȇL
¥ ¤ ,e˙pÁzÓ
¥¨¦ § ¦
§ © £ Ï·¨ ‡£ç ,e‡ËÁ
eÁ‡ ¨ ¨ ‡ÏŸ § eÁ‡§ © £ ÌȘÈcˆ¦ ¦ © ,eÈ˙B·‡
¥ £ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È
¨Ÿ §
:e‡Ë¨ Á1̈ eÈ˙B·‡Â
¥ £©
.e„ʧ © .erL¯ é¦ § .eÈÂr
§ © § ‰Â ¦ ¡ ‰¤è .ÈÙc ¦ Ÿ e¯ac§ © ¦ .eÏÊb
§ © ¨ .e„‚a§ © ¨ .EpnW § © `2̈
.eˆI
§ © .e·fk§ © ¦ .Ú¯¨ eˆrÈ § © ¨ .¯˜L ¤ ¤ eÏÙ§ © Ëë̈ .eÒÓÁ§ © ¨
.Û¯Ú¤Ÿ eÈM˜ ¦ ¦ .e¯¯ˆ § © ¨ .erLt§ © ¨ .eÈÂr¦ ¨ .e¯¯Ò§ © ¨ .eˆ‡
§ © ¦ .e„¯Ó̈
§©
:erzrz
§ ¨ § ¦ .eÈrz ¦ ¨ .e·rz§ © ¦ .e˙ÁL § © ¦ .erL¯ §© ¨
Ïr© ˜Ècˆ¦ © ‰z‡ ¨ ¨ Ÿ î§ ÌÈ·Bh‰
¨ © Âð§ :eϨ ‰ÂL-‡Ï ¦ © EÈËtLn¤ ¨ § ¦ Óe ¤ Ÿ § ¦ ¦ Epx§ q
ì¦ EÈ˙ˆnÓ ©1
§ ¨ § ‰1¦ eÁ‡Â
:erL¯ § © £ © ˙ÈNr
¨ ¦ ¨ ˙Ó‡-Èk ¤ ¡ ¦ ,eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ‡a‰-Ïk¨© ¨
¥ ¦ ‰Â¨cò¨ .NBNÓ¨ epnÓ
eaÏ ¤ ¦ ‰Ï¨ bñ̈ .¯Bc-ÏkÓ ¨ ¦ eLa § Ÿ .Ìr-ÏkÓ ¨ ¨ ¦ EpnW` § © ¨
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa¥ Ïe·Êô§ .e¯‡t
.eLc˜Ó ¥ ¥ § Ú¯Ù© § ¦ § .eÈee‡
¥ ¦ ÏaÁ‰ © § ª .eȇËÁa ¥ ¨£©
¥ Ÿ .ÌȯÊÏ
eÁk ¦ ¨ § e˙Ó„‡¥ ¨ § © ÈÙBÈ ¦ .‰nLÏ ¨ © § ‰˙ȉ ¨ § ¨ e˙¯È ¥ ¨ Ëö¦ .eÈÂra ¥Ÿ £ © ·¯Á ©¨
:ÌȯÎÏ ¦ § ¨§
¯ÓBÏ
© ,et¯r
¥ § ¨ ‰L˜ ¤ § © § eÈt ¥ ¨ ÊÈr ¦ ¨ Cȉ¥ .e˙eÚhÓ ¥ ¨ ¦ e·L § © ‡Ï Ÿ oicÓe
¦ ©£©
Ÿ § eÁ‡
‡Ï § © £ ÌȘÈcˆ ¦ ¦ © ,eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EÈÙÏ ¤¨§
:e‡Ë¨ Á1̈ eÈ˙B·‡Â ¥ £ © eÁ‡ § © £ Ï·¨ ‡£ç ,e‡ËÁ ¨¨
.eÈÏr¥ ¨ Ìlr ¨ ª e˙ § ¨ .epnÓ ¤ ¦ ˯BÓÓe ¨ § CMÓ ¨ ª Ó÷§ .eÏÓr ¥ ¨ £ e˜Lr § ¨ EpipiÓl¥ ¥§
.Ì„iÓ Ôȇ ˜¯t
¨ ¨ ¦ ¥ ¥Ÿ
ø .e· eÏLÓ ÌÈ„·rø .eÓÎL Ir eÏ·Ò
¨ § ¨ ¦ ¨ £ ¥ § ¦ © § © ¨
¥Ÿ £ © epnÓ
.eÈÂra ¤ ¦ z˜Á¯¨ § © ¨ .eȉG‡ ¥ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Ee‡¯˜ ¨ § .ee··Ò ¨ § ˙Ba¯© ˙B¯ˆ¨
:e„·‡Â
§ ¨ ¨ § eÈrz ¦ ¨ .EȯÁ‡Ó ¤ £ © ¥ e·§ L ©ù
ÁÈ˘Ó
‚ ÁÙ Ì˘ („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊË ÁÏ Ì˘ (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ËÈ Ì˘ (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ‰ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
,ÊÙ ‡ÓÂÈ (Á :Ë „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (Ê : ÁÎ Ìȯ·„ Ù"Ú ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ‰ Ì˘ (‰ :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
:ËÏ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Ï :ËÒ ËȘ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Î :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ì˘ (È : ˜ ÌÈω˙ (Ë :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÈ ‰ ‰Îȇ (Ú :‡È „Î ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ò :‚Ï Ë ‰ÈÓÁ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÎ ‚Ï ·Âȇ (Ó
:Á Ì˘ ‰Îȇ (¯ :Ê ÁÈ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (˜ :ÂÎ ËÒ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (ˆ :‚È Á ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ Ù"Ú (Ù
:‡È ÂË ‡-χÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (˘
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ (1 ˙‚‰‰
ÈÙÏ ÌÈÏÓ‰ ¯‡˘· ÔΠ,(Ê ÛÈÚÒ Ê¯˙ ÔÓÈÒ Ê"‰„‡ Ú"¢ ‰‡¯) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ËÚÓ ‰Á˘È (2
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó) ·-‡‰ ¯„Ò
È˘ÈÏ˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 52
ew ¥ © :Èw¦ ¥ © ˙B¯zÒpÓ ¨ § ¦ ¦ ,ÔÈ·È-ÈÓ ¦ ¨ ¦ ˙B‡È‚¦ L ৠ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ¯Ó‡ © ¨ E˜„ˆ § § ¦ giWn © ¦ §
,eÈ˙B‡ÓË-ÏkÓ
¥ § ª ¨ ¦ e¯‰ËÂ
¥ £ © § eÈrLt-IkÓ ¥¨ § ¨ ¦ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È
eȉχ ¨Ÿ §
¦ § © ¨Â᧠,E‡È·
Èz˜¯Ê ¤ ¦ § „È-Ïr © © ·e˙kk ¨ © ,e¯‰Ë ¥ £ © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © eÈIr ¥ ¨ ˜B¯Êe§
ÌÎÈÏeJb-ÏkÓe
¤ ¥ ¦ ¨ ¦ ÌÎÈ˙B‡ÓË ¤ ¥ § ª IŸkÓ¦ ,Ìz¯‰Ëe ¤ § © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © ÌÎÈÏr¤ ¥£
:ÌÎ˙‡¤ § ¤ ¯‰Ë‡ ¥ ©£
,ÚÓLe ¨ § Eʇ § § ¨ | ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰ã© ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ÚeL © ¦ ˙B„eÓÁ-LÈ £ ‡â¦ l`Ipc ¥¦ ¨
EÓL ‡¯˜-¯L‡ ¯Èr‰Â ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ‰‡¯e EÈÈr Á˜t
§ ¦ ¨ § ¦ ¤ £ ¦ ¨ § ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ¥ § ¤ ¥ © §
,EÈÙϤ ¨ § eÈeÁz ¥ £ © ÌÈÏÈtÓ ¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ïr ¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ | Èk¦ ,‰ÈÏr̈ ¨ ¤
¨Ÿ £ ,‰ÁÏÒ
È„‡ ¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL ¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr ¤ £ © © Èk¦
E¯Èr-Ïr
§ ¦ © ‡¯˜ ¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk § ¦ ¦ ,ȉG‡ © ¡ ErÓI § © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ © © § © ,‰Nr ¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰¨ ¦ § ©
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © ©§
Èt
© ¨ ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ Ìȯ‰Ï ¦ ¨ § ÈzÓÏÎ ¦ § © § ¦ § ÈzLa ¦ § Ÿ ,È‰Ï © Ÿ ‡¡ä ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ¯Ó‡ © ¨ ¯ÙBq‰ ¥ © `xfÓ ¨§ ¤
„r© ‰Ï„‚ ¨ § ¨ e˙ÓL‡Â ¥ ¨ § © § L‡¯ Ÿ ‰IrÓÏ ¨ § © § e·¯ « ¨ eÈ˙Âr ¥ Ÿ Ÿ £ Èk¦ EÈχ ¤ ¥
Ÿ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
‡Ï ¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡-C¯‡ ¦ © © ¤ ¤ ÌeÁ¯Â © § ÔepÁ© ˙BÁÈÏÒ ¦ § dBI‡ © ¡ ‰z‡ ¨ © Âå§ :ÌÈÓMÏ
¦¨ ¨©
e¯ˆBÈ
¥ § eÁÈÊz ¥ ¦ § © χ © § ,e‡¯Ba
¥ § eLhz ¥ § ¦ χ © § eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ e·Êrz ¥ § © © χ© :Ìz·Êr ¨ § ©£
¯·c‰-˙‡
¨ ¨ © ¤ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eϨ Ìi˜Â ¤ © § ,eÈ˙‡hÁk ¥ Ÿ © § ‰Ïk ¨ ¨ enr ¨ ¦ Nrz © © χ ©§
̉‰ ¥ ¨ ÌÈÓi ¦ ¨a©æ ,¯eÓ‡k ¨ ¨ .CÊBÁ ¨ e‰ÈӯȨ § § ¦ È„È-Ïr ¥ § © ‰Ia˜a ¨ ¨ © § ezÁË·‰L ¨ § © § ¦ ¤
Ÿ © ¤ § epȇÂ
˙‡hÁ-˙‡Â ¤ ¥ § χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ÔÂr-˙‡ Ÿ £ ¤ Lw·È © ª § ‰Â‰È-̇¨Ÿ § ª § ‡È‰‰ ¦ © ˙r·e ¥¨
È·r¯
¥ ¥ § E˙ÏÁ § ¨ £ © § En§ rç© :¯È‡L‡ ¦ § © ¯L‡I ¤ £ © ÁIÒ‡ © § ¤ Èk¦ ‰‡ˆn˙ ¨ ¤ ¨ ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ § ‰„e‰È
¨ §
eȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ Ï©è Èk¦ eÚ„È § ¥ § e¯ÈkÈ ¦ © .ErLÈ ¤ § ¦ È·‡z ¥ ¥ § EcÒÁ ¤ § © ȇӈ ¥ ¥ § E·eË §
:˙BÁÈÏq‰Â ¦ § © § ÌÈÓÁ¯‰̈ ¦ £ ©
‰Nr¥ £ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èë§ . EÓL ¤ § ‡¯˜ ¨ § ¦ ea¨ . EÓL ¤ § ÔepÁ©é χ¥ . EÓL ¤ § ÌeÁ¯é© l`¥
. E˙ȯa
¤ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EzÓ‡ 1¤ ¦ £ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ E˙c. ¤ ¨ ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ Ez¯‡Ù˙ ¤ § © § ¦ § EÏ„b
§ § ¨ ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £
ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ E¯ÎÊ. ¤ § ¦ ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E„eÚÂ ¤ ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E„B‰ ¤
ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„eÁÈ ¤ ¦ ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E·eË ¤ ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EcÒÁ ¤§ ©
ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E˙eÎÏÓ ¤ § © ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E„enÏ ¤ ¦ ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E„B·k ¤ §
. E¯‡t
¤ ¥ § ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . Efr ¤ ª ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„BÒ¤ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EÁˆ
¤§¦
‰˘Ú
:Â Ë ‡¯ÊÚ (‰ :ËÈ-ÁÈ Ë Ì˘ („ :‡È È Ï‡È„ (‚ :‰Î ÂÏ Ï‡˜ÊÁÈ (· :‚È ËÈ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë Ì˘ χÈ„ (Ë :ÂÎ Ë Ìȯ·„ (Á :Î  ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ê :ÊÈ Ë ‰ÈÓÁ (Â
:Ê „È ‰ÈÓ¯È (Î : „Ï
.ÌÏÂη ÔΠ,C˙ȯa » ƒ ¬ ÔÚÓÏ :„ÈÓ˙ ¯Ó‡ ,˙ÂÁÈÏÒ· ¯Â·Èˆ ÁÈÏ˘Î È·¯‰ (1 ˙‚‰‰
» ƒ¿ .CzÈÓ‡
ÊÎ È˘ÈÏ˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 53
EÈÓÁ¯¤ £ © ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙M„˜ ¤ ¨ ª § ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙˜„ˆ ¤ ¨ § ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙l‰z ¤ ¨ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙ÈÎL ¤ ¨ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ ©¨
. ·˜rÈÂ
Ÿ £ © § ˜ÁˆÈ ¨ § ¦ ̉¯·‡¨ ¨ § © ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ ¯Ùr . ¨ ¨ ÈÎB ¥§ L à EÈ·‰B‡ ¤£ ÔrÓI
©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ ‰ÓÏLe Ÿ Ÿ § „Âc ¦ ¨ ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ Ô¯‰‡Â Ÿ £ © § ‰LÓ ¤ Ÿ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
‰Nr ¥ £ . E„B·k ¤ § ÔkL © § Ó⦠ÔBiˆ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EL„˜ ¤ § ¨ ¯Èr¦ ÌÏLe ¦© ¨ ¯È á§
‰Nr .
¥ £ EÁaÊÓ ¤ § § ¦ ˙eÒȯ‰ ¦ £ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ EÏÎȉ . ¤ ¨ ¥ ˙BÓÓL § ¦ ÔrÓÏ ©©§
. E„eÁÈ
¤ ¦ Ïr© ÌÈÁe·Ë ¦ § ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EL„˜ ¤ § ¨ ÌL ¥ Ïr© ÌÈ‚e¯‰ ¦ £ ÔrÓI ©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EÓL ¤ § Lec˜¦ Ïr© ÌÈn·e ¦ © © L‡· ¥ ¨ ȇa ¥ ¨ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
. eÚLÙ § ¨ ‡lL Ÿ ¤ ·IÁ ¨ ¨ ÈÏeÓ¥ bä§ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ e‡ËÁ . § ¨ ‡lL Ÿ ¤ ÌÈ„L ¦ © ¨ Ș¥ BÈ ã§
‡ÏŸ ̇¦ ErÓÏ § © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . Ôa¯ ¨ © ˙Èa¥ ÏL ¤ ˙B˜BÈzå¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
:erÈLB‰Â
¥ ¦ § ErÓÏ § © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ erÓÏ ¥£ © §
¥ £ . er
er ¥ £ eÈ·¦ ‡ç̈ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Epp¥1 Ó £æ
¥ £ . er
er ¥ £ eL¯Bc ¥ § er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ eχB¥ £ bé er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ e‡¯B ¥ § aè
:er ¥ £ ÔÓ‡p‰ ¨ ¡ ¤ © χ¥ ‰ë̈
:er ¨ © § ÈÁî© er
¥ £ Ìi˜Â ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ¯LÈ ¨ ¨ § CÊì© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ § ˜È˙ ¦ ¨ EppÓ ¥£
ÌÈÒrk¦ ¨ § L·B ¥ kò er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ¯ˆÈ © ¥ Èñ er
¤ ¤ r„B ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ·ÈËÓe ¦ ¥ ·BËð EppÓ ¥£
ÌÈÎIn‰
¦ ¨ § © ÈÎÏÓ ¥ § © CI¤ Óö¤ er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § L·B ¥ Ïô er .
¥ £ er ¥£
:er ¥£
‰B¤ Úù er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÏÁBÓe ¥ ÁÏBÒ
©¥ ¥ £ . er
er ¥ £ ·bN ¨ § Âø¦ § ‡¯B¨ ÷ EppÓ ¥£
¨ ¨ § ˜Èc¦ ˆú© er
¯LÈÂ .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ÏÈvÓe ¦ © ‰„B ¤ tù er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ‰¯ˆ ¨ ¨ ˙ra ¥§
:er ¥£
C¯á© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÒBÚÎÏ § ¦ ‰L ¤ ˜á̈ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ Âȇ¯B˜Ï ¨ § § ·B¯˜à̈ EppÓ ¥£
:er ¥ £ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯â© er ¥ £ er. ¥ £ ˙Bv¯I ©§
ÂÚ
Ù"Ú (‰ :ÊË · χÂÈ Ù"Ú („ :Á ÂÎ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :„Î .ÊË Ë Ï‡È„ Ù"Ú (· :ËÈ ÂÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È (‡ ‡"Â˙
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÏ ÁÈ ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ (Ê :È·Ï ‰"„ È"˘¯ ‡ ,ÊÈ ˙Âί· ‰‡¯Â .· ,‚Ï ˙·˘ ( :Ë ÁÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È
: Á ·Âȇ Ù"Ú (Ï :Ë Ê Ìȯ·„ (Î :„ ÊÓ Ì˘ (È :‡ ‚Ó Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Ë :ÊË ‚Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È (Á
,Ê ˙Âί· ‰‡¯ (Ú :„È ‚˜ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Ò :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÁÒ ËȘ ÌÈω˙ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊΠ χÈ„ (Ó
:‰ ‚Ï ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (¯ :‡Î Ì˘ Ìȯ·„ Ù"Ú (˜ :‡ ,‚ ˙·‡ (ˆ :ÊÈ Ë ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ù :‡
:‡È ,‰ ˙·‡ Ù"Ú (· :ÁÈ ‰Ó˜ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (‡ :„ ·Ï Ìȯ·„ (˙ :‚ ,„ ˙Âί· ÈÓÏ˘Â¯È (˘
:Â „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‚
,ȯ˘˙-ÏÂχ ,'„"·Á È‚‰Ó ¯ˆÂ‡' ‰‡¯) ˙‡˜ÒÙ‰ ÈÓÂÈÒ· ÂϘ ı"˘‰ ‰È·‚Ó ÂÚ ˙¯ÈÓ‡· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ÁÎ 'ÓÚ
È˘ÈÏ˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 54
er¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÌÈÓÈÓz ¦ ¦ § CÓBz ¥ er¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÌÈBÈ·‡-χ
¦ § ¤ ¤ rÓB ©¥ L à EppÓ ¥£
„Á© tã© er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ̉¯·‡ ¨ ¨ § © È‰Ï ¥ Ÿ ‡¡â er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £ È‰Ï ¥ Ÿ ‡¡á
. er¥ £ ÌÈË·M‰ ¦ ¨ § © ˙¯Êr © § ¤ er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ¯È·¦ ‡£ä er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ˜ÁˆÈ ¨ §¦
È·¦ ‡£æ er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ÔBˆ¯¨ ˙ra ¥ § ‰B ¤ Úå er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ˙B‰n‡ ¨ ¦ ·bNÓ © § ¦ er ¥£
:er ¥ £ ˙BÓχ ¨ § © Ôi©cæ© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÌÈÓB˙È ¦ §
‰rL¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰i¯Bn‰ ¨ ¦ © ¯‰a © § eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ ̉¯·‡Ï ¨ ¨ § © § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ in ç¦
‰rL¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓè¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÁaÊn‰ © ¥ § ¦ © Èab-Ir ¥ © © „˜rpLk © ¡ ¤ ¤ § Ba§ ˜ÁˆÈI ¨ § ¦§
ÌȯeÒ‡‰¦ £ ¨ ˙È·a ¥ § ÛÒBÈÏ ¥ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ I‡¥ ˙È·a ¥ § ·˜rÈÏ Ÿ £©§
ÈÓé¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÛeÒ-ÌÈ-Ir © © eÈ˙B·‡Ï ¥ £ © ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓç¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰
‰zÁna¨ § © © Ô¯‰‡Ï Ÿ £ © § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ·¯BÁa ¥ § ‰LÓÏ ¤ Ÿ § ‰rL ¨¨ ¤
. erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰„r‰ ¨ ¥ ¨ CBzÓ¦ BÓe˜a§ ÒÁÈÙÏ ¨ § ¦ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓë¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰
χeÓLÏ
¥ § ¦ ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓç¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÏbÏba ¨ § ¦ © rLB‰ÈÏ ©ª ¦ ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓç¦
‡e‰ ÌÏLe¯Èa ¦¨ ¨ ¦ B·§ ‰ÓÏLe Ÿ Ÿ § „Â„Ï ¦ ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓç¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰tˆna ¨§ ¦ ©
‰rL¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ ì ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÏÓ¯k‰ ¤ § © © ¯‰a © § e‰iÏ‡Ï ¨ ¦ ¥ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓç¦ . erÈ ¥£©
‡e‰ ‰‚c‰ ¨ ¨ © ÈrÓa ¥ § ¦ ‰BÈÏ ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓç¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ BÁȯÈa ¦ ¦ ÚLÈχI ¨ ¦ ¡¤
.
ÈÓð¦ erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ BÈÏÁa § ¨ § ‰„e‰È ¨ § CÏÓ ¤ ¤ e‰i˜ÊÁÏ ¨ ¦ § ¦ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓî¦ . erÈ ¥£©
. erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ L‡‰ ¥ ¨ ÔL·k ¨ § ¦ CB˙a§ ‰È¯Êr ¨ § © £ © I‡LÈÓ ¥ ¨ ¦ ‰ÈÁÏ ¨ § © £ © ‰rL ¨¨ ¤
ÈÎc¯ÓÏ
© § § ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ˙Bȯ‡ ¨ £ ·B‚a§ χi„I ¥ ¦ ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓñ¦
‡e‰ ‰IBba ¨ © ‡¯ÊrÏ ¨ § ¤ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰¯Èa‰ ¨ ¦ © ÔLeLa © § ¯z҇ ¥§ ¤§
ÌȯLȉ¦ ¨ § © § ÌÈÓÈÓz‰Â¦ ¦ § © § ÌÈ„ÈÒÁ‰Â ¦ ¦ £ © § ÌȘÈcv‰-ÏÎÏ ¦ ¦ © © ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥£©
:erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰
¨ ¨ © § ÂÓÁ¯
Ì„‡-„È·e ¨ £ © ÌÈa¯-Èk ¦ © ¦ ‰Â‰È-„È·
¨Ÿ § © § ‡p-‰Ït ¨ ¨ § ¦ „‡Ó Ÿ § ÈÏ-¯ˆ¦ © „b-χ ¨ ¤ „Âc ¦ ¨ xn`I ¤ Ÿ eò©
¨Ÿ ¤ ©
:‰Ït‡-χ
(̉ÈÙ ÏÚ ÌÈÏÙÂ Ôȇ)
Ïa˜Â
¥ © § ÈÏr© ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ © ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¨Ÿ § .EÈÙÏ
¦ £ © ‡Ï¥ Óö̈ ‰Â‰È ¤ ¨ § È˙‡ËÁ
¦ ¨ ¨ ÔepÁÂ © § mEgxô©
:È¯qÈ˙
¦ ¥ § © § E˙ÓÁa-I‡Â
§ ¨ £ © © § ÈÁÈÎB˙
¦¥ ¦ Et‡a-I‡
§ © § © ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ È÷§ :ÈeÁz
¨ £ ©
‰I‰·
¨ £ § ¦ ÈLÙÂ
¦ § © § :ÈÓˆr
¨ ¨ £ eω· ¨Ÿ § È‡Ù¯
£ § ¦ Èk¦ ‰Â‰È ¦ ¥ ¨ § È‡
¦ ¨ ÏIÓ‡ ¨Ÿ § ÈpÁ̈
© § ª Èk¦ ‰Â‰È ¦¥
„‡Ó
ËÓ Ì˘ (‰ :·Ó ‡Ï Ì˘ Ù"Ú („ :„Î ÂÎ ˙È˘‡¯· (‚ :Ê ÂÎ Ìȯ·„ (· :„Ï ËÒ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:‡È ,· ‰·¯ Ìȯ·„ (Ë :‡ ,ÂË ˙ÈÚ˙ Ù"Ú (Á : ÁÒ ÌÈω˙ (Ê :Á ËÓ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú ( :„Î
:È-· Î Ì˘ (Ó :·Î-‡Î · ·-ÌÈÎÏÓ (Ï :· ,·Ù Ôȯ„‰Ò ‰‡¯ (Î :ËÈ Ë Ìȯ·„ ‰‡¯ (È
ÈÓÏ˘Â¯È (ˆ : „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ù :„È „Î ·-χÂÓ˘ (Ú :‰Î-ÊÈ Â Ì˘ (Ò :ÊÎ-ÂÎ ‚ χÈ„ ‰‡¯ (
:‡È-·  ÌÈω˙ (˜ :‰ ,‡ ˙Âί·
ÁÎ È˘ÈÏ˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 55
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ÈrÈLB‰¦¥ ¦ ÈLÙ¦ § © ‰ˆlÁ ¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰·eL ¨ :È˙Ó-„r¨ ¨ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰z‡Â ¨ © § „‡ÓŸ §
,È˙Á‡a
¦ ¨ § © § | Èzr‚È ¦ § © ¨ :Cl-‰„BÈ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ IB‡La § ¦ E¯ÎÊ ¤ § ¦ ˙Âna ¤ ¨ © Ôȇ¥ Èk¦ :EcÒÁ ¤§ ©
ÈÈr
¦ ¥ ÒrkÓ © © ¦ ‰LLr ¨ § ¨ :‰ÒÓ‡ ¤ § © ÈN¯r ¦ § © È˙rÓ„a ¦ ¨ § ¦ § È˙hÓ ¦ ¨ ¦ ‰ÏÈI-Ïη ¨ § © ¨ § ‰ÁN‡ ¤ § ©
:ÈÈÎa
¦ § ¦ ÏB˜ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÚÓL-Èk © ¨ ¦ Ô‡ ¤ ¨ ÈÏrt-Ïk¥ £ Ÿ ¨ ÈpnÓ ¦ ¤ ¦ e¯eÒ :ȯ¯Bˆ-ÏÎa ¨ § ¨ § ‰˜˙r̈¨ §
¨ §Ÿ
ȷȇ-Ïk ¨ „‡Ó Ÿ § eωaÈ £ ¨ ¦ § | eL·È Ÿ ¥ :ÁwÈ ¨ ¦ È˙lÙz ¦ ¨ ¦ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È˙pÁz ¦ ¨ ¦ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÚÓL̈ ©
:Ú‚¯ © ¨ eL·È Ÿ ¥ e·LÈ̈ ª
‡¯a ¨ § .‡ÓÏr ¨ § ¨ ÈiÁÏ ¥ © § ÏB‡L § ÔÓ¦ ˜ÈqÓ ¦ © .‰iÁÓe ¤ © § ˙ÈÓ¦ Óॠ,ÈqÓe ¥ © ign ¥ ©
‡c·r :dÈ·‡ÎÏ Èq‡ ÒÈÁ„ ȉe·‡ .dÈ˜Ï È‰e·‡ ÈËÁ „k
¨ § © ¥ ¥ § ¦ ¥ © ¦ ¨ § ¦ £ ¥ § © ¦ £ ¥ ¨ ©
C¯Îea¨§ C¯¨ a᧠:dȯÏB˜ ¥¨ ¯Èa˙ ¦ © § ·È‡z ¦ ¨ dÈ¯Ó ¥ ¨ .¯ÏB˜a ¨ § ˜ÈÙ ¦ ¨ „ȯӄ ¦¨ §
Ô‡
¨ £ Cc·r ¨ § © .Ôȯ¯Ó ¦ ¨ § ÔÈ„È‚a ¦ ¦ § ÔÈLÙ ¦ § © ȯ ¥ ¨ ‡‰¨ .Cn˜ ¨ © ÔÈËÁ ¨ ¦ ¨ § Ô‡ ¨£
eËÓa ¨ § .‡˙eȘIÓa ¨ ¦ § © § ‡‰¨ .‡È·La ¨ § ¦ § ‡‰¨ .‡˙Ê·a ¨ § ¦ § ‡‰¨ .Cn˜ ¨ © Ô„B¯Óe
¨¨ §
ȉ
¥ ¡ ¤ ‡Ïc ¨ § „r© .ÔIr ¨ £ ÛB˜˙c § ¦ ÔÈ·‡ÎI ¦ ¥ § ¦ Èq‡ ¥ © .ÔÈLÈÙc ¦ ¦ § ¦ CÓÁ¯a ¨ £ © § CpÓ ¨¦
:‡È·Ma ¨ § ¦ © ‡¯ÈÓb ¨ ¦§
ÈrÈÓLÓ
¥ ¦ § © :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ Ïr© aâ© ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .eÈÓÁ¯ ¥ £ © eÒÈΉ ¦ § © .ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © iqipkn ¥ ¦§ ©
ÈrÈÓLÓ
¥ ¦ § © :‰lÙz ¨ ¦ § rÓB ©¥ L ã ÈÙI ¥ § ¦ .e˙lÙz ¥ ¨ ¦ § eÚÈÓL‰ ¦ § © .‰lÙz ¨ ¦ §
eÒÈΉ ¦ § © .‰rÓ„ ¨ § ¦ ÈÒÈÎÓ ¥ ¦ § © :‰˜rˆ ¨ ¨ § rÓB ©¥ L ä ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .e˙˜rˆ ¥ ¨ £ © eÚÈÓL‰ ¦ § © .‰˜rˆ ¨¨§
‰pÁz¨ ¦ § ea¯‰Â § © § eÏczL‰ § © § ¦ :˙BÚÓ„a ¨ § ¦ ‰v¯˙Ó ¤ © § ¦ CIÓ ¤ ¤ ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ eÈ˙BÚÓ„ ¥ § ¦
ÂÈÙÏ
¨ ¨ § eÚÈÓL‰ ¦ § © .ÂÈÙI ¨ ¨ § e¯Èkʉ ¦ § © :‡O ¨ ¦ § Ì¯å¨ Ï‡¥ CÏÓ ¤ ¤ ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .‰Lw·e ¨ ¨©
‰iÁÈÂ
¤ © ¦ Ì˙·‰‡ ¨ ¨ £ © ¯BkÊȧ ¦ .¯Ùr ¨ ¨ ÈÎB ¥§ L ç ÏL ¤ ÌÈ·BË ¦ ÌÈNrÓe ¦ £ © ‰¯B¨ zæ
‰È‰ ¨ ¨ ÔÓ‡ ¨ ¡ ¤ ‰rB ¤ ¯é Ô‡ˆ Ÿ Èk¦ .·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ˙ȯ‡ ¦¥L è§ „·‡˙ © Ÿ ‡HL ¤ Ìr¯Ê ¨ §©
.erLÈ¥ § ¦ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ er ¥ £ ¯‰Ó ¥ © .‰ÈLI ¨ ¦ § ¦ § ÏL ¨ ÓÏ î̈ § „Á‡ ¨ ¤ ÈBbì χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ .‰t¯ ¨ § ÁIë¤ §
ÁÈLÓ
© ¦ § ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯a ¤ £ © § ‰rÈLB‰Â ¨ ¦ § ˙BL˜¨ ˙B¯Êb-IkÓ ¥ § ¨ ¦ e„Ùe ¥§
:Cnr ¨ © § C˜„ˆ ¨ §¦
ÔB‰lk § ª .dÈe·LÏ ¥ § ¦ ÔpÁ˙Ó„ ¥ © § ¦ § .‡È·L ¨ § ¦ ¯·k © § .ÔpÁ˙Ó ¨ ¥ © § ¦ CϨ .‡iÓL·c ¨ © § ¦ § oxn ¨¨
.ÈeÁ˙·e
¥ £ © § ÈÓÁ¯a ¥ £ © § χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ Cnr ¨ © § .ÔȘ¯t˙Ó ¦ § ¨ § ¦ ‡tÒÎa ¨ § © § .‡È·L ¨ § ¦ Èa ¥§
:CÓ„˜¨ ¨ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ̘ȯ ¨ ¥ ¯c‰ © § ¤ ‡Ic ¨ § ÔÈ˙eÚ·e ¦ ¨ ÔÈzI‡L ¦ § ¦ § ÔϨ ·‰©
Ô‡
¨ £ ȘÈLr ¥ ¦ £ .dȯÓÏ ¥ ¨ § ÔpÁ˙Óc¥ © § ¦ § ‡c·rk ¨ § © § .ÔpÁ˙Ó ¨ ¥ © § ¦ CϨ .‡iÓL·c ¨ © § ¦ § oxn ¨¨
˙ÈI¥ ‡ÏÈÁ ¨ ¥ .ÔÈLÈÙ„ ¦ ¦ § ¦ ÔÈ˙˜rÓ ¦ § © ¥ ÔÈLÙ ¦ § © ÔÈ¯È¯Ó ¦ ¦ § .ÔȯL ¨ ¦ ¨ ‡ÎBLÁ·e ¨ £©
:‡˙‰·‡
¨ ¨ ¨ § © Ìr¦ z¯Ê‚c ¨ § © § ¦ ‡Ói˜ ¨ ¨ © IÈ„a ¦ § „È·r ¦ £ .Ô¯Ó ¨ ¨ CÈev¯Ï¨ © § Ôä
¯Ó¢
,ÁÎ ˙Âί· („ :ÂË ,Ê ‰·¯ ˙ω˜ (‚ :·Î „ ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"‰Ú Ô˙ÂÈ Ì‚¯˙ (· : · ‡-χÂÓ˘ (‡ ‡"Â˙
‰ ‰ÎÈÓ (Ë :ËÈ ÂÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È (Á :Ë , ˙·‡ Ù"Ú (Ê :ÂË Ê ‰ÈÚ˘È ( :‡ ,ÂË ˙ÈÚ˙ (‰ :·
:Ì˘ ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ó :‡Î ÊÈ ‡-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ (Ï :Ë „Î ‰ÈÓ¯È Ù"Ú (Î :‚È ,Ê ‰·¯ ¯˙Ò‡ (È :Ê
È˘ÈÏ˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 56
,χ¯NÈ © Ÿ χÂ
¥ ¨ § ¦ „·‡È © § ,χ¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙ȯ‡ ¦¥L §á ¯BÓL ¥ ¨ § ¦ xnF
§ ,χ¯NÈ ¥ Wà
:χ¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ÚÓ© L §â ÌȯÓB‡‰
¦§ ¨
,„Á‡ © Ÿ χÂ
¨ ¤ ÈBb „·‡È ¨ ¤ rä© ˙ȯ‡L
© § ,„Á‡-Ì ¦ ¥ § ¯BÓL ¨ ¤ ÈBbã xnFW
§ ,„Á‡ ¥
:„Á‡¨ ¤ | ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ,eȉχ
¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â¨Ÿ‰È â § ,EÓL§ ¦ ÌÈ„ÁÈÓ‰
¦£© § ©
© Ÿ χÂ
ÈBb „·‡È © § ,LB„˜¨ Ìr©æ ˙ȯ‡L ¦ ¥ § ¯BÓL § ,LB„˜¨ ÈBbå xnFW ¥
:LB„˜Ï ¨ § ˙BM„˜ ª § LÏLaŸ ¨ § ÌÈLlLÓ‰ ¦ § © § © ,LB„˜¨
,Èr
¦ ¨ ¯B„ϧ Òit˙‰Â
¥ © § ¦ § ‰v¯˙‰¤ © § ¦ ,ÌÈeÁ˙a
¦ £ © § Òit˙Óe
¥ © § ¦ ,ÌÈÓÁ¯a ¦ £ © § dSxzn
¤ ©§ ¦
:¯ÊBÚ
¥ Ôȇ¥ Èk¦
:‰z‡ ¨ ¨ ‡l‡
¨ ¤ CÏÓ ¤ ¤ eϨ Ôȇ¥ ekÏÓ ¥ § © eÈ·¦ ‡è̈ :‰z‡ ¨ ¨ eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ ekÏÓ¥ § © Epia¦ `ç̈
ea¨ Ôȇ¥ Èk¦ erÂ
¥ £ © epÁ
¥ ¨ ekÏÓ
¥ § © eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ :eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ § © eÈ·¦ ‡ç̈
¥ © ekÏÓ
:erÈLB‰Â
¥ ¦ § ÏB„b‰ ¨ © EÓL § ¦ ÔrÓÏ
© © § „ÒÁ¤ ¤ ¨ ‰˜„ˆ
¨ ¨ § enr ¨ ¦ ‰Nr ¥ £ ÌÈNrÓ
¦ £©
¯ÎŸ Êë§ :eÈÈr
¥ ¥ EÈÏr ¤ ¨ Èk¦ ,‰Nrp-‰Ó ¤ £ © © Ú„ © ¥ ‡Ï Ÿ Epgp` § © £ e©é
:‰n‰ ¨ ¥ ÌÏBÚÓ ¨ ¥ Èk¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁ ¤ ¨ £ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EÈÓÁ¯ ¤£ ©
¨ ¨ § ¦ ‡î© :CϨ eÏÁÈ
eÏ-¯kÊz-I § © ¦ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ,eÈIr ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EcÒÁ-ȉ§ § © ¦ Èì§
:„‡ÓŸ § eBl„© Èk¦ ,EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © eeÓc˜È § © § ¯‰Ó ¥ © ,ÌÈBL‡¯¦ ¦ ˙BÂrŸ£
:¯BkÊz § ¦ ÌÁ¯ ¤Ÿ añ§ :Êe· er·N
¥ © Ê‚¯ § © ¨ ·¯-Èk © ¦ ,epÁ ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ep¥ Áð̈
¤Ÿ § :¯BkÊz
Ê‚¯a § ¦ ˙BÓÈÓz ¦ § Ê‚¯a ¤Ÿ § :¯BkÊ˙ § ¦ ‰„˜r ¨ ¥ £ Ê‚¯a ¤Ÿ §
-ÌBÈ·§ erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰ ¨ ¦ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èò§ :¯BkÊ˙ § ¦ ‰·‰‡ ¨£©
| e¯Ê¥ § rö̈ :eÁ‡
§ ¨ £ ¯Ùr-Èk
¨ ¨ ¦ ¯eÎʨ ,e¯ˆÈ ¥ § ¦ Ú„È © ¨ ‡e‰-Èkô¦ :e‡¯˜ ¥ §¨
¯tÎÂ
¥ © § eÏÈv‰Â¥ ¦ © § ,EÓL-„B·k¤ § § ¯·c-Ïr © § © erLÈ ¥ § ¦ ȉχ ¥Ÿ ¡
:EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ ¥ Ÿ © ©
© © § eÈ˙‡hÁ-Ïr
CÈÏÓÈÂ
¦ § © § d˙eÚ¯Î
¥ § ¦ ‡¯· ¨ § Èc¦ ‡ÓÏra
¨ § ¨ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL © © § ¦ § lCBz
¥ § Lc˜˙ÈÂ © © § i1¦
ÔBÎÈiÁa
¥ © § :ÔÓ‡ .dÁÈLÓ
¥ ¦ § ·¯˜ÈÂ
¥ ¨ ¦ d˜¯et
¥¨ § ÁÓˆÈÂ
© § © § ,d˙eÎIÓ
¥ § ©
ÔÂÎÈÓÂÈ·Â
:Á ‚ ¯˙Ò‡ (‰ :‚Î Ê ·-χÂÓ˘ („ :„  Ìȯ·„ (‚ : ‡Ï ‰ÈÓ¯È (· :„ ‡Î˜ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
·-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ (È :· ,‰Î ˙ÈÚ˙ (Ë :‡ , ˙ÈÚ˙ Û"ȯ (Á :Â Ê Ìȯ·„ (Ê : ËÈ ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (Â
:· ‚ ˜Â˜·Á (Ò :‚ ‚Θ Ì˘ ( :Á ËÚ Ì˘ (Ó :·Î ‚Ï Ì˘ (Ï : ‰Î ÌÈω˙ (Î :·È Î
:Ë ËÚ Ì˘ (ˆ :„È ‚˜ Ì˘ (Ù :È Î ÌÈω˙ (Ú
,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‰ÁÈ˘Ó ·¯˜È ,‡·¯ ‰Ó˘ ˙·È˙‰ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘È„˜· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ (1 ˙‚‰‰
(¯Ó‡ ˙ˆ˜ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ͯ·˙È . . ‰Ó˘ ‡‰È (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁÂ
ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‡Â‰ Íȯ· ‡˘„˜„ ‰Ó˘ (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) Ïω˙È . . Á·˙˘ÈÂ
.(6 'ÓÚ ,ÌÈ‚‰Ó‰ ¯ÙÒ)
ËÎ È˘ÈÏ˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 57
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,·È¯˜ ¦ ¨ ÔÓÊ·e
© § ¦ ‡Ï‚ra¨ ¨ £ © ,χ¯NÈ¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-Ï΄
¥ ¨ § ÈiÁ·e ¥ © § ÔBÎÈÓBÈ·e
¥ §
ÁazLÈÂ
© © § ¦ § C¯a˙È ¥ ¨ § ¦ :‡iÓÏr¨ © § ¨ ÈÓIrÏe
¥ § ¨ § ÌÏrÏ © ¨ § C¯·Ó© ¨ § ‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § ‡‰È ¥§
‡L„e˜c
¨ § § dÓL ¥ § Il‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‰lr˙ÈÂ
¤ © § ¦ § ¯c‰˙Ȩ © § ¦ § ‡O˙ÈÂ
¥ © § ¦ § ÌÓB¯˙ÈÂ
¨ § ¦ § ¯‡t˙È ¥ ¨ § ¦§
,‡˙ÓÁÂ
¨ ¨ ¡ ¤ § ‡˙ÁaLz
¨ ¨ § § ª ,‡˙¯ÈL ¨ ¨ ¦ § ‡˙ίa-Ïk
¨ ¨ § ¦ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ‡lrÏ ¨ ¥ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡e‰ Cȯa ¦§
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,‡ÓIra¨ § ¨ § Ô¯ÈÓ‡c
¨ ¦ £ ©
Èc¦ ÔB‰e·‡£ Ì„˜ ¨ ¢ ,χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-Ï΄ ¥ ¨ § ÔB‰˙eÚ·e § ¨ ÔB‰˙Bψ § § lAwzY ¥© § ¦
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡ § ¦ Â1§ ,‡iÓL·
¨© § ¦
,χ¯NÈ-Ïk
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¨ Ïr © § eÈÏr¥ ¨ ÌÈ·BË ¦ ÌÈiÁÂ
¦ © § ‡iÓL
¨ © § ÔÓ¦ ‡a¯ ¨ © ‡ÓÏL ¨ ¨ § `di ¥§
:ÔÓ‡¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦§
,χ¯NÈ-Ïk
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¨ Ïr © § eÈÏr¥ ¨ ÌBÏL ¨ ‰NrÈ ¤ £ © ‡e‰ ,ÂÈÓB¯Óa ¨ § ¦ ÌBÏL ¨ dU ¤2 Ÿrà
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦§

ȯ˘‡
:· ‰Î ·Âȇ (‡ ‡"Â˙
.(6 'ÓÚ ,ÌÈ‚‰Ó‰ ¯ÙÒ) ˙ˆ˜Ó· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ Z Ï·˜˙˙ Ï˘ ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú˘· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰ ÔÈÓÈÏ Z ‰˘ÂÚ :˘È„˜ Ï˘ ÌÂÏ˘ ‰˘ÂÚ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰Â ˙ÈÈˉ (2
ÚˆÓ‡· Z ÔÓ‡ . . ‡Â‰ ¢‡¯ Û˜ÂÊ ,ÚˆÓ‡· Z ÂÈÓ¯ӷ .ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰ Ï‡Ó˘Ï Z ÌÂÏ˘
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó)
ÈÚÈ·¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 58

:‰Ïq ¨ ¤ EeÏÏ‰È § © § „BÚ ,E˙È· ¤ ¥ È·LBÈ ¥ § ixW¥ § `©à


Ìr‰¨ ¨ ȯL‡ ¥ § © ,BJ ‰ÎkL ¨ ¨ ¤ Ìr‰ ¨ ¨ ȯL ¥ § ‡©á
EÓÓB¯‡
§ ¦ £ ,„Â„Ï ¦ ¨ § ‰J‰ ¨ ¦ z⧠:ÂȉG‡ ¨ ¡ ‰Â‰ÈL ¨Ÿ § ¤
:„r¤ ¨ ÌIBÚϨ § EÓL § ¦ ‰Î¯·‡Â ¨ § ¨ £ © ,CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © ȉBI‡ © ¡
ÌÏBÚÏ
¨ § EÓL § ¦ ‰Iω‡Â ¨ § © £ © ,jί·‡ ¨ ¤ § ¨ £ ÌBÈ-IÎa ¨ §
Ôȇ¥ B˙l„‚I¨ ª § ¦ § ,„‡Ó Ÿ § IJ‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„b¨ :„rÂ̈ ¤
¤Ÿ
EÈ˙¯e·‚e § ,EÈNrÓ ¤ £ © ÁaLÈ © © § ¯B„I§ ¯Bc :¯˜Á ¤¥
¤ Ÿ § § ¦ ȯ·„Â
EÈ˙‡ÏÙ ¥ § ¦ § ,E„B‰ ¤ „B·k§ ¯„‰ © £ :e„ÈbÈ ¦©
E˙J„‚e
§ ¨ ª § ,e¯Ó‡È ¥ Ÿ EÈ˙‡¯B ¤ Ÿ § ÊeÊr ¡ ¤ :‰ÁÈN‡ ¨ ¦ ¨
E˙˜„ˆÂ
§ ¨ § ¦ § ,eÚÈaÈ ¦ © E·eË-·¯§ © ¯ÎÊ ¤ ¤ :‰p¯tÒ‡ ¨¤§ ©£
-I„‚e ¨ § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌeÁ¯Â © § ÔepÁ© :ep¯È ¥ ©§
-Ïk-Ïr
¨ © ÂÈÓÁ¯Â ¨ £ © § ,ÏkI Ÿ © ‰Â‰È-·BË ¨Ÿ § :„ÒÁ̈¤
EÈ„ÈÒÁÂ
¤ ¦ £ © ,EÈNrÓ-Ïk ¤ £ © ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Ee„BÈ :ÂÈNrÓ ¨ £©
E˙¯e·‚e
§ ¨ § ,e¯Ó‡È ¥ Ÿ E˙eÎÏÓ § § © „B·k§ :‰Îeί·È ¨ §¨ §
¨Ÿ
,ÂÈ˙¯e·b § Ì„‡‰ ¨ ¨ ¨ È·Ï ¥ § ¦ | rÈ„B‰Ï © ¦ § :e¯a„È ¥ ©§
˙eÎÏÓ § © ,E˙eÎIÓ § § © :B˙eÎÏÓ § © ¯„‰ © £ „B·Îe §
Ÿ ¨ ¯Bc-IÎa
:¯„ ¨ § EzÏLÓÓe § §© § ¤ ¦ ¨Ÿ
,ÌÈÓÏÚ-Ik̈
-ÏÎI ¨ § Û˜BÊ ¥ § ,ÌÈÏÙp‰-IÎI ¦ § Ÿ © ¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § CÓBÒ ¥
‰z‡Â¨ © § ,e¯aNÈ ¥ © § EÈI‡ ¤ ¥ ÏÎ-ÈÈr Ÿ ¥ ¥ :ÌÈÙeÙk‰ ¦ § ©
,E„È-˙‡
¤ ¨ ¤ Á˙Bt © ¥ :Bzra ¦ § ÌÏ·-˙‡¨ § ¨ ¤ ̉I-Ô˙B ¤¨ ¥
-IÎa ¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ˜Ècˆ ¦ © :ÔBˆ¯¨ ÈÁ-ÏÎI © ¨ § rÈaNÓe © ¦ § ©
ÂÈί„
:ÍÏȇ ‡ ‰Ó˜ Ì˘ (‚ :ÂË „Ó˜ Ì˘ (· :‰ „Ù ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
Ï ÈÚÈ·¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 59

-ÏÎÏ ¨Ÿ § ·B¯˜¨ :ÂÈNrÓ-ÏÎa


¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨ £ © ¨ § „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ § ,ÂÈίc
¨ ¨ §
-ÔBˆ¯§ :˙Ó‡· ¤ ¡ ¤ e‰‡¯˜È ª ¨ § ¦ ¯L‡¤ £ ÏÎI Ÿ § ,Âȇ¯˜ ¨ §Ÿ
:ÌrÈLBÈÂ
¥ ¦ § ÚÓLÈ © § ¦ Ì˙rÂL-˙‡Â
¨ ¨§© ¤ § ,‰NrÈ ¤ £ © Âȇ¯È¨ ¥§
¨ £Ÿ
-Ïk¨ ˙‡Â¥ § ,ÂÈ·‰‡-Ik-˙‡ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯ÓBL ¥
,Èt¦ ¯a„Ȥ © § ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ˙l‰z © ¦ § :„ÈÓLÈ ¦ § © ÌÈrL¯‰̈¦¨ §
:„r¤ ¨ ÌIBÚÏ
¨ § BL„˜ § ¨ ÌL ¥ ¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ C¯·È ¥¨ ¦
:dÈeIω
¨ § © ÌIBÚ-„rÂ
¨ © § ‰zrÓ¨ © ¥ ,dȨ C¯· § © £ Âà©
¥ ¨ § | eÁ‡
:˘È„˜ ȈÁ ı"˘Ï
CÈÏÓÈÂ
¦ § © § d˙eÚ¯Î
¥ § ¦ ‡¯· ¨ § Èc¦ ‡ÓÏra¨ § ¨ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § Lc˜˙È© © § ¦ § lCBz
© © § i1¦
ÔBÎÈiÁa
¥ © § :ÔÓ‡ .dÁÈLÓ ¥ ¦ § ·¯˜È ¥ ¨ ¦ d˜¯et
¥¨ § ÁÓˆÈÂ
© § © § ,d˙eÎIÓ
¥ § ©
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,·È¯˜ ¦ ¨ ÔÓÊ·e
© § ¦ ‡I‚ra
¨ ¨ £ © ,I‡¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-I΄
¥ ¨ § ÈiÁ·e ¥ © § ÔBÎÈÓBÈ·e
¥ §
ÁazLÈÂ
© © § ¦ § C¯a˙È ¥ ¨ § ¦ :‡iÓÏr
¨ © § ¨ ÈÓIrÏe
¥ § ¨ § ÌÏrÏ © ¨ § C¯·Ó © ¨ § ‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § ‡‰È ¥§
‡L„e˜c
¨ § § dÓL ¥ § Il‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‰lr˙ÈÂ
¤ © § ¦ § ¯c‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‡O˙ÈÂ
¥ © § ¦ § ÌÓB¯˙ÈÂ
¨ § ¦ § ¯‡t˙ÈÂ¥ ¨ § ¦§
,‡˙ÓÁÂ
¨ ¨ ¡ ¤ § ‡˙ÁaLz
¨ ¨ § § ª ,‡˙¯ÈL ¨ ¨ ¦ § ‡˙ίa-Ïk
¨ ¨ § ¦ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ‡lrÏ ¨ ¥ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡e‰ Cȯa ¦§
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,‡ÓIra
¨ § ¨ § Ô¯ÈÓ‡c
¨ ¦ £ ©

¥ § ¦ Ó©â :ÌÈt‰
ÔB‡˙p-‰ ¦ ¨ © ˙La ¤ Ÿ eÏ ¨ § ,‰˜„v‰
¨ ¨ § © È„‡¨Ÿ £ Ll§ á
¨ § § ä© :˜cˈp-‰Óe
‰NtÁ ¨© §¦ © ¯a„p-‰Ó
¥ © § © ¯Ó‡p-‰ © Ÿ Óe ©ã
‰ËeLÙ
¨ § EÈÓ § ¦ Èå§ Èk¦ ,EÈχ ¤ ¥ ‰·eL¨ ¨ § ‰¯˜Á ¨Ÿ § © § eÈί„
¥ ¨ §
,EÈÙÏ
¤ ¨ § e‡a¨ ÌÈNrÓ·-‡Ï¦ £ © § Ÿ § „ÒÁ·-‡Ï ¤ ¤ § Ÿ :ÌÈ·L ¦ ¨ Ïa˜I¥ ©§
ÌeÁ¯æ© e˜Ù„ § © ¨ EÈ˙Ïc ¤ ¨ § :EÈ˙I„ ¤ ¨ § e˜Ùc§ © ¨ ÌÈL¯Îe
¦ ¨ § ÌÈl„k¦ ©§
ekÏÓ
¥ § © EÈÙJÓ
¤ ¨ § ¦ :EÈÙlÓ¤ ¨ § ¦ ̘ȯ ¨ ¥ e·ÈLz-χ
¥ ¦ § © ‡¨ ,ÔepÁ ©§
:‰JÙz © ¥ Lç ‰z‡
¨ ¦ § rÓB ¨ © Èk¦ ,e·ÈLz
¥ ¦ § χ© ̘ȯ ¨ ¥
ÚÓ¢
‰Îȇ (‰ :ÊË „Ó ˙È˘‡¯· Ù"Ú („ :ËÏ ‚ ‰Îȇ Ù"Ú (‚ :Ê Ë Ï‡È„ (· :ÁÈ Â˘ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:· ,ÁÎ ˙Âί· (Á : „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ÁÏ˘· ‡ÓÂÁ˙ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ó Ì˘
,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‰ÁÈ˘Ó ·¯˜È ,‡·¯ ‰Ó˘ ˙·È˙‰ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘È„˜· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ (1 ˙‚‰‰
(¯Ó‡ ˙ˆ˜ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ͯ·˙È . . ‰Ó˘ ‡‰È (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁÂ
ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‡Â‰ Íȯ· ‡˘„˜„ ‰Ó˘ (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) Ïω˙È . . Á·˙˘ÈÂ
.(6 'ÓÚ ,ÌÈ‚‰Ó‰ ¯ÙÒ)
ÈÚÈ·¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 60
Ÿ £ © § ¦ § ¯Na-ÏÎ
˙ÂÁzL‰Ï ¨ ¨ ¨ ‡B·Èá̈ :e‡·È Ÿ ¨ ¯Na-Ïk ¨ ¨ ¨ EÈ„r ¤ ¨ ,‰lÙz ¨ ¦ § ÓnF ©¥ W à
:EÓLI¤ § ¦ e„aÎÈ § © ¦ ,È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ EÈÙÏ £ © § ¦ § | e‡B·Èâ̈ :‰Â‰È
¤ ¨ § eÂÁzLÈ ¨Ÿ § EÈÙI ¤¨§
| ÂȯrL ¨ ¨ § e‡Ÿaä :eNÚ ¥ Ÿ ‰Â‰È-ÈÙÏ ¨Ÿ § ¥ § ¦ ‰Î¯· ¨ § § ¦ ,‰r¯Î ¨ ¨ § ¦ § ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ e‡Ÿaã
¨Ÿ § ¤ eίa
‰Â‰È-˙‡ § ¨ | ‰p¥ ‰å¦ :BÓL § eίa § ¨ BÏ-e„B‰ ,‰l‰˙a ¨ ¦ § ¦ ÂÈ˙¯ˆÁ ¨ Ÿ ¥ £ ‰„B˙a ¨ §
,L„˜ ¤Ÿ Ì΄È-e‡N ¤ ¥§ § :˙BÏÈla ¨Ÿ §
¥ © ‰Â‰È-˙È·a ¥ § ÌÈ„ÓÚ‰ ¦ § Ÿ ¨ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È„·r-Ïk̈¥§ ©
eÓÓB§ ¯ç :ÂÈÏ‚¯ ¨ § © Ì„‰Ï Ÿ £ © ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ ,ÂÈ˙BkLÓÏ ¨ § § ¦ § ‰‡B ¨ ·æ ¨ :‰Â‰È-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ¤ eί·e §¨
eȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eÓÓB § ¯è :‡e‰ LB„˜¨ ,ÂÈÏ‚¯ ¨ § © Ì„‰Ï Ÿ £ © eÂÁzL‰Â £ © § ¦ § eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ §
¨Ÿ © eÂÁzL
‰Â‰ÈÏ £ © § ‰é¦ :eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § LB„˜-Èk ¨ ¦ ,BL„˜ § ¨ ¯‰Ï © § eÂÁzL‰Â £ © § ¦§
‡B·¨ EcÒÁ § § © ·¯a Ÿ § eÁ‡ § © £ Âë© :ı¯‡‰-Ïk¤ ¨ ¨ ¨ ÂÈtÓ ¨ ¨ ¦ eIÈÁ¦ ,L„˜-˙¯„‰a ¤Ÿ © §© §
ÏÎȉ-χ
© ¥ ¤ ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ì¦ :E˙‡¯Èa ¤ ¨ § ¦ § EL„˜-ÏÎȉ-χ
§ § ¨ © ¥ ¤ ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ ,E˙È· ¤ ¥
-Ïk-Ïr
¨ © zÏc‚‰-Èk ¨ § © § ¦ ¦ ,EzÓ‡-Ir ¤ ¦ £ © § EcÒÁ-Ïr § § © © EÓL-˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ‰„B ¤ § EL„˜ § §¨
E˙eÓ‡Â
§ ¨ ¡ ¤ ,dȨ | ÔÈÒÁ ¦ £ EBÓÎ-ÈÓ ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ | ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ îȧ :E˙¯Ó‡ ¤ ¨ § ¦ EÓL § ¦
:ÌÈI‡ ¦ ¥ È·a ¥ § ¦ ‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨Ÿ © ‰Ó„È ¤ § ¦ ,‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨Ÿ © C¯rÈ Ÿ £ © ˜ÁM· © © © ÈÓ¦ Èkð¦ :EÈ˙B·È·Ò ¤ ¦ §
ÏB„‚-È ¨ kò¦ :Ec·I ¤ © § Ìȉχ ¦ Ÿ ¡ ‰z‡ ¨ © ,˙B‡IÙ ¨ § ¦ ‰NÚ ¥ Ÿ § ‰z‡ ¨ © IB„‚-È ¨ kñ¦
Ÿ § Ïl‰Óe
,„‡Ó ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„bô̈ :EzÓ‡ ¤ ¦ £ ÌȘÁL-„r ¦ ¨ § © § ,EcÒÁ ¤ § © ÌÈÓL-ÏrÓ ¦© ¨ ©¥
‡e‰ ‡¯B ¨ ,„‡Ó Ÿ § Ïl‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„‚¨ Èkö¦ :¯˜Á ¤ ¥ Ôȇ¥ B˙l„‚Ï ¨ ª§ ¦ §
¯L¤ ‡£ø :Ìȉχ-Ïk-Ïr¦ Ÿ ¡ ¨ © IB„b¨ CÏÓe ¤ ¤ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„b¨ χ¥ Èk÷¦ :Ìȉχ-Ïk-Ir ¦Ÿ ¡ ¨ ©
‡G ÈÓù¦ :E˙¯e·‚Π¤ Ÿ § ¦ § EÈNrÓÎ ¤ £ © § ‰NrÈ-¯L‡ ¤ £ © ¤ £ ı¯‡·e ¤ ¨ ¨ ÌÈÓMa ¦ © ¨ © χ-ÈÓ ¥ ¦
Ì˙eÎÏÓ-Ïηe
¨ § © ¨ § ÌÈBb‰ ¦ © ÈÓÎÁ-Ïη ¥ § © ¨ § Èk¦ ,‰˙‡È ¨ ¨ ¨ Eϧ Èk¦ ÌÈBb‰ ¦ © CÏÓ ¤ ¤ E‡¯È £ ¨¦
Eϧà :‰¯e·‚a ¨ § ¦ EÓL § ¦ ÏB„‚ ¨ § ‰z‡ ¨ © ÏB„b¨ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EBÓk¨ Ôȇ¥ Óú¥ :EBÓk¨ ÔÈ‡Ó ¥ ¥
‰z‡ ¨ © ,‰ÏÈI ¨ § ¨ EI-Û‡ § © ÌBÈ Eϧá :EÈÓÈ ¤ ¦ § Ìe¯z¨ E„ȧ ¨ ÊÚz Ÿ ¨ ,‰¯e·b-Ìr ¨ § ¦ rB¯Ê © §
:BÏ Ìȯ‰ ¦ ¨ ˙ÙrB˙ Ÿ £ § ,ı¯‡-ȯ˜ÁÓ ¤ ¨ ¥ § § ¤ B„Èa ¨ § ¯L ¤ ‡£â :LÓL ¤ ¨ ¨ ¯B‡Ó¨ ˙BÈΉ ¨ ¦£
‰l„b‰
¨ ª § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Eϧä :B˙J‰z-Ïk ¨ ¦ § ¨ rÈÓLÈ © ¦ § © ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ˙B¯e·b§ IlÓÈ ¥ © § ÈÓã¦
¨Ÿ § Eϧ ,ı¯‡·e
‰Â‰È ¤ ¨ ¨ ÌÈÓMa ¦ © ¨ © ÏÎ-Èk Ÿ ¦ ,„B‰‰Â © § Áˆp‰Â © ¥ © § ˙¯‡Ùz‰Â ¤ ¤ § ¦ © § ‰¯e·b‰Â ¨ §©§
Ï·z
¥ ¥ ,ı¯‡ ¤ ¨ EI-Û‡ § © ÌÈÓL ¦ © ¨ Eϧ å :L‡¯Ï Ÿ § | ÏÎÏ Ÿ § ‡O˙n‰Â ¥ © § ¦ © § ,‰ÎIÓn‰ ¨¨ § © ©
Û¯Á¤Ÿ ¨ ıȘ ¦ © ,ı¯‡ ¤ ¨ ˙BÏe·b-Ïk § ¨ z·v‰ ¨ § © ¦ ‰z¨ ‡©æ :Ìz„ÒÈ ¨ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ © d‡ÏÓe ¨Ÿ §
:ÌÈiˆÏ ¦ ¦ § ÌrÏ © § IÎ‡Ó ¨ £ © epzz ¤ § ¦ ,Ô˙ÈÂÏ ¨ ¨ § ¦ ÈL‡¯ ¥ ¨ zˆv¯ ¨ § © ¦ ‰z¨ ‡ç© :Ìz¯ˆÈ ¨ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ ©
¨ § © ‰z¨ ‡è© :Ô˙ȇ
z¯¯BÙ ¨ ¥ ˙B¯‰ £ © zL·B‰
¨ § © ‰z‡ ¨ © ,ÏÁÂ © ¨ ¨ ÔÈrÓ¨ § © zr˜· ¨ § © ¨ ‰z‡ ¨ ©
êÊÚ·
:„ ˜ Ì˘ (‰ : ‰ˆ Ì˘ („ :Ë ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚Î ÂÒ ‰ÈÚ˘È (· :‚ ‰Ò ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
Á ‰ Ì˘ (Î :Ë Âˆ Ì˘ (È :Ë Ì˘ (Ë :‰ ˈ Ì˘ (Á :Ê ·Ï˜ Ì˘ (Ê :·-‡ „Ϙ Ì˘ (Â
:‰ Á˜ Ì˘ (Ú :È ÂÙ Ì˘ (Ò :Ê Ì˘ ( :Ë ËÙ Ì˘ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ÁϘ Ì˘ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
:Â Ì˘ (˙ :Ê È ‰ÈÓ¯È (˘ :„Î ‚ Ìȯ·„ (¯ :‚ ‰ˆ Ì˘ (˜ :„ ˆ Ì˘ (ˆ :‚ ‰Ó˜ Ì˘ (Ù
:‡È ËÎ ‡-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ (‰ :· ˜ Ì˘ („ :„ ‰ˆ Ì˘ (‚ :ÊË „Ú Ì˘ (· :„È ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (‡
:‚È Ì˘ (Ë :ÂË-„È Ì˘ (Á :ÊÈ „Ú Ì˘ (Ê :·È ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (Â
‡Ï ÈÚÈ·¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 61
,Ìi‰
¨ © ˙e‡‚a ¥ § ÏLBÓ ¥ ‰z¨ ‡à© :ÌÈn‰-Ïr
¦ ¨ © © ÌÈÈp˙ ¦ ¦ © ÈL‡¯
¥ ¨ z¯aL ¨ § © ¦ ,ÌȨ Efr· §¨ §
¥ Ÿ ¡ ¯Èra
eȉχ ¦ § ,„‡Ó Ÿ § ÏJ‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„bá̈ :ÌÁaL˙ ¥ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ © ÂÈl‚ ¨ © ‡BNa§
¦ Ÿ ¡ ¨ ‡e‰-‰z‡
Ìȉχ‰ ¨ © ÌÈ·¯k‰ ¦ ª § © ·LÈ ¥ Ÿ χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ È⧠:BL„˜-¯‰ §¨ ©
e„BÈä§ :ÂÈ·È·Ò-Ïk-Ïr
¨ ¦ § ¨ © ‡¯B ¨ § ,‰a¯ ¦Ÿ §
¨ © ÌÈL„˜-„BÒa § ı¯r ¨ £ © χ㥠:Ec·Ï ¤©§
¨Ÿ © ‰p¯
,‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨ § © § eÎϧ å :ÌÈL„˜ ¦ Ÿ § ω˜a © § ¦ E˙eÓ‡-Û‡§ ¨ ¡ © ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § E‡Ït £ § ¦ ÌÈÓL ¦© ¨
˜„¤ ˆ¤æ :BÏ rȯ © ¦ ¨ ˙B¯ÓÊa ¦ § ¦ ,‰„B˙a ¨ § ÂÈÙ ¨ ¨ ‰Óc˜ ¨ § © § :erLÈ ¥ § ¦ ¯eˆÏ§ ‰rȯ ¨ ¦¨
˜ÈzÓ¦ § © ÂcÁÈ ¨ § © ¯L ¤ ‡£ç :EÈÙ ¤ ¨ eÓc˜È § © § ˙Ӈ ¤ ¡ ¤ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ,E‡Òk ¤ § ¦ ÔBÎÓ§ ËtLÓe ¨ § ¦
˙LaÈÂ
¤ ¤ © § ,e‰Nr ¨ ¨ ‡e‰Â§ Ìi‰ ¨ © BÏ-¯L ¤ ‡£è :L‚¯a ¤ ¨ § Cl‰¥ © § Ìȉχ ¦ Ÿ ¡ ˙È·a ¥ § ,„BÒ
CϨ ‰ÓLp‰ ¨ ¨ § © :Lȇ-¯Na-Ïk ¦ © § ¨ Áe¯Â © § ,ÈÁ-Ïk ¨ ¨ LÙ ¤ ¤ B„Èa ¨ § ¯L ¤ ‡£é :e¯ˆÈ ¨ ¨ ÂȄȨ¨
‰Nr¥ £ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èë§ ,ClL ¨ ¤ Ûeb‰Â © § CI¨ ‰ÓLp‰ ¨ ¨ § © :CÏÓr ¨ ¨ £ Ïr© ‰ÒeÁ ¨ ,CÏrt
¨ ¢ ¨ Ûeb‰Â ©§
„B·k§ ¯e·ra £ © :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èë§ EÓL § ¦ Ïr© e‡˙‡ ¨ ¨ :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ ©©§
¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒÂ
Èk¦ eÂrÏ ¨ § © ¨ § ,‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § EÓL-Ôr§ ¦ © ÓÏ î© § :EÓL ¤ § ÌeÁ¯Â © § ÔepÁ-χ© ¥ Èk ì ¦ ,EÓL § ¦
:‡e‰-·¯©
.eÈ‚L
¦ ¨ ezÏe‡ Ÿ § Èk¦ ,eÈ·‡
¥ § © ¦ ·¯a ¦ ¨ eÏ-ÁÏÒ
¨ © §
¥Ÿ £ ea¯© Èk¦ ,ekÏÓ
:eÈÂr ¥ § © eI-ÏÁÓ
¨ © §
ÌÈrL¦ ¨ § ¦ e‡¨ EÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ïr¤ § ¦ © § .ÌÈÁeË· ¦ § e‡¨ ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr¤ £ © © iMð¦
CÏÓ
¤ ¤ ‡e‰ ‰z‡ ¨ © :ÌÈtˆÓ ¦ © § e‡¨ E˙reLÈÏÂ
§ ¨ ¦ § ÌÈe˜Ó
¦ © § e‡¨ EÈ˙BÁÈÏÒϤ ¦ §¦§
˙¯Bk ¥ .Âȇ¯È ¨ ¥ § ˙‡hÁ Ÿ © ¯ÈÒÓe ¦ ¥ ,Bnr© ˙BÂr Ÿ £ ¯È·rÓ ¦ £ © .Ì„wÓ ¤ ¤ ¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ·‰B ¥ ‡ñ
Ôra
© £ © z„¯iL¨ § © ¨ ¤ ‡e‰ ‰z¨ ‡ò© :ÌÈB¯Á‡Ï ¦ £ © ¨ ‰re·L ¨ § Ìi˜Óe ¥ © § ,ÌÈBL‡¯I¦ ¦ ¨ ˙ȯa ¦§
-˙BÁ¯‡Â § ¨ § .Ec·r ¤ § © ‰LÓÏ ¤ Ÿ § E·eË § Èί„¥ § © ˙ȇ¯‰Â
¨ ¥ § ¤ § ÈÈÒ © ¦ ¯‰-Ïr © © E„B·k ¤ §
ÌÈt‡¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χô¥ ‰z‡ ¨ © Èk¦ Bzr„B‰Â § © § .BÏ ˙Èlb ¨ ¦ ¦ EÈ„ÒÁ ¤¨ £
ÔÎÂ¥ § :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ ˙cÓa © ¦ § Blkª ÌÏBÚ‰ ¨ ¨ ‚ȉÓe ¦ § © .·ÈˉI ¦ ¥ § ‰a¯Óe ¤ § © „ÒÁ-·¯Â ¤ ¤ ©§
‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ÌL· ¥ § È˙‡¯˜Â¦ ¨ ¨ § EÈt-Ïr¤ ¨ © È·eË-Ïk ¦ ¨ ¯È·r‡ ¦ £ © È‡ ¦ £ ¯Ó‡i ¤ Ÿ Âö© ,·e˙k¨
:ÌÁ¯‡¥ © £ ¯L‡-˙‡
¤ £ ¤ ÈzÓÁ¯Â ¦ § © ¦ § ÔÁ‡ Ÿ ¨ ¯L‡-˙‡ ¤ £ ¤ È˙pÁ ¦ Ÿ © § ,EÈÙÏ
¤¨§
C¯„ ¤ ¤ § ,˙‡¯˜¨ ¥ § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ Ïr© ·e ©÷ ‰z‡ ¨ © ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯¤ ‡¤ô l`¥
Ÿ § ¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁÂ
ÌBi‰© ¯kÊz ¤ ¨ £ © EÈÓÁ¯
¤ £ © ˙l„b
© ª § :˙ȯB‰
¨ ¥ ‰·eLz ¨ §
‰z‡
¨ © Èk¦ ,ÌÈÓÁ¯a¦ £ © § eÈI‡
¥ ¥ ÔÙz
¤ ¥ :EÈ„È„È
¤ ¦ § Ú¯ÊÏ
© ¤ § ÌBÈ-Iηe
¨ §
,Ìc˜
¥ © § EÈt ¤ ¨ ‰JÙ˙·e
¨ ¦ § ¦ ÔeÁ˙a
£ © § :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰
¦ £ © ¨ Ïra © © ‡e‰
˙ڄ‰Î
Ì˘ (‰ :Á ËÙ ÌÈω˙ („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ËÈ ·-ÌÈÎÏÓ (‚ :· ÁÓ Ì˘ (· :È ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
‰ÈÓ¯È (Î :È ·È ·Âȇ (È :‰ ‰ˆ Ì˘ (Ë :ÂË ‰ Ì˘ (Á :ÂË ËÙ Ì˘ (Ê :·-‡ ‰ˆ Ì˘ ( :Â
Ù"Ú (Ò :ÁÈ Ë Ï‡È„ Ù"Ú ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡È ‰Î ÌÈω˙ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡Ï Ë ‰ÈÓÁ (Ï :Ê „È
:ÂË ,Ê ‰·¯ ˙ω˜ (˜ :ËÈ ‚Ï Ì˘ (ˆ :Â Ì˘ (Ù :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ ‰‡¯ (Ú :Ê ‡È ÌÈω˙
ÈÚÈ·¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 62
E˙¯B˙a
§ ¨ § BÓk§ ,·eL Et‡ § © ÔB¯Á£ Ó¥à :Ì„wÓ¤ ¤ ¦ ÂrÏ
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © §
¨Ÿ § „¯i
‰Â‰È ¤ ¥Ââ© ÌBÈk§ ,ÔBI˙Â
¨ § ¦ § ‰ÒÁ ¤ ¡ ¤ EÈÙk
¤ ¨ § Iˆ¥ ·e ᧠:·e˙k¨
Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙i ¥ © § ¦ Ââ© ÌBÈk§ ,ÌL‡
¨ ¨ ‰ÁÓ˙¤ § ¦ § ÚLt-Ir
© ¤ © ¯·r Ÿ £ zã© :Ôra
¨¨ ¤
‡¯˜i¨ § ¦ Ââ© ÌBÈk§ ,¯Ó‡Ó ¨ £ © epÓ¤ ·ÈL˜˙ ¦ § © § e˙rÂL
¥ ¨ § © ÔÈʇz ¦ £ © :ÌL ¨
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § ,‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ÌL¥ ·1§
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰

‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Âä©
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âå§
¨ © kæ¦ :erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨ © § ·BË È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
˜„ˆa
¤ ¤ § EÓL· § ¦ § ‡¯B˜-ÔÈ¥ ‡è¥ :Ôȇ ¦ ¨ Ì„‡a ¨ ¨ ¨ ¯LȨ ¨ § ı¯‡‰-ÔÓ
¤ ¨ ¨ ¦ „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ ca© `ç̈
eqÙ-Èk
© ¦ „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ ¯Ó‚-Èk
© ¨ ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰rÈLB ¨ ¦ ‰é :Ca¨ ˜ÈÊÁ‰I ¦ £ © § ¯¯BÚ˙Ó¥ § ¦
¦ kì¦ :¯B‡-‰‡¯
-Ìr-È ¤ § ¦ E¯B‡a
§ § ÌÈiÁ ¦ © ¯B˜Ó§ Enr-È § ¦ kë¦ :Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ÈaÓ
¥ § ¦ ÌÈeÓ‡
¦ ¡
¨ Ÿ Ÿ £ ÏkÓ
:ÂÈ˙Âr Ÿ ¦ χ¯NÈ-˙‡
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¤ ‰cÙÈ ¤ § ¦ ‡e‰Â§ :˙e„Ù§ Bnr¦ ‰a¯‰Â ¥ § © § ,„ÒÁ‰ ¨Ÿ §
¤ ¤ © ‰Â‰È
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ Ï©ð :eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr ¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mî§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èñ§ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί·¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr § © ©
¨Ÿ Èô§ :Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡ ¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ òȧ :‰IÒ ¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰
¨ ¦

‰˙‡N
¨ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡ÎÂ
¤ £ © § .EcÒÁ ¤Ÿ § ‰f‰
¤ § © Ï„‚k ¤ © Ìr‰ Ÿ £ © ‡-ÁÏ
¨ ¨ ÔÂrÏ ¨ © Òö§
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § :‰p‰-„rÂ
¨ ¥ © § ÌȯˆnÓ
¦ © § ¦ ¦ ‰f‰
¤ © ÌrÏ̈¨
¯Ó‡ÈÂ
:ÁÈ Ê ‰ÎÈÓ Ù"Ú („ :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‚ :Á ÂÏ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·È ·Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:(ÈÂÈ˘·)  „Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ë :· Ì˘ ‰ÎÈÓ (Á :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (Ê :Ë Ì˘ ( :Ê-Â Ì˘ ˙ÂÓ˘ (‰
:Á ÂÓ Ì˘ (Ò :Ë ‚ Ì˘ ( :‚È ‚˜ Ì˘ (Ó :Á-Ê Ï˜ Ì˘ (Ï :È ÂÏ Ì˘ (Î :· ·È ÌÈω˙ (È
:ËÈ „È ¯·„Ó· (ˆ :È Î Ì˘ (Ù :‚È „Ù Ì˘ (Ú
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
·Ï ÈÚÈ·¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 63

:LxacM
¤ ¨ § ¦ iYglq
¦ § © ¨ dedi
¨Ÿ § xn`I
¤ Ÿ eà©
¯Èr‰Â ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ‰‡¯e
¦ ¨ § ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ¥ § EÈÈr¤ ¥ Á˜t© § ,ÚÓLe
¨ § Eʇ § § ¨ | ȉχ© Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰á©
ÌÈIÈtÓ
¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ir
¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ | Èk¦ ,‰ÈÏr¨ ¤ ¨ EÓL § ¦ ‡¯˜-¯L‡
¨§¦ ¤ £
,‰ÁÏÒ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr
¤ £ © © Èk¦ ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § eÈeÁz
¥ £ ©
‡¯˜
¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk
§ ¦ ¦ ,ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ErÓÏ
§ © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ
© © § © ,‰Nr ¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰
¨ ¦ § © È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © © § E¯Èr-Ïr
§ ¦ ©
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
Á˙ta © ¤ © L¯k ¨ § ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © ÈzLwa ¦ § © ¦ .χ¥ Èr˙-Èk ¦ ¥ £ © ¦ EÈ˙‡¯˜ ¦ ¨ § -ip¦ ` £â
Èk㦠Ïk‰ Ÿ © ˙rc © © .χB‰ ¥ ˙Br£ ˜„ˆa ¤ ¤ § EÈ˙B‡¯B ¤ § Ï„b ¤Ÿ .χBL ¥
‰nÏ ¨ ¨ Âå§ .ÈLB„˜
¦ § ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ Ì„wÓ ¤ ¤ ¦ ‰z‡ ¨ © ‡G‰£ä :χ¯NÈa ¥ ¨ § ¦ § Ìȉχ ¦ Ÿ ¡ LÈ¥
È˙B·¯Á
© § ¨ .ÈLcÁÏ ¦ § © § ʇk ¨ § „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯¯BÚ ¥ § ¯BÎʧ .ÈLe˜·e ¦ § ıÁÏa © © § ˙eÓ̈
.EL¯„z ¤ § § ¦ LÙÏ ¤ ¤ § EÈÂB˜Ï ¤ § ‰z‡ ¨ © ·BËç :ÈLc˜Ó ¦ ¨ § ¦ ÌB˜Óæ§ ÔBΠ¥ § ·ÈLz ¦ ¨
.EL„˜ ¤ § ¨ ÌL ¥ Ïr© e‚¯B‰ § © ÌBi‰-Ï © ké̈ .EL¯„I ¤ § ¨ § ‰¯ˆ ¨ ¨ ˙ra ¥ § EI§ eÏÁ § © Èè¦
Û‡© aî§ eÈÏk ¦ ¨ E„ȧ ¨ ˙¯‚z © § ¦ Óì¦ :ELÈc˜‰Ie¤ ¦ § © § Eί·JÓ § ¤ ¨ § ¦ eaÏ ¥ ¦ ‚BÒ-‡ ¨ ŸÏë
Ìȯ¯Bˆ ¦ § „Èa © § e¯kÒ § © ª .‰nÏ ¨ ¦ Χ e˙q ñ¦ § ˜È¯¦ ÈϦ Îk
§ © Π𧠦 eÈÓ„ ¦ § ¦ .‰ÓÁ·e ¨ ¥ §
eˆ¥ tô§ :‰ÓÈÓM‰ ¨ § ¨ ¨ © ÔÓ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‡¯È ¦ § © rò© .‰ÓÓB‰Ï
¤ ¥ § ÛȘLÈ-„ ¨ § § ÌÈL˜ ¦ ¨
‡¯˜ ¨ § .¯Îr‰Ï¥ £ © § eÓc ¥ ¨ CÙLa ¤ ¤ § eÈiÁ ¥ © ÌÈ˙ÓBˆ ¦ § .¯Î-Èa ¨ ¥ ¥ § „iÓ © ¦ eÏÈv‰Â
¥ ¦ ©§
:¯Îʨ ¨ Ì˙B‡ ¨ ÌÈÓc ¦ ¨ L¯„-È ¥Ÿ kö¦ ˙B‡¯§ .¯ÎN ¨ ¨ § ÏeÓb§ Ìȯʦ ¨ ˙ÓelL © ¦
eÈ˙‡hÁÂ¥ Ÿ © § eÈ˙BÂr ¥ Ÿ £ LaÎ Ÿ § z÷¦ .¯Ù‰ ¥ ¨ Et‡ § © ÔB¯Á £ © EÈχ ¤ ¥ e·eL ¥
ÌÙBˆ ¨ E¯˜È § ¨ § ÌL¯a ¤ ¤ § .¯ÙÁ ¥ ¨ ¥ ‡Ï Ÿ § ‰Ïr ¥ £ e„e¯Ó ¥ § ÏÙL © § .¯tÎz ¥© §
‰pt ¥ © .˙BÏLBk § ¦ © § ¦ eø ÌÈ„È
ÌÈk¯· ¦ © ¨ ın‡Â ¥ © § ˜fÁ ¥ © :¯Ùqa ¤ ¥ © ÌÈiÁI ¦ © § e˜˜BÁ¥ §
.˙BÏBÚ§ ÈLk © § ÔÁz © © EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ·¯rÈ © ¡ ¤ .˙BÏLÎÓ ¨ § ¦ ̯‰Â ¥ ¨ § Enr § © C¯„ ¤¤
:˙BJ‰z ¦ § ·LBÈ ¥ LB„˜¨ ‰z‡ ¨ © ù§
ÏÁBÓ
¥ ,˙e„ÈÒÁa
¦ £ © ‚‰˙Óe
¥ © § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯
¦ £ © ‡qk
¥ ¦ Ïr© ·LB ¤ ¤ l`¥
¥ Èú CÏÓ
‰IÈÁÓ
¨ ¦ § ‰a¯Ó
¤ § © ,ÔBL‡¯¦ ÔBL‡¯¦ ¯È·r Ÿ£
¦ £ Óà© ,Bnr© ˙BÂr
ÌȇËÁÏ
˜Â˜·Á (‰ :ÂÏ ÁÈ ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ Ù"Ú („ : ÊÈ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :ËÈ-ÁÈ Ë Ï‡È„ (· :Î „È ¯·„Ó· (‡ ‡"Â˙
ÌÈω˙ (Ë :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‰Î ‚ ‰Îȇ (Á :·È ÊÈ ‰ÈÓ¯È Ù"Ú (Ê :ÂË ÊÓ ˙È˘‡¯· ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·È ‡
ËÎ Ìȯ·„ (Ó :‡È ËÏ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Ï :ËÈ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Î :‚Î „Ó Ì˘ Ù"Ú (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·Î ‚Ï
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡È „Ó˜ ÌÈω˙ (Ù :(ÈÂÈ˘·)  ‚ ‰Îȇ (Ú :‡ Ì˘ (Ò :„Ï ‡ ‰ÈÓ¯È ( :ÊÎ
‰·¯ ‡¯˜È (˙ :„ ·Î ÌÈω˙ (˘ :‚ ‰Ï ‰ÈÚ˘È (¯ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ËÈ Ê ‰ÎÈÓ (˜ :‚È Ë Ì˘ (ˆ
:‡ ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ (‡ : ,ËÎ
ÈÚÈ·¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 64
¯Na-Ïk
¨ ¨ ¨ Ìr¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ‰N ¤ ŸÚà ,ÌÈrLBtÏ
¦ § © ‰ÁÈÏÒe ¨ ¦ § ÌȇËÁÏ
¦ ¨£©
LGL§ ¯ÓBÏ © el¨ ˙ȯB¨ ¥ ‰á I‡¥ .ÏBÓ‚z § ¦ Ì˙r¯Î Ÿ ,Áe¯Â
¨ ¨ ¨ § ‡Ï © §
ÂrI
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © § ,‰¯Nr ¥ § ¤ LŸÏL§ ˙ȯa ¦ § ÌBi‰© eI-¯ÎÊ
¨ ¨ § ,‰¯Nr
¥§ ¤
ÌL¨ Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙iÂ
¥ © § ¦ © Ôra
¨ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § „¯i ¤ ¥Ââ© ·e˙kL¨ ¤ BÓk§ ,Ì„wÓ
¤¤ ¦
¨Ÿ § ÌL
:‰Â‰È ¥ ·1§ ‡¯˜i ¨ § ¦©
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰

‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Âã©
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âä§
¨ © kå¦ :erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨Ÿ £
¨ © § ·BË È„‡
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ Ï©ç :eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mæ§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ èȧ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί·
¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr§ © ©
¨Ÿ Èë§ :Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡
¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨Ÿ Èé§ :‰IÒ
¨ § ‰Â‰ Ÿ £ © ȉχ
¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ ¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰
¨ ¦

‰˙‡N
¨ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡ÎÂ
¤ £ © § .EcÒÁ ¤Ÿ § ‰f‰
¤ § © Ï„‚k ¤ © Ìr‰ Ÿ £ © ‡-ÁÏ
¨ ¨ ÔÂrÏ ¨ © Òì§
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § :‰p‰-„rÂ
¨ ¥ © § ÌȯˆnÓ
¦ © § ¦ ¦ ‰f‰
¤ © ÌrÏ̈¨
:LxacM
¤ ¨ § ¦ iYglq
¦ § © ¨ dedi
¨Ÿ § xn`I
¤ Ÿ eî©
¯Èr‰Â ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ‰‡¯e
¦ ¨ § ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ¥ § EÈÈr
¤ ¥ Á˜t© § ,ÚÓLe
¨ § Eʇ§ § ¨ | ȉχ© Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰©ð
ÌÈIÈtÓ
¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ir
¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ | Èk¦ ,‰ÈÏr
¨ ¤ ¨ EÓL § ¦ ‡¯˜-¯L‡
¨§¦ ¤ £
,‰ÁÏÒ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr
¤ £ © © Èk¦ ,EÈÙϤ ¨ § eÈeÁz
¥ £ ©
'‰
Ì˘ (‰ :Ê-Â Ì˘ („ :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‚ :· ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ‰‡¯ (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·)  ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
Î Ì˘ (Î :‚È „Ù Ì˘ (È :Á ÂÓ Ì˘ (Ë :Ë ‚ Ì˘ (Á :‚È ‚˜ Ì˘ (Ê :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ ( :Ë
:ËÈ-ÁÈ Ë Ï‡È„ ( :Î Ì˘ (Ó :ËÈ „È ¯·„Ó· (Ï :È
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
‚Ï ÈÚÈ·¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 65
‡¯˜
¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk © Ÿ ¡ ErÓÏ
§ ¦ ¦ ,ȉχ § © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ
© © § © ,‰NrÂ
¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰ ¨Ÿ £
¨ ¦ § © È„‡
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © © § E¯Èr-Ïr
§ ¦ ©
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
eÏ-e¯tÒ
¨ § ¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ,˙B‡¯Bp‰Â ¨ © § ˙BÏB„b‰ § © EÈ˙B‡ÏÙ-Ï ¤ § § ¦ Ψ dI¥ `©à
‰ÓȯˆÓ
¨ § © § ¦ χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙„¯a ¤ ¤ § .˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ,eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £
Ìb© :˙B‡ÏLÏLa ¨ § § © § ‡Ï Ÿ § ÌzÎLÓ ¨ § © § Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ÈÏ·Á¥ § © a᧠.˙B‡Ï˙e ¨ § „earLa § ¦ §
Ìzc ¨ § © .‰„a‡Ï ¨ § © § ̉ȯeÎÊ ¤ ¥ § ¯B‡Èa § © e¯Êb § ¨ .‰„B·r ¨ £ ‰L ¨ ˜aâ̈ § ̉ȄȷrÓ
¤ ¥ ¦£©
:‰cÓÁ-Ïk
¨ § ¤ ¨ Leίa § ¦ ˙‡ˆB‰¨ ¥ ÌÈÏ‚c ¦ ¨ § .‰cÓ· ¨ ¦ § ‰cÓ ¨ ¦ ‰‡Òa ¨ § ¦ ‰‡Ò ¨§
¯a„n¨ § ¦ ·e ã© .e¯·r ¨ ¨ I‚¯·e¤ ¤ § zL·B‰ ¨ § © Ôc¯i‰
¥ § © © .e¯¯BÙ ¨ Efra § ¨ § ÂÈl‚ ¨ © § Ìi‰ ¨©
:e¯ÒÓ ¨ § ¦ Ì„Èa ¨ ¨ § ÌÈÓÓr ¦ ¨ £ © ˙BÎÏÓ ¨ § Óe ä© .e¯ÒÁ ¨ ¨ ‡Ï Ÿ ¯·„ ¨ ¨ § ÌzIkIk ¨§ ©§ ¦
̉I ¤ ¨ z„Ór‰Â
¨ § © ¡ ¤ § zrÓL ¨ § © ¨ § Ee˜rÊ ¨ § .ÌÈrÈÎÓ ¦ ¦ § © ÌeÙ„¯e ¨ § ·Bh‰© eÁÊ̈ §
Ìz„˜Ùe
¨ § © § eÏ‚Â ¨ § e‡ËÁ § ¨ .ÌÈr·N ¦ ¥ § ·eË-Ïk¨ ̈¯‡· ¨ § © § eÁ¨ .ÌÈrÈLBÓ ¦ ¦
ÈL‡
¥ § © ˙BÙÁ„ÓÏ ¥ § © § Ìe„¯Ë ¨ § .ÒÓ¯ÓÏ ¨ § ¦ § ez § ¦ § ¯˜L ¤ ¤ eÏÙ§ Ëæ̈ :ÌÈr· ¦ § LÏ¦å §
:ÒÓÏ © ¨ eȉ ¨ § ÌÈBb·¦ © e·LÈ § ¨ .ÒÓÎ ¨ § ¦ Ì˙¯ÊÁ ¨ ¨ ¨ £ ı˜Â ¥ § ̈¯‡Ó ¨ § © ¥ e‡ˆÈ § ¨ .ÒÓÁ̈ ¨
.˙¯‡ÓÓ ¤ ¤ § © ‰r¯ ¨ ¨ „·BkÓ ¤ ¦ Ák © Ÿ eÏLk § ¨ .˙¯‡Lp‰ ¤ ¤ § ¦ © ‰ËÏ ¨ ¥ tç§ ın‡ ¥ © Ák ©Ÿ
:˙¯‰ÓÓe ¤ ¤ © § ‰ˆ‡ ¨ ¨ ‰iL ¨ ¦ § ‡·Ï Ÿ ¨ .˙¯nLÓ ¤ ¤ © § ‰„e˜t ¨ § ‰BL‡¯ ¨ ¦ ˙rÏ ¥§
¦ ¥ § è¦ .‡a‰
È˙ȇI ¨ © ‰L˜ ¤ ¨ ¯·rL © ¨ ¤ ÌBiÓ¦ .‰a¯Ó ¨ ª § È˙¯ˆ ¦ ¨ ¨ ˙rÏ ¥ § ˙rÓ ¥¥
E˙l‚Ò§ ¨ ª § :‰a¯ ¨ © ‰‡·‰ ¨ ¨ £ ‡·‰Â ¥ ¨ § „B„Ó§ ˙Ó‡B ¤ ¤ .‰·‰„Ó ¨ ¥ § © ÏBÚ ‡BN§
‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ‰‡-„r ¨ ¨ © .¯ˆBia ¥ © „Bb·I § ¦ § *¯ÈÓ‰Ï ¦ ¨ § d¯·Ò ¨ § ¦ .¯v‰ ¨ © ¯¯Bˆ ¥ ˜ÁBc ¥
̇¦ ÌÈrLt ¦ ¨ § :¯ˆ˜˙ ¨ § ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ E„È-È § ¨ kë¦ dȨ ·Á¯na ¨ § ¤ © È ¦ ¥ r£é .¯ˆnÓ ¨ ¥ ¦ ‡¯˜ ¨ § ‡¤é
.‰lÙz‰¨ ¦ § © ÈÙa ¥ § ¦ Ir © § ¦ ̇¦ „Bb¯§ tì© .‰ÏÈc·‰Ï ¨ ¦ § © § EÈ·e § ¥ eÈÈa ¥ ¥ eÓˆr §¨
Èt
¥ § ‡·˙ Ÿ ¨ EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § eÈ˙˜rˆ ¥ ¨ £ © .‰lÁÓ ¨ ¦ § ¯B˙Á£ E„B·Î ¤ § ‡qÎ ¥ ¦ aî§ ¯eˆ
ıa˜ ¥ © .ÈLÈt‰I ¦ ¦ § © § ·ˆBÚÓ ¤ ¥ ÔBˆ¯-˙L ¨ © § ‡¯¨ ˜ð§ :‰Ïa˜˙‰Ï ¨ § © § ¦ § E„B·k § §
ÈˆÈÏÁ‰Ï
¦ ¥ ¦ £ © § ‰ˆ¯ ¥ § .ÈLÙ ¦ § © ȷȯ ¥ ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰·È ¦ Ÿ § ¯B·rÂ
¨ ¯ñ¦ .ÈL‡¯a £ © È˙BˆeÙ
© §
Ì˙B‡ ¨ ÔBÓχ§ © § IBÎL § .ÒB¯‚z § ¦ ıˆÁa ¨ ¨ ¤ ÌÈrL¯ ¦ ¨ § Èp¥ L ¦ô :ÈLB„˜ ¦ § È‰Ï © Ÿ ‡¡ò
Ò¯‰˙

.¯ˆB
» ˙Ó‡a
« » ¬ « ¯ÈÓ‰Ï
ƒ » ¿ :‡" (*
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡Î Ë ‰ÈÓÁ („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) „È ‡ ˙ÂÓ˘ (‚ :„ ‡È ڢ‰ (· :‚È Â ÌÈËÙ¢ Ù"Ú (‡ ‡"Â˙
ȯ·„ Ù"Ú (Á :ËÒ ËȘ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (Ê :‰Ï ÂÎ ‡¯˜È È"˘¯ ‰‡¯ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·Î Ì˘ (‰
˙Âί· ‰‡¯ (Ï :‡ Ë ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Î :‰ ÁȘ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (È :„È ‡ ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ë :Â Ï ·-ÌÈÓȉ
‡ ˜Â˜·Á (Ú :Á ‚ ‰Îȇ Ù"Ú (Ò :· ‡Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú ( : ,‰ ‰·¯ ˙¯ Ù"Ú (Ó :· ,·Ï
:ÊË Ì˘ ‰Îȇ Ù"Ú (Ù :·È
ÈÚÈ·¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 66
‰eÓ‡·e
¨ ¡ ¤ ¯˙B‰ ¥ ‰˙eÓz
¨ § .ÒB¯Ï¨ ‰ˆ¯‡ ¨ § © ÌÓc
¨ ¨ CBtLz § ¦ .ÒB¯‰z £ ©
¯Ùr-„r
¨ ¨ © ‰È¯˜ ¨ § ¦ ÌÓB¯¥ ¤ ¤ © ‰k¨ Òªà ˙ˆ¯t
.˙ÏÙBp‰ © § ¦ ¯B„b§ :ÒB¯‡z ¡ ¤
¯È‡˙Â
¦ ¨ § ¯‡‰
¥ ¨ d¯B‡Ó¨ § .˙ÏtÎÓ ¤ ¤ ª § ‰ÓÁ
¨ ¨ ¤ ÌÁ
¥ © ‰Èe·L
¨ § .˙ÏtLÓ ¤¤ § ª
.ÌÏe‡Â
¨ § ÏÎȉ¨ ¥ EÁaÊÓ£ © § ¦ ‡t¯ ¥ © .ÌÏBÚ
¨ ÈÓÈk § ¦ ‰¥ aৠ:˙It‡Ó
¥ ¦ E¯Èr ¤¤ª §
ÌÏBÚÓ
¨ ¥ EÓL § ¦ Ic‚È © § ¦ Â᧠.Ìlk
¨ ª Ee„·rÈ
§ © © ÌL¨ χ¯NÈÂ
¥ ¨ § ¦ § ‰„e‰È
¨ §
:ÌÏBÚ-„rÂ
¨ ©§

¯˜L
¤ ¤ ÈzÏrt ¦ § © ¨ ̇¦ .ÈÏrÙÓ-χ
¦ ¨ § ¦ ¤ ÔÈ·Óe ¦ ¥ .¯˜BÒ Ÿ © xwFg
¥ § Ïk‰ ¥
χ© § .¯w·˙¥ © § ‡Ï Ÿ ÈÂr-˙‡
¦ Ÿ £ ¤ .ÈÏÓra ¦ ¨ £ © ˙Bl˙‰Óe ©£©
:ÈÏB˜
¦ ÚÓLz
© § ¦ ¯˜a ¤ Ÿ ‰Â‰
¨Ÿ È⧠.ÈIÏrÓÏ
¦ ¨ £ © § LB¯„z§ ¦

.˙¯Ër
¤ ¤ £ ‰Bk‡
¨ ¤ Eϧ .˙¯˜ ¥ Ó㧠Ôkz
¤ ¤ ÈÓB¯ ¥ ¦ .˙¯fa ¤ ¤ © ¯L‡ ¤ £ ȯˆBÈ
¦§
ErLÈÏe
£ § ¤ § .˙¯˙r‰ ¤ ¤ £ ¨ ÔÈʇz ¦ £ © ¯L‡ ¤ £ .˙¯BÓL‡ ¤ § © ÈLÈÏMa ¦ ¦ § ©
¯L‡
¤ £ .˙¯¯BÒ ¤ ¤ § ‰iÓB‰I ¨ ¦ § .˙¯r‚n‰ ¤ ¤ § ¦ © ÁÏL˙ © § ¦ § .˙¯·BÒ ¤¤
© § Óä¦ ÌB˜Óe
¯Ë˜ § .˙¯ÓB‡ ¤¤ dzÏa
¨ § ¦ Ôȇ ¥ § .˙¯a„Ó ¤ ¤ © § ‰Â‡b¨£ ©
.˙¯L¥ ¨ Ì·-e˙¯LÈ
¨ § ¨ § ¯L ¤ ‡£å .˙¯tÎn‰Â
¤ ¤ © § © § ¯È·c‰Â ¤Ÿ §
¦ § © § .˙¯Ë˜
„·Î
¥ ¨ BÓk§ .˙¯‡ÓÓ ¤ ¤ § © da¨ ˜a„z ¥ § © .˙¯B·rÓ ¤ £ © e‰eÓN̈
.ÈÏÁ-ÏÎÂ
¦ ¢ ¨ § ‰kÓ-Ï ¨ © kç̈ ¯˜È © § ȯ˜ ¦ ¤ ˙Ó© ÁÂ£æ © .˙¯˙BÈϤ¤ §
:ÈÏB˜
¦ ÚÓLz ¤ Ÿ ‰Â‰È
© § ¦ ¯˜a ¨Ÿ §

¯Á‡
© © ‰L ¨ ¨ .‰Ma ¨ ¥ © El-‰Ó
§ © ‰zr ¨ © .‡p˜ ¨ © χ¥è EÓL § ¦ ¯eˆ
¯ÎÓ
© ¨ ‰Ê¤ .‰r ¨ £ © ‡e‰Â§ Lb Ÿ § .‰pÎ
© ¦ „‡Ó ¨ © ‰rË § ¦ Èé§ .‰L
¨ § ¨ EÈÓ ¨¨
.‰pȇ
¨ ¤ ¥ ‰ÏÙL ¨ ¨ § eë .‰pk˙
¨ © § ¦ ˙eIÙLa§ ¦ § ÌB‡I§ .‰˜ ¨ ¨ ‰Ê ¤§
‡p˜
¥ © C‡© .‡È„ ¨ ¦ ‡ÏaŸ § ‡Èc ¨ ¦ Ôȇ¥ì .‰BÎ ¨ § EÈËtLÓ ¤¨ § ¦
‰zrÂ
¨ © § .‰Ó¨ ¨ ÈÓ𦠷e˙k¨ d·e ¨ .‰z § ¦ Óî¦ .‰Ó‡Ï
¨ ¨ ¦ EÈÓÈ ¨ ¨ ¡¤§
Ô‡ˆÎ
˙ÂÓ˘ (‰ :‚ Ë ÈÏ˘Ó („ :„ ‰ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂÎ Ê ·-χÂÓ˘ (· :‡È Ë ÒÂÓÚ Ù"Ú (‡ ‡"Â˙
˙ÂÓ˘ (Ë :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡Ò ÁÎ Ìȯ·„ (Á :ÁÎ ÂÎ ‡¯˜È Ù"Ú (Ê :·È „ ¯·„Ó· Ù"Ú ( :‡ Ï
Ì˘ ‰‡¯ (Ó :· ,‰ ˙Âί· ‰‡¯ (Ï :‡Î ‚È ‡¯˜È Ù"Ú (Î :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊË Ù ÌÈω˙ (È :‰ Î
:È ‚Î ¯·„Ó· ( :‡ ,·Ò
„Ï ÈÚÈ·¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 67
.dpkÓ
¨ © ¦ ‰˙ÈÁL‰Â
¨ ¦ § © § .‡¨ ‰¯¯BÚ ¨ § ȯeˆ
¦ .‰Ó Ÿ ©
¨ § ¦ Ô‡vk
.ÈÏÈÁ ¨Ÿ § ÌȉÏ
¦ ¥ ‰Â‰È ¦ Ÿ ‡¡à .¯wrz
¥ © § *d˙eÎÏÓ-˙‡Â
¨ § © ¤§
:ÈÏB˜
¦ ÚÓLz ¤ Ÿ ‰Â‰
© § ¦ ¯˜a ¨Ÿ Èá§
¦ ¨ ÔÈc¦ ÔBcå .ÌÈBÈ·‡-χ
Èr ¦ § ¤ ¤ rÓB ä § .Âȇ¯B˜Ï
© ¥ L ¨ § § ·B¯˜ã̈ ÔÈÒ¦ Áâ̈
.ÌÈBzÁ˙
¦ § © § ÌÈBÈÏr ¦ § ¤ § .ÌÈprÓe¦ ª § ÌȈeˆ¯¦ § ËtLÓ © § ¦ .ÔBÈ·‡Â§ ¤§
© © ‡ˆ¥ È¥ç Ez‡Ó
d‚Bpk § ¦ ¥ ÈËtLÓe
¦ ¨ § ¦ .ÌÈB„‡‰ ¦ £ ¨ ÔB„‡£æ E„iÓ §¨ ¦
.ÌÈÈr
¦ ¨ § ¦ ÛÈÏÁȦ £ © ¯L‡ ¥ © ¦ χ¥ Lȇ¦ ‡ŸÏé .ÌÈeÓ‡
¤ £ ·fÎÈ ¦ ¡ I‡¥è
LL¥ ‰nΠ¨ © § .ÌÈ˜¦ § ¦ ÌÈ„·rÏ
¦ ¨ £ © ¯L‡ ¤ £ .ÌÈL ¦ ¨ LL ¥ z¯Ê‚Â
¨ §© ¨ §
.¯˜rÏ
¤ ¥ § Èz¯kÓ¦ § © § ¦ ̇¦ Âë§ .ÌÈB„‡¦ £ Èz·‰‡¦ § © ¨ ‡Ï Ÿ § ÈϦ eÙIÁ § ¨
È·B¯˜
¦ § ‰z‡Â ¨ © § .¯˜r ¤ ¥ ÔÈc¦ ÌÈ·B¯˜a ¦ § ¦ .ÌÈMa ¦ ¨ © I‡b‡ ¥ ¨ ¤ ‡Ï Ÿ §
.ÈχB‚Â
¦ £ §
:ÈÏB˜
¦ ÚÓLz ¤ Ÿ ‰Â‰È
© § ¦ ¯˜a ¨Ÿ §
¯˜L¤ ¤ ÈzÏrt
¦ § © ¨ ̇¦ .ÈÏrÙÓ-χ ¦ ¨ § ¦ ¤ ÔÈ·Óe ¦ ¥ .¯˜BÒ ¥ § Ïk‰ Ÿ © ¯˜BÁ
¥
LB¯„z § ¦ I‡Â © § .¯w·˙ ¥ © § ‡Ï Ÿ ÈÂr-˙‡
¦ Ÿ £ ¤ .ÈÏÓra ¦ ¨ £ © ˙Bl˙‰Óe©£©
:ÈIB˜
¦ ÚÓLz © § ¦ ¯˜a ¤ Ÿ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § .ÈÏÏrÓÏ ¦¨£©§
ÏÁBÓ
¥ ,˙e„ÈÒÁa ¦ £ © ‚‰˙Óe¥ © § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © ‡qk ¥ ¦ Ïr© ·LB ¤ ¤ l`¥
¥ Èì CÏÓ
‰IÈÁÓ
¨ ¦ § ‰a¯Ó ¤ § © ,ÔBL‡¯¦ ÔBL‡¯¦ ¯È·r ¦ £ Óî© ,Bnr© ˙BÂr Ÿ£
¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ Ìr¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ‰N ¤ ŸÚð ,ÌÈrLBtI¦ § © ‰ÁÈÏÒe ¨ ¦ § ÌȇËÁÏ
¦ ¨£©
LGL§ ¯ÓBÏ © ¨ ¥ ‰ñ I‡¥ .ÏBÓ‚z
el¨ ˙ȯB § ¦ Ì˙r¯Î ¨ ¨ ¨ § ‡Ï Ÿ ,Áe¯Â
© §
ÂrI
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © § ,‰¯Nr ¥ § ¤ LŸÏL§ ˙ȯa ¦ § ÌBi‰© eI-¯ÎÊ ¨ ¨ § ,‰¯Nr¥§ ¤
ÌL¨ Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙i ¥ © § ¦ © Ôra¨ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § „¯i ¤ ¥Âò© ·e˙kL ¨ ¤ BÓk§ ,Ì„wÓ¤¤ ¦
:‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ÌL ¥ ·1§ ‡¯˜i ¨ § ¦©
¯·ÚÈÂ
.¯wÚz
≈ « ¿ ˜ÏÓÚ-˙‡Â
≈ » ¬ ∆ ¿ :‡" (*
Ì˘ Ù"Ú (‰ :ÁÈ ‰Ó˜ Ì˘ („ :Ë ËÙ Ì˘ ‰‡¯ (‚ :„ ‰ ÌÈω˙ (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ËÈ ‚ ˜Â˜·Á (‡ ‡"Â˙
Ìȯ·„ (Ë :‡ ·Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Á :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÈ È Ìȯ·„ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊË ·Î ‰ÈÓ¯È ( :„Ï ËÒ
˘‡¯ (Ó : ,ËÎ ‰·¯ ‡¯˜È (Ï :ÊÓ ‰Î ‡¯˜È ‰‡¯ (Î :ËÈ ‚Î ¯·„Ó· (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·) „ ·Ï
:‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ú :· ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ‰‡¯ (Ò :(ÈÂÈ˘·)  ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ ( :‡ ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
ÈÚÈ·¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 68
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰

‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Âà©
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âá§
¨ © k⦠:erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù1̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á1̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨ © § ·BË È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ Ï©ä :eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr ¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mã§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èå§ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί· ¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr § © ©
‰Â‰¨Ÿ Èç§ :Ca¨ ÁËa © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡ ¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èæ§ :‰IÒ ¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ȉχ ¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ¥ £ © CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰ ¨ ¦
eBl„© Èk¦ ,EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © eeÓc˜È § © § ¯‰Ó ¥ © ,ÌÈBL‡¯ ¦ ¦ ˙BÂr Ÿ £ eÏ-¯kÊz ¨ ¨ § ¦ -l`è©
-eÏ-¯ÎÊ
¨ ¨ § EcÒÁk § § © § ¯kÊz-I‡Ÿ § ¦ © eÈrLÙe ¥ ¨ § | eȯeÚ ¥ § ˙‡h Ÿ Á©é :„‡Ó Ÿ §
:‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § E·eË § ÔrÓÏ© © § ,‰z‡ ¨ ©
,Enr ¤ © ÔBˆ¯a § ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § e¯Î ¥ § Êì̈ :‰n‰ ¨ ¥ ÌÏBÚÓ ¨ ¥ Èk¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁ ¤ ¨ £ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © xk Ÿ fë§
Ë·L ¤ ¥ zχb¨ § © ¨ Ì„w ¤ ¤ ,˙È˜ ¨ ¦ ¨ | E˙„r § ¨ £ ¯Î Ÿ îʧ :E˙reLÈa
¤¨ ¦ e„˜t ¥§¨
˙·‰‡© £ © ,ÌÏLe¯È¦¨ ¨ § ˙aÁ © ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯BÎʧ :Ba zÎL ¨ § © ¨ | ‰Ê¤ ÔBiˆ-¯‰ ¦ © ,E˙ÏÁ ¤¨ £©
‡·-Èk
¨ ¦ dÁI ¨ § ¤ § ˙r-Èk ¥ ¦ ,ÔBiˆ¦ ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ìe˜˙¨ ‰z¨ ‡ñ© :ÁˆÏ © ¤ ¨ ÁkLz-Ï © § ¦ ‡©ð ÔBiˆ¦
e¯r¨ | e¯r¨ ÌȯӇ‰ ¦ § Ÿ ¨ ,ÌILe¯È¦¨ ¨ § ÌBÈ ˙‡¥ ,ÌB„‡¡ È·Ï ¥ § ¦ | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯Î Ÿ òʧ :„rBÓ ¥
zraL
¨ § © § ¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ EÈ„·r ¤ ¨ £ χ¯NÈÏe¥ ¨ § ¦ § ˜ÁˆÈÏ ¨ § ¦ § ̉¯·‡I ¨ ¨ § © § ¯Î Ÿ Êô§ :da¨ „BÒȉ § © „r©
,ÌÈÓM‰
¦ ¨ ¨ © È·ÎBÎk ¥ § § ÌÎr¯Ê-˙‡ ¤ £ § © ¤ ‰a¯‡ ¤ § © ̉I‡ ¤ ¥ £ ¯a„z ¥ © § © Ca¨ ̉Ï̈ ¤
¯ÎŸ Êö§ :ÌÏÚÏ
¨ Ÿ § eÏÁ £ ¨ § ÌÎr¯ÊÏ
¤ £ § © § Ôz‡ ¥ ¤ Èz¯Ó‡ ¦ § © ¨ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ˙‡f‰ Ÿ © ı¯‡‰-ÏÎÂ
¤¨ ¨ ¨§
‰f‰¤ © Ìr‰ ¨ ¨ ÈL˜-I‡ ¦ § ¤ ÔÙz-I‡ ¤ ¥ © ,·˜rÈÏe Ÿ £ © § ˜ÁˆÈÏ ¨ § ¦ § ̉¯·‡I ¨ ¨ § © § EÈ„·rI ¤ ¨ £©
eχB
§ © ¯L‡ ¤ £ ,˙‡hÁ ¨ © eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ˙L˙ ¥ ¨ ‡-Ï ¨ ‡÷© :B˙‡hÁ-χ ¨ © ¤ § BÚL¯-I‡Â § ¦ ¤§

¯ÂÎÊ
:e¯ˆBÈ¥ § eÏ-ÁÏÒ¨ © § e¯eˆ ¥ e‡ËÁ ¨ ¨ :e‡ËÁ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡Â ¤ £©

:Á ÂÓ Ì˘ ( :Ë ‚ Ì˘ (‰ :‚È ‚˜ Ì˘ („ :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :Ë Ì˘ (· :Ê- „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‡ ‡"Â˙


„ ˜ Ì˘ (Ï :Â Ì˘ (Î :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ê ‰Î Ì˘ (È :Á ËÚ Ì˘ (Ë :È Î Ì˘ (Á :‚È „Ù Ì˘ (Ê
:‚È ·Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ù :Ê ÊϘ Ì˘ (Ú :„È ·˜ Ì˘ (Ò :ËÈ Ì˘ ( :· „Ú Ì˘ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
:‡È ·È ¯·„Ó· (˜ :ÊÎ Ë Ìȯ·„ (ˆ
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (1 ˙‚‰‰
‰Ï ÈÚÈ·¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 69
ۇ© § ·B˜rÈ £ © È˙ȯa-˙‡
¦ ¦ § ¤ Èz¯ÎÊ ¦ § © ¨à§ ,z¯Ó‡ ¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ˙B·‡¨ ˙ȯa ¦ § eϨ xFkf§
Ÿ § ¤ ı¯‡‰Â
:¯kʇ ¤ ¨ ¨ § ¯kʇ Ÿ § ¤ ̉¯·‡ ¨ ¨ § © È˙ȯa-˙‡ ¦ ¦ § ¤ ۇ © § ˜ÁˆÈ ¨ § ¦ È˙ȯa-˙‡
¦ ¦§ ¤
˙ȯa ¦ § Ì‰Ï ¤ ¨ Èz¯ÎÊ ¦ § © ¨Â᧠,z¯Ó‡ ¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ÌÈBL‡¯ ¦ ¦ ˙ȯa ¦ § eI¨ ¯BÎʧ
˙BÈ‰Ï § ¦ ÌÈBb‰¦ © ÈÈrÏ ¥ ¥ § ,ÌȯˆÓ ¦ © § ¦ ı¯‡Ó ¤ ¤ ¥ Ì˙‡- ¨ Ÿ È˙‡ˆB‰ ¦ ¥ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ,ÌÈL‡¯ ¦Ÿ ¦
Ÿ © © Â⧠,ezÁË·‰L
˙‡Ê-Ìb-Û‡ ¨ § © § ¦ ¤ BÓk§ enr ¨ ¦ ‰Nr ¥ £ :‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È‡ ¦ £ ÌÈ‰Ï‡Ï ¦ Ÿ ¥ Ì‰Ï ¤¨
¯Ù‰Ï
¥ ¨ § Ì˙lÎÏ ¨ Ÿ © § ÌÈzÏr‚-‡Ï ¦ § © § Ÿ § ÌÈzÒ‡Ó-‡G ¦ § © § ¤ ¥ §Ÿ ı¯‡a
̉ȷȇ ¤ ¤ § Ì˙Bȉa ¨ § ¦
‰Ók ¨ § eÓÁ¯Â ¥ £ © § e˙e·L ¥ § ·L‰ ¥ ¨ :̉ȉχ ¤ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È‡ ¦ £ Èk¦ ,Ìz‡ ¨ ¦ È˙ȯa ¦ ¦§
Eˆa˜Â
§ ¤ ¦ § ·L ¨ § ,EÓÁ¯Â ¤ £ ¦ § E˙e·L-˙‡ § § ¤ EȉG‡ ¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ·L ¨ Â㧠,·e˙kL ¨¤
‰Ók ¨ § eÈÁc ¥ ¨ ¦ ıa˜ ¥ © :‰nL ¨ ¨ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EˆÈÙ‰ § ¦ ¡ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ÌÈnr‰-ÏkÓ ¦ ©¨ ¨ ¦
EȉG‡¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Eˆa˜È § ¤ © § ÌMÓ ¨ ¦ ,ÌÈÓM‰ ¦ ¨ ¨ © ‰ˆ˜a ¥ § ¦ EÁc £ © ¦ ‰È‰È-Ì ¤ § ¦ ‡ä¦ ,·e˙kL ¨¤
¦ ¦ Óå̈ ,·e˙kL
È˙ÈÁ ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § ÔrΠ¨ ¨ ¤ § ·rk ¨ ¨ eÈrLÙ ¥ ¨ § ‰ÁÓ ¥ § :EÁwÈ ¤ ¨ ¦ ÌMÓe ¨ ¦
‰ÁÓ¥ § :EÈzχ‚ ¦ § © § Èk¦ ÈI‡ © ¥ ‰·eL ¨ ¤ Ÿ © ÔrÎÂ
,EÈ˙‡hÁ ¨ ¨ ¤ § EÈrLt ¤ ¨ § ·rÎ̈ ¨
EÈrLÙ¤ ¨ § ‰ÁÓ ¤ Ÿ ‡e‰ ÈÎ‡ ¦ Ÿ ¨ ÈÎ ¦ Ÿ ‡æ̈ ,z¯Ó‡ ¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ErÓI § © © § eÈrLÙ ¥¨ §
‰Ók ¨ § ¯ÓvΠ¤ ¤ © § ‚ÏMk ¤ ¤ © eȇËÁ ¥ ¨ £ Ôaω ¥ § © :¯kʇ Ÿ § ¤ ‡G EÈ˙‡hÁ ¤ Ÿ © § ÈrÓI ¦£ © §
ÌÈMk¦ ¨ © ÌÎȇËÁ ¤ ¥ ¨ £ eȉÈ-̇ § ¦ ¦ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯Ó‡È © Ÿ ‰ÁÎe ¨ § ¨ ¦ § ‡-eÎ ¨ ϧç ,·e˙kL ¨¤
ÌÈÓ
¦ © eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ˜B¯Ê§ :eÈ‰È § ¦ ¯Óvk ¤ ¤ © ÚÏBzÎ ¨ © eÓÈc‡È-̇ ¦ § © ¦ ,eÈaÏÈ ¦ § © ‚ÏMk ¤ ¤ ©
ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © ÌÎÈÏr ¤ ¥ £ Èz˜¯Ê ¦ § © ¨è§ ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § e¯‰Ë ¥ £ © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ §
eÈÏr¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ © :ÌÎ˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ¯‰Ë‡ ¥ © £ ÌÎÈIelb-ÏkÓe
¤ ¥ ¦ ¨ ¦ ÌÎÈ˙‡ÓË ¤ ¥ Ÿ § ª ÏkÓ Ÿ ¦ ,Ìz¯‰Ëe ¤ §© §
Et¯È
§ § © ‡Ï Ÿ EȉG‡ ¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ Èké¦ ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § e˙ÈÁLz ¥ ¦ § © χ ©§
ÏBÓ :Ì‰Ï ¤ ¨ ÚaL © § ¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ EÈ˙·‡ ¤ Ÿ £ ˙ȯa-˙‡ ¦ § ¤ ÁkLÈ © § ¦ ‡G§ ,E˙ÈÁLÈ ¤ ¦ § © ‡Ï Ÿ §
Eȉχ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏÓ¨ eë ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § EÓL-˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ‰·‰‡Ï ¨ £ © § e··Ï-˙‡ ¥¨§ ¤
E··Ï-ÏÎa
§ ¨ § ¨ § Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ¤ ‰·‰‡Ï ¨ £ © § ,Er¯Ê ¤ § © ··I-˙‡Â ©§ ¤ § E··I-˙‡§ ¨§ ¤
,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § e˙Lw·a ¥ ¨ ¨ © § eϨ ‡ˆn‰ ¥ ¨ ¦ :EÈiÁ ¤ © ÔrÓÏ © © § ELÙ-Ïηe § §© ¨ §
E··Ï-IÎa
§ ¨ § ¨ § epL¯„˙ ¤ § § ¦ Èk¦ ,˙‡ˆÓe ¨ ¨ ¨ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ¤ ÌMÓ ¨ ¦ ÌzLw· ¤ § © ¦ eì
‰Ók ¨ § E˙JÙz ¤ ¨ ¦ § ˙È·a ¥ § eÁnN ¥ § © § EL„˜ ¤ § ¨ ¯‰-χ © ¤ e‡È·z ¥ ¦ § :ELÙ-Iηe ¤ §© ¨ §
,È˙lÙz
¦ ¨ ¦ § ˙È·a ¥ § ÌÈzÁnN ¦ § © ¦ § ÈL„˜ ¦ § ¨ ¯‰-χ © ¤ ÌÈ˙B‡È·‰ ¦ ¦ £ î© ,·e˙kL ¨¤
‡¯wÈ¥ ¨ ¦ ‰lÙz-˙Èa
¨ ¦ § ¥ È˙È· ¦ ¥ Èk¦ ,ÈÁaÊÓ-Ïr ¦ § § ¦ © ÔBˆ¯Ï ¨ § ̉ÈÁ·Ê ¤ ¥ § ¦ § ̉È˙ÏBÚ ¤ ¥Ÿ
:ÌÈnr‰-ÏÎÏ
¦ © ¨ ¨§

ÚÓ˘
:·Î „Ó ‰ÈÚ˘È ( :„ Ì˘ (‰ :‚ Ï Ìȯ·„ („ :„Ó Ì˘ (‚ :‰Ó Ì˘ (· :·Ó ÂÎ ‡¯˜È (‡ ‡"Â˙
„ Ì˘ (Ï :Â Ï Ì˘ (Î :‡Ï „ Ìȯ·„ (È :‰Î ÂÏ Ï‡˜ÊÁÈ (Ë :ÁÈ ‡ Ì˘ (Á :‰Î ‚Ó Ì˘ (Ê
:Ê Â ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ó :ËÎ
ÈÚÈ·¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 70
:ÏÏη „Ú ‡Ï Â·ÊÚ˙ χ „Ú ,ω˜Â ÔÊÁ ,˜ÂÒÙ ¯Á‡ ˜ÂÒÙ ÌȯÓ‡ Ô¯‡‰ ÔÈÁ˙ÂÙ

Ïa˜Â
¥ © § eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯Â ¥ © § ÒeÁ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eÏB˜
¥ ÚÓL
© §
:e˙lÙz-˙‡
¥ ¨ ¦ § ¤ ÔBˆ¯·e ¨ § ÌÈÓÁ¯a ¦ £ ©§
:Ì„˜k
¤ ¤ § eÈÓÈ
¥ ¨ LcÁ ¥ © ‰·eLÂ
¨ ¨ § EÈχ ¤ ¥ | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § e·ÈL
¥ ¦ ‰£à
:epnÓ
¤ ¦ Áwz-χ
© ¦ © EL„˜ § § ¨ Áe¯Â
© § EÈÙlÓ ¥ ¦ § © ‡©á
¤ ¨ § ¦ eÎÈÏLz-Ï
:e·Êrz-χ
¥ § © © © eÁk ¥ Ÿ ˙BÏÎk § ¦ ‰˜Ê
¨ § ¦ ˙rÏ ¥ ¦ § © ‡©â
¥ § eÎÈÏLz-Ï
‰·BËÏ
¨ § ˙B‡ enr-‰N ¨ ¦ ¥ r£ä :epnÓ ¤ ¦ ˜Á¯z-χ
© § ¦ © ,eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § e·Êrz-Ï
¥ § © © ‡ã©
| ‰Èʇ‰ å̈ £ :ezÓÁÂ
¨ ¦ £ © eȯ¥ Ó‡ ¨ § © ¦ § ez¯Êr ¨Ÿ § ‰z‡-Èk
¨ § © £ ‰Â‰È ¨ © ¦ eL·È Ÿ ¥ § eȇN
¥ § Ÿ e‡¯È §¦ §
¨Ÿ § ,EÈÙÏ
‰Â‰È ¤ ¨ § eaÏ¥ ¦ ÔBÈ‚‰Â
§ ¤ § eÈÙ-ȯӇ
¦ ¥ § ¦ | ÔBˆ¯I ¨ § eȉ§ Èæ¦ :e‚È‚‰
¥ ¦ £ ‰Èa¨ ¦ ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ §
:eȉG‡
¥ ¡ È„‡¨Ÿ £ ‰r˙¤ £ © ‰z‡ ¨ © ,eIÁB‰
§ ¨ ¨Ÿ § EÏ-È
‰Â‰È § kç¦ :eχB‚Â
¥ £ § e¯eˆ ¥
:Ô¯‡‰ Ôȯ‚ÂÒ
© © § ¦ © Âé§ ,e˙lÙz
Ìlr˙z-χ ¥ ¨ ¦ § EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ‡B·z è̈ ,eÈ˙B·‡
¥ £ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¥ Epidl` ¥Ÿ ¡
EÈÙI
¤ ¨ § ¯ÓBÏ
© ,Û¯Ú¤Ÿ ÈL ¥ ˜eì§ ÌÈÙ ¦ ¨ Èf¥rë© e‡¨ ÔȇL
¥ ¤ ,e˙pÁzÓ
¥¨¦ § ¦
§ © £ Ï·¨ ‡£î ,e‡ËÁ
eÁ‡ ¨ ¨ ‡ÏŸ § eÁ‡ § © £ ÌȘÈcˆ¦ ¦ © ,eÈ˙B·‡
¥ £ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È
¨Ÿ §
:e‡Ë¨ Á1̈ eÈ˙B·‡Â
¥ £©
.e„ʧ © .erL¯ ñ¦ § .eÈÂr
§ © § ‰Â ¦ ¡ ‰¤ð .ÈÙc ¦ Ÿ e¯ac§ © ¦ .eÏÊb
§ © ¨ .e„‚a§ © ¨ .EpnW § © `2̈
.eˆI
§ © .e·fk§ © ¦ .Ú¯¨ eˆrÈ § © ¨ .¯˜L ¤ ¤ eÏÙ§ © Ëò̈ .eÒÓÁ§ © ¨
.Û¯Ú¤Ÿ eÈM˜ ¦ ¦ .e¯¯ˆ § © ¨ .erLt§ © ¨ .eÈÂr¦ ¨ .e¯¯Ò§ © ¨ .eˆ‡
§ © ¦ .e„¯Ó̈
§©
:erzrz
§ ¨ § ¦ .eÈrz ¦ ¨ .e·rz§ © ¦ .e˙ÁL § © ¦ .erL¯ §© ¨
Ïr© ˜Ècˆ¦ © ‰z‡ ¨ ¨ Ÿ Âö§ ÌÈ·Bh‰
¨ © Â÷§ :eϨ ‰ÂL-‡Ï ¦ © EÈËtLn¤ ¨ § ¦ Óe ¤ Ÿ § ¦ ¦ Epx§ q
ô¦ EÈ˙ˆnÓ ©1
§ ¨ § ‰1¦ eÁ‡Â
:erL¯ § © £ © ˙ÈNr
¨ ¦ ¨ ˙Ó‡-Èk ¤ ¡ ¦ ,eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ‡a‰-Ïk
¨© ¨
¥ ¦ ‰Â¨cù¨ .NBNÓ¨ epnÓ
eaÏ ¤ ¦ ‰Ï¨ bø̈ .¯Bc-ÏkÓ ¨ ¦ eLa ¨ ¨ ¦ EpnW`
§ Ÿ .Ìr-ÏkÓ § © ¨
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa¥ Ïe·úʧ .e¯‡t
.eLc˜Ó ¥ ¥ § Ú¯ÙÂ
© § ¦ § .eÈee‡
¥ ¦ ÏaÁ‰
© § ª .eȇËÁa
¥ ¨£©
·¯Á
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·Î ÁÏ Ì˘ („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë ‡Ú Ì˘ (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚È ‡ ÌÈω˙ (· :‡Î ‰ ‰Îȇ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊË ÁÏ Ì˘ (Á :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ËÈ Ì˘ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ‰ Ì˘ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÈ ÂÙ Ì˘ (‰
:Ë „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (Ï : ÁÎ Ìȯ·„ Ù"Ú (Î :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ‰ Ì˘ (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚ ÁÙ Ì˘ (Ë
Ù"Ú (Ù :ËÒ ËȘ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Ú :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ì˘ (Ò : ˜ ÌÈω˙ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ,ÊÙ ‡ÓÂÈ (Ó
ÊÈ ‰ ‰Îȇ (˘ :‡È „Î ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (¯ :‚Ï Ë ‰ÈÓÁ (˜ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÎ ‚Ï ·Âȇ (ˆ :ËÏ Ì˘
:‚È Á ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ Ù"Ú (˙ :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ (1 ˙‚‰‰
ÈÙÏ ÌÈÏÓ‰ ¯‡˘· ÔΠ,(Ê ÛÈÚÒ Ê¯˙ ÔÓÈÒ Ê"‰„‡ Ú"¢ ‰‡¯) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ËÚÓ ‰Á˘È (2
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó) ·-‡‰ ¯„Ò
ÂÏ ÈÚÈ·¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 71
eÁk¥ Ÿ .ÌȯÊÏ ¦ ¨ § e˙Ó„‡ ¥ ¨ § © ÈÙBÈ ¦ .‰nLÏ ¨ © § ‰˙ȉ ¨ § ¨ e˙¯È ¥ ¨ Ëঠ.eÈÂra ¥Ÿ £ © ·¯Á ©¨
:ÌȯÎÏ ¦ § ¨§
¯ÓBÏ© ,et¯r ¥ § ¨ ‰L˜ ¤ § © § eÈt ¥ ¨ ÊÈr ¦ ¨ Cȉ¥ .e˙eÚhÓ ¥ ¨ ¦ e·L § © ‡Ï Ÿ oicÓe¦ ©£©
Ÿ § eÁ‡
‡Ï § © £ ÌȘÈcˆ ¦ ¦ © ,eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EÈÙÏ ¤¨§
:e‡Ë¨ Á1̈ eÈ˙B·‡Â ¥ £ © eÁ‡ § © £ Ï·¨ ‡£á ,e‡ËÁ ¨¨
.eÈÏr ¥ ¨ Ìlr ¨ ª e˙ § ¨ .epnÓ ¤ ¦ ˯BÓÓe ¨ § CMÓ ¨ ª Ó⧠.eÏÓr ¥ ¨ £ e˜Lr § ¨ EpipiÓl ¥ ¥§
.Ì„iÓ Ôȇ ˜¯t
¨ ¨ ¦ ¥ ¥ Ÿ
ã .e· eÏLÓ ÌÈ„·rã .eÓÎL Ir eÏ·Ò
¨ § ¨ ¦ ¨ £ ¥ § ¦ © § © ¨
¥Ÿ £ © epnÓ
.eÈÂra ¤ ¦ z˜Á¯ ¨ § © ¨ .eȉG‡ ¥ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Ee‡¯˜ ¨ § .ee··Ò ¨ § ˙Ba¯© ˙B¯ˆ¨
:e„·‡Â§ ¨ ¨ § eÈrz ¦ ¨ .EȯÁ‡Ó ¤ £ © ¥ e·§ L ©ä
ew ¥ © :Èw ¦ ¥ © ˙B¯zÒpÓ ¨ § ¦ ¦ ,ÔÈ·È-ÈÓ ¦ ¨ ¦ ˙B‡È‚¦ L §å ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ¯Ó‡ © ¨ E˜„ˆ § § ¦ giWn © ¦ §
,eÈ˙B‡ÓË-ÏkÓ e¯‰Ë eÈrLt-IkÓ eȉχ ‰Â‰È
¥ § ª ¨ ¦ ¥ £ © § ¥ ¨ § ¨ ¦ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ¨Ÿ §
¦ § © ¨Âæ§ ,E‡È·
Èz˜¯Ê ¤ ¦ § „È-Ïr © © ·e˙kk ¨ © ,e¯‰Ë ¥ £ © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © eÈIr ¥ ¨ ˜B¯Êe§
ÌÎÈÏeJb-ÏkÓe
¤ ¥ ¦ ¨ ¦ ÌÎÈ˙B‡ÓË ¤ ¥ § ª IŸkÓ¦ ,Ìz¯‰Ëe ¤ § © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © ÌÎÈÏr ¤ ¥£
:ÌÎ˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ¯‰Ë‡ ¥ ©£
,ÚÓLe ¨ § Eʇ § § ¨ | ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰è© ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ÚeL © ¦ ˙B„eÓÁ-LÈ £ ‡ç¦ l`Ipc ¥¦ ¨
EÓL § ¦ ‡¯˜-¯L‡ ¨ § ¦ ¤ £ ¯Èr‰Â ¦ ¨ § ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ‰‡¯e ¥ § EÈÈr ¤ ¥ Á˜t ©§
,EÈÙϤ ¨ § eÈeÁz ¥ £ © ÌÈÏÈtÓ ¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ïr ¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ | Èk¦ ,‰ÈÏr̈ ¨ ¤
¨Ÿ £ ,‰ÁÏÒ
È„‡ ¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL ¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr ¤ £ © © Èk¦
E¯Èr-Ïr
§ ¦ © ‡¯˜ ¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk § ¦ ¦ ,ȉG‡ © ¡ ErÓI § © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ © © § © ,‰Nr ¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰ ¨ ¦ § ©
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © ©§
Èt
© ¨ ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ Ìȯ‰Ï ¦ ¨ § ÈzÓÏÎ ¦ § © § ¦ § ÈzLa ¦ § Ÿ ,È‰Ï © Ÿ ‡¡é ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ¯Ó‡ © ¨ ¯ÙBq‰ ¥ © `xfÓ ¨§ ¤
„r© ‰Ï„‚ ¨ § ¨ e˙ÓL‡Â ¥ ¨ § © § L‡¯ Ÿ ‰IrÓÏ ¨ § © § e·¯ « ¨ eÈ˙Âr ¥ Ÿ Ÿ £ Èk¦ EÈχ ¤ ¥
Ÿ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
‡Ï ¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡-C¯‡ ¦ © © ¤ ¤ ÌeÁ¯Â © § ÔepÁ© ˙BÁÈÏÒ ¦ § dBI‡ © ¡ ‰z‡ ¨ © Âë§ :ÌÈÓMϦ¨ ¨©
e¯ˆBÈ
¥ § eÁÈÊz ¥ ¦ § © χ © § ,e‡¯Ba ¥ § eLhz ¥ § ¦ χ © § eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ e·Êrz ¥ § © © χ© :Ìz·Êr ¨ § ©£
¯·c‰-˙‡
¨ ¨ © ¤ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eϨ Ìi˜Â ¤ © § ,eÈ˙‡hÁk ¥ Ÿ © § ‰Ïk ¨ ¨ enr ¨ ¦ Nrz © © χ ©§
̉‰ ¥ ¨ ÌÈÓi ¦ ¨aì© ,¯eÓ‡k ¨ ¨ .CÊBÁ ¨ e‰ÈÓ¯È
¨ § § ¦ È„È-Ïr ¥ § © ‰Ia˜a ¨ ¨ © § ezÁË·‰L ¨ § © § ¦ ¤
Ÿ © ¤ § epȇÂ
˙‡hÁ-˙‡Â ¤ ¥ § χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ÔÂr-˙‡ Ÿ £ ¤ Lw·È © ª § ‰Â‰È-̇ ¨Ÿ § ª § ‡È‰‰ ¦ © ˙r·e ¥¨
È·r¯
¥ ¥ § E˙ÏÁ § ¨ £ © § En§ rî© :¯È‡L‡ ¦ § © ¯L‡I ¤ £ © ÁIÒ‡ © § ¤ Èk¦ ‰‡ˆn˙ ¨ ¤ ¨ ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ § ‰„e‰È
¨ §
ê·ÂË
:Á ‰ ‰Îȇ („ :Ê ÁÈ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ,ÊÙ ‡ÓÂÈ (· :ÂÎ ËÒ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (‡ ‡"Â˙
Ë Ì˘ (Ë :‡È È Ï‡È„ (Á :‰Î ÂÏ Ï‡˜ÊÁÈ (Ê :‚È ËÈ ÌÈω˙ ( :‡È ÂË ‡-χÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (‰
:ÂÎ Ë Ìȯ·„ („ :Î  ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ï :ÊÈ Ë ‰ÈÓÁ (Î :Â Ë ‡¯ÊÚ (È :ËÈ-ÁÈ
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ (1 ˙‚‰‰
ÈÚÈ·¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 72
¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È
eȉχ ¨Ÿ Ï©à Èk¦ eÚ„ÈÂ
§ ¥ § e¯ÈkÈ
¦ © .ErLÈ
¤ § ¦ È·‡z
¥ ¥ § EcÒÁ
¤ § © ȇӈ
¥ ¥ § E·eË
§
:˙BÁÈÏq‰Â
¦ § © § ÌÈÓÁ¯‰̈
¦ £ ©
‰Nr ¥ £ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ È⧠. EÓL ¤ § ‡¯˜ ¨ § ¦ ea¨ . EÓL ¤ § ÔepÁ᩠χ¥ . EÓL ¤ § ÌeÁ¯á© l`¥
. E˙ȯa
¤ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ EzÓ‡ . 1¤ ¦ £ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ ©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙c ¤ ¨ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . Ez¯‡Ù˙ ¤ § © § ¦ § EÏ„b § § ¨ ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £
ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E¯ÎÊ ¤ § ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„eÚ ¤ ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„B‰ ¤
ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ E„eÁÈ. ¤ ¦ ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ E·eË . ¤ ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ EcÒÁ . ¤§ ©
ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙eÎÏÓ ¤ § © ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„enÏ ¤ ¦ ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„B·k ¤ §
. E¯‡t¤ ¥ § ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ Efr. ¤ ª ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ E„BÒ . ¤ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ EÁˆ ¤§¦
EÈÓÁ¯¤ £ © ÔrÓI© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E˙M„˜ ¤ ¨ ª § ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ E˙˜„ˆ. ¤ ¨ § ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙l‰z ¤ ¨ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙ÈÎL ¤ ¨ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ ©¨
. ·˜rÈÂ
Ÿ £ © § ˜ÁˆÈ ¨ § ¦ ̉¯·‡ ¨ ¨ § © ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ ¯Ùr . ¨ ¨ ÈÎB ¥§ L ã EÈ·‰B‡ ¤£ ÔrÓI
©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . ‰ÓÏLe Ÿ Ÿ § „Âc ¦ ¨ ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . Ô¯‰‡ÂŸ £ © § ‰LÓ ¤ Ÿ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
‰Nr ¥ £ . E„B·k ¤ § ÔkL © § Óå¦ ÔBiˆ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EL„˜ ¤ § ¨ ¯Èr¦ ÌÏLe ¦© ¨ ¯È ä§
‰Nr .
¥ £ EÁaÊÓ ¤ § § ¦ ˙eÒȯ‰ ¦ £ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ EÏÎȉ . ¤ ¨ ¥ ˙BÓÓL § ¦ ÔrÓÏ ©©§
. E„eÁÈ
¤ ¦ Ïr© ÌÈÁe·Ë ¦ § ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EL„˜ ¤ § ¨ ÌL ¥ Ïr© ÌÈ‚e¯‰ ¦ £ ÔrÓI ©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ EÓL . ¤ § Lec˜¦ Ïr© ÌÈn·e ¦ © © L‡· ¥ ¨ ȇa ¥ ¨ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
. eÚLÙ § ¨ ‡lL Ÿ ¤ ·IÁ ¨ ¨ ÈÏeÓ¥ bç§ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ e‡ËÁ . § ¨ ‡lL Ÿ ¤ ÌÈ„L ¦ © ¨ Ș¥ BÈ æ§
‡ÏŸ ̇¦ ErÓÏ § © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . Ôa¯ ¨ © ˙Èa¥ ÏL ¤ ˙B˜BÈzè¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
:erÈLB‰Â
¥ ¦ § ErÓÏ § © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ erÓÏ ¥£ © §
¥ £ . er
er ¥ £ eÈ·¦ ‡ë̈ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Epp¥2 Ó £é
¥ £ . er
er ¥ £ eL¯Bc ¥ § er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ eχB¥ £ bî er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ e‡¯B¥ § aì
:er ¥ £ ÔÓ‡p‰ ¨ ¡ ¤ © χ¥ ‰ð̈
:er ¨ © § ÈÁò© er
¥ £ Ìi˜Â ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ¯LÈ ¨ ¨ § CÊñ© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ § ˜È˙ ¦ ¨ EppÓ ¥£
ÂÚ
Ù"Ú (‰ :ËÈ ÂÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È („ :Ê „È ‰ÈÓ¯È (‚ : „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë Ë Ï‡È„ (‡ ‡"Â˙
˙·˘ (Ë :Ë ÁÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Á :ÊË · χÂÈ Ù"Ú (Ê :Á ÂÎ ÌÈω˙ ( :„Î .ÊË Ì˘ χÈ„
‚Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È (Î :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÏ ÁÈ ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ (È :È·Ï ‰"„ È"˘¯ ‡ ,ÊÈ ˙Âί· ‰‡¯Â .· ,‚Ï
ÊΠ χÈ„ (Ú : Á ·Âȇ Ù"Ú (Ò :Ë Ê Ìȯ·„ ( :„ ÊÓ Ì˘ (Ó :‡ ‚Ó Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Ï :ÊË
:(ÈÂÈ˘·)
.ÌÏÂη ÔΠ,C˙ȯa » ƒ ¬ ÔÚÓÏ :„ÈÓ˙ ¯Ó‡ ,˙ÂÁÈÏÒ· ¯Â·Èˆ ÁÈÏ˘Î È·¯‰ (1 ˙‚‰‰
» ƒ¿ .CzÈÓ‡
,ȯ˘˙-ÏÂχ ,'„"·Á È‚‰Ó ¯ˆÂ‡' ‰‡¯) ˙‡˜ÒÙ‰ ÈÓÂÈÒ· ÂϘ ı"˘‰ ‰È·‚Ó ÂÚ ˙¯ÈÓ‡· (2
.(ÁÎ 'ÓÚ
ÊÏ ÈÚÈ·¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 73
ÌÈÒrk ¦ ¨ § L·B ¥ kâ er ¥ £ . er¥ £ ¯ˆÈ ¤ ¤ r„B© ¥ Èá er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ·ÈËÓe ¦ ¥ ·BËà Epp¥ Ó £1
ÌÈÎIn‰¦ ¨ § © ÈÎÏÓ ¥ § © CI¤ Óä¤ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § L·B ¥ Ïã er ¥ £ . er ¥£
:er ¥£
˙ra ¥ § ‰B ¤ Úç er ¥ £ . er¥ £ ÏÁBÓe¥ ÁÏBÒ
© ¥ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ·bN æ¦ § ‡¯B¨ å EppÓ
¨ § Â ¥£
:er ¥ £ ¯LÈ ¨ ¨ § ˜Èc¦ ˆè© er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ÏÈvÓe ¦ © ‰„B ¤ tç er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ‰¯ˆ ¨¨
C¯ë© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÒBÚÎÏ § ¦ ‰L ¤ ˜ë̈ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ Âȇ¯B˜Ï¨ § § ·B¯˜é̈ EppÓ ¥£
:er
¥ £ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯ì© er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ˙Bv¯I ©§
er¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÌÈÓÈÓz ¦ ¦ § CÓBz ¥ ¥ £ . er
er ¥ £ ÌÈBÈ·‡-χ
¦ § ¤ ¤ rÓB ©¥ L î EppÓ ¥£
„Á© tò© er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ̉¯·‡¨ ¨ § © È‰Ï ¥ Ÿ ‡¡ñ er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £ È‰Ï ¥ Ÿ ‡¡ð
. er¥ £ ÌÈË·M‰ ¦ ¨ § © ˙¯Êr © § ¤ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ¯È·¦ ‡£ô er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ˜ÁˆÈ ¨ §¦
È·¦ ‡£÷ er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ÔBˆ¯¨ ˙ra ¥ § ‰B ¤ Úö er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ˙B‰n‡ ¨ ¦ ·bNÓ © § ¦ er ¥£
:er¥ £ ˙BÓχ ¨ § © Ôi©c÷© er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ÌÈÓB˙È ¦ §
‰rL¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰i¯Bn‰ ¨ ¦ © ¯‰a © § eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ ̉¯·‡Ï ¨ ¨ § © § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ inø¦
‰rL¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓù¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÁaÊn‰ © ¥ § ¦ © Èab-Ir ¥ © © „˜rpLk © ¡ ¤ ¤ § Ba§ ˜ÁˆÈI ¨ § ¦§
ÌȯeÒ‡‰¦ £ ¨ ˙È·a ¥ § ÛÒBÈÏ¥ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ I‡¥ ˙È·a ¥ § ·˜rÈÏ Ÿ £©§
ÈÓú¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÛeÒ-ÌÈ-Ir © © eÈ˙B·‡Ï ¥ £ © ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓø¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰
‰zÁna¨ § © © Ô¯‰‡Ï Ÿ £ © § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ·¯BÁa ¥ § ‰LÓÏ ¤ Ÿ § ‰rL ¨¨ ¤
. erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰„r‰ ¨ ¥ ¨ CBzÓ¦ BÓe˜a§ ÒÁÈÙÏ ¨ § ¦ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓঠ. erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰
χeÓLÏ
¥ § ¦ ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓø¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÏbÏba ¨ § ¦ © rLB‰ÈÏ ©ª ¦ ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓø¦
‡e‰ ÌÏLe¯Èa ¦¨ ¨ ¦ B·§ ‰ÓÏLe Ÿ Ÿ § „Â„Ï ¦ ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓø¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰tˆna ¨§ ¦ ©
‰rL¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓᦠ. erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÏÓ¯k‰ ¤ § © © ¯‰a © § e‰iÏ‡Ï ¨ ¦ ¥ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓø¦ . erÈ ¥£©
‡e‰ ‰‚c‰ ¨ ¨ © ÈrÓa ¥ § ¦ ‰BÈÏ ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓø¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ BÁȯÈa ¦ ¦ ÚLÈχI ¨ ¦ ¡¤
ÈÓ㦠. erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ BÈÏÁa § ¨ § ‰„e‰È ¨ § CÏÓ ¤ ¤ e‰i˜ÊÁÏ ¨ ¦ § ¦ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ⦠. erÈ ¥£©
‰Ú˘
Ë ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú („ :‡ ,Ê ˙Âί· ‰‡¯ (‚ :„È ‚˜ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÁÒ ËȘ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:‚ ,„ ˙Âί· ÈÓÏ˘Â¯È (Á :‰ ‚Ï ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ê :‡Î Ê Ìȯ·„ Ù"Ú ( :‡ ,‚ ˙·‡ (‰ :ÊÈ
ÌÈω˙ (Ó : „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ï :‡È ,‰ ˙·‡ Ù"Ú (Î :ÁÈ ‰Ó˜ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (È :„ ·Ï Ìȯ·„ (Ë
Ù"Ú (ˆ :„Î ËÓ Ì˘ (Ù :·Ó ‡Ï Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Ú :„Î ÂÎ ˙È˘‡¯· (Ò :Ê ÂÎ Ìȯ·„ ( :„Ï ËÒ
Ìȯ·„ ‰‡¯ (˙ :‡È ,· ‰·¯ Ìȯ·„ (˘ :‡ ,ÂË ˙ÈÚ˙ Ù"Ú (¯ : ÁÒ ÌÈω˙ (˜ :Á ËÓ ‰ÈÚ˘È
‚ χÈ„ ‰‡¯ („ :È-· Î Ì˘ (‚ :·Î-‡Î · ·-ÌÈÎÏÓ (· :· ,·Ù Ôȯ„‰Ò ‰‡¯ (‡ :ËÈ Ë
:ÊÎ-ÂÎ
,ȯ˘˙-ÏÂχ ,'„"·Á È‚‰Ó ¯ˆÂ‡' ‰‡¯) ˙‡˜ÒÙ‰ ÈÓÂÈÒ· ÂϘ ı"˘‰ ‰È·‚Ó ÂÚ ˙¯ÈÓ‡· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ÁÎ 'ÓÚ
ÈÚÈ·¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 74
. erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ L‡‰ ¥ ¨ ÔL·k¨ § ¦ CB˙a§ ‰È¯Êr ¨ § © £ © χLÈÓ
¥ ¨ ¦ ‰ÈÁϨ § © £ © ‰rL ¨¨ ¤
ÈÎc¯ÓÏ
© § § ¨ § ‰rL¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ˙Bȯ‡ ¨ £ ·B‚a§ χi„I ¥ ¦ ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓà¦
‰ÏBba
¨ © ‡¯ÊrÏ ¨ § ¤ § ‰rL¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ erÈ. ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰¯Èa‰ ¨ ¦ © ÔLeLa
© § ¯z҇ ¥§ ¤§
ÌÈÓÈÓz‰Â
¦ ¦ § © § ÌÈ„ÈÒÁ‰Â
¦ ¦ £ © § ÌȘÈcv‰-ÏÎÏ
¦ ¦ © © ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ erÈ. ¥ £ © ‡e‰
:erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÌȯLȉ¦¨ §©§
¨ ¨ © § ÂÓÁ¯
Ì„‡-„È·e ¨ £ © ÌÈa¯-Èk
¦ © ¦ ‰Â‰È-„È·
¨Ÿ § © § ‡p-‰Ït
¨ ¨ § ¦ „‡ÓŸ § ÈÏ-¯ˆ
¦ © „b-χ
¨ ¤ „Âc ¦ ¨ xn`I
¤ Ÿ eá©
¨Ÿ ¤ ©
:‰Ït‡-χ
(̉ÈÙ ÏÚ ÌÈÏÙÂ Ôȇ)
Ïa˜Â¥ © § ÈÏr © ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ © ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © ‡Ï¥ Óã̈ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § .EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § È˙‡ËÁ ¦ ¨ ¨ ÔepÁ © § mEgxâ©
ÈpÁ
¦ ¥ ¨ :È¯qÈ˙
¦ ¥ § © § E˙ÓÁa-I‡Â
§ ¨ £ © © § ÈÁÈÎB˙ ¦¥ ¦ Et‡a-I‡
§ © § © ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ äȧ :ÈeÁz ¨ £ ©
‰Ï‰·
¨ £ § ¦ ÈLÙ ¦ § © § :ÈÓˆr ¨ ¨ £ eω· £ § ¦ Èk¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È‡Ù¯ ¦ ¥ ¨ § È‡ ¦ ¨ ÏÏÓ‡ © § ª Èk¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ §
ÔrÓI
© © § ÈrÈLB‰¦¥ ¦ ÈLÙ
¦ § © ‰ˆlÁ ¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰·eL ¨ :È˙Ó-„r
¨ ¨ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰z‡Â ¨ © § „‡Ó Ÿ §
,È˙Á‡a
¦ ¨ § © § | Èzr‚È ¦ § © ¨ :Cl-‰„BÈ
¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ IB‡La § ¦ E¯ÎÊ ¤ § ¦ ˙Âna ¤ ¨ © Ôȇ¥ Èk¦ :EcÒÁ ¤§ ©
ÈÈr
¦ ¥ ÒrkÓ © © ¦ ‰LLr ¨ § ¨ :‰ÒÓ‡ ¤ § © ÈN¯r ¦ § © È˙rÓ„a ¦ ¨ § ¦ § È˙hÓ ¦ ¨ ¦ ‰ÏÈI-Ïη ¨ § © ¨ § ‰ÁN‡ ¤ § ©
:ÈÈÎa
¦ § ¦ ÏB˜ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÚÓL-Èk© ¨ ¦ Ô‡ ¤ ¨ ÈÏrt-Ïk¥ £ Ÿ ¨ ÈpnÓ ¦ ¤ ¦ e¯eÒ :ȯ¯Bˆ-ÏÎa ¨ § ¨ § ‰˜˙r̈ ¨ §
¨ §Ÿ
ȷȇ-Ïk ¨ „‡Ó Ÿ § eωaÈ £ ¨ ¦ § | eL·È Ÿ ¥ :ÁwÈ ¨ ¦ È˙lÙz ¦ ¨ ¦ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È˙pÁz ¦ ¨ ¦ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÚÓL̈ ©
:Ú‚¯ © ¨ eL·È Ÿ ¥ e·LÈ̈ ª
„k© ‡¯a ¨ § .‡ÓÏr ¨ § ¨ ÈiÁÏ ¥ © § ÏB‡L § ÔÓ¦ ˜ÈqÓ ¦ © .‰iÁÓe ¤ © § ˙ÈÓ¦ Ó¥å ,ÈqÓe ¥ © ign ¥ ©
„ȯӄ ¦ ¨ § ‡c·r ¨ § © :dÈ·‡ÎÏ ¥ ¥ § ¦ Èq‡ ¥ © ÒÈÁ„ ¦ ¨ § ȉe·‡ ¦ £ .dÈ˜Ï ¥ § © ȉe·‡ ¦ £ ÈËÁ̈ ¥
ÔÈËÁÂ
¨ ¦ ¨ § Ô‡ ¨ £ C¯Îea ¨§ C¯¨ aæ§ :dȯÏB˜ ¥¨ ¯Èa˙ ¦ © § ·È‡z ¦ ¨ dÈ¯Ó ¥ ¨ .¯ÏB˜a ¨ § ˜ÈÙ ¦¨
‡‰¨ .Cn˜ ¨ © Ô„B¯Óe¨ ¨ § Ô‡ ¨ £ Cc·r ¨ § © .Ôȯ¯Ó ¦ ¨ § ÔÈ„È‚a ¦ ¦ § ÔÈLÙ ¦ § © ȯ ¥ ¨ ‡‰¨ .Cn˜ ¨ ©
.ÔÈLÈÙc
¦ ¦ § ¦ CÓÁ¯a ¨ £ © § CpÓ ¨ ¦ eËÓa ¨ § .‡˙eȘIÓa ¨ ¦ § © § ‡‰¨ .‡È·La ¨ § ¦ § ‡‰¨ .‡˙Ê·a ¨§¦ §
:‡È·Ma
¨ § ¦ © ‡¯ÈÓb ¨ ¦ § ȉ ¥ ¡ ¤ ‡Ïc ¨ § „r© .ÔÏr ¨ £ ÛB˜˙c § ¦ ÔÈ·‡ÎÏ ¦ ¥ § ¦ Èq‡ ¥ ©
ÈrÈÓLÓ
¥ ¦ § © :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ Ïr© aç© ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .eÈÓÁ¯ ¥ £ © eÒÈΉ ¦ § © .ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © iqipkn ¥ ¦§ ©
ÈrÈÓLÓ
¥ ¦ § © :‰lÙz ¨ ¦ § rÓB ©¥ L è ÈÙI
¥ § ¦ .e˙lÙz¥ ¨ ¦ § eÚÈÓL‰ ¦ § © .‰lÙz ¨ ¦ §
eÒÈΉ ¦ § © .‰rÓ„ ¨ § ¦ ÈÒÈÎÓ
¥ ¦ § © :‰˜rˆ ¨ ¨ § rÓB © ¥ Lé ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .e˙˜rˆ ¥ ¨ £ © eÚÈÓL‰ ¦ § © .‰˜rˆ ¨¨§
‰pÁz¨ ¦ § ea¯‰Â § © § eÏczL‰ § © § ¦ :˙BÚÓ„a ¨ § ¦ ‰v¯˙Ó ¤ © § ¦ CIÓ ¤ ¤ ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ eÈ˙BÚÓ„ ¥ § ¦
ÂÈÙÏ
¨ ¨ § eÚÈÓL‰ ¦ § © .ÂÈÙI ¨ ¨ § e¯Èkʉ ¦ § © :‡O ¨ ¦ § Ì¯ë¨ Ï‡¥ CÏÓ ¤ ¤ ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .‰Lw·e ¨ ¨©
‰iÁÈÂ
¤ © ¦ Ì˙·‰‡ ¨ ¨ £ © ¯BkÊȧ ¦ .¯Ùr ¨ ¨ ÈÎB ¥§ L î ÏL ¤ ÌÈ·BË ¦ ÌÈNrÓe ¦ £ © ‰¯B¨ zì
ÌÚ¯Ê
ÌÈω˙ (‰ :‰ ,‡ ˙Âί· ÈÓÏ˘Â¯È („ : „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‚ :„È „Î ·-χÂÓ˘ (· :‰Î-ÊÈ Â Ï‡È„ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:ÂË ,Ê ‰·¯ ˙ω˜ (Á :·Î „ ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"‰Ú Ô˙ÂÈ Ì‚¯˙ (Ê : · ‡-χÂÓ˘ ( :‡È-· Â
:ËÈ ÂÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ó :Ë , ˙·‡ Ù"Ú (Ï :ÂË Ê ‰ÈÚ˘È (Î :‡ ,ÂË ˙ÈÚ˙ (È :· ,ÁÎ ˙Âί· (Ë
ÁÏ ÈÚÈ·¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 75
‰È‰ ¨ ¨ ÔÓ‡ ¨ ¡ ¤ ‰rB ¤ ¯á Ô‡ˆ Ÿ Èk¦ .·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ˙ȯ‡ ¦¥L ৠ„·‡˙ © Ÿ ‡lL Ÿ ¤ Ìr¯Ê ¨ §©
.erLÈ¥ § ¦ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ er ¥ £ ¯‰Ó ¥ © .‰ÈLI ¨ ¦ § ¦ § ÏL ¨ ÓÏä̈ § „Á‡ ¨ ¤ ÈBbã χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ .‰t¯ ¤â §
¨ § ÁI
ÁÈLÓ
© ¦ § ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯a ¤ £ © § ‰rÈLB‰Â ¨ ¦ § ˙BL˜¨ ˙B¯Êb-IkÓ ¥ § ¨ ¦ e„Ùe ¥§
:Cnr ¨ © § C˜„ˆ ¨ §¦
ÔB‰lk § ª .dÈe·LÏ ¥ § ¦ ÔpÁ˙Ó„ ¥ © § ¦ § .‡È·L ¨ § ¦ ¯·k © § .ÔpÁ˙Ó¨ ¥ © § ¦ CϨ .‡iÓL·c ¨ © § ¦ § oxn ¨¨
.ÈeÁ˙·e ÈÓÁ¯a χ¯NÈ Cnr .ÔȘ¯t˙Ó ‡tÒÎa .‡È·L Èa
¥ £ © § ¥ £ © § ¥ ¨ § ¦ ¨ © § ¦ § ¨ § ¦ ¨ § © § ¨ § ¦ ¥ §
:CÓ„˜¨ ¨ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ̘ȯ ¨ ¥ ¯c‰ © § ¤ ‡Ic ¨ § ÔÈ˙eÚ·e ¦ ¨ ÔÈzI‡L ¦ § ¦ § ÔϨ ·‰©
Ô‡
¨ £ ȘÈLr ¥ ¦ £ .dȯÓÏ ¥ ¨ § ÔpÁ˙Óc ¥ © § ¦ § ‡c·rk ¨ § © § .ÔpÁ˙Ó ¨ ¥ © § ¦ CϨ .‡iÓL·c ¨ © § ¦ § oxn ¨¨
˙ÈI ‡ÏÈÁ .ÔÈLÈÙ„ ÔÈ˙˜rÓ ÔÈLÙ ÔÈ¯È¯Ó .ÔȯL ‡ÎBLÁ·e
¥ ¨ ¥ ¦ ¦ § ¦ ¦ § © ¥ ¦ § © ¦ ¦ § ¨ ¦ ¨ ¨ £ ©
:‡˙‰·‡
¨ ¨ ¨ § © Ìr¦ z¯Ê‚c ¨ § © § ¦ ‡Ói˜ ¨ ¨ © IÈ„a ¦ § „È·r ¦ £ .Ô¯Ó ¨ ¨ CÈev¯Ï
¨ © § Ôä

,χ¯NÈ © Ÿ χÂ
¥ ¨ § ¦ „·‡È © § ,χ¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙ȯ‡ ¦¥L §æ ¯BÓL § ,χ¯NÈ
¥ ¨§ ¦ xnF
¥ Wå
:χ¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ÚÓ© L §ç ÌȯÓB‡‰
¦§ ¨
,„Á‡ © Ÿ χÂ
¨ ¤ ÈBb „·‡È ¨ ¤ rè© ˙ȯ‡L
© § ,„Á‡-Ì ¦ ¥ § ¯BÓL ¨ ¤ ÈBbã
§ ,„Á‡ xnFW
¥
:„Á‡¨ ¤ | ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ,eȉχ
¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â¨Ÿ‰È ç § ,EÓL§ ¦ ÌÈ„ÁÈÓ‰
¦£© § ©
© Ÿ χÂ
ÈBb „·‡È © § ,LB„˜¨ Ìrë© ˙ȯ‡L ¦ ¥ § ¯BÓL § ,LB„˜¨ ÈBbé xnFW
¥
:LB„˜Ï ¨ § ˙BM„˜ ª § LÏLaŸ ¨ § ÌÈLlLÓ‰ ¦ § © § © ,LB„˜¨
,Èr
¦ ¨ ¯B„ϧ Òit˙‰Â
¥ © § ¦ § ‰v¯˙‰¤ © § ¦ ,ÌÈeÁ˙a
¦ £ © § Òit˙Óe
¥ © § ¦ ,ÌÈÓÁ¯a ¦ £ © § dSxzn
¤ ©§ ¦
:¯ÊBÚ
¥ Ôȇ¥ Èk¦
:‰z‡ ¨ ¨ ‡l‡
¨ ¤ CÏÓ ¤ ¤ eϨ Ôȇ¥ ekÏÓ ¥ § © eÈ·¦ ‡î̈ :‰z‡ ¨ ¨ eÈ·‡ ¥ § © Epia¦ `ì̈
¦ ¨ ekÏÓ
ea¨ Ôȇ¥ Èk¦ erÂ
¥ £ © epÁ
¥ ¨ ekÏÓ
¥ § © eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ :eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ § © eÈ·¦ ‡ì̈
¥ © ekÏÓ
:erÈLB‰Â
¥ ¦ § ÏB„b‰ ¨ © EÓL § ¦ ÔrÓÏ
© © § „ÒÁ¤ ¤ ¨ ‰˜„ˆ
¨ ¨ § enr¨ ¦ ‰Nr ¥ £ ÌÈNrÓ¦ £©

¯ÎŸ Êñ§ :eÈÈr


¥ ¥ EÈÏr
¤ ¨ Èk¦ ,‰Nrp-‰Ó
¤ £ © © Ú„ © ¥ ‡Ï Ÿ Epgp`§ © £ e©ð
:‰n‰ ¨ ¥ ÌÏBÚÓ
¨ ¥ Èk¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁ ¤ ¨ £ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EÈÓÁ¯ ¤£ ©
¨ ¨ § ¦ ‡©ô :CϨ eÏÁÈ
eÏ-¯kÊz-I § © ¦ ¯L‡k
¤ £ © ,eÈIr ¨Ÿ § EcÒÁ-ȉ
¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È § § © ¦ Èò§
:„‡ÓŸ § eBl„© Èk¦ ,EÈÓÁ¯
¤ £ © eeÓc˜È § © § ¯‰Ó¥ © ,ÌÈBL‡¯
¦ ¦ ˙BÂrŸ£
ÂÁ
‰ÈÓ¯È (‰ :‚Î Ê ·-χÂÓ˘ („ :Ë „Î ‰ÈÓ¯È Ù"Ú (‚ :‚È ,Ê ‰·¯ ¯˙Ò‡ (· :Ê ‰ ‰ÎÈÓ (‡ ‡"Â˙
ËÈ ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (È :Á ‚ ¯˙Ò‡ (Ë :„  Ìȯ·„ (Á : ‡Ï ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ê :„ ‡Î˜ ÌÈω˙ ( :Ì˘
ÌÈω˙ (Ò :·È Î ·-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ ( :· ,‰Î ˙ÈÚ˙ (Ó :‡ , ˙ÈÚ˙ Û"ȯ (Ï :Â Ê Ìȯ·„ (Î :Â
:Á ËÚ Ì˘ (Ù :·Î ‚Ï Ì˘ (Ú : ‰Î
ÈÚÈ·¯ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 76
:¯BkÊz § ¦ ÌÁ¯ ¤Ÿ a᧠:Êe· er·N
¥ © Ê‚¯ § © ¨ ·¯-Èk © ¦ ,epÁ ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ep¥ Áà̈
¤Ÿ § :¯BkÊz
Ê‚¯a § ¦ ˙BÓÈÓz ¦ § Ê‚¯a ¤Ÿ § :¯BkÊ˙ § ¦ ‰„˜r ¨ ¥ £ Ê‚¯a¤Ÿ §
-ÌBÈ·§ erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰ ¨ ¦ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ È⧠:¯BkÊ˙ § ¦ ‰·‰‡ ¨£©
| e¯Ê¥ § rä̈ :eÁ‡
§ ¨ £ ¯Ùr-Èk
¨ ¨ ¦ ¯eÎʨ ,e¯ˆÈ ¥ § ¦ Ú„È © ¨ ‡e‰-Èk㦠:e‡¯˜¥ §¨
¯tÎÂ
¥ © § eÏÈv‰Â¥ ¦ © § ,EÓL-„B·k¤ § § ¯·c-Ïr© § © erLÈ ¥ § ¦ ȉχ ¥Ÿ ¡
:EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ ¥ Ÿ © ©
© © § eÈ˙‡hÁ-Ïr
CÈÏÓÈÂ
¦ § © § d˙eÚ¯Î
¥ § ¦ ‡¯· ¨ § Èc¦ ‡ÓÏra
¨ § ¨ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL © © § ¦ § lCBz
¥ § Lc˜˙ÈÂ © © § i1¦
ÔBÎÈiÁa
¥ © § :ÔÓ‡ .dÁÈLÓ ¥ ¦ § ·¯˜È ¥ ¨ ¦ d˜¯et¥¨ § ÁÓˆÈÂ
© § © § ,d˙eÎIÓ ¥ § ©
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,·È¯˜ ¦ ¨ ÔÓÊ·e
© § ¦ ‡I‚ra¨ ¨ £ © ,I‡¯NÈ¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-I΄
¥ ¨ § ÈiÁ·e ¥ © § ÔBÎÈÓBÈ·e¥ §
ÁazLÈÂ
© © § ¦ § C¯a˙È ¥ ¨ § ¦ :‡iÓÏr¨ © § ¨ ÈÓIrÏe
¥ § ¨ § ÌÏrÏ © ¨ § C¯·Ó © ¨ § ‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § ‡‰È ¥§
‡L„e˜c
¨ § § dÓL ¥ § Il‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‰lr˙ÈÂ
¤ © § ¦ § ¯c‰˙Ȩ © § ¦ § ‡O˙ÈÂ
¥ © § ¦ § ÌÓB¯˙ÈÂ
¨ § ¦ § ¯‡t˙È ¥ ¨ § ¦§
,‡˙ÓÁÂ
¨ ¨ ¡ ¤ § ‡˙ÁaLz
¨ ¨ § § ª ,‡˙¯ÈL ¨ ¨ ¦ § ‡˙ίa-Ïk
¨ ¨ § ¦ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ‡lrÏ ¨ ¥ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡e‰ Cȯa ¦§
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,‡ÓIra¨ § ¨ § Ô¯ÈÓ‡c
¨ ¦ £ ©
Èc¦ ÔB‰e·‡£ Ì„˜ ¨ ¢ ,χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-Ï΄ ¥ ¨ § ÔB‰˙eÚ·e § ¨ ÔB‰˙Bψ § § lAwzY ¥© § ¦
:ÔÓ‡ e¯Ó‡Â2 ,‡iÓL·
¥ ¨ § ¦ § ¨ © § ¦
,χ¯NÈ-Ïk
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¨ Ïr © § eÈÏr¥ ¨ ÌÈ·BË ¦ ÌÈiÁÂ
¦ © § ‡iÓL¨ © § ÔÓ¦ ‡a¯ ¨ © ‡ÓÏL ¨ ¨ § `di ¥§
:ÔÓ‡¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦§
,χ¯NÈ-Ïk
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¨ Ïr © § eÈÏr¥ ¨ ÌBÏL ¨ ‰NrÈ ¤ £ © ‡e‰ ,ÂÈÓB¯Óa ¨ § ¦ ÌBÏL ¨ dU ¤3 Ÿrå
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦§

ȯ˘‡
·Âȇ ( :Ë ËÚ Ì˘ (‰ :„È ‚˜ Ì˘ („ :È Î ÌÈω˙ (‚ :· ‚ ˜Â˜·Á (· :‚ ‚Θ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:· ‰Î
,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‰ÁÈ˘Ó ·¯˜È ,‡·¯ ‰Ó˘ ˙·È˙‰ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘È„˜· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ (1 ˙‚‰‰
(¯Ó‡ ˙ˆ˜ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ͯ·˙È . . ‰Ó˘ ‡‰È (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁÂ
ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‡Â‰ Íȯ· ‡˘„˜„ ‰Ó˘ (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) Ïω˙È . . Á·˙˘ÈÂ
.(6 'ÓÚ ,ÌÈ‚‰Ó‰ ¯ÙÒ)
.(Ì˘) ˙ˆ˜Ó· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ Z Ï·˜˙˙ Ï˘ ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú˘· (2
.ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰ ÔÈÓÈÏ Z ‰˘ÂÚ :˘È„˜ Ï˘ ÌÂÏ˘ ‰˘ÂÚ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰Â ˙ÈÈˉ (3
ÚˆÓ‡· Z ÔÓ‡ . . ‡Â‰ ¢‡¯ Û˜ÂÊ ,ÚˆÓ‡· Z ÂÈÓ¯ӷ .ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰ Ï‡Ó˘Ï Z ÌÂÏ˘
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó)
ËÏ È˘ÈÓÁ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 77

:‰Ïq ¨ ¤ EeÏÏ‰È § © § „BÚ ,E˙È· ¤ ¥ È·LBÈ ¥ § ixW¥ § `©à


Ìr‰¨ ¨ ȯL‡ ¥ § © ,BJ ‰ÎkL ¨ ¨ ¤ Ìr‰ ¨ ¨ ȯL ¥ § ‡©á
EÓÓB¯‡
§ ¦ £ ,„Â„Ï ¦ ¨ § ‰J‰ ¨ ¦ z⧠:ÂȉG‡ ¨ ¡ ‰Â‰ÈL ¨Ÿ § ¤
:„r¤ ¨ ÌIBÚϨ § EÓL § ¦ ‰Î¯·‡Â ¨ § ¨ £ © ,CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © ȉBI‡ © ¡
ÌÏBÚÏ
¨ § EÓL § ¦ ‰Iω‡Â ¨ § © £ © ,jί·‡ ¨ ¤ § ¨ £ ÌBÈ-IÎa ¨ §
Ôȇ¥ B˙l„‚I¨ ª § ¦ § ,„‡Ó Ÿ § IJ‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„b¨ :„rÂ̈ ¤
¤Ÿ
EÈ˙¯e·‚e § ,EÈNrÓ ¤ £ © ÁaLÈ © © § ¯B„I§ ¯Bc :¯˜Á ¤¥
¤ Ÿ § § ¦ ȯ·„Â
EÈ˙‡ÏÙ ¥ § ¦ § ,E„B‰ ¤ „B·k§ ¯„‰ © £ :e„ÈbÈ ¦©
E˙J„‚e
§ ¨ ª § ,e¯Ó‡È ¥ Ÿ EÈ˙‡¯B ¤ Ÿ § ÊeÊr ¡ ¤ :‰ÁÈN‡ ¨ ¦ ¨
E˙˜„ˆÂ
§ ¨ § ¦ § ,eÚÈaÈ ¦ © E·eË-·¯§ © ¯ÎÊ ¤ ¤ :‰p¯tÒ‡ ¨¤§ ©£
-I„‚e ¨ § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌeÁ¯Â © § ÔepÁ© :ep¯È ¥ ©§
-Ïk-Ïr
¨ © ÂÈÓÁ¯Â ¨ £ © § ,ÏkI Ÿ © ‰Â‰È-·BË ¨Ÿ § :„ÒÁ̈¤
EÈ„ÈÒÁÂ
¤ ¦ £ © ,EÈNrÓ-Ïk ¤ £ © ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Ee„BÈ :ÂÈNrÓ ¨ £©
E˙¯e·‚e
§ ¨ § ,e¯Ó‡È ¥ Ÿ E˙eÎÏÓ § § © „B·k§ :‰Îeί·È ¨ §¨ §
¨Ÿ
,ÂÈ˙¯e·b § Ì„‡‰ ¨ ¨ ¨ È·Ï ¥ § ¦ | rÈ„B‰Ï © ¦ § :e¯a„È ¥ ©§
˙eÎÏÓ § © ,E˙eÎIÓ § § © :B˙eÎÏÓ § © ¯„‰ © £ „B·Îe §
Ÿ ¨ ¯Bc-IÎa
:¯„ ¨ § EzÏLÓÓe § §© § ¤ ¦ ¨Ÿ
,ÌÈÓÏÚ-Ik̈
-ÏÎI ¨ § Û˜BÊ ¥ § ,ÌÈÏÙp‰-IÎI ¦ § Ÿ © ¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § CÓBÒ ¥
‰z‡Â¨ © § ,e¯aNÈ ¥ © § EÈI‡ ¤ ¥ ÏÎ-ÈÈr Ÿ ¥ ¥ :ÌÈÙeÙk‰ ¦ § ©
,E„È-˙‡
¤ ¨ ¤ Á˙Bt © ¥ :Bzra ¦ § ÌÏ·-˙‡¨ § ¨ ¤ ̉I-Ô˙B ¤¨ ¥
-IÎa ¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ˜Ècˆ ¦ © :ÔBˆ¯¨ ÈÁ-ÏÎI © ¨ § rÈaNÓe © ¦ § ©
ÂÈί„
:ÍÏȇ ‡ ‰Ó˜ Ì˘ (‚ :ÂË „Ó˜ Ì˘ (· :‰ „Ù ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
È˘ÈÓÁ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 78

-ÏÎÏ ¨Ÿ § ·B¯˜¨ :ÂÈNrÓ-ÏÎa


¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨ £ © ¨ § „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ § ,ÂÈίc
¨ ¨ §
-ÔBˆ¯§ :˙Ó‡· ¤ ¡ ¤ e‰‡¯˜È ª ¨ § ¦ ¯L‡¤ £ ÏÎI Ÿ § ,Âȇ¯˜ ¨ §Ÿ
:ÌrÈLBÈÂ
¥ ¦ § ÚÓLÈ © § ¦ Ì˙rÂL-˙‡Â
¨ ¨§© ¤ § ,‰NrÈ ¤ £ © Âȇ¯È¨ ¥§
¨ £Ÿ
-Ïk¨ ˙‡Â¥ § ,ÂÈ·‰‡-Ik-˙‡ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯ÓBL ¥
,Èt¦ ¯a„Ȥ © § ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ˙l‰z © ¦ § :„ÈÓLÈ ¦ § © ÌÈrL¯‰̈¦¨ §
:„r¤ ¨ ÌIBÚÏ
¨ § BL„˜ § ¨ ÌL ¥ ¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ C¯·È ¥¨ ¦
:dÈeIω
¨ § © ÌIBÚ-„rÂ
¨ © § ‰zrÓ¨ © ¥ ,dȨ C¯· § © £ Âà©
¥ ¨ § | eÁ‡
:˘È„˜ ȈÁ ı"˘Ï
CÈÏÓÈÂ
¦ § © § d˙eÚ¯Î
¥ § ¦ ‡¯· ¨ § Èc¦ ‡ÓÏra¨ § ¨ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § Lc˜˙È© © § ¦ § lCBz
© © § i1¦
ÔBÎÈiÁa
¥ © § :ÔÓ‡ .dÁÈLÓ ¥ ¦ § ·¯˜È ¥ ¨ ¦ d˜¯et
¥¨ § ÁÓˆÈÂ
© § © § ,d˙eÎIÓ
¥ § ©
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,·È¯˜ ¦ ¨ ÔÓÊ·e
© § ¦ ‡I‚ra
¨ ¨ £ © ,I‡¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-I΄
¥ ¨ § ÈiÁ·e ¥ © § ÔBÎÈÓBÈ·e
¥ §
ÁazLÈÂ
© © § ¦ § C¯a˙È ¥ ¨ § ¦ :‡iÓÏr
¨ © § ¨ ÈÓIrÏe
¥ § ¨ § ÌÏrÏ © ¨ § C¯·Ó © ¨ § ‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § ‡‰È ¥§
‡L„e˜c
¨ § § dÓL ¥ § Il‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‰lr˙ÈÂ
¤ © § ¦ § ¯c‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‡O˙ÈÂ
¥ © § ¦ § ÌÓB¯˙ÈÂ
¨ § ¦ § ¯‡t˙ÈÂ¥ ¨ § ¦§
,‡˙ÓÁÂ
¨ ¨ ¡ ¤ § ‡˙ÁaLz
¨ ¨ § § ª ,‡˙¯ÈL ¨ ¨ ¦ § ‡˙ίa-Ïk
¨ ¨ § ¦ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ‡lrÏ ¨ ¥ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡e‰ Cȯa ¦§
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,‡ÓIra
¨ § ¨ § Ô¯ÈÓ‡c
¨ ¦ £ ©

¥ § ¦ Ó©â :ÌÈt‰
ÔB‡˙p-‰ ¦ ¨ © ˙La ¤ Ÿ eÏ ¨ § ,‰˜„v‰
¨ ¨ § © È„‡¨Ÿ £ Ll§ á
¨ § § ä© :˜cˈp-‰Óe
‰NtÁ ¨© §¦ © ¯a„p-‰Ó
¥ © § © ¯Ó‡p-‰ © Ÿ Óe ©ã
‰ËeLÙ
¨ § EÈÓ § ¦ Èå§ Èk¦ ,EÈχ ¤ ¥ ‰·eL¨ ¨ § ‰¯˜Á ¨Ÿ § © § eÈί„
¥ ¨ §
,EÈÙÏ
¤ ¨ § e‡a¨ ÌÈNrÓ·-‡Ï¦ £ © § Ÿ § „ÒÁ·-‡Ï ¤ ¤ § Ÿ :ÌÈ·L ¦ ¨ Ïa˜I¥ ©§
ÌeÁ¯æ© e˜Ù„ § © ¨ EÈ˙Ïc ¤ ¨ § :EÈ˙I„ ¤ ¨ § e˜Ùc§ © ¨ ÌÈL¯Îe
¦ ¨ § ÌÈl„k¦ ©§
ekÏÓ
¥ § © EÈÙJÓ
¤ ¨ § ¦ :EÈÙlÓ¤ ¨ § ¦ ̘ȯ ¨ ¥ e·ÈLz-χ
¥ ¦ § © ‡¨ ,ÔepÁ ©§
:‰JÙz © ¥ Lç ‰z‡
¨ ¦ § rÓB ¨ © Èk¦ ,e·ÈLz
¥ ¦ § χ© ̘ȯ ¨ ¥
ÚÓ¢
‰Îȇ (‰ :ÊË „Ó ˙È˘‡¯· Ù"Ú („ :ËÏ ‚ ‰Îȇ Ù"Ú (‚ :Ê Ë Ï‡È„ (· :ÁÈ Â˘ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:· ,ÁÎ ˙Âί· (Á : „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ÁÏ˘· ‡ÓÂÁ˙ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ó Ì˘
,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‰ÁÈ˘Ó ·¯˜È ,‡·¯ ‰Ó˘ ˙·È˙‰ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘È„˜· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ (1 ˙‚‰‰
(¯Ó‡ ˙ˆ˜ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ͯ·˙È . . ‰Ó˘ ‡‰È (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁÂ
ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‡Â‰ Íȯ· ‡˘„˜„ ‰Ó˘ (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) Ïω˙È . . Á·˙˘ÈÂ
.(6 'ÓÚ ,ÌÈ‚‰Ó‰ ¯ÙÒ)
Ó È˘ÈÓÁ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 79
Ÿ £ © § ¦ § ¯Na-ÏÎ
˙ÂÁzL‰Ï ¨ ¨ ¨ ‡B·Èá̈ :e‡·È Ÿ ¨ ¯Na-Ïk ¨ ¨ ¨ EÈ„r ¤ ¨ ,‰lÙz ¨ ¦ § ÓnF ©¥ W à
:EÓLI¤ § ¦ e„aÎÈ § © ¦ ,È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ EÈÙÏ £ © § ¦ § | e‡B·Èâ̈ :‰Â‰È
¤ ¨ § eÂÁzLÈ ¨Ÿ § EÈÙI ¤¨§
| ÂȯrL ¨ ¨ § e‡Ÿaä :eNÚ ¥ Ÿ ‰Â‰È-ÈÙÏ ¨Ÿ § ¥ § ¦ ‰Î¯· ¨ § § ¦ ,‰r¯Î ¨ ¨ § ¦ § ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ e‡Ÿaã
¨Ÿ § ¤ eίa
‰Â‰È-˙‡ § ¨ | ‰p¥ ‰å¦ :BÓL § eίa § ¨ BÏ-e„B‰ ,‰l‰˙a ¨ ¦ § ¦ ÂÈ˙¯ˆÁ ¨ Ÿ ¥ £ ‰„B˙a ¨ §
,L„˜ ¤Ÿ Ì΄È-e‡N ¤ ¥§ § :˙BÏÈla ¨Ÿ §
¥ © ‰Â‰È-˙È·a ¥ § ÌÈ„ÓÚ‰ ¦ § Ÿ ¨ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È„·r-Ïk̈¥§ ©
eÓÓB§ ¯ç :ÂÈÏ‚¯ ¨ § © Ì„‰Ï Ÿ £ © ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ ,ÂÈ˙BkLÓÏ ¨ § § ¦ § ‰‡B ¨ ·æ ¨ :‰Â‰È-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ¤ eί·e §¨
eȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eÓÓB § ¯è :‡e‰ LB„˜¨ ,ÂÈÏ‚¯ ¨ § © Ì„‰Ï Ÿ £ © eÂÁzL‰Â £ © § ¦ § eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ §
¨Ÿ © eÂÁzL
‰Â‰ÈÏ £ © § ‰é¦ :eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § LB„˜-Èk ¨ ¦ ,BL„˜ § ¨ ¯‰Ï © § eÂÁzL‰Â £ © § ¦§
‡B·¨ EcÒÁ § § © ·¯a Ÿ § eÁ‡ § © £ Âë© :ı¯‡‰-Ïk¤ ¨ ¨ ¨ ÂÈtÓ ¨ ¨ ¦ eIÈÁ¦ ,L„˜-˙¯„‰a ¤Ÿ © §© §
ÏÎȉ-χ
© ¥ ¤ ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ì¦ :E˙‡¯Èa ¤ ¨ § ¦ § EL„˜-ÏÎȉ-χ
§ § ¨ © ¥ ¤ ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ ,E˙È· ¤ ¥
-Ïk-Ïr
¨ © zÏc‚‰-Èk ¨ § © § ¦ ¦ ,EzÓ‡-Ir ¤ ¦ £ © § EcÒÁ-Ïr § § © © EÓL-˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ‰„B ¤ § EL„˜ § §¨
E˙eÓ‡Â
§ ¨ ¡ ¤ ,dȨ | ÔÈÒÁ ¦ £ EBÓÎ-ÈÓ ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ | ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ îȧ :E˙¯Ó‡ ¤ ¨ § ¦ EÓL § ¦
:ÌÈI‡ ¦ ¥ È·a ¥ § ¦ ‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨Ÿ © ‰Ó„È ¤ § ¦ ,‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨Ÿ © C¯rÈ Ÿ £ © ˜ÁM· © © © ÈÓ¦ Èkð¦ :EÈ˙B·È·Ò ¤ ¦ §
ÏB„‚-È ¨ kò¦ :Ec·I ¤ © § Ìȉχ ¦ Ÿ ¡ ‰z‡ ¨ © ,˙B‡IÙ ¨ § ¦ ‰NÚ ¥ Ÿ § ‰z‡ ¨ © IB„‚-È ¨ kñ¦
Ÿ § Ïl‰Óe
,„‡Ó ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„bô̈ :EzÓ‡ ¤ ¦ £ ÌȘÁL-„r ¦ ¨ § © § ,EcÒÁ ¤ § © ÌÈÓL-ÏrÓ ¦© ¨ ©¥
‡e‰ ‡¯B ¨ ,„‡Ó Ÿ § Ïl‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„‚¨ Èkö¦ :¯˜Á ¤ ¥ Ôȇ¥ B˙l„‚Ï ¨ ª§ ¦ §
¯L¤ ‡£ø :Ìȉχ-Ïk-Ïr¦ Ÿ ¡ ¨ © IB„b¨ CÏÓe ¤ ¤ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„b¨ χ¥ Èk÷¦ :Ìȉχ-Ïk-Ir ¦Ÿ ¡ ¨ ©
‡G ÈÓù¦ :E˙¯e·‚Π¤ Ÿ § ¦ § EÈNrÓÎ ¤ £ © § ‰NrÈ-¯L‡ ¤ £ © ¤ £ ı¯‡·e ¤ ¨ ¨ ÌÈÓMa ¦ © ¨ © χ-ÈÓ ¥ ¦
Ì˙eÎÏÓ-Ïηe
¨ § © ¨ § ÌÈBb‰ ¦ © ÈÓÎÁ-Ïη ¥ § © ¨ § Èk¦ ,‰˙‡È ¨ ¨ ¨ Eϧ Èk¦ ÌÈBb‰ ¦ © CÏÓ ¤ ¤ E‡¯È £ ¨¦
Eϧà :‰¯e·‚a ¨ § ¦ EÓL § ¦ ÏB„‚ ¨ § ‰z‡ ¨ © ÏB„b¨ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EBÓk¨ Ôȇ¥ Óú¥ :EBÓk¨ ÔÈ‡Ó ¥ ¥
‰z‡ ¨ © ,‰ÏÈI ¨ § ¨ EI-Û‡ § © ÌBÈ Eϧá :EÈÓÈ ¤ ¦ § Ìe¯z¨ E„ȧ ¨ ÊÚz Ÿ ¨ ,‰¯e·b-Ìr ¨ § ¦ rB¯Ê © §
:BÏ Ìȯ‰ ¦ ¨ ˙ÙrB˙ Ÿ £ § ,ı¯‡-ȯ˜ÁÓ ¤ ¨ ¥ § § ¤ B„Èa ¨ § ¯L ¤ ‡£â :LÓL ¤ ¨ ¨ ¯B‡Ó¨ ˙BÈΉ ¨ ¦£
‰l„b‰
¨ ª § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Eϧä :B˙J‰z-Ïk ¨ ¦ § ¨ rÈÓLÈ © ¦ § © ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ˙B¯e·b§ IlÓÈ ¥ © § ÈÓã¦
¨Ÿ § Eϧ ,ı¯‡·e
‰Â‰È ¤ ¨ ¨ ÌÈÓMa ¦ © ¨ © ÏÎ-Èk Ÿ ¦ ,„B‰‰Â © § Áˆp‰Â © ¥ © § ˙¯‡Ùz‰Â ¤ ¤ § ¦ © § ‰¯e·b‰Â ¨ §©§
Ï·z
¥ ¥ ,ı¯‡ ¤ ¨ EI-Û‡ § © ÌÈÓL ¦ © ¨ Eϧ å :L‡¯Ï Ÿ § | ÏÎÏ Ÿ § ‡O˙n‰Â ¥ © § ¦ © § ,‰ÎIÓn‰ ¨¨ § © ©
Û¯Á¤Ÿ ¨ ıȘ ¦ © ,ı¯‡ ¤ ¨ ˙BÏe·b-Ïk § ¨ z·v‰ ¨ § © ¦ ‰z¨ ‡©æ :Ìz„ÒÈ ¨ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ © d‡ÏÓe ¨Ÿ §
:ÌÈiˆÏ ¦ ¦ § ÌrÏ © § IÎ‡Ó ¨ £ © epzz ¤ § ¦ ,Ô˙ÈÂÏ ¨ ¨ § ¦ ÈL‡¯ ¥ ¨ zˆv¯ ¨ § © ¦ ‰z¨ ‡ç© :Ìz¯ˆÈ ¨ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ ©
¨ § © ‰z¨ ‡è© :Ô˙ȇ
z¯¯BÙ ¨ ¥ ˙B¯‰ £ © zL·B‰
¨ § © ‰z‡ ¨ © ,ÏÁÂ © ¨ ¨ ÔÈrÓ¨ § © zr˜· ¨ § © ¨ ‰z‡ ¨ ©
êÊÚ·
:„ ˜ Ì˘ (‰ : ‰ˆ Ì˘ („ :Ë ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚Î ÂÒ ‰ÈÚ˘È (· :‚ ‰Ò ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
Á ‰ Ì˘ (Î :Ë Âˆ Ì˘ (È :Ë Ì˘ (Ë :‰ ˈ Ì˘ (Á :Ê ·Ï˜ Ì˘ (Ê :·-‡ „Ϙ Ì˘ (Â
:‰ Á˜ Ì˘ (Ú :È ÂÙ Ì˘ (Ò :Ê Ì˘ ( :Ë ËÙ Ì˘ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ÁϘ Ì˘ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
:Â Ì˘ (˙ :Ê È ‰ÈÓ¯È (˘ :„Î ‚ Ìȯ·„ (¯ :‚ ‰ˆ Ì˘ (˜ :„ ˆ Ì˘ (ˆ :‚ ‰Ó˜ Ì˘ (Ù
:‡È ËÎ ‡-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ (‰ :· ˜ Ì˘ („ :„ ‰ˆ Ì˘ (‚ :ÊË „Ú Ì˘ (· :„È ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (‡
:‚È Ì˘ (Ë :ÂË-„È Ì˘ (Á :ÊÈ „Ú Ì˘ (Ê :·È ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (Â
È˘ÈÓÁ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 80
,Ìi‰
¨ © ˙e‡‚a ¥ § ÏLBÓ ¥ ‰z¨ ‡à© :ÌÈn‰-Ïr
¦ ¨ © © ÌÈÈp˙ ¦ ¦ © ÈL‡¯
¥ ¨ z¯aL ¨ § © ¦ ,ÌȨ Efr· §¨ §
¥ Ÿ ¡ ¯Èra
eȉχ ¦ § ,„‡Ó Ÿ § ÏJ‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„bá̈ :ÌÁaL˙ ¥ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ © ÂÈl‚ ¨ © ‡BNa§
¦ Ÿ ¡ ¨ ‡e‰-‰z‡
Ìȉχ‰ ¨ © ÌÈ·¯k‰ ¦ ª § © ·LÈ ¥ Ÿ χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ È⧠:BL„˜-¯‰ §¨ ©
e„BÈä§ :ÂÈ·È·Ò-Ïk-Ïr
¨ ¦ § ¨ © ‡¯B ¨ § ,‰a¯ ¦Ÿ §
¨ © ÌÈL„˜-„BÒa § ı¯r ¨ £ © χ㥠:Ec·Ï ¤©§
¨Ÿ © ‰p¯
,‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨ § © § eÎϧ å :ÌÈL„˜ ¦ Ÿ § ω˜a © § ¦ E˙eÓ‡-Û‡§ ¨ ¡ © ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § E‡Ït £ § ¦ ÌÈÓL ¦© ¨
˜„¤ ˆ¤æ :BÏ rȯ © ¦ ¨ ˙B¯ÓÊa ¦ § ¦ ,‰„B˙a ¨ § ÂÈÙ ¨ ¨ ‰Óc˜ ¨ § © § :erLÈ ¥ § ¦ ¯eˆÏ§ ‰rȯ ¨ ¦¨
˜ÈzÓ¦ § © ÂcÁÈ ¨ § © ¯L ¤ ‡£ç :EÈÙ ¤ ¨ eÓc˜È § © § ˙Ӈ ¤ ¡ ¤ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ,E‡Òk ¤ § ¦ ÔBÎÓ§ ËtLÓe ¨ § ¦
˙LaÈÂ
¤ ¤ © § ,e‰Nr ¨ ¨ ‡e‰Â§ Ìi‰ ¨ © BÏ-¯L ¤ ‡£è :L‚¯a ¤ ¨ § Cl‰¥ © § Ìȉχ ¦ Ÿ ¡ ˙È·a ¥ § ,„BÒ
CϨ ‰ÓLp‰ ¨ ¨ § © :Lȇ-¯Na-Ïk ¦ © § ¨ Áe¯Â © § ,ÈÁ-Ïk ¨ ¨ LÙ ¤ ¤ B„Èa ¨ § ¯L ¤ ‡£é :e¯ˆÈ ¨ ¨ ÂȄȨ¨
‰Nr¥ £ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èë§ ,ClL ¨ ¤ Ûeb‰Â © § CI¨ ‰ÓLp‰ ¨ ¨ § © :CÏÓr ¨ ¨ £ Ïr© ‰ÒeÁ ¨ ,CÏrt
¨ ¢ ¨ Ûeb‰Â ©§
„B·k§ ¯e·ra £ © :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èë§ EÓL § ¦ Ïr© e‡˙‡ ¨ ¨ :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ ©©§
¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒÂ
Èk¦ eÂrÏ ¨ § © ¨ § ,‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § EÓL-Ôr§ ¦ © ÓÏ î© § :EÓL ¤ § ÌeÁ¯Â © § ÔepÁ-χ© ¥ Èk ì ¦ ,EÓL § ¦
:‡e‰-·¯©
.eÈ‚L
¦ ¨ ezÏe‡ Ÿ § Èk¦ ,eÈ·‡
¥ § © ¦ ·¯a ¦ ¨ eÏ-ÁÏÒ
¨ © §
¥Ÿ £ ea¯© Èk¦ ,ekÏÓ
:eÈÂr ¥ § © eI-ÏÁÓ
¨ © §
ÌÈrL¦ ¨ § ¦ e‡¨ EÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ïr¤ § ¦ © § .ÌÈÁeË· ¦ § e‡¨ ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr¤ £ © © iMð¦
CÏÓ
¤ ¤ ‡e‰ ‰z‡ ¨ © :ÌÈtˆÓ ¦ © § e‡¨ E˙reLÈÏÂ
§ ¨ ¦ § ÌÈe˜Ó
¦ © § e‡¨ EÈ˙BÁÈÏÒϤ ¦ §¦§
˙¯Bk ¥ .Âȇ¯È ¨ ¥ § ˙‡hÁ Ÿ © ¯ÈÒÓe ¦ ¥ ,Bnr© ˙BÂr Ÿ £ ¯È·rÓ ¦ £ © .Ì„wÓ ¤ ¤ ¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ·‰B ¥ ‡ñ
Ôra
© £ © z„¯iL¨ § © ¨ ¤ ‡e‰ ‰z¨ ‡ò© :ÌÈB¯Á‡Ï ¦ £ © ¨ ‰re·L ¨ § Ìi˜Óe ¥ © § ,ÌÈBL‡¯I¦ ¦ ¨ ˙ȯa ¦§
-˙BÁ¯‡Â § ¨ § .Ec·r ¤ § © ‰LÓÏ ¤ Ÿ § E·eË § Èί„¥ § © ˙ȇ¯‰Â
¨ ¥ § ¤ § ÈÈÒ © ¦ ¯‰-Ïr © © E„B·k ¤ §
ÌÈt‡¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χô¥ ‰z‡ ¨ © Èk¦ Bzr„B‰Â § © § .BÏ ˙Èlb ¨ ¦ ¦ EÈ„ÒÁ ¤¨ £
ÔÎÂ¥ § :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ ˙cÓa © ¦ § Blkª ÌÏBÚ‰ ¨ ¨ ‚ȉÓe ¦ § © .·ÈˉI ¦ ¥ § ‰a¯Óe ¤ § © „ÒÁ-·¯Â ¤ ¤ ©§
‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ÌL· ¥ § È˙‡¯˜Â¦ ¨ ¨ § EÈt-Ïr¤ ¨ © È·eË-Ïk ¦ ¨ ¯È·r‡ ¦ £ © È‡ ¦ £ ¯Ó‡i ¤ Ÿ Âö© ,·e˙k¨
:ÌÁ¯‡¥ © £ ¯L‡-˙‡
¤ £ ¤ ÈzÓÁ¯Â ¦ § © ¦ § ÔÁ‡ Ÿ ¨ ¯L‡-˙‡ ¤ £ ¤ È˙pÁ ¦ Ÿ © § ,EÈÙÏ
¤¨§
C¯„ ¤ ¤ § ,˙‡¯˜¨ ¥ § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ Ïr© ·e ©÷ ‰z‡ ¨ © ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯¤ ‡¤ô l`¥
Ÿ § ¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁÂ
ÌBi‰© ¯kÊz ¤ ¨ £ © EÈÓÁ¯
¤ £ © ˙l„b
© ª § :˙ȯB‰
¨ ¥ ‰·eLz ¨ §
‰z‡
¨ © Èk¦ ,ÌÈÓÁ¯a¦ £ © § eÈI‡
¥ ¥ ÔÙz
¤ ¥ :EÈ„È„È
¤ ¦ § Ú¯ÊÏ
© ¤ § ÌBÈ-Iηe
¨ §
,Ìc˜
¥ © § EÈt ¤ ¨ ‰JÙ˙·e
¨ ¦ § ¦ ÔeÁ˙a
£ © § :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰
¦ £ © ¨ Ïra © © ‡e‰
˙ڄ‰Î
Ì˘ (‰ :Á ËÙ ÌÈω˙ („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ËÈ ·-ÌÈÎÏÓ (‚ :· ÁÓ Ì˘ (· :È ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
‰ÈÓ¯È (Î :È ·È ·Âȇ (È :‰ ‰ˆ Ì˘ (Ë :ÂË ‰ Ì˘ (Á :ÂË ËÙ Ì˘ (Ê :·-‡ ‰ˆ Ì˘ ( :Â
Ù"Ú (Ò :ÁÈ Ë Ï‡È„ Ù"Ú ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡È ‰Î ÌÈω˙ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡Ï Ë ‰ÈÓÁ (Ï :Ê „È
:ÂË ,Ê ‰·¯ ˙ω˜ (˜ :ËÈ ‚Ï Ì˘ (ˆ :Â Ì˘ (Ù :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ ‰‡¯ (Ú :Ê ‡È ÌÈω˙
‡Ó È˘ÈÓÁ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 81
E˙¯B˙a
§ ¨ § BÓk§ ,·eL Et‡ § © ÔB¯Á£ Ó¥à :Ì„wÓ¤ ¤ ¦ ÂrÏ
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © §
¨Ÿ § „¯i
‰Â‰È ¤ ¥Ââ© ÌBÈk§ ,ÔBI˙Â
¨ § ¦ § ‰ÒÁ ¤ ¡ ¤ EÈÙk
¤ ¨ § Iˆ¥ ·e ᧠:·e˙k¨
Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙i ¥ © § ¦ Ââ© ÌBÈk§ ,ÌL‡
¨ ¨ ‰ÁÓ˙¤ § ¦ § ÚLt-Ir
© ¤ © ¯·r Ÿ £ zã© :Ôra
¨¨ ¤
‡¯˜i¨ § ¦ Ââ© ÌBÈk§ ,¯Ó‡Ó ¨ £ © epÓ¤ ·ÈL˜˙ ¦ § © § e˙rÂL
¥ ¨ § © ÔÈʇz ¦ £ © :ÌL ¨
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § ,‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ÌL¥ ·1§
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰

‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Âä©
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âå§
¨ © kæ¦ :erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨ © § ·BË È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
˜„ˆa
¤ ¤ § EÓL· § ¦ § ‡¯B˜-ÔÈ¥ ‡è¥ :Ôȇ ¦ ¨ Ì„‡a ¨ ¨ ¨ ¯LȨ ¨ § ı¯‡‰-ÔÓ
¤ ¨ ¨ ¦ „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ ca© `ç̈
eqÙ-Èk
© ¦ „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ ¯Ó‚-Èk
© ¨ ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰rÈLB ¨ ¦ ‰é :Ca¨ ˜ÈÊÁ‰I ¦ £ © § ¯¯BÚ˙Ó¥ § ¦
¦ kì¦ :¯B‡-‰‡¯
-Ìr-È ¤ § ¦ E¯B‡a
§ § ÌÈiÁ ¦ © ¯B˜Ó§ Enr-È § ¦ kë¦ :Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ÈaÓ
¥ § ¦ ÌÈeÓ‡
¦ ¡
¨ Ÿ Ÿ £ ÏkÓ
:ÂÈ˙Âr Ÿ ¦ χ¯NÈ-˙‡
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¤ ‰cÙÈ ¤ § ¦ ‡e‰Â§ :˙e„Ù§ Bnr¦ ‰a¯‰Â ¥ § © § ,„ÒÁ‰ ¨Ÿ §
¤ ¤ © ‰Â‰È
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ Ï©ð :eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr ¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mî§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èñ§ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί·¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr § © ©
¨Ÿ Èô§ :Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡ ¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ òȧ :‰IÒ ¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰
¨ ¦

‰˙‡N
¨ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡ÎÂ
¤ £ © § .EcÒÁ ¤Ÿ § ‰f‰
¤ § © Ï„‚k ¤ © Ìr‰ Ÿ £ © ‡-ÁÏ
¨ ¨ ÔÂrÏ ¨ © Òö§
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § :‰p‰-„rÂ
¨ ¥ © § ÌȯˆnÓ
¦ © § ¦ ¦ ‰f‰
¤ © ÌrÏ̈¨
¯Ó‡ÈÂ
:ÁÈ Ê ‰ÎÈÓ Ù"Ú („ :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‚ :Á ÂÏ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·È ·Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:(ÈÂÈ˘·)  „Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ë :· Ì˘ ‰ÎÈÓ (Á :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (Ê :Ë Ì˘ ( :Ê-Â Ì˘ ˙ÂÓ˘ (‰
:Á ÂÓ Ì˘ (Ò :Ë ‚ Ì˘ ( :‚È ‚˜ Ì˘ (Ó :Á-Ê Ï˜ Ì˘ (Ï :È ÂÏ Ì˘ (Î :· ·È ÌÈω˙ (È
:ËÈ „È ¯·„Ó· (ˆ :È Î Ì˘ (Ù :‚È „Ù Ì˘ (Ú
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
È˘ÈÓÁ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 82

:LxacM
¤ ¨ § ¦ iYglq
¦ § © ¨ dedi
¨Ÿ § xn`I
¤ Ÿ eà©
¯Èr‰Â ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ‰‡¯e
¦ ¨ § ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ¥ § EÈÈr¤ ¥ Á˜t© § ,ÚÓLe
¨ § Eʇ § § ¨ | ȉχ© Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰á©
ÌÈIÈtÓ
¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ir
¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ | Èk¦ ,‰ÈÏr¨ ¤ ¨ EÓL § ¦ ‡¯˜-¯L‡
¨§¦ ¤ £
,‰ÁÏÒ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr
¤ £ © © Èk¦ ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § eÈeÁz
¥ £ ©
‡¯˜
¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk
§ ¦ ¦ ,ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ErÓÏ
§ © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ
© © § © ,‰Nr ¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰
¨ ¦ § © È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © © § E¯Èr-Ïr
§ ¦ ©
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
.ÌÈÎȯˆ¦ ¦ § rLe‰Ïe© ¥ ¨ ¦ § ÌȯˆÓ ¦ ¥ § ̉L ¥ ¤ .ÌÈίBÚ ¦ § ‰pÁz ¨ ¦ § Enr § © l`xUi ¥ ¨§ ¦
EÓLÂ
§ ¦ § Ìzrb‰ ¨ § © ¦ ˙‡Ê-Ïk Ÿ ¨ .ÌÈÎȯ‡Ó ¦ ¦ £ © ÏBÚ Ì‰ÈIr ¤ ¥ £ ̉ȯˆ ¤ ¥¨
̉Óe
¤ ¥ ¯rpÓ © Ÿ ¦ ÌÈ·eÏr ¦ £ .¯ÒÓ © § ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ ·˙k‰Ï ¥ ¨ ¦ § ·B‡ÎÓe § © ÈÏÁ ¦ Ÿ :ÌÈί·Ó ¦ §¨ §
‡G§ ‰i˜p‰ ¨ ¦ § © E˙en‡k § ¨ ª § .¯ÒeÓ ¨ ÁzÙÏ
© ¥ © § E„Èa § ¨ § LB„˜¨ .¯Òe‰ © ‡G
‰kn¨ © Óe 㦠.‰ÈeËr ¨ £ ÏÈrnÎ ¦ § © BI§ ‰˜„ˆ ¨ ¨ § L·BJ ¥ ‰©â :¯Na ¨ ¨ ˙en‡Î ¨ª§
EÁΣ Ÿ aä§ .‰ÈeËn‰ ¨ § © ‰ÏÈÙpÓ ¨ ¦ § ¦ E˙„r § ¨ £ ÌÓB˜ ¥ .‰i˯¨ ¦ § Ôw˙Ó ¥ © § dÓˆr ¨ §©
.IaÁI¥ © § E˙ÏÁ § ¨ £ © ÌȯÓB‡‰ ¦ § ¨ ÌȇÓË ¦ ¥ § :‰ÈeËp‰ ¨ § © Er¯Ê·e £ Ÿ § ¦ ÏB„b‰ ¨©
.Ïa˜I¥ © § dBI‡I
© ¡ ¤ ·r˙ ¨ § ¦ ¯ˆ ¤ ¥ .Ïa‰˙‰Ï ¥ © § ¦ § I·‰·e ¤ ¤ © ¯ÈÓ‰Ï ¦ ¨ § E„B·k § §
‡OÓ
¥ © § E˙ÏÓÁ·e § ¨ § ¤ § E˙·‰‡a § ¨ £ © § :ÏaIe ¥ © § LËÏ Ÿ § ¦ ‰LB„w‰ ¨ § © E˙‡¯È § ¨ §¦ §
¨ § ‰a¨ ¯å© .Ih·z
‰Óe‰Ó ¥ © § Ì˙B·LÁÓe ¨ § § © ‰ÁÓz ¤ § ¦ ÌÈr¯‰ ¦ ¨ ¨ ˙ˆr © £ .IhÓe ¥© §
„B·k§ ÏÈ·La ¦ § ¦ :ÏËÏËÓe ¥ § © § ‰ÁBc ¤ ȯÊ·
¦ ¨ § © C‡ÏÓe ¨ § © .Ïh‰ ¥ © ̉ÈÈa ¤ ¥ ¥
ÌÈnra ¦ © ¨ Ï·Ï © § ‡ÏÙ‰ ¥ § © ˙B‡¯B ¨ .Ïl‰Ó‰ ¨ ª § © EL„˜ § § ¨ ÌL ¥ § EÓˆr § §©
¯L‡k
¤ £ © ÏÏBÚz ¥ § ̉·e ¤ ¨ .ÏÏBL ¨ CÈÏBz¦ ̉È˙ȇÂ
¤ ¥ ¨ ¥ § ̉ȈrBÈ ¤ ¥ £ .ÏJÁ˙È ¨ © §¦
¥ ¦ Ïaç© E˙Òk
Ôzz § ¨ ¥ § .‰tL‡Ó ¨ § © ¥ ÔBÈ·‡Â § ¤ § Ïc¨ ¯ÙrÓ ¨ ¨ ¥ ÌȘ¦ Ó¥æ :ÏÏBÚ˙‰ ¨ § ¦ Èa¦
-Ïk¨ Ïrè© .‰t¯Óe ¨ © § ˙Ivr˙Ó ¤ ¤ © § ¦ EÈ„ewÙa ¤ ¦ § ̇¦ .‰t¯ÁIe ¨ § ¤ § ‰ÏÎÏ ¨ ¨§
¥ ‡£é EÈÙÏ
ÈB„ ¤ ¨ § Ì˙aÁ ¨ ¨ ¦ ‰¯˙È ¨ ¥ § :‰tÁÓ ¨ © § ‡‰z ¥ § E˙aÁ § ¨ ¦ ‰ÈrLt ¨ ¤¨ §
eeÓc˜È § © § EÈÓÁ ¤ £ ¯ì© .ÌÈa ¦ ¨ Eϧ Ìȇe¯˜ ¦ § Ck© ÔÈ·e ¥ Ck© ÔÈaë¥ .ÌÈ„‡‰ ¦Ÿ £ ¨
ȈÙÁ
¥ ¥ £ :ÌÈB„Èf‰ ¦ ¥ © ÌÈn ¦ © ‰î© eeÙËLÈ § § ¦ Ì¯Ë ¤ ¤ .ÌÈBzÁ˙¦ § © § ÌÈBÈÏr ¦ § ¤ ȉG‡ ¥ ¡
LB„˜¨ .˙B‡ap‰ ¨ ¦ © ˙BÚeLȧ BÓI¨ ‰LÈÁ‰ ¨ ¦ ¨ .˙B‡a‰-Ik ¨ © ¨ Ir© E˙·¯˜ § ¨ §¦
:˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌχB ¨ £ bò ıÈn‡Â ¦ © § ˜Ê¨Áñ̈ .˙B‡ ‰·BËÏ ¨ § Ìnr ¨ ¦ ‰N ¥ r£ð
Ï-‡
:‚ ,‚Î ‰·¯ ˙ÂÓ˘ ‰‡¯ („ :ÊÈ Ë ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (‚ :ËÈ-ÁÈ Ë Ï‡È„ (· :Î „È ¯·„Ó· (‡ ‡"Â˙
ÈÏ˘Ó Ù"Ú (Ë :ÊÈ · χÂÈ Ù"Ú (Á :Á · ‡-χÂÓ˘ (Ê :‚È „È ‰È¯ÎÊ Ù"Ú ( :ÊÈ ·Ï ‰ÈÓ¯È (‰
:‰ „Θ Ì˘ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Á ËÚ ÌÈω˙ (Ï :‡ ,ÊÏ ÔÈ˘Â„È˜ Ù"Ú (Î :ÊÈ È Ìȯ·„ (È :·È È
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) „Ï  ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ú :· ÁÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ò :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÈ ÂÙ Ì˘ (
·Ó È˘ÈÓÁ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 83
ÏÁBÓ
¥ ,˙e„ÈÒÁa ¦ £ © ‚‰˙Óe¥ © § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © ‡qk ¥ ¦ Ïr© ·LB ¤ ¤ l`¥
¥ Èà CÏÓ
‰IÈÁÓ
¨ ¦ § ‰a¯Ó
¤ § © ,ÔBL‡¯¦ ÔBL‡¯¦ ¯È·r ¦ £ Ó©á ,Bnr© ˙BÂrŸ£
¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ Ìr¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ‰N ¤ ŸÚâ ,ÌÈrLBtI
¦ § © ‰ÁÈÏÒe ¨ ¦ § ÌȇËÁÏ
¦ ¨£©
LGL§ ¯ÓBÏ © el¨ ˙ȯB¨ ¥ ‰ã I‡¥ .ÏBÓ‚z § ¦ Ì˙r¯Î ¨ ¨ ¨ § ‡ÏŸ ,Áe¯Â
© §
ÂrI
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © § ,‰¯Nr ¥ § ¤ LŸÏL§ ˙ȯa ¦ § ÌBi‰© eI-¯ÎÊ ¨ ¨ § ,‰¯Nr¥§ ¤
ÌL¨ Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙iÂ
¥ © § ¦ © Ôra¨ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § „¯i ¤ ¥Âä© ·e˙kL ¨ ¤ BÓk§ ,Ì„wÓ¤¤ ¦
¨Ÿ § ÌL
:‰Â‰È ¥ ·1§ ‡¯˜i ¨ § ¦©
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰

‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Â©å
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âæ§
¨ © kç¦ :erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨Ÿ £
¨ © § ·BË È„‡

,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ Ï©é :eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mè§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èë§ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί·
¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr§ © ©
¨Ÿ îȧ :Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡
¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨Ÿ Èì§ :‰IÒ
¨ § ‰Â‰ Ÿ £ © ȉχ
¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ ¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰
¨ ¦

‰˙‡N
¨ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡ÎÂ
¤ £ © § .EcÒÁ ¤Ÿ § ‰f‰
¤ § © Ï„‚k ¤ © Ìr‰ Ÿ £ © ‡-ÁÏ
¨ ¨ ÔÂrÏ ¨ © Òð§
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § :‰p‰-„rÂ
¨ ¥ © § ÌȯˆnÓ
¦ © § ¦ ¦ ‰f‰
¤ © ÌrÏ̈¨
:LxacM
¤ ¨ § ¦ iYglq
¦ § © ¨ dedi
¨Ÿ § xn`I
¤ Ÿ eñ©
‰Ë‰
‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ‰‡¯ („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·)  ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :‡ ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ (· : ,ËÎ ‰·¯ ‡¯˜È (‡ ‡"Â˙
‚ Ì˘ (È :‚È ‚˜ Ì˘ (Ë :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (Á :Ë Ì˘ (Ê :Ê-Â Ì˘ ( :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‰ :· ,ÊÈ
:Î Ì˘ (Ò :ËÈ „È ¯·„Ó· ( :È Î Ì˘ (Ó :‚È „Ù Ì˘ (Ï :Á ÂÓ Ì˘ (Î :Ë
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
È˘ÈÓÁ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 84
¯Èr‰Â ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ‰‡¯e
¦ ¨ § ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ¥ § EÈÈr¤ ¥ Á˜t© § ,ÚÓLe
¨ § Eʇ § § ¨ | ȉχ© Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰à©
ÌÈIÈtÓ
¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ir
¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ | Èk¦ ,‰ÈÏr¨ ¤ ¨ EÓL § ¦ ‡¯˜-¯L‡
¨§¦ ¤ £
,‰ÁÏÒ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr
¤ £ © © Èk¦ ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § eÈeÁz
¥ £ ©
‡¯˜
¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk
§ ¦ ¦ ,ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ErÓÏ
§ © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ
© © § © ,‰Nr ¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰
¨ ¦ § © È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © © § E¯Èr-Ïr
§ ¦ ©

:‰z‡ ¨ ¨ eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰z¨ ‡©â .zr„B ¨ § ¨ ÏB„b¨ χ¯NÈa ¥ ¨ § ¦ § midl ¦ Ÿ `¡á
:ea¯˜·¥ § ¦ § ‰z‡ ¨ © ‡O ¨ ¦ § Ì¯ä¨ .e·¯˜ ¥ § ¨ EÈχ ¤ ¥ e‡¯˜-IÎ¥ § ¨ ¨ aã§
:e··I ¥ ¨ § ¯LBÈ·e ¤ § eÈ˙B˜„ˆ· ¥ § ¦ § ‡ŸÏå .e·BÁa ¥ § Ìb© ˙B·Bh‰© ezÏÓb ¨§ ©§
¥Ÿ £ © e‰
eÈÂra § ¦ :eÁ‡ § ¨ £ ÌÈ„·r-È ¦ ¨ £ kæ¦ eχb ¥ ¨ § .eÁpÊ § © ª Èk¦ Ìb© e„Bc ¥
ÌÈBL‡¯‰
¦ ¦ ¨ EÈ„ÒÁ ¤ ¨ £ ‰i‡ ¥ © Âè§ :‰kÁÓ ¨ © § Eϧ LÙ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ˜z © § ¦ © .‡k„-„ ¨ © rç©
¨Ÿ Èë§ .eÁk
‰Â‰ ¥ Ÿ Lz © © ‡O ¨ ¦ ÛrÊ © © :eÓ‡ ¨ ¡ ¤ ÌÏBÚ-„r¨ © § ÌÏBÚ ¨ Ó¥é .enr ¨ ¦
-Ï‡ë© ‡¨ .e¯N· ¥ ¨ § ela¦ ˙Ba¯© ˙BIÁÏÁ ¨ § © :eÁÈÎB˙ ¥ ¦ Et‡a-I‡
§ © § ©
‰i‡Â
¥ © § ϘBL ¥ ‰i¥‡ì© .¯Ùq‰Ï ¥ ¨ ¦ § Ôȇ¥ ˙B¯v‰ ¨ © Á¯BË © :e¯qÈ˙ ¥ § © § E˙ÓÁa § ¨£©
eÁ‡Â
§ © £ © ˙ÈNr ¨ ¦ ¨ ˙Ó‡-È ¤ ¡ kð¦ .erLÙ § ¨ ¨ Èk¦ erL¯ ¥ § ¦ er„ § © Èî̈ :¯ÙBÒ ¥
¯ÒeÈ
© ıÁÏ © © :Ï„Â ¨ ¨ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © Ô˘ Ÿ ¨ Èkñ¦ .ÏcÁÈ ¨ § ¤ epÓ¤ ÔB¯Á ¨ § Òrk © © :erL¯‰ § ¨ §¦
.‰a‚˙ ¤ § ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ e˙cÓ ¥ ¨ ¦ ˙Ó ¨ § :Ïaq‰ ¨ © © Ák © Ÿ ÏL © Îò̈ Èk¦ .ÏaÁÈ ¨ ª § epÓ¤ IBÚ§
‰h¥ Óö© .E˙nÈ‡Ï ¤ ¨ ª £ © ‰r¯‰ ¨ ¨ ¨ Ïr© ÌÁ ¥ © :‰a¯‰Ó ¤ § © ¥ ËrÓ © § e¯‡L-È § © § ¦ kô¦
EÈÏr-Èk
¤ ¨ ¦ e¯Ê ¥ § rø̈ .e·¨ er¨ eÈÂr-Ì ¥Ÿ £ ‡÷¦ ‰ÁIÒ ¨ ¨ § :E˙en‡ ¤ ¨ ª „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ÈtÏk ¥© §
E˙B‡§ ‰‡¯È·e
¨ § ¦ § ‰·‰‡a ¨ £ © § .„arzL‰Ï ¥ § © § ¦ § EI§ ÛBÎ et¯r ¥ § ¨ :erL §© § ¦
‰¯ˆ˜¨ ¨ § Ìzr ¨ § cù© .rBa˜Ï © § ¦ ˙BÓBˆ eLc˜ § ¦ EÈ„˜Bt ¤§ :„aÎIe
¥ © § „B·rÏ £©
BÚ‚§ ¦ Lȇ¦ LÈ‡Ï à¦ § ÏzÁ ¥ © .‡·˙ Ÿ ¨ EÈχ ¤ ¥ ÌLÁÏ ¨ £ © Ôe˜ˆú̈ :rBa˙Ï © § ¦ Ìk¯ˆ ¨ §¨
ÔBÎÓ§ ÌÈÓM‰ ¦ © ¨ © ÚÓL © § z⦠.EÈ˙BÓB‰zÓ ¤ § ¦ ̉B ¥ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ÏB˜á :B·B‡ÎÓe § ©
ÔBiˆ¦ ·È¯Ï¦ ¨ ÌÈÓelL ¦ ¦ ˙© L §ã .‰lÎz ¤ © § Û‡a © § Û„B¯ ¥ ‰„B¯ ¤ :Ez·L ¤ § ¦
:e˙˜Ê¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙rÏ ¥ § eÎÈÏLz-χ¥ ¦ § © © Âä§ .e˙B˜ ¥ § ¯rBpÓ © ¦ z„¯Â ¨ § © § z¯L ¨ § © :‰l‚z ¤© §
:e·Êrz-χ
¥ § © © © eÁk ¥ Ÿ ˙BÏΧ kä¦ .e·¯˜˙ ¥ § ¨ § EÈÓÈ § ¦ ¦ χÓNÏ Ÿ § ¦ eÈrz ¦ ¨
ËÈ·˙
:Ê „ Ìȯ·„ Ù"Ú („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ê „Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È (‚ :· ÂÚ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (· :ËÈ-ÁÈ Ë Ï‡È„ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:‚ ˆ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (Á :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë Ë ‡¯ÊÚ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‰ Ë Ìȯ·„ ( :ÂË Ê ‰ÈÚ˘È (‰
„È ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ó :· ,ÂË ‰‚È‚Á Ù"Ú (Ï :· Â Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Î :· ˆ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (È : ËÙ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Ë
:· ·Ó ‰ÈÓ¯È Ù"Ú (Ù :„ „ ‰ÈÓÁ (Ú :· Ê ÒÂÓÚ Ù"Ú (Ò :‚Ï Ë ‰ÈÓÁ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Î
‡ ,‡˜ Ôȯ„‰Ò (˘ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) È „È ·-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ (¯ :Ê „È ‰ÈÓ¯È (˜ :‡ ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ (ˆ
:·Î ÊÎ ˙È˘‡¯· (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ËÎ Â ·-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ (‡ :ÊË ÂÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (˙ :È"˘¯·Â
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë ‡Ú ÌÈω˙ (‰ :Á „Ï ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú („ :ËÏ Á ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ (‚
‚Ó È˘ÈÓÁ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 85
LaÏ˙z
¥ © § ¦ E˙BÈÁa
¤ ¦ £ © ¯f‡˙z
¨ © § ¦ .EÈÓeÁ¯Ï
¤ § ¦ ÁÈbL˙Â
© ¦ § © § ıȈ˙Â
¦ ¨ § ËÈaz
¦ ©
Ÿ ¨ § .E˙e„ÈÒÁa
‡·˙Â ¤ ¦ £ © Ûhr˙˙Â
¥ © § ¦ § EÈÓÁ¯a
¤ £ © § ‰qk˙z
¤ © § ¦ .EÈ˙B˜„ˆa
¤ §¦ §
:E˙e˙ÂrÂ
¤ ¨ § § © § E·eË
§ ˙cÓ© ¦ EÈÙÏ
¤¨§

ÚLÈ© ¤ ÔÈÓÈa
¦ ¦ .ÔBÈÏr § ¤ ¯˙Òa ¤ ¥ § ·LB ¥ Èá ÈzÁϦ § © Òà̈ EpÓinWi¥ ¦ § ©
EÈχ ¥ § © a㧠.ÔBÈ·‡Â
¤ ¥ ereL § ¤ § Èr-̦ ¨ r©â .ÚLe‰I © ¨¦ §
:eϨ ¯ÊBÚ-‰È‰
¥ ¥ ¡ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èå§ .erz¥ £ © ˜„ˆa ¤ ¤ § ˙B‡¯B¨ ä
ÈÁÈN
¦ ¦ CBtL‡ § ¤ ÈÁB‚ ¦ ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .‡OÂ ¨ ¦ § ¯Bab-Ïr
¦ © È˙¯Êr ¦ ¨ § ¤ È˙Èe
¦ ¦L¦æ
Ÿ £ .‰Nr
‡Ï‰ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ¯„Òk ¤ ¥ § Èzek¦ § © ¦ È˙¦ c¨ Óè¦ .‡OÈ ¨ ¦ Èt © ‡ç
© ¨ ÈÏe
¤ § § ¦ ¯BÎʨ „BÚë ¯È˜¦ ¯˜¯˜
.ep¯kÊz ¥ § © Óé§ ¯ÈwÈ ¦©
:eϨ ¯ÊBÚ-‰È‰
¥ ¨Ÿ §
¥ ¡ ‰Â‰È

Eϧ E˙BÈ
§ ¨ E˙Èr § ¨ § ¯ì© .‰hM‰ ¨ ¦ © ÛÈÏÁ‰Ï
¦ £ © § ÏbÏb‰
© § © © Ï‚Î Ÿ §
© § ‡·a
.‰Ë¯Áa
¨ ¨ £ © ÁBzÙI
© § ¦ ‰LÈb‰ ¨ ¦ ¦ dLÙ¨ § © ˙e©‡a©ð § .‰ËÈa ¨ ¦ ‰î© ‰BÙ
¨
.eÈtˆ
¦ ¦ e˙itˆ ¥ ¨ ¦ ¦ añ§ .‰hÓJÓ
¨ © § ¦ ‰ËeLt
¨ § ÔÈÓÈ ¦§
:eϨ ¯ÊBÚ-‰È‰
¥ ¨Ÿ §
¥ ¡ ‰Â‰È

¯ˆa‰
¥ ¨ ¦ ¯ˆÈ¤ ¤ ˙BcÓ¦ .¯Ó‡˙ © Ÿ È‰¦ § ¦ „Òe‰a
¥ ¨ ¦ § „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ χBL
¥
.¯ÓLÓÏ
¨ § ¦ § ÏËe‰© ,¯‡eÒ
¨ © BÓk§ ¯‡eˆÏe ¨ © § .¯ÓÒn·k
¨ § © © § re·˜
© ¨
.ep¯eÚÈ ¨ § ‡ò© ÈÓe
¤ § Èk¦ ¯ÊÎ ¦ .¯ÊI ¨ § ¯Ê¥ ¯Ê‡© ¨ ÈÓe¦
:eϨ ¯ÊBÚ-‰È‰
¥ ¨Ÿ §
¥ ¡ ‰Â‰È

,È‚Èv‰Ï
¦ ¦ © § ,È‚È‚‰
¦ ¦ £ ‰È«¨ aø¦ .ÏrnÓ
© © ¦ dBÏ© ‡¡÷ ,˙Ïc ¤ ¤ Á˙© tö§ ˙Ïv· £ô ©
¤ ¤ © ÁÏ
.Ïr˙‰
© § © ¯BÊÓe ¨ ȯˆ ¦ ¢ ,eÓc˜
¥ § © ,eÓÁ¯ ¥ £ © .Ïrp‰
© § ¦ © ¯rL© © CB˙a§
.epȇ Ÿ ¨ Lw·
¤ ¥ § ÔÂr © ª Èù§ .ȘÈcˆ‰Ï
¦ ¦ § © § ÈkÁ
¦ ¦ ¯¯a ¥¨
:eϨ ¯ÊBÚ-‰È‰
¥ ¨Ÿ §
¥ ¡ ‰Â‰È
˙ÂÈ
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ÁÎ ÌÈω˙ („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·È ‚ ‰ÈÙˆ (‚ :‡ ‡ˆ ÌÈω˙ (· :Î „È ¯·„Ó· (‡ ‡"Â˙
˘‡¯ ‰‡¯ (Ë :Î ·Ï ˙È˘‡¯· Ù"Ú (Á :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Î ËÙ Ì˘ (Ê :‡È Ï Ì˘ ( : ‰Ò Ì˘ (‰
ÌÈω˙ (Ó :· ‰ ÌÈ¯È˘‰ ¯È˘ Ù"Ú (Ï :ËÈ ‡Ï ‰ÈÓ¯È Ù"Ú (Î :‰ ·Î ‰ÈÚ˘È (È :· ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰
:‡ · ÌÈ¯È˘‰ ¯È˘ Ù"Ú (Ù :· ‡Ó ·Âȇ (Ú :ÊÈ „ ‰Îȇ (Ò :„Î · ‰ÈÓ¯È Ù"Ú ( :„ ‚È
:Î  ‰ÈÓ¯È Ù"Ú (˘ :· ‰ ÌÈω˙ (¯ :„ ‚ ·Âȇ (˜ :‚ ,‰ ‰·¯ ÌÈ¯È˘‰ ¯È˘ ‰‡¯ (ˆ
È˘ÈÓÁ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 86
˜cˈ‰a
¨ © § ¦ § ˜„ˆ
¤ ¤ ˙B‡ .rÈb˙
© ¦ © ‰ÙȤ ¨ ˜ÏÁ
¤ ¥ ÌÏMÓ
¥ ¨ ¦ Ìχ
¤ ¥ ˙B© Èà
eÊa§ ÔB„‡¨ d¯¯ÁLÏ
¨ § § © § ˙r¥ ‡¯˜˙¨ § ¦ Eϧ .drÈLB‰Ï
¨ ¦ § E˙‡¯Èa
§ ¨ §¦ §
.eÈc
¥ ¦ ‡ÈˆBz
¦ ¯B‡k¨ .˜z¯pÓ
¥ § © ¦ ˜Èz¦ ˜ÈzÂ
¥ © .‰rM‰
¨¨ ©
:eϨ ¯ÊBÚ-‰È‰
¥ ¨Ÿ Èá§
¥ ¡ ‰Â‰
,z˜Á
¨ § © ˜Á Ÿ z˜fÁ
¨ § © ¦ .¯·„
¨ ¨ ÈÁÏBL
¦§ ·ÈL‡Â
¦ ¨ § ,ÈÁÏLÓa
¦ ¨ § ¦ § ÈÁÈψz
¦ ¦ § ©
ÈzÁlL
¦ § © ª ,̘ȯ
¨ ¥ ‡Ï Ÿ § ̘ÈÊÁÓ
¨ ¦ £ © .¯a„Ók
¨ ª § ¦ LBÏL ¨ § ¯N ¤ r¤â
¥ £ © § ·eLzä̈ ‰zr
.eÓÁ¯z ¥ ÔŸ rã̈ ‰Nr˙
¨ © .‡NB ¤ £ © ‰Î Ÿ § .¯ab˙‰Ï
¨© § ¦ §
:eϨ ¯ÊBÚ-‰È‰
¥ ¨Ÿ §
¥ ¡ ‰Â‰È
.ÚLe‰Ï
© ¨ ¦ § ÚLÈ
© ¤ ÔÈÓÈa¦ ¦ .ÔBÈÏr § ¤ ¯˙Òa ¤ ¥ § ·LB ¥ Èæ ÈzÁÏ
¦ § © Ò¨å erÈÓLÈ
¥ ¦ § ©
.erz
¥ £ © ˜„ˆa¤ ¤ § ˙B‡¯B¨ é EÈχ ¤ ¥ ereL ¥ § © aè§ .ÔBÈ·‡Â ¦ ¨ r©ç
§ ¤ § Èr-Ì
:eϨ ¯ÊBÚ-‰È‰
¥ ¥ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ §
ÏÁBÓ
¥ ,˙e„ÈÒÁa ¦ £ © ‚‰˙Óe¥ © § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © ‡qk ¥ ¦ Ïr© ·LB ¥ Èë CÏÓ¤ ¤ l`¥
‰IÈÁÓ
¨ ¦ § ‰a¯Ó ¤ § © ,ÔBL‡¯¦ ÔBL‡¯¦ ¯È·r ¦ £ Ó©ì ,Bnr© ˙BÂr Ÿ£
¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ Ìr¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ‰N ¤ ŸÚî ,ÌÈrLBtI¦ § © ‰ÁÈÏÒe ¨ ¦ § ÌȇËÁÏ ¦ ¨£©
LGL§ ¯ÓBÏ © el¨ ˙ȯB¨ ¥ ‰ð I‡¥ .ÏBÓ‚z § ¦ Ì˙r¯Î ¨ ¨ ¨ § ‡Ï Ÿ ,Áe¯Â© §
ÂrI
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © § ,‰¯Nr ¥ § ¤ LŸÏL§ ˙ȯa ¦ § ÌBi‰© eI-¯ÎÊ ¨ ¨ § ,‰¯Nr ¥§ ¤
ÌL¨ Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙i ¥ © § ¦ © Ôra¨ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § „¯i ¤ ¥Âñ© ·e˙kL ¨ ¤ BÓk§ ,Ì„wÓ ¤¤ ¦
¨Ÿ § ÌL
:‰Â‰È ¥ ·1§ ‡¯˜i ¨ § ¦©
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰
‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Âò©
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡
¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi
¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ Ÿ ¨ ‡N
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂr ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ
¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
˙ÁÏÒÂ
:ËÈ Ê ‰ÎÈÓ (‰ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ê Ì˘ („ :Ê- „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ ‰‡¯ (‚ :‡È Ï Ì˘ (· :‡ Â ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ÁÎ ÌÈω˙ (Ë :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·È ‚ ‰ÈÙˆ (Á :‡ ‡ˆ ÌÈω˙ (Ê :Î „È ¯·„Ó· (Â
‰‡¯ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·)  ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (Ó :‡ ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ (Ï : ,ËÎ ‰·¯ ‡¯˜È (Î : ‰Ò Ì˘ (È
:Ê-Â Ì˘ (Ú :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ò :· ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
„Ó È˘ÈÓÁ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 87
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¨ § © ¨ Âà§
‰z‡-Ȩ © kᦠ:erL § ¨ Ù1̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á1̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq © §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨ © § ·BË È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ Ï©ã :eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr ¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mâ§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ äȧ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί· ¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr § © ©
‰Â‰¨Ÿ Èæ§ :Ca¨ ÁËa © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡ ¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èå§ :‰IÒ ¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ȉχ ¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰ ¨ ¦
eBl„© Èk¦ ,EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © eeÓc˜È § © § ¯‰Ó ¥ © ,ÌÈBL‡¯ ¦ ¦ ˙BÂr Ÿ £ eÏ-¯kÊz ¨ ¨ § ¦ -l`ç©
-eÏ-¯ÎÊ
¨ ¨ § EcÒÁk § § © § ¯kÊz-I‡ Ÿ § ¦ © eÈrLÙe ¥ ¨ § | eȯeÚ ¥ § ˙‡h Ÿ Áè© :„‡Ó Ÿ §
:‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § E·eË § ÔrÓÏ© © § ,‰z‡ ¨ ©
,Enr ¤ © ÔBˆ¯a § ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § e¯Î ¥ § Êë̈ :‰n‰ ¨ ¥ ÌÏBÚÓ ¨ ¥ Èk¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁ ¤ ¨ £ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © xk Ÿ fé§
Ë·L ¤ ¥ zχb ¨ § © ¨ Ì„w ¤ ¤ ,˙È˜ ¨ ¦ ¨ | E˙„r § ¨ £ ¯Î Ÿ Êì§ :E˙reLÈa ¤¨ ¦ e„˜t ¥§¨
˙·‰‡ © £ © ,ÌÏLe¯È¦¨ ¨ § ˙aÁ © ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯BÎʧ :Ba zÎL ¨ § © ¨ | ‰Ê¤ ÔBiˆ-¯‰ ¦ © ,E˙ÏÁ ¤¨ £©
‡·-Èk
¨ ¦ dÁI ¨ § ¤ § ˙r-Èk ¥ ¦ ,ÔBiˆ¦ ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ìe˜˙¨ ‰z¨ ‡©ð :ÁˆÏ © ¤ ¨ ÁkLz-Ï © § ¦ ‡î© ÔBiˆ¦
e¯r¨ | e¯r¨ ÌȯӇ‰ ¦ § Ÿ ¨ ,ÌILe¯È ¦¨ ¨ § ÌBÈ ˙‡¥ ,ÌB„‡¡ È·Ï ¥ § ¦ | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯Î Ÿ Êñ§ :„rBÓ ¥
zraL
¨ § © § ¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ EÈ„·r ¤ ¨ £ χ¯NÈÏe ¥ ¨ § ¦ § ˜ÁˆÈÏ ¨ § ¦ § ̉¯·‡I ¨ ¨ § © § ¯Î Ÿ òʧ :da¨ „BÒȉ § © „r©
,ÌÈÓM‰
¦ ¨ ¨ © È·ÎBÎk ¥ § § ÌÎr¯Ê-˙‡ ¤ £ § © ¤ ‰a¯‡ ¤ § © ̉I‡ ¤ ¥ £ ¯a„z ¥ © § © Ca¨ ̉Ï̈ ¤
¯ÎŸ Êô§ :ÌÏÚϨ Ÿ § eÏÁ £ ¨ § ÌÎr¯ÊÏ ¤ £ § © § Ôz‡ ¥ ¤ Èz¯Ó‡ ¦ § © ¨ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ˙‡f‰ Ÿ © ı¯‡‰-ÏΠ¤¨ ¨ ¨§
‰f‰¤ © Ìr‰ ¨ ¨ ÈL˜-I‡ ¦ § ¤ ÔÙz-I‡ ¤ ¥ © ,·˜rÈÏe Ÿ £ © § ˜ÁˆÈÏ ¨ § ¦ § ̉¯·‡I ¨ ¨ § © § EÈ„·rI ¤ ¨ £©
eχB
§ © ¯L‡ ¤ £ ,˙‡hÁ ¨ © eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ˙L˙ ¥ ¨ ‡-Ï ¨ ‡ö© :B˙‡hÁ-χ ¨ © ¤ § BÚL¯-I‡Â § ¦ ¤§
:e¯ˆBÈ ¥ § eÏ-ÁÏÒ ¨ © § e¯eˆ ¥ e‡ËÁ ¨ ¨ :e‡ËÁ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡Â ¤ £©
ۇ© § ·B˜rÈ £ © È˙ȯa-˙‡
¦ ¦ § ¤ Èz¯ÎÊ ¦ § © ¨Â÷§ ,z¯Ó‡
¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ˙B·‡¨ ˙ȯa ¦ § eϨ xFkf§
Ÿ § ¤ ı¯‡‰Â
:¯kʇ ¤ ¨ ¨ § ¯kʇ Ÿ § ¤ ̉¯·‡ ¨ ¨ § © È˙ȯa-˙‡ ¦ ¦ § ¤ ۇ © § ˜ÁˆÈ ¨ § ¦ È˙ȯa-˙‡ ¦ ¦§ ¤
˙ȯa ¦ § Ì‰Ï ¤ ¨ Èz¯ÎÊ ¦ § © ¨Âø§ ,z¯Ó‡ ¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ÌÈBL‡¯ ¦ ¦ ˙ȯa ¦ § eI¨ ¯BÎʧ
˙BÈ‰Ï § ¦ ÌÈBb‰
¦ © ÈÈrÏ ¥ ¥ § ,ÌȯˆÓ ¦ © § ¦ ı¯‡Ó ¤ ¤ ¥ Ì˙‡-È˙‡ˆB‰ ¨Ÿ ¦ ¥ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ,ÌÈL‡¯ ¦Ÿ ¦
Ÿ © © ù§ ,ezÁË·‰L
˙‡Ê-Ìb-Û‡ ¨ § © § ¦ ¤ BÓk§ enr ¨ ¦ ‰Nr ¥ £ :‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È‡ ¦ £ ÌÈ‰Ï‡Ï ¦ Ÿ ¥ Ì‰Ï ¤¨
¯Ù‰Ï
¥ ¨ § Ì˙lÎÏ ¨ Ÿ © § ÌÈzÏr‚-‡Ï ¦ § © § Ÿ § ÌÈzÒ‡Ó-‡G ¦ § © § ̉Ȥ ·È‡¥ §Ÿ ı¯‡a ¤ ¤ § Ì˙Bȉa ¨ § ¦
È˙ȯ·
„Ù Ì˘ ( :Á ÂÓ Ì˘ (‰ :Ë ‚ Ì˘ („ :‚È ‚˜ Ì˘ (‚ :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (· :Ë „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) „ ˜ Ì˘ (Î :Â Ì˘ (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ê ‰Î Ì˘ (Ë :Á ËÚ Ì˘ (Á :È Î Ì˘ (Ê :‚È
:ÊÎ Ë Ìȯ·„ (Ù :‚È ·Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ú :Ê ÊϘ Ì˘ (Ò :„È ·˜ Ì˘ ( :ËÈ Ì˘ (Ó :· „Ú Ì˘ (Ï
:„Ó Ì˘ (˘ :‰Ó Ì˘ (¯ :·Ó ÂÎ ‡¯˜È (˜ :‡È ·È ¯·„Ó· (ˆ
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (1 ˙‚‰‰
È˘ÈÓÁ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 88
‰Ók ¨ § eÓÁ¯Â
¥ £ © § e˙e·L ¥ § ·L‰ ¥ ¨ :̉ȉχ ¤ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È‡ ¦ £ Èk¦ ,Ìz‡ ¨ ¦ È˙ȯa ¦ ¦§
Eˆa˜Â
§ ¤ ¦ § ·L ¨ § ,EÓÁ¯Â ¤ £ ¦ § E˙e·L-˙‡ § § ¤ EȉG‡ ¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ·L ¨ ৠ,·e˙kL ¨¤
‰Ók ¨ § eÈÁc ¥ ¨ ¦ ıa˜ ¥ © :‰nL ¨ ¨ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EˆÈÙ‰ § ¦ ¡ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ÌÈnr‰-ÏkÓ ¦ ©¨ ¨ ¦
EȉG‡¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Eˆa˜È § ¤ © § ÌMÓ ¨ ¦ ,ÌÈÓM‰ ¦ ¨ ¨ © ‰ˆ˜a ¥ § ¦ EÁc £ © ¦ ‰È‰È-Ì ¤ § ¦ ‡á¦ ,·e˙kL ¨¤
¦ ¦ Óâ̈ ,·e˙kL
È˙ÈÁ ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § ÔrΠ¨ ¨ ¤ § ·rk ¨ ¨ eÈrLÙ ¥ ¨ § ‰ÁÓ ¥ § :EÁwÈ ¤ ¨ ¦ ÌMÓe ¨ ¦
‰ÁÓ¥ § :EÈzχ‚ ¦ § © § Èk¦ ÈI‡ © ¥ ‰·eL ¨ ¤ Ÿ © ÔrÎÂ
,EÈ˙‡hÁ ¨ ¨ ¤ § EÈrLt ¤ ¨ § ·rÎ̈ ¨
EÈrLÙ¤ ¨ § ‰ÁÓ ¤ Ÿ ‡e‰ ÈÎ‡ ¦ Ÿ ¨ ÈÎ ¦ Ÿ ‡ã̈ ,z¯Ó‡ ¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ErÓI § © © § eÈrLÙ ¥¨ §
‰Ók ¨ § ¯ÓvΠ¤ ¤ © § ‚ÏMk ¤ ¤ © eȇËÁ ¥ ¨ £ Ôaω ¥ § © :¯kʇ Ÿ § ¤ ‡G EÈ˙‡hÁ ¤ Ÿ © § ÈrÓI ¦£ © §
ÌÈMk¦ ¨ © ÌÎȇËÁ ¤ ¥ ¨ £ eȉÈ-̇ § ¦ ¦ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯Ó‡È © Ÿ ‰ÁÎe ¨ § ¨ ¦ § ‡-eÎ ¨ ϧä ,·e˙kL ¨¤
ÌÈÓ
¦ © eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ˜B¯Ê§ :eÈ‰È § ¦ ¯Óvk ¤ ¤ © ÚÏBzÎ ¨ © eÓÈc‡È-̇ ¦ § © ¦ ,eÈaÏÈ ¦ § © ‚ÏMk¤ ¤ ©
ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © ÌÎÈÏr ¤ ¥ £ Èz˜¯Ê ¦ § © ¨Âå§ ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § e¯‰Ë ¥ £ © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ §
eÈÏr¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ © :ÌÎ˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ¯‰Ë‡ ¥ © £ ÌÎÈIelb-ÏkÓe
¤ ¥ ¦ ¨ ¦ ÌÎÈ˙‡ÓË ¤ ¥ Ÿ § ª ÏkÓ Ÿ ¦ ,Ìz¯‰Ëe ¤ §© §
Et¯È
§ § © ‡Ï Ÿ EȉG‡ ¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ Èkæ¦ ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § e˙ÈÁLz ¥ ¦ § © χ ©§
ÏBÓ :Ì‰Ï ¤ ¨ ÚaL © § ¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ EÈ˙·‡ ¤ Ÿ £ ˙ȯa-˙‡ ¦ § ¤ ÁkLÈ © § ¦ ‡G§ ,E˙ÈÁLÈ ¤ ¦ § © ‡Ï Ÿ §
Eȉχ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏÓ¨ eç ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § EÓL-˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ‰·‰‡Ï ¨ £ © § e··Ï-˙‡ ¥¨§ ¤
E··Ï-ÏÎa
§ ¨ § ¨ § Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ¤ ‰·‰‡Ï ¨ £ © § ,Er¯Ê ¤ § © ··I-˙‡Â ©§ ¤ § E··I-˙‡§ ¨§ ¤
,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § e˙Lw·a ¥ ¨ ¨ © § eϨ ‡ˆn‰ ¥ ¨ ¦ :EÈiÁ ¤ © ÔrÓÏ © © § ELÙ-Ïηe § §© ¨ §
E··Ï-IÎa
§ ¨ § ¨ § epL¯„˙ ¤ § § ¦ Èk¦ ,˙‡ˆÓe ¨ ¨ ¨ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ¤ ÌMÓ ¨ ¦ ÌzLw· ¤ § © ¦ èe
‰Ók ¨ § E˙JÙz¤ ¨ ¦ § ˙È·a ¥ § eÁnN ¥ § © § EL„˜ ¤ § ¨ ¯‰-χ © ¤ e‡È·z ¥ ¦ § :ELÙ-Iηe ¤ §© ¨ §
,È˙lÙz
¦ ¨ ¦ § ˙È·a ¥ § ÌÈzÁnN ¦ § © ¦ § ÈL„˜ ¦ § ¨ ¯‰-χ © ¤ ÌÈ˙B‡È·‰ ¦ ¦ £ Âé© ,·e˙kL ¨¤
‡¯wÈ¥ ¨ ¦ ‰lÙz-˙Èa
¨ ¦ § ¥ È˙È· ¦ ¥ Èk¦ ,ÈÁaÊÓ-Ïr ¦ § § ¦ © ÔBˆ¯Ï ¨ § ̉ÈÁ·Ê ¤ ¥ § ¦ § ̉È˙ÏBÚ ¤ ¥Ÿ
:ÌÈnr‰-ÏÎÏ
¦ © ¨ ¨§
:ÏÏη „Ú ‡Ï Â·ÊÚ˙ χ „Ú ,ω˜Â ÔÊÁ ,˜ÂÒÙ ¯Á‡ ˜ÂÒÙ ÌȯÓ‡ Ô¯‡‰ ÔÈÁ˙ÂÙ

Ïa˜Â
¥ © § eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯Â ¥ © § ÒeÁ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eÏB˜
¥ ÚÓL
© §
:e˙lÙz-˙‡
¥ ¨ ¦ § ¤ ÔBˆ¯·e ¨ § ÌÈÓÁ¯a ¦ £ ©§
:Ì„˜k
¤ ¤ § eÈÓÈ
¥ ¨ LcÁ ¥ © ‰·eLÂ
¨ ¨ § EÈχ ¤ ¥ | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § e·ÈL
¥ ¦ ‰£ë
:epnÓ
¤ ¦ Áwz-χ
© ¦ © EL„˜ § § ¨ Áe¯Â
© § EÈÙlÓ ¥ ¦ § © ‡©ì
¤ ¨ § ¦ eÎÈÏLz-Ï
:e·Êrz-χ
¥ § © © © eÁk ¥ Ÿ ˙BÏÎk § ¦ ‰˜Ê
¨ § ¦ ˙rÏ ¥ ¦ § © ‡î©
¥ § eÎÈÏLz-Ï
χ
ÂÏ Ï‡˜ÊÁÈ ( :ÁÈ ‡ Ì˘ (‰ :‰Î ‚Ó Ì˘ („ :·Î „Ó ‰ÈÚ˘È (‚ :„ Ì˘ (· :‚ Ï Ìȯ·„ (‡ ‡"Â˙
ÌÈω˙ (Ï :‡Î ‰ ‰Îȇ (Î :Ê Â ‰ÈÚ˘È (È :ËÎ „ Ì˘ (Ë :Â Ï Ì˘ (Á :‡Ï „ Ìȯ·„ (Ê :‰Î
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë ‡Ú Ì˘ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚È ‡
‰Ó È˘ÈÓÁ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 89
‰·BËÏ
¨ § ˙B‡ enr-‰N ¨ ¦ ¥ r£á :epnÓ ¤ ¦ ˜Á¯z-χ
© § ¦ © ,eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § e·Êrz-Ï
¥ § © © ‡à©
â̈ £ :ezÓÁÂ
eȯ¥Ó‡ ¨ § © ¦ § ez¯Êr
¨ § © £ ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ‰z‡-Èk ¨ © ¦ eL·È Ÿ ¥ § eȇN
¥ §Ÿ e‡¯È§¦ §
,EÈÙÏ
¤ ¨ § eaÏ
¥ ¦ ÔBÈ‚‰Â
§ ¤ § eÈÙ-ȯӇ
¦ ¥ § ¦ | ÔBˆ¯Ï ¨ § eȉ§ È㦠:e‚È‚‰
¥ ¦ £ ‰Èa ¨Ÿ § | ‰Èʇ‰
¨ ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨ ¦£ ©
:eȉG‡
¥ ¡ È„‡¨Ÿ £ ‰r˙¤ £ © ‰z‡¨ © ,eÏÁB‰
§ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EÏ-È § kä¦ :eI‡B‚Â
¥ £ § e¯eˆ ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ §
:Ô¯‡‰ Ôȯ‚ÂÒ
© © § ¦ © Âæ§ ,e˙lÙz
Ìlr˙z-χ ¥ ¨ ¦ § EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ‡B·zå̈ ,eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¥ Epidl` ¥Ÿ ¡
EÈÙI
¤ ¨ § ¯ÓBÏ
© ,Û¯Ú¤Ÿ ÈL è§ ÌÈÙ
¥ ˜e ¦ ¨ Èf¥rç© e‡¨ ÔȇL
¥ ¤ ,e˙pÁzÓ
¥¨¦ § ¦
§ © £ Ï·¨ ‡£é ,e‡ËÁ
eÁ‡ ¨ ¨ ‡ÏŸ § eÁ‡§ © £ ÌȘÈcˆ¦ ¦ © ,eÈ˙B·‡
¥ £ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È
¨Ÿ §
:e‡Ë¨ Á1̈ eÈ˙B·‡Â
¥ £©
.e„ʧ © .erL¯ ì¦ § .eÈÂr
§ © § ‰Â ¦ ¡ ‰¤ë .ÈÙc ¦ Ÿ e¯ac§ © ¦ .eÏÊb
§ © ¨ .e„‚a§ © ¨ .EpnW § © `2̈
.eˆI
§ © .e·fk§ © ¦ .Ú¯¨ eˆrÈ § © ¨ .¯˜L ¤ ¤ eÏÙ§ © Ëî̈ .eÒÓÁ§ © ¨
.Û¯Ú¤Ÿ eÈM˜ ¦ ¦ .e¯¯ˆ § © ¨ .erLt§ © ¨ .eÈÂr¦ ¨ .e¯¯Ò§ © ¨ .eˆ‡
§ © ¦ .e„¯Ó̈
§©
:erzrz
§ ¨ § ¦ .eÈrz ¦ ¨ .e·rz§ © ¦ .e˙ÁL § © ¦ .erL¯ §© ¨
Ïr© ˜Ècˆ¦ © ‰z‡ ¨ ¨ Ÿ Âñ§ ÌÈ·Bh‰
¨ © ò§ :eϨ ‰ÂL-‡Ï ¦ © EÈËtLn¤ ¨ § ¦ Óe ¤ Ÿ § ¦ ¦ Epx§ q
ð¦ EÈ˙ˆnÓ ©1
:erL¯§ ¨ § ‰1¦ eÁ‡Â
§ © £ © ˙ÈNr
¨ ¦ ¨ ˙Ó‡-Èk ¤ ¡ ¦ ,eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ‡a‰-Ïk ¨© ¨
eaÏ¥ ¦ ‰Â¨cö¨ .NBNÓ¨ epnÓ ¤ ¦ ‰Ï¨ bô̈ .¯Bc-ÏkÓ ¨ ¦ eLa § Ÿ .Ìr-ÏkÓ ¨ ¨ ¦ EpnW` § © ¨
.eLc˜Ó ˙Èa Ïe·Ê÷ .e¯‡t Ú¯Ù .eÈee‡ ÏaÁ‰ .eȇËÁa
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¥ § ¥ ¥ § © § ¦ § ¥ ¦ © § ª ¥ ¨ £ ©
eÁk¥ Ÿ .ÌȯÊÏ ¦ ¨ § e˙Ó„‡ ¥ ¨ § © ÈÙBÈ ¦ .‰nLÏ ¨ © § ‰˙ȉ ¨ § ¨ e˙¯È ¥ ¨ Ëø¦ .eÈÂra ¥Ÿ £ © ·¯Á ©¨
:ÌȯÎÏ ¦ § ¨§
¯ÓBÏ© ,et¯r ¥ § ¨ ‰L˜ ¤ § © § eÈt ¥ ¨ ÊÈr ¦ ¨ Cȉ¥ .e˙eÚhÓ ¥ ¨ ¦ e·L § © ‡Ï Ÿ oicÓe
¦ ©£©
Ÿ
‡Ï eÁ‡ ÌȘÈcˆ ,eÈ˙B·‡ ȉχ eȉχ ‰Â‰È EÈÙÏ
§ § © £ ¦ ¦ © ¥ £ ¥ Ÿ ¥ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ¨Ÿ § ¤ ¨ §
:e‡Ë¨ Á1̈ eÈ˙B·‡Â ¥ £ © eÁ‡ § © £ Ï·¨ ‡£é ,e‡ËÁ ¨¨
.eÈÏr ¥ ¨ Ìlr ¨ ª e˙ § ¨ .epnÓ ¤ ¦ ˯BÓÓe ¨ § CMÓ ¨ ª Óù§ .eÏÓr ¥ ¨ £ e˜Lr § ¨ EpipiÓl ¥ ¥§
.Ì„iÓ ¨ ¨ ¦ Ôȇ¥ ˜¯t ú¥Ÿ .e·¨ eÏLÓ § ¨ ÌÈ„· ¦ ¨ r£ú .eÓÎL ¥ § ¦ Ir© eÏ·Ò § ©¨
˙¯ˆ
ÂË ËÈ Ì˘ („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ‰ Ì˘ (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÈ ÂÙ Ì˘ (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·Î ÁÏ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
Ù"Ú (Á :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ‰ Ì˘ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚ ÁÙ Ì˘ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊË ÁÏ Ì˘ (‰ :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
Ì˘ (Ï : ˜ ÌÈω˙ (Î :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ,ÊÙ ‡ÓÂÈ (È :Ë „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (Ë : ÁÎ Ìȯ·„
Ë ‰ÈÓÁ (Ú :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÎ ‚Ï ·Âȇ (Ò :ËÏ Ì˘ Ù"Ú ( :ËÒ ËȘ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (¯ :‚È Á ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ Ù"Ú (˜ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÈ ‰ ‰Îȇ (ˆ :‡È „Î ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ù :‚Ï
:Á Ì˘ ‰Îȇ (˙ :Ê ÁÈ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (˘ :ÂÎ ËÒ
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ (1 ˙‚‰‰
ÈÙÏ ÌÈÏÓ‰ ¯‡˘· ÔΠ,(Ê ÛÈÚÒ Ê¯˙ ÔÓÈÒ Ê"‰„‡ Ú"¢ ‰‡¯) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ËÚÓ ‰Á˘È (2
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó) ·-‡‰ ¯„Ò
È˘ÈÓÁ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 90
¥Ÿ £ © epnÓ
.eÈÂra ¤ ¦ z˜Á¯ ¨ § © ¨ .eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Ee‡¯˜ ¨ § .ee··Ò ¨ § ˙Ba¯© ˙B¯ˆ¨
:e„·‡Â
§ ¨ ¨ § eÈrz ¦ ¨ .EȯÁ‡Ó ¤ £ © ¥ e·§ L ©à
ew ¥ © :Èw¦ ¥ © ˙B¯zÒpÓ ¨ § ¦ ¦ ,ÔÈ·È-ÈÓ ¦ ¨ ¦ ˙B‡È‚¦ L ᧠,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ¯Ó‡ © ¨ E˜„ˆ § § ¦ giWn © ¦ §
,eÈ˙B‡ÓË-ÏkÓ
¥ § ª ¨ ¦ e¯‰ËÂ
¥ £ © § eÈrLt-IkÓ ¥¨ § ¨ ¦ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È
eȉχ ¨Ÿ §
¦ § © ¨Â⧠,E‡È·
Èz˜¯Ê ¤ ¦ § „È-Ïr © © ·e˙kk ¨ © ,e¯‰Ë ¥ £ © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © eÈIr ¥ ¨ ˜B¯Êe§
ÌÎÈÏeJb-ÏkÓe
¤ ¥ ¦ ¨ ¦ ÌÎÈ˙B‡ÓË ¤ ¥ § ª IŸkÓ¦ ,Ìz¯‰Ëe ¤ § © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © ÌÎÈÏr¤ ¥£
:ÌÎ˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ¯‰Ë‡ ¥ ©£
,ÚÓLe ¨ § Eʇ § § ¨ | ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰ä© ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ÚeL © ¦ ˙B„eÓÁ-LÈ £ ‡ã¦ l`Ipc ¥¦ ¨
EÓL § ¦ ‡¯˜-¯L‡ ¨ § ¦ ¤ £ ¯Èr‰Â ¦ ¨ § ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ‰‡¯e ¥ § EÈÈr ¤ ¥ Á˜t ©§
,EÈÙϤ ¨ § eÈeÁz ¥ £ © ÌÈÏÈtÓ ¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ïr ¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ | Èk¦ ,‰ÈÏr̈ ¨ ¤
¨Ÿ £ ,‰ÁÏÒ
È„‡ ¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL ¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr ¤ £ © © Èk¦
E¯Èr-Ïr
§ ¦ © ‡¯˜ ¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk § ¦ ¦ ,ȉG‡ © ¡ ErÓI § © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ © © § © ,‰Nr ¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰¨ ¦ § ©
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © ©§
Èt
© ¨ ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ Ìȯ‰Ï ¦ ¨ § ÈzÓÏÎ¦ § © § ¦ § ÈzLa ¦ § Ÿ ,È‰Ï © Ÿ ‡¡å ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ¯Ó‡ © ¨ ¯ÙBq‰ ¥ © `xfÓ ¨§ ¤
„r© ‰Ï„‚ ¨ § ¨ e˙ÓL‡Â¥ ¨ § © § L‡¯ Ÿ ‰IrÓÏ ¨ § © § e·¯ « ¨ eÈ˙Âr ¥ Ÿ Ÿ £ Èk¦ EÈχ ¤ ¥
Ÿ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
‡Ï ¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡-C¯‡ ¦ © © ¤ ¤ ÌeÁ¯Â © § ÔepÁ© ˙BÁÈÏÒ ¦ § dBI‡© ¡ ‰z‡ ¨ © Âæ§ :ÌÈÓMÏ
¦¨ ¨©
e¯ˆBÈ
¥ § eÁÈÊz ¥ ¦ § © χ © § ,e‡¯Ba¥ § eLhz ¥ § ¦ χ © § eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ e·Êrz ¥ § © © χ© :Ìz·Êr ¨ § ©£
¯·c‰-˙‡
¨ ¨ © ¤ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eϨ Ìi˜Â ¤ © § ,eÈ˙‡hÁk ¥ Ÿ © § ‰Ïk ¨ ¨ enr ¨ ¦ Nrz © © χ ©§
̉‰ ¥ ¨ ÌÈÓi ¦ ¨aç© ,¯eÓ‡k ¨ ¨ .CÊBÁ ¨ e‰ÈÓ¯È
¨ § § ¦ È„È-Ïr ¥ § © ‰Ia˜a ¨ ¨ © § ezÁË·‰L ¨ § © § ¦ ¤
Ÿ © ¤ § epȇÂ
˙‡hÁ-˙‡Â ¤ ¥ § χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ÔÂr-˙‡ Ÿ £ ¤ Lw·È ¨Ÿ § ª § ‡È‰‰
© ª § ‰Â‰È-̇ ¦ © ˙r·e ¥¨
È·r¯
¥ ¥ § E˙ÏÁ § ¨ £ © § En§ rè© :¯È‡L‡ ¦ § © ¯L‡I ¤ £ © ÁIÒ‡ © § ¤ Èk¦ ‰‡ˆn˙ ¨ ¤ ¨ ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ § ‰„e‰È
¨ §
eȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ Ï©é Èk¦ eÚ„È § ¥ § e¯ÈkÈ ¦ © .ErLÈ ¤ § ¦ È·‡z ¥ ¥ § EcÒÁ ¤ § © ȇӈ ¥ ¥ § E·eË §
:˙BÁÈÏq‰Â ¦ § © § ÌÈÓÁ¯‰̈ ¦ £ ©
‰Nr¥ £ ‰Â‰¨Ÿ Èì§ . EÓL¤ § ‡¯˜ ¨ § ¦ ea¨ . EÓL ¤ § ÔepÁë© Ï‡¥ . EÓL ¤ § ÌeÁ¯ë© l`¥
. E˙ȯa
¤ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ EzÓ‡ 1¤ ¦ £ ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙c ¤ ¨ ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . Ez¯‡Ù˙Â
¤ § © § ¦ § EÏ„b
§ § ¨ ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr
¥ £
ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E¯ÎÊ ¤ § ¦ ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E„eÚÂ ¤ ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E„B‰ ¤
ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„eÁÈ ¤ ¦ ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E·eˤ ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EcÒÁ
¤§ ©
ê„·Î
Ë Ì˘ (‰ :‡È È Ï‡È„ („ :‰Î ÂÏ Ï‡˜ÊÁÈ (‚ :‚È ËÈ ÌÈω˙ (· :‡È ÂË ‡-χÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (‡ ‡"Â˙
Ë Ì˘ χÈ„ (È :ÂÎ Ë Ìȯ·„ (Ë :Î  ‰ÈÓ¯È (Á :ÊÈ Ë ‰ÈÓÁ (Ê :Â Ë ‡¯ÊÚ ( :ËÈ-ÁÈ
:Ê „È ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ï : „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (Î :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
.ÌÏÂη ÔΠ,C˙ȯa » ƒ ¬ ÔÚÓÏ :„ÈÓ˙ ¯Ó‡ ,˙ÂÁÈÏÒ· ¯Â·Èˆ ÁÈÏ˘Î È·¯‰ (1 ˙‚‰‰
» ƒ¿ .CzÈÓ‡
ÂÓ È˘ÈÓÁ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 91
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙eÎÏÓ ¤ § © ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„enÏ ¤ ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„B·k ¤ §
. E¯‡t¤ ¥ § ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . Efr ¤ ª ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„BÒ ¤ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EÁˆ ¤§¦
EÈÓÁ¯¤ £ © ÔrÓI© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E˙M„˜ ¤ ¨ ª § ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ E˙˜„ˆ. ¤ ¨ § ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
‰Nr .
¥ £ E˙l‰z ¤ ¨ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E˙ÈÎL ¤ ¨ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ ÌÈa¯‰. ¦ ©¨
. ·˜rÈÂ
Ÿ £ © § ˜ÁˆÈ ¨ § ¦ ̉¯·‡¨ ¨ § © ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . ¯Ùr ¨ ¨ ÈÎB ¥§ L à EÈ·‰B‡ ¤£ ÔrÓI
©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ ‰ÓÏLe Ÿ Ÿ § „Âc ¦ ¨ ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ Ô¯‰‡Â Ÿ £ © § ‰LÓ ¤ Ÿ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
‰Nr ¥ £ . E„B·k ¤ § ÔkL © § Ó⦠ÔBiˆ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EL„˜ ¤ § ¨ ¯Èr¦ ÌÏLe ¦© ¨ ¯È á§
‰Nr ¥ £ . EÁaÊÓ ¤ § § ¦ ˙eÒȯ‰ ¦ £ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EÏÎȉ ¤ ¨ ¥ ˙BÓÓL § ¦ ÔrÓÏ ©©§
. E„eÁÈ
¤ ¦ Ïr© ÌÈÁe·Ë ¦ § ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ EL„˜ ¤ § ¨ ÌL ¥ Ïr© ÌÈ‚e¯‰ ¦ £ ÔrÓI ©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EÓL ¤ § Lec˜¦ Ïr© ÌÈn·e ¦ © © L‡· ¥ ¨ ȇa ¥ ¨ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
. eÚLÙ § ¨ ‡lL Ÿ ¤ ·IÁ ¨ ¨ ÈÏeÓ¥ bä§ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ e‡ËÁ. § ¨ ‡lL Ÿ ¤ ÌÈ„L ¦ © ¨ Ș¥ BÈ ã§
‡ÏŸ ̇¦ ErÓÏ § © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ Ôa¯ . ¨ © ˙Èa¥ ÏL ¤ ˙B˜BÈzå¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
:erÈLB‰Â
¥ ¦ § ErÓÏ § © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . erÓÏ ¥£ © §
¥ £ . er
er ¥ £ eÈ·¦ ‡ç̈ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Epp¥1 Ó £æ
¥ £ . er
er ¥ £ eL¯Bc ¥ § er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ eχB¥ £ bé er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ e‡¯B ¥ § aè
:er¥ £ ÔÓ‡p‰ ¨ ¡ ¤ © χ¥ ‰ë̈

:er ¨ © § ÈÁî© er


¥ £ Ìi˜Â ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ¯LÈ ¨ ¨ § CÊì© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ § ˜È˙ ¦ ¨ EppÓ ¥£
ÌÈÒrk¦ ¨ § L·B ¥ kò er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ¯ˆÈ © ¥ Èñ er
¤ ¤ r„B ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ·ÈËÓe ¦ ¥ ·BËð EppÓ ¥£
ÌÈÎIn‰
¦ ¨ § © ÈÎÏÓ ¥ § © CI¤ Óö¤ er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § L·B ¥ Ïô er .
¥ £ er ¥£
:er ¥£

‰B¤ Úù er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÏÁBÓe ¥ ÁÏBÒ


©¥ er¥ £ . er ¥ £ ·bN ¨ § Âø¦ § ‡¯B¨ ÷ EppÓ ¥£
¨ ¨ § ˜Èc¦ ˆú© er
¯LÈÂ .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ÏÈvÓe ¦ © ‰„B ¤ tù er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ‰¯ˆ ¨ ¨ ˙ra ¥§
:er ¥£
ÂÚ
Ù"Ú (‰ :ÊË · χÂÈ Ù"Ú („ :Á ÂÎ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :„Î .ÊË Ë Ï‡È„ Ù"Ú (· :ËÈ ÂÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È (‡ ‡"Â˙
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÏ ÁÈ ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ (Ê :È·Ï ‰"„ È"˘¯ ‡ ,ÊÈ ˙Âί· ‰‡¯Â .· ,‚Ï ˙·˘ ( :Ë ÁÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È
: Á ·Âȇ Ù"Ú (Ï :Ë Ê Ìȯ·„ (Î :„ ÊÓ Ì˘ (È :‡ ‚Ó Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Ë :ÊË ‚Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È (Á
,Ê ˙Âί· ‰‡¯ (Ú :„È ‚˜ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Ò :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÁÒ ËȘ ÌÈω˙ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊΠ χÈ„ (Ó
:‰ ‚Ï ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (¯ :‡Î Ì˘ Ìȯ·„ Ù"Ú (˜ :‡ ,‚ ˙·‡ (ˆ :ÊÈ Ë ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ù :‡
:„ ·Ï Ìȯ·„ (˙ :‚ ,„ ˙Âί· ÈÓÏ˘Â¯È (˘
,ȯ˘˙-ÏÂχ ,'„"·Á È‚‰Ó ¯ˆÂ‡' ‰‡¯) ˙‡˜ÒÙ‰ ÈÓÂÈÒ· ÂϘ ı"˘‰ ‰È·‚Ó ÂÚ ˙¯ÈÓ‡· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ÁÎ 'ÓÚ
È˘ÈÓÁ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 92
C¯á© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÒBÚÎÏ § ¦ ‰L ¤ ˜á̈ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ Âȇ¯B˜Ï ¨ § § ·B¯˜à̈ Epp¥ Ó £1
:er
¥ £ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯â© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ˙Bv¯I ©§
er¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÌÈÓÈÓz ¦ ¦ § CÓBz ¥ ¥ £ . er
er ¥ £ ÌÈBÈ·‡-χ
¦ § ¤ ¤ rÓB © ¥ Lã EppÓ ¥£
„Á© t©æ er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ̉¯·‡ ¨ ¨ § © È‰Ï ¥ Ÿ ‡¡å er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £ È‰Ï ¥ Ÿ ‡¡ä
. er¥ £ ÌÈË·M‰ ¦ ¨ § © ˙¯Êr © § ¤ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ¯È·¦ ‡£ç er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ˜ÁˆÈ ¨ §¦
È·¦ ‡£é er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ÔBˆ¯¨ ˙ra ¥ § ‰B ¤ Úè er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ˙B‰n‡ ¨ ¦ ·bNÓ © § ¦ er ¥£
:er¥ £ ˙BÓχ ¨ § © Ôi©cé© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÌÈÓB˙È ¦ §
‰rL¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰i¯Bn‰ ¨ ¦ © ¯‰a © § eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ ̉¯·‡Ï ¨ ¨ § © § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ in ë¦
‰rL¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓì¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÁaÊn‰ © ¥ § ¦ © Èab-Ir ¥ © © „˜rpLk © ¡ ¤ ¤ § Ba§ ˜ÁˆÈI ¨ § ¦§
ÌȯeÒ‡‰¦ £ ¨ ˙È·a ¥ § ÛÒBÈÏ ¥ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ I‡¥ ˙È·a ¥ § ·˜rÈÏ Ÿ £©§
.
ÈÓî¦ erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÛeÒ-ÌÈ-Ir © © eÈ˙B·‡Ï ¥ £ © ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓë¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰
‰zÁna¨ § © © Ô¯‰‡Ï Ÿ £ © § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ·¯BÁa ¥ § ‰LÓÏ ¤ Ÿ § ‰rL ¨¨ ¤
. erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰„r‰ ¨ ¥ ¨ CBzÓ¦ BÓe˜a§ ÒÁÈÙÏ ¨ § ¦ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓð¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰
χeÓLÏ
¥ § ¦ ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓë¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÏbÏba ¨ § ¦ © rLB‰ÈÏ ©ª ¦ ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓë¦
‡e‰ ÌÏLe¯Èa ¦¨ ¨ ¦ B·§ ‰ÓÏLe Ÿ Ÿ § „Â„Ï ¦ ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓë¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰tˆna ¨§ ¦ ©
‰rL¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓñ¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÏÓ¯k‰ ¤ § © © ¯‰a © § e‰iÏ‡Ï ¨ ¦ ¥ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓë¦ . erÈ ¥£©
‡e‰ ‰‚c‰ ¨ ¨ © ÈrÓa ¥ § ¦ ‰BÈÏ ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓë¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ BÁȯÈa ¦ ¦ ÚLÈχI ¨ ¦ ¡¤
ÈÓô¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ BÈÏÁa § ¨ § ‰„e‰È ¨ § CÏÓ ¤ ¤ e‰i˜ÊÁÏ ¨ ¦ § ¦ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓò¦ . erÈ ¥£©
. erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ L‡‰ ¥ ¨ ÔL·k ¨ § ¦ CB˙a§ ‰È¯Êr ¨ § © £ © I‡LÈÓ ¥ ¨ ¦ ‰ÈÁÏ ¨ § © £ © ‰rL ¨¨ ¤
ÈÎc¯ÓÏ
© § § ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ˙Bȯ‡ ¨ £ ·B‚a§ χi„I ¥ ¦ ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓö¦
‰ÏBba
¨ © ‡¯ÊrÏ ¨ § ¤ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰¯Èa‰ ¨ ¦ © ÔLeLa © § ¯z҇ ¥§ ¤§
ÌÈÓÈÓz‰Â
¦ ¦ § © § ÌÈ„ÈÒÁ‰Â ¦ ¦ £ © § ÌȘÈcv‰-ÏÎϦ ¦ © © ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰
:erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÌȯLȉ ¦¨ §©§
¨ ¨ © § ÂÓÁ¯
Ì„‡-„È·e ¨ £ © ÌÈa¯-Èk ¦ © ¦ ‰Â‰È-„È·
¨Ÿ § © § ‡p-‰Ït ¨ ¨ § ¦ „‡Ó Ÿ § ÈÏ-¯ˆ ¦ © „b-χ ¨ ¤ „Âc ¦ ¨ xn`I ¤ Ÿ e÷©
¨Ÿ ¤ ©
:‰Ït‡-χ
ÌÂÁ¯
Ìȯ·„ (‰ :„Ï ËÒ ÌÈω˙ („ : „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‚ :‡È ,‰ ˙·‡ Ù"Ú (· :ÁÈ ‰Ó˜ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (‡ ‡"Â˙
:Á ËÓ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ë :„Î ËÓ Ì˘ (Á :·Ó ‡Ï Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Ê :„Î ÂÎ ˙È˘‡¯· ( :Ê ÂÎ
‰‡¯ ( :ËÈ Ë Ìȯ·„ ‰‡¯ (Ó :‡È ,· ‰·¯ Ìȯ·„ (Ï :‡ ,ÂË ˙ÈÚ˙ Ù"Ú (Î : ÁÒ ÌÈω˙ (È
 χÈ„ (ˆ :ÊÎ-ÂÎ ‚ χÈ„ ‰‡¯ (Ù :È-· Ì˘ (Ú :·Î-‡Î · ·-ÌÈÎÏÓ (Ò :· ,·Ù Ôȯ„‰Ò
:„È „Î ·-χÂÓ˘ (˜ :‰Î-ÊÈ
,ȯ˘˙-ÏÂχ ,'„"·Á È‚‰Ó ¯ˆÂ‡' ‰‡¯) ˙‡˜ÒÙ‰ ÈÓÂÈÒ· ÂϘ ı"˘‰ ‰È·‚Ó ÂÚ ˙¯ÈÓ‡· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ÁÎ 'ÓÚ
ÊÓ È˘ÈÓÁ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 93
(̉ÈÙ ÏÚ ÌÈÏÙÂ Ôȇ)
Ïa˜Â¥ © § ÈÏr © ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ © ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © ‡Ï¥ Óá̈ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § .EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § È˙‡ËÁ ¦ ¨ ¨ ÔepÁ © § mEgxà©
ÈpÁ
¦ ¥ ¨ :È¯qÈ˙ ¦ ¥ § © § E˙ÓÁa-I‡Â § ¨ £ © © § ÈÁÈÎB˙ ¦¥ ¦ Et‡a-I‡
§ © § © ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ È⧠:ÈeÁz ¨ £ ©
‰Ï‰·
¨ £ § ¦ ÈLÙ ¦ § © § :ÈÓˆr ¨ ¨ £ eω· £ § ¦ Èk¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È‡Ù¯ ¦ ¥ ¨ § È‡ ¦ ¨ ÏÏÓ‡ © § ª Èk¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ §
ÔrÓI
© © § ÈrÈLB‰ ¦¥ ¦ ÈLÙ¦ § © ‰ˆlÁ ¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰·eL ¨ :È˙Ó-„r
¨ ¨ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰z‡Â ¨ © § „‡Ó Ÿ §
,È˙Á‡a
¦ ¨ § © § | Èzr‚È ¦ § © ¨ :Cl-‰„BÈ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ IB‡La § ¦ E¯ÎÊ ¤ § ¦ ˙Âna ¤ ¨ © Ôȇ¥ Èk¦ :EcÒÁ ¤§ ©
ÈÈr
¦ ¥ ÒrkÓ © © ¦ ‰LLr ¨ § ¨ :‰ÒÓ‡ ¤ § © ÈN¯r ¦ § © È˙rÓ„a ¦ ¨ § ¦ § È˙hÓ ¦ ¨ ¦ ‰ÏÈI-Ïη ¨ § © ¨ § ‰ÁN‡ ¤ § ©
:ÈÈÎa
¦ § ¦ ÏB˜ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÚÓL-Èk © ¨ ¦ Ô‡ ¤ ¨ ÈÏrt-Ïk ¥ £ Ÿ ¨ ÈpnÓ ¦ ¤ ¦ e¯eÒ :ȯ¯Bˆ-ÏÎa ¨ § ¨ § ‰˜˙r̈ ¨ §
¨ §Ÿ
ȷȇ-Ïk ¨ „‡Ó Ÿ § eωaÈ £ ¨ ¦ § | eL·È Ÿ ¥ :ÁwÈ ¨ ¦ È˙lÙz ¦ ¨ ¦ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È˙pÁz ¦ ¨ ¦ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÚÓL̈ ©
:Ú‚¯ © ¨ eL·È Ÿ ¥ e·LÈ̈ ª
„k© ‡¯a ¨ § .‡ÓÏr ¨ § ¨ ÈiÁÏ ¥ © § ÏB‡L § ÔÓ¦ ˜ÈqÓ ¦ © .‰iÁÓe ¤ © § ˙ÈÓ¦ Ó㥠,ÈqÓe ¥ © ign ¥ ©
„ȯӄ ¦ ¨ § ‡c·r ¨ § © :dÈ·‡ÎÏ ¥ ¥ § ¦ Èq‡ ¥ © ÒÈÁ„ ¦ ¨ § ȉe·‡ ¦ £ .dÈ˜Ï ¥ § © ȉe·‡ ¦ £ ÈËÁ̈ ¥
ÔÈËÁÂ
¨ ¦ ¨ § Ô‡ ¨ £ C¯Îea ¨§ C¯¨ aä§ :dȯÏB˜ ¥¨ ¯Èa˙ ¦ © § ·È‡z ¦ ¨ dÈ¯Ó ¥ ¨ .¯ÏB˜a ¨ § ˜ÈÙ ¦¨
‡‰¨ .Cn˜ ¨ © Ô„B¯Óe ¨ ¨ § Ô‡ ¨ £ Cc·r ¨ § © .Ôȯ¯Ó ¦ ¨ § ÔÈ„È‚a ¦ ¦ § ÔÈLÙ ¦ § © ȯ ¥ ¨ ‡‰¨ .Cn˜ ¨ ©
.ÔÈLÈÙc
¦ ¦ § ¦ CÓÁ¯a ¨ £ © § CpÓ ¨ ¦ eËÓa ¨ § .‡˙eȘIÓa ¨ ¦ § © § ‡‰¨ .‡È·La ¨ § ¦ § ‡‰¨ .‡˙Ê·a ¨§¦ §
:‡È·Ma¨ § ¦ © ‡¯ÈÓb ¨ ¦ § ȉ ¥ ¡ ¤ ‡Ïc ¨ § „r© .ÔÏr ¨ £ ÛB˜˙c § ¦ ÔÈ·‡ÎÏ ¦ ¥ § ¦ Èq‡ ¥ ©
ÈrÈÓLÓ
¥ ¦ § © :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ Ïr© a©å ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .eÈÓÁ¯ ¥ £ © eÒÈΉ ¦ § © .ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © iqipkn ¥ ¦§ ©
ÈrÈÓLÓ :‰lÙz rÓBLæ ÈÙI .e˙lÙz eÚÈÓL‰ .‰lÙz
¥ ¦ § © ¨ ¦ § © ¥ ¥ § ¦ ¥ ¨ ¦ § ¦ § © ¨ ¦ §
eÒÈΉ ¦ § © .‰rÓ„ ¨ § ¦ ÈÒÈÎÓ ¥ ¦ § © :‰˜rˆ ¨ ¨ § rÓB ©¥ L ç ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .e˙˜rˆ ¥ ¨ £ © eÚÈÓL‰ ¦ § © .‰˜rˆ ¨¨§
‰pÁz¨ ¦ § ea¯‰Â § © § eÏczL‰ § © § ¦ :˙BÚÓ„a ¨ § ¦ ‰v¯˙Ó ¤ © § ¦ CIÓ ¤ ¤ ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ eÈ˙BÚÓ„ ¥ § ¦
ÂÈÙÏ
¨ ¨ § eÚÈÓL‰ ¦ § © .ÂÈÙI ¨ ¨ § e¯Èkʉ ¦ § © :‡O ¨ ¦ § Ì¯è¨ Ï‡¥ CIÓ ¤ ¤ ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .‰Lw·e ¨ ¨©
Ìr¯Ê ¨ § © ‰iÁÈ ¤ © ¦ Ì˙·‰‡ ¨ ¨ £ © ¯BkÊȧ ¦ .¯Ùr ¨ ¨ ÈÎB ¥§ L ë IL ¤ ÌÈ·BË ¦ ÌÈNrÓe ¦ £ © ‰¯B¨ zé
.‰t¯ ¨ § ÁÏ ¤ð § ‰È‰ ¨ ¨ ÔÓ‡ ¨ ¡ ¤ ‰rB ¤ ¯î Ô‡ˆ Ÿ Èk¦ .·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ˙ȯ‡ ¦¥L §ì „·‡˙ © Ÿ ‡HL ¤
e„Ùe ¥ § .erLÈ ¥ § ¦ ȉG‡ ¥ ¡ er ¥ £ ¯‰Ó ¥ © .‰ÈLI ¨ ¦ § ¦ § ÏL ¨ ÓÏ ò̈ § „Á‡ ¨ ¤ ÈBbñ χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨§ ¦
:Cnr ¨ © § C˜„ˆ ¨ § ¦ ÁÈLÓ © ¦ § ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯a ¤ £ © § ‰rÈLB‰Â ¨ ¦ § ˙BL˜¨ ˙B¯Êb-IkÓ ¥§ ¨ ¦
ÔB‰lk § ª .dÈe·LÏ ¥ § ¦ ÔpÁ˙Ó„ ¥ © § ¦ § .‡È·L ¨ § ¦ ¯·k © § .ÔpÁ˙Ó ¨ ¥ © § ¦ CϨ .‡iÓL·c ¨ © § ¦ § oxn ¨¨
.ÈeÁ˙·e
¥ £ © § ÈÓÁ¯a ¥ £ © § χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ Cnr ¨ © § .ÔȘ¯t˙Ó ¦ § ¨ § ¦ ‡tÒÎa ¨ § © § .‡È·L ¨ § ¦ Èa ¥§
:CÓ„˜ ¨ ¨ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ̘ȯ ¨ ¥ ¯c‰ © § ¤ ‡Ic ¨ § ÔÈ˙eÚ·e ¦ ¨ ÔÈzI‡L ¦ § ¦ § ÔϨ ·‰©
Ô¯Ó
Ì‚¯˙ (‰ : · ‡-χÂÓ˘ („ :‡È-·  ÌÈω˙ (‚ :‰ ,‡ ˙Âί· ÈÓÏ˘Â¯È (· : „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‡ ‡"Â˙
‰ÈÚ˘È (Ë :‡ ,ÂË ˙ÈÚ˙ (Á :· ,ÁÎ ˙Âί· (Ê :ÂË ,Ê ‰·¯ ˙ω˜ ( :·Î „ ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"‰Ú Ô˙ÂÈ
Ù"Ú ( :‚È ,Ê ‰·¯ ¯˙Ò‡ (Ó :Ê ‰ ‰ÎÈÓ (Ï :ËÈ ÂÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È (Î :Ë , ˙·‡ Ù"Ú (È :ÂË Ê
:Ì˘ ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ú :‡Î ÊÈ ‡-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ (Ò :Ë „Î ‰ÈÓ¯È
È˘ÈÓÁ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 94
Ô‡
¨ £ ȘÈLr
¥ ¦ £ .dȯÓÏ¥ ¨ § ÔpÁ˙Óc
¥ © § ¦ § ‡c·rk ¨ § © § .ÔpÁ˙Ó ¨ © § ¦ § oxn
¨ ¥ © § ¦ CϨ .‡iÓL·c ¨¨
˙ÈI¥ ‡ÏÈÁ
¨ ¥ .ÔÈLÈÙ„
¦ ¦ § ¦ ÔÈ˙˜rÓ¦ § © ¥ ÔÈLÙ
¦ § © ÔȯȯÓ
¦ ¦ § .ÔȯL
¨ ¦ ¨ ‡ÎBLÁ·e
¨ £©
:‡˙‰·‡
¨ ¨ ¨ § © Ìr¦ z¯Ê‚c
¨ § © § ¦ ‡Ói˜
¨ ¨ © IÈ„a ¦ § „È·r ¦ £ .Ô¯Ó
¨ ¨ CÈev¯Ï
¨ © § Ôä

,χ¯NÈ © Ÿ χÂ
¥ ¨ § ¦ „·‡È © § ,χ¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙ȯ‡ ¦¥L §á ¯BÓL § ,χ¯NÈ
¥ ¨§ ¦ xnF
¥ Wà
:χ¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ÚÓ© L §â ÌȯÓB‡‰
¦§ ¨
,„Á‡ © Ÿ χÂ
¨ ¤ ÈBb „·‡È ¨ ¤ rä© ˙ȯ‡L
© § ,„Á‡-Ì ¦ ¥ § ¯BÓL ¨ ¤ ÈBbã
§ ,„Á‡ xnFW
¥
:„Á‡¨ ¤ | ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ,eȉχ
¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â¨Ÿ‰È â § ,EÓL§ ¦ ÌÈ„ÁÈÓ‰
¦£© § ©
© Ÿ χÂ
ÈBb „·‡È © § ,LB„˜¨ Ìr©æ ˙ȯ‡L ¦ ¥ § ¯BÓL § ,LB„˜¨ ÈBbå xnFW
¥
:LB„˜Ï ¨ § ˙BM„˜ ª § LÏLaŸ ¨ § ÌÈLlLÓ‰ ¦ § © § © ,LB„˜¨
,Èr
¦ ¨ ¯B„ϧ Òit˙‰Â
¥ © § ¦ § ‰v¯˙‰¤ © § ¦ ,ÌÈeÁ˙a
¦ £ © § Òit˙Óe
¥ © § ¦ ,ÌÈÓÁ¯a ¦ £ © § dSxzn
¤ ©§ ¦
:¯ÊBÚ
¥ Ôȇ¥ Èk¦
:‰z‡ ¨ ¨ ‡l‡
¨ ¤ CÏÓ ¤ ¤ eϨ Ôȇ¥ ekÏÓ ¥ § © eÈ·¦ ‡è̈ :‰z‡ ¨ ¨ eÈ·‡ ¥ § © Epia¦ `ç̈
¦ ¨ ekÏÓ
ea¨ Ôȇ¥ Èk¦ erÂ
¥ £ © epÁ
¥ ¨ ekÏÓ
¥ § © eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ :eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ § © eÈ·¦ ‡ç̈
¥ © ekÏÓ
:erÈLB‰Â
¥ ¦ § ÏB„b‰ ¨ © EÓL § ¦ ÔrÓÏ
© © § „ÒÁ¤ ¤ ¨ ‰˜„ˆ
¨ ¨ § enr¨ ¦ ‰Nr ¥ £ ÌÈNrÓ¦ £©

¯ÎŸ Êë§ :eÈÈr¥ ¥ EÈÏr ¤ ¨ Èk¦ ,‰Nrp-‰Ó ¤ £ © © Ú„ © ¥ ‡Ï Ÿ Epgp` § © £ e©é


:‰n‰ ¨ ¥ ÌÏBÚÓ ¨ ¥ Èk¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁ ¤ ¨ £ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EÈÓÁ¯ ¤£ ©
¨ ¨ § ¦ ‡î© :CϨ eÏÁÈ
eÏ-¯kÊz-I § © ¦ ¯L‡k¤ £ © ,eÈIr ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EcÒÁ-ȉ§ § © ¦ Èì§
:„‡ÓŸ § eBl„© Èk¦ ,EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © eeÓc˜È § © § ¯‰Ó ¥ © ,ÌÈBL‡¯ ¦ ¦ ˙BÂrŸ£
:¯BkÊz § ¦ ÌÁ¯ ¤Ÿ añ§ :Êe· er·N
¥ © Ê‚¯ § © ¨ ·¯-Èk © ¦ ,epÁ ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ep¥ Áð̈
¤Ÿ § :¯BkÊz
Ê‚¯a § ¦ ˙BÓÈÓz ¦ § Ê‚¯a ¤Ÿ § :¯BkÊ˙ § ¦ ‰„˜r ¨ ¥ £ Ê‚¯a ¤Ÿ §
-ÌBÈ·§ erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰¨ ¦ ‰Â‰¨Ÿ Èò§ :¯BkÊ˙ § ¦ ‰·‰‡ ¨£©
| e¯Ê¥ § rö̈ :eÁ‡
§ ¨ £ ¯Ùr-Èk
¨ ¨ ¦ ¯eÎʨ ,e¯ˆÈ ¥ § ¦ Ú„È © ¨ ‡e‰-Èkô¦ :e‡¯˜ ¥ §¨
¯tÎÂ
¥ © § eÏÈv‰Â¥ ¦ © § ,EÓL-„B·k
¤ § § ¯·c-Ïr © § © erLÈ ¥ § ¦ ȉχ ¥Ÿ ¡
:EÓL¤ § ÔrÓÏ ¥ Ÿ © ©
© © § eÈ˙‡hÁ-Ïr
Ï„‚˙È
:Á ‚ ¯˙Ò‡ (‰ :‚Î Ê ·-χÂÓ˘ („ :„  Ìȯ·„ (‚ : ‡Ï ‰ÈÓ¯È (· :„ ‡Î˜ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
·-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ (È :· ,‰Î ˙ÈÚ˙ (Ë :‡ , ˙ÈÚ˙ Û"ȯ (Á :Â Ê Ìȯ·„ (Ê : ËÈ ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (Â
:· ‚ ˜Â˜·Á (Ò :‚ ‚Θ Ì˘ ( :Á ËÚ Ì˘ (Ó :·Î ‚Ï Ì˘ (Ï : ‰Î ÌÈω˙ (Î :·È Î
:Ë ËÚ Ì˘ (ˆ :„È ‚˜ Ì˘ (Ù :È Î ÌÈω˙ (Ú
ÁÓ È˘ÈÓÁ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 95
CÈÏÓÈÂ
¦ § © § d˙eÚ¯Î
¥ § ¦ ‡¯· ¨ § Èc¦ ‡ÓÏra ¨ § ¨ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § Lc˜˙È © © § ¦ § lCBz© © § i1¦
ÔBÎÈiÁa
¥ © § :ÔÓ‡ .dÁÈLÓ ¥ ¦ § ·¯˜È ¥ ¨ ¦ d˜¯et¥¨ § ÁÓˆÈÂ
© § © § ,d˙eÎIÓ ¥ § ©
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,·È¯˜ ¦ ¨ ÔÓÊ·e
© § ¦ ‡I‚ra¨ ¨ £ © ,I‡¯NÈ¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-I΄
¥ ¨ § ÈiÁ·e ¥ © § ÔBÎÈÓBÈ·e
¥ §
ÁazLÈÂ
© © § ¦ § C¯a˙È ¥ ¨ § ¦ :‡iÓÏr¨ © § ¨ ÈÓIrÏe
¥ § ¨ § ÌÏrÏ © ¨ § C¯·Ó © ¨ § ‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § ‡‰È ¥§
‡L„e˜c
¨ § § dÓL ¥ § Il‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‰lr˙ÈÂ
¤ © § ¦ § ¯c‰˙Ȩ © § ¦ § ‡O˙ÈÂ
¥ © § ¦ § ÌÓB¯˙ÈÂ
¨ § ¦ § ¯‡t˙È ¥ ¨ § ¦§
,‡˙ÓÁÂ
¨ ¨ ¡ ¤ § ‡˙ÁaLz
¨ ¨ § § ª ,‡˙¯ÈL ¨ ¨ ¦ § ‡˙ίa-Ïk
¨ ¨ § ¦ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ‡lrÏ ¨ ¥ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡e‰ Cȯa ¦§
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,‡ÓIra¨ § ¨ § Ô¯ÈÓ‡c
¨ ¦ £ ©
Èc¦ ÔB‰e·‡£ Ì„˜ ¨ ¢ ,χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-Ï΄ ¥ ¨ § ÔB‰˙eÚ·e § ¨ ÔB‰˙Bψ § § lAwzY ¥© § ¦
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡ § ¦ Â2§ ,‡iÓL·
¨© § ¦
,χ¯NÈ-Ïk
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¨ Ïr © § eÈÏr¥ ¨ ÌÈ·BË ¦ ÌÈiÁÂ
¦ © § ‡iÓL
¨ © § ÔÓ¦ ‡a¯ ¨ © ‡ÓÏL ¨ ¨ § `di ¥§
:ÔÓ‡¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦§
,χ¯NÈ-Ïk
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¨ Ïr © § eÈÏr¥ ¨ ÌBÏL ¨ ‰NrÈ ¤ £ © ‡e‰ ,ÂÈÓB¯Óa ¨ § ¦ ÌBÏL ¨ dU ¤3 Ÿrà
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦§

ȯ˘‡
:· ‰Î ·Âȇ (‡ ‡"Â˙
,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‰ÁÈ˘Ó ·¯˜È ,‡·¯ ‰Ó˘ ˙·È˙‰ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘È„˜· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ (1 ˙‚‰‰
(¯Ó‡ ˙ˆ˜ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ͯ·˙È . . ‰Ó˘ ‡‰È (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁÂ
ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‡Â‰ Íȯ· ‡˘„˜„ ‰Ó˘ (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) Ïω˙È . . Á·˙˘ÈÂ
.(6 'ÓÚ ,ÌÈ‚‰Ó‰ ¯ÙÒ)
.(Ì˘) ˙ˆ˜Ó· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ Z Ï·˜˙˙ Ï˘ ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú˘· (2
.ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰ ÔÈÓÈÏ Z ‰˘ÂÚ :˘È„˜ Ï˘ ÌÂÏ˘ ‰˘ÂÚ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰Â ˙ÈÈˉ (3
ÚˆÓ‡· Z ÔÓ‡ . . ‡Â‰ ¢‡¯ Û˜ÂÊ ,ÚˆÓ‡· Z ÂÈÓ¯ӷ .ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰ Ï‡Ó˘Ï Z ÌÂÏ˘
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó)
È˘˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 96

:‰Ïq ¨ ¤ EeÏÏ‰È § © § „BÚ ,E˙È· ¤ ¥ È·LBÈ ¥ § ixW¥ § `©à


Ìr‰¨ ¨ ȯL‡ ¥ § © ,BJ ‰ÎkL ¨ ¨ ¤ Ìr‰ ¨ ¨ ȯL ¥ § ‡©á
EÓÓB¯‡
§ ¦ £ ,„Â„Ï ¦ ¨ § ‰J‰ ¨ ¦ z⧠:ÂȉG‡ ¨ ¡ ‰Â‰ÈL ¨Ÿ § ¤
:„r¤ ¨ ÌIBÚϨ § EÓL § ¦ ‰Î¯·‡Â ¨ § ¨ £ © ,CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © ȉBI‡ © ¡
ÌÏBÚÏ
¨ § EÓL § ¦ ‰Iω‡Â ¨ § © £ © ,jί·‡ ¨ ¤ § ¨ £ ÌBÈ-IÎa ¨ §
Ôȇ¥ B˙l„‚I¨ ª § ¦ § ,„‡Ó Ÿ § IJ‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„b¨ :„rÂ̈ ¤
¤Ÿ
EÈ˙¯e·‚e § ,EÈNrÓ ¤ £ © ÁaLÈ © © § ¯B„I§ ¯Bc :¯˜Á ¤¥
¤ Ÿ § § ¦ ȯ·„Â
EÈ˙‡ÏÙ ¥ § ¦ § ,E„B‰ ¤ „B·k§ ¯„‰ © £ :e„ÈbÈ ¦©
E˙J„‚e
§ ¨ ª § ,e¯Ó‡È ¥ Ÿ EÈ˙‡¯B ¤ Ÿ § ÊeÊr ¡ ¤ :‰ÁÈN‡ ¨ ¦ ¨
E˙˜„ˆÂ
§ ¨ § ¦ § ,eÚÈaÈ ¦ © E·eË-·¯§ © ¯ÎÊ ¤ ¤ :‰p¯tÒ‡ ¨¤§ ©£
-I„‚e ¨ § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌeÁ¯Â © § ÔepÁ© :ep¯È ¥ ©§
-Ïk-Ïr
¨ © ÂÈÓÁ¯Â ¨ £ © § ,ÏkI Ÿ © ‰Â‰È-·BË ¨Ÿ § :„ÒÁ̈¤
EÈ„ÈÒÁÂ
¤ ¦ £ © ,EÈNrÓ-Ïk ¤ £ © ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Ee„BÈ :ÂÈNrÓ ¨ £©
E˙¯e·‚e
§ ¨ § ,e¯Ó‡È ¥ Ÿ E˙eÎÏÓ § § © „B·k§ :‰Îeί·È ¨ §¨ §
¨Ÿ
,ÂÈ˙¯e·b § Ì„‡‰ ¨ ¨ ¨ È·Ï ¥ § ¦ | rÈ„B‰Ï © ¦ § :e¯a„È ¥ ©§
˙eÎÏÓ § © ,E˙eÎIÓ § § © :B˙eÎÏÓ § © ¯„‰ © £ „B·Îe §
Ÿ ¨ ¯Bc-IÎa
:¯„ ¨ § EzÏLÓÓe § §© § ¤ ¦ ¨Ÿ
,ÌÈÓÏÚ-Ik̈
-ÏÎI ¨ § Û˜BÊ ¥ § ,ÌÈÏÙp‰-IÎI ¦ § Ÿ © ¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § CÓBÒ ¥
‰z‡Â¨ © § ,e¯aNÈ ¥ © § EÈI‡ ¤ ¥ ÏÎ-ÈÈr Ÿ ¥ ¥ :ÌÈÙeÙk‰ ¦ § ©
,E„È-˙‡
¤ ¨ ¤ Á˙Bt © ¥ :Bzra ¦ § ÌÏ·-˙‡¨ § ¨ ¤ ̉I-Ô˙B ¤¨ ¥
-IÎa ¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ˜Ècˆ ¦ © :ÔBˆ¯¨ ÈÁ-ÏÎI © ¨ § rÈaNÓe © ¦ § ©
ÂÈί„
:ÍÏȇ ‡ ‰Ó˜ Ì˘ (‚ :ÂË „Ó˜ Ì˘ (· :‰ „Ù ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
ËÓ È˘˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 97

-ÏÎÏ ¨Ÿ § ·B¯˜¨ :ÂÈNrÓ-ÏÎa


¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨ £ © ¨ § „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ § ,ÂÈίc
¨ ¨ §
-ÔBˆ¯§ :˙Ó‡· ¤ ¡ ¤ e‰‡¯˜È ª ¨ § ¦ ¯L‡¤ £ ÏÎI Ÿ § ,Âȇ¯˜ ¨ §Ÿ
:ÌrÈLBÈÂ
¥ ¦ § ÚÓLÈ © § ¦ Ì˙rÂL-˙‡Â
¨ ¨§© ¤ § ,‰NrÈ ¤ £ © Âȇ¯È¨ ¥§
¨ £Ÿ
-Ïk¨ ˙‡Â¥ § ,ÂÈ·‰‡-Ik-˙‡ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯ÓBL ¥
,Èt¦ ¯a„Ȥ © § ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ˙l‰z © ¦ § :„ÈÓLÈ ¦ § © ÌÈrL¯‰̈¦¨ §
:„r¤ ¨ ÌIBÚÏ
¨ § BL„˜ § ¨ ÌL ¥ ¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ C¯·È ¥¨ ¦
:dÈeIω
¨ § © ÌIBÚ-„rÂ
¨ © § ‰zrÓ¨ © ¥ ,dȨ C¯· § © £ Âà©
¥ ¨ § | eÁ‡
:˘È„˜ ȈÁ ı"˘Ï
CÈÏÓÈÂ
¦ § © § d˙eÚ¯Î
¥ § ¦ ‡¯· ¨ § Èc¦ ‡ÓÏra¨ § ¨ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § Lc˜˙È© © § ¦ § lCBz
© © § i1¦
ÔBÎÈiÁa
¥ © § :ÔÓ‡ .dÁÈLÓ ¥ ¦ § ·¯˜È ¥ ¨ ¦ d˜¯et
¥¨ § ÁÓˆÈÂ
© § © § ,d˙eÎIÓ
¥ § ©
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,·È¯˜ ¦ ¨ ÔÓÊ·e
© § ¦ ‡I‚ra
¨ ¨ £ © ,I‡¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-I΄
¥ ¨ § ÈiÁ·e ¥ © § ÔBÎÈÓBÈ·e
¥ §
ÁazLÈÂ
© © § ¦ § C¯a˙È ¥ ¨ § ¦ :‡iÓÏr
¨ © § ¨ ÈÓIrÏe
¥ § ¨ § ÌÏrÏ © ¨ § C¯·Ó © ¨ § ‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § ‡‰È ¥§
‡L„e˜c
¨ § § dÓL ¥ § Il‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‰lr˙ÈÂ
¤ © § ¦ § ¯c‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‡O˙ÈÂ
¥ © § ¦ § ÌÓB¯˙ÈÂ
¨ § ¦ § ¯‡t˙ÈÂ¥ ¨ § ¦§
,‡˙ÓÁÂ
¨ ¨ ¡ ¤ § ‡˙ÁaLz
¨ ¨ § § ª ,‡˙¯ÈL ¨ ¨ ¦ § ‡˙ίa-Ïk
¨ ¨ § ¦ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ‡lrÏ ¨ ¥ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡e‰ Cȯa ¦§
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,‡ÓIra
¨ § ¨ § Ô¯ÈÓ‡c
¨ ¦ £ ©

¥ § ¦ Ó©â :ÌÈt‰
ÔB‡˙p-‰ ¦ ¨ © ˙La ¤ Ÿ eÏ ¨ § ,‰˜„v‰
¨ ¨ § © È„‡¨Ÿ £ Ll§ á
¨ § § ä© :˜cˈp-‰Óe
‰NtÁ ¨© §¦ © ¯a„p-‰Ó
¥ © § © ¯Ó‡p-‰ © Ÿ Óe ©ã
‰ËeLÙ
¨ § EÈÓ § ¦ Èå§ Èk¦ ,EÈχ ¤ ¥ ‰·eL¨ ¨ § ‰¯˜Á ¨Ÿ § © § eÈί„
¥ ¨ §
,EÈÙÏ
¤ ¨ § e‡a¨ ÌÈNrÓ·-‡Ï¦ £ © § Ÿ § „ÒÁ·-‡Ï ¤ ¤ § Ÿ :ÌÈ·L ¦ ¨ Ïa˜I¥ ©§
ÌeÁ¯æ© e˜Ù„ § © ¨ EÈ˙Ïc ¤ ¨ § :EÈ˙I„ ¤ ¨ § e˜Ùc§ © ¨ ÌÈL¯Îe
¦ ¨ § ÌÈl„k¦ ©§
ekÏÓ
¥ § © EÈÙJÓ
¤ ¨ § ¦ :EÈÙlÓ¤ ¨ § ¦ ̘ȯ ¨ ¥ e·ÈLz-χ
¥ ¦ § © ‡¨ ,ÔepÁ ©§
:‰JÙz © ¥ Lç ‰z‡
¨ ¦ § rÓB ¨ © Èk¦ ,e·ÈLz
¥ ¦ § χ© ̘ȯ ¨ ¥
ÚÓ¢
‰Îȇ (‰ :ÊË „Ó ˙È˘‡¯· Ù"Ú („ :ËÏ ‚ ‰Îȇ Ù"Ú (‚ :Ê Ë Ï‡È„ (· :ÁÈ Â˘ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:· ,ÁÎ ˙Âί· (Á : „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ÁÏ˘· ‡ÓÂÁ˙ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ó Ì˘
,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‰ÁÈ˘Ó ·¯˜È ,‡·¯ ‰Ó˘ ˙·È˙‰ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘È„˜· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ (1 ˙‚‰‰
(¯Ó‡ ˙ˆ˜ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ͯ·˙È . . ‰Ó˘ ‡‰È (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁÂ
ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‡Â‰ Íȯ· ‡˘„˜„ ‰Ó˘ (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) Ïω˙È . . Á·˙˘ÈÂ
.(6 'ÓÚ ,ÌÈ‚‰Ó‰ ¯ÙÒ)
È˘˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 98
Ÿ £ © § ¦ § ¯Na-ÏÎ
˙ÂÁzL‰Ï ¨ ¨ ¨ ‡B·Èá̈ :e‡·È Ÿ ¨ ¯Na-Ïk ¨ ¨ ¨ EÈ„r ¤ ¨ ,‰lÙz ¨ ¦ § ÓnF ©¥ W à
:EÓLI¤ § ¦ e„aÎÈ § © ¦ ,È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ EÈÙÏ £ © § ¦ § | e‡B·Èâ̈ :‰Â‰È
¤ ¨ § eÂÁzLÈ ¨Ÿ § EÈÙI ¤¨§
| ÂȯrL ¨ ¨ § e‡Ÿaä :eNÚ ¥ Ÿ ‰Â‰È-ÈÙÏ ¨Ÿ § ¥ § ¦ ‰Î¯· ¨ § § ¦ ,‰r¯Î ¨ ¨ § ¦ § ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ e‡Ÿaã
¨Ÿ § ¤ eίa
‰Â‰È-˙‡ § ¨ | ‰p¥ ‰å¦ :BÓL § eίa § ¨ BÏ-e„B‰ ,‰l‰˙a ¨ ¦ § ¦ ÂÈ˙¯ˆÁ ¨ Ÿ ¥ £ ‰„B˙a ¨ §
,L„˜ ¤Ÿ Ì΄È-e‡N ¤ ¥§ § :˙BÏÈla ¨Ÿ §
¥ © ‰Â‰È-˙È·a ¥ § ÌÈ„ÓÚ‰ ¦ § Ÿ ¨ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È„·r-Ïk̈¥§ ©
eÓÓB§ ¯ç :ÂÈÏ‚¯ ¨ § © Ì„‰Ï Ÿ £ © ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ ,ÂÈ˙BkLÓÏ ¨ § § ¦ § ‰‡B ¨ ·æ ¨ :‰Â‰È-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ¤ eί·e §¨
eȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eÓÓB § ¯è :‡e‰ LB„˜¨ ,ÂÈÏ‚¯ ¨ § © Ì„‰Ï Ÿ £ © eÂÁzL‰Â £ © § ¦ § eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ §
¨Ÿ © eÂÁzL
‰Â‰ÈÏ £ © § ‰é¦ :eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § LB„˜-Èk ¨ ¦ ,BL„˜ § ¨ ¯‰Ï © § eÂÁzL‰Â £ © § ¦§
‡B·¨ EcÒÁ § § © ·¯a Ÿ § eÁ‡ § © £ Âë© :ı¯‡‰-Ïk¤ ¨ ¨ ¨ ÂÈtÓ ¨ ¨ ¦ eIÈÁ¦ ,L„˜-˙¯„‰a ¤Ÿ © §© §
ÏÎȉ-χ
© ¥ ¤ ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ì¦ :E˙‡¯Èa ¤ ¨ § ¦ § EL„˜-ÏÎȉ-χ
§ § ¨ © ¥ ¤ ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ ,E˙È· ¤ ¥
-Ïk-Ïr
¨ © zÏc‚‰-Èk ¨ § © § ¦ ¦ ,EzÓ‡-Ir ¤ ¦ £ © § EcÒÁ-Ïr § § © © EÓL-˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ‰„B ¤ § EL„˜ § §¨
E˙eÓ‡Â
§ ¨ ¡ ¤ ,dȨ | ÔÈÒÁ ¦ £ EBÓÎ-ÈÓ ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ | ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ îȧ :E˙¯Ó‡ ¤ ¨ § ¦ EÓL § ¦
:ÌÈI‡ ¦ ¥ È·a ¥ § ¦ ‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨Ÿ © ‰Ó„È ¤ § ¦ ,‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨Ÿ © C¯rÈ Ÿ £ © ˜ÁM· © © © ÈÓ¦ Èkð¦ :EÈ˙B·È·Ò ¤ ¦ §
ÏB„‚-È ¨ kò¦ :Ec·I ¤ © § Ìȉχ ¦ Ÿ ¡ ‰z‡ ¨ © ,˙B‡IÙ ¨ § ¦ ‰NÚ ¥ Ÿ § ‰z‡ ¨ © IB„‚-È ¨ kñ¦
Ÿ § Ïl‰Óe
,„‡Ó ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„bô̈ :EzÓ‡ ¤ ¦ £ ÌȘÁL-„r ¦ ¨ § © § ,EcÒÁ ¤ § © ÌÈÓL-ÏrÓ ¦© ¨ ©¥
‡e‰ ‡¯B ¨ ,„‡Ó Ÿ § Ïl‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„‚¨ Èkö¦ :¯˜Á ¤ ¥ Ôȇ¥ B˙l„‚Ï ¨ ª§ ¦ §
¯L¤ ‡£ø :Ìȉχ-Ïk-Ïr¦ Ÿ ¡ ¨ © IB„b¨ CÏÓe ¤ ¤ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„b¨ χ¥ Èk÷¦ :Ìȉχ-Ïk-Ir ¦Ÿ ¡ ¨ ©
‡G ÈÓù¦ :E˙¯e·‚Π¤ Ÿ § ¦ § EÈNrÓÎ ¤ £ © § ‰NrÈ-¯L‡ ¤ £ © ¤ £ ı¯‡·e ¤ ¨ ¨ ÌÈÓMa ¦ © ¨ © χ-ÈÓ ¥ ¦
Ì˙eÎÏÓ-Ïηe
¨ § © ¨ § ÌÈBb‰ ¦ © ÈÓÎÁ-Ïη ¥ § © ¨ § Èk¦ ,‰˙‡È ¨ ¨ ¨ Eϧ Èk¦ ÌÈBb‰ ¦ © CÏÓ ¤ ¤ E‡¯È £ ¨¦
Eϧà :‰¯e·‚a ¨ § ¦ EÓL § ¦ ÏB„‚ ¨ § ‰z‡ ¨ © ÏB„b¨ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EBÓk¨ Ôȇ¥ Óú¥ :EBÓk¨ ÔÈ‡Ó ¥ ¥
‰z‡ ¨ © ,‰ÏÈI ¨ § ¨ EI-Û‡ § © ÌBÈ Eϧá :EÈÓÈ ¤ ¦ § Ìe¯z¨ E„ȧ ¨ ÊÚz Ÿ ¨ ,‰¯e·b-Ìr ¨ § ¦ rB¯Ê © §
:BÏ Ìȯ‰ ¦ ¨ ˙ÙrB˙ Ÿ £ § ,ı¯‡-ȯ˜ÁÓ ¤ ¨ ¥ § § ¤ B„Èa ¨ § ¯L ¤ ‡£â :LÓL ¤ ¨ ¨ ¯B‡Ó¨ ˙BÈΉ ¨ ¦£
‰l„b‰
¨ ª § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Eϧä :B˙J‰z-Ïk ¨ ¦ § ¨ rÈÓLÈ © ¦ § © ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ˙B¯e·b§ IlÓÈ ¥ © § ÈÓã¦
¨Ÿ § Eϧ ,ı¯‡·e
‰Â‰È ¤ ¨ ¨ ÌÈÓMa ¦ © ¨ © ÏÎ-Èk Ÿ ¦ ,„B‰‰Â © § Áˆp‰Â © ¥ © § ˙¯‡Ùz‰Â ¤ ¤ § ¦ © § ‰¯e·b‰Â ¨ §©§
Ï·z
¥ ¥ ,ı¯‡ ¤ ¨ EI-Û‡ § © ÌÈÓL ¦ © ¨ Eϧ å :L‡¯Ï Ÿ § | ÏÎÏ Ÿ § ‡O˙n‰Â ¥ © § ¦ © § ,‰ÎIÓn‰ ¨¨ § © ©
Û¯Á¤Ÿ ¨ ıȘ ¦ © ,ı¯‡ ¤ ¨ ˙BÏe·b-Ïk § ¨ z·v‰ ¨ § © ¦ ‰z¨ ‡©æ :Ìz„ÒÈ ¨ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ © d‡ÏÓe ¨Ÿ §
:ÌÈiˆÏ ¦ ¦ § ÌrÏ © § IÎ‡Ó ¨ £ © epzz ¤ § ¦ ,Ô˙ÈÂÏ ¨ ¨ § ¦ ÈL‡¯ ¥ ¨ zˆv¯ ¨ § © ¦ ‰z¨ ‡ç© :Ìz¯ˆÈ ¨ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ ©
¨ § © ‰z¨ ‡è© :Ô˙ȇ
z¯¯BÙ ¨ ¥ ˙B¯‰ £ © zL·B‰
¨ § © ‰z‡ ¨ © ,ÏÁÂ © ¨ ¨ ÔÈrÓ¨ § © zr˜· ¨ § © ¨ ‰z‡ ¨ ©
êÊÚ·
:„ ˜ Ì˘ (‰ : ‰ˆ Ì˘ („ :Ë ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚Î ÂÒ ‰ÈÚ˘È (· :‚ ‰Ò ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
Á ‰ Ì˘ (Î :Ë Âˆ Ì˘ (È :Ë Ì˘ (Ë :‰ ˈ Ì˘ (Á :Ê ·Ï˜ Ì˘ (Ê :·-‡ „Ϙ Ì˘ (Â
:‰ Á˜ Ì˘ (Ú :È ÂÙ Ì˘ (Ò :Ê Ì˘ ( :Ë ËÙ Ì˘ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ÁϘ Ì˘ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
:Â Ì˘ (˙ :Ê È ‰ÈÓ¯È (˘ :„Î ‚ Ìȯ·„ (¯ :‚ ‰ˆ Ì˘ (˜ :„ ˆ Ì˘ (ˆ :‚ ‰Ó˜ Ì˘ (Ù
:‡È ËÎ ‡-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ (‰ :· ˜ Ì˘ („ :„ ‰ˆ Ì˘ (‚ :ÊË „Ú Ì˘ (· :„È ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (‡
:‚È Ì˘ (Ë :ÂË-„È Ì˘ (Á :ÊÈ „Ú Ì˘ (Ê :·È ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (Â
 È˘˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 99
,Ìi‰
¨ © ˙e‡‚a ¥ § ÏLBÓ ¥ ‰z¨ ‡à© :ÌÈn‰-Ïr
¦ ¨ © © ÌÈÈp˙ ¦ ¦ © ÈL‡¯
¥ ¨ z¯aL ¨ § © ¦ ,ÌȨ Efr· §¨ §
¥ Ÿ ¡ ¯Èra
eȉχ ¦ § ,„‡Ó Ÿ § ÏJ‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„bá̈ :ÌÁaL˙ ¥ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ © ÂÈl‚ ¨ © ‡BNa§
¦ Ÿ ¡ ¨ ‡e‰-‰z‡
Ìȉχ‰ ¨ © ÌÈ·¯k‰ ¦ ª § © ·LÈ ¥ Ÿ χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ È⧠:BL„˜-¯‰ §¨ ©
e„BÈä§ :ÂÈ·È·Ò-Ïk-Ïr
¨ ¦ § ¨ © ‡¯B ¨ § ,‰a¯ ¦Ÿ §
¨ © ÌÈL„˜-„BÒa § ı¯r ¨ £ © χ㥠:Ec·Ï ¤©§
¨Ÿ © ‰p¯
,‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨ § © § eÎϧ å :ÌÈL„˜ ¦ Ÿ § ω˜a © § ¦ E˙eÓ‡-Û‡§ ¨ ¡ © ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § E‡Ït £ § ¦ ÌÈÓL ¦© ¨
˜„¤ ˆ¤æ :BÏ rȯ © ¦ ¨ ˙B¯ÓÊa ¦ § ¦ ,‰„B˙a ¨ § ÂÈÙ ¨ ¨ ‰Óc˜ ¨ § © § :erLÈ ¥ § ¦ ¯eˆÏ§ ‰rȯ ¨ ¦¨
˜ÈzÓ¦ § © ÂcÁÈ ¨ § © ¯L ¤ ‡£ç :EÈÙ ¤ ¨ eÓc˜È § © § ˙Ӈ ¤ ¡ ¤ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ,E‡Òk ¤ § ¦ ÔBÎÓ§ ËtLÓe ¨ § ¦
˙LaÈÂ
¤ ¤ © § ,e‰Nr ¨ ¨ ‡e‰Â§ Ìi‰ ¨ © BÏ-¯L ¤ ‡£è :L‚¯a ¤ ¨ § Cl‰¥ © § Ìȉχ ¦ Ÿ ¡ ˙È·a ¥ § ,„BÒ
CϨ ‰ÓLp‰ ¨ ¨ § © :Lȇ-¯Na-Ïk ¦ © § ¨ Áe¯Â © § ,ÈÁ-Ïk ¨ ¨ LÙ ¤ ¤ B„Èa ¨ § ¯L ¤ ‡£é :e¯ˆÈ ¨ ¨ ÂȄȨ¨
‰Nr¥ £ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èë§ ,ClL ¨ ¤ Ûeb‰Â © § CI¨ ‰ÓLp‰ ¨ ¨ § © :CÏÓr ¨ ¨ £ Ïr© ‰ÒeÁ ¨ ,CÏrt
¨ ¢ ¨ Ûeb‰Â ©§
„B·k§ ¯e·ra £ © :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èë§ EÓL § ¦ Ïr© e‡˙‡ ¨ ¨ :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ ©©§
¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒÂ
Èk¦ eÂrÏ ¨ § © ¨ § ,‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § EÓL-Ôr§ ¦ © ÓÏ î© § :EÓL ¤ § ÌeÁ¯Â © § ÔepÁ-χ© ¥ Èk ì ¦ ,EÓL § ¦
:‡e‰-·¯©
.eÈ‚L
¦ ¨ ezÏe‡ Ÿ § Èk¦ ,eÈ·‡
¥ § © ¦ ·¯a ¦ ¨ eÏ-ÁÏÒ
¨ © §
¥Ÿ £ ea¯© Èk¦ ,ekÏÓ
:eÈÂr ¥ § © eI-ÏÁÓ
¨ © §
ÌÈrL¦ ¨ § ¦ e‡¨ EÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ïr¤ § ¦ © § .ÌÈÁeË· ¦ § e‡¨ ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr¤ £ © © iMð¦
CÏÓ
¤ ¤ ‡e‰ ‰z‡ ¨ © :ÌÈtˆÓ ¦ © § e‡¨ E˙reLÈÏÂ
§ ¨ ¦ § ÌÈe˜Ó
¦ © § e‡¨ EÈ˙BÁÈÏÒϤ ¦ §¦§
˙¯Bk ¥ .Âȇ¯È ¨ ¥ § ˙‡hÁ Ÿ © ¯ÈÒÓe ¦ ¥ ,Bnr© ˙BÂr Ÿ £ ¯È·rÓ ¦ £ © .Ì„wÓ ¤ ¤ ¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ·‰B ¥ ‡ñ
Ôra
© £ © z„¯iL¨ § © ¨ ¤ ‡e‰ ‰z¨ ‡ò© :ÌÈB¯Á‡Ï ¦ £ © ¨ ‰re·L ¨ § Ìi˜Óe ¥ © § ,ÌÈBL‡¯I¦ ¦ ¨ ˙ȯa ¦§
-˙BÁ¯‡Â § ¨ § .Ec·r ¤ § © ‰LÓÏ ¤ Ÿ § E·eË § Èί„¥ § © ˙ȇ¯‰Â
¨ ¥ § ¤ § ÈÈÒ © ¦ ¯‰-Ïr © © E„B·k ¤ §
ÌÈt‡¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χô¥ ‰z‡ ¨ © Èk¦ Bzr„B‰Â § © § .BÏ ˙Èlb ¨ ¦ ¦ EÈ„ÒÁ ¤¨ £
ÔÎÂ¥ § :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ ˙cÓa © ¦ § Blkª ÌÏBÚ‰ ¨ ¨ ‚ȉÓe ¦ § © .·ÈˉI ¦ ¥ § ‰a¯Óe ¤ § © „ÒÁ-·¯Â ¤ ¤ ©§
‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ÌL· ¥ § È˙‡¯˜Â¦ ¨ ¨ § EÈt-Ïr¤ ¨ © È·eË-Ïk ¦ ¨ ¯È·r‡ ¦ £ © È‡ ¦ £ ¯Ó‡i ¤ Ÿ Âö© ,·e˙k¨
:ÌÁ¯‡¥ © £ ¯L‡-˙‡
¤ £ ¤ ÈzÓÁ¯Â ¦ § © ¦ § ÔÁ‡ Ÿ ¨ ¯L‡-˙‡ ¤ £ ¤ È˙pÁ ¦ Ÿ © § ,EÈÙÏ
¤¨§
C¯„ ¤ ¤ § ,˙‡¯˜¨ ¥ § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ Ïr© ·e ©÷ ‰z‡ ¨ © ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯¤ ‡¤ô l`¥
Ÿ § ¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁÂ
ÌBi‰© ¯kÊz ¤ ¨ £ © EÈÓÁ¯
¤ £ © ˙l„b
© ª § :˙ȯB‰
¨ ¥ ‰·eLz ¨ §
‰z‡
¨ © Èk¦ ,ÌÈÓÁ¯a¦ £ © § eÈI‡
¥ ¥ ÔÙz
¤ ¥ :EÈ„È„È
¤ ¦ § Ú¯ÊÏ
© ¤ § ÌBÈ-Iηe
¨ §
,Ìc˜
¥ © § EÈt ¤ ¨ ‰JÙ˙·e
¨ ¦ § ¦ ÔeÁ˙a
£ © § :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰
¦ £ © ¨ Ïra © © ‡e‰
˙ڄ‰Î
Ì˘ (‰ :Á ËÙ ÌÈω˙ („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ËÈ ·-ÌÈÎÏÓ (‚ :· ÁÓ Ì˘ (· :È ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
‰ÈÓ¯È (Î :È ·È ·Âȇ (È :‰ ‰ˆ Ì˘ (Ë :ÂË ‰ Ì˘ (Á :ÂË ËÙ Ì˘ (Ê :·-‡ ‰ˆ Ì˘ ( :Â
Ù"Ú (Ò :ÁÈ Ë Ï‡È„ Ù"Ú ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡È ‰Î ÌÈω˙ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡Ï Ë ‰ÈÓÁ (Ï :Ê „È
:ÂË ,Ê ‰·¯ ˙ω˜ (˜ :ËÈ ‚Ï Ì˘ (ˆ :Â Ì˘ (Ù :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ ‰‡¯ (Ú :Ê ‡È ÌÈω˙
È˘˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 100
E˙¯B˙a
§ ¨ § BÓk§ ,·eL Et‡ § © ÔB¯Á£ Ó¥à :Ì„wÓ¤ ¤ ¦ ÂrÏ
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © §
¨Ÿ § „¯i
‰Â‰È ¤ ¥Ââ© ÌBÈk§ ,ÔBI˙Â
¨ § ¦ § ‰ÒÁ ¤ ¡ ¤ EÈÙk
¤ ¨ § Iˆ¥ ·e ᧠:·e˙k¨
Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙i ¥ © § ¦ Ââ© ÌBÈk§ ,ÌL‡
¨ ¨ ‰ÁÓ˙¤ § ¦ § ÚLt-Ir
© ¤ © ¯·r Ÿ £ zã© :Ôra
¨¨ ¤
‡¯˜i¨ § ¦ Ââ© ÌBÈk§ ,¯Ó‡Ó ¨ £ © epÓ¤ ·ÈL˜˙ ¦ § © § e˙rÂL
¥ ¨ § © ÔÈʇz ¦ £ © :ÌL ¨
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § ,‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ÌL¥ ·1§
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰

‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Âä©
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âå§
¨ © kæ¦ :erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨ © § ·BË È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
˜„ˆa
¤ ¤ § EÓL· § ¦ § ‡¯B˜-ÔÈ¥ ‡è¥ :Ôȇ ¦ ¨ Ì„‡a ¨ ¨ ¨ ¯LȨ ¨ § ı¯‡‰-ÔÓ
¤ ¨ ¨ ¦ „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ ca© `ç̈
eqÙ-Èk
© ¦ „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ ¯Ó‚-Èk
© ¨ ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰rÈLB ¨ ¦ ‰é :Ca¨ ˜ÈÊÁ‰I ¦ £ © § ¯¯BÚ˙Ó¥ § ¦
¦ kì¦ :¯B‡-‰‡¯
-Ìr-È ¤ § ¦ E¯B‡a
§ § ÌÈiÁ ¦ © ¯B˜Ó§ Enr-È § ¦ kë¦ :Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ÈaÓ
¥ § ¦ ÌÈeÓ‡
¦ ¡
¨ Ÿ Ÿ £ ÏkÓ
:ÂÈ˙Âr Ÿ ¦ χ¯NÈ-˙‡
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¤ ‰cÙÈ ¤ § ¦ ‡e‰Â§ :˙e„Ù§ Bnr¦ ‰a¯‰Â ¥ § © § ,„ÒÁ‰ ¨Ÿ §
¤ ¤ © ‰Â‰È
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ Ï©ð :eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr ¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mî§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èñ§ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί·¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr § © ©
¨Ÿ Èô§ :Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡ ¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ òȧ :‰IÒ ¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰
¨ ¦

‰˙‡N
¨ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡ÎÂ
¤ £ © § .EcÒÁ ¤Ÿ § ‰f‰
¤ § © Ï„‚k ¤ © Ìr‰ Ÿ £ © ‡-ÁÏ
¨ ¨ ÔÂrÏ ¨ © Òö§
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § :‰p‰-„rÂ
¨ ¥ © § ÌȯˆnÓ
¦ © § ¦ ¦ ‰f‰
¤ © ÌrÏ̈¨
¯Ó‡ÈÂ
:ÁÈ Ê ‰ÎÈÓ Ù"Ú („ :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‚ :Á ÂÏ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·È ·Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:(ÈÂÈ˘·)  „Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ë :· Ì˘ ‰ÎÈÓ (Á :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (Ê :Ë Ì˘ ( :Ê-Â Ì˘ ˙ÂÓ˘ (‰
:Á ÂÓ Ì˘ (Ò :Ë ‚ Ì˘ ( :‚È ‚˜ Ì˘ (Ó :Á-Ê Ï˜ Ì˘ (Ï :È ÂÏ Ì˘ (Î :· ·È ÌÈω˙ (È
:ËÈ „È ¯·„Ó· (ˆ :È Î Ì˘ (Ù :‚È „Ù Ì˘ (Ú
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
‡ È˘˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 101

:LxacM
¤ ¨ § ¦ iYglq
¦ § © ¨ dedi
¨Ÿ § xn`I
¤ Ÿ eà©
¯Èr‰Â ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ‰‡¯e
¦ ¨ § ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ¥ § EÈÈr¤ ¥ Á˜t© § ,ÚÓLe
¨ § Eʇ § § ¨ | ȉχ© Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰á©
ÌÈIÈtÓ
¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ir
¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ | Èk¦ ,‰ÈÏr¨ ¤ ¨ EÓL § ¦ ‡¯˜-¯L‡
¨§¦ ¤ £
,‰ÁÏÒ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr
¤ £ © © Èk¦ ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § eÈeÁz
¥ £ ©
‡¯˜
¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk
§ ¦ ¦ ,ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ErÓÏ
§ © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ
© © § © ,‰Nr ¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰
¨ ¦ § © È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © © § E¯Èr-Ïr
§ ¦ ©
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
Ìc˜‡
¥ © £ ¯BÓL‡ § ¤ ‰lÙ˙a ¨ ¦ § ¦ .¯¯BÚ˙‡ ¥ § ¤ Ca¨ ˜ÈÊÁ‰ ¦ £ © ϧã EÓL· § ¦ § `xw ¨ § `¤â
Èz˜c˜c
¦ § © § ¦ .¯¯·Ï ¥ ¨ § IÏÓ ¤ ¤ ‰·˙ ¨ ¥ Èt ¥ § ÈzLb ¦ § © .¯¯BÚ‡ ¥ £ ¯ÁL ©©
‡Bه¥ § .ÈcL © © ÈrÈ ¦ ¥ £ © ÈÈʇÈ
¦ ¥ ¦ £ © ÈÂz ¦ ¨ Ô‰¥ :¯¯‚Ï ¥ ¨ § È˙ÙN © ¨ § Ï„© ÈίrÓ ¥ §© ©
etÁ© .È„arÓ © ¨ § © ËLB˜Â § § § ¯Ó‡È © Ÿ ÈaI ¦ ¦ È˙Èk ¦ ¦ Êä¦ .È„k © § ‰i‡Â ¥ © § Ôe‚‰¨ rÈbÙÓ
© ¦§ ©
·LÁÈ
¥ ¨ ¥ .ÈeJÎÏ ¦ § ‡G§ IBÓb§ ÌÈ·iÁÏ ¦ ¨ © § ‰·BË ¨ :È„È© ¨ ÈNrÓ ¥ £ © ekÊ© ÚLtÓ © ¤ ¦
.ÈeÏz¨ L‡Ÿ¯I å § Ì˙Bȉ ¨ ¡ ÛB˜Ê§ EÈÙeÙk ¤ § .ÈelÁ¦ ÁÁÈÎe © Ÿ ¦ § ÏÏÙÓ ¨ § ¦ Ôa¯˜k
¨ §¨ §
C·Ï¨ § ‰È‰ ¥ ¡ ‰¯va ¨ ¨ © ·bN ¨ § Óç¦ :ÈeÏ‚Â ¨ § ¯˙Ò ¤ ¥ ˙‡hÁ Ÿ © ‰ȇˆn˙ ¨ ¤ ¨ ¦ ‡ŸÏæ
N¯r ¤ ¤ ÚÓc © ¤ E„‡· § Ÿ § ‰ÓÈ ¨ N è¦ .‰Nk ¤ § Ác ¨ ¦ ‰l‚z ¤ © § χ© „„B ¥ .‰ÒBÁ ¤
EȯÈÒ‡¤ ¦ £ ‰È¯I ¨ ¨ § ¨ ‡ˆB‰Â ¥ § ‰ˆt ¥ § :‰ÒÁÓe ¤ £ © ÊBÚÓë̈ Ca¨ ÈϦ ÊBÚé .‰ÒÓÓ ¤ § ©
ÌÈr·B˜
¦ § ÌeÚ·˜ ¨ § .¯Èzr‰Ï ¦ § © § ¯va © © Ee‡¯˜ ¨ § Ee˜Ùc ¨ § Ee˜rˆ ¨ § .¯Èzz ¦ ©
ÔB‡Lî§ :¯ÈzÒ˙ ¦ § © EÈÙ-‰n ¤ ¨ ¨ Ϩì ËÙBL ¥ § ·¯© .¯ÈzÎÓ ¦ § © ˜Ècˆ ¦ © ÚL¯Â
¨ ¨§
EÈ„Ò ¤ ¨ Á£ð E„BÒ ¤ Èr„BÈI ¥ § § „ÈÓz ¦ ¨ .‰lΠ¥ © § ˜„‰ ¥ ¨ Ec‚ § § ¤ ‰ÏBÚ‰
¤ ¨ EÈÓ˜ ¤ ¨
„e¯È¨ § ̘‰ ¥ ¨ ÏÙL ¥ ¨ ÌB¯nÏ ¨ © .‰ÏBb ¤ ıa˜Â ¥ © § ·L‰ ¥ ¨ Ác ¨ ¦ ‡p‡¨ ¨ :‰IÙ‰¥ § ©
‰nLp¨ © § ‰ò© :‰l‡-Ìr ¤ ¥ ¦ ˙BNrÏ £ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § IÈc‚‰ ¦ § ¦ ÌÈBb·¦ © e¯Ó‡È § Ÿ ʇñ̈ .‰Ïr‰¥£©
Elˆa
§ ¦ § eÒ¨ Ïv‰ ¥ © EÈÁËBa ¤ § .˙BÒ¯‰p‰ ¨ ¡ ¤ © ÔB¯v·Ïe ¨ ¦ § Ô„rI ¤ ¥ § ‰˙ȉ̈¨§
‰k„¨ © ‰rÓL ¨ ¨ § :˙BNrÏ £ © ¯·c‰ ¨ ¨ © EÈÏr ¤ ¨ Lwa ¥ © Ì˙ÙÈ„¯ ¨ ¨ ¦ § .˙BÒÁ‰I ¨¥§
ÔBÈÙ¯§ ¦ ˜fÁ ¥ © .BÁÈN ¦ CÙL ¤ ¤ Âö§ ÂȯӇ ¨ ¨ £ ÔBˆ¯Ï ¨ § eȉ§ Èô¦ .BÁe¯ ÛËr ¤ ¥ ‰ËÈa¨ ¦
„ÈbÓe
¦ © Áe¯ © ‡¯B·e¥ Ìȯ‰ ¦ ¨ ¯ˆBÈ ¥ ‰p‰ ¥ ¦ Èk÷¦ .BÁȯ‰Ï ¦ § © § ÏLBk ¤ ın‡Â
¥ ©§

Ï-‡
:BÁO-‰Ó¥ © Ì„‡Ï ¨¨§
Î ÈÏ˘Ó (‰ :(ÈÂÈ˘·)  „Ò Ì˘ („ :„ ‰Ó ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (‚ :ËÈ-ÁÈ Ë Ï‡È„ (· :Î „È ¯·„Ó· (‡ ‡"Â˙
Ë Â Ì˘ (Ë :È Ë ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (Á :Î  ‰ÈÓ¯È Ù"Ú (Ê :Ë ,‡ ‰·¯ ¯·„Ó· Ù"Ú ( :Ë
:‚Î „Ú Ì˘ (Ó :‰Î „Ó ÌÈω˙ (Ï :ÊË „ χÂÈ Ù"Ú (Î :(ÈÂÈ˘·)  „Ù Ì˘ (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
Ì˘ Ù"Ú (ˆ :ÂË ËÈ ÌÈω˙ (Ù :‰Ï ÂÏ Ï‡˜ÊÁÈ Ù"Ú (Ú :· ÂΘ Ì˘ (Ò :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ê ÊÈ Ì˘ (
:‚È „ ÒÂÓÚ (˜ :‡ ·˜
È˘˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 102
ÏÁBÓ
¥ ,˙e„ÈÒÁa ¦ £ © ‚‰˙Óe¥ © § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © ‡qk ¥ ¦ Ïr© ·LB ¤ ¤ l`¥
¥ Èà CÏÓ
‰IÈÁÓ
¨ ¦ § ‰a¯Ó
¤ § © ,ÔBL‡¯¦ ÔBL‡¯¦ ¯È·r ¦ £ Ó©á ,Bnr© ˙BÂrŸ£
¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ Ìr¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ‰N ¤ ŸÚâ ,ÌÈrLBtI
¦ § © ‰ÁÈÏÒe ¨ ¦ § ÌȇËÁÏ
¦ ¨£©
LGL§ ¯ÓBÏ © el¨ ˙ȯB¨ ¥ ‰ã I‡¥ .ÏBÓ‚z § ¦ Ì˙r¯Î ¨ ¨ ¨ § ‡ÏŸ ,Áe¯Â
© §
ÂrI
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © § ,‰¯Nr ¥ § ¤ LŸÏL§ ˙ȯa ¦ § ÌBi‰© eI-¯ÎÊ ¨ ¨ § ,‰¯Nr¥§ ¤
ÌL¨ Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙iÂ
¥ © § ¦ © Ôra¨ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § „¯i ¤ ¥Âä© ·e˙kL ¨ ¤ BÓk§ ,Ì„wÓ¤¤ ¦
¨Ÿ § ÌL
:‰Â‰È ¥ ·1§ ‡¯˜i ¨ § ¦©
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰
‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Â©å
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âæ§
¨ © kç¦ :erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨Ÿ £
¨ © § ·BË È„‡
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ Ï©é :eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mè§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èë§ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί·
¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr§ © ©
¨Ÿ îȧ :Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡
¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨Ÿ Èì§ :‰IÒ
¨ § ‰Â‰ Ÿ £ © ȉχ
¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ ¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰
¨ ¦
‰˙‡N
¨ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡ÎÂ
¤ £ © § .EcÒÁ ¤Ÿ § ‰f‰
¤ § © Ï„‚k ¤ © Ìr‰ Ÿ £ © ‡-ÁÏ
¨ ¨ ÔÂrÏ ¨ © Òð§
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § :‰p‰-„rÂ
¨ ¥ © § ÌȯˆnÓ
¦ © § ¦ ¦ ‰f‰
¤ © ÌrÏ̈¨
:LxacM
¤ ¨ § ¦ iYglq
¦ § © ¨ dedi
¨Ÿ § xn`I
¤ Ÿ eñ©
¯Èr‰Â ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ‰‡¯e
¦ ¨ § ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ¥ § EÈÈr
¤ ¥ Á˜t
© § ,ÚÓLe
¨ § Eʇ © Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰ò©
§ § ¨ | ȉχ
¯˘‡
‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ‰‡¯ („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·)  ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :‡ ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ (· : ,ËÎ ‰·¯ ‡¯˜È (‡ ‡"Â˙
‚ Ì˘ (È :‚È ‚˜ Ì˘ (Ë :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (Á :Ë Ì˘ (Ê :Ê-Â Ì˘ ( :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‰ :· ,ÊÈ
Ë Ï‡È„ (Ú :Î Ì˘ (Ò :ËÈ „È ¯·„Ó· ( :È Î Ì˘ (Ó :‚È „Ù Ì˘ (Ï :Á ÂÓ Ì˘ (Î :Ë
:ËÈ-ÁÈ
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
· È˘˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 103
ÌÈÏÈtÓ
¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ïr
¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ | Èk¦ ,‰ÈÏr¨ ¤ ¨ EÓL § ¦ ‡¯˜-¯L‡
¨§¦ ¤ £
,‰ÁÏÒ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr
¤ £ © © Èk¦ ,EÈÙϤ ¨ § eÈeÁz
¥ £ ©
‡¯˜
¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk
§ ¦ ¦ ,ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ErÓÏ
§ © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ
© © § © ,‰Nr ¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰
¨ ¦ § © È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © © § E¯Èr-Ïr
§ ¦ ©
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
.E˙ȯ·¤ ¦ § È˙¯Bk ¥ § Ú¯ÊÏ © ¤ § ˙B‡¯B ¨ E˙BNr § £ aá© .E˙¯e·‚e ¤ Ÿ § E˙‡˜ § ¨ § ¦ dI¥ `©à
eeIra ¨ § eȉG‡ ¥ ¡ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ È⧠.E˙IÁpÓ ¤ ¨ £ © ¦ eÁ‡ § © £ ÌÈLeË ¦ § ÌÈLe¯b ¦ §
ÏBÚ ÌÈÏ·Bq‰ ¦ § © .„‡ÓI Ÿ § ¦ „r© ‰Ï„b ¨ § ¨ Eir ¤ ¦ £ ˙‚‡c © £ © :E˙ÏeÊ ¤ ¨ ÌÈB„‡ ¦ £
¯‰¥ Óã© .„‡Ó Ÿ § „r© ÌÈÏtLÓe ¦ ¨ § ª ÌÈÁL ¦ ¨ ̉ ¥ § .„‡ÓeŸ § LÙ ¤ ¤ ¨ ·Ia ¥ § E‡¯BÓ£ ¨
ÌBÈ ÌÈÙ¯ÁÓ ¦ § ¨ § ÈtÓ¥ § ¦ ‰BL ¤ eÂÈÊ
¥ ¦ :„‡Ó Ÿ § eBlc© Èk¦ EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © eeÓc˜È §©§
‰lb¥ © EzILÓÓ § § © § ¤ ÒkË ¤ ¤ .ÌBi‰© ‰Ê¤ C‡© ÌÈÁÁBN ¦ £ § ÔL ¥ ÌȘ¯BÁ ¦ § .ÌBÈ
Èk¦ .‰ÓÁ ¨ ¨ ¤ § ‰J‡b¨ ª § ı˜¥ eÏÁÈ § © ¦ :ÌBi‰-ÏÎ © ¨ e‚¯B‰ § © EÈÏr-È ¤ ¨ kä¦ .ÌBȇ¨
„È© ˙Áz © © ÌÈ„e·r ¦ £ © ÌȈeÁÏ ¦ § .‰nÏÎ ¨ ¦ § e˙Ër § © ¨ § ‰Le· ¨ e˙qÎ
§© ¦
EÈÓÁ¯¤ £ © ¯BÎÊæ§ ÌÈÎÏÓ ¦ ¨ § CÏÓ ¤ ¤ :‰Ó-„r ¨ © r„BÈ © ¥ ez‡ ¨ ¦ Ôȇ¥ Âå§ .‰Óe‡-Ïk
¨ ¨
ÔaÏ
¥ © Ì˙Áˆ ¨ ¨ £ © ·‡Ò © © .ÌÈLr‰ ¦ ¥ £ ¨ ÌÈ„e‡Ó ¦ ¥ ËlÓ ¥ © E„eÁÈ ¤ ¦ ȯˆB¥ § .ÌÈLȉ ¦¨ §©
¦ © Ïrç© :ÌÈBL‡¯
ÔBiˆ-¯‰ ¦ ¦ ˙BÂr Ÿ £ eÏ-¯kÊz
¨ ¨ § ¦ χ㩠.ÌÈMk ¦ ¨ © Úl˙Ó‰ ¨ ª § ©
e‰eÓÓL ¨ § ¯L‡ ¤ £ Ìȯˆ ¦ ¨ .ÌÓBzLÈ ¥ § ¦ Èa¦ I¦ Âè§ ÌÈLe·k ¦ § Èt © ¨ .ÌÓML ¥ ¨ ¤
ʇÓ
¨ ¥ ‰˜p‰ ¨ § ¦ © ÔÈ˜
© § ¦ :ÌÓM‰ ¥ ¨ © ELc˜Ó-Ïr § ¨ § ¦ © EÈt ¤ ¨ ¯‡‰ ¥ ¨ Âé§ .ÌÓÈL‡‰
¥ ¦ £©
ÔkL
¥ ¤ .E˙l‰˙ ¤ ¨ ¦ § ‡È‰Â ¦ § ˙ÈÁLz ¦ § © χ © § ÌÁ¯ ¥ © .Ez¯‡Ùz ¤ § © § ¦ ÌLÏ ¥ §
Ÿ § Et¯È
‡Ï § § © ‡Ï Ÿ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ Èkë¦ .E˙Èa ¤ ¥ ÔÓ‡ © ¡ ¤ eÁÈË·‰
¨ ¦ § ¦
¨ ¨ § ¯B‡î̈ .‰˜˜eÁÓ
ÂÈ„IÈ ¨ ¨ § E‡ÒÎ £ § ¦ aì§ Ìz¨ ˙È·z ¦ § © ¯BkÊz § ¦ :E˙ÈÁLÈ ¤ ¦ § ©
Ÿ ¨ ‡NB
ÔÂr ¥ ñ .‰w ¥ © Ì˙B‡ ¨ ̇ȈӉ
¥ ¦ § © ÚLÈ © ¤ .‰˜L˙ ¤ § © EÈ„r ¤ ¨ £ ÏÁp © © Óð¦
:‰w ¥ © Âò§ ÚLt-Ïr
© ¤ © ¯·BÚÂ ¥ §
‰·ÈL˜¨ ¦ § ‰©÷ È˙˜rˆ ¦ ¨ £ © .È˙pˆÂ ¦ ¨ ¦ § Èp‚ ¦ ¦ Óö̈ ,ÔBÈÏr § ¤ ¯˙Òa ¤ ¥ § aWF ¥ iô
.È˙˜z
¦ ¨ § ¦ Ôz¥ LB„˜¨ ,È˙‡hÁ-˙‡
¦ ¨ © ¤ ‡hÁ ¥ © .È˙p¯
¦ ¨ ¦ ‰Èʇ‰Â
¨ ¦£ © §
:È˙Lw·a
¦ ¨ ¨ © § ÈnrÂ
¦ © § È˙χLa ¦ § ©ø
¦ ¨ ¥ § ¦ ÈLÙ
‰˜„ˆ
Ì˘ ( :‚Î „Ó Ì˘ (‰ :Á ËÚ ÌÈω˙ („ :‚È ÂÎ Ì˘ (‚ :· „Ò Ì˘ (· :ÂË ‚Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È (‡ ‡"Â˙
:ÊÈ Ë Ï‡È„ (È :„ ‚Ó˜ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (Ë :ÁÈ ‰ ‰Îȇ (Á : ‰Î Ì˘ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë „Ú
:Ë ÂÏ Ì˘ Ù"Ú ( :‰ ÂÚ ÌÈω˙ (Ó :· ,‡ˆ ÔÈÏÂÁ .· ,· ‰·¯ ‰Îȇ (Ï :‡Ï „ Ìȯ·„ (Î
:‡ ÊÈ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (˜ :· ‰Ï Ì˘ Ù"Ú (ˆ :‡ ‡ˆ ÌÈω˙ (Ù :Ê „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ú :ÁÈ Ê ‰ÎÈÓ (Ò
:‚ Ê ¯˙Ò‡ (¯
È˘˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 104
© kঠ,EÓL
eqÙ-È ¤ § ÔrÓÏ© © § LB„˜¨ .EnrÏ ¤ © § ‰Nr ¥ £ ‰˜„ˆ
¨ ¨§
‰zr
¨ © ÔÎÏ¥ ¨ .EÓÁI
¤ § © ÈLÈbÓe
¥ ¦ © ,EÓrÊ
¤ £ © ȯȷrÓ
¥ ¦ £ © .EÈÓÈÓz
¤ ¦ §
.È˙‡·
¦ ¨
:È˙Lw·a
¦ ¨ ¨ © § ÈnrÂ
¦ © § È˙χLa ¦ § á©
¦ ¨ ¥ § ¦ ÈLÙ

ÌÈ˜Ê
¦ ¥ § ˜„ˆÂ
¤ ¤ § .ÏÈψk
¦ ¨ § eÎىȧ ¨ ¥ ÌȨ § ,ÏÈψz
¦ § © ȯeÚ© § ˙‡h Ÿ Á©â
,ÏÈIr·k
¦ £ © § Èwz
¦ ¥ © § ˙r ¥ § .ÏÈIÎz
¦ § © ÌȇÎ ¦ ¥ § ˙rÂLÂ
© § © § ,ÏÈÏÒz
¦ § ©
.È˙‡·
¦ ¨ ‰p‰ ¥ ¦ ‰zr ¨ © .ÏÈÏk¦ ¨ EI§ ÈaÏ ¦ ¦ Èk¦ ,ÏÈÏÈÈ
¦ ¥ § ʇ¨ ÈÈËÒÓ
¦ ¦ § ©
:È˙Lw·a
¦ ¨ ¨ © § ÈnrÂ
¦ © § È˙χLa
¦ ¨ ¥ § ¦ ÈLÙ
¦ §©

.Èrz
¦ ¥ £ © ErÓLa£ § ¨ § ,ÈB¯‚a
¦ § ¦ ȘrÊ ¦ £ © ÏB˜Ï§ .ÈpÁ¦ ¥ ¨ ÈÁ© ÔepÁ©
.È˙˜„ˆ ¦ ¨ § ¨ Â㧠.È·zÎz
¦ ¨ § ¦ Èa-‰˙r ¦ ¥ § § ¦ ÌÈiÁ¦ © ,Èa¯z
¦ ¥ § © E˙ÁÈÏÒ
§ ¨ ¦ §
:È˙Lw·a
¦ ¨ ¨ © § ÈnrÂ
¦ © § È˙χLa
¦ ¨ ¥ § ¦ ÈLÙ
¦ §©

ÔBÁ .‰rÈÙB‰
¨ ¦ EÏe·fÓe
§ § ¦ ,‰rȯΉ
¨ ¦ § © ˙BiÎʦ ¨ § ,‰rÈLB‰
¨ ¦ ¦ ¥ ‰Ê¤ä
Èχ
Ôt¤å ,‰rÈLÙ‰lÓ § Ÿ .‰rÈÏ·‰
¨ ¦ § © § ¦ E‡ˆ ¨ ¦ § © ÈLIÓe
¦ § ¨ § ,‰rBÒ ¨ § ‰¯rBÒ
¨£
.Èz„ÏBÓ
¦ §© © § ¨ aæ§ .‰r¯·
Ô„·‡ ¨ ¨ § ‰‡¯‡ ¤ §¤
:È˙Lw·a
¦ ¨ ¨ © § ÈnrÂ
¦ © § È˙χLa
¦ ¨ ¥ § ¦ ÈLÙ
¦ §©

,EÈLB„˜
¤ § ÌÈB¯‰‡Â
¦ £ © § ,ELc˜Ó·
¤ ¨ § ¦ § eÏlÁ § ¦ .EL„˜
¤ § ¨ ÌL ¥ Lc˜
¥©
‰rL
¥ § .EÈL„˜
¤ ¨ ¨ eqÙk © § .EÈLB„˜
¤ § eNri-‰Óe £ © © .EÈM‡ ¤ ¦ ÈLÈbÓ
¥ ¦©
.ÈzÓlL
¦ § © ¦ ̇¦ Ìȯ٠¦ ¨ kç§ .EÈLÈc˜Ó
¤ ¦ § © ‡¨
:È˙Lw·a
¦ ¨ ¨ © § ÈnrÂ
¦ © § È˙χLa
¦ ¨ ¥ § ¦ ÈLÙ
¦ §©

Ôȇ¥ Èk¦ ,EÈ„ÈrÓ


¤ ¦ § EÈ„ÁÈÓ
¤ £ © § .E„B·k
¤ § ÌL ¥ ÔrÓÏ
© © § ,EÈ„·r
¤ ¨ £ eˆ¯È
¨¥
ÌÈ·BË-È
¦ kè¦ ,EÈ„r
¤ ¨ e‡a¨ Ô‰¥ ,EÈ„·B‡ ¤§ ‡¨ Lwa ¤ © .EÈ„rÏa
¤¨§ ¦
.ÈzLwa
¦ § © ¦ EÈt
¤ ¨ .EÈ„Bc
¤

ÈϘ
:È˙Lw·a
¦ ¨ ¨ © § ÈnrÂ
¦ © § È˙χLa
¦ ¨ ¥ § ¦ ÈLÙ
¦ §©

ÂË ˙ÂÓ˘ (‰ :‚Ï Ï ˙È˘‡¯· („ :Ê ‰Î ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (‚ :‚ Ê ¯˙Ò‡ (· :· ·È ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (‡ ‡"Â˙


:· ‡ ÌÈ¯È˘‰ ¯È˘ (Ë :‚ „È Ú˘Â‰ Ù"Ú (Á : Á ¯˙Ò‡ (Ê :„Ï „Ó ˙È˘‡¯· Ù"Ú ( :·
‚ È˘˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 105
,‡¨ ‰t‰
¤ ¨ ¦ ‰·BËÏ
¨ § .‰Biˆ¨ ¦ CBz ÌÈÁÓk¦ ¥ § ,‡¨ ·¯rÈ © ¡ ¤ ÈÏB˜
¦
¥ § Óà© Ôȇa
ÔrL ¥ § ,‡¨ ‰Ù‡
¤ § ¤ ÈÓ-χ
¦ ¤ Èk¦ .‰ÈÁ ¨ ¦ £ È‡ÈˆÓ‰I
¦¥ ¦ § ©§
.ÈzÁ ©â ¨ ÌrÈÓL‰
¦ § ÏÒ ¨ © Ò᧠EÈÏÁÈÓI
¥ ¦ § © .‡-ÁÏ ¤ £ © § ¦ .‰rLÓe
¨¥ § ©
:È˙Lw·a
¦ ¨ ¨ © § ÈnrÂ
¦ © § È˙χLa ¦ § ã©
¦ ¨ ¥ § ¦ ÈLÙ

¨ ¦ § ‰©æ È˙˜rˆ
‰·ÈL˜ ¦ ¨ £ © .È˙pˆÂ ¦ ¨ ¦ § Èp‚ ¦ ¦ Óå̈ ,ÔBÈÏr § ¤ ¯˙Òa ¤ ¥ § ·LB ¥ Èä
.È˙˜z
¦ ¨ § ¦ Ôz¥ LB„˜¨ ,È˙‡hÁ-˙‡ ¦ ¨ © ¤ ‡hÁ ¥ © .È˙p¯ ¦ ¨ ¦ ‰Èʇ‰Â
¨ ¦£ © §
:È˙Lw·a
¦ ¨ ¨ © § Ènr ¦ © § È˙χLa¦ ¨ ¥ § ¦ ÈLÙ ¦ §©
ÏÁBÓ
¥ ,˙e„ÈÒÁa ¦ £ © ‚‰˙Óe¥ © § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © ‡qk ¥ ¦ Ïr© ·LB ¤ ¤ l`¥
¥ Èç CÏÓ
‰IÈÁÓ
¨ ¦ § ‰a¯Ó ¤ § © ,ÔBL‡¯¦ ÔBL‡¯¦ ¯È·r ¦ £ Óè© ,Bnr© ˙BÂr Ÿ£
¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ Ìr¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ‰N ¤ ŸÚé ,ÌÈrLBtI ¦ § © ‰ÁÈÏÒe ¨ ¦ § ÌȇËÁÏ ¦ ¨£©
LGL§ ¯ÓBÏ © ¨ ¥ ‰ë I‡¥ .ÏBÓ‚z
el¨ ˙ȯB § ¦ Ì˙r¯Î ¨ ¨ ¨ § ‡Ï Ÿ ,Áe¯Â
© §
ÂrI
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © § ,‰¯Nr ¥ § ¤ LŸÏL§ ˙ȯa ¦ § ÌBi‰© eI-¯ÎÊ ¨ ¨ § ,‰¯Nr ¥§ ¤
ÌL¨ Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙i ¥ © § ¦ © Ôra¨ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § „¯i ¤ ¥Âì© ·e˙kL ¨ ¤ BÓk§ ,Ì„wÓ ¤¤ ¦
¨Ÿ § ÌL
:‰Â‰È ¥ ·1§ ‡¯˜i ¨ § ¦©
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰

‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Âî©
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âð§
¨ © kñ¦ :erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ
¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨Ÿ £
¨ © § ·BË È„‡
ÌÁ¯Î
Ì˘ Ù"Ú ( :‡ ‡ˆ ÌÈω˙ (‰ :‚ Ê ¯˙Ò‡ („ :Î Ì˘ (‚ :ËÈ „È ¯·„Ó· (· :‡ ‚ ‰ÈÚ˘È (‡ ‡"Â˙
 ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (È :‡ ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ (Ë : ,ËÎ ‰·¯ ‡¯˜È (Á :‡ ÊÈ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Ê :· ‰Ï
ÌÈω˙ (Ò :Ë Ì˘ ( :Ê-Â Ì˘ (Ó :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ï :· ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ‰‡¯ (Î :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
:‰ ÂÙ
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
È˘˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 106
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ Ï©á :eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr ¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mà§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ È⧠:‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί· ¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr § © ©
‰Â‰¨Ÿ äȧ :Ca¨ ÁËa © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡ ¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ È㧠:‰IÒ ¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ȉχ ¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰ ¨ ¦
eBl„© Èk¦ ,EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © eeÓc˜È § © § ¯‰Ó ¥ © ,ÌÈBL‡¯ ¦ ¦ ˙BÂr Ÿ £ eÏ-¯kÊz ¨ ¨ § ¦ -l`©å
-eÏ-¯ÎÊ
¨ ¨ § EcÒÁk § § © § ¯kÊz-I‡ Ÿ § ¦ © eÈrLÙe ¥ ¨ § | eȯeÚ ¥ § ˙‡h Ÿ Á©æ :„‡Ó Ÿ §
:‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § E·eË § ÔrÓÏ© © § ,‰z‡ ¨ ©
,Enr ¤ © ÔBˆ¯a § ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § e¯Î ¥ § è̈Ê :‰n‰ ¨ ¥ ÌÏBÚÓ ¨ ¥ Èk¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁ ¤ ¨ £ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © xk Ÿ fç§
Ë·L ¤ ¥ zχb ¨ § © ¨ Ì„w ¤ ¤ ,˙È˜ ¨ ¦ ¨ | E˙„r § ¨ £ ¯Î Ÿ Êé§ :E˙reLÈa ¤¨ ¦ e„˜t ¥§¨
˙·‰‡ © £ © ,ÌÏLe¯È¦¨ ¨ § ˙aÁ © ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯BÎʧ :Ba zÎL ¨ § © ¨ | ‰Ê¤ ÔBiˆ-¯‰ ¦ © ,E˙ÏÁ ¤¨ £©
‡·-Èk
¨ ¦ dÁI ¨ § ¤ § ˙r-Èk ¥ ¦ ,ÔBiˆ¦ ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ìe˜˙¨ ‰z¨ ‡ì© :ÁˆÏ © ¤ ¨ ÁkLz-Ï © § ¦ ‡ë© ÔBiˆ¦
e¯r¨ | e¯r¨ ÌȯӇ‰ ¦ § Ÿ ¨ ,ÌILe¯È ¦¨ ¨ § ÌBÈ ˙‡¥ ,ÌB„‡¡ È·Ï ¥ § ¦ | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯Î Ÿ îʧ :„rBÓ ¥
zraL
¨ § © § ¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ EÈ„·r ¤ ¨ £ χ¯NÈÏe ¥ ¨ § ¦ § ˜ÁˆÈÏ ¨ § ¦ § ̉¯·‡I ¨ ¨ § © § ¯Î Ÿ Êð§ :da¨ „BÒȉ § © „r©
,ÌÈÓM‰
¦ ¨ ¨ © È·ÎBÎk ¥ § § ÌÎr¯Ê-˙‡ ¤ £ § © ¤ ‰a¯‡ ¤ § © ̉I‡ ¤ ¥ £ ¯a„z ¥ © § © Ca¨ ̉Ï̈ ¤
¯ÎŸ Êñ§ :ÌÏÚϨ Ÿ § eÏÁ £ ¨ § ÌÎr¯ÊÏ ¤ £ § © § Ôz‡ ¥ ¤ Èz¯Ó‡ ¦ § © ¨ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ˙‡f‰ Ÿ © ı¯‡‰-ÏΠ¤¨ ¨ ¨§
‰f‰¤ © Ìr‰ ¨ ¨ ÈL˜-I‡ ¦ § ¤ ÔÙz-I‡ ¤ ¥ © ,·˜rÈÏe Ÿ £ © § ˜ÁˆÈÏ ¨ § ¦ § ̉¯·‡I ¨ ¨ § © § EÈ„·rI ¤ ¨ £©
eχB
§ © ¯L‡ ¤ £ ,˙‡hÁ ¨ © eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ˙L˙ ¥ ¨ ‡-Ï ¨ ‡ò© :B˙‡hÁ-χ ¨ © ¤ § BÚL¯-I‡Â § ¦ ¤§
:e¯ˆBÈ ¥ § eÏ-ÁÏÒ ¨ © § e¯eˆ ¥ e‡ËÁ ¨ ¨ :e‡ËÁ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡Â ¤ £©
ۇ© § ·B˜rÈ £ © È˙ȯa-˙‡
¦ ¦ § ¤ Èz¯ÎÊ ¦ § © ¨Âô§ ,z¯Ó‡¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ˙B·‡¨ ˙ȯa ¦ § eϨ xFkf§
Ÿ § ¤ ı¯‡‰Â
:¯kʇ ¤ ¨ ¨ § ¯kʇ Ÿ § ¤ ̉¯·‡ ¨ ¨ § © È˙ȯa-˙‡ ¦ ¦ § ¤ ۇ © § ˜ÁˆÈ ¨ § ¦ È˙ȯa-˙‡ ¦ ¦§ ¤
˙ȯa ¦ § Ì‰Ï ¤ ¨ Èz¯ÎÊ ¦ § © ¨Âö§ ,z¯Ó‡ ¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ÌÈBL‡¯ ¦ ¦ ˙ȯa ¦ § eI¨ ¯BÎʧ
˙BÈ‰Ï § ¦ ÌÈBb‰
¦ © ÈÈrÏ ¥ ¥ § ,ÌȯˆÓ ¦ © § ¦ ı¯‡Ó ¤ ¤ ¥ Ì˙‡-È˙‡ˆB‰ ¨Ÿ ¦ ¥ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ,ÌÈL‡¯ ¦Ÿ ¦
Ÿ © © Â÷§ ,ezÁË·‰L
˙‡Ê-Ìb-Û‡ ¨ § © § ¦ ¤ BÓk§ enr ¨ ¦ ‰Nr ¥ £ :‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È‡ ¦ £ ÌÈ‰Ï‡Ï ¦ Ÿ ¥ Ì‰Ï ¤¨
¯Ù‰Ï
¥ ¨ § Ì˙lÎÏ ¨ Ÿ © § ÌÈzÏr‚-‡Ï ¦ § © § Ÿ § ÌÈzÒ‡Ó-‡G ¦ § © § ̉Ȥ ·È‡ ¥ §Ÿ ı¯‡a ¤ ¤ § Ì˙Bȉa ¨ § ¦
‰Ók ¨ § eÓÁ¯Â¥ £ © § e˙e·L ¥ § ·L‰ ¥ ¨ :̉ȉχ ¤ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È‡ ¦ £ Èk¦ ,Ìz‡ ¨ ¦ È˙ȯa ¦ ¦§
Eˆa˜Â
§ ¤ ¦ § ·L ¨ § ,EÓÁ¯Â ¤ £ ¦ § E˙e·L-˙‡ § § ¤ EȉG‡ ¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ·L ¨ Âø§ ,·e˙kL ¨¤
‰Ók ¨ § eÈÁc ¥ ¨ ¦ ıa˜ ¥ © :‰nL ¨ ¨ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EˆÈÙ‰ § ¦ ¡ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ÌÈnr‰-ÏkÓ ¦ ©¨ ¨ ¦
EȉG‡ ¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Eˆa˜È § ¤ © § ÌMÓ ¨ ¦ ,ÌÈÓM‰ ¦ ¨ ¨ © ‰ˆ˜a ¥ § ¦ EÁc £ © ¦ ‰È‰È-Ì ¤ § ¦ ‡ù¦ ,·e˙kL ¨¤
Ì˘ÓÂ
:Á ËÚ Ì˘ ( :È Î Ì˘ (‰ :‚È „Ù Ì˘ („ :Á ÂÓ Ì˘ (‚ :Ë ‚ Ì˘ (· :‚È ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
Ì˘ (Ï :ËÈ Ì˘ (Î :· „Ú Ì˘ (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·) „ ˜ Ì˘ (Ë :Â Ì˘ (Á :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ê ‰Î Ì˘ (Ê
ÂÎ ‡¯˜È (Ù :‡È ·È ¯·„Ó· (Ú :ÊÎ Ë Ìȯ·„ (Ò :‚È ·Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ ( :Ê ÊϘ Ì˘ (Ó :„È ·˜
:„ Ì˘ (˘ :‚ Ï Ìȯ·„ (¯ :„Ó Ì˘ (˜ :‰Ó Ì˘ (ˆ :·Ó
„ È˘˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 107
·rÎ ¨ ¨ È˙ÈÁ ¦ ¦ Óà̈ ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § ÔrΨ ¨ ¤ § ·rk ¨ ¨ eÈrLÙ ¥ ¨ § ‰ÁÓ ¥ § :EÁwÈ ¤ ¨ ¦ ÌMÓe ¨ ¦
eÈrLÙ¥ ¨ § ‰ÁÓ ¥ § :EÈzI‡‚ ¦ § © § Èk¦ ÈI‡ © ¥ ‰·eL ¨ ,EÈ˙‡hÁ¤ Ÿ © ÔrΠ¨ ¨ ¤ § EÈrLt ¤¨ §
ÈrÓÏ
¦ £ © § EÈrLÙ ¤ ¨ § ‰ÁÓ ¤ Ÿ ‡e‰ ÈÎ‡ ¦ Ÿ ¨ ÈÎ ¦ Ÿ ‡á̈ ,z¯Ó‡ ¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ErÓI §© ©§
,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § ¯ÓvΠ¤ ¤ © § ‚ÏMk ¤ ¤ © eȇËÁ ¥ ¨ £ Ôaω ¥ § © :¯kʇ Ÿ § ¤ ‡Ï Ÿ EÈ˙‡hÁ ¤ Ÿ ©§
,eÈaIȦ § © ‚ÏMk
¤ ¤ © ÌÈMk ¦ ¨ © ÌÎȇËÁ ¤ ¥ ¨ £ eȉÈ-̇ § ¦ ¦ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯Ó‡È © Ÿ ‰ÁÎe ¨ ϧâ
¨ § ¨ ¦ § ‡-eÎ
e¯‰ËÂ
¥ £ © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ˜B¯Ê§ :eÈ‰È § ¦ ¯Óvk ¤ ¤ © ÚÏBzÎ ¨ © eÓÈc‡È-̇ ¦§© ¦
ÏkÓŸ ¦ ,Ìz¯‰Ëe ¤ § © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © ÌÎÈIr ¤ ¥ £ Èz˜¯Ê ¦ § © ¨Â㧠,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ §
e˙ÈÁLz
¥ ¦ § © χ © § eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ © :ÌÎ˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ¯‰Ë‡ ¥ © £ ÌÎÈIelb-ÏkÓe¤ ¥ ¦ ¨ ¦ ÌÎÈ˙‡ÓË ¤ ¥Ÿ § ª
,E˙ÈÁLÈ
¤ ¦ § © ‡Ï Ÿ § Et¯È § § © ‡Ï Ÿ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ Èkä¦ ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ §
e··Ï-˙‡
¥¨§ ¤ ÏBÓ :Ì‰Ï ¤ ¨ ÚaL © § ¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ EÈ˙·‡ ¤ Ÿ £ ˙ȯa-˙‡ ¦ § ¤ ÁkLÈ © § ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ §
E··Ï-˙‡
§ ¨§ ¤ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏÓ¨ eå ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § EÓL-˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ‰·‰‡Ï ¨£©§
ELÙ-Ïηe
§ § © ¨ § E··I-ÏÎa § ¨ § ¨ § EȉG‡ ¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ¤ ‰·‰‡Ï ¨ £ © § ,Er¯Ê ¤ § © ··Ï-˙‡Â©§ ¤§
ÌMÓ ¨ ¦ ÌzLw· ¤ § © ¦ eæ ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § e˙Lw·a ¥ ¨ ¨ © § eϨ ‡ˆn‰ ¥ ¨ ¦ :EÈiÁ ¤ © ÔrÓÏ©©§
:ELÙ-Ïηe
¤ § © ¨ § E··Ï-ÏÎa § ¨ § ¨ § epL¯„˙ ¤ § § ¦ Èk¦ ,˙‡ˆÓe ¨ ¨ ¨ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ¤
,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § E˙lÙz ¤ ¨ ¦ § ˙È·a ¥ § eÁnN ¥ § © § EL„˜ ¤ § ¨ ¯‰-I‡ © ¤ e‡È·z ¥ ¦ §
¤ ¥Ÿ
̉È˙ÏBÚ ,È˙lÙz
¦ ¨ ¦ § ˙È·a ¥ § ÌÈzÁnN ¦ § © ¦ § ÈL„˜ ¦ § ¨ ¯‰-χ © ¤ ÌÈ˙B‡È·‰ ¦ ¦ £ Âç©
:ÌÈnr‰-ÏÎÏ
¦ © ¨ ¨ § ‡¯wÈ ¥ ¨ ¦ ‰lÙz-˙Èa
¨ ¦ § ¥ È˙È· ¦ ¥ Èk¦ ,ÈÁaÊÓ-Ïr ¦ § § ¦ © ÔBˆ¯Ï ¨ § ̉ÈÁ·Ê¤ ¥ § ¦§
:ÏÏη „Ú ‡Ï Â·ÊÚ˙ χ „Ú ,ω˜Â ÔÊÁ ,˜ÂÒÙ ¯Á‡ ˜ÂÒÙ ÌȯÓ‡ Ô¯‡‰ ÔÈÁ˙ÂÙ

Ïa˜Â
¥ © § eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯Â ¥ © § ÒeÁ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eÏB˜
¥ ÚÓL
© §
:e˙lÙz-˙‡
¥ ¨ ¦ § ¤ ÔBˆ¯·e ¨ § ÌÈÓÁ¯a ¦ £ ©§
:Ì„˜k
¤ ¤ § eÈÓÈ
¥ ¨ LcÁ ¥ © ‰·eLÂ
¨ ¨ § EÈχ ¤ ¥ | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § e·ÈL
¥ ¦ ‰£è
:epnÓ
¤ ¦ Áwz-χ
© ¦ © EL„˜ § § ¨ Áe¯Â
© § EÈÙlÓ ¥ ¦ § © ‡©é
¤ ¨ § ¦ eÎÈÏLz-Ï
:e·Êrz-χ
¥ § © © © eÁk ¥ Ÿ ˙BÏÎk § ¦ ‰˜Ê
¨ § ¦ ˙rÏ ¥ ¦ § © ‡©ë
¥ § eÎÈÏLz-Ï
‰·BËÏ
¨ § ˙B‡ enr-‰N ¨ ¦ ¥ r£î :epnÓ¤ ¦ ˜Á¯z-χ
© § ¦ © ,eȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § e·Êrz-Ï
¥ § © © ‡ì©
ð̈ £ :ezÓÁÂ
eȯ¥Ó‡ ¨ § © ¦ § ez¯Êr
¨ § © £ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰z‡-Èk
¨ © ¦ eL·È Ÿ ¥ § eȇN
¥ §Ÿ e‡¯ÈÂ
§¦ §
eaÏ
¥ ¦ ÔBÈ‚‰Â
§ ¤ § eÈÙ-ȯӇ
¦ ¥ § ¦ | ÔBˆ¯Ï ¨ § eȉ§ Èñ¦ :e‚È‚‰
¥ ¦ £ ‰Èa
¨ ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | ‰Èʇ‰ ¨ ¦£ ©
êÈÙÏ
:‡Ï „ Ìȯ·„ (‰ :‰Î ÂÏ Ï‡˜ÊÁÈ („ :ÁÈ ‡ Ì˘ (‚ :‰Î ‚Ó Ì˘ (· :·Î „Ó ‰ÈÚ˘È (‡ ‡"Â˙
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚È ‡ ÌÈω˙ (È :‡Î ‰ ‰Îȇ (Ë :Ê Â ‰ÈÚ˘È (Á :ËÎ „ Ì˘ (Ê :Â Ï Ì˘ (Â
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ‰ Ì˘ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÈ ÂÙ Ì˘ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·Î ÁÏ Ì˘ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë ‡Ú Ì˘ (Î
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ËÈ Ì˘ (Ò
È˘˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 108
¨Ÿ £ ‰r˙
È„‡ ¤ £ © ‰z‡
¨ © ,eÏÁB‰
§ ¨ ¨Ÿ § EÏ-È
‰Â‰È § kঠ:eχB‚Â
¥ £ § e¯eˆ ¨Ÿ § ,EÈÙÏ
¥ ‰Â‰È ¤¨§
:eȉG‡
¥ ¡
:Ô¯‡‰ Ôȯ‚ÂÒ

© © § ¦ © Â⧠,e˙lÙz
Ìlr˙z-χ ¥ ¨ ¦ § EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ‡B·zá̈ ,eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¥ Epidl` ¥Ÿ ¡
EÈÙI
¤ ¨ § ¯ÓBÏ
© ,Û¯Ú¤Ÿ ÈL ä§ ÌÈÙ
¥ ˜e ¦ ¨ Èf¥rã© e‡¨ ÔȇL
¥ ¤ ,e˙pÁzÓ
¥¨¦ § ¦
§ © £ Ï·¨ ‡£å ,e‡ËÁ
eÁ‡ ¨ ¨ ‡ÏŸ § eÁ‡ § © £ ÌȘÈcˆ¦ ¦ © ,eÈ˙B·‡
¥ £ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È
¨Ÿ §
:e‡Ë¨ Á1̈ eÈ˙B·‡Â
¥ £©

.e„ʧ © .erL¯ ç¦ § .eÈÂr


§ © § ‰Â ¦ ¡ ‰¤æ .ÈÙc ¦ Ÿ e¯ac§ © ¦ .eÏÊb
§ © ¨ .e„‚a§ © ¨ .EpnW § © `2̈
.eˆI
§ © .e·fk§ © ¦ .Ú¯¨ eˆrÈ § © ¨ .¯˜L ¤ ¤ eÏÙ§ © Ëè̈ .eÒÓÁ§ © ¨
.Û¯Ú¤Ÿ eÈM˜ ¦ ¦ .e¯¯ˆ § © ¨ .erLt§ © ¨ .eÈÂr¦ ¨ .e¯¯Ò§ © ¨ .eˆ‡
§ © ¦ .e„¯Ó̈
§©
:erzrz
§ ¨ § ¦ .eÈrz ¦ ¨ .e·rz§ © ¦ .e˙ÁL § © ¦ .erL¯ §© ¨
Ïr© ˜Ècˆ¦ © ‰z‡ ¨ ¨ Ÿ Âë§ ÌÈ·Bh‰
¨ © Âì§ :eϨ ‰ÂL-‡Ï ¦ © EÈËtLn¤ ¨ § ¦ Óe ¤ Ÿ § ¦ ¦ Epx§ q
é¦ EÈ˙ˆnÓ ©1
§ ¨ § ‰1¦ eÁ‡Â
:erL¯ § © £ © ˙ÈNr
¨ ¦ ¨ ˙Ó‡-Èk ¤ ¡ ¦ ,eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ‡a‰-Ïk¨© ¨
¥ ¦ ‰Â¨cð¨ .NBNÓ¨ epnÓ
eaÏ ¤ ¦ ‰Ï¨ bî̈ .¯Bc-ÏkÓ ¨ ¦ eLa § Ÿ .Ìr-ÏkÓ ¨ ¨ ¦ EpnW` § © ¨
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa¥ Ïe·Êñ§ .e¯‡t
.eLc˜Ó ¥ ¥ § Ú¯ÙÂ
© § ¦ § .eÈee‡
¥ ¦ ÏaÁ‰ © § ª .eȇËÁa ¥ ¨£©
¥ Ÿ .ÌȯÊÏ
eÁk ¦ ¨ § e˙Ó„‡¥ ¨ § © ÈÙBÈ ¦ .‰nLÏ ¨ © § ‰˙ȉ ¨ § ¨ e˙¯È ¥ ¨ Ëò¦ .eÈÂra¥Ÿ £ © ·¯Á ©¨
:ÌȯÎÏ ¦ § ¨§
¯ÓBÏ
© ,et¯r
¥ § ¨ ‰L˜ ¤ § © § eÈt ¥ ¨ ÊÈr¦ ¨ Cȉ¥ .e˙eÚhÓ ¥ ¨ ¦ e·L § © ‡Ï Ÿ oicÓe
¦ ©£©
Ÿ § eÁ‡
‡Ï § © £ ÌȘÈcˆ ¦ ¦ © ,eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EÈÙÏ ¤¨§
:e‡Ë¨ Á1̈ eÈ˙B·‡Â¥ £ © eÁ‡ § © £ Ï·¨ ‡£å ,e‡ËÁ ¨¨
.eÈÏr¥ ¨ Ìlr ¨ ª e˙ § ¨ .epnÓ ¤ ¦ ˯BÓÓe ¨ § CMÓ ¨ ª Óô§ .eÏÓr ¥ ¨ £ e˜Lr § ¨ EpipiÓl
¥ ¥§
.Ì„iÓ¨ ¨ ¦ Ôȇ¥ ˜¯t ö¥Ÿ .e·¨ eÏLÓ § ¨ ÌÈ„· ¦ ¨ r£ö .eÓÎL ¥ § ¦ Ir© eÏ·Ò § ©¨
¥Ÿ £ © epnÓ
.eÈÂra ¤ ¦ z˜Á¯¨ § © ¨ .eȉG‡ ¥ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Ee‡¯˜ ¨ § .ee··Ò ¨ § ˙Ba¯© ˙B¯ˆ¨
:e„·‡Â
§ ¨ ¨ § eÈrz¦ ¨ .EȯÁ‡Ó ¤ £ © ¥ e·§ L ©÷
ÁÈ˘Ó
Ìȯ·„ Ù"Ú („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ‰ Ì˘ (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚ ÁÙ Ì˘ (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊË ÁÏ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ì˘ (Á : ˜ ÌÈω˙ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ,ÊÙ ‡ÓÂÈ ( :Ë „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (‰ : ÁÎ
Ù"Ú (Ó :‚Ï Ë ‰ÈÓÁ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÎ ‚Ï ·Âȇ (Î :ËÏ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (È :ËÒ ËȘ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Ë
:ÂÎ ËÒ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (Ú :‚È Á ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ Ù"Ú (Ò :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÈ ‰ ‰Îȇ ( :‡È „Î ‰ÈÚ˘È
:‡È ÂË ‡-χÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (˜ :Á Ì˘ ‰Îȇ (ˆ :Ê ÁÈ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ù
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ (1 ˙‚‰‰
ÈÙÏ ÌÈÏÓ‰ ¯‡˘· ÔΠ,(Ê ÛÈÚÒ Ê¯˙ ÔÓÈÒ Ê"‰„‡ Ú"¢ ‰‡¯) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ËÚÓ ‰Á˘È (2
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó) ·-‡‰ ¯„Ò
‰ È˘˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 109
ew ¥ © :Èw¦ ¥ © ˙B¯zÒpÓ ¨ § ¦ ¦ ,ÔÈ·È-ÈÓ ¦ ¨ ¦ ˙B‡È‚¦ L ৠ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ¯Ó‡ © ¨ E˜„ˆ § § ¦ giWn © ¦ §
,eÈ˙B‡ÓË-ÏkÓ
¥ § ª ¨ ¦ e¯‰ËÂ
¥ £ © § eÈrLt-IkÓ ¥¨ § ¨ ¦ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È
eȉχ ¨Ÿ §
¦ § © ¨Â᧠,E‡È·
Èz˜¯Ê ¤ ¦ § „È-Ïr © © ·e˙kk ¨ © ,e¯‰Ë ¥ £ © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © eÈIr ¥ ¨ ˜B¯Êe§
ÌÎÈÏeJb-ÏkÓe
¤ ¥ ¦ ¨ ¦ ÌÎÈ˙B‡ÓË ¤ ¥ § ª IŸkÓ¦ ,Ìz¯‰Ëe ¤ § © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © ÌÎÈÏr¤ ¥£
:ÌÎ˙‡¤ § ¤ ¯‰Ë‡ ¥ ©£
,ÚÓLe ¨ § Eʇ § § ¨ | ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰ã© ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ÚeL © ¦ ˙B„eÓÁ-LÈ £ ‡â¦ l`Ipc ¥¦ ¨
EÓL ‡¯˜-¯L‡ ¯Èr‰Â ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ‰‡¯e EÈÈr Á˜t
§ ¦ ¨ § ¦ ¤ £ ¦ ¨ § ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ¥ § ¤ ¥ © §
,EÈÙϤ ¨ § eÈeÁz ¥ £ © ÌÈÏÈtÓ ¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ïr ¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ | Èk¦ ,‰ÈÏr̈ ¨ ¤
¨Ÿ £ ,‰ÁÏÒ
È„‡ ¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL ¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr ¤ £ © © Èk¦
E¯Èr-Ïr
§ ¦ © ‡¯˜ ¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk § ¦ ¦ ,ȉG‡ © ¡ ErÓI § © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ © © § © ,‰Nr ¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰¨ ¦ § ©
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © ©§
Èt
© ¨ ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ Ìȯ‰Ï ¦ ¨ § ÈzÓÏÎ ¦ § © § ¦ § ÈzLa ¦ § Ÿ ,È‰Ï © Ÿ ‡¡ä ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ¯Ó‡ © ¨ ¯ÙBq‰ ¥ © `xfÓ ¨§ ¤
„r© ‰Ï„‚ ¨ § ¨ e˙ÓL‡Â ¥ ¨ § © § L‡¯ Ÿ ‰IrÓÏ ¨ § © § e·¯ « ¨ eÈ˙Âr ¥ Ÿ Ÿ £ Èk¦ EÈχ ¤ ¥
Ÿ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
‡Ï ¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡-C¯‡ ¦ © © ¤ ¤ ÌeÁ¯Â © § ÔepÁ© ˙BÁÈÏÒ ¦ § dBI‡ © ¡ ‰z‡ ¨ © Âå§ :ÌÈÓMÏ
¦¨ ¨©
e¯ˆBÈ
¥ § eÁÈÊz ¥ ¦ § © χ © § ,e‡¯Ba
¥ § eLhz ¥ § ¦ χ © § eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ e·Êrz ¥ § © © χ© :Ìz·Êr ¨ § ©£
¯·c‰-˙‡
¨ ¨ © ¤ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eϨ Ìi˜Â ¤ © § ,eÈ˙‡hÁk ¥ Ÿ © § ‰Ïk ¨ ¨ enr ¨ ¦ Nrz © © χ ©§
̉‰ ¥ ¨ ÌÈÓi ¦ ¨a©æ ,¯eÓ‡k ¨ ¨ .CÊBÁ ¨ e‰ÈӯȨ § § ¦ È„È-Ïr ¥ § © ‰Ia˜a ¨ ¨ © § ezÁË·‰L ¨ § © § ¦ ¤
Ÿ © ¤ § epȇÂ
˙‡hÁ-˙‡Â ¤ ¥ § χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ÔÂr-˙‡ Ÿ £ ¤ Lw·È © ª § ‰Â‰È-̇¨Ÿ § ª § ‡È‰‰ ¦ © ˙r·e ¥¨
È·r¯
¥ ¥ § E˙ÏÁ § ¨ £ © § En§ rç© :¯È‡L‡ ¦ § © ¯L‡I ¤ £ © ÁIÒ‡ © § ¤ Èk¦ ‰‡ˆn˙ ¨ ¤ ¨ ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ § ‰„e‰È
¨ §
eȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ Ï©è Èk¦ eÚ„È § ¥ § e¯ÈkÈ ¦ © .ErLÈ ¤ § ¦ È·‡z ¥ ¥ § EcÒÁ ¤ § © ȇӈ ¥ ¥ § E·eË §
:˙BÁÈÏq‰Â ¦ § © § ÌÈÓÁ¯‰̈ ¦ £ ©
‰Nr¥ £ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èë§ . EÓL ¤ § ‡¯˜ ¨ § ¦ ea¨ . EÓL ¤ § ÔepÁ©é χ¥ . EÓL ¤ § ÌeÁ¯é© l`¥
. E˙ȯa
¤ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EzÓ‡ 1¤ ¦ £ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ E˙c. ¤ ¨ ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ Ez¯‡Ù˙ ¤ § © § ¦ § EÏ„b
§ § ¨ ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £
ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ E¯ÎÊ. ¤ § ¦ ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E„eÚÂ ¤ ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E„B‰ ¤
ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„eÁÈ ¤ ¦ ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E·eË ¤ ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EcÒÁ ¤§ ©
ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E˙eÎÏÓ ¤ § © ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E„enÏ ¤ ¦ ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E„B·k ¤ §
. E¯‡t
¤ ¥ § ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . Efr ¤ ª ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„BÒ¤ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EÁˆ
¤§¦
‰˘Ú
:Â Ë ‡¯ÊÚ (‰ :ËÈ-ÁÈ Ë Ì˘ („ :‡È È Ï‡È„ (‚ :‰Î ÂÏ Ï‡˜ÊÁÈ (· :‚È ËÈ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë Ì˘ χÈ„ (Ë :ÂÎ Ë Ìȯ·„ (Á :Î  ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ê :ÊÈ Ë ‰ÈÓÁ (Â
:Ê „È ‰ÈÓ¯È (Î : „Ï
.ÌÏÂη ÔΠ,C˙ȯa » ƒ ¬ ÔÚÓÏ :„ÈÓ˙ ¯Ó‡ ,˙ÂÁÈÏÒ· ¯Â·Èˆ ÁÈÏ˘Î È·¯‰ (1 ˙‚‰‰
» ƒ¿ .CzÈÓ‡
È˘˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 110
EÈÓÁ¯¤ £ © ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙M„˜ ¤ ¨ ª § ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙˜„ˆ ¤ ¨ § ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙l‰z ¤ ¨ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙ÈÎL ¤ ¨ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ ©¨
. ·˜rÈÂ
Ÿ £ © § ˜ÁˆÈ ¨ § ¦ ̉¯·‡¨ ¨ § © ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ ¯Ùr . ¨ ¨ ÈÎB ¥§ L à EÈ·‰B‡ ¤£ ÔrÓI
©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ ‰ÓÏLe Ÿ Ÿ § „Âc ¦ ¨ ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ Ô¯‰‡Â Ÿ £ © § ‰LÓ ¤ Ÿ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
‰Nr ¥ £ . E„B·k ¤ § ÔkL © § Ó⦠ÔBiˆ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EL„˜ ¤ § ¨ ¯Èr¦ ÌÏLe ¦© ¨ ¯È á§
‰Nr .
¥ £ EÁaÊÓ ¤ § § ¦ ˙eÒȯ‰ ¦ £ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ EÏÎȉ . ¤ ¨ ¥ ˙BÓÓL § ¦ ÔrÓÏ ©©§
. E„eÁÈ
¤ ¦ Ïr© ÌÈÁe·Ë ¦ § ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EL„˜ ¤ § ¨ ÌL ¥ Ïr© ÌÈ‚e¯‰ ¦ £ ÔrÓI ©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EÓL ¤ § Lec˜¦ Ïr© ÌÈn·e ¦ © © L‡· ¥ ¨ ȇa ¥ ¨ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
. eÚLÙ § ¨ ‡lL Ÿ ¤ ·IÁ ¨ ¨ ÈÏeÓ¥ bä§ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ e‡ËÁ . § ¨ ‡lL Ÿ ¤ ÌÈ„L ¦ © ¨ Ș¥ BÈ ã§
‡ÏŸ ̇¦ ErÓÏ § © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . Ôa¯ ¨ © ˙Èa¥ ÏL ¤ ˙B˜BÈzå¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
:erÈLB‰Â
¥ ¦ § ErÓÏ § © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ erÓÏ ¥£ © §
¥ £ . er
er ¥ £ eÈ·¦ ‡ç̈ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Epp¥1 Ó £æ
¥ £ . er
er ¥ £ eL¯Bc ¥ § er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ eχB¥ £ bé er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ e‡¯B ¥ § aè
:er ¥ £ ÔÓ‡p‰ ¨ ¡ ¤ © χ¥ ‰ë̈
:er ¨ © § ÈÁî© er
¥ £ Ìi˜Â ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ¯LÈ ¨ ¨ § CÊì© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ § ˜È˙ ¦ ¨ EppÓ ¥£
ÌÈÒrk¦ ¨ § L·B ¥ kò er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ¯ˆÈ © ¥ Èñ er
¤ ¤ r„B ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ·ÈËÓe ¦ ¥ ·BËð EppÓ ¥£
ÌÈÎIn‰
¦ ¨ § © ÈÎÏÓ ¥ § © CI¤ Óö¤ er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § L·B ¥ Ïô er .
¥ £ er ¥£
:er ¥£
‰B¤ Úù er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÏÁBÓe ¥ ÁÏBÒ
©¥ ¥ £ . er
er ¥ £ ·bN ¨ § Âø¦ § ‡¯B¨ ÷ EppÓ ¥£
¨ ¨ § ˜Èc¦ ˆú© er
¯LÈÂ .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ÏÈvÓe ¦ © ‰„B ¤ tù er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ‰¯ˆ ¨ ¨ ˙ra ¥§
:er ¥£
C¯á© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÒBÚÎÏ § ¦ ‰L ¤ ˜á̈ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ Âȇ¯B˜Ï ¨ § § ·B¯˜à̈ EppÓ ¥£
:er ¥ £ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯â© er ¥ £ er. ¥ £ ˙Bv¯I ©§
ÂÚ
Ù"Ú (‰ :ÊË · χÂÈ Ù"Ú („ :Á ÂÎ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :„Î .ÊË Ë Ï‡È„ Ù"Ú (· :ËÈ ÂÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È (‡ ‡"Â˙
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÏ ÁÈ ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ (Ê :È·Ï ‰"„ È"˘¯ ‡ ,ÊÈ ˙Âί· ‰‡¯Â .· ,‚Ï ˙·˘ ( :Ë ÁÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È
: Á ·Âȇ Ù"Ú (Ï :Ë Ê Ìȯ·„ (Î :„ ÊÓ Ì˘ (È :‡ ‚Ó Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Ë :ÊË ‚Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È (Á
,Ê ˙Âί· ‰‡¯ (Ú :„È ‚˜ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Ò :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÁÒ ËȘ ÌÈω˙ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊΠ χÈ„ (Ó
:‰ ‚Ï ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (¯ :‡Î Ì˘ Ìȯ·„ Ù"Ú (˜ :‡ ,‚ ˙·‡ (ˆ :ÊÈ Ë ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ù :‡
:‡È ,‰ ˙·‡ Ù"Ú (· :ÁÈ ‰Ó˜ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (‡ :„ ·Ï Ìȯ·„ (˙ :‚ ,„ ˙Âί· ÈÓÏ˘Â¯È (˘
:Â „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‚
,ȯ˘˙-ÏÂχ ,'„"·Á È‚‰Ó ¯ˆÂ‡' ‰‡¯) ˙‡˜ÒÙ‰ ÈÓÂÈÒ· ÂϘ ı"˘‰ ‰È·‚Ó ÂÚ ˙¯ÈÓ‡· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ÁÎ 'ÓÚ
Â È˘˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 111
er¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÌÈÓÈÓz ¦ ¦ § CÓBz ¥ er¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÌÈBÈ·‡-χ
¦ § ¤ ¤ rÓB ©¥ L à EppÓ ¥£
„Á© tã© er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ̉¯·‡ ¨ ¨ § © È‰Ï ¥ Ÿ ‡¡â er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £ È‰Ï ¥ Ÿ ‡¡á
. er¥ £ ÌÈË·M‰ ¦ ¨ § © ˙¯Êr © § ¤ er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ¯È·¦ ‡£ä er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ˜ÁˆÈ ¨ §¦
È·¦ ‡£æ er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ÔBˆ¯¨ ˙ra ¥ § ‰B ¤ Úå er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ˙B‰n‡ ¨ ¦ ·bNÓ © § ¦ er ¥£
:er ¥ £ ˙BÓχ ¨ § © Ôi©cæ© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÌÈÓB˙È ¦ §
‰rL¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰i¯Bn‰ ¨ ¦ © ¯‰a © § eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ ̉¯·‡Ï ¨ ¨ § © § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ in ç¦
‰rL¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓè¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÁaÊn‰ © ¥ § ¦ © Èab-Ir ¥ © © „˜rpLk © ¡ ¤ ¤ § Ba§ ˜ÁˆÈI ¨ § ¦§
ÌȯeÒ‡‰¦ £ ¨ ˙È·a ¥ § ÛÒBÈÏ ¥ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ I‡¥ ˙È·a ¥ § ·˜rÈÏ Ÿ £©§
ÈÓé¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÛeÒ-ÌÈ-Ir © © eÈ˙B·‡Ï ¥ £ © ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓç¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰
‰zÁna¨ § © © Ô¯‰‡Ï Ÿ £ © § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ·¯BÁa ¥ § ‰LÓÏ ¤ Ÿ § ‰rL ¨¨ ¤
. erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰„r‰ ¨ ¥ ¨ CBzÓ¦ BÓe˜a§ ÒÁÈÙÏ ¨ § ¦ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓë¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰
χeÓLÏ
¥ § ¦ ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓç¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÏbÏba ¨ § ¦ © rLB‰ÈÏ ©ª ¦ ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓç¦
‡e‰ ÌÏLe¯Èa ¦¨ ¨ ¦ B·§ ‰ÓÏLe Ÿ Ÿ § „Â„Ï ¦ ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓç¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰tˆna ¨§ ¦ ©
‰rL¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ ì ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÏÓ¯k‰ ¤ § © © ¯‰a © § e‰iÏ‡Ï ¨ ¦ ¥ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓç¦ . erÈ ¥£©
‡e‰ ‰‚c‰ ¨ ¨ © ÈrÓa ¥ § ¦ ‰BÈÏ ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓç¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ BÁȯÈa ¦ ¦ ÚLÈχI ¨ ¦ ¡¤
.
ÈÓð¦ erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ BÈÏÁa § ¨ § ‰„e‰È ¨ § CÏÓ ¤ ¤ e‰i˜ÊÁÏ ¨ ¦ § ¦ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓî¦ . erÈ ¥£©
. erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ L‡‰ ¥ ¨ ÔL·k ¨ § ¦ CB˙a§ ‰È¯Êr ¨ § © £ © I‡LÈÓ ¥ ¨ ¦ ‰ÈÁÏ ¨ § © £ © ‰rL ¨¨ ¤
ÈÎc¯ÓÏ
© § § ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ˙Bȯ‡ ¨ £ ·B‚a§ χi„I ¥ ¦ ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓñ¦
‡e‰ ‰IBba ¨ © ‡¯ÊrÏ ¨ § ¤ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰¯Èa‰ ¨ ¦ © ÔLeLa © § ¯z҇ ¥§ ¤§
ÌȯLȉ¦ ¨ § © § ÌÈÓÈÓz‰Â¦ ¦ § © § ÌÈ„ÈÒÁ‰Â ¦ ¦ £ © § ÌȘÈcv‰-ÏÎÏ ¦ ¦ © © ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥£©
:erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰
¨ ¨ © § ÂÓÁ¯
Ì„‡-„È·e ¨ £ © ÌÈa¯-Èk ¦ © ¦ ‰Â‰È-„È·
¨Ÿ § © § ‡p-‰Ït ¨ ¨ § ¦ „‡Ó Ÿ § ÈÏ-¯ˆ¦ © „b-χ ¨ ¤ „Âc ¦ ¨ xn`I ¤ Ÿ eò©
¨Ÿ ¤ ©
:‰Ït‡-χ
:(̉ÈÙ ÏÚ ÌÈÏÙÂ Ôȇ)
Ïa˜Â
¥ © § ÈÏr© ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ © ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¨Ÿ § .EÈÙÏ
¦ £ © ‡Ï¥ Óö̈ ‰Â‰È ¤ ¨ § È˙‡ËÁ
¦ ¨ ¨ ÔepÁÂ © § mEgxô©
:È¯qÈ˙
¦ ¥ § © § E˙ÓÁa-I‡Â
§ ¨ £ © © § ÈÁÈÎB˙
¦¥ ¦ Et‡a-I‡
§ © § © ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ È÷§ :ÈeÁz
¨ £ ©
‰I‰·
¨ £ § ¦ ÈLÙÂ
¦ § © § :ÈÓˆr
¨ ¨ £ eω· ¨Ÿ § È‡Ù¯
£ § ¦ Èk¦ ‰Â‰È ¦ ¥ ¨ § È‡
¦ ¨ ÏIÓ‡ ¨Ÿ § ÈpÁ̈
© § ª Èk¦ ‰Â‰È ¦¥
„‡Ó
ËÓ Ì˘ (‰ :·Ó ‡Ï Ì˘ Ù"Ú („ :„Î ÂÎ ˙È˘‡¯· (‚ :Ê ÂÎ Ìȯ·„ (· :„Ï ËÒ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:‡È ,· ‰·¯ Ìȯ·„ (Ë :‡ ,ÂË ˙ÈÚ˙ Ù"Ú (Á : ÁÒ ÌÈω˙ (Ê :Á ËÓ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú ( :„Î
:È-· Î Ì˘ (Ó :·Î-‡Î · ·-ÌÈÎÏÓ (Ï :· ,·Ù Ôȯ„‰Ò ‰‡¯ (Î :ËÈ Ë Ìȯ·„ ‰‡¯ (È
ÈÓÏ˘Â¯È (ˆ : „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ù :„È „Î ·-χÂÓ˘ (Ú :‰Î-ÊÈ Â Ì˘ (Ò :ÊÎ-ÂÎ ‚ χÈ„ ‰‡¯ (
:‡È-·  ÌÈω˙ (˜ :‰ ,‡ ˙Âί·
È˘˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 112
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ÈrÈLB‰¦¥ ¦ ÈLÙ¦ § © ‰ˆlÁ ¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰·eL ¨ :È˙Ó-„r¨ ¨ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰z‡Â ¨ © § „‡ÓŸ §
,È˙Á‡a
¦ ¨ § © § | Èzr‚È ¦ § © ¨ :Cl-‰„BÈ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ IB‡La § ¦ E¯ÎÊ ¤ § ¦ ˙Âna ¤ ¨ © Ôȇ¥ Èk¦ :EcÒÁ ¤§ ©
ÈÈr
¦ ¥ ÒrkÓ © © ¦ ‰LLr ¨ § ¨ :‰ÒÓ‡ ¤ § © ÈN¯r ¦ § © È˙rÓ„a ¦ ¨ § ¦ § È˙hÓ ¦ ¨ ¦ ‰ÏÈI-Ïη ¨ § © ¨ § ‰ÁN‡ ¤ § ©
:ÈÈÎa
¦ § ¦ ÏB˜ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÚÓL-Èk © ¨ ¦ Ô‡ ¤ ¨ ÈÏrt-Ïk¥ £ Ÿ ¨ ÈpnÓ ¦ ¤ ¦ e¯eÒ :ȯ¯Bˆ-ÏÎa ¨ § ¨ § ‰˜˙r̈¨ §
¨ §Ÿ
ȷȇ-Ïk ¨ „‡Ó Ÿ § eωaÈ £ ¨ ¦ § | eL·È Ÿ ¥ :ÁwÈ ¨ ¦ È˙lÙz ¦ ¨ ¦ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È˙pÁz ¦ ¨ ¦ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÚÓL̈ ©
:Ú‚¯ © ¨ eL·È Ÿ ¥ e·LÈ̈ ª
‡¯a ¨ § .‡ÓÏr ¨ § ¨ ÈiÁÏ ¥ © § ÏB‡L § ÔÓ¦ ˜ÈqÓ ¦ © .‰iÁÓe ¤ © § ˙ÈÓ¦ Óॠ,ÈqÓe ¥ © ign ¥ ©
‡c·r :dÈ·‡ÎÏ Èq‡ ÒÈÁ„ ȉe·‡ .dÈ˜Ï È‰e·‡ ÈËÁ „k
¨ § © ¥ ¥ § ¦ ¥ © ¦ ¨ § ¦ £ ¥ § © ¦ £ ¥ ¨ ©
C¯Îea¨§ C¯¨ a᧠:dȯÏB˜ ¥¨ ¯Èa˙ ¦ © § ·È‡z ¦ ¨ dÈ¯Ó ¥ ¨ .¯ÏB˜a ¨ § ˜ÈÙ ¦ ¨ „ȯӄ ¦¨ §
Ô‡
¨ £ Cc·r ¨ § © .Ôȯ¯Ó ¦ ¨ § ÔÈ„È‚a ¦ ¦ § ÔÈLÙ ¦ § © ȯ ¥ ¨ ‡‰¨ .Cn˜ ¨ © ÔÈËÁ ¨ ¦ ¨ § Ô‡ ¨£
eËÓa ¨ § .‡˙eȘIÓa ¨ ¦ § © § ‡‰¨ .‡È·La ¨ § ¦ § ‡‰¨ .‡˙Ê·a ¨ § ¦ § ‡‰¨ .Cn˜ ¨ © Ô„B¯Óe
¨¨ §
ȉ
¥ ¡ ¤ ‡Ïc ¨ § „r© .ÔIr ¨ £ ÛB˜˙c § ¦ ÔÈ·‡ÎI ¦ ¥ § ¦ Èq‡ ¥ © .ÔÈLÈÙc ¦ ¦ § ¦ CÓÁ¯a ¨ £ © § CpÓ ¨¦
:‡È·Ma ¨ § ¦ © ‡¯ÈÓb ¨ ¦§
ÈrÈÓLÓ
¥ ¦ § © :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ Ïr© aâ© ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .eÈÓÁ¯ ¥ £ © eÒÈΉ ¦ § © .ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © iqipkn ¥ ¦§ ©
ÈrÈÓLÓ
¥ ¦ § © :‰lÙz ¨ ¦ § rÓB ©¥ L ã ÈÙI ¥ § ¦ .e˙lÙz ¥ ¨ ¦ § eÚÈÓL‰ ¦ § © .‰lÙz ¨ ¦ §
eÒÈΉ ¦ § © .‰rÓ„ ¨ § ¦ ÈÒÈÎÓ ¥ ¦ § © :‰˜rˆ ¨ ¨ § rÓB ©¥ L ä ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .e˙˜rˆ ¥ ¨ £ © eÚÈÓL‰ ¦ § © .‰˜rˆ ¨¨§
‰pÁz¨ ¦ § ea¯‰Â § © § eÏczL‰ § © § ¦ :˙BÚÓ„a ¨ § ¦ ‰v¯˙Ó ¤ © § ¦ CIÓ ¤ ¤ ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ eÈ˙BÚÓ„ ¥ § ¦
ÂÈÙÏ
¨ ¨ § eÚÈÓL‰ ¦ § © .ÂÈÙI ¨ ¨ § e¯Èkʉ ¦ § © :‡O ¨ ¦ § Ì¯å¨ Ï‡¥ CÏÓ ¤ ¤ ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .‰Lw·e ¨ ¨©
‰iÁÈÂ
¤ © ¦ Ì˙·‰‡ ¨ ¨ £ © ¯BkÊȧ ¦ .¯Ùr ¨ ¨ ÈÎB ¥§ L ç ÏL ¤ ÌÈ·BË ¦ ÌÈNrÓe ¦ £ © ‰¯B¨ zæ
‰È‰ ¨ ¨ ÔÓ‡ ¨ ¡ ¤ ‰rB ¤ ¯é Ô‡ˆ Ÿ Èk¦ .·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ˙ȯ‡ ¦¥L è§ „·‡˙ © Ÿ ‡HL ¤ Ìr¯Ê ¨ §©
.erLÈ¥ § ¦ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ er ¥ £ ¯‰Ó ¥ © .‰ÈLI ¨ ¦ § ¦ § ÏL ¨ ÓÏ î̈ § „Á‡ ¨ ¤ ÈBbì χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ .‰t¯ ¨ § ÁIë¤ §
ÁÈLÓ
© ¦ § ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯a ¤ £ © § ‰rÈLB‰Â ¨ ¦ § ˙BL˜¨ ˙B¯Êb-IkÓ ¥ § ¨ ¦ e„Ùe ¥§
:Cnr ¨ © § C˜„ˆ ¨ §¦
ÔB‰lk § ª .dÈe·LÏ ¥ § ¦ ÔpÁ˙Ó„ ¥ © § ¦ § .‡È·L ¨ § ¦ ¯·k © § .ÔpÁ˙Ó ¨ ¥ © § ¦ CϨ .‡iÓL·c ¨ © § ¦ § oxn ¨¨
.ÈeÁ˙·e
¥ £ © § ÈÓÁ¯a ¥ £ © § χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ Cnr ¨ © § .ÔȘ¯t˙Ó ¦ § ¨ § ¦ ‡tÒÎa ¨ § © § .‡È·L ¨ § ¦ Èa ¥§
:CÓ„˜¨ ¨ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ̘ȯ ¨ ¥ ¯c‰ © § ¤ ‡Ic ¨ § ÔÈ˙eÚ·e ¦ ¨ ÔÈzI‡L ¦ § ¦ § ÔϨ ·‰©
Ô‡
¨ £ ȘÈLr ¥ ¦ £ .dȯÓÏ ¥ ¨ § ÔpÁ˙Óc¥ © § ¦ § ‡c·rk ¨ § © § .ÔpÁ˙Ó ¨ ¥ © § ¦ CϨ .‡iÓL·c ¨ © § ¦ § oxn ¨¨
˙ÈI¥ ‡ÏÈÁ ¨ ¥ .ÔÈLÈÙ„ ¦ ¦ § ¦ ÔÈ˙˜rÓ ¦ § © ¥ ÔÈLÙ ¦ § © ÔÈ¯È¯Ó ¦ ¦ § .ÔȯL ¨ ¦ ¨ ‡ÎBLÁ·e ¨ £©
:‡˙‰·‡
¨ ¨ ¨ § © Ìr¦ z¯Ê‚c ¨ § © § ¦ ‡Ói˜ ¨ ¨ © IÈ„a ¦ § „È·r ¦ £ .Ô¯Ó ¨ ¨ CÈev¯Ï¨ © § Ôä
¯Ó¢
,ÁÎ ˙Âί· („ :ÂË ,Ê ‰·¯ ˙ω˜ (‚ :·Î „ ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"‰Ú Ô˙ÂÈ Ì‚¯˙ (· : · ‡-χÂÓ˘ (‡ ‡"Â˙
‰ ‰ÎÈÓ (Ë :ËÈ ÂÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È (Á :Ë , ˙·‡ Ù"Ú (Ê :ÂË Ê ‰ÈÚ˘È ( :‡ ,ÂË ˙ÈÚ˙ (‰ :·
:Ì˘ ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ó :‡Î ÊÈ ‡-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ (Ï :Ë „Î ‰ÈÓ¯È Ù"Ú (Î :‚È ,Ê ‰·¯ ¯˙Ò‡ (È :Ê
Ê È˘˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 113
,χ¯NÈ © Ÿ χÂ
¥ ¨ § ¦ „·‡È © § ,χ¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙ȯ‡ ¦¥L §á ¯BÓL ¥ ¨ § ¦ xnF
§ ,χ¯NÈ ¥ Wà
:χ¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ÚÓ© L §â ÌȯÓB‡‰
¦§ ¨
,„Á‡ © Ÿ χÂ
¨ ¤ ÈBb „·‡È ¨ ¤ rä© ˙ȯ‡L
© § ,„Á‡-Ì ¦ ¥ § ¯BÓL ¨ ¤ ÈBbã xnFW
§ ,„Á‡ ¥
:„Á‡¨ ¤ | ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ,eȉχ
¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â¨Ÿ‰È â § ,EÓL§ ¦ ÌÈ„ÁÈÓ‰
¦£© § ©
© Ÿ χÂ
ÈBb „·‡È © § ,LB„˜¨ Ìr©æ ˙ȯ‡L ¦ ¥ § ¯BÓL § ,LB„˜¨ ÈBbå xnFW ¥
:LB„˜Ï ¨ § ˙BM„˜ ª § LÏLaŸ ¨ § ÌÈLlLÓ‰ ¦ § © § © ,LB„˜¨
,Èr
¦ ¨ ¯B„ϧ Òit˙‰Â
¥ © § ¦ § ‰v¯˙‰¤ © § ¦ ,ÌÈeÁ˙a
¦ £ © § Òit˙Óe
¥ © § ¦ ,ÌÈÓÁ¯a ¦ £ © § dSxzn
¤ ©§ ¦
:¯ÊBÚ
¥ Ôȇ¥ Èk¦
:‰z‡ ¨ ¨ ‡l‡
¨ ¤ CÏÓ ¤ ¤ eϨ Ôȇ¥ ekÏÓ ¥ § © eÈ·¦ ‡è̈ :‰z‡ ¨ ¨ eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ ekÏÓ¥ § © Epia¦ `ç̈
ea¨ Ôȇ¥ Èk¦ erÂ
¥ £ © epÁ
¥ ¨ ekÏÓ
¥ § © eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ :eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ § © eÈ·¦ ‡ç̈
¥ © ekÏÓ
:erÈLB‰Â
¥ ¦ § ÏB„b‰ ¨ © EÓL § ¦ ÔrÓÏ
© © § „ÒÁ¤ ¤ ¨ ‰˜„ˆ
¨ ¨ § enr ¨ ¦ ‰Nr ¥ £ ÌÈNrÓ
¦ £©
¯ÎŸ Êë§ :eÈÈr
¥ ¥ EÈÏr ¤ ¨ Èk¦ ,‰Nrp-‰Ó ¤ £ © © Ú„ © ¥ ‡Ï Ÿ Epgp` § © £ e©é
:‰n‰ ¨ ¥ ÌÏBÚÓ ¨ ¥ Èk¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁ ¤ ¨ £ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EÈÓÁ¯ ¤£ ©
¨ ¨ § ¦ ‡î© :CϨ eÏÁÈ
eÏ-¯kÊz-I § © ¦ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ,eÈIr ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EcÒÁ-ȉ§ § © ¦ Èì§
:„‡ÓŸ § eBl„© Èk¦ ,EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © eeÓc˜È § © § ¯‰Ó ¥ © ,ÌÈBL‡¯¦ ¦ ˙BÂrŸ£
:¯BkÊz § ¦ ÌÁ¯ ¤Ÿ añ§ :Êe· er·N
¥ © Ê‚¯ § © ¨ ·¯-Èk © ¦ ,epÁ ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ep¥ Áð̈
¤Ÿ § :¯BkÊz
Ê‚¯a § ¦ ˙BÓÈÓz ¦ § Ê‚¯a ¤Ÿ § :¯BkÊ˙ § ¦ ‰„˜r ¨ ¥ £ Ê‚¯a ¤Ÿ §
-ÌBÈ·§ erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰ ¨ ¦ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èò§ :¯BkÊ˙ § ¦ ‰·‰‡ ¨£©
| e¯Ê¥ § rö̈ :eÁ‡
§ ¨ £ ¯Ùr-Èk
¨ ¨ ¦ ¯eÎʨ ,e¯ˆÈ ¥ § ¦ Ú„È © ¨ ‡e‰-Èkô¦ :e‡¯˜ ¥ §¨
¯tÎÂ
¥ © § eÏÈv‰Â¥ ¦ © § ,EÓL-„B·k¤ § § ¯·c-Ïr © § © erLÈ ¥ § ¦ ȉχ ¥Ÿ ¡
:EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ ¥ Ÿ © ©
© © § eÈ˙‡hÁ-Ïr
CÈÏÓÈÂ
¦ § © § d˙eÚ¯Î
¥ § ¦ ‡¯· ¨ § Èc¦ ‡ÓÏra
¨ § ¨ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL © © § ¦ § lCBz
¥ § Lc˜˙ÈÂ © © § i1¦
ÔBÎÈiÁa
¥ © § :ÔÓ‡ .dÁÈLÓ
¥ ¦ § ·¯˜ÈÂ
¥ ¨ ¦ d˜¯et
¥¨ § ÁÓˆÈÂ
© § © § ,d˙eÎIÓ
¥ § ©
ÔÂÎÈÓÂÈ·Â
:Á ‚ ¯˙Ò‡ (‰ :‚Î Ê ·-χÂÓ˘ („ :„  Ìȯ·„ (‚ : ‡Ï ‰ÈÓ¯È (· :„ ‡Î˜ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
·-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ (È :· ,‰Î ˙ÈÚ˙ (Ë :‡ , ˙ÈÚ˙ Û"ȯ (Á :Â Ê Ìȯ·„ (Ê : ËÈ ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (Â
:· ‚ ˜Â˜·Á (Ò :‚ ‚Θ Ì˘ ( :Á ËÚ Ì˘ (Ó :·Î ‚Ï Ì˘ (Ï : ‰Î ÌÈω˙ (Î :·È Î
:Ë ËÚ Ì˘ (ˆ :„È ‚˜ Ì˘ (Ù :È Î ÌÈω˙ (Ú
,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‰ÁÈ˘Ó ·¯˜È ,‡·¯ ‰Ó˘ ˙·È˙‰ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘È„˜· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ (1 ˙‚‰‰
(¯Ó‡ ˙ˆ˜ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ͯ·˙È . . ‰Ó˘ ‡‰È (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁÂ
ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‡Â‰ Íȯ· ‡˘„˜„ ‰Ó˘ (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) Ïω˙È . . Á·˙˘ÈÂ
.(6 'ÓÚ ,ÌÈ‚‰Ó‰ ¯ÙÒ)
È˘˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 114
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,·È¯˜ ¦ ¨ ÔÓÊ·e
© § ¦ ‡Ï‚ra¨ ¨ £ © ,χ¯NÈ¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-Ï΄
¥ ¨ § ÈiÁ·e ¥ © § ÔBÎÈÓBÈ·e
¥ §
ÁazLÈÂ
© © § ¦ § C¯a˙È ¥ ¨ § ¦ :‡iÓÏr¨ © § ¨ ÈÓIrÏe
¥ § ¨ § ÌÏrÏ © ¨ § C¯·Ó© ¨ § ‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § ‡‰È ¥§
‡L„e˜c
¨ § § dÓL ¥ § Il‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‰lr˙ÈÂ
¤ © § ¦ § ¯c‰˙Ȩ © § ¦ § ‡O˙ÈÂ
¥ © § ¦ § ÌÓB¯˙ÈÂ
¨ § ¦ § ¯‡t˙È ¥ ¨ § ¦§
,‡˙ÓÁÂ
¨ ¨ ¡ ¤ § ‡˙ÁaLz
¨ ¨ § § ª ,‡˙¯ÈL ¨ ¨ ¦ § ‡˙ίa-Ïk
¨ ¨ § ¦ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ‡lrÏ ¨ ¥ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡e‰ Cȯa ¦§
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,‡ÓIra¨ § ¨ § Ô¯ÈÓ‡c
¨ ¦ £ ©
Èc¦ ÔB‰e·‡£ Ì„˜ ¨ ¢ ,χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-Ï΄ ¥ ¨ § ÔB‰˙eÚ·e § ¨ ÔB‰˙Bψ § § lAwzY ¥© § ¦
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡ § ¦ Â1§ ,‡iÓL·
¨© § ¦
,χ¯NÈ-Ïk
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¨ Ïr © § eÈÏr¥ ¨ ÌÈ·BË ¦ ÌÈiÁÂ
¦ © § ‡iÓL
¨ © § ÔÓ¦ ‡a¯ ¨ © ‡ÓÏL ¨ ¨ § `di ¥§
:ÔÓ‡¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦§
,χ¯NÈ-Ïk
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¨ Ïr © § eÈÏr¥ ¨ ÌBÏL ¨ ‰NrÈ ¤ £ © ‡e‰ ,ÂÈÓB¯Óa ¨ § ¦ ÌBÏL ¨ dU ¤2 Ÿrà
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦§

ȯ˘‡
:· ‰Î ·Âȇ (‡ ‡"Â˙
.(6 'ÓÚ ,ÌÈ‚‰Ó‰ ¯ÙÒ) ˙ˆ˜Ó· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ Z Ï·˜˙˙ Ï˘ ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú˘· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰ ÔÈÓÈÏ Z ‰˘ÂÚ :˘È„˜ Ï˘ ÌÂÏ˘ ‰˘ÂÚ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰Â ˙ÈÈˉ (2
ÚˆÓ‡· Z ÔÓ‡ . . ‡Â‰ ¢‡¯ Û˜ÂÊ ,ÚˆÓ‡· Z ÂÈÓ¯ӷ .ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰ Ï‡Ó˘Ï Z ÌÂÏ˘
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó)
Á ÈÚÈ·˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 115

:‰Ïq ¨ ¤ EeÏÏ‰È § © § „BÚ ,E˙È· ¤ ¥ È·LBÈ ¥ § ixW¥ § `©à


Ìr‰¨ ¨ ȯL‡ ¥ § © ,BJ ‰ÎkL ¨ ¨ ¤ Ìr‰ ¨ ¨ ȯL ¥ § ‡©á
EÓÓB¯‡
§ ¦ £ ,„Â„Ï ¦ ¨ § ‰J‰ ¨ ¦ z⧠:ÂȉG‡ ¨ ¡ ‰Â‰ÈL ¨Ÿ § ¤
:„r¤ ¨ ÌIBÚϨ § EÓL § ¦ ‰Î¯·‡Â ¨ § ¨ £ © ,CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © ȉBI‡ © ¡
ÌÏBÚÏ
¨ § EÓL § ¦ ‰Iω‡Â ¨ § © £ © ,jί·‡ ¨ ¤ § ¨ £ ÌBÈ-IÎa ¨ §
Ôȇ¥ B˙l„‚I¨ ª § ¦ § ,„‡Ó Ÿ § IJ‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„b¨ :„rÂ̈ ¤
¤Ÿ
EÈ˙¯e·‚e § ,EÈNrÓ ¤ £ © ÁaLÈ © © § ¯B„I§ ¯Bc :¯˜Á ¤¥
¤ Ÿ § § ¦ ȯ·„Â
EÈ˙‡ÏÙ ¥ § ¦ § ,E„B‰ ¤ „B·k§ ¯„‰ © £ :e„ÈbÈ ¦©
E˙J„‚e
§ ¨ ª § ,e¯Ó‡È ¥ Ÿ EÈ˙‡¯B ¤ Ÿ § ÊeÊr ¡ ¤ :‰ÁÈN‡ ¨ ¦ ¨
E˙˜„ˆÂ
§ ¨ § ¦ § ,eÚÈaÈ ¦ © E·eË-·¯§ © ¯ÎÊ ¤ ¤ :‰p¯tÒ‡ ¨¤§ ©£
-I„‚e ¨ § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌeÁ¯Â © § ÔepÁ© :ep¯È ¥ ©§
-Ïk-Ïr
¨ © ÂÈÓÁ¯Â ¨ £ © § ,ÏkI Ÿ © ‰Â‰È-·BË ¨Ÿ § :„ÒÁ̈¤
EÈ„ÈÒÁÂ
¤ ¦ £ © ,EÈNrÓ-Ïk ¤ £ © ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Ee„BÈ :ÂÈNrÓ ¨ £©
E˙¯e·‚e
§ ¨ § ,e¯Ó‡È ¥ Ÿ E˙eÎÏÓ § § © „B·k§ :‰Îeί·È ¨ §¨ §
¨Ÿ
,ÂÈ˙¯e·b § Ì„‡‰ ¨ ¨ ¨ È·Ï ¥ § ¦ | rÈ„B‰Ï © ¦ § :e¯a„È ¥ ©§
˙eÎÏÓ § © ,E˙eÎIÓ § § © :B˙eÎÏÓ § © ¯„‰ © £ „B·Îe §
Ÿ ¨ ¯Bc-IÎa
:¯„ ¨ § EzÏLÓÓe § §© § ¤ ¦ ¨Ÿ
,ÌÈÓÏÚ-Ik̈
-ÏÎI ¨ § Û˜BÊ ¥ § ,ÌÈÏÙp‰-IÎI ¦ § Ÿ © ¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § CÓBÒ ¥
‰z‡Â¨ © § ,e¯aNÈ ¥ © § EÈI‡ ¤ ¥ ÏÎ-ÈÈr Ÿ ¥ ¥ :ÌÈÙeÙk‰ ¦ § ©
,E„È-˙‡
¤ ¨ ¤ Á˙Bt © ¥ :Bzra ¦ § ÌÏ·-˙‡¨ § ¨ ¤ ̉I-Ô˙B ¤¨ ¥
-IÎa ¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ˜Ècˆ ¦ © :ÔBˆ¯¨ ÈÁ-ÏÎI © ¨ § rÈaNÓe © ¦ § ©
ÂÈί„
:ÍÏȇ ‡ ‰Ó˜ Ì˘ (‚ :ÂË „Ó˜ Ì˘ (· :‰ „Ù ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
ÈÚÈ·˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 116

-ÏÎÏ ¨Ÿ § ·B¯˜¨ :ÂÈNrÓ-ÏÎa


¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨ £ © ¨ § „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ § ,ÂÈίc
¨ ¨ §
-ÔBˆ¯§ :˙Ó‡· ¤ ¡ ¤ e‰‡¯˜È ª ¨ § ¦ ¯L‡¤ £ ÏÎI Ÿ § ,Âȇ¯˜ ¨ §Ÿ
:ÌrÈLBÈÂ
¥ ¦ § ÚÓLÈ © § ¦ Ì˙rÂL-˙‡Â
¨ ¨§© ¤ § ,‰NrÈ ¤ £ © Âȇ¯È¨ ¥§
¨ £Ÿ
-Ïk¨ ˙‡Â¥ § ,ÂÈ·‰‡-Ik-˙‡ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯ÓBL ¥
,Èt¦ ¯a„Ȥ © § ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ˙l‰z © ¦ § :„ÈÓLÈ ¦ § © ÌÈrL¯‰̈¦¨ §
:„r¤ ¨ ÌIBÚÏ
¨ § BL„˜ § ¨ ÌL ¥ ¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ C¯·È ¥¨ ¦
:dÈeIω
¨ § © ÌIBÚ-„rÂ
¨ © § ‰zrÓ¨ © ¥ ,dȨ C¯· § © £ Âà©
¥ ¨ § | eÁ‡
:˘È„˜ ȈÁ ı"˘Ï
CÈÏÓÈÂ
¦ § © § d˙eÚ¯Î
¥ § ¦ ‡¯· ¨ § Èc¦ ‡ÓÏra¨ § ¨ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § Lc˜˙È© © § ¦ § lCBz
© © § i1¦
ÔBÎÈiÁa
¥ © § :ÔÓ‡ .dÁÈLÓ ¥ ¦ § ·¯˜È ¥ ¨ ¦ d˜¯et
¥¨ § ÁÓˆÈÂ
© § © § ,d˙eÎIÓ
¥ § ©
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,·È¯˜ ¦ ¨ ÔÓÊ·e
© § ¦ ‡I‚ra
¨ ¨ £ © ,I‡¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-I΄
¥ ¨ § ÈiÁ·e ¥ © § ÔBÎÈÓBÈ·e
¥ §
ÁazLÈÂ
© © § ¦ § C¯a˙È ¥ ¨ § ¦ :‡iÓÏr
¨ © § ¨ ÈÓIrÏe
¥ § ¨ § ÌÏrÏ © ¨ § C¯·Ó © ¨ § ‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § ‡‰È ¥§
‡L„e˜c
¨ § § dÓL ¥ § Il‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‰lr˙ÈÂ
¤ © § ¦ § ¯c‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‡O˙ÈÂ
¥ © § ¦ § ÌÓB¯˙ÈÂ
¨ § ¦ § ¯‡t˙ÈÂ¥ ¨ § ¦§
,‡˙ÓÁÂ
¨ ¨ ¡ ¤ § ‡˙ÁaLz
¨ ¨ § § ª ,‡˙¯ÈL ¨ ¨ ¦ § ‡˙ίa-Ïk
¨ ¨ § ¦ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ‡lrÏ ¨ ¥ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡e‰ Cȯa ¦§
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,‡ÓIra
¨ § ¨ § Ô¯ÈÓ‡c
¨ ¦ £ ©

¥ § ¦ Ó©â :ÌÈt‰
ÔB‡˙p-‰ ¦ ¨ © ˙La ¤ Ÿ eÏ ¨ § ,‰˜„v‰
¨ ¨ § © È„‡¨Ÿ £ Ll§ á
¨ § § ä© :˜cˈp-‰Óe
‰NtÁ ¨© §¦ © ¯a„p-‰Ó
¥ © § © ¯Ó‡p-‰ © Ÿ Óe ©ã
‰ËeLÙ
¨ § EÈÓ § ¦ Èå§ Èk¦ ,EÈχ ¤ ¥ ‰·eL¨ ¨ § ‰¯˜Á ¨Ÿ § © § eÈί„
¥ ¨ §
,EÈÙÏ
¤ ¨ § e‡a¨ ÌÈNrÓ·-‡Ï¦ £ © § Ÿ § „ÒÁ·-‡Ï ¤ ¤ § Ÿ :ÌÈ·L ¦ ¨ Ïa˜I¥ ©§
ÌeÁ¯æ© e˜Ù„ § © ¨ EÈ˙Ïc ¤ ¨ § :EÈ˙I„ ¤ ¨ § e˜Ùc§ © ¨ ÌÈL¯Îe
¦ ¨ § ÌÈl„k¦ ©§
ekÏÓ
¥ § © EÈÙJÓ
¤ ¨ § ¦ :EÈÙlÓ¤ ¨ § ¦ ̘ȯ ¨ ¥ e·ÈLz-χ
¥ ¦ § © ‡¨ ,ÔepÁ ©§
:‰JÙz © ¥ Lç ‰z‡
¨ ¦ § rÓB ¨ © Èk¦ ,e·ÈLz
¥ ¦ § χ© ̘ȯ ¨ ¥
ÚÓ¢
‰Îȇ (‰ :ÊË „Ó ˙È˘‡¯· Ù"Ú („ :ËÏ ‚ ‰Îȇ Ù"Ú (‚ :Ê Ë Ï‡È„ (· :ÁÈ Â˘ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:· ,ÁÎ ˙Âί· (Á : „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ÁÏ˘· ‡ÓÂÁ˙ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ó Ì˘
,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‰ÁÈ˘Ó ·¯˜È ,‡·¯ ‰Ó˘ ˙·È˙‰ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘È„˜· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ (1 ˙‚‰‰
(¯Ó‡ ˙ˆ˜ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ͯ·˙È . . ‰Ó˘ ‡‰È (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁÂ
ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‡Â‰ Íȯ· ‡˘„˜„ ‰Ó˘ (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) Ïω˙È . . Á·˙˘ÈÂ
.(6 'ÓÚ ,ÌÈ‚‰Ó‰ ¯ÙÒ)
Ë ÈÚÈ·˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 117
Ÿ £ © § ¦ § ¯Na-ÏÎ
˙ÂÁzL‰Ï ¨ ¨ ¨ ‡B·Èá̈ :e‡·È Ÿ ¨ ¯Na-Ïk ¨ ¨ ¨ EÈ„r ¤ ¨ ,‰lÙz ¨ ¦ § ÓnF ©¥ W à
:EÓLI¤ § ¦ e„aÎÈ § © ¦ ,È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ EÈÙÏ £ © § ¦ § | e‡B·Èâ̈ :‰Â‰È
¤ ¨ § eÂÁzLÈ ¨Ÿ § EÈÙI ¤¨§
| ÂȯrL ¨ ¨ § e‡Ÿaä :eNÚ ¥ Ÿ ‰Â‰È-ÈÙÏ ¨Ÿ § ¥ § ¦ ‰Î¯· ¨ § § ¦ ,‰r¯Î ¨ ¨ § ¦ § ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ e‡Ÿaã
¨Ÿ § ¤ eίa
‰Â‰È-˙‡ § ¨ | ‰p¥ ‰å¦ :BÓL § eίa § ¨ BÏ-e„B‰ ,‰l‰˙a ¨ ¦ § ¦ ÂÈ˙¯ˆÁ ¨ Ÿ ¥ £ ‰„B˙a ¨ §
,L„˜ ¤Ÿ Ì΄È-e‡N ¤ ¥§ § :˙BÏÈla ¨Ÿ §
¥ © ‰Â‰È-˙È·a ¥ § ÌÈ„ÓÚ‰ ¦ § Ÿ ¨ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È„·r-Ïk̈¥§ ©
eÓÓB§ ¯ç :ÂÈÏ‚¯ ¨ § © Ì„‰Ï Ÿ £ © ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ ,ÂÈ˙BkLÓÏ ¨ § § ¦ § ‰‡B ¨ ·æ ¨ :‰Â‰È-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ¤ eί·e §¨
eȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eÓÓB § ¯è :‡e‰ LB„˜¨ ,ÂÈÏ‚¯ ¨ § © Ì„‰Ï Ÿ £ © eÂÁzL‰Â £ © § ¦ § eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ §
¨Ÿ © eÂÁzL
‰Â‰ÈÏ £ © § ‰é¦ :eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § LB„˜-Èk ¨ ¦ ,BL„˜ § ¨ ¯‰Ï © § eÂÁzL‰Â £ © § ¦§
‡B·¨ EcÒÁ § § © ·¯a Ÿ § eÁ‡ § © £ Âë© :ı¯‡‰-Ïk¤ ¨ ¨ ¨ ÂÈtÓ ¨ ¨ ¦ eIÈÁ¦ ,L„˜-˙¯„‰a ¤Ÿ © §© §
ÏÎȉ-χ
© ¥ ¤ ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ì¦ :E˙‡¯Èa ¤ ¨ § ¦ § EL„˜-ÏÎȉ-χ
§ § ¨ © ¥ ¤ ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ ,E˙È· ¤ ¥
-Ïk-Ïr
¨ © zÏc‚‰-Èk ¨ § © § ¦ ¦ ,EzÓ‡-Ir ¤ ¦ £ © § EcÒÁ-Ïr § § © © EÓL-˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ‰„B ¤ § EL„˜ § §¨
E˙eÓ‡Â
§ ¨ ¡ ¤ ,dȨ | ÔÈÒÁ ¦ £ EBÓÎ-ÈÓ ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ | ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ îȧ :E˙¯Ó‡ ¤ ¨ § ¦ EÓL § ¦
:ÌÈI‡ ¦ ¥ È·a ¥ § ¦ ‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨Ÿ © ‰Ó„È ¤ § ¦ ,‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨Ÿ © C¯rÈ Ÿ £ © ˜ÁM· © © © ÈÓ¦ Èkð¦ :EÈ˙B·È·Ò ¤ ¦ §
ÏB„‚-È ¨ kò¦ :Ec·I ¤ © § Ìȉχ ¦ Ÿ ¡ ‰z‡ ¨ © ,˙B‡IÙ ¨ § ¦ ‰NÚ ¥ Ÿ § ‰z‡ ¨ © IB„‚-È ¨ kñ¦
Ÿ § Ïl‰Óe
,„‡Ó ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„bô̈ :EzÓ‡ ¤ ¦ £ ÌȘÁL-„r ¦ ¨ § © § ,EcÒÁ ¤ § © ÌÈÓL-ÏrÓ ¦© ¨ ©¥
‡e‰ ‡¯B ¨ ,„‡Ó Ÿ § Ïl‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„‚¨ Èkö¦ :¯˜Á ¤ ¥ Ôȇ¥ B˙l„‚Ï ¨ ª§ ¦ §
¯L¤ ‡£ø :Ìȉχ-Ïk-Ïr¦ Ÿ ¡ ¨ © IB„b¨ CÏÓe ¤ ¤ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„b¨ χ¥ Èk÷¦ :Ìȉχ-Ïk-Ir ¦Ÿ ¡ ¨ ©
‡G ÈÓù¦ :E˙¯e·‚Π¤ Ÿ § ¦ § EÈNrÓÎ ¤ £ © § ‰NrÈ-¯L‡ ¤ £ © ¤ £ ı¯‡·e ¤ ¨ ¨ ÌÈÓMa ¦ © ¨ © χ-ÈÓ ¥ ¦
Ì˙eÎÏÓ-Ïηe
¨ § © ¨ § ÌÈBb‰ ¦ © ÈÓÎÁ-Ïη ¥ § © ¨ § Èk¦ ,‰˙‡È ¨ ¨ ¨ Eϧ Èk¦ ÌÈBb‰ ¦ © CÏÓ ¤ ¤ E‡¯È £ ¨¦
Eϧà :‰¯e·‚a ¨ § ¦ EÓL § ¦ ÏB„‚ ¨ § ‰z‡ ¨ © ÏB„b¨ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EBÓk¨ Ôȇ¥ Óú¥ :EBÓk¨ ÔÈ‡Ó ¥ ¥
‰z‡ ¨ © ,‰ÏÈI ¨ § ¨ EI-Û‡ § © ÌBÈ Eϧá :EÈÓÈ ¤ ¦ § Ìe¯z¨ E„ȧ ¨ ÊÚz Ÿ ¨ ,‰¯e·b-Ìr ¨ § ¦ rB¯Ê © §
:BÏ Ìȯ‰ ¦ ¨ ˙ÙrB˙ Ÿ £ § ,ı¯‡-ȯ˜ÁÓ ¤ ¨ ¥ § § ¤ B„Èa ¨ § ¯L ¤ ‡£â :LÓL ¤ ¨ ¨ ¯B‡Ó¨ ˙BÈΉ ¨ ¦£
‰l„b‰
¨ ª § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Eϧä :B˙J‰z-Ïk ¨ ¦ § ¨ rÈÓLÈ © ¦ § © ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ˙B¯e·b§ IlÓÈ ¥ © § ÈÓã¦
¨Ÿ § Eϧ ,ı¯‡·e
‰Â‰È ¤ ¨ ¨ ÌÈÓMa ¦ © ¨ © ÏÎ-Èk Ÿ ¦ ,„B‰‰Â © § Áˆp‰Â © ¥ © § ˙¯‡Ùz‰Â ¤ ¤ § ¦ © § ‰¯e·b‰Â ¨ §©§
Ï·z
¥ ¥ ,ı¯‡ ¤ ¨ EI-Û‡ § © ÌÈÓL ¦ © ¨ Eϧ å :L‡¯Ï Ÿ § | ÏÎÏ Ÿ § ‡O˙n‰Â ¥ © § ¦ © § ,‰ÎIÓn‰ ¨¨ § © ©
Û¯Á¤Ÿ ¨ ıȘ ¦ © ,ı¯‡ ¤ ¨ ˙BÏe·b-Ïk § ¨ z·v‰ ¨ § © ¦ ‰z¨ ‡©æ :Ìz„ÒÈ ¨ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ © d‡ÏÓe ¨Ÿ §
:ÌÈiˆÏ ¦ ¦ § ÌrÏ © § IÎ‡Ó ¨ £ © epzz ¤ § ¦ ,Ô˙ÈÂÏ ¨ ¨ § ¦ ÈL‡¯ ¥ ¨ zˆv¯ ¨ § © ¦ ‰z¨ ‡ç© :Ìz¯ˆÈ ¨ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ ©
¨ § © ‰z¨ ‡è© :Ô˙ȇ
z¯¯BÙ ¨ ¥ ˙B¯‰ £ © zL·B‰
¨ § © ‰z‡ ¨ © ,ÏÁÂ © ¨ ¨ ÔÈrÓ¨ § © zr˜· ¨ § © ¨ ‰z‡ ¨ ©
êÊÚ·
:„ ˜ Ì˘ (‰ : ‰ˆ Ì˘ („ :Ë ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚Î ÂÒ ‰ÈÚ˘È (· :‚ ‰Ò ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
Á ‰ Ì˘ (Î :Ë Âˆ Ì˘ (È :Ë Ì˘ (Ë :‰ ˈ Ì˘ (Á :Ê ·Ï˜ Ì˘ (Ê :·-‡ „Ϙ Ì˘ (Â
:‰ Á˜ Ì˘ (Ú :È ÂÙ Ì˘ (Ò :Ê Ì˘ ( :Ë ËÙ Ì˘ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ÁϘ Ì˘ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
:Â Ì˘ (˙ :Ê È ‰ÈÓ¯È (˘ :„Î ‚ Ìȯ·„ (¯ :‚ ‰ˆ Ì˘ (˜ :„ ˆ Ì˘ (ˆ :‚ ‰Ó˜ Ì˘ (Ù
:‡È ËÎ ‡-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ (‰ :· ˜ Ì˘ („ :„ ‰ˆ Ì˘ (‚ :ÊË „Ú Ì˘ (· :„È ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (‡
:‚È Ì˘ (Ë :ÂË-„È Ì˘ (Á :ÊÈ „Ú Ì˘ (Ê :·È ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (Â
ÈÚÈ·˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 118
,Ìi‰
¨ © ˙e‡‚a ¥ § ÏLBÓ ¥ ‰z¨ ‡à© :ÌÈn‰-Ïr
¦ ¨ © © ÌÈÈp˙ ¦ ¦ © ÈL‡¯
¥ ¨ z¯aL ¨ § © ¦ ,ÌȨ Efr· §¨ §
¥ Ÿ ¡ ¯Èra
eȉχ ¦ § ,„‡Ó Ÿ § ÏJ‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„bá̈ :ÌÁaL˙ ¥ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ © ÂÈl‚ ¨ © ‡BNa§
¦ Ÿ ¡ ¨ ‡e‰-‰z‡
Ìȉχ‰ ¨ © ÌÈ·¯k‰ ¦ ª § © ·LÈ ¥ Ÿ χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ È⧠:BL„˜-¯‰ §¨ ©
e„BÈä§ :ÂÈ·È·Ò-Ïk-Ïr
¨ ¦ § ¨ © ‡¯B ¨ § ,‰a¯ ¦Ÿ §
¨ © ÌÈL„˜-„BÒa § ı¯r ¨ £ © χ㥠:Ec·Ï ¤©§
¨Ÿ © ‰p¯
,‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨ § © § eÎϧ å :ÌÈL„˜ ¦ Ÿ § ω˜a © § ¦ E˙eÓ‡-Û‡§ ¨ ¡ © ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § E‡Ït £ § ¦ ÌÈÓL ¦© ¨
˜„¤ ˆ¤æ :BÏ rȯ © ¦ ¨ ˙B¯ÓÊa ¦ § ¦ ,‰„B˙a ¨ § ÂÈÙ ¨ ¨ ‰Óc˜ ¨ § © § :erLÈ ¥ § ¦ ¯eˆÏ§ ‰rȯ ¨ ¦¨
˜ÈzÓ¦ § © ÂcÁÈ ¨ § © ¯L ¤ ‡£ç :EÈÙ ¤ ¨ eÓc˜È § © § ˙Ӈ ¤ ¡ ¤ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ,E‡Òk ¤ § ¦ ÔBÎÓ§ ËtLÓe ¨ § ¦
˙LaÈÂ
¤ ¤ © § ,e‰Nr ¨ ¨ ‡e‰Â§ Ìi‰ ¨ © BÏ-¯L ¤ ‡£è :L‚¯a ¤ ¨ § Cl‰¥ © § Ìȉχ ¦ Ÿ ¡ ˙È·a ¥ § ,„BÒ
CϨ ‰ÓLp‰ ¨ ¨ § © :Lȇ-¯Na-Ïk ¦ © § ¨ Áe¯Â © § ,ÈÁ-Ïk ¨ ¨ LÙ ¤ ¤ B„Èa ¨ § ¯L ¤ ‡£é :e¯ˆÈ ¨ ¨ ÂȄȨ¨
‰Nr¥ £ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èë§ ,ClL ¨ ¤ Ûeb‰Â © § CI¨ ‰ÓLp‰ ¨ ¨ § © :CÏÓr ¨ ¨ £ Ïr© ‰ÒeÁ ¨ ,CÏrt
¨ ¢ ¨ Ûeb‰Â ©§
„B·k§ ¯e·ra £ © :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èë§ EÓL § ¦ Ïr© e‡˙‡ ¨ ¨ :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ ©©§
¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒÂ
Èk¦ eÂrÏ ¨ § © ¨ § ,‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § EÓL-Ôr§ ¦ © ÓÏ î© § :EÓL ¤ § ÌeÁ¯Â © § ÔepÁ-χ© ¥ Èk ì ¦ ,EÓL § ¦
:‡e‰-·¯©
.eÈ‚L
¦ ¨ ezÏe‡ Ÿ § Èk¦ ,eÈ·‡
¥ § © ¦ ·¯a ¦ ¨ eÏ-ÁÏÒ
¨ © §
¥Ÿ £ ea¯© Èk¦ ,ekÏÓ
:eÈÂr ¥ § © eI-ÏÁÓ
¨ © §
ÌÈrL¦ ¨ § ¦ e‡¨ EÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ïr¤ § ¦ © § .ÌÈÁeË· ¦ § e‡¨ ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr¤ £ © © iMð¦
CÏÓ
¤ ¤ ‡e‰ ‰z‡ ¨ © :ÌÈtˆÓ ¦ © § e‡¨ E˙reLÈÏÂ
§ ¨ ¦ § ÌÈe˜Ó
¦ © § e‡¨ EÈ˙BÁÈÏÒϤ ¦ §¦§
˙¯Bk ¥ .Âȇ¯È ¨ ¥ § ˙‡hÁ Ÿ © ¯ÈÒÓe ¦ ¥ ,Bnr© ˙BÂr Ÿ £ ¯È·rÓ ¦ £ © .Ì„wÓ ¤ ¤ ¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ·‰B ¥ ‡ñ
Ôra
© £ © z„¯iL¨ § © ¨ ¤ ‡e‰ ‰z¨ ‡ò© :ÌÈB¯Á‡Ï ¦ £ © ¨ ‰re·L ¨ § Ìi˜Óe ¥ © § ,ÌÈBL‡¯I¦ ¦ ¨ ˙ȯa ¦§
-˙BÁ¯‡Â § ¨ § .Ec·r ¤ § © ‰LÓÏ ¤ Ÿ § E·eË § Èί„¥ § © ˙ȇ¯‰Â
¨ ¥ § ¤ § ÈÈÒ © ¦ ¯‰-Ïr © © E„B·k ¤ §
ÌÈt‡¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χô¥ ‰z‡ ¨ © Èk¦ Bzr„B‰Â § © § .BÏ ˙Èlb ¨ ¦ ¦ EÈ„ÒÁ ¤¨ £
ÔÎÂ¥ § :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ ˙cÓa © ¦ § Blkª ÌÏBÚ‰ ¨ ¨ ‚ȉÓe ¦ § © .·ÈˉI ¦ ¥ § ‰a¯Óe ¤ § © „ÒÁ-·¯Â ¤ ¤ ©§
‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ÌL· ¥ § È˙‡¯˜Â¦ ¨ ¨ § EÈt-Ïr¤ ¨ © È·eË-Ïk ¦ ¨ ¯È·r‡ ¦ £ © È‡ ¦ £ ¯Ó‡i ¤ Ÿ Âö© ,·e˙k¨
:ÌÁ¯‡¥ © £ ¯L‡-˙‡
¤ £ ¤ ÈzÓÁ¯Â ¦ § © ¦ § ÔÁ‡ Ÿ ¨ ¯L‡-˙‡ ¤ £ ¤ È˙pÁ ¦ Ÿ © § ,EÈÙÏ
¤¨§
C¯„ ¤ ¤ § ,˙‡¯˜¨ ¥ § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ Ïr© ·e ©÷ ‰z‡ ¨ © ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯¤ ‡¤ô l`¥
Ÿ § ¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁÂ
ÌBi‰© ¯kÊz ¤ ¨ £ © EÈÓÁ¯
¤ £ © ˙l„b
© ª § :˙ȯB‰
¨ ¥ ‰·eLz ¨ §
‰z‡
¨ © Èk¦ ,ÌÈÓÁ¯a¦ £ © § eÈI‡
¥ ¥ ÔÙz
¤ ¥ :EÈ„È„È
¤ ¦ § Ú¯ÊÏ
© ¤ § ÌBÈ-Iηe
¨ §
,Ìc˜
¥ © § EÈt ¤ ¨ ‰JÙ˙·e
¨ ¦ § ¦ ÔeÁ˙a
£ © § :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰
¦ £ © ¨ Ïra © © ‡e‰
˙ڄ‰Î
Ì˘ (‰ :Á ËÙ ÌÈω˙ („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ËÈ ·-ÌÈÎÏÓ (‚ :· ÁÓ Ì˘ (· :È ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
‰ÈÓ¯È (Î :È ·È ·Âȇ (È :‰ ‰ˆ Ì˘ (Ë :ÂË ‰ Ì˘ (Á :ÂË ËÙ Ì˘ (Ê :·-‡ ‰ˆ Ì˘ ( :Â
Ù"Ú (Ò :ÁÈ Ë Ï‡È„ Ù"Ú ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡È ‰Î ÌÈω˙ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡Ï Ë ‰ÈÓÁ (Ï :Ê „È
:ÂË ,Ê ‰·¯ ˙ω˜ (˜ :ËÈ ‚Ï Ì˘ (ˆ :Â Ì˘ (Ù :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ ‰‡¯ (Ú :Ê ‡È ÌÈω˙
Ò ÈÚÈ·˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 119
E˙¯B˙a
§ ¨ § BÓk§ ,·eL Et‡ § © ÔB¯Á£ Ó¥à :Ì„wÓ¤ ¤ ¦ ÂrÏ
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © §
¨Ÿ § „¯i
‰Â‰È ¤ ¥Ââ© ÌBÈk§ ,ÔBI˙Â
¨ § ¦ § ‰ÒÁ ¤ ¡ ¤ EÈÙk
¤ ¨ § Iˆ¥ ·e ᧠:·e˙k¨
Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙i ¥ © § ¦ Ââ© ÌBÈk§ ,ÌL‡
¨ ¨ ‰ÁÓ˙¤ § ¦ § ÚLt-Ir
© ¤ © ¯·r Ÿ £ zã© :Ôra
¨¨ ¤
‡¯˜i¨ § ¦ Ââ© ÌBÈk§ ,¯Ó‡Ó ¨ £ © epÓ¤ ·ÈL˜˙ ¦ § © § e˙rÂL
¥ ¨ § © ÔÈʇz ¦ £ © :ÌL ¨
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § ,‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ÌL¥ ·1§
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰

‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Âä©
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âå§
¨ © kæ¦ :erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨ © § ·BË È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
˜„ˆa
¤ ¤ § EÓL· § ¦ § ‡¯B˜-ÔÈ¥ ‡è¥ :Ôȇ ¦ ¨ Ì„‡a ¨ ¨ ¨ ¯LȨ ¨ § ı¯‡‰-ÔÓ
¤ ¨ ¨ ¦ „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ ca© `ç̈
eqÙ-Èk
© ¦ „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ ¯Ó‚-Èk
© ¨ ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰rÈLB ¨ ¦ ‰é :Ca¨ ˜ÈÊÁ‰I ¦ £ © § ¯¯BÚ˙Ó¥ § ¦
¦ kì¦ :¯B‡-‰‡¯
-Ìr-È ¤ § ¦ E¯B‡a
§ § ÌÈiÁ ¦ © ¯B˜Ó§ Enr-È § ¦ kë¦ :Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ÈaÓ
¥ § ¦ ÌÈeÓ‡
¦ ¡
¨ Ÿ Ÿ £ ÏkÓ
:ÂÈ˙Âr Ÿ ¦ χ¯NÈ-˙‡
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¤ ‰cÙÈ ¤ § ¦ ‡e‰Â§ :˙e„Ù§ Bnr¦ ‰a¯‰Â ¥ § © § ,„ÒÁ‰ ¨Ÿ §
¤ ¤ © ‰Â‰È
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ Ï©ð :eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr ¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mî§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èñ§ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί·¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr § © ©
¨Ÿ Èô§ :Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡ ¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ òȧ :‰IÒ ¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰
¨ ¦

‰˙‡N
¨ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡Î¤ £ © § .EcÒÁ ¤Ÿ § ‰f‰
¤ § © Ï„‚k ¤ © Ìr‰ Ÿ £ © ‡-ÁÏ
¨ ¨ ÔÂrÏ ¨ © Òö§
¯Ó‡ÈÂ
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § :‰p‰-„rÂ
¨ ¥ © § ÌȯˆnÓ
¦ © § ¦ ¦ ‰f‰
¤ © ÌrÏ̈¨
:ÁÈ Ê ‰ÎÈÓ Ù"Ú („ :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‚ :Á ÂÏ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·È ·Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:(ÈÂÈ˘·)  „Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ë :· Ì˘ ‰ÎÈÓ (Á :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (Ê :Ë Ì˘ ( :Ê-Â Ì˘ ˙ÂÓ˘ (‰
:Á ÂÓ Ì˘ (Ò :Ë ‚ Ì˘ ( :‚È ‚˜ Ì˘ (Ó :Á-Ê Ï˜ Ì˘ (Ï :È ÂÏ Ì˘ (Î :· ·È ÌÈω˙ (È
:ËÈ „È ¯·„Ó· (ˆ :È Î Ì˘ (Ù :‚È „Ù Ì˘ (Ú
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
ÈÚÈ·˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 120

:LxacM
¤ ¨ § ¦ iYglq
¦ § © ¨ dedi
¨Ÿ § xn`I
¤ Ÿ eà©
¯Èr‰Â ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ‰‡¯e
¦ ¨ § ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ¥ § EÈÈr¤ ¥ Á˜t© § ,ÚÓLe
¨ § Eʇ § § ¨ | ȉχ© Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰á©
ÌÈIÈtÓ
¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ir
¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ | Èk¦ ,‰ÈÏr¨ ¤ ¨ EÓL § ¦ ‡¯˜-¯L‡
¨§¦ ¤ £
,‰ÁÏÒ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr
¤ £ © © Èk¦ ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § eÈeÁz
¥ £ ©
‡¯˜
¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk
§ ¦ ¦ ,ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ErÓÏ
§ © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ
© © § © ,‰Nr ¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰
¨ ¦ § © È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © © § E¯Èr-Ïr
§ ¦ ©
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
Ûk© ˙N¯Bt ¤ ¤ ‰ÁtÈ˙Ó ¨ § © § ¦ ‰i‡Â ¨ ¦ £ © ‰i‡ ¨ ¦ £ zã© ˙a¯ © © ‰„e‰È-˙¨ § a©â zlEzA © §
.dȨ ·Á¯n· © § ¤ © Èr ¦ ¥ £ EÈ˙‡¯˜ ¦ ¨ § ¯ˆn‰-Ô © ¥ © Óä¦ .‰È·L ¨ § ¦ ȘnrÓ ¥ § ¦ ¥
‰p‰¨ ¥ ˙ËaÓe ¤ ¤ © ‰¯ÊrI ¨ § ¤ § ÔÈr ¦ © ˙‡NB ¥ :‰ÈÂ¯Ï ¨ ¨ § ¨ ‰p‡ÈˆBz
¨¤ ¦ ÌÈnÓe
¦ © ¦ L‡Ó ¥ ¥
˙˜ÙBÒ¤¤ .‰È„r
¨ ¦ £ ˙B¯ÊbÓ ¥ § ¦ ‰È¯Èˆa
¨ ¤ ¦ § ‰¯Èk·Ók ¨ ¦ § © § ˙ÏÏBÁ˙Ó ¤ ¤ § ¦ .‰p‰Â̈ ¨¥
:‰p¯eLÈ
¨ ¤ § ÈÓ¦ È˙˜˙ ¦ ¨ § ¦ ‡BÙ‡¥ ‰i‡ ¥ © .dBÈ‚‰a ¨ § ¤ § dÓB‰Â ¨ § Ûk© χ¤ Ûk©
‰ÈÙ¯ÁÓ
¨ ¤ § ¨ § „Èa © § ezk § ¦ § .dB‡‚ ¨ § È·ˆe ¦ § ‰È˙BkLÓe
¨ ¤ § § ¦ dLÙ ¨ § © ˙e„ȄȦ §
‰i‡¥ © .‰˙ ¨ ¨ ¨ ‰ÈÏr¨ ¤ ¨ dIB˜·e ¨ § ‰È„rBÓ ¨ ¤ £ CB˙a§ ˙‚‡BM‰ ¤ ¤ © .drÓ ¨ © § „È·e ©§
.E˙Óeȇ
¤ ¨ £ ‰¯e·Le ¨ § ‰ˆeÙ ¨ § ˙eI‚Ï ¨ § È·MÓ ¦ § ¦ :‡¨ ‡·È Ÿ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·c © §
EI§ IB˜a§ Áe¯ © ¯ˆB˜·e
¤ § .E˙¯·r ¤ ¨ § ¤ ˙ÓȇÓe © ¥ ¥ E˙ÓÁ § ¨ £ ÌrÊ © © ÈtÓ
¥§ ¦
˙È·¥ Enr § © zLË ¨ § © ¨ :E˙¯e·‚e ¤ ¨ § E˙‡˜ § ¨ § ¦ ‰i¥‡©å .E˙nrÏ ¤ ¨ ª § ˙‚‡BL ¤¤
¢æ ¨ ·ÈB‡‰
‰i¨ ¦ ‡k ¥ ¨ ı¯‡a ¤ ¤ § ÌÈr ¦ ¨ § ÌÈ‚Á ¦ ¨ .ÌÈ·L ¨ § ¦ ı¯‡a ¤ ¤ § χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨§ ¦
‰i‡¥ © .Ìi‡ ¨ © ‰rB¯ ¤ È˙ÙBÓ
¥ § ÌÈIÏBÚ¦§ ÌÈχBL
¦ £ ˙B·‡Ï ¨ § .ÌÈ-·Ia ¨ ¤ §
ee˜Á¯ £ ¦ .e˙ÏÁ¥ ¨ £ © eÒÒBa § ÌL-ÈÏ·
¥ ¦ § Èa-Ìb ¥ § © I·-È ¨ ¨ ¥ aç§ :ÌiÓ ¨ ¦ ÌIrn‰¥£© ©
.e˙˜˙
¥ ¨ § ¦ ‰„· ¨ § ‡é̈ e¯Ê‚ § © § ¦ e¯Ó § © ‡è̈ .eˆ¯‡ ¥ § © Ïe·bÓe § ¦ e˙Ó„‡ ¥ ¨ § © IrÓ ©¥
È·Ï
¥ § ¦ | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯BÎÊì§ :eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £ eI-e¯tÒ ¨ § ¦ ¯L‡ ¤ § § ¦ ¨ ‰i¥‡ë©
¤ £ EÈ˙B‡ÏÙ-IÎ
ÛBNÁ£ .CI‰˜ ¨ ¨ § ÈÏIBÚ ¥§ ıtÂ
¥ ¦ § ȯÈa‡© ¦ © ıv¯ ¥ ¦ .CIÎȉ¨ ¨ ¥ ˙B·¯Á § ¨ ÌB„‡¡
:CϨ Ôz © ¦ ¯„r‰ ¤ ¥ ¨ ‰i‡ ¥ © .CÏ·Á ¨ § ¤ ˙Èr¯Ó ¦ § © Ì„iÓ ¨ ¨ ¦ Lwa ¥ © ErB¯Ê £ §
ÏÁBÓ
¥ ,˙e„ÈÒÁa
¦ £ © ‚‰˙Óe
¥ © § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯
¦ £ © ‡qk
¥ ¦ Ïr© ·LB ¤ ¤ l`¥
¥ Èî CÏÓ
‰IÈÁÓ
¨ ¦ § ‰a¯Ó
¤ § © ,ÔBL‡¯¦ ÔBL‡¯¦ ¯È·r Ÿ£
¦ £ Ó©ð ,Bnr© ˙BÂr
ÌȇËÁÏ
ÁȘ ÌÈω˙ (‰ :· ËÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È („ :ÂË ‡ ‰Îȇ Ù"Ú (‚ :ËÈ-ÁÈ Ë Ï‡È„ (· :Î „È ¯·„Ó· (‡ ‡"Â˙
„ ‚ ‰Îȇ (Ë :Á Ï ·Âȇ (Á :ËÈ Ï ÈÏ˘Ó (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ‚Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‰
‡¯˜È (Ó :Ê ÊϘ ÌÈω˙ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚È Â ÌÈËÙ¢ (Î :‡È ÊÏ Ï‡˜ÊÁÈ Ù"Ú (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
:‡ ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ( : ,ËÎ ‰·¯
‡Ò ÈÚÈ·˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 121
¯Na-Ïk
¨ ¨ ¨ Ìr¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ‰N ¤ ŸÚà ,ÌÈrLBtÏ
¦ § © ‰ÁÈÏÒe ¨ ¦ § ÌȇËÁÏ
¦ ¨£©
LGL§ ¯ÓBÏ © el¨ ˙ȯB¨ ¥ ‰á I‡¥ .ÏBÓ‚z § ¦ Ì˙r¯Î Ÿ ,Áe¯Â
¨ ¨ ¨ § ‡Ï © §
ÂrI
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © § ,‰¯Nr ¥ § ¤ LŸÏL§ ˙ȯa ¦ § ÌBi‰© eI-¯ÎÊ
¨ ¨ § ,‰¯Nr
¥§ ¤
ÌL¨ Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙iÂ
¥ © § ¦ © Ôra
¨ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § „¯i ¤ ¥Ââ© ·e˙kL¨ ¤ BÓk§ ,Ì„wÓ
¤¤ ¦
¨Ÿ § ÌL
:‰Â‰È ¥ ·1§ ‡¯˜i ¨ § ¦©
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰

‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Âã©
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âä§
¨ © kå¦ :erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨Ÿ £
¨ © § ·BË È„‡
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ Ï©ç :eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mæ§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ èȧ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί·
¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr§ © ©
¨Ÿ Èë§ :Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡
¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨Ÿ Èé§ :‰IÒ
¨ § ‰Â‰ Ÿ £ © ȉχ
¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ ¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰
¨ ¦

‰˙‡N
¨ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡ÎÂ
¤ £ © § .EcÒÁ ¤Ÿ § ‰f‰
¤ § © Ï„‚k ¤ © Ìr‰ Ÿ £ © ‡-ÁÏ
¨ ¨ ÔÂrÏ ¨ © Òì§
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § :‰p‰-„rÂ
¨ ¥ © § ÌȯˆnÓ
¦ © § ¦ ¦ ‰f‰
¤ © ÌrÏ̈¨
:LxacM
¤ ¨ § ¦ iYglq
¦ § © ¨ dedi
¨Ÿ § xn`I
¤ Ÿ eî©
¯Èr‰Â ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ‰‡¯e
¦ ¨ § ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ¥ § EÈÈr
¤ ¥ Á˜t© § ,ÚÓLe
¨ § Eʇ§ § ¨ | ȉχ© Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰©ð
ÌÈIÈtÓ
¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ir
¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ | Èk¦ ,‰ÈÏr
¨ ¤ ¨ EÓL § ¦ ‡¯˜-¯L‡
¨§¦ ¤ £
,‰ÁÏÒ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr
¤ £ © © Èk¦ ,EÈÙϤ ¨ § eÈeÁz
¥ £ ©
'‰
Ì˘ (‰ :Ê-Â Ì˘ („ :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‚ :· ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ‰‡¯ (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·)  ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
Î Ì˘ (Î :‚È „Ù Ì˘ (È :Á ÂÓ Ì˘ (Ë :Ë ‚ Ì˘ (Á :‚È ‚˜ Ì˘ (Ê :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ ( :Ë
:ËÈ-ÁÈ Ë Ï‡È„ ( :Î Ì˘ (Ó :ËÈ „È ¯·„Ó· (Ï :È
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
ÈÚÈ·˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 122
‡¯˜
¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk © Ÿ ¡ ErÓÏ
§ ¦ ¦ ,ȉχ § © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ
© © § © ,‰NrÂ
¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰ ¨Ÿ £
¨ ¦ § © È„‡
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © © § E¯Èr-Ïr
§ ¦ ©
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡

‰Lz‰ ¨ ¨ ª ‰·LÈ ¨ § ¨ ÏÙLa ¤ ¤ § .˙È¯a„ ¦ ¨ § © ‰Óχ ¨ ¨ ¡ ¤ d„B·k ¨ § „B‰ qt` ©¨


‰Ïlc¨ ¨ ª .˙Èp¯BÁ‡ ¦ © £ ‰‚eÒ ¨ § ‰‚e ¨ ‰‚eÒ ¨ Ìb© .˙Èz¯·‚ ¦ ¨ § © § ‰LÏÁ ¨ ¨ ¡¤
‰IIeÁ
¨¨ ‰ÏÏeʨ¨ ‰ÏÏe‰‰
¨ ¨ © :˙È¯Èr ¦ ¨ ¥ ˙ÈB¯‰‡ ¦ £ © ‰iÂÏ ¨ ¦ § ‰ÏÏÓe‡¨¨ §
d¯Ê ¨ § ¦ d¯Ê ¨ ¥ .‰re¯ˆk ¨ § ¦ ˙‡ÓË ¥ § ¦ § ‰Â„ ¨ ¨ BÓk§ ˙¯Ê ¥ § ¦ § .‰re¯Ù ¨ § ‰ËBÒÎe ¨ §
EȇÏË ¤ ¨ § :‰re¯Ê ¨ § ‡Ï Ÿ ı¯‡ ¤ ¤ aৠ‰¯ft˙ ¨ § © § ¦ ‰¯ÊÁ ¨ § ¨ .‰re„b ¨ § ÔBʯÙe ¨ § ÏlÁ ©ª
© Ÿ .‡ÓˆÂ
Ák ¥ ¨ § ·r¯ ¨ ¨ Û‡LÈ © § ¦ ˜B¯rÈ £ © ˜B¯ÁÈ £ © .‡n‚È ¥ © § ‡ÓË ¥ ¨ Ê‚B¯·e
¤ § Lr¯a © ©§
‰nk ¤ © ÌÈÓrt ¦ ¨ § Û‡© ˙B¯BÓʧ ÌÈÁIBLÏ ¦ § § .‰n·e ¤ © Ú„eÈ © ¨ ¦ ‡BهᥠE˙¯e·b § ¨ §
rBLa
© § ÈÏÈΠ© ¥ § ·È„a ¦ ¨ § Ï· ¨ ¨ .ËÏÁe‰© £ ‰nÏ ¨ ¨ ·¯ÒÏ ¥ ¨ § ·¯¨ ÏLÓÓ © § ¦ :‰nΠ¤ ©§
·bNÓ¨ § ¦ ‰È‰˙ ¤ § ¦ ‰È‰ Ÿ ¨ ¯Êr ¤ ¥ .ËÏÓeÈ © § EÓLa § ¦ § ‡¯˜ ¨ § ¦ EÈIr ¤ ¨ B¯·Ò § ¦ .ËIL̈©
Ì˙k ¤ ¤ ¯z ¥ © ÔÁˆ © © .¯˙r‰ ¥ ¨ ¥ Bϧ ¯r¯r‰ ¨ § © ¨ ˙lÙz-I‡ © ¦ § ¤ ‰¥ t⧠:ËÏÙÓe ¨ § ¦
ÌÓB˜ ¥ ÌÓB¯ ¥ .¯˙B‰¥ ¨ § È¥ aä§ Á˜Ùz
‰˙eÓ˙ © § ¦ ÁB © ˜ã .¯˙p·k ¤ ¤ © § Òak ¥©
¯Èrz ¦ ¨ .¯B·Le § Ú„b © § ËaÁÓ ¥ © § ËaÏÓ ¥ © § ËaL ¥ © :¯˙e‰Ï ¥ ¨ ¦ § ‰·BËI ¨ § ÌÓL ¨ §
ÛBÒ‡z ¡ ¤ ÛBÒÎz § ¦ ˙B„ÁÎ ¨ § ¦ ˙B„·B‡ § .¯Ba‚k ¦ § Áȯˆz
© ¦ § © rȯ © ¦ zå̈ ‰‡˜ ¨§ ¦
‡¯˜z ¨ § ¦ ‰reLÈ ¨ § :¯BaÓ¦ ˙BÏr‰I £ © § ÌÓB¯Ï ¥ § ıa¯Ï ¥ © § ıa˜Ï ¥ © § .¯Baˆz § ¦
.˙BÓBw‰© ÈÓ¯ ¥ ¨ CÓ‰ ¥ ¨ ˙B‰B·b‰ § © ÏtL‰ ¥ § © .˙BÓBÁ§ ÏÁ¥æ ˙ÈLz ¦ ¨
eLaÏÈ § § ¦ ÌÈÏÈc‚n‰
¦ ¦ § © © ÌÈ„B¯ ¦ .˙BÓÁ ¨ ¤ „˜Ùa ¤ ¤ § ·L‰ ¥ ¨ EÈÁeÏ ¤ § EÈÁËBa ¤ §
·¯˜ ¥ ¨ ÔÓÊ © § LÈÁ¦ .Áψ‰ © § © EÈ„È„È ¤ ¦ § EÈ„·r ¤ ¨ £ ËJÓ ¥ © ÈcL © © :˙BnIÎe ¦ § ˙L ¤ Ÿ·ç
‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ‰z‡-È ¨ © kè¦ .ÁÏÒ © § eÈ˙‡hÁÂ¥ Ÿ © § eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ eÏ-ÏÁÓ
¨ © § .ÁÏLz © § ¦ Ì˙e„t ¨ §
:ÁlÒÂ
¨ © § ·BË

ÌÁ¯¥ © kî§ .e‡·¨ EÓL· ¥Ÿ £ -m`é¦


§ ¦ § eì Eϧ e‡˙¨ ‡ë̈ .e·¨ er¨ eÈÂr
.epÓÁz
¤ £ © § Bn‡¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ Lȇ¦ kð§ .eÓÁ¯
¥ £ © ÌÈa-Ïr
¦ ¨ © ·‡¨
:eËÈrÓz-Ôt
¥ ¦ § © ¤ Et‡a-ϧ © § ‡©ñ
‰˙‡
:‡ ‡Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÁÈ ·˜ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :ÊË ‚Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (· :· · ‰ÈÓ¯È (‡ ‡"Â˙
:ÂÎ ‰Ï ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (Á :Á · ‰Îȇ Ù"Ú (Ê :‚È ·Ó ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú ( :‡È ËÚ ÌÈω˙ (‰
:È „È ·-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·Î ‚ Ì˘ (Î :Ê „È ‰ÈÓ¯È (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‰ ÂÙ Ì˘ (Ë
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) „Î È ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ò :‚È ÂÒ ‰ÈÚ˘È ( :‚È ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (Ó
·Ò ÈÚÈ·˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 123
„Èa
© § EÈa
¤ ¨ .Ál‡
© ¦ ¯ˆÈ¤ ¤ rB¯
© e˙B‡ ¨ .ÁlÒ ¨Ÿ § ‰z¨ ‡à©
¨ © § ·BË ‰Â‰È
.ÁÏÓ‰
¨ § © eaÏ
¥ ¦ ˙Bi¯ÒÓ
¦ § © „Èa
© § .ÁlLlÓ
© © § ¦ ÌrLt
¨ § ¦
:eËÈrÓz-Ôt § © § ‡á©
¥ ¦ § © ¤ Et‡a-Ï

Ÿ § EÈ„ÒÁÂ
‡Ï ¤ ¨ £ © EÈÓÁ¯
¤ £ © ÏbÏb
¥ § © .ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¥ ã „ÒÁ
¦ ¨ £ ¨ ¯ˆB ¤ ¤ ÏB„bâ§
ÌÈÙÈrk
¦ ¥ £ © EcÒÁ§ § © eÈnc
¦ ¦ .ÌÈÙelÒÂ
¦ ¦ § ̘ȯ ¨ ¥ ‡ÏŸ E¯·c§ ¨ § .ÌÈÙelÁ
¦ ¦
.ÌÈÙelrÂ
¦ ¦§
:eËÈrÓz-Ôt
¥ ¦ § © ¤ Et‡a-χ
§ © § ©

Bz˜zÂ
§ © ¦ .ÔB‚Ï
¥ § ̇¦ Eȯ·c
¤ ¨ § ÏÁ‰
¥ ¨ .ÔBa˙‰
¥ § ¦ ¯Èˆ¦ ˙Ȉ¦ ˙kÒ‰
¥§ ©
.ÔpÁ
¥ © e˙B‡
¨ ‰cÓa
¨ ¦ § d·e
¨ .ÔpL
¥ © ÔepÁ¦ EÈίc
¤ ¨ §
:eËÈrÓz-Ôt
¥ ¦ § © ¤ Et‡a-χ
§ © § ©

CB˙Á£ .ÏelÓ¦ Ú‚¯k ¦ § © Ìr© Ê©å .Ïel‰¦ Eϧ ˙BÁkL


© ¤ § ÔÈ˘z ¨ § ¦ ¯BÎÊä§
.ÏeÏÁ¨ Eȯ˜BÁ
¤§ ÌpÁ
¨ ¦ ÔBÁ .Ïelt¦ ÔÈc¦ ÌÈiÁ¦©
:eËÈrÓz-Ôt
¥ ¦ § © ¤ Et‡a-χ
§ © § ©

r„BÈ
© ¥ .ÏÈÏrÂ
¦ £ © ÔeÓ˨ ÔB„ʨ rBz
© .ÏÈψ˙
¦ § © BÎBz L¯‚
© § ¦ ËÈ˦
.ÏÈÏ‚˙
¦ § © eÈIr
¥ ¨ ‰·BËÏ
¨ § „Ȩ .ÏÈÏrn-‰Ó
¦ £ © © ¯ˆÈ
¤¤
:eËÈrÓz-Ôt
¥ ¦ § © ¤ Et‡a-χ
§ © § ©

.·l‰
¥ © ˙e¯È¯L¦ § eç ˙e¯LÈ
§ © ˙e¯Lk§ © .·Ï¥ ÈÏÈ·Le ¥ ˙BÈϨ kæ§
¥ ¦ § ÔÁBa
.·ÏÎÓe
¥ § © ·eL ˜B˙Ó¨ ÔrI © © .·ÏBÚ
¥ Ìr¦ ·eIr¨ ·Ï¥
:eËÈrÓz-Ôt
¥ ¦ § © ¤ Et‡a-χ
§ © § ©

Ÿ ¨ ϘL
ÔÂr ¤ ¤ Ïw¥ © .‚¯r
¤ ¤ Eϧ ˙¯¯B˜Ó
¤ ¤ § .‚¯‰ ¤ ¤ ÔÈ„¦ ÈËÓ
¥ ¨ ÏÈvÓ
¦ ©
.‚¯Ë˜Ó
¥ § © § ‡·aŸ § ÈeN¨ e‡N
§ ¨ .‚¯zN‰Ó
¥¨ § ¦ ¥
:eËÈrÓz-Ôt
¥ ¦ § © ¤ Et‡a-χ
§ © § ©
ÔÂÁ¯Ò
˙ÂÓ˘ („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Á ‰Ó˜ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) „Î È ‰ÈÓ¯È (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
Ìȯ·„ Ù"Ú (Á :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Î ‡È ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ê :‡ ,Ê ˙Âί· ‰‡¯ ( :‡ ,ÂË ˙ÈÚ˙ Ù"Ú (‰ :Ê „Ï
:ÁÈ ËÎ
ÈÚÈ·˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 124
Ÿ ¨ .ÌzzÒ‰
ÔÂr ¨ © § ¦ ÔrË© © ÛiÊ
¥ © B¯ÙÒ
§ ¦ .ÌzÁp‰
¨ § ¤ © „r¥ ·˙k¨ § ÔBÁ¯Ò
§¦
.ÌzȨ ¦ EÈÓÁ¯
¤ £ © „È-Ïr
© © .ÌzÎp‰
¨ § ¦ © ÔÈr
¦©
:eËÈrÓz-Ôt § © § ‡à©
¥ ¦ § © ¤ Et‡a-Ï

.Ô˜B¯˙‰lÓ
¥ § ¦ § ¦ Èet¨ ÌÈÓ ¥ § t©á .Ôwz‰
¦ © È‚Ï ¥ © ¦ Ek¯cÓ§ § © ¦ Ô·‡
¤ ¤ ‰pt
¥©
.Ôw‰
¥ © ÌÁ¯
¥ © ÔÓÁ¯Îe
¨ £ © § ˙nˆ ¥ © .Ô˜ÊÂ
¥ ¨ § ¯r
© © ÏBLÎÓ § ¦ ¯eˆ
:eËÈrÓz-Ôt
¥ ¦ § © ¤ Et‡a-χ
§ © § ©

.¯eÓ˙¨ § ÈeL¨ CBÈ‚Ï


¨ § ¦ ÈLe˜
¦ .¯eÓ‡¨ CÒel˜
¨ ¦ ˙Bv¯Ï © § ·B¯˜¨
¤ § ÌÁ¥ ¯â© .¯eÓL
.¯eÓb¨ ÔÈc¦ Ê‚B¯a ¨ ÁˆI Ÿ C·È¯
© ¤ ¨ ‡Ï ¨ ¦
:eËÈrÓz-Ôt
¥ ¦ § © ¤ Et‡a-χ
§ © § ©

¤ Ÿ ÌÈÏe˙L
˙e„Ïȧ © ¯LÈ ¦ § .˙e¯ÁL£ © Á·L© ¤ ÌÈ·L¦ ¨ ÌÈ·N̈
¦
.˙e¯Á¨ ÌÈiÁ
¦ © Âz¨ ÔBÁz¨ .˙e¯Áz
£ © „vÓ
© ¦ ˙e¯Á¥ Ô‚z
¥ ¨ .˙e¯Áa
£©
:eËÈrÓz-Ôt
¥ ¦ § © ¤ Et‡a-χ
§ © § ©

.·¯‰ ¤ ¤ Lc˜
¥ © ÚÈÒ
© § ËrÓ
© § .·¯˜˙Ó
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¯Oa¥ © ÌBÏL
¨ ÌBÏL̈
„ÁÈ© © *‡ÈË ¤ Ÿ © .·¯r
¨ ¦ § ËLw‰ ¥ ¨ ˙Á‡k© © § Ô‰ÈÙelÁÂ
¤ ¥ ¦ § ˙B¯eka‰
©©
.·¯r̈
¥
:eËÈrÓz-Ôt
¥ ¦ § © ¤ Et‡a-χ
§ © § ©

·‡¨ ÌÁ¯¥ © kæ§ .e‡·¨ EÓL· ¥Ÿ £ ̇ã¦


§ ¦ § eå Eϧ e‡˙¨ ‡ä̈ .e·¨ er¨ eÈÂr
Et‡a-χ
§ © § © .epÓÁz ¤ £ © § Bn‡¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ Lȇ¦ kç§ .eÓÁ¯¥ £ © ÌÈa-Ïr
¦¨ ©
:eËÈrÓz-Ôt
¥ ¦ § © ¤
ÏÁBÓ
¥ ,˙e„ÈÒÁa ¦ £ © ‚‰˙Óe
¥ © § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © ‡qk
¥ ¦ Ïr© ·LB ¤ ¤ l`¥
¥ Èè CÏÓ
‰IÈÁÓ
¨ ¦ § ‰a¯Ó ¤ § © ,ÔBL‡¯¦ ÔBL‡¯¦ ¯È·r ¦ £ Ó©é ,Bnr© ˙BÂr Ÿ£
¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ Ìr¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ‰N ¤ ŸÚë ,ÌÈrLBtI
¦ § © ‰ÁÈÏÒe ¨ ¦ § ÌȇËÁI ¦ ¨£©
Á¯Â
.‡Ë
∆ ∆ Lw‰
≈ « :‡" (*
Ì˘ (‰ :Ê „È ‰ÈÓ¯È („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ‚ ˜Â˜·Á (‚ :‚ ‡ ÌÈω˙ (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) „Î È ‰ÈÓ¯È (‡ ‡"Â˙
‰·¯ ‡¯˜È (Ë :‚È ÂÒ ‰ÈÚ˘È (Á :‚È ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (Ê :È „È ·-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·Î ‚
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) Â Ì˘ ÌÈω˙ (Î :· ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ (È : ,ËÎ
‚Ò ÈÚÈ·˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 125
LŸÏL§ ¯ÓBÏ© el¨ ˙ȯB¨ ¥ ‰à χ¥ .ÏBÓ‚z § ¦ Ì˙r¯Î Ÿ ,Áe¯Â
¨ ¨ ¨ § ‡Ï © §
ÂrI
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © § ,‰¯Nr ¥ § ¤ LŸÏL§ ˙ȯa ¦ § ÌBi‰© eI-¯ÎÊ
¨ ¨ § ,‰¯Nr
¥§ ¤
ÌL¨ Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙iÂ
¥ © § ¦ © Ôra ¨Ÿ § „¯i
¨ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¤ ¥Âá© ·e˙kL¨ ¤ BÓk§ ,Ì„wÓ
¤¤ ¦
¨Ÿ § ÌL
:‰Â‰È ¥ ·1§ ‡¯˜i¨ § ¦©
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰

‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Ââ©
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âã§
¨ © kä¦ :erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨ © § ·BË È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ Ï©æ :eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr ¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Må§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èç§ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί· ¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr § © ©
¨Ÿ Èé§ :Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡ ¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ èȧ :‰IÒ ¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ȉχ ¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰ ¨ ¦
eBl„© Èk¦ ,EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © eeÓc˜È § © § ¯‰Ó ¥ © ,ÌÈBL‡¯ ¦ ¦ ˙BÂr Ÿ £ eÏ-¯kÊz ¨ ¨ § ¦ -l`©ë
-eÏ-¯ÎÊ
¨ ¨ § EcÒÁk Ÿ § ¦ © eÈrLÙe
§ § © § ¯kÊz-I‡ ¥ ¨ § | eȯeÚ ¥ § ˙‡h Ÿ Áì© :„‡Ó Ÿ §
:‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § E·eË § ÔrÓÏ© © § ,‰z‡ ¨ ©
,Enr¤ © ÔBˆ¯a § ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § e¯Î¥ § Êð̈ :‰n‰ ¨ ¥ ÌÏBÚÓ ¨ ¥ Èk¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁ ¤ ¨ £ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © xk Ÿ fî§
Ë·L¤ ¥ zχb
¨ § © ¨ Ì„w ¤ ¤ ,˙È˜
¨ ¦ ¨ | E˙„r § ¨ £ ¯Î Ÿ Êñ§ :E˙reLÈa
¤¨ ¦ e„˜t ¥§¨
˙·‰‡
© £ © ,ÌÏLe¯È
¦¨ ¨ § ˙aÁ © ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯BÎʧ :Ba zÎL ¨ § © ¨ | ‰Ê¤ ÔBiˆ-¯‰ ¦ © ,E˙ÏÁ ¤¨ £©
‡·-Èk
¨ ¦ dÁI¨ § ¤ § ˙r-Èk ¥ ¦ ,ÔBiˆ¦ ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ìe˜˙¨ ‰z¨ ‡ô© :ÁˆÏ © ¤ ¨ ÁkLz-Ï © § ¦ ‡ò© ÔBiˆ¦
e¯r¨ | e¯r¨ ÌȯӇ‰ ¦ § Ÿ ¨ ,ÌILe¯È
¦¨ ¨ § ÌBÈ ˙‡¥ ,ÌB„‡¡ È·Ï ¥ § ¦ | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯Î Ÿ Êö§ :„rBÓ¥
„Ú
Ì˘ ( :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (‰ :Ë Ì˘ („ :Ê-Â Ì˘ (‚ :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (· :· ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ‰‡¯ (‡ ‡"Â˙
Ê ‰Î Ì˘ (Ï :Á ËÚ Ì˘ (Î :È Î Ì˘ (È :‚È „Ù Ì˘ (Ë :Á ÂÓ Ì˘ (Á :Ë ‚ Ì˘ (Ê :‚È ‚˜
:„È ·˜ Ì˘ (Ù :ËÈ Ì˘ (Ú :· „Ú Ì˘ (Ò :(ÈÂÈ˘·) „ ˜ Ì˘ ( :Â Ì˘ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
:Ê ÊϘ Ì˘ (ˆ
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
ÈÚÈ·˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 126
zraL
¨ § © § ¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ EÈ„·r ¤ ¨ £ χ¯NÈÏe¥ ¨ § ¦ § ˜ÁˆÈÏ ¨ § ¦ § ̉¯·‡Ï ¨ ¨ § © § ¯Î Ÿ àʧ :da¨ „BÒȉ § © „r©
,ÌÈÓM‰¦ ¨ ¨ © È·ÎBÎk ¥ § § ÌÎr¯Ê-˙‡ ¤ £ § © ¤ ‰a¯‡ ¤ § © ̉I‡ ¤ ¥ £ ¯a„z ¥ © § © Ca¨ ̉Ï̈ ¤
¯ÎŸ Ê᧠:ÌÏÚÏ ¨ Ÿ § eÏÁ £ ¨ § ÌÎr¯ÊÏ ¤ £ § © § Ôz‡ ¥ ¤ Èz¯Ó‡ ¦ § © ¨ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ˙‡f‰ Ÿ © ı¯‡‰-ÏΠ¤¨ ¨ ¨§
‰f‰ ¤ © Ìr‰ ¨ ¨ ÈL˜-I‡ ¦ § ¤ ÔÙz-I‡ ¤ ¥ © ,·˜rÈÏe Ÿ £ © § ˜ÁˆÈÏ ¨ § ¦ § ̉¯·‡I ¨ ¨ § © § EÈ„·rI ¤ ¨ £©
eI‡B
§ © ¯L‡ ¤ £ ,˙‡hÁ ¨ © eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ˙L˙ ¥ ¨ ‡-Ï ¨ ‡â© :B˙‡hÁ-I‡Â ¨ © ¤ § BÚL¯-I‡Â § ¦ ¤§
:e¯ˆBÈ
¥ § eÏ-ÁÏÒ ¨ © § e¯eˆ ¥ e‡ËÁ ¨ ¨ :e‡ËÁ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡Â ¤ £©
ۇ© § ·B˜rÈ £ © È˙ȯa-˙‡
¦ ¦ § ¤ Èz¯ÎÊ ¦ § © ¨Â㧠,z¯Ó‡ ¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ˙B·‡¨ ˙ȯa ¦ § eϨ xFkf§
:¯kʇŸ § ¤ ı¯‡‰Â ¤ ¨ ¨ § ¯kʇ Ÿ § ¤ ̉¯·‡ ¨ ¨ § © È˙ȯa-˙‡ ¦ ¦ § ¤ ۇ © § ˜ÁˆÈ ¨ § ¦ È˙ȯa-˙‡
¦ ¦§ ¤
˙ȯa ¦ § Ì‰Ï ¤ ¨ Èz¯ÎÊ ¦ § © ¨ä§ ,z¯Ó‡ ¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ÌÈBL‡¯ ¦ ¦ ˙ȯa ¦ § eI¨ ¯BÎʧ
˙BÈ‰Ï § ¦ ÌÈBb‰ ¦ © ÈÈrÏ ¥ ¥ § ,ÌȯˆÓ ¦ © § ¦ ı¯‡Ó ¤ ¤ ¥ Ì˙‡-È˙‡ˆB‰ ¨Ÿ ¦ ¥ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ,ÌÈL‡¯ ¦Ÿ ¦
Ÿ © © Âå§ ,ezÁË·‰L
˙‡Ê-Ìb-Û‡ ¨ § © § ¦ ¤ BÓk§ enr ¨ ¦ ‰Nr ¥ £ :‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È‡ ¦ £ ÌÈ‰Ï‡Ï ¦ Ÿ ¥ Ì‰Ï ¤¨
¯Ù‰Ï¥ ¨ § Ì˙lÎÏ ¨ Ÿ © § ÌÈzIr‚-‡Ï ¦ § © § Ÿ § ÌÈzÒ‡Ó-‡G ¦ § © § Ì‰È ¥ §Ÿ ı¯‡a
¤ ·È‡ ¤ ¤ § Ì˙Bȉa ¨ § ¦
‰Ók ¨ § eÓÁ¯Â ¥ £ © § e˙e·L ¥ § ·L‰ ¥ ¨ :̉ȉχ ¤ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È‡ ¦ £ Èk¦ ,Ìz‡ ¨ ¦ È˙ȯa ¦ ¦§
Eˆa˜Â
§ ¤ ¦ § ·L ¨ § ,EÓÁ¯Â ¤ £ ¦ § E˙e·L-˙‡ § § ¤ EȉG‡ ¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ·L ¨ Âæ§ ,·e˙kL ¨¤
‰Ók ¨ § eÈÁc ¥ ¨ ¦ ıa˜ ¥ © :‰nL ¨ ¨ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EˆÈÙ‰ § ¦ ¡ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ÌÈnr‰-ÏkÓ ¦ ©¨ ¨ ¦
EȉG‡ ¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Eˆa˜È § ¤ © § ÌMÓ ¨ ¦ ,ÌÈÓM‰ ¦ ¨ ¨ © ‰ˆ˜a ¥ § ¦ EÁc £ © ¦ ‰È‰È-Ì ¤ § ¦ ‡ç¦ ,·e˙kL ¨¤
·rÎ ¨ ¨ È˙ÈÁ ¦ ¦ Óè̈ ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § ÔrΨ ¨ ¤ § ·rk ¨ ¨ eÈrLÙ ¥ ¨ § ‰ÁÓ ¥ § :EÁwÈ ¤ ¨ ¦ ÌMÓe ¨ ¦
eÈrLÙ ¥ ¨ § ‰ÁÓ ¥ § :EÈzI‡‚ ¦ § © § Èk¦ ÈI‡ © ¥ ‰·eL ¨ ,EÈ˙‡hÁ ¤ Ÿ © ÔrΠ¨ ¨ ¤ § EÈrLt ¤¨ §
ÈrÓÏ
¦ £ © § EÈrLÙ ¤ ¨ § ‰ÁÓ ¤ Ÿ ‡e‰ ÈÎ‡ ¦ Ÿ ¨ ÈÎ ¦ Ÿ ‡é̈ ,z¯Ó‡ ¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ErÓI §© ©§
,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § ¯ÓvΠ¤ ¤ © § ‚ÏMk ¤ ¤ © eȇËÁ ¥ ¨ £ Ôaω ¥ § © :¯kʇ Ÿ § ¤ ‡Ï Ÿ EÈ˙‡hÁ ¤ Ÿ ©§
,eÈaIÈ ¦ § © ‚ÏMk
¤ ¤ © ÌÈMk ¦ ¨ © ÌÎȇËÁ ¤ ¥ ¨ £ eȉÈ-̇ § ¦ ¦ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯Ó‡È © Ÿ ‰ÁÎe ¨ § ¨ ¦ § ‡-eÎ ¨ ϧë
e¯‰ËÂ¥ £ © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ˜B¯Ê§ :eÈ‰È § ¦ ¯Óvk ¤ ¤ © ÚÏBzÎ ¨ © eÓÈc‡È-̇ ¦§© ¦
ÏkÓŸ ¦ ,Ìz¯‰Ëe ¤ § © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © ÌÎÈIr ¤ ¥ £ Èz˜¯Ê ¦ § © ¨Âì§ ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ §
e˙ÈÁLz
¥ ¦ § © χ © § eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ © :ÌÎ˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ¯‰Ë‡ ¥ © £ ÌÎÈIelb-ÏkÓe ¤ ¥ ¦ ¨ ¦ ÌÎÈ˙‡ÓË ¤ ¥Ÿ § ª
,E˙ÈÁLȤ ¦ § © ‡Ï Ÿ § Et¯È § § © ‡Ï Ÿ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ Èkî¦ ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ §
e··Ï-˙‡
¥¨§ ¤ ÏBÓ :Ì‰Ï ¤ ¨ ÚaL © § ¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ EÈ˙·‡ ¤ Ÿ £ ˙ȯa-˙‡ ¦ § ¤ ÁkLÈ © § ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ §
E··Ï-˙‡
§ ¨§ ¤ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏÓ¨ eð ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § EÓL-˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ‰·‰‡Ï ¨£©§
ELÙ-Ïηe
§ § © ¨ § E··I-ÏÎa § ¨ § ¨ § EȉG‡ ¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ¤ ‰·‰‡Ï ¨ £ © § ,Er¯Ê ¤ § © ··Ï-˙‡Â ©§ ¤§
ÌMÓ ¨ ¦ ÌzLw· ¤ § © ¦ eñ ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § e˙Lw·a ¥ ¨ ¨ © § eϨ ‡ˆn‰ ¥ ¨ ¦ :EÈiÁ ¤ © ÔrÓÏ ©©§
˙‡
Ì˘ ( :‰Ó Ì˘ (‰ :·Ó ÂÎ ‡¯˜È („ :‡È ·È ¯·„Ó· (‚ :ÊÎ Ë Ìȯ·„ (· :‚È ·Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‡ ‡"Â˙
χ˜ÊÁÈ (Ï :ÁÈ ‡ Ì˘ (Î :‰Î ‚Ó Ì˘ (È :·Î „Ó ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ë :„ Ì˘ (Á :‚ Ï Ìȯ·„ (Ê :„Ó
:ËÎ „ Ì˘ (Ò :Â Ï Ì˘ ( :‡Ï „ Ìȯ·„ (Ó :‰Î ÂÏ
„Ò ÈÚÈ·˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 127
:ELÙ-Ïηe
¤ § © ¨ § E··Ï-ÏÎa
§ ¨ § ¨ § epL¯„˙¤ § § ¦ Èk¦ ,˙‡ˆÓe¨ ¨ ¨ Eȉχ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È-˙‡
¨Ÿ § ¤
,·e˙kL¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § E˙lÙz ¤ ¨ ¦ § ˙È·a¥ § eÁnNÂ
¥ § © § EL„˜¤ § ¨ ¯‰-I‡
© ¤ e‡È·z ¥ ¦ §
¤ ¥Ÿ
̉È˙ÏBÚ ,È˙lÙz
¦ ¨ ¦ § ˙È·a ¥ § ÌÈzÁnNÂ
¦ § © ¦ § ÈL„˜
¦ § ¨ ¯‰-χ
© ¤ ÌÈ˙B‡È·‰
¦ ¦ £ à©
:ÌÈnr‰-ÏÎÏ
¦ © ¨ ¨ § ‡¯wÈ ¥ ¨ ¦ ‰lÙz-˙Èa
¨ ¦ § ¥ È˙È·
¦ ¥ Èk¦ ,ÈÁaÊÓ-Ïr
¦ § § ¦ © ÔBˆ¯Ï¨ § ̉ÈÁ·ÊÂ
¤ ¥ § ¦§
:ÏÏη „Ú ‡Ï Â·ÊÚ˙ χ „Ú ,ω˜Â ÔÊÁ ,˜ÂÒÙ ¯Á‡ ˜ÂÒÙ ÌȯÓ‡ Ô¯‡‰ ÔÈÁ˙ÂÙ

Ïa˜Â
¥ © § eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯Â ¥ © § ÒeÁ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eÏB˜
¥ ÚÓL
© §
:e˙lÙz-˙‡
¥ ¨ ¦ § ¤ ÔBˆ¯·e ¨ § ÌÈÓÁ¯a ¦ £ ©§
:Ì„˜k
¤ ¤ § eÈÓÈ
¥ ¨ LcÁ ¥ © ‰·eLÂ
¨ ¨ § EÈχ ¤ ¥ | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § e·ÈL
¥ ¦ ‰£á
:epnÓ
¤ ¦ Áwz-χ
© ¦ © EL„˜ § § ¨ Áe¯Â
© § EÈÙlÓ ¥ ¦ § © ‡©â
¤ ¨ § ¦ eÎÈÏLz-Ï
:e·Êrz-χ
¥ § © © © eÁk ¥ Ÿ ˙BÏÎk § ¦ ‰˜Ê
¨ § ¦ ˙rÏ ¥ ¦ § © ‡©ã
¥ § eÎÈÏLz-Ï
‰·BËÏ
¨ § ˙B‡ enr-‰N ¨ ¦ ¥ r£å :epnÓ ¤ ¦ ˜Á¯z-χ
© § ¦ © ,eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § e·Êrz-Ï
¥ § © © ‡ä©
æ̈ £ :ezÓÁÂ
eȯ¥Ó‡ ¨ § © ¦ § ez¯Êr
¨ § © £ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰z‡-Èk¨ © ¦ eL·È Ÿ ¥ § eȇN
¥ §Ÿ e‡¯ÈÂ
§¦ §
eaÏ
¥ ¦ ÔBÈ‚‰Â
§ ¤ § eÈÙ-ȯӇ
¦ ¥ § ¦ | ÔBˆ¯Ï ¨ § eȉ§ Èç¦ :e‚È‚‰
¥ ¦ £ ‰Èa
¨ ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | ‰Èʇ‰ ¨ ¦£ ©
¨Ÿ £ ‰r˙
È„‡ ¤ £ © ‰z‡ ¨ © ,eÏÁB‰
§ ¨ ¨Ÿ § EI-È
‰Â‰È § kè¦ :eχB‚Â
¥ £ § e¯eˆ ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ,EÈÙÏ ¤¨§
:eȉG‡
¥ ¡
:Ô¯‡‰ Ôȯ‚ÂÒ
© © § ¦ © Âë§ ,e˙lÙz
Ìlr˙z-χ ¥ ¨ ¦ § EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ‡B·zé̈ ,eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¥ Epidl` ¥Ÿ ¡
EÈÙI
¤ ¨ § ¯ÓBÏ
© ,Û¯Ú¤Ÿ ÈL î§ ÌÈÙ
¥ ˜e ¦ ¨ Èf¥rì© e‡¨ ÔȇL
¥ ¤ ,e˙pÁzÓ
¥¨¦ § ¦
§ © £ Ï·¨ ‡£ð ,e‡ËÁ
eÁ‡ ¨ ¨ ‡ÏŸ § eÁ‡§ © £ ÌȘÈcˆ¦ ¦ © ,eÈ˙B·‡
¥ £ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È
¨Ÿ §
:e‡Ë¨ Á1̈ eÈ˙B·‡Â
¥ £©
.e„ʧ © .erL¯ ò¦ § .eÈÂr
§ © § ‰Â ¦ ¡ ‰¤ñ .ÈÙc ¦ Ÿ e¯ac§ © ¦ .eÏÊb
§ © ¨ .e„‚a§ © ¨ .EpnW § © `2̈
.eˆI
§ © .e·fk
§ © ¦ .Ú¯¨ eˆrÈ § © ¨ .¯˜L¤ ¤ eÏÙ§ © Ëô̈ .eÒÓÁ
§ © ¨
.Û¯Ú¤Ÿ eÈM˜
¦ ¦ .e¯¯ˆ§ © ¨ .erLt
§ © ¨ .eÈÂr
¦ ¨ .e¯¯Ò§ © ¨ .eˆ‡
§ © ¦ .e„¯Ó̈
§©
Â¯Ò
:erzrz
§ ¨ § ¦ .eÈrz¦ ¨ .e·rz§ © ¦ .e˙ÁL
§ © ¦ .erL¯ §© ¨
Ì˘ (‰ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë ‡Ú Ì˘ („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚È ‡ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :‡Î ‰ ‰Îȇ (· :Ê Â ‰ÈÚ˘È (‡ ‡"Â˙
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ËÈ Ì˘ (Á :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ‰ Ì˘ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÈ ÂÙ Ì˘ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·Î ÁÏ
ÁÎ Ìȯ·„ Ù"Ú (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ‰ Ì˘ (Î :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚ ÁÙ Ì˘ (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊË ÁÏ Ì˘ (Ë
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ì˘ (Ú : ˜ ÌÈω˙ (Ò :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ,ÊÙ ‡ÓÂÈ ( :Ë „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (Ó :
:ËÒ ËȘ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Ù
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ (1 ˙‚‰‰
ÈÙÏ ÌÈÏÓ‰ ¯‡˘· ÔΠ,(Ê ÛÈÚÒ Ê¯˙ ÔÓÈÒ Ê"‰„‡ Ú"¢ ‰‡¯) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ËÚÓ ‰Á˘È (2
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó) ·-‡‰ ¯„Ò
ÈÚÈ·˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 128
Ïr© ˜Ècˆ ¦ © ‰z‡ ¨ © Â⧠:eϨ ‰ÂL-‡Ï ¨ ¨ Ÿ Â᧠ÌÈ·Bh‰ ¦ © EÈËtLn ¤ ¨ § ¦ Óe ঠEÈ˙ˆnÓ ¤ Ÿ § ¦ ¦ Epx§ q ©1
:erL¯ § ¨ § ‰1¦ eÁ‡Â § © £ © ˙ÈNr ¨ ¦ ¨ ˙Ó‡-Èk ¤ ¡ ¦ ,eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ‡a‰-Ïk ¨© ¨
eaÏ¥ ¦ ‰Â¨cä¨ .NBNÓ¨ epnÓ ¤ ¦ ‰Ï¨ bã̈ .¯Bc-ÏkÓ ¨ ¦ eLa § Ÿ .Ìr-ÏkÓ ¨ ¨ ¦ EpnW` § © ¨
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa¥ Ïe·Êå§ .e¯‡t
.eLc˜Ó ¥ ¥ § Ú¯Ù © § ¦ § .eÈee‡ ¥ ¦ ÏaÁ‰ © § ª .eȇËÁa ¥ ¨£©
eÁk¥ Ÿ .ÌȯÊÏ ¦ ¨ § e˙Ó„‡ ¥ ¨ § © ÈÙBÈ ¦ .‰nLÏ ¨ © § ‰˙ȉ ¨ § ¨ e˙¯È ¥ ¨ Ëæ¦ .eÈÂra ¥Ÿ £ © ·¯Á ©¨
:ÌȯÎÏ ¦ § ¨§
¯ÓBÏ© ,et¯r¥ § ¨ ‰L˜ ¤ § © § eÈt ¥ ¨ ÊÈr ¦ ¨ Cȉ¥ .e˙eÚhÓ ¥ ¨ ¦ e·L § © ‡Ï Ÿ oicÓe ¦ ©£©
Ÿ § eÁ‡
‡Ï § © £ ÌȘÈcˆ ¦ ¦ © ,eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EÈÙÏ ¤¨§
:e‡Ë¨ Á1̈ eÈ˙B·‡Â ¥ £ © eÁ‡ § © £ Ï·¨ ‡£ç ,e‡ËÁ ¨¨
.eÈÏr ¥ ¨ Ìlr ¨ ª e˙ § ¨ .epnÓ ¤ ¦ ˯BÓÓe ¨ § CMÓ ¨ ª Óè§ .eÏÓr ¥ ¨ £ e˜Lr § ¨ EpipiÓl ¥ ¥§
.Ì„iÓ Ôȇ ˜¯t
¨ ¨ ¦ ¥ ¥ Ÿ
é .e· eÏLÓ ÌÈ„·ré .eÓÎL Ir eÏ·Ò
¨ § ¨ ¦ ¨ £ ¥ § ¦ © § © ¨
.eÈÂra¥Ÿ £ © epnÓ ¤ ¦ z˜Á¯ ¨ § © ¨ .eȉG‡ ¥ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Ee‡¯˜ ¨ § .ee··Ò ¨ § ˙Ba¯© ˙B¯ˆ¨
:e„·‡Â § ¨ ¨ § eÈrz ¦ ¨ .EȯÁ‡Ó ¤ £ © ¥ e·§ L ©ë
ew ¥ © :Èw ¦ ¥ © ˙B¯zÒpÓ ¨ § ¦ ¦ ,ÔÈ·È-ÈÓ ¦ ¨ ¦ ˙B‡È‚¦ L §ì ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ¯Ó‡ © ¨ E˜„ˆ § § ¦ giWn © ¦ §
˜B¯Êe ,eÈ˙B‡ÓË-IkÓ e¯‰Ë eÈrLt-ÏkÓ eȉχ ‰Â‰È
§ ¥ § ª ¨ ¦ ¥ £ © § ¥ ¨ § ¨ ¦ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ¨Ÿ §
ÌÈÓ¦ © ÌÎÈÏr ¤ ¥ £ Èz˜¯Ê ¦ § © ¨î§ ,E‡È· ¤ ¦ § „È-Ir © © ·e˙kk ¨ © ,e¯‰Ë ¥ £ © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © eÈÏr ¥¨
:ÌÎ˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ¯‰Ë‡ ¥ © £ ÌÎÈÏeJb-ÏkÓe ¤ ¥ ¦ ¨ ¦ ÌÎÈ˙B‡ÓË ¤ ¥ § ª IŸkÓ¦ ,Ìz¯‰Ëe ¤ § © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ §
Á˜t © § ,ÚÓLe ¨ § Eʇ § § ¨ | ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰ñ© ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ÚeL © ¦ ˙B„eÓÁ-LÈ £ ‡ð¦ l`Ipc ¥¦ ¨
| Èk ,‰ÈIr EÓL ‡¯˜-¯L‡ ¯Èr‰Â ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ‰‡¯e EÈÈr
¦ ¨ ¤ ¨ § ¦ ¨ § ¦ ¤ £ ¦ ¨ § ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ¥ § ¤ ¥
EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr
¤ £ © © Èk¦ ,EÈÙI ¤ ¨ § eÈeÁz ¥ £ © ÌÈÏÈtÓ ¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ïr ¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ
,‰Nr ¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰ ¨ ¦ § © È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰ÁÏÒ ¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL ¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰̈ ¦ ©
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © © § E¯Èr-Ir § ¦ © ‡¯˜ ¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk § ¦ ¦ ,ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ErÓÏ § © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ ©© § ©
Èt
© ¨ ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ Ìȯ‰Ï ¦ ¨ § ÈzÓÏÎ ¦ § © § ¦ § ÈzLa ¦ § Ÿ ,È‰Ï © Ÿ ‡¡ò ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ¯Ó‡ © ¨ ¯ÙBq‰ ¥ © `xfÓ ¨§ ¤
„r© ‰Ï„‚ ¨ § ¨ e˙ÓL‡Â ¥ ¨ § © § L‡¯ Ÿ ‰IrÓÏ ¨ § © § e·¯ « ¨ eÈ˙Âr ¥ Ÿ Ÿ £ Èk¦ EÈχ ¤ ¥
Ÿ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
‡Ï ¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡-C¯‡ ¦ © © ¤ ¤ ÌeÁ¯Â © § ÔepÁ© ˙BÁÈÏÒ ¦ § dBI‡ © ¡ ‰z‡ ¨ © Âô§ :ÌÈÓMϦ¨ ¨©
e¯ˆBÈ
¥ § eÁÈÊz ¥ ¦ § © χ © § ,e‡¯Ba ¥ § eLhz ¥ § ¦ χ © § eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ e·Êrz ¥ § © © χ© :Ìz·Êr ¨ § ©£
¯·c‰-˙‡
¨ ¨ © ¤ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eϨ Ìi˜Â ¤ © § ,eÈ˙‡hÁk ¥ Ÿ © § ‰Ïk ¨ ¨ enr ¨ ¦ Nrz © © I‡Â ©§
Â˙ÁË·‰˘
:‡È „Î ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú („ :‚Ï Ë ‰ÈÓÁ (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÎ ‚Ï ·Âȇ (· :ËÏ ËȘ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (‡ ‡"Â˙
· ,ÊÙ ‡ÓÂÈ (Á :ÂÎ ËÒ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (Ê :‚È Á ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ Ù"Ú ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÈ ‰ ‰Îȇ (‰
ËÈ ÌÈω˙ (Ï :‡È ÂË ‡-χÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (Î :Á Ì˘ ‰Îȇ (È :Ê ÁÈ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ë :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
:ÊÈ Ë ‰ÈÓÁ (Ù :Â Ë ‡¯ÊÚ (Ú :ËÈ-ÁÈ Ë Ì˘ (Ò :‡È È Ï‡È„ ( :‰Î ÂÏ Ï‡˜ÊÁÈ (Ó :‚È
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ (1 ˙‚‰‰
‰Ò ÈÚÈ·˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 129
˙r·e
¥ ¨ ̉‰ ¥ ¨ ÌÈÓi ¦ ¨aà© ,¯eÓ‡k ¨ ¨ .CÊBÁ
¨ e‰ÈÓ¯È ¨ § § ¦ È„È-Ïr
¥ § © ‰Ïa˜a ¨ ¨ © § ezÁË·‰L
¨ § © § ¦ ¤
Ÿ § ‰„e‰È
‡Ï Ÿ © ¤ § epȇÂ
¨ § ˙‡hÁ-˙‡Â ¤ ¥ § χ¯NÈ Ÿ £ ¤ Lw·È
¥ ¨ § ¦ ÔÂr-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ª § ‡È‰‰
© ª § ‰Â‰È-̇ ¦ ©
ȇӈ
¥ ¥ § E·e˧ È·r¯
¥ ¥ § E˙IÁ§ ¨ £ © § En§ rá© :¯È‡L‡¦ § © ¯L‡I ¤ £ © ÁIÒ‡ © § ¤ Èk¦ ‰‡ˆn˙
¨ ¤¨ ¦
:˙BÁÈÏq‰Â
¦ § © § ÌÈÓÁ¯‰
¦ £ © ¨ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ Ï©â Èk¦ eڄȧ ¥ § e¯ÈkȦ © .ErLÈ
¤ § ¦ È·‡z
¥ ¥ § EcÒÁ
¤§ ©
‰Nr ¥ £ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èä§ . EÓL ¤ § ‡¯˜ ¨ § ¦ ea¨ . EÓL ¤ § ÔepÁ㩠χ¥ . EÓL ¤ § ÌeÁ¯ã© l`¥
. E˙ȯa
¤ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EzÓ‡ 1¤ ¦ £ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ ©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ E˙c . ¤ ¨ ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ Ez¯‡Ù˙ ¤ § © § ¦ § EÏ„b § § ¨ ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £
ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ E¯ÎÊ . ¤ § ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ E„eÚ . ¤ ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ E„B‰ . ¤
ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„eÁÈ ¤ ¦ ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E·eË ¤ ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EcÒÁ ¤§ ©
ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E˙eÎÏÓ ¤ § © ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ E„enÏ. ¤ ¦ ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E„B·k ¤ §
. E¯‡t¤ ¥ § ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . Efr ¤ ª ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„BÒ ¤ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EÁˆ ¤§¦
EÈÓÁ¯¤ £ © ÔrÓI© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙M„˜ ¤ ¨ ª § ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙˜„ˆ ¤ ¨ § ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
‰Nr .
¥ £ E˙l‰z ¤ ¨ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ E˙ÈÎL. ¤ ¨ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ ©¨
. ·˜rÈÂ
Ÿ £ © § ˜ÁˆÈ ¨ § ¦ ̉¯·‡ ¨ ¨ § © ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . ¯Ùr ¨ ¨ ÈÎB ¥ § Lå EÈ·‰B‡ ¤£ ÔrÓI
©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ ‰ÓÏLe Ÿ Ÿ § „Âc ¦ ¨ ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ Ô¯‰‡Â Ÿ £ © § ‰LÓ ¤ Ÿ ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £
‰Nr .
¥ £ E„B·k ¤ § ÔkL © § Óç¦ ÔBiˆ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ EL„˜. ¤ § ¨ ¯Èr¦ ÌÏLe ¦© ¨ ¯È æ§
‰Nr ¥ £ . EÁaÊÓ ¤ § § ¦ ˙eÒȯ‰ ¦ £ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EÏÎȉ ¤ ¨ ¥ ˙BÓÓL § ¦ ÔrÓÏ ©©§
. E„eÁÈ
¤ ¦ Ir© ÌÈÁe·Ë ¦ § ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ EL„˜. ¤ § ¨ ÌL ¥ Ïr© ÌÈ‚e¯‰ ¦ £ ÔrÓI ©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EÓL ¤ § Lec˜¦ Ïr© ÌÈn·e ¦ © © L‡· ¥ ¨ ȇa ¥ ¨ ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £
. eÚLÙ § ¨ ‡lL Ÿ ¤ ·IÁ ¥ bé§ ÔrÓÏ
¨ ¨ ÈÏeÓ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . e‡ËÁ § ¨ ‡lL Ÿ ¤ ÌÈ„L ¦ © ¨ Ș¥ BÈ è§
‡ÏŸ ̇¦ ErÓÏ § © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ Ôa¯ . ¨ © ˙Èa¥ ÏL ¤ ˙B˜BÈzë¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
:erÈLB‰Â
¥ ¦ § ErÓÏ § © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . erÓÏ¥£ © §
¥ £ . er
er ¥ £ eÈ·¦ ‡î̈ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Epp¥2 Ó £ì
¥ £ . er
er ¥ £ eL¯Bc ¥ § er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ eχB ¥ £ bñ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ e‡¯B¥ § að
:er¥ £ ÔÓ‡p‰ ¨ ¡ ¤ © χ¥ ‰ò̈
ÂÚ
„È ‰ÈÓ¯È (‰ : „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë Ë Ï‡È„ (‚ :ÂÎ Ë Ìȯ·„ (· :Î  ‰ÈÓ¯È (‡ ‡"Â˙
:ÊË · χÂÈ Ù"Ú (Ë :Á ÂÎ ÌÈω˙ (Á :„Î .ÊË Ì˘ χÈ„ Ù"Ú (Ê :ËÈ ÂÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È ( :Ê
ÊÏ ÁÈ ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ (Ï :È·Ï ‰"„ È"˘¯ ‡ ,ÊÈ ˙Âί· ‰‡¯Â .· ,‚Ï ˙·˘ (Î :Ë ÁÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (È
:Ë Ê Ìȯ·„ (Ú :„ ÊÓ Ì˘ (Ò :‡ ‚Ó Ì˘ Ù"Ú ( :ÊË ‚Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
.ÌÏÂη ÔΠ,C˙ȯa » ƒ ¬ ÔÚÓÏ :„ÈÓ˙ ¯Ó‡ ,˙ÂÁÈÏÒ· ¯Â·Èˆ ÁÈÏ˘Î È·¯‰ (1 ˙‚‰‰
» ƒ¿ .CzÈÓ‡
,ȯ˘˙-ÏÂχ ,'„"·Á È‚‰Ó ¯ˆÂ‡' ‰‡¯) ˙‡˜ÒÙ‰ ÈÓÂÈÒ· ÂϘ ı"˘‰ ‰È·‚Ó ÂÚ ˙¯ÈÓ‡· (2
.(ÁÎ 'ÓÚ
ÈÚÈ·˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 130
:er¥ £ Ìi˜Â ¨ © § ÈÁá© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ¯LÈ ¨ ¨ § CÊà© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ § ˜È˙ ¦ ¨ Epp¥ Ó
£1
ÌÈÒrk ¦ ¨ § L·B ¥ kä er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ¯ˆÈ ¤ ¤ r„B © ¥ Èã er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ·ÈËÓe ¦ ¥ ·BËâ EppÓ ¥£
ÌÈÎIn‰¦ ¨ § © ÈÎÏÓ ¥ § © CI¤ Ó¤æ er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § L·B ¥ Ïå er ¥ £ er. ¥£
:er ¥£
˙ra ¥ § ‰B ¤ Úé er ¥ £ . er¥ £ ÏÁBÓe ¥ ÁÏBÒ
© ¥ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ·bN è¦ § ‡¯B¨ ç EppÓ
¨ § Â ¥£
:er¥ £ ¯LÈ ¨ ¨ § ˜Èc¦ ˆë© er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ÏÈvÓe ¦ © ‰„B ¤ té er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ‰¯ˆ ¨¨
C¯î© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÒBÚÎÏ § ¦ ‰L ¤ ˜î̈ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ Âȇ¯B˜Ï¨ § § ·B¯˜ì̈ EppÓ ¥£
:er ¥ £ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯ð© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ˙Bv¯I ©§
¥ £ . er
er ¥ £ ÌÈÓÈÓz ¦ ¦ § CÓBz ¥ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÌÈBÈ·‡-χ
¦ § ¤ ¤ rÓB © ¥ Lñ EppÓ ¥£
„Á© tö© er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ̉¯·‡¨ ¨ § © È‰Ï ¥ Ÿ ‡¡ô er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £ È‰Ï ¥ Ÿ ‡¡ò
. er¥ £ ÌÈË·M‰ ¦ ¨ § © ˙¯Êr © § ¤ er ¥ £ er. ¥ £ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ¯È·¦ ‡£÷ er ¥ £ er. ¥ £ ˜ÁˆÈ ¨ §¦
È·¦ ‡£ù er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ÔBˆ¯¨ ˙ra ¥ § ‰B ¤ Úø er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ˙B‰n‡ ¨ ¦ ·bNÓ © § ¦ er ¥£
:er¥ £ ˙BÓχ ¨ § © Ôi©cù© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÌÈÓB˙È ¦ §
¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ
‰rL ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰i¯Bn‰ ¨ ¦ © ¯‰a © § eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ ̉¯·‡Ï ¨ ¨ § © § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ in ú¦
¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓঠ. erÈ
‰rL ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÁaÊn‰ © ¥ § ¦ © Èab-Ir ¥ © © „˜rpLk © ¡ ¤ ¤ § Ba§ ˜ÁˆÈI ¨ § ¦§
ÌȯeÒ‡‰¦ £ ¨ ˙È·a ¥ § ÛÒBÈÏ¥ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ I‡¥ ˙È·a ¥ § ·˜rÈÏ Ÿ £©§
. erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÛeÒ-ÌÈ-Ir © © eÈ˙B·‡Ï ¥ £ © ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓú¦ . erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰
‰zÁna
¨ § © © Ô¯‰‡Ï Ÿ £ © § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ·¯BÁa ¥ § ‰LÓÏ ¤ Ÿ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓá¦
. erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰„r‰ ¨ ¥ ¨ CBzÓ¦ BÓe˜a§ ÒÁÈÙÏ ¨ § ¦ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ⦠erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰
χeÓLÏ
¥ § ¦ ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓú¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÏbÏba ¨ § ¦ © rLB‰ÈÏ©ª ¦ ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓú¦
‡e‰ ÌÏLe¯Èa ¦¨ ¨ ¦ B·§ ‰ÓÏLe Ÿ Ÿ § „Â„Ï ¦ ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓú¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰tˆna ¨§ ¦ ©
¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ㦠erÈ
‰rL . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÏÓ¯k‰ ¤ § © © ¯‰a © § e‰iÏ‡Ï ¨ ¦ ¥ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓú¦ . erÈ ¥£©
‡e‰ ‰‚c‰ ¨ ¨ © ÈrÓa ¥ § ¦ ‰BÈÏ ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓú¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ BÁȯÈa ¦ ¦ ÚLÈχI ¨ ¦ ¡¤
ÂÚÈ
‚˜ Ì˘ Ù"Ú („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÁÒ ËȘ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊΠ χÈ„ (· : Á ·Âȇ Ù"Ú (‡ ‡"Â˙
:‡Î Ê Ìȯ·„ Ù"Ú (Á :‡ ,‚ ˙·‡ (Ê :ÊÈ Ë ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú ( :‡ ,Ê ˙Âί· ‰‡¯ (‰ :„È
:ÁÈ ‰Ó˜ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (Ï :„ ·Ï Ìȯ·„ (Î :‚ ,„ ˙Âί· ÈÓÏ˘Â¯È (È :‰ ‚Ï ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ë
ÂÎ ˙È˘‡¯· (Ù :Ê ÂÎ Ìȯ·„ (Ú :„Ï ËÒ ÌÈω˙ (Ò : „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ ( :‡È ,‰ ˙·‡ Ù"Ú (Ó
Ù"Ú (˙ : ÁÒ ÌÈω˙ (˘ :Á ËÓ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (¯ :„Î ËÓ Ì˘ (˜ :·Ó ‡Ï Ì˘ Ù"Ú (ˆ :„Î
:· ,·Ù Ôȯ„‰Ò ‰‡¯ (‚ :ËÈ Ë Ìȯ·„ ‰‡¯ (· :‡È ,· ‰·¯ Ìȯ·„ (‡ :‡ ,ÂË ˙ÈÚ˙
:·Î-‡Î · ·-ÌÈÎÏÓ („
,ȯ˘˙-ÏÂχ ,'„"·Á È‚‰Ó ¯ˆÂ‡' ‰‡¯) ˙‡˜ÒÙ‰ ÈÓÂÈÒ· ÂϘ ı"˘‰ ‰È·‚Ó ÂÚ ˙¯ÈÓ‡· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ÁÎ 'ÓÚ
ÂÒ ÈÚÈ·˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 131
ÈÓᦠ. erÈ¥ £ © ‡e‰ BÈÏÁa § ¨ § ‰„e‰È ¨ § CÏÓ ¤ ¤ e‰i˜ÊÁÏ ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓঠ. erÈ
¨ ¦ § ¦ § ‰rL ¥£©
. erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ L‡‰ ¥ ¨ ÔL·k¨ § ¦ CB˙a§ ‰È¯Êr ¨ § © £ © I‡LÈÓ
¥ ¨ ¦ ‰ÈÁϨ § © £ © ‰rL ¨¨ ¤
ÈÎc¯ÓÏ
© § § ¨ § ‰rL .
¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ˙Bȯ‡ ¨ £ ·B‚a§ χi„I ¥ ¦ ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓâ¦
‰ÏBba
¨ © ‡¯ÊrÏ ¨ § ¤ § ‰rL¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ erÈ. ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰¯Èa‰ ¨ ¦ © ÔLeLa
© § ¯z҇ ¥§ ¤§
ÌÈÓÈÓz‰Â
¦ ¦ § © § ÌÈ„ÈÒÁ‰Â ¦ ¦ £ © § ÌȘÈcv‰-ÏÎÏ
¦ ¦ © © ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰
:erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÌȯLȉ ¦¨ §©§
¨ ¨ © § ÂÓÁ¯
Ì„‡-„È·e ¨ £ © ÌÈa¯-Èk
¦ © ¦ ‰Â‰È-„È·
¨Ÿ § © § ‡p-‰Ït
¨ ¨ § ¦ „‡Ó Ÿ § ÈÏ-¯ˆ
¦ © „b-χ
¨ ¤ „Âc ¦ ¨ xn`I
¤ Ÿ eã©
¨Ÿ ¤ ©
:‰Ït‡-χ
(̉ÈÙ ÏÚ ÌÈÏÙÂ Ôȇ)
Ïa˜Â¥ © § ÈÏr © ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ © ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © ‡Ï¥ Óå̈ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § .EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § È˙‡ËÁ ¦ ¨ ¨ ÔepÁ © § mEgxä©
ÈpÁ
¦ ¥ ¨ :È¯qÈ˙¦ ¥ § © § E˙ÓÁa-I‡Â § ¨ £ © © § ÈÁÈÎB˙ ¦¥ ¦ Et‡a-I‡
§ © § © ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èæ§ :ÈeÁz¨ £ ©
‰Ï‰·
¨ £ § ¦ ÈLÙ ¦ § © § :ÈÓˆr ¨ ¨ £ eω· £ § ¦ Èk¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È‡Ù¯ ¦ ¥ ¨ § È‡ ¦ ¨ ÏÏÓ‡ © § ª Èk¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ §
ÔrÓI
© © § ÈrÈLB‰ ¦¥ ¦ ÈLÙ¦ § © ‰ˆlÁ ¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰·eL ¨ :È˙Ó-„r
¨ ¨ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰z‡Â ¨ © § „‡Ó Ÿ §
,È˙Á‡a
¦ ¨ § © § | Èzr‚È ¦ § © ¨ :Cl-‰„BÈ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ IB‡La § ¦ E¯ÎÊ ¤ § ¦ ˙Âna ¤ ¨ © Ôȇ¥ Èk¦ :EcÒÁ ¤§ ©
ÈÈr
¦ ¥ ÒrkÓ © © ¦ ‰LLr ¨ § ¨ :‰ÒÓ‡ ¤ § © ÈN¯r ¦ § © È˙rÓ„a ¦ ¨ § ¦ § È˙hÓ ¦ ¨ ¦ ‰ÏÈI-Ïη ¨ § © ¨ § ‰ÁN‡ ¤ § ©
:ÈÈÎa
¦ § ¦ ÏB˜ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÚÓL-Èk © ¨ ¦ Ô‡ ¤ ¨ ÈÏrt-Ïk¥ £ Ÿ ¨ ÈpnÓ ¦ ¤ ¦ e¯eÒ :ȯ¯Bˆ-ÏÎa ¨ § ¨ § ‰˜˙r̈ ¨ §
¨ §Ÿ
ȷȇ-Ïk ¨ „‡Ó Ÿ § eωaÈ £ ¨ ¦ § | eL·È Ÿ ¥ :ÁwÈ ¨ ¦ È˙lÙz ¦ ¨ ¦ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È˙pÁz ¦ ¨ ¦ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÚÓL̈ ©
:Ú‚¯ © ¨ eL·È Ÿ ¥ e·LÈ̈ ª
„k© ‡¯a ¨ § .‡ÓÏr ¨ § ¨ ÈiÁÏ ¥ © § ÏB‡L § ÔÓ¦ ˜ÈqÓ ¦ © .‰iÁÓe ¤ © § ˙ÈÓ¦ Óç¥ ,ÈqÓe ¥ © ign ¥ ©
„ȯӄ ¦ ¨ § ‡c·r ¨ § © :dÈ·‡ÎÏ ¥ ¥ § ¦ Èq‡ ¥ © ÒÈÁ„ ¦ ¨ § ȉe·‡ ¦ £ .dÈ˜Ï ¥ § © ȉe·‡ ¦ £ ÈËÁ̈ ¥
ÔÈËÁÂ
¨ ¦ ¨ § Ô‡ ¨ £ C¯Îea ¨§ C¯¨ aè§ :dȯÏB˜ ¥¨ ¯Èa˙ ¦ © § ·È‡z ¦ ¨ dÈ¯Ó ¥ ¨ .¯ÏB˜a ¨ § ˜ÈÙ ¦¨
‡‰¨ .Cn˜ ¨ © Ô„B¯Óe¨ ¨ § Ô‡ ¨ £ Cc·r ¨ § © .Ôȯ¯Ó ¦ ¨ § ÔÈ„È‚a ¦ ¦ § ÔÈLÙ ¦ § © ȯ ¥ ¨ ‡‰¨ .Cn˜ ¨ ©
.ÔÈLÈÙc
¦ ¦ § ¦ CÓÁ¯a ¨ £ © § CpÓ ¨ ¦ eËÓa ¨ § .‡˙eȘIÓa ¨ ¦ § © § ‡‰¨ .‡È·La ¨ § ¦ § ‡‰¨ .‡˙Ê·a ¨§¦ §
:‡È·Ma
¨ § ¦ © ‡¯ÈÓb ¨ ¦ § ȉ ¥ ¡ ¤ ‡Ïc ¨ § „r© .ÔÏr ¨ £ ÛB˜˙c § ¦ ÔÈ·‡ÎÏ ¦ ¥ § ¦ Èq‡ ¥ ©
ÈrÈÓLÓ
¥ ¦ § © :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ Ïr© a©é ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .eÈÓÁ¯ ¥ £ © eÒÈΉ ¦ § © .ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © iqipkn ¥ ¦§ ©
ÈrÈÓLÓ :‰lÙz rÓBLë ÈÙI .e˙lÙz eÚÈÓL‰ .‰lÙz
¥ ¦ § © ¨ ¦ § © ¥ ¥ § ¦ ¥ ¨ ¦ § ¦ § © ¨ ¦ §
eÒÈΉ ¦ § © .‰rÓ„ ¨ § ¦ ÈÒÈÎÓ ¥ ¦ § © :‰˜rˆ ¨ ¨ § rÓB © ¥ Lì ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .e˙˜rˆ ¥ ¨ £ © eÚÈÓL‰ ¦ § © .‰˜rˆ ¨¨§
‰pÁz¨ ¦ § ea¯‰Â § © § eÏczL‰ § © § ¦ :˙BÚÓ„a ¨ § ¦ ‰v¯˙Ó ¤ © § ¦ CIÓ ¤ ¤ ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ eÈ˙BÚÓ„ ¥ § ¦
ÂÈÙÏ
¨ ¨ § eÚÈÓL‰ ¦ § © .ÂÈÙI ¨ ¨ § e¯Èkʉ ¦ § © :‡O ¨ ¦ § Ì¯î¨ Ï‡¥ CÏÓ ¤ ¤ ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .‰Lw·e ¨ ¨©
‰¯Â˙
˙ÂÓ˘ (‰ :„È „Î ·-χÂÓ˘ („ :‰Î-ÊÈ Â Ì˘ (‚ :ÊÎ-ÂÎ ‚ χÈ„ ‰‡¯ (· :È-· Î ·-ÌÈÎÏÓ (‡ ‡"Â˙
Ù"‰Ú Ô˙ÂÈ Ì‚¯˙ (Ë : · ‡-χÂÓ˘ (Á :‡È-·  ÌÈω˙ (Ê :‰ ,‡ ˙Âί· ÈÓÏ˘Â¯È ( : „Ï
:ÂË Ê ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ó :‡ ,ÂË ˙ÈÚ˙ (Ï :· ,ÁÎ ˙Âί· (Î :ÂË ,Ê ‰·¯ ˙ω˜ (È :·Î „ ˙ÂÓ˘
ÈÚÈ·˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 132
‰iÁÈÂ
¤ © ¦ Ì˙·‰‡ ¨ ¨ £ © ¯BkÊȧ ¦ .¯Ùr ¨ ¨ ÈÎB ¥§ L á ÏL ¤ ÌÈ·BË ¦ ÌÈNrÓe ¦ £ © ‰¯B¨ zà
‰È‰ ¨ ¨ ÔÓ‡ ¨ ¡ ¤ ‰rB ¤ ¯ã Ô‡ˆ Ÿ Èk¦ .·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ˙ȯ‡ ¦¥L §â „·‡˙ © Ÿ ‡HL ¤ Ìr¯Ê¨ §©
.erLÈ¥ § ¦ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ er ¥ £ ¯‰Ó ¥ © .‰ÈLIÂ
¨ ¦ § ¦ § ÏL ¨ ÓÏæ̈ § „Á‡ ¨ ¤ ÈBbå χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ .‰t¯ ä¤ §
¨ § ÁI
ÁÈLÓ
© ¦ § ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯a ¤ £ © § ‰rÈLB‰Â ¨ ¦ § ˙BL˜¨ ˙B¯Êb-IkÓ ¥ § ¨ ¦ e„Ùe ¥§
:Cnr ¨ © § C˜„ˆ ¨ §¦
ÔB‰lk § ª .dÈe·LÏ ¥ § ¦ ÔpÁ˙Ó„ ¥ © § ¦ § .‡È·L ¨ § ¦ ¯·k © § .ÔpÁ˙Ó ¨ ¥ © § ¦ CϨ .‡iÓL·c ¨ © § ¦ § oxn ¨¨
.ÈeÁ˙·e ÈÓÁ¯a χ¯NÈ Cnr .ÔȘ¯t˙Ó ‡tÒÎa .‡È·L Èa
¥ £ © § ¥ £ © § ¥ ¨ § ¦ ¨ © § ¦ § ¨ § ¦ ¨ § © § ¨ § ¦ ¥ §
:CÓ„˜ ¨ ¨ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ̘ȯ ¨ ¥ ¯c‰ © § ¤ ‡Ic ¨ § ÔÈ˙eÚ·e ¦ ¨ ÔÈzI‡L ¦ § ¦ § ÔϨ ·‰©
Ô‡
¨ £ ȘÈLr¥ ¦ £ .dȯÓÏ ¥ ¨ § ÔpÁ˙Óc
¥ © § ¦ § ‡c·rk ¨ § © § .ÔpÁ˙Ó ¨ ¥ © § ¦ CϨ .‡iÓL·c ¨ © § ¦ § oxn ¨¨
˙ÈI¥ ‡ÏÈÁ ¨ ¥ .ÔÈLÈÙ„ ¦ ¦ § ¦ ÔÈ˙˜rÓ ¦ § © ¥ ÔÈLÙ ¦ § © ÔÈ¯È¯Ó ¦ ¦ § .ÔȯL ¨ ¦ ¨ ‡ÎBLÁ·e ¨ £©
:‡˙‰·‡
¨ ¨ ¨ § © Ìr¦ z¯Ê‚c ¨ § © § ¦ ‡Ói˜ ¨ ¨ © IÈ„a ¦ § „È·r ¦ £ .Ô¯Ó ¨ ¨ CÈev¯Ï
¨ © § Ôä
,χ¯NÈ © Ÿ χÂ
¥ ¨ § ¦ „·‡È © § ,χ¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙ȯ‡ ¦¥L è§ ¯BÓL§ ,χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨§ ¦ xnF
¥ Wç
:χ¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ÚÓ© L §é ÌȯÓB‡‰
¦§ ¨
,„Á‡ © Ÿ χÂ
¨ ¤ ÈBb „·‡È ¨ ¤ rë© ˙ȯ‡L
© § ,„Á‡-Ì ¦ ¥ § ¯BÓL ¨ ¤ ÈBbå
§ ,„Á‡ xnFW
¥
:„Á‡¨ ¤ | ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ,eȉχ
¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â¨Ÿ‰È é § ,EÓL§ ¦ ÌÈ„ÁÈÓ‰
¦£© § ©
© Ÿ χÂ
ÈBb „·‡È © § ,LB„˜¨ Ìrî© ˙ȯ‡L ¦ ¥ § ¯BÓL § ,LB„˜¨ ÈBbì xnFW
¥
:LB„˜Ï ¨ § ˙BM„˜ ª § LÏLaŸ ¨ § ÌÈLlLÓ‰ ¦ § © § © ,LB„˜¨
,Èr
¦ ¨ ¯B„ϧ Òit˙‰Â
¥ © § ¦ § ‰v¯˙‰¤ © § ¦ ,ÌÈeÁ˙a
¦ £ © § Òit˙Óe
¥ © § ¦ ,ÌÈÓÁ¯a ¦ £ © § dSxzn
¤ ©§ ¦
:¯ÊBÚ
¥ Ôȇ¥ Èk¦
:‰z‡ ¨ ¨ ‡l‡
¨ ¤ CÏÓ ¤ ¤ eϨ Ôȇ¥ ekÏÓ ¥ § © eÈ·¦ ‡ñ̈ :‰z‡ ¨ ¨ eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ ekÏÓ¥ § © Epia¦ `ð̈
ea¨ Ôȇ¥ Èk¦ erÂ
¥ £ © epÁ
¥ ¨ ekÏÓ
¥ § © eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ :eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ § © eÈ·¦ ‡ð̈
¥ © ekÏÓ
:erÈLB‰Â
¥ ¦ § ÏB„b‰ ¨ © EÓL § ¦ ÔrÓÏ
© © § „ÒÁ¤ ¤ ¨ ‰˜„ˆ
¨ ¨ § enr ¨ ¦ ‰Nr ¥ £ ÌÈNrÓ
¦ £©
¯ÎŸ Êô§ :eÈÈr
¥ ¥ EÈÏr ¤ ¨ Èk¦ ,‰Nrp-‰Ó ¤ £ © © Ú„ © ¥ ‡Ï Ÿ Epgp` § © £ eò©
:‰n‰¨ ¥ ÌÏBÚÓ
¨ ¥ Èk¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁ ¤ ¨ £ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EÈÓÁ¯
¤£ ©
¨ ¨ § ¦ ‡©÷ :CϨ eÏÁÈ
eÏ-¯kÊz-I § © ¦ ¯L‡k
¤ £ © ,eÈIr ¨Ÿ § EcÒÁ-ȉ
¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È § § © ¦ Èö§
Ÿ § eBl„© Èk¦ ,EÈÓÁ¯
:„‡Ó ¤ £ © eeÓc˜È § © § ¯‰Ó¥ © ,ÌÈBL‡¯
¦ Ÿ£
¦ ˙BÂr
ÂÁ
„Î ‰ÈÓ¯È Ù"Ú (‰ :‚È ,Ê ‰·¯ ¯˙Ò‡ („ :Ê ‰ ‰ÎÈÓ (‚ :ËÈ ÂÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È (· :Ë , ˙·‡ Ù"Ú (‡ ‡"Â˙
:„  Ìȯ·„ (È : ‡Ï ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ë :„ ‡Î˜ ÌÈω˙ (Á :Ì˘ ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ê :‚Î Ê ·-χÂÓ˘ ( :Ë
:· ,‰Î ˙ÈÚ˙ (Ò :‡ , ˙ÈÚ˙ Û"ȯ ( :Â Ê Ìȯ·„ (Ó : ËÈ ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (Ï :Á ‚ ¯˙Ò‡ (Î
:Á ËÚ Ì˘ (˜ :·Î ‚Ï Ì˘ (ˆ : ‰Î ÌÈω˙ (Ù :·È Î ·-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ (Ú
ÊÒ ÈÚÈ·˘ ÌÂÈÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 133
:¯BkÊz § ¦ ÌÁ¯ ¤Ÿ a᧠:Êe· er·N
¥ © Ê‚¯ § © ¨ ·¯-Èk © ¦ ,epÁ ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ep¥ Áà̈
¤Ÿ § :¯BkÊz
Ê‚¯a § ¦ ˙BÓÈÓz ¦ § Ê‚¯a ¤Ÿ § :¯BkÊ˙ § ¦ ‰„˜r ¨ ¥ £ Ê‚¯a¤Ÿ §
-ÌBÈ·§ erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰ ¨ ¦ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ È⧠:¯BkÊ˙ § ¦ ‰·‰‡ ¨£©
| e¯Ê¥ § rä̈ :eÁ‡
§ ¨ £ ¯Ùr-Èk
¨ ¨ ¦ ¯eÎʨ ,e¯ˆÈ ¥ § ¦ Ú„È © ¨ ‡e‰-Èk㦠:e‡¯˜¥ §¨
¯tÎÂ
¥ © § eÏÈv‰Â¥ ¦ © § ,EÓL-„B·k¤ § § ¯·c-Ïr© § © erLÈ ¥ § ¦ ȉχ ¥Ÿ ¡
:EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ ¥ Ÿ © ©
© © § eÈ˙‡hÁ-Ïr
CÈÏÓÈÂ
¦ § © § d˙eÚ¯Î
¥ § ¦ ‡¯· ¨ § Èc¦ ‡ÓÏra
¨ § ¨ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL © © § ¦ § lCBz
¥ § Lc˜˙ÈÂ © © § i1¦
ÔBÎÈiÁa
¥ © § :ÔÓ‡ .dÁÈLÓ ¥ ¦ § ·¯˜È ¥ ¨ ¦ d˜¯et¥¨ § ÁÓˆÈÂ
© § © § ,d˙eÎIÓ ¥ § ©
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,·È¯˜ ¦ ¨ ÔÓÊ·e
© § ¦ ‡I‚ra¨ ¨ £ © ,I‡¯NÈ¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-I΄
¥ ¨ § ÈiÁ·e ¥ © § ÔBÎÈÓBÈ·e¥ §
ÁazLÈÂ
© © § ¦ § C¯a˙È ¥ ¨ § ¦ :‡iÓÏr¨ © § ¨ ÈÓIrÏe
¥ § ¨ § ÌÏrÏ © ¨ § C¯·Ó © ¨ § ‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § ‡‰È ¥§
‡L„e˜c
¨ § § dÓL ¥ § Il‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‰lr˙ÈÂ
¤ © § ¦ § ¯c‰˙Ȩ © § ¦ § ‡O˙ÈÂ
¥ © § ¦ § ÌÓB¯˙ÈÂ
¨ § ¦ § ¯‡t˙È ¥ ¨ § ¦§
,‡˙ÓÁÂ
¨ ¨ ¡ ¤ § ‡˙ÁaLz
¨ ¨ § § ª ,‡˙¯ÈL ¨ ¨ ¦ § ‡˙ίa-Ïk
¨ ¨ § ¦ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ‡lrÏ ¨ ¥ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡e‰ Cȯa ¦§
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,‡ÓIra¨ § ¨ § Ô¯ÈÓ‡c
¨ ¦ £ ©
Èc¦ ÔB‰e·‡£ Ì„˜ ¨ ¢ ,χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-Ï΄ ¥ ¨ § ÔB‰˙eÚ·e § ¨ ÔB‰˙Bψ § § lAwzY ¥© § ¦
:ÔÓ‡ e¯Ó‡Â2 ,‡iÓL·
¥ ¨ § ¦ § ¨ © § ¦
,χ¯NÈ-Ïk
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¨ Ïr © § eÈÏr¥ ¨ ÌÈ·BË ¦ ÌÈiÁÂ
¦ © § ‡iÓL¨ © § ÔÓ¦ ‡a¯ ¨ © ‡ÓÏL ¨ ¨ § `di ¥§
:ÔÓ‡¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦§
,χ¯NÈ-Ïk
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¨ Ïr © § eÈÏr¥ ¨ ÌBÏL ¨ ‰NrÈ ¤ £ © ‡e‰ ,ÂÈÓB¯Óa ¨ § ¦ ÌBÏL ¨ dU ¤3 Ÿrå
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦§

ȯ˘‡
·Âȇ ( :Ë ËÚ Ì˘ (‰ :„È ‚˜ Ì˘ („ :È Î ÌÈω˙ (‚ :· ‚ ˜Â˜·Á (· :‚ ‚Θ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:· ‰Î
,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‰ÁÈ˘Ó ·¯˜È ,‡·¯ ‰Ó˘ ˙·È˙‰ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘È„˜· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ (1 ˙‚‰‰
(¯Ó‡ ˙ˆ˜ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ͯ·˙È . . ‰Ó˘ ‡‰È (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁÂ
ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‡Â‰ Íȯ· ‡˘„˜„ ‰Ó˘ (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) Ïω˙È . . Á·˙˘ÈÂ
.(6 'ÓÚ ,ÌÈ‚‰Ó‰ ¯ÙÒ)
.(Ì˘) ˙ˆ˜Ó· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ Z Ï·˜˙˙ Ï˘ ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú˘· (2
.ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰ ÔÈÓÈÏ Z ‰˘ÂÚ :˘È„˜ Ï˘ ÌÂÏ˘ ‰˘ÂÚ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰Â ˙ÈÈˉ (3
ÚˆÓ‡· Z ÔÓ‡ . . ‡Â‰ ¢‡¯ Û˜ÂÊ ,ÚˆÓ‡· Z ÂÈÓ¯ӷ .ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰ Ï‡Ó˘Ï Z ÌÂÏ˘
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó)
‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 134

:‰Ïq ¨ ¤ EeÏÏ‰È § © § „BÚ ,E˙È· ¤ ¥ È·LBÈ ¥ § ixW¥ § `©à


Ìr‰¨ ¨ ȯL‡ ¥ § © ,BJ ‰ÎkL ¨ ¨ ¤ Ìr‰ ¨ ¨ ȯL ¥ § ‡©á
EÓÓB¯‡
§ ¦ £ ,„Â„Ï ¦ ¨ § ‰J‰ ¨ ¦ z⧠:ÂȉG‡ ¨ ¡ ‰Â‰ÈL ¨Ÿ § ¤
:„r¤ ¨ ÌIBÚϨ § EÓL § ¦ ‰Î¯·‡Â ¨ § ¨ £ © ,CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © ȉBI‡ © ¡
ÌÏBÚÏ
¨ § EÓL § ¦ ‰Iω‡Â ¨ § © £ © ,jί·‡ ¨ ¤ § ¨ £ ÌBÈ-IÎa ¨ §
Ôȇ¥ B˙l„‚I¨ ª § ¦ § ,„‡Ó Ÿ § IJ‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„b¨ :„rÂ̈ ¤
¤Ÿ
EÈ˙¯e·‚e § ,EÈNrÓ ¤ £ © ÁaLÈ © © § ¯B„I§ ¯Bc :¯˜Á ¤¥
¤ Ÿ § § ¦ ȯ·„Â
EÈ˙‡ÏÙ ¥ § ¦ § ,E„B‰ ¤ „B·k§ ¯„‰ © £ :e„ÈbÈ ¦©
E˙J„‚e
§ ¨ ª § ,e¯Ó‡È ¥ Ÿ EÈ˙‡¯B ¤ Ÿ § ÊeÊr ¡ ¤ :‰ÁÈN‡ ¨ ¦ ¨
E˙˜„ˆÂ
§ ¨ § ¦ § ,eÚÈaÈ ¦ © E·eË-·¯§ © ¯ÎÊ ¤ ¤ :‰p¯tÒ‡ ¨¤§ ©£
-I„‚e ¨ § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌeÁ¯Â © § ÔepÁ© :ep¯È ¥ ©§
-Ïk-Ïr
¨ © ÂÈÓÁ¯Â ¨ £ © § ,ÏkI Ÿ © ‰Â‰È-·BË ¨Ÿ § :„ÒÁ̈¤
EÈ„ÈÒÁÂ
¤ ¦ £ © ,EÈNrÓ-Ïk ¤ £ © ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Ee„BÈ :ÂÈNrÓ ¨ £©
E˙¯e·‚e
§ ¨ § ,e¯Ó‡È ¥ Ÿ E˙eÎÏÓ § § © „B·k§ :‰Îeί·È ¨ §¨ §
¨Ÿ
,ÂÈ˙¯e·b § Ì„‡‰ ¨ ¨ ¨ È·Ï ¥ § ¦ | rÈ„B‰Ï © ¦ § :e¯a„È ¥ ©§
˙eÎÏÓ § © ,E˙eÎIÓ § § © :B˙eÎÏÓ § © ¯„‰ © £ „B·Îe §
Ÿ ¨ ¯Bc-IÎa
:¯„ ¨ § EzÏLÓÓe § §© § ¤ ¦ ¨Ÿ
,ÌÈÓÏÚ-Ik̈
-ÏÎI ¨ § Û˜BÊ ¥ § ,ÌÈÏÙp‰-IÎI ¦ § Ÿ © ¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § CÓBÒ ¥
‰z‡Â¨ © § ,e¯aNÈ ¥ © § EÈI‡ ¤ ¥ ÏÎ-ÈÈr Ÿ ¥ ¥ :ÌÈÙeÙk‰ ¦ § ©
,E„È-˙‡
¤ ¨ ¤ Á˙Bt © ¥ :Bzra ¦ § ÌÏ·-˙‡¨ § ¨ ¤ ̉I-Ô˙B ¤¨ ¥
-IÎa ¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ˜Ècˆ ¦ © :ÔBˆ¯¨ ÈÁ-ÏÎI © ¨ § rÈaNÓe © ¦ § ©
ÂÈί„
:ÍÏȇ ‡ ‰Ó˜ Ì˘ (‚ :ÂË „Ó˜ Ì˘ (· :‰ „Ù ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
ÁÒ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 135

-ÏÎÏ ¨Ÿ § ·B¯˜¨ :ÂÈNrÓ-ÏÎa


¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨ £ © ¨ § „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ § ,ÂÈίc
¨ ¨ §
-ÔBˆ¯§ :˙Ó‡· ¤ ¡ ¤ e‰‡¯˜È ª ¨ § ¦ ¯L‡¤ £ ÏÎI Ÿ § ,Âȇ¯˜ ¨ §Ÿ
:ÌrÈLBÈÂ
¥ ¦ § ÚÓLÈ © § ¦ Ì˙rÂL-˙‡Â
¨ ¨§© ¤ § ,‰NrÈ ¤ £ © Âȇ¯È¨ ¥§
¨ £Ÿ
-Ïk¨ ˙‡Â¥ § ,ÂÈ·‰‡-Ik-˙‡ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯ÓBL ¥
,Èt¦ ¯a„Ȥ © § ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ˙l‰z © ¦ § :„ÈÓLÈ ¦ § © ÌÈrL¯‰̈¦¨ §
:„r¤ ¨ ÌIBÚÏ
¨ § BL„˜ § ¨ ÌL ¥ ¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ C¯·È ¥¨ ¦
:dÈeIω
¨ § © ÌIBÚ-„rÂ
¨ © § ‰zrÓ¨ © ¥ ,dȨ C¯· § © £ Âà©
¥ ¨ § | eÁ‡
:˘È„˜ ȈÁ ı"˘Ï
CÈÏÓÈÂ
¦ § © § d˙eÚ¯Î
¥ § ¦ ‡¯· ¨ § Èc¦ ‡ÓÏra¨ § ¨ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § Lc˜˙È© © § ¦ § lCBz
© © § i1¦
ÔBÎÈiÁa
¥ © § :ÔÓ‡ .dÁÈLÓ ¥ ¦ § ·¯˜È ¥ ¨ ¦ d˜¯et
¥¨ § ÁÓˆÈÂ
© § © § ,d˙eÎIÓ
¥ § ©
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,·È¯˜ ¦ ¨ ÔÓÊ·e
© § ¦ ‡I‚ra
¨ ¨ £ © ,I‡¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-I΄
¥ ¨ § ÈiÁ·e ¥ © § ÔBÎÈÓBÈ·e
¥ §
ÁazLÈÂ
© © § ¦ § C¯a˙È ¥ ¨ § ¦ :‡iÓÏr
¨ © § ¨ ÈÓIrÏe
¥ § ¨ § ÌÏrÏ © ¨ § C¯·Ó © ¨ § ‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § ‡‰È ¥§
‡L„e˜c
¨ § § dÓL ¥ § Il‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‰lr˙ÈÂ
¤ © § ¦ § ¯c‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‡O˙ÈÂ
¥ © § ¦ § ÌÓB¯˙ÈÂ
¨ § ¦ § ¯‡t˙ÈÂ¥ ¨ § ¦§
,‡˙ÓÁÂ
¨ ¨ ¡ ¤ § ‡˙ÁaLz
¨ ¨ § § ª ,‡˙¯ÈL ¨ ¨ ¦ § ‡˙ίa-Ïk
¨ ¨ § ¦ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ‡lrÏ ¨ ¥ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡e‰ Cȯa ¦§
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,‡ÓIra
¨ § ¨ § Ô¯ÈÓ‡c
¨ ¦ £ ©

¥ § ¦ Ó©â :ÌÈt‰
ÔB‡˙p-‰ ¦ ¨ © ˙La ¤ Ÿ eÏ ¨ § ,‰˜„v‰
¨ ¨ § © È„‡¨Ÿ £ Ll§ á
¨ § § ä© :˜cˈp-‰Óe
‰NtÁ ¨© §¦ © ¯a„p-‰Ó
¥ © § © ¯Ó‡p-‰ © Ÿ Óe ©ã
‰ËeLÙ
¨ § EÈÓ § ¦ Èå§ Èk¦ ,EÈχ ¤ ¥ ‰·eL¨ ¨ § ‰¯˜Á ¨Ÿ § © § eÈί„
¥ ¨ §
,EÈÙÏ
¤ ¨ § e‡a¨ ÌÈNrÓ·-‡Ï¦ £ © § Ÿ § „ÒÁ·-‡Ï ¤ ¤ § Ÿ :ÌÈ·L ¦ ¨ Ïa˜I¥ ©§
ÌeÁ¯æ© e˜Ù„ § © ¨ EÈ˙Ïc ¤ ¨ § :EÈ˙I„ ¤ ¨ § e˜Ùc§ © ¨ ÌÈL¯Îe
¦ ¨ § ÌÈl„k¦ ©§
ekÏÓ
¥ § © EÈÙJÓ
¤ ¨ § ¦ :EÈÙlÓ¤ ¨ § ¦ ̘ȯ ¨ ¥ e·ÈLz-χ
¥ ¦ § © ‡¨ ,ÔepÁ ©§
:‰JÙz © ¥ Lç ‰z‡
¨ ¦ § rÓB ¨ © Èk¦ ,e·ÈLz
¥ ¦ § χ© ̘ȯ ¨ ¥
ÚÓ¢
‰Îȇ (‰ :ÊË „Ó ˙È˘‡¯· Ù"Ú („ :ËÏ ‚ ‰Îȇ Ù"Ú (‚ :Ê Ë Ï‡È„ (· :ÁÈ Â˘ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:· ,ÁÎ ˙Âί· (Á : „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ÁÏ˘· ‡ÓÂÁ˙ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ó Ì˘
,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‰ÁÈ˘Ó ·¯˜È ,‡·¯ ‰Ó˘ ˙·È˙‰ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘È„˜· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ (1 ˙‚‰‰
(¯Ó‡ ˙ˆ˜ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ͯ·˙È . . ‰Ó˘ ‡‰È (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁÂ
ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‡Â‰ Íȯ· ‡˘„˜„ ‰Ó˘ (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) Ïω˙È . . Á·˙˘ÈÂ
.(6 'ÓÚ ,ÌÈ‚‰Ó‰ ¯ÙÒ)
‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 136
Ÿ £ © § ¦ § ¯Na-ÏÎ
˙ÂÁzL‰Ï ¨ ¨ ¨ ‡B·Èá̈ :e‡·È Ÿ ¨ ¯Na-Ïk ¨ ¨ ¨ EÈ„r ¤ ¨ ,‰lÙz ¨ ¦ § ÓnF ©¥ W à
:EÓLI¤ § ¦ e„aÎÈ § © ¦ ,È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ EÈÙÏ £ © § ¦ § | e‡B·Èâ̈ :‰Â‰È
¤ ¨ § eÂÁzLÈ ¨Ÿ § EÈÙI ¤¨§
| ÂȯrL ¨ ¨ § e‡Ÿaä :eNÚ ¥ Ÿ ‰Â‰È-ÈÙÏ ¨Ÿ § ¥ § ¦ ‰Î¯· ¨ § § ¦ ,‰r¯Î ¨ ¨ § ¦ § ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ e‡Ÿaã
¨Ÿ § ¤ eίa
‰Â‰È-˙‡ § ¨ | ‰p¥ ‰å¦ :BÓL § eίa § ¨ BÏ-e„B‰ ,‰l‰˙a ¨ ¦ § ¦ ÂÈ˙¯ˆÁ ¨ Ÿ ¥ £ ‰„B˙a ¨ §
,L„˜ ¤Ÿ Ì΄È-e‡N ¤ ¥§ § :˙BÏÈla ¨Ÿ §
¥ © ‰Â‰È-˙È·a ¥ § ÌÈ„ÓÚ‰ ¦ § Ÿ ¨ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È„·r-Ïk̈¥§ ©
eÓÓB§ ¯ç :ÂÈÏ‚¯ ¨ § © Ì„‰Ï Ÿ £ © ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ ,ÂÈ˙BkLÓÏ ¨ § § ¦ § ‰‡B ¨ ·æ ¨ :‰Â‰È-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ¤ eί·e §¨
eȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eÓÓB § ¯è :‡e‰ LB„˜¨ ,ÂÈÏ‚¯ ¨ § © Ì„‰Ï Ÿ £ © eÂÁzL‰Â £ © § ¦ § eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ §
¨Ÿ © eÂÁzL
‰Â‰ÈÏ £ © § ‰é¦ :eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § LB„˜-Èk ¨ ¦ ,BL„˜ § ¨ ¯‰Ï © § eÂÁzL‰Â £ © § ¦§
‡B·¨ EcÒÁ § § © ·¯a Ÿ § eÁ‡ § © £ Âë© :ı¯‡‰-Ïk¤ ¨ ¨ ¨ ÂÈtÓ ¨ ¨ ¦ eIÈÁ¦ ,L„˜-˙¯„‰a ¤Ÿ © §© §
ÏÎȉ-χ
© ¥ ¤ ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ì¦ :E˙‡¯Èa ¤ ¨ § ¦ § EL„˜-ÏÎȉ-χ
§ § ¨ © ¥ ¤ ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ ,E˙È· ¤ ¥
-Ïk-Ïr
¨ © zÏc‚‰-Èk ¨ § © § ¦ ¦ ,EzÓ‡-Ir ¤ ¦ £ © § EcÒÁ-Ïr § § © © EÓL-˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ‰„B ¤ § EL„˜ § §¨
E˙eÓ‡Â
§ ¨ ¡ ¤ ,dȨ | ÔÈÒÁ ¦ £ EBÓÎ-ÈÓ ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ | ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ îȧ :E˙¯Ó‡ ¤ ¨ § ¦ EÓL § ¦
:ÌÈI‡ ¦ ¥ È·a ¥ § ¦ ‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨Ÿ © ‰Ó„È ¤ § ¦ ,‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨Ÿ © C¯rÈ Ÿ £ © ˜ÁM· © © © ÈÓ¦ Èkð¦ :EÈ˙B·È·Ò ¤ ¦ §
ÏB„‚-È ¨ kò¦ :Ec·I ¤ © § Ìȉχ ¦ Ÿ ¡ ‰z‡ ¨ © ,˙B‡IÙ ¨ § ¦ ‰NÚ ¥ Ÿ § ‰z‡ ¨ © IB„‚-È ¨ kñ¦
Ÿ § Ïl‰Óe
,„‡Ó ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„bô̈ :EzÓ‡ ¤ ¦ £ ÌȘÁL-„r ¦ ¨ § © § ,EcÒÁ ¤ § © ÌÈÓL-ÏrÓ ¦© ¨ ©¥
‡e‰ ‡¯B ¨ ,„‡Ó Ÿ § Ïl‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„‚¨ Èkö¦ :¯˜Á ¤ ¥ Ôȇ¥ B˙l„‚Ï ¨ ª§ ¦ §
¯L¤ ‡£ø :Ìȉχ-Ïk-Ïr¦ Ÿ ¡ ¨ © IB„b¨ CÏÓe ¤ ¤ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„b¨ χ¥ Èk÷¦ :Ìȉχ-Ïk-Ir ¦Ÿ ¡ ¨ ©
‡G ÈÓù¦ :E˙¯e·‚Π¤ Ÿ § ¦ § EÈNrÓÎ ¤ £ © § ‰NrÈ-¯L‡ ¤ £ © ¤ £ ı¯‡·e ¤ ¨ ¨ ÌÈÓMa ¦ © ¨ © χ-ÈÓ ¥ ¦
Ì˙eÎÏÓ-Ïηe
¨ § © ¨ § ÌÈBb‰ ¦ © ÈÓÎÁ-Ïη ¥ § © ¨ § Èk¦ ,‰˙‡È ¨ ¨ ¨ Eϧ Èk¦ ÌÈBb‰ ¦ © CÏÓ ¤ ¤ E‡¯È £ ¨¦
Eϧà :‰¯e·‚a ¨ § ¦ EÓL § ¦ ÏB„‚ ¨ § ‰z‡ ¨ © ÏB„b¨ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EBÓk¨ Ôȇ¥ Óú¥ :EBÓk¨ ÔÈ‡Ó ¥ ¥
‰z‡ ¨ © ,‰ÏÈI ¨ § ¨ EI-Û‡ § © ÌBÈ Eϧá :EÈÓÈ ¤ ¦ § Ìe¯z¨ E„ȧ ¨ ÊÚz Ÿ ¨ ,‰¯e·b-Ìr ¨ § ¦ rB¯Ê © §
:BÏ Ìȯ‰ ¦ ¨ ˙ÙrB˙ Ÿ £ § ,ı¯‡-ȯ˜ÁÓ ¤ ¨ ¥ § § ¤ B„Èa ¨ § ¯L ¤ ‡£â :LÓL ¤ ¨ ¨ ¯B‡Ó¨ ˙BÈΉ ¨ ¦£
‰l„b‰
¨ ª § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Eϧä :B˙J‰z-Ïk ¨ ¦ § ¨ rÈÓLÈ © ¦ § © ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ˙B¯e·b§ IlÓÈ ¥ © § ÈÓã¦
¨Ÿ § Eϧ ,ı¯‡·e
‰Â‰È ¤ ¨ ¨ ÌÈÓMa ¦ © ¨ © ÏÎ-Èk Ÿ ¦ ,„B‰‰Â © § Áˆp‰Â © ¥ © § ˙¯‡Ùz‰Â ¤ ¤ § ¦ © § ‰¯e·b‰Â ¨ §©§
Ï·z
¥ ¥ ,ı¯‡ ¤ ¨ EI-Û‡ § © ÌÈÓL ¦ © ¨ Eϧ å :L‡¯Ï Ÿ § | ÏÎÏ Ÿ § ‡O˙n‰Â ¥ © § ¦ © § ,‰ÎIÓn‰ ¨¨ § © ©
Û¯Á¤Ÿ ¨ ıȘ ¦ © ,ı¯‡ ¤ ¨ ˙BÏe·b-Ïk § ¨ z·v‰ ¨ § © ¦ ‰z¨ ‡©æ :Ìz„ÒÈ ¨ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ © d‡ÏÓe ¨Ÿ §
:ÌÈiˆÏ ¦ ¦ § ÌrÏ © § IÎ‡Ó ¨ £ © epzz ¤ § ¦ ,Ô˙ÈÂÏ ¨ ¨ § ¦ ÈL‡¯ ¥ ¨ zˆv¯ ¨ § © ¦ ‰z¨ ‡ç© :Ìz¯ˆÈ ¨ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ ©
¨ § © ‰z¨ ‡è© :Ô˙ȇ
z¯¯BÙ ¨ ¥ ˙B¯‰ £ © zL·B‰
¨ § © ‰z‡ ¨ © ,ÏÁÂ © ¨ ¨ ÔÈrÓ¨ § © zr˜· ¨ § © ¨ ‰z‡ ¨ ©
êÊÚ·
:„ ˜ Ì˘ (‰ : ‰ˆ Ì˘ („ :Ë ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚Î ÂÒ ‰ÈÚ˘È (· :‚ ‰Ò ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
Á ‰ Ì˘ (Î :Ë Âˆ Ì˘ (È :Ë Ì˘ (Ë :‰ ˈ Ì˘ (Á :Ê ·Ï˜ Ì˘ (Ê :·-‡ „Ϙ Ì˘ (Â
:‰ Á˜ Ì˘ (Ú :È ÂÙ Ì˘ (Ò :Ê Ì˘ ( :Ë ËÙ Ì˘ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ÁϘ Ì˘ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
:Â Ì˘ (˙ :Ê È ‰ÈÓ¯È (˘ :„Î ‚ Ìȯ·„ (¯ :‚ ‰ˆ Ì˘ (˜ :„ ˆ Ì˘ (ˆ :‚ ‰Ó˜ Ì˘ (Ù
:‡È ËÎ ‡-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ (‰ :· ˜ Ì˘ („ :„ ‰ˆ Ì˘ (‚ :ÊË „Ú Ì˘ (· :„È ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (‡
:‚È Ì˘ (Ë :ÂË-„È Ì˘ (Á :ÊÈ „Ú Ì˘ (Ê :·È ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (Â
ËÒ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 137
,Ìi‰¨ © ˙e‡‚a ¥ § ÏLBÓ ¥ ‰z¨ ‡à© :ÌÈn‰-Ïr¦ ¨ © © ÌÈÈp˙ ¦ ¦ © ÈL‡¯ ¥ ¨ z¯aL ¨ § © ¦ ,ÌȨ Efr· §¨ §
eȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ¯Èra ¦ § ,„‡Ó Ÿ § ÏJ‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„bá̈ :ÌÁaL˙ ¥ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ © ÂÈl‚ ¨ © ‡BNa§
Ìȉχ‰¦ Ÿ ¡ ¨ ‡e‰-‰z‡ ¨ © ÌÈ·¯k‰ ¦ ª § © ·LÈ ¥ Ÿ χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ È⧠:BL„˜-¯‰§¨ ©
e„BÈä§ :ÂÈ·È·Ò-Ïk-Ïr
¨ ¦ § ¨ © ‡¯B ¨ § ,‰a¯ ¦Ÿ §
¨ © ÌÈL„˜-„BÒa § ı¯r ¨ £ © χ㥠:Ec·Ï ¤©§
¨Ÿ © ‰p¯
,‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨ § © § eÎϧ å :ÌÈL„˜ ¦ Ÿ § ω˜a © § ¦ E˙eÓ‡-Û‡
§ ¨ ¡ © ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § E‡Ït £ § ¦ ÌÈÓL¦© ¨
¥ § ‡©æ :BÏ rȯ
ȯL © ¦ ¨ ˙B¯ÓÊa ¦ § ¦ ,‰„B˙a ¨ § ÂÈÙ ¨ ¨ ‰Óc˜ ¨ § © § :erLÈ ¥ § ¦ ¯eˆÏ§ ‰rȯ ¨ ¦¨
,¯ÙBL¨ ÏB˜Â§ ˙B¯ˆˆÁ § Ÿ £ aç© :ÔeÎl‰È ¥ © § EÈt-¯B‡a
¤¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ,‰re¯˙ ¨ § Èr„È ¥ §Ÿ Ìr‰ ¨¨
˙Ӈ ¤ ¡ ¤ „ÒÁ¤ ¤ ,E‡Òk ¤ § ¦ ÔBÎÓ§ ËtLÓe ¨ § ¦ ˜„¤ ˆè¤ :‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © | ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ eÚȯ‰ ¦¨
:L‚¯a ¤ ¨ § Cl‰
¥ © § Ìȉχ ¦ Ÿ ¡ ˙È·a ¥ § ,„BÒ ˜ÈzÓ ¦ § © ÂcÁÈ ¨ § © ¯L ¤ ‡£é :EÈÙ ¤ ¨ eÓc˜È §©§
,ÈÁ-Ïk
¨ ¨ LÙ ¤ ¤ B„Èa ¨ § ¯L ¤ ‡£ì :e¯ˆÈ ¨ ¨ ÂÈ„È ¨ ¨ ˙LaÈÂ
¤ ¤ © § ,e‰Nr ¨ ¨ ‡e‰Â§ Ìi‰ ¨ © BÏ-¯L ¤ ‡£ë
:CÏÓr¨ ¨ £ Ïr© ‰ÒeÁ ¨ ,CIrt
¨ ¢ ¨ Ûeb‰Â © § CϨ ‰ÓLp‰ ¨ ¨ § © :Lȇ-¯Na-Ïk ¦ © § ¨ Áe¯Â © §
EÓL § ¦ Ir© e‡˙‡ ¨ ¨ :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ îȧ ,ClL ¨ ¤ Ûeb‰Â © § CI¨ ‰ÓLp‰ ¨ ¨ §©
:EÓL ¤ § ÌeÁ¯Â © ¥ Èkð¦ ,EÓL
© § ÔepÁ-χ § ¦ „B·k§ ¯e·ra £ © :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ ‰Â‰¨Ÿ îȧ
:‡e‰-·¯© Èk¦ eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ¨ § © ¨ § ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EÓL-Ôr § ¦ © ÓI ñ© §
.eÈ‚L
¦ ¨ ezÏe‡ Ÿ § Èk¦ ,eÈ·‡
¥ § © ¦ ·¯a ¦ ¨ eÏ-ÁÏÒ
¨ © §
¥Ÿ £ ea¯© Èk¦ ,ekÏÓ
:eÈÂr ¥ § © eI-ÏÁÓ
¨ © §
ÌÈ·¦ ¨ e·eLô z¯Ó‡ ¨ § © ¨ .ÌÈBÈÏra ¦ § ¤ ¨ ‡¯B ¨ ,˙B‡·v‰ ¨ § © ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ded ¨Ÿ iò§
Èηa
¦ § ¦ ÈÙ © ¨ eLw§ aö© .ÌÈ¯·e ¦ ¨ § ¦ ‰„B˙a ¨ § È„r © ¨ e‡a Ÿ .ÌÈ·¯Ò ¦ ¨ §¨
ÌÈÁe˙t
¦ § ÌÈ·L ¦ ¨ Èlb ¥ © .ÌÈBÈ‚‰ ¦ § ¤ ˙JÙz © ¦ § ‰ÓzÒ ¨ § § ¦ Èk¦ Ìb© :ÌÈeÁ˙·e ¦ £ © §
:ÌÈBL¦ ‡ÏŸ Áˆ © ¤ E·e˧ Èίc
¥ § © .ÌÈcr ¦ ¨ ¦ ÈÓÏBÚÏ
¥ § § ·v ¨ ¦ E¯· § ¨ c÷§ .ÌÈÂk
¦¨¥
¦ Ÿ £ ¨ eÏÂ
.ÌÈÂr‰ ¨ § ,Eϧ ˙B˜„v ¨ § ‰ù© .ÌÈBÈ·‡Â
¦ § ¤ § ÌÈl„k ¦ © § Eϧ e‡˙¨ ‡ø̈ e‰ §¦
e¯ÎÊ
¥ § ¨ :ÌÈBik
¦ © ÌÈ‚B‰ ¦ EÈ˙B˙Ïc ¤ § © Ïr © § .ÌÈt‰¦ ¨ © ˙L ¤ Ÿ·a
ù § e·L § © EÈ„r ¤¨§
eȯeÚ
¥ § ˙‡h Ÿ Áú© .ÌÈaIÓ ¦ ¨ ª § ÌÈÁˆ ¦ © eÈÓ˙Î ¥ ¨ § ‰kÊ ¥ © .ÌÈ˜e˙Ó¦ ¨ § ÌÈiÁI ¦©§
¯·r‰
¥ £ © ‰‡ÓË ¨ § ª :ÌÈBÓ„˜ ¦ § © ÌÈÓÈk ¦ ¨ § eÈÓÈ ¥ ¨ Lc¥ Áà© .ÌÈrÎ ¦ ¨ £ © ‰ÁÓ ¥ §
erL¯
¥ § ¦ er„ § © Èá̈ .ÌÈÓ‡p‰
¦ ¨ ¡ ¤ © ÌÈÓ ¦ © ˜B¯Êz § ¦ ‰¯‰Ë ¨ ¢ ¨ .ÌÈB„Èf‰ ¦ ¥ © Ì˙‰Â ¥¨§
‚Ò‚Ò
¥ § © erË ¥ § ¦ ̯k ¤ ¤ :ÌÈBJ‡k¦ © ¨ ÔBÒÁ ã ¨ et¯r ¥ § ¨ ˙eL˜È § © .ÌÈBlÒ¦ © § ÌÈ·¯ ¦ ¨ Òâ̈
ÌÈˆ
Ì˘ (‰ :Á ËÙ ÌÈω˙ („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ËÈ ·-ÌÈÎÏÓ (‚ :· ÁÓ Ì˘ (· :È ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
Ì˘ (Î :ÂË ‰ Ì˘ (È :ÂË ËÙ Ì˘ (Ë : Áˆ Ì˘ (Á :ÊË ËÙ Ì˘ (Ê :·-‡ ‰ˆ Ì˘ ( :Â
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡È ‰Î ÌÈω˙ (Ò :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡Ï Ë ‰ÈÓÁ ( :Ê „È ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ó :È ·È ·Âȇ (Ï :‰ ‰ˆ
Ì˘ ‰ÈÓ¯È (¯ :ËÙ ËȘ Ì˘ (˜ :Á ÊÎ ÌÈω˙ (ˆ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) „È ‚ ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ù :‚È ‚ ÒÂÓÚ (Ú
‰ÈÓ¯È (· :‡Î ‰ ‰Îȇ (‡ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ê ‰Î ÌÈω˙ (˙ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ê Ë Ï‡È„ (˘ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·Î
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë · ÒÂÓÚ („ : · χ˜ÊÁÈ (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Î „È
‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 138
.ÌÈnÁ ¦ ¨ © È„eÓˆ ¥ § r¯‰ © ¥ ¨ È„en ¥ Ϧá .ÌÈBLn˜ ¦ § ¦ ÌÈÏe¯Á ¦ £ ÂÈÙ ¨ ¨ eqkà̈ .ÌÈv ¦¨¦
ʇӨ ¥ .ÌÈezÁ ¦ ¦ ˙tÁ © ª eϘϘ
§ © § ¦ ¯‰Ó ¥ © :ÌÈBÓÏL
¦ § © ÈÙ„B¯ ¥ § „ÁL © Ÿ ÈÁ˜B¥ § Ïâ
ÈÁBÁÈ
¥ ¦ .ÌÈLn‰ ¦ § ¦ © Ìȯk ¦ ¨ ‰ä© ÈÁ·Ê ¥ § ¦ eÚ¨ .ÌÈÙÏ ¦ ¨ § ‡Ï Ÿ § ¯BÁ‡¨ ϧã e‚q‰ §© ª
ÁeLÓ
© ¨ Ô‚Ò ¤ ¤ .ÌÈÙ ¦ ¨ ‡eNe § ırBÈ ¥ ÌÈMÓÁ-¯ ¦ ¦ £ N ©å :ÌÈÓÓÒ ¦ ¨ § © ˙¯Ë˜ ¤Ÿ § Áȯ© ¥
Áe¯
© È·ˆr
¥ ¥ £ .ÌÈ˜È¯Â ¦ ¨ ¥ § ÌÈlc ¦ © ‰‡¯ ¥ § e˙„ÈÓr¥ ¨ ¦ £ .ÌÈB¯‰‡Â ¦ £ © § ÌiÂÏ ¦¦§
ÌÈ‚‡Bc
¦ £ EÈc ¤ ¦ „Át © © .ÌÈe˜ˆ¦ § LÁÏ © © ¯va © © Ee„˜t § © § :ÌÈrÏk ¦ £ © § Ìȯe¯Ó ¦ §
˙BŸ r£ç ¯È·r‰Ï ¦ £ © § ‰eˆ ¥ © .ÌÈÓ‡Ï ¦ ¨ ¡ ¤ § ÁÓˆ‰ © § © ‰˜„ˆ ¨ ¨ § ÁÓ© ˆ¤æ .ÌÈB‡˙Óe ¦§ § ¦
˜ÈzLÈ ¦ § © § Ò‰È © © ¯B‚h˜ ¥ © .ÌÈÈ„Ó ¦ § © § ˙ÈaLÈ ¦ § © ‡¯Bw‰ ¥ © ÏB˜è :ÌÈBL‡¯ ¦ ¦
È·ÏÁk
¥ § ¤ § eÏrÈ £ © ÔBˆ¯¨ .ÌÈB¯·L ¦ § ¦ ·Ï¥ ˙e‡k„ § ¦ ‰‡Î ¨ ¥ § Áe © ¯é .ÌÈb¯ ¦¨ §¦
ÚÓLz© § ¦ Eȇ¯B˜ ¤ § ˙rÂL © § © .ÌÈaÏ ¦ ¨ © ̘‰ ¥ ¨ ˙B·‡¨ ˙re·L © § :ÌÈa¯˜ ¦¨ §¨
ÁÈN
© ¦ Eʇ § § ¨ ·ÈL˜ ¦ § zë© .ÌÈÎeÓ ¦¨ E˙‡¯ÈÏ
§ ¨ § ¦ § ÌaÏ ¨ ¦ ÔÈΦ zë̈ .ÌÈBÚnÓ ¦ § ¦
EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © eeÓc˜È § © § ¯‰¥ Óç© .ÌÈB‡MÓ ¦ § ¦ Enr § © ˙BIr‰I £ © § ·eL :ÌÈepÁ ¦ ¦
EÈÓÁ¯-ÏrÂ
¤ £ © © § EÈ„ÒÁ ¤ ¨ £ ÌȘ ¦Ÿ .ÌÈk ¦ ¥ EÈeÁ¤ £ e‡ˆÈ § ¥ ̷ȯa¨ ¦ § .ÌÈBÓ„˜ ¦ §©
:ÌÈeÚL¦ §
ÌÈrL¦ ¨ § ¦ e‡¨ EÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ïr¤ § ¦ © § .ÌÈÁeË· ¦ § e‡¨ ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr¤ £ © © iMì¦
CÏÓ
¤ ¤ ‡e‰ ‰z‡ ¨ © :ÌÈtˆÓ ¦ © § e‡¨ E˙reLÈÏÂ
§ ¨ ¦ § ÌÈe˜Ó
¦ © § e‡¨ EÈ˙BÁÈÏÒϤ ¦ §¦§
˙¯Bk ¥ .Âȇ¯È ¨ ¥ § ˙‡hÁ Ÿ © ¯ÈÒÓe ¦ ¥ ,Bnr© ˙BÂr Ÿ £ ¯È·rÓ ¦ £ © .Ì„wÓ ¤ ¤ ¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ·‰B ¥ ‡î
Ôra
© £ © z„¯iL¨ § © ¨ ¤ ‡e‰ ‰z¨ ‡©ð :ÌÈB¯Á‡Ï ¦ £ © ¨ ‰re·L ¨ § Ìi˜Óe ¥ © § ,ÌÈBL‡¯I¦ ¦ ¨ ˙ȯa ¦§
-˙BÁ¯‡Â § ¨ § .Ec·r ¤ § © ‰LÓÏ ¤ Ÿ § E·eË § Èί„¥ § © ˙ȇ¯‰Â
¨ ¥ § ¤ § ÈÈÒ © ¦ ¯‰-Ïr © © E„B·k ¤ §
ÌÈt‡¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χñ¥ ‰z‡ ¨ © Èk¦ Bzr„B‰Â § © § .BÏ ˙Èlb ¨ ¦ ¦ EÈ„ÒÁ ¤¨ £
ÔÎÂ¥ § :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ ˙cÓa © ¦ § Blkª ÌÏBÚ‰ ¨ ¨ ‚ȉÓe ¦ § © .·ÈˉI ¦ ¥ § ‰a¯Óe ¤ § © „ÒÁ-·¯Â ¤ ¤ ©§
‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ÌL· ¥ § È˙‡¯˜Â¦ ¨ ¨ § EÈt-Ïr¤ ¨ © È·eË-Ïk ¦ ¨ ¯È·r‡ ¦ £ © È¦ ‡£ ¯Ó‡i ¤ Ÿ ò© ,·e˙k¨
:ÌÁ¯‡¥ © £ ¯L‡-˙‡
¤ £ ¤ ÈzÓÁ¯Â ¦ § © ¦ § ÔÁ‡ Ÿ ¨ ¯L‡-˙‡ ¤ £ ¤ È˙pÁ ¦ Ÿ © § ,EÈÙÏ
¤¨§
C¯„ ¤ ¤ § ,˙‡¯˜¨ ¥ § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ Ïr© ·e ©ô ‰z‡ ¨ © ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯¤ ‡¤ñ l`¥
Ÿ § ¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁÂ
ÌBi‰© ¯kÊz ¤ ¨ £ © EÈÓÁ¯
¤ £ © ˙l„b
© ª § :˙ȯB‰
¨ ¥ ‰·eLz ¨ §
‰z‡
¨ © Èk¦ ,ÌÈÓÁ¯a¦ £ © § eÈI‡
¥ ¥ ÔÙz
¤ ¥ :EÈ„È„È
¤ ¦ § Ú¯ÊÏ
© ¤ § ÌBÈ-Iηe
¨ §
,Ìc˜
¥ © § EÈt ¤ ¨ ‰JÙ˙·e
¨ ¦ § ¦ ÔeÁ˙a
£ © § :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰
¦ £ © ¨ Ïra © © ‡e‰
˙ڄ‰Î
Ù"Ú (‰ :„Î Ê ‰ÈÓ¯È („ :‚Î ‡ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (‚ :‚Î ‚È ‰ÈÓ¯È (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡Ï „Î ÈÏ˘Ó (‡ ‡"Â˙
‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ë :Á ËÚ ÌÈω˙ (Á :ÂË ‚Ï ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚ ‚ ‰ÈÚ˘È ( :Ë ÂË ‡-χÂÓ˘
‰‡¯ ( :Ê ‡È ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (Ó :ÁÈ Ë Ï‡È„ Ù"Ú (Ï :ÊÈ È ÌÈω˙ (Î :‚È ÂË ÈÏ˘Ó (È :„ Â
:ÂË ,Ê ‰·¯ ˙ω˜ (Ù :ËÈ ‚Ï Ì˘ (Ú :Â Ì˘ (Ò :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘
Ú ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 139
E˙¯B˙a
§ ¨ § BÓk§ ,·eL Et‡ § © ÔB¯Á£ Ó¥à :Ì„wÓ¤ ¤ ¦ ÂrÏ
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © §
¨Ÿ § „¯i
‰Â‰È ¤ ¥Ââ© ÌBÈk§ ,ÔBI˙Â
¨ § ¦ § ‰ÒÁ ¤ ¡ ¤ EÈÙk
¤ ¨ § Iˆ¥ ·e ᧠:·e˙k¨
Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙i ¥ © § ¦ Ââ© ÌBÈk§ ,ÌL‡
¨ ¨ ‰ÁÓ˙¤ § ¦ § ÚLt-Ir
© ¤ © ¯·r Ÿ £ zã© :Ôra
¨¨ ¤
‡¯˜i¨ § ¦ Ââ© ÌBÈk§ ,¯Ó‡Ó ¨ £ © epÓ¤ ·ÈL˜˙ ¦ § © § e˙rÂL
¥ ¨ § © ÔÈʇz ¦ £ © :ÌL ¨
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § ,‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ÌL¥ ·1§
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰

‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Âä©
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âå§
¨ © kæ¦ :erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨ © § ·BË È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
˜„ˆa
¤ ¤ § EÓL· § ¦ § ‡¯B˜-ÔÈ¥ ‡è¥ :Ôȇ ¦ ¨ Ì„‡a ¨ ¨ ¨ ¯LȨ ¨ § ı¯‡‰-ÔÓ
¤ ¨ ¨ ¦ „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ ca© `ç̈
eqÙ-Èk
© ¦ „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ ¯Ó‚-Èk
© ¨ ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰rÈLB ¨ ¦ ‰é :Ca¨ ˜ÈÊÁ‰I ¦ £ © § ¯¯BÚ˙Ó¥ § ¦
¦ kì¦ :¯B‡-‰‡¯
-Ìr-È ¤ § ¦ E¯B‡a
§ § ÌÈiÁ ¦ © ¯B˜Ó§ Enr-È § ¦ kë¦ :Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ÈaÓ
¥ § ¦ ÌÈeÓ‡
¦ ¡
¨ Ÿ Ÿ £ ÏkÓ
:ÂÈ˙Âr Ÿ ¦ χ¯NÈ-˙‡
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¤ ‰cÙÈ ¤ § ¦ ‡e‰Â§ :˙e„Ù§ Bnr¦ ‰a¯‰Â ¥ § © § ,„ÒÁ‰ ¨Ÿ §
¤ ¤ © ‰Â‰È
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ Ï©ð :eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr ¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mî§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èñ§ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί·¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr § © ©
¨Ÿ Èô§ :Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡ ¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ òȧ :‰IÒ ¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰
¨ ¦

‰˙‡N
¨ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡ÎÂ
¤ £ © § .EcÒÁ ¤Ÿ § ‰f‰
¤ § © Ï„‚k ¤ © Ìr‰ Ÿ £ © ‡-ÁÏ
¨ ¨ ÔÂrÏ ¨ © Òö§
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § :‰p‰-„rÂ
¨ ¥ © § ÌȯˆnÓ
¦ © § ¦ ¦ ‰f‰
¤ © ÌrÏ̈¨
¯Ó‡ÈÂ
:ÁÈ Ê ‰ÎÈÓ Ù"Ú („ :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‚ :Á ÂÏ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·È ·Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:(ÈÂÈ˘·)  „Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ë :· Ì˘ ‰ÎÈÓ (Á :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (Ê :Ë Ì˘ ( :Ê-Â Ì˘ ˙ÂÓ˘ (‰
:Á ÂÓ Ì˘ (Ò :Ë ‚ Ì˘ ( :‚È ‚˜ Ì˘ (Ó :Á-Ê Ï˜ Ì˘ (Ï :È ÂÏ Ì˘ (Î :· ·È ÌÈω˙ (È
:ËÈ „È ¯·„Ó· (ˆ :È Î Ì˘ (Ù :‚È „Ù Ì˘ (Ú
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 140

:LxacM
¤ ¨ § ¦ iYglq
¦ § © ¨ dedi
¨Ÿ § xn`I
¤ Ÿ eà©
¯Èr‰Â ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ‰‡¯e
¦ ¨ § ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ¥ § EÈÈr¤ ¥ Á˜t© § ,ÚÓLe
¨ § Eʇ § § ¨ | ȉχ© Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰á©
ÌÈIÈtÓ
¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ir
¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ | Èk¦ ,‰ÈÏr¨ ¤ ¨ EÓL § ¦ ‡¯˜-¯L‡
¨§¦ ¤ £
,‰ÁÏÒ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr
¤ £ © © Èk¦ ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § eÈeÁz
¥ £ ©
‡¯˜
¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk
§ ¦ ¦ ,ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ErÓÏ
§ © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ
© © § © ,‰Nr ¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰
¨ ¦ § © È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © © § E¯Èr-Ïr
§ ¦ ©
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
˙eÎʧ È„È·e ¦ ¨ § NrÓ © © Ôȇ¥ Èa¦ .ÔÈr ¦ © ‡O‡ ¨ ¤ Cȇ ¥ § ‰t¤ ‰ˆÙ‡ ¤ § ¤ dkki` ¨¨ ¥
È˙ÈÓc
¦ ¦ ¨ .ÔÈȦ ¨ B¯·r ¨ £ ¯·‚Îe ¤ ¤ § ¯BkMk ¦ © È˙ÈÈ ¦ ¦ ‰â̈ È˙Èrb ¦ ¦ ¨ .Ôȇ ¦©
.¯eÒ¯Ò § © ̘e‰‰ © © I„Á © ¨ § Ic© ·Ï¥ „¯Á‰ © ¢ ¨ :ÔÈʦ © ÈÏk ¥ § B„Èa ¨ § ÔȇL ¥ ¤ ¯Ba‚Ï ¦§
B·BÁ§ ÔeÓ˨ BaÁ· ª § BB„ʧ .¯eÒÁ¨ ÔÈ·e ¦ ˙rcÓ © © ¦ ¯r· © § 㦠¯rÙi-‰Óe
©§¦ ©
¤ § ¦ ·Ï¥ä „¯Ë
‰Ê· © ¨ :¯eÒÓ¨ ÏeÓ ¨ ª § „Èa © § È¯Ó ¦ ¤ ·¯Â © § ‡ËBÁ ¥ .¯eÒ‡¨ Ba¯˜a §¦ §
.Lwr ¥ ¦ § ÏBzÏ˙ § © tå§ ı˜¥ ˙ÁÎBz ©© ‰Âr‰¨ ¡ ¤ ¯LÈ ¨ ¨ .Lw·Ï ¥ © § ‡a‰ ¨ © ‰ÊJ‰ ¤¨ ©
ÏrÙ© Ÿ aæ§ L¯BÁ ¥ Ô‡ ¤ ¨ BaI¦ .L˜BÓÏ ¥ § BÏ B˙ÁˆÂ ¨ £ © § B˙ÓL‡ ¨ § © ÂÈk¯a ¨ § ¦ ÏLBk ¤
Èz·r˙
¦ § © § ¦ .‡ˆÓ‡ ¨ § ¤ ‰Ó¨ ·ÈL‰Ï ¦ ¨ § ‰ˆÈÙa ¨ ¦ § ÔrË © © ÔrÓ © © :L˜B ¥ ÂÈtk ¨©
eÓ‡
¨ ¡ ¤ ‡Ï Ÿ ÈÓÈ © Óç¥ ˜ÙÒ ¤ ¤ .‰ˆÓL ¨ § ¦ § ÈÙB„ ¦ È˙‡IÓ
¦ ¥ ¨ Èk¦ ÈzÁχ ¦ § © ¡¤§
ÚLt© ¤ :‰vÓe ¨ © ·È¯¦ Ϩè È˙BÓBˆÂ © § ,‰Ó¯Óe¨ § ¦ Ô‡ ¤ ¨ È˙B¯ˆr© ¨ £ .‡ˆBÓ ¨ ·Ê·k
¨§ © §
.¯ÙÁ¤ ¥ ¨ Lea ÌÏÎ ¨ § ¦ ·Ï¥ ·‡kÓ ¥ § ¦ Èz˜r ¦ § © ˆé̈ .¯tk ¥ © ÌL‡Â ¨ ¨ § ‡N ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ § ‰ÁÓ ¥ §
·a¯rÂ
¥ § © § ·aÁÓe ¥ © § ‰v¯Ó ¤ © § ‰ˆ¯ ¥ § .¯Ù‰ ¥ ¨ ÒrΠ© © § Áp‰ © © Ê‚B¯Â¤ § CkL ¥ © Ûˆ¤̃ ¤
e˜ÈÊÁ‰¦ £ © ÌBz .¯· ¨ ¨ ·Ïa ¥ § eBk‰¦ χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ÈËÈÏt ¥ ¥ § ÈË·L ¥ § ¦ :¯ÙBÁ ¥ ıÓe ¨ bë
.¯a‚È© § ª ÏÈÁ ¦ © BL¯B„Ï § § B‡ˆn‰a § ¨ ¦ § ‰Â‰È-˙ ¨Ÿ § ‡î¤ .¯·¨ e˜M § ì© ,e˜ÈÙ‰ ¦ ¨ ÔÁ˙Â
© ©§
‡ˆÓ‡¨ § ¤ ÔBˆ¯¨ ˙r¥ Âñ§ ‰reLÈ ¨ § ÌBÈ :¯aL ¨ § ¦ § Èr ¦ ¨ ˙er¡ ıwL © ¦ § ‰Ê·-‡ ¨ ¨ ŸÏð
Ïlt˙‰I
¥ © § ¦ § È„Óra ¦ § ¨ § .EÈÈra ¤ ¥ § ·LÁ‡ ¥ ¨ ¥ ÌÏL ¥ ¨ § Èe‡¯Â ò¨ § Ôe‚‰¨ .EÈÙÏ ¤¨§
¦ § © Òà̈ .erÈÓL‰
ÈzÁÏ ¥ ¦ § © ÌÎ˙‡ ¤ § ¤ È˙Ȉ ¦ ¦ ¯ô¨ .EÈa ¤ ¨ Ïr© ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © Lw·Ie ¥©§
ÏBLΧ Óö¦ .˙BL˜¨ eÏBn‰Â¦ § ÔBÈÏr § ¤ Èt ¥ § ‡¨ e„˜L § ¦ :EÈBÚnÓ ¤ § ¦ ¯Oa˙ ¥ © §¦
eÙÈÒBz¦ χ© § ecÂ˙‰Â© § ¦ § e·Êr § ¦ ÔÂr Ÿ ¨ .˙BM˜rÓ © £ © e¯MÈ § © § C¯„ ¤ ¤ ept÷© ,eÓȯ‰ ¦¨
˙¢˜‰Ï
Ù"Ú (‰ :„È È Ì˘ Ù"Ú („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë ‚Î ‰ÈÓ¯È (‚ :ËÈ-ÁÈ Ë Ï‡È„ (· :Î „È ¯·„Ó· (‡ ‡"Â˙
Á ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ë :ÁÈ ÂË ‰ÈÓ¯È Ù"Ú (Á :ÊÈ Ë ÌÈω˙ (Ê :‰ ·Ï Ìȯ·„ Ù"Ú ( :ËÈ ‡ ÌÈω˙
: ‰ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ó :·È · ÌÈω˙ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Á È ˙ω˜ (Î :„È ‰Ò Ì˘ Ù"Ú (È :„
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÎ ‚Ó Ï‡˜ÊÁÈ (Ù :‡ ,ÊË ˙ÈÚ˙ ‰‡¯ (Ú :„È ËÒ Ì˘ (Ò :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‰Î ·Î ÌÈω˙ (
:Ì˘ (˜ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) „È Ê ‰ÈÚ˘È (ˆ
‡Ú ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 141
:˙BLw·e¨ © ÌÈLe·Î ¦ § ȯ·c ¥ § ¦ ÁwÈ © ¦ § ÌÁ ¨ ¦ § ·eLȨ r„B© ¥ Èà .˙BL˜‰ § © ϧ
‰ˆ¯¥ § È˙˜rÊ
¦ ¨ £ © .È˙rÂL
¦ ¨ § © C¯r ¤ ¥ ‰Èʇ‰
¨ ¦ £ © ÔepÁ© ÔepÁ¦ ÔB„‡¨ ‰·ÈL˜‰ ¨ ¦ § ©
Èχ
© ¥ ·¯˜ © § ¯ˆnÓ© ¥ ¦ EÈ˙‡¯˜ ¦ ¨ § .È˙rÂL ¦ ¨ § © Ia˜Â ¥ © § ‰zt˙‰Â
¤ © § ¦ § ‰v¯˙‰Â
¥ ©§ ¦§
:È˙reLz
¦ ¨ § ȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ È˙¯ÊrÏ
¦ ¨ § ¤ § ‰Le ¨ Áá .È˙reLÈÏ
¦ ¨ ¦ ‰ÎÏe¨§
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ ¥Ÿ ¡
.EÈÓeˆr˙a
¤ £ © § ËBtLÏ § ¦ ÌȯLÈÓ ¦ ¨ ¥ Áw˙k © ¦ § „rBÓ ¥ oFc` ¨
ÈNrÓa
© £ © § .EÓÓB¯Ï ¤ § § EÈt ¤ ¨ ˙BJÁ© ϧâ ıÏÙa ¤ ¤ § ‰·vÈ˙‡
¨ §© § ¤
:EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ È㧠.EÈÓÁ¯a ¤ £ © § ̇¦ Èk¦ ÈzrL ¦ § © § ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ
È„ÓBÚÂ
¥ § § ¯„‚-ȯ„B¤ ¨ ¥ § bå Ìb© .ı¯Óa ¤ ¤ § ÁÎ © Ÿ ȯBa ¥ bä¦ ,ÌÈeÓ‡ ¦ ¡ eÊb¨
„·© ‡æ̈ .ı¯r ¤ ¤ ÈÓL ¥ § ÔÎBMÓ ¥ ¦ ÁÎa © Ÿ § ̈ÙÁ ¨ § ¤ ÈL¯Bc¥ § .ı¯t· ¤¤ ©
È‰
¦ § ¦ .ÈÙ¦ BÓa§ ·ÈL‡ ¦ ¨ ‰Óe ¨ È˙BJ˜ ¦ © Ô‰¥ç :ı¯‡‰-ÔÓ ¤ ¨ ¨ ¦ „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨
.ÈÙBc
¦ ·¯© È‡Â ¦ £ © ‰e˜‡¤ © £ Cȇ ¥ § .ÈtÎa ¦ © § ˙BÏrÙÓ £ § ¦ Ôȇa ¥ § ¯Èrˆ ¦¨
ÈB„Ê
¦ § .Èrc ¦ ¥ ˙BeÁÓ © ¥ ‡¯È‡Â ¨ ¦ ¨ ÈzÏÁ ¦ § © Êé̈ :ÈÙ¦ ȯӇ ¥ § ¦ ÔBˆ¯I ¨ § ˙Bȉ¡è
È·ÊrÂ
¦ § ¨ § ,È˙BcÂ˙‰a
¦ © § ¦ § ÈÓÁ¯ ¦ ¥ £ © ÔepÁ© .ÈrL¯ ¦ § ¦ „¯Óe ¤ ¤ Èz¯B‚È̈¦ §
È‰Â
¦ § ¦ § ,È˙ÈrË
¦ ¦ ¨ :ÈrÂLa ¦ § © § EÈχ ¤ ¥ ÈeÁz© £ © IB˜a§ ÚÓ© L §ë .ÈrLÙ¦ § ¦
È·LÁ
¦ ¥ § ¨ ,ÌÈÈr ¦ © ¥ ¯B‰Ëî§ .EBˆ¯ ¤ § ˙BNr£ì ,‰cÂ˙Óe ¤ © § ¦ ·L ¨
.EÈc
¤ ¦ ˙¯eMÓ © ¦ ÌÈÙI ¦ § ¦ ÈI¦ Òk ¥ ¨ ‰ð¦ dȨ .EÈÙI ¤ ¨ § ÌÏLk ¥ ¨ §
¨ © § ¦ EÁ£ Ÿkò :EÈÈra
‡-Ïc‚È ¤ ¥ § ÔÁ-‡ˆÓ‡ ¥ ¨ § ¤ ÔrÓI © © § Er„‡ £ ¨ ¥ Âñ§
.‰‡ ¤ ¨ B˜¯§ Ùe ô¦ ÏÈ‚¯Â ¦ ¨ § Ô˜¥ Êô̈ ˙JÙ˙k © ¦ § ¦ .‰‡˙‰ ¤ ¨ § ¦ È˙lÙ˙·e ¦¨ ¦ § ¦
:‰‡¯e ¦ © ¨ ¦ Ëa¥ ‰©÷ .‰‡Îp‰Â
¥ § ÌÈÓMÓ ¤ § ¦ © § ‰k„p‰ ¤ § ¦ © ¯aLp‰¨ § ¦ © È·· ¦ ¨ ϧö
ÏÁBÓ
¥ ,˙e„ÈÒÁa
¦ £ © ‚‰˙Óe
¥ © § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯¦ £ © ‡qk
¥ ¦ Ïr© ·LB ¤ ¤ l`¥
¥ Èø CÏÓ
‰IÈÁÓ
¨ ¦ § ‰a¯Ó
¤ § © ,ÔBL‡¯¦ ÔBL‡¯¦ ¯È·r Ÿ£
¦ £ Óù© ,Bnr© ˙BÂr
¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ Ìr¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ‰N¤ ŸÚú ,ÌÈrLBtI
¦ § © ‰ÁÈÏÒe ¨ ¦ § ÌȇËÁÏ
¦ ¨£©
Á¯Â
:Ê „È ‰ÈÓ¯È („ :· Ê ‰È¯ÎÊ Ù"Ú (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚Î ÁÏ ÌÈω˙ (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë ‚ ‰ÂÈ (‡ ‡"Â˙
ÌÈω˙ (Ë :„ Ó ·Âȇ Ù"Ú (Á :· Ê ‰ÎÈÓ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ï ·Î χ˜ÊÁÈ ( :Î ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (‰
‡ ˜Â˜·Á (Ó :Ë Ó Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ÁÎ ÌÈω˙ (Î : ·Ï ·Âȇ (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ËÈ
Ù"Ú (ˆ :‡ ,ÊË ˙ÈÚ˙ (Ù :ÊÈ „È ¯·„Ó· Ù"Ú (Ú :‚È ‚Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ò :‡ ,Ê ˙Âί· Ù"Ú ( :‚È
ÌÈω˙ (˙ :‡ ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ (˘ : ,ËÎ ‰·¯ ‡¯˜È (¯ :ÂË ‚Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È (˜ :ËÈ ‡ ÌÈω˙
:(ÈÂÈ˘·)  ‚˜
‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 142
LŸÏL§ ¯ÓBÏ© el¨ ˙ȯB¨ ¥ ‰à χ¥ .ÏBÓ‚z § ¦ Ì˙r¯Î Ÿ ,Áe¯Â
¨ ¨ ¨ § ‡Ï © §
ÂrI
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © § ,‰¯Nr ¥ § ¤ LŸÏL§ ˙ȯa ¦ § ÌBi‰© eI-¯ÎÊ
¨ ¨ § ,‰¯Nr
¥§ ¤
ÌL¨ Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙iÂ
¥ © § ¦ © Ôra ¨Ÿ § „¯i
¨ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¤ ¥Âá© ·e˙kL¨ ¤ BÓk§ ,Ì„wÓ
¤¤ ¦
¨Ÿ § ÌL
:‰Â‰È ¥ ·1§ ‡¯˜i¨ § ¦©
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰

‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Ââ©
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âã§
¨ © kä¦ :erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨Ÿ £
¨ © § ·BË È„‡
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ Ï©æ :eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Må§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èç§ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί·
¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr§ © ©
¨Ÿ Èé§ :Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡
¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨Ÿ èȧ :‰IÒ
¨ § ‰Â‰ Ÿ £ © ȉχ
¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ ¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰
¨ ¦
‰˙‡N
¨ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡ÎÂ
¤ £ © § .EcÒÁ ¤Ÿ § ‰f‰
¤ § © Ï„‚k ¤ © Ìr‰ Ÿ £ © ‡-ÁÏ
¨ ¨ ÔÂrÏ ¨ © Òë§
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § :‰p‰-„rÂ
¨ ¥ © § ÌȯˆnÓ
¦ © § ¦ ¦ ‰f‰
¤ © ÌrÏ̈¨
:LxacM
¤ ¨ § ¦ iYglq
¦ § © ¨ dedi
¨Ÿ § xn`I
¤ Ÿ eì©
¯Èr‰Â ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ‰‡¯e
¦ ¨ § ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ¥ § EÈÈr¤ ¥ Á˜t© § ,ÚÓLe
¨ § Eʇ § § ¨ | ȉχ© Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰î©
ÌÈIÈtÓ
¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ir
¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ | Èk¦ ,‰ÈÏr¨ ¤ ¨ EÓL § ¦ ‡¯˜-¯L‡
¨§¦ ¤ £
,‰ÁÏÒ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr
¤ £ © © Èk¦ ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § eÈeÁz
¥ £ ©
‡¯˜
¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk
§ ¦ ¦ ,ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ErÓÏ
§ © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ
© © § © ,‰Nr ¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰
¨ ¦ § © È„‡ ¨Ÿ £

ÂȘχ
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © © § E¯Èr-Ïr
§ ¦ ©
Ì˘ ( :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (‰ :Ë Ì˘ („ :Ê-Â Ì˘ (‚ :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (· :· ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ‰‡¯ (‡ ‡"Â˙
Ì˘ (Ï :ËÈ „È ¯·„Ó· (Î :È Î Ì˘ (È :‚È „Ù Ì˘ (Ë :Á ÂÓ Ì˘ (Á :Ë ‚ Ì˘ (Ê :‚È ‚˜
:ËÈ-ÁÈ Ë Ï‡È„ (Ó :Î
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
·Ú ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 143
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
Ïa© Ì˙BχLÓe¨ £ § ¦ ̯BÒÁÓ ¨ £ © .‰¯ˆ˜ ¨ ¨ § Ìzr„ ¨ § © § Enr § © Èίˆ ¥ § ¨ miAx ¦ ª nà§
χ¥ ‰â̈ :‡¯˜ ¨ § ¦ Ì¯Ë ¤ ¤ e‚È‚‰ ¥ ¦ £ ‰È ¨ a«á¦ ‡¨ .‰¯tÒI ¨ § © § eÏÎeÈ §
:‡¯Bp‰Â ¨ © § ¯Bab‰ ¦ © ÏB„b‰ ¨©
ÌBL
¨ ϧ ‰rÓa ¥ £ © § ˙BlÙz ¦ § ¯„Ò ¤ ¥ .‰rÈ‚Ù ¨ ¦ § Èr„BÈ ¥ § eÏk¨ Ì‚Â © § Etq ¨
e‚O‰
§ © ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ Ôk¥ Ir© :‰r¯‰ ¨ ¨ ¨ ‰˙·¯Â ¨ § ¨ § e¯˙B § © ÌÈÓe¯r ¦ £ .‰rÈa‰I ¨ ¦ © §
:‰reLÈ
¨ §
.˙BlÒÓ ¦ § eÈÂr‰Â ¦ ¡ ¤ § e„¯Óe § © ¨ erLt § © ¨ .˙BlÁÏ © § EÈ¤ tã̈ eϨ Ôȇ¥ mipR ¦¨
ÌÈ„ÓBÚ ¦ § ‰ä̈ :˙BJ‰˙ ¦ § ÈίrÓa ¥ § © © § Lw· ¥ © § „·Ï © § Eϧ ‰˜„ˆ ¨ ¨§
:˙BÏÈJa ¨Ÿ §
¥ © ‰Â‰È-˙È·a ¥ §
.‰¯eLz ¨ § ˙Èa¯Ók ¦ § © § È·È ¦ ¦ Ïa˜ ¥ © .‰¯eLk ¨ § ıÈÏÓ ¦ ¥ ÒÙ¨ Èk¦ ‰‡¯ ¥ § WFcw¨
:‰¯e·‚a
¨ § ¦ ¯Ê‡ ¨ § ¤å χ¥ :‰¯eL˜ ¨ § E¯˙Îa § § ¦ § ‡‰z ¥ § ÌBi‰© È˙p¯ ¦¨ ¦
˙rÈ‚Ùk
© ¦ § ¦ È˙rÈ‚t ¦ ¨ ¦ § ÚÓL © § .‰ÓÈr ¨ ¦ § ‡‰˙ ¥ § È˙lÙ˙e ¦ ¨ ¦ § ‰rL ¥ § izÓeW ¦ ¨§©
‰ÏB¤ zæ :‰ÓÈ˙Á‰ ¨ ¦ £ © eI¨ ·ÈËÈ˙ ¦ ¥ § ÌÈiÁI ¦ © § e˜˜BÁz ¥ § § .‰nz ¨ ©
:‰ÓÈIa-Ir
¨ ¦ § © ı¯‡ ¤¤
.È„arÓ
¦ ¨ § © rB¯ © ÏÁÓe
© § ÁÏÒ © § .È„ÓrÓa¦ ¨ £ © § È˙·eLz ¦ ¨ § Ïa˜Â ¥ © § ËBLt§ Lci §¨
¨Ÿ § ‰z‡
‰Â‰È ¨ © Âç§ :È„„BÚÓe
¦ § § È„Bc ¦ EȯÁLÓ ¤ £ © § ˙·BËa © § ˜BÒr £ © ‡¨ ‰t ¥§
:È„ra
¦ £ © Ô‚Ó̈ ¥
.ÈÏÎN
¦ § ¦ ËeÚÓ¦ ÈÙk ¦ § E„B‰ § ÈzÓÓB¯ ¦ § © .ÈÏelÓ
¦ ¦ „B‰ ‰Ê·z ¤ § ¦ χ© dfA Ÿ ¨
:ÈIÈÁ
¦ ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÈ‰Ï ¦ Ÿ ‡¡è .ÈI‡LÓe
¦ ¨ § ¦ È˙‡z ¦ ¨ £ © ‰·BËI ¨ § ‡lÓ ¥©
.‰lÓe ¨ ¦ ‰lÓ-Ïk ¨ ¦ ¨ ÔBaLÁÏ § ¤ § ÛB¯ˆ§ .‰lÙ˙a ¨ ¦ § ¦ ¯˙r˙ ¥ ¨ ¥ § ÈÁÈN ¦ ¦ axÓ © ¡ i¤é
Ÿ £ © ȉχ
·˜rÈ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Èʇ ¨ ¦ £ ‰ì© .‰IeI· ¨ § ‰Á ë¦ § È„ÓrÓ
¨ § Ók ¦ ¨ £ © LB„˜¨ ·BLÁ£
:‰ÏÒ ¨¤
ÏÁBÓ
¥ ,˙e„ÈÒÁa
¦ £ © ‚‰˙Óe
¥ © § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯
¦ £ © ‡qk
¥ ¦ Ïr© ·LB ¤ ¤ l`¥
¥ Èî CÏÓ
‰IÈÁÓ
¨ ¦ § ‰a¯Ó
¤ § © ,ÔBL‡¯¦ ÔBL‡¯¦ ¯È·r Ÿ£
¦ £ Ó©ð ,Bnr© ˙BÂr
ÌȇËÁÏ
:· Ê ‰È¯ÎÊ Ù"Ú („ :·Ï Ë ‰ÈÓÁ (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ‰ ÌÈω˙ (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ,ËÎ ˙Âί· (‡ ‡"Â˙
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) ËÈ ‚ ˜Â˜·Á (Ë :„ ‚ ÌÈω˙ (Á :Ê ÂÎ ·Âȇ (Ê :Ê ‰Ò Ì˘ ( :‡ „Ϙ ÌÈω˙ (‰
‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ( : ,ËÎ ‰·¯ ‡¯˜È (Ó :Ë „Ù ÌÈω˙ (Ï :È Ê ‡¯˜È Ù"Ú (Î :„Ï „˜ ÌÈω˙ (È
:‡ ,ÊÈ
‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 144
¯Na-Ïk
¨ ¨ ¨ Ìr¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ‰N ¤ ŸÚà ,ÌÈrLBtÏ
¦ § © ‰ÁÈÏÒe ¨ ¦ § ÌȇËÁÏ
¦ ¨£©
LGL§ ¯ÓBÏ © el¨ ˙ȯB¨ ¥ ‰á I‡¥ .ÏBÓ‚z § ¦ Ì˙r¯Î Ÿ ,Áe¯Â
¨ ¨ ¨ § ‡Ï © §
ÂrI
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © § ,‰¯Nr ¥ § ¤ LŸÏL§ ˙ȯa ¦ § ÌBi‰© eI-¯ÎÊ
¨ ¨ § ,‰¯Nr
¥§ ¤
ÌL¨ Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙iÂ
¥ © § ¦ © Ôra
¨ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § „¯i ¤ ¥Ââ© ·e˙kL¨ ¤ BÓk§ ,Ì„wÓ
¤¤ ¦
¨Ÿ § ÌL
:‰Â‰È ¥ ·1§ ‡¯˜i ¨ § ¦©
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰
‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Âã©
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âä§
¨ © kå¦ :erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨Ÿ £
¨ © § ·BË È„‡
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ Ï©ç :eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mæ§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ èȧ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί·
¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr§ © ©
¨Ÿ Èë§ :Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡
¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨Ÿ Èé§ :‰IÒ
¨ § ‰Â‰ Ÿ £ © ȉχ
¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ ¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰
¨ ¦
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
.‰Ó¨ ¨ ÈÓì¦ ˙„rÏ© £ © z·‰‡ ¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡ ¤ £ .‰Lȉ¨ ¨ § © E˙·‰‡ § ¨ £ © ‰¯¯BÚ¨ § `P`
¨¨
Èr¯Â
¨ ¥ § ÈÁ‡
© © ÔrÓ© © ϧî .‰pÎÓ ¨ ª § ˙eگ ¥ § ‰ÂÁ‡Â
¨ § © § ‰aÁ ¨ ¦ ÈÈepk-IÎa
¥ ¦ ¨ §
„ÓÁ¤ ¤ rLrLÏ
© ¥ £ © § ÏÈb¦ .Èe·b-¯ ¦ § © ‰©ð Ïr© E„rˆa § § © § Ìb© :‡p-‰¯a„‡
¨ ¨ § ©£
¦ © ‰¦ Âò§ .È·e
‡È‰-Ìb-‡È ¦ § LB„˜¨ ÈB‚§ ÌÈ‰k ¦ £ Ÿ ˙ÎÏÓ ¤ ¤ § Óñ© ˙Ènc
¨ ¦ ¦ .ÈBÓ„˜
¦ §©
Ï·Á¤ ¤ È·ˆ¦ § ˙ÏÁ © £ ô© ‰zL¯B‰¨ § © :ÈB„‡Â
¦ £ © ÈkIÓ ¦ § © ‡e‰ ÈÁ‡ ¦ ¨ ‰¯Ó‡
¨§ ¨
‰eÏËÏË
¨ § § ¦ ‰zr ¨ © ԉ ¥ § .ÌÈreˆrˆ
¦ £ © ˙BÈBÏa§ E„B·ÎÏ § § ¦ ÛÙBzÒ‰ ¥ § ¦ .ÌÈrp‰¦¨©
ÌȯÊ
Ì˘ (‰ :Ê-Â Ì˘ („ :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‚ :· ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ‰‡¯ (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·)  ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
Î Ì˘ (Î :‚È „Ù Ì˘ (È :Á ÂÓ Ì˘ (Ë :Ë ‚ Ì˘ (Á :‚È ‚˜ Ì˘ (Ê :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ ( :Ë
:‰ Î ˙È˘‡¯· (Ú : ËÈ ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ò :ÊË ÁÒ Ì˘ ( :Á ·Î˜ ÌÈω˙ (Ó :È ‚Î ¯·„Ó· (Ï :È
:ËÈ ‚ ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ù
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
‚Ú ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 145
¯BÎʧ :ÌÈrB¯ ¦ EÈÁ‡ ¤ © ‡Ï Ÿ ‰£á Ì‰Ï ¤ ¨ ‡Ï Ÿ ı¯‡ ¤ ¤ aৠ.ÌÈÚ¯Ó ¦ ¥ § ÌȄʦ ¥ Ìȯʦ ¨
˜ÏÓr¥ ¨ £ È„ÈÁΉI¦ ¦ § © § eÓÓÊ § ¨ .I‡¥ ˘Lz-χ Ÿ § ¦ © § L¯Áz-I © ¡ ¤ ‡Â ã© § ÁkLz-Ï© § ¦ ‡©â
¯Ó‡ © ¨ ‰Ÿkä .χ‰ ¥ ¨ ˙B‡Iz‰-Ïk-˙‡ ¨ § © ¨ ¤ zr„È ¨ § © ¨ ‰z¨ ‡ä© ÔepÁ© .χrÓLÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦§
‰‡ÓËa¨ § ª § ‰¯‰Ë ¨ ¢ ¨ .ÌȘ˜B· ¦ § ¦ ¨ § eæ ÈIr
Èe˜˜· © ¨ eÏÙ§ Ëå̈ :χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ EÈÁ‡ ¦ ¨
ÏB˜è .ÌÈwÏ ¦ ª § ÌÈkÓ ¦ ª EÈ„· ¤ ¨ r£ç ‰p‰ ¥ ¦ ÌBÈ ÌBÈ .ÌȘÁB„ ¦ £ ÈeˆÁIe ¦ ¨ § ¯ÈÓ‰I ¦ ¨§
‰ÙÒÎÂ
¨ § § ¦ § ‰˙Ï ¨ § kë̈ .L˜BÓÏ ¥ § ˙BÁÈL ¦ ÈϦ e¯ké̈ :ÌȘrBˆ ¦£ EÈÁ‡ ¦ ¨ ÈÓc ¥ §
© © ‡î¤ .LwI
ÈÁ‡-˙ ¥ © § ÈÁ˙t © ¨ § Ir© ÈϦ ‰˙reLÈ ¨ ¨ Ϧì .Lw·I ¥ © § ‰˙¯Êr ¨ ¨ § ¤ ÈLÙ ¦ §©
ËÈaÓ ¦ © .E„B·Î ¤ § ‡qk ¥ ¦ Ïr© Ez·L § § ¦ añ§ ‰Òk ¤ ¤ ÌBiÓð¦ :Lw·Ó ¥ © § ÈÎ‡ ¦Ÿ ¨
.EÈ„‚B· ¤ § ‰MÓ ¥ © Ïra-Ï © © kò̈ NB‚§ .EÈ„·BÚ ¤ § § EÈ„¯BÓ ¤ § ·Ï¥ „ÁÈ © © ¯B˜ÒI §¦
e‡¯wÈ § ¨ ¦ ˙r¥ ÌȯÙÒ ¦ ¨ § :E„È ¤ ¨ ËÓLz ¥ § © EÈÁ‡-˙‡ ¦ ¨ ¤ El§ ‰È‰È ¤ § ¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ Âô©
„ÒÁ¤ ¤ ¨ ÔÁ¥ ÔBÈÏr § ¤ .CÓ ¨ ¨ rBLÏ
© § ÛeJÁ ¦ § ÌÈiÁ ¦ © ˙‡N ¥ § .CÓÏBÚ ¨¨ ȇe¯·I
¥ §¦
,ÈpÁÂ
¦ ¥ ¨ § Èχ© ¥ ‰¥ tø§ :Cnr ¨ ¦ EÈÁ‡ ¦ ¨ ÈÁ¥ Â÷§ ,·BËϧ Ec·r § § © ·¯ Ÿ r£ö .CÓÏe‡a¨¨ §
E˜lÁa§ ¤ © § Û¯Ë ¤ ¤ ˜BÁ Èίˆ ¥ § ¨ .ÔBÈL¯Â § ¦ § ÈBÚa¦ § EȈ‡Ó ¤ £ © § ¯bt ¥ © .ÔBÈÏr § ¤ È˙e
¦¥ §
ÛLp·¤ ¤ © ÈzÓc ¦ § © ˜ú¦ :ÔBÈ·‡‰ § ¤ ¨ EÈÁ‡Ó ¦ ¨ ¥ E„È-˙‡ § ¨ ¤ ıt˜˙ Ÿ § ¦ ‡ŸÏù .ÔBÈÒÙ‡ §© § ©
EÈÓÁ ¤ £ ¯à© .ÈÏrÓe¦ £ © ÈrLÙ ¦ § ¦ ‡N ¨ § EcÒÁ § § © ‰Óc˜ ¨ § © .ÈÏIBÁÓ ¦ § § Eϧ reL‡Â ©¥© £©
EÈir¤ ¦ £ ˙rÂL© § © ‰rL ¥ § :ÈI¦ Á‡k ¨ § EzÈ § ¤ ¦ ÈÓᦠ.ÈÏ·‡ ¦ § ¤ ÌÁÓk ¥ © § ¦ ÈÏr © ¨ eÏÏBb˙È
§ §¦
ÌȨ ˙BψÓa ª § ¦ CÈIL ¦ § zã© .Ì˙iÁ ¨ ¨ © § ÌLÙ ¨ § © ˙BÚ¯· ¨ § ‰r· ¨ §N ¨â .Ì˙˜rˆÂ ¨ ¨£©§
¦ Ÿ ¨ NN
ÈÎ‡ ¨å :Ì˙‡hÁ ¨ ¨ © § EÈÁ‡ ¤ © ÚLt © ¤ ‡¨ ‡N ¨ ‡p¨ ‡ä̈ .Ì˙‡hÁ-Ik ¨ Ÿ © ¨
È˙Ó© ¨ .EÈÁeÏL ¤ § ÌȯȈ ¦ ¦ È„È-Ïr ¥ § © Èz·aÏ ¦ ¦ § © ¦ .EÈÁË·Ó ¤ ¨ § ¦ ˙¯Ó‡-Ïr ©§ ¦ ©
Ì„wÓ ¤ ¤ ¦ ˙Èȉ
¨ ¦ ¨ :EÈÁ‡ ¤ © ÌBÏL-˙‡ § ¤ ‰‡¯ ¥ § ‡-C ¨ Ϥæ .EÁÎa ¤ Ÿ § ErB¯Ê £ § ÛŸNÁz § ©
ın‡Â¥ © § .Ì˙ÓB˜ ¨ ¨ ‰zr ¨ © Ìb© ÛB˜Ê§ ÈÁ© .Ì˙‡b ¨ ¨ £ © ·¯Á ¤ ¤ § χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ‰Â˜ ¥ § Óç¦
:Ì˙a¯r-˙‡Â
¨ ¨ ª £ ¤ § ÌBÏLÏ ¨ § „˜Ùz Ÿ § ¦ EÈÁ‡-˙‡ ¤ © ¤ Âè§ .Ì˙BÈa ¨ ¥ ÔBkL˙ § ¦ § ÌrB¯Ê¨ §
„Á© È©ë .‰·Èˉ
¨ ¦ ¥ Ìlk
¨ ª EnrÏ
§ © § .‰·‰
¨ ¨ ‰¯Êr ¨ ¡ l`¥é
¨ § ¤ ‰eÓ‡
¥ Óî .Ìlk
ÏLB ¨ ª ˙BaϦ ÔÁB¥ aì :‰·¯˜
¨ ¨ § ¦ ËtLnI
¨ § ¦©
Â˙¯Â·‚·
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) „È Î ¯·„Ó· (‰ :· ‚Ù Ì˘ („ :ËÈ „Ú ÌÈω˙ (‚ :‚È ÊÏ Ì˘ (· :‚È ÂË ˙È˘‡¯· (‡ ‡"Â˙
‰Ù Ì˘ ÌÈω˙ (È :È „ ˙È˘‡¯· (Ë :ÊË ‰ ˙ÂÓ˘ (Á :‚ · ÌÂÁ Ù"Ú (Ê :ËÒ ËȘ ÌÈω˙ (Â
,„Ï ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ‰‡¯ ( :ÊË ÊÏ ˙È˘‡¯· (Ó :‚ Ù Ì˘ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚ „Ù Ì˘ (Î :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
‰Î ‡¯˜È (˜ :·Î˜ ËȘ ÌÈω˙ (ˆ :‚ Ì˘ (Ù :· ÂË Ìȯ·„ (Ú :‡ ,ÊË Ì˘ ‰‡¯ (Ò :‡
È·„ ‡˙ (‡ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÓ˜ ËȘ ÌÈω˙ (˙ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ê ÂË Ìȯ·„ (˘ :ÊË ‰Î ÌÈω˙ (¯ :ÂÏ
Ê ‰ÎÈÓ („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) „ ÁÙ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :‡ Á ÌÈ¯È˘‰ ¯È˘ (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ËÈ ˜¯Ù ‰·¯ ‰Èχ
‡-χÂÓ˘ (Ë :‚È ÊÈ ‰ÈÓ¯È (Á :„È ÊÏ ˙È˘‡¯· (Ê :·Ò˜ ËȘ ÌÈω˙ ( :ÊÈ  ˙È˘‡¯· (‰ :ËÈ
:Ê ÂÒ Ì˘ (Ó :È Ê ÌÈω˙ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡ ‡Ó ‰ÈÚ˘È (Î :„ ·Ï Ìȯ·„ (È :ÁÈ ÊÈ
‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 146
© bá̈ :ÌÏr-Ïk
dB· ¨ § ¤ ¨ Ïr© ËtLn· ¨ § ¦ © ‡· Ÿ Èà̈ .ÌÏBÚ ¨ B˙¯e·‚a
¨ §¦
¨ ¨ § ¦ eã .I‡-ȯ¯‰k
ÂÈËtLÓ ¥ ¥ § © § ÂÈ˙B˜„ ¨ § ˆa ⦠§ Lc˜ © § ¦ .I‡‰ ¥ ¨ ËtLna ¨ § ¦ ©
˙Ӈ¤ ¡ ¤ „ÒÁa ¤ ¤ § .EȇeN ¤ § LÚÓ ¤Ÿ ¥ ‰Ïc ¥ § :χ¯NÈ-Ìr ¥ ¨§ ¦ ¦
·Ï¥å EÈÙϤ ¨ § ¯Lȉ © § © :E‡Òk ¤ § ¦ ÔBÎÓ§ ËtLÓe ¨ § ¦ ˜„¤ ˆ¤ä .EȇOÓ ¤ § ©§
¤ Ÿ § :·˜rÈ
¯LÈ Ÿ £ © ȉχI ¥ Ÿ ¥ ËtL ¨ § Óç¦ .·BwȦ ¯‰¨ ‰æ̈ EÈc § ¦ .·B˜r¨
¤ ¨ § ¦ ϧ é .e„ÓÏ
EÈËtLÓ ¨ ¨ ˜„ˆ ¤ ¤ I·˙ ¥ ¥ È·LB ¥ § Èè .e„ÓÁ ¨ ¡ ¤ EÈ˙BcÓ ¤ ¦
.˙ÓzÁ¤ ¤ § ¤ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ÏrBÙa © § .˙Ó˙BÁ ¤ ¤ ‰Ùe¯ˆ
¨ § ‰˜e˜Ê ¨ § :e„Ór̈ ¨
˜ÁBLÂ
¥ § ÔÁBË ¥ .˜„Ba ¥ ÔÈcÓ ¦ ¦ Ïk Ÿ „¯Á ¥ ¨ :˙Ó‡ ¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § -ÈËtL
¥ § § Óë¦
‰Ê¤ ÌBÈ .BÓ‡k ¢ ¨ § ÊBÚÓI ¨ § ·BËì :˜„ˆÂ ¤ ¤ ¨ ˙Ó‡ ¤ ¡ ËtLÓ © § ¦ .˜„‰ ¥¨
.EȘ·c ¤ ¥ § Ôe˜ˆ· ¨ § elÁÈ © § :Bnr© ËtLÓ © § ¦ ˙BNr£ Ï©î .BÓrÊ § © ÁkLÈ© § ¦
ÚLt
© ¤ ‰lk ¥ © :E˜„ˆ ¤ § ¦ ÈËtLÓ ¥ § § ¦ Ïr©ð .EÈwÁ ¤ ª ÌelLa ¦ § eÏÒÏÒÈ §§ ©§
:ÌËtLÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ˙ÈNr ¨ ¦ ¨ Âñ§ .ÌËaÓa ¨ ¨ © § EÈÏÁÈÓ ¤ £ © § eLB·È-χ ¥ © § .ÌzÎ ¨ §¦
-χ© Âò§ .eÓN‰ § © ª ÌÏBÚ ¨ ˙ȯ·Ï ¦ § ¦ .eÓ˜‰ § © ª E¯ÎÊÏe § § ¦ § EÓLÏ § ¦ §
ÂÈÓÁ¯a
¨ £ © § .ı¯r ¤ ¤ ÈLB„˜a¥ § ¦ CÏÓ ¤ ¤ :enr ¨ ¦ ËtLÓ· ¨ § ¦ § ‡·z̈ Ÿ
ÌBi‰-Ïk© ¨ È˙BÈ‚ © ¦ ö§ :ı¯‡ ¤ ¨ „ÈÓrÈ ¦ £ © ËtLÓ ¨ § ¦ aô§ .ı¯t ¤ ¤ ¯Bc‚È §¦
¨ § ¦ © Èkø¦ .e‰e‡ˆÓ
ËtLn‰ ¨ § ‡G ÁÎ-‡Èb ©Ÿ ©÷ .e‰e¯M‡È
¦N § ©§
Á˙t © § Ì˙rÂLÏ ¨ ¨ § © § .EnrI ¤ © § EcÒÁ § § © ·bÒ ¥ © :‡e‰ ÌȉG‡I ¦ ¥
-Ïk¨ CÈÏL ¦ § © EÈÏr ¤ ¨ :EÓL ¤ § È·‰B‡Ï ¥ £ § ËtLÓ ¨ § ¦ kù§ .EÈÓL ¤ ¨
¤ ¨ § ¦ Èkú¦ .ÌÈ·‰‡a
EÈËtLÓ ¦ ¨ £ © rȯÎz © ¦ § © ˜„ˆ ¤ ¤ Ûk© .ÌÈ·‰È ¦ ¨§
‰aÎz
¤ § ¦ χ© Èrˆ·a ¦ § ¦ § .È˙ÏÈÁÓI ¦ ¨ ¦ § ¦ ¯‡‰ ¥ ¨ EÈ¤ tà̈ :ÌÈ·BË ¦
.‰·ÈËÁ
¨ ¦ £ ˙Á© ‡k ©â § È˜cˆ¦ ¥ § © :ÈzÏÁÈ ¦ § ¨ ¦ EÈËtLÓI ¤ ¨ § ¦ § Èkᦠ.È˙ÏÁ‚ ¦ ¨ £©
·¯˜¥ ¨ :‰a¯ ¨ © ÌB‰z§ EÈËtL ¤ ¨ § Óä¦ .‡a‰ ¨ © ÌBi‰© ˉl © © Ó㦠ÈÎNÁ
¦¥ § ¨
Ú˘È
:‡Î ‚Ï Ìȯ·„ („ :Ê ÂÏ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (‚ :ÊË ‰ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) „È ·È ˙ω˜ (‡ ‡"Â˙
‰ÈÚ˘È (Ë :‰ ‡Ù ÌÈω˙ (Á :‡ ,·ˆ ˙ÂÓ·È Ù"Ú (Ê :Ë ÊÈ ‰ÈÓ¯È Ù"Ú ( :ÂË ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (‰
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ê ‡ ÌÂÁ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·) È ËÈ Ì˘ (Î :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡ˆ ËȘ ÌÈω˙ (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë ÂÎ
ÌÈω˙ (Ú :‰Ó Ì˘ ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ (Ò :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ò˜ ËȘ ÌÈω˙ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë Á ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ (Ó
‡ Ìȯ·„ (¯ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚Î ÊÏ ·Âȇ (˜ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) „È ‚ ‰Îȇ (ˆ :„ ËÎ ÈÏ˘Ó (Ù :· ‚Ó˜
˙Âί· Ù"Ú (‚ :‚Ó ËȘ Ì˘ (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Î Ù Ì˘ (‡ :ËÏ Ì˘ (˙ :·Ï˜ ËȘ ÌÈω˙ (˘ :ÊÈ
:Ê ÂÏ ÌÈω˙ (‰ :ËÈ ‚ È·ÏÓ Ù"Ú („ :‡ ,Â
„Ú ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 147
:EÈËtLÓ ¤ ¨ § ¦ ¯LÈ ¤ Ÿ Âৠ.EÈËÙL
¤ ¨ § ÈÏ·Áa
¥ § © § ÌÈÊeÁ‡ ¦ £ .EÈË·L ¤ ¨ § ÚLÈ ©¤
ÌB˜Ó᧠.‰ÓÈÓM‰ ¨ § © ¨ © EI§ ‰ÏrÈ ¤ £ © .‰ÓLe¨ ¨ § ¯N·e¨ ¨ ·lÓ ¥ ¦ Ô¯¤¤
EÈίc¤ ¨ § „nI ¥ © .EÈtÎa ¤ © § e˜˜BÁÓ
¥ § § eËÙB ¥ § Lâ :‰nL ¨ ¨ ËtLn‰¨ § ¦ ©
.eic¥ © EcÒÁ § § © rÈtLz © ¦ § © :EÈÙ¦ ÈËtLÓ-ÏÎ ¥ § § ¦ ¨ Â㧠.EÈtˆÓ ¤© §
å¦ § ÔBȯt‡
ÈrÏ § ¦ © :eiÁ ¥ © EÈËtLÓ ¤ ¨ § ¦ kä§ .eȇÓI
¥ ¨ £ © § EÈÓÁ¯
¤ £ © ˙¯Ba‚z
¤ § ¦
:‰„tz ¤ ¨ ¦ ËtLÓa ¨ § ¦ § ÔBiˆæ¦ .È„BÒÈ ¦ § IIÎLÏ ¥ § © § ¯‰Ó ¥ © .‰„O‰ ¤¨ ©
EÈËtLÓ¤ ¨ § ¦ eç .Èe¯Ê
¦ ¥ ˙B¯˜ § © Ú„b © § .Èe¯ft
¦ § ¦ ‰Ó˜p‡¨ § ¨ ¦ È·ÈB‡Ó
©§ ¥
:Èe¯ÊrÈ
¦ §©©
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
‡qk¥ ¦ Ïr© Ez·La § § ¦ § .¯B˜rÏ £ © ÈÏa ¦ § rBË© § e·zÎz ¥ § § ¦ ÌÈÎe¯‡ ¦ £ miI¦ g è©
§ ¦ ké¦ .¯B˜Áz
Enr-È § © χ© Ú¯‰Â © ¨ § ‰Ùˆ ¥ § ·Bh‰© .¯B˜ÒÏ § ¦ ÌÈNrÓ ¦ £©
·È¯z © ¤ ¨ ŸÏì .˙ȇ¯
¦ ¨ ÁˆÏ-‡ ¥ § ¦ Bt‡a © § Ú‚¯Â © ¤ § BBˆ¯a § ¦ ÌÈi¦ Áë© :ÌÈiÁ ¦ © ¯B˜Ó§
¦ © ¨ ‰‡¥ ¯ð § .˙‡NÏ
Èz˙ ¥ ¨ ÔÂr Ÿ ¨ ÈzÁI ¦ § © Òî̈ ‡¨ ÈrÈÓL‰ ¦ ¥ ¦ § © .˙ȇÏp‰ ¥ § ¦ © ˙IÁ © £©
„ÒÁ¤ ¤ e¯hrz ¥ § © § ˙ÁMÓ © © ¦ ÏB‡b§ ÌÈiÁ ¦ © :ÌÈiÁ‰-˙‡
¦ © © ¤ ÌBi‰© EÈÙÏ ¤¨§
˜BÁ¯k§ ¦ eÈrLt ¥ ¨ § ˜ÈÁ¯ ¦ § zò© .Á¯Ùe © ¨ ıÈˆÈ Ÿ £ © L¯L
¦ ¨ ·˜rÈ ¥ § Èñ© ˙Ӈ ¤ ¡ ¤ .Á¯Ê‡ ¨§ ¤
¯Bab¦ χö¥ ercÈ ¥ § © E¯·c § ¨ § ÌÈiÁ ¦ © :ÌÈiÁ ¦ © Á¯‡ ©Ÿ erÈ„B¥ ¦ zô .Á¯ÊnÓ ¨ § ¦ ¦ ·¯rÓ ¨£ ©
Ïr© ·BË ¯a‚‰ ¥ § © .ıre‰Ï ¥ ¨ ¦ § ‰·BËa ¨ § e˙B‡ ¨ E˙¯B˙a
¤ ¨ § ˜·c‰Ï ¥ ¨ ¦ § .ırBÈ ¥ §
¦ ¦ £ © © ‡È‰¦ ÌÈi¦ Áù© :ÌÈiÁ
ÌȘÈÊÁnÏ ¦ © ır¥ C¯c ¤ ¤ ˙‡¥ ¯BÓL § Ϧø .ır¯‰Ï¥ § © § ÈBÙ¦ ˆ÷§
.Áe¯Ê
© ¨ re¯Ê © ¨ ¯B‡a ú § ÌȯM‡Ó ¦ ¨ ª § ‰ÈÎÓBz ¨ ¤ § .Áe¯Óe
© ¥ ˙e‡Ù¯Â § ¦ § da¨
ÌÈiÁ ¦ © :ÌÈiÁ¦ © Áe¯ © Ba-¯L‡ ¤ £ ¯Na-I ¨ ¨ ká̈ .Áe¯Ò © ¨ ‰È‰ ¤ § Èঠda¨ ˜·c‰-ÏΠ¥ ¨© ¨§
Ca¨ ‰ÁÓN ¨ § § ¦ § ‰ÏÈ‚ ¨ ¦  â̈ § .„B·rÏ £ © E˙B‡ § ‰‡¯Èa
¨ § ¦ § eÎÓÒz ¥ § § ¦ ÌBÏLÂ ¨ §
¨Ÿ § ˙‡¯
‰Â‰È © § Èå¦ .„BaÊÏ § ¦ e˙B‡ ¨ ‰¯NrÂ
¨ ¨ £ © ˙B‡Ó¥ LÏ Ÿ L ä§ .„B·‡a £ © ÌÈrL ¦ ¨ ¯ã§
‰ÒÁ¤ £ Óè© .‰ˆr‰ ¨ ¥ ¨ ÏB„bç§ ·BË „·Ê ¤ ¤ È„·¦ © ¨ Êæ§ ÌÈiÁ¦ © :ÌÈiÁ ¦ © § „B·Î ¨ § ¯LÚ¤Ÿ
ÂÏ
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚È Ì˘ ÌÈω˙ („ :·Î ‚Ï ‰ÈÚ˘È (‚ :ÊË ‚ ˙ω˜ (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊϘ ËȘ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
,ÊË ˙Âί· (Ë :‰Ú˜ Ì˘ ÌÈω˙ (Á :ÊÎ ‡ ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ê : ‡ ‰ÎÈÓ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ËÓ˜ Ì˘ (‰
Ìȯ·„ ( :Î „È ¯·„Ó· (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë ‚˜ Ì˘ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Â Ï Ì˘ (Î :È ÂÏ ÌÈω˙ (È :·
‰ Ë ‰ÈÚ˘È (ˆ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡È ÊË Ì˘ (Ù :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·È ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (Ú : ÊÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ò :ÂË Ï
:‡È ʈ ÌÈω˙ (˙ :ÁÈ ‚ ÈÏ˘Ó (˘ :„Î ‚ ˙È˘‡¯· (¯ :‡ ,· ‰ÎÂÒ ‰‡¯ (˜ :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
‰‡¯ (‰ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) È ‡È ÈÏ˘Ó („ :„ ‡ ÌÈ¯È˘‰ ¯È˘ (‚ :ÊÈ Â ˙È˘‡¯· (· :‚È ÂÎ ˙ÂÓ˘ (‡
· ÂÓ ÌÈω˙ (Ë :ËÈ ·Ï ‰ÈÓ¯È (Á :Î Ï ˙È˘‡¯· (Ê :„ ·Î ÈÏ˘Ó ( :‡ ,˜ Ôȯ„‰Ò
:(ÈÂÈ˘·)
‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 148
Èkᦠ.‰ˆÈÙa ¨ ¦ § ¯Ó‡ © ¨ ‰·eL‡Â ¨ ¨ § Èχ © ¥ ‰·e ¨ L à .‡ˆÓ ¨ § ¦ ˙B¯ˆ· ¨ § ‰¯Êr ¨ § ¤ eϨ
Ÿ ¨ .˙BÁe¯‰¨ ȉχ
ÔÂr ¥ Ÿ ¡ χ¥â ÈpÁ ¦ ¥ ¨ ÌpÁ ¨ ¦ ÌÈiÁ ¦ © :ÌÈiÁ ¦ © ‡ˆÓ ¨ ¨ ȇˆBÓ ¦ §
¯eqÈa ¦ § ˙L·-eLaIÈ ¤Ÿ § § ¦ EȇB ¤ § NÂ ä § .˙BÁl‰-Ïr ª © © ˙e¯Áã̈ ÏBÁÓz § ¦
ÏBÓb§ ÌÈ·BË ¦ ÌÈiÁ ¦ © :ÌÈiÁ ¦ © ˙BÁ¯‡ § ¨ e‚ÈOÈ ¦ © ‡G§ Ôe·eLȧ ‡ŸÏå .˙BÁÎBz ¨
‡ŸÏæ .ÏB‡L § ¦ χL © § ¦ Ìk ¨ § ˙ÁL © © ˙B‡¯Ó § ¥ .IB‡‚Ï § ¦ ÌLÙ ¨ § © EÈ„·rÏ ¤ ¨ £©
:ÌÈiÁ ¦ © ÏB‡L § e„¯È§ ¥ BÓÈIr ¥ ¨ | ˙ÂÓ ¤ ¨ ‡ÈM¦ Èç© .ÏBÚ e˜¯tL § ¨ ¤ ÌÈrL¯‰ ¦ ¨ § ¨ ÔÎ¥
EÁ·L£ § ¦ rÈ„BÈ © ¦ ÌÈaÏ ¦ ¨ © ·‡è̈ .ı¯˜ ¤ ¤ Ȉe¯˜ ¥ § ‡Ï Ÿ § eBÓk¨ Ee„BÈ ÌÈi¦ Áè©
¨Ÿ §
‰Â‰È-·eËa § ˙B‡¯§ Ϧë .ı¯r‰I ¥ £ © § EÁ·L £ § ¦ dȨ C¯· ¥ ¨ § | eÁ‡ § © £ ©é .ı¯Óa ¤¤ §
Ì˙‡hÁÓ
¨ ¨ © ¥ .ÌwÁ ¨ ª Û¯Ë ¤ ¤ rÈÓLz© ¦ § © ÌBi‰© ÌÎlk ¤ § ª ÌÈi¦ Áì© :ÌÈiÁ‰ ¦ © © ı¯‡a ¤¤ §
.̘tÒ ¨ § ¦ ‡lÓ ¥ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § E„ȧ ¨ ÌÈ˙Ó ¦ § Óî¦ .̘ȯ ¨ ¥ Ì·ÈLz ¥ ¦ § χ © § ̯‰Ë ¥£ ©
¯eÒ ÔrÓÏ © © § ÏÈkNÓÏ ¦ § © § ‰IrÓI ¨ § © § ÌÈi¦ Á©ð :ÌÈiÁa ¦ © © ̘ÏÁ ¨ § ¤ „ÏÁÓ ¤ ¤ ¥ ÌÈ˙Ó ¦ § Óî¦
ÌÈÓÈI ¦ ¨ § ÁˆÏ © ¤ ¨ „BÚ-ÈÁÈ ¦ Âò¦ .C¯tÓ ¤ ¤ ¦ ÈLÙ-‰cÙÈ
¦ § © ¤ § ¦ Ìȉχ-C ¦ Ÿ ¡ ‡ñ© .C¯ÁÓ ¤¤ ¥
eÁnÈ ¨ ¦ ¯ÙqÓ ¤ ¥ ¦ ÌÈi¦ Áö© :ÌÈiÁ ¦ © C¯„ ¤ ¤ § ¯B‡ ‰¯B˙ ¨ § ‰ÂˆÓ ¨ § ¦ ¯¥ Èkô¦ .C¯‡ ¤Ÿ
Ïa© .ÌȉÈI‡Óe ¦ ¦ £ © ÌÈ„B˜Â ¦ § ÌÈ„‚BÒ ¦ § ır¥ Ïe·I ÷ § .ÌȉB·b‰ ¦ § © ·‡BÓe ¨ I·‚ ¨§
Ìȉχ ¦ Ÿ ¡ ˙BίrÓ § © © Û¯Á ¥ ¥ Èkù¦ .ÌȉelLa ¦ ¦ § ÔBcȦ ‰k„n‰ ¤ § © © ÚL¯ ¨ ¨ ÔÁ© ªÈø
BÏÈÁ‰Ï ¦ § © § ÂÈ·ÈB‡ ¨§ ¯r© L©ú .E„ÈÁÈ ¤ ¦ § E·Ï § ¦ § B· zraL ¨ § © § ¦ ÌÈiÁ ¦ © :ÌÈiÁ ¦©
:ÌÈiÁÓ ¦ © ¥ EcÒÁ § § © ·BË-Èkঠ.E„B‡ ¤ Ôk¥ Ir© ·eL˙ ¨ § zÙ‡¨ § © ¨ .E„Èa ¤ ¨ § ‰zz ¨ ©
ÔÁ¥ ÔÁ㥠eÈÓÈ ¥ ¨ Lc¥ Á©â .˙B‡¯B ¨ EÈt-˙‡ ¤ ¨ ¤ ˙BÁÓN ¨ § Ú·© ŸN ÌÈi¦ Áá©
˙B‡ˆBz § epnÓ-Ȥ ¦ kæ¦ .˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § Ìȉχ ¦ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èå§ eÓÁ¯È ¥ £ © § ·eLÈä̈ .˙B‡eLz§
CÈÏL˙ ¦ § © Âä§ .˙BBÚnÓ § ¦ Enr § © ¯O·È © ª § ,‰Ó„‡‰ ¨ ¨ £ ¨ Ir© ÌÈi¦ Áç© :ÌÈiÁ ¦©
e‡ÈˆÓ‰Â
¥ ¦ § © § eÏ-‡¯a ¨ ¨ § ¯B‰Ë¨ ·Ï¥è .˙BÂr Ÿ £ © ‡ËÁ § ¥ ÌȨ ˙BÏeˆÓa § ¦
ÌÈrL¯ ¦ ¨ § ÈÙe ¦ ,˜Ècˆ ¦ © Èt¦ ÌÈi¦ Áë© :ÌÈiÁ ¦ © ˙BLe § ÌÈÓÈ ¦ ¨ C¯¤Ÿ‡é .˙BÈÁ ¦£
ÔBʯ¨ § Ú·BN © .‰˙r·e¨ ¨ § ˙eˆlÙe ¨ © ÌBÏL ¨ § ˙BÓÁÏÓ ¨ § ¦ Cˆa˜a ¨ § © § .‰zÁÓ ¨ ¦ §
ÌÈi¦ Áî© :ÌÈiÁa ¦ © © z¯Á·e ¨ § © ¨ ‰ÏIw‰Â ¨ ¨ § © § ‰Î¯a ¨ ¨ § ‰ì© .‰˙Ân‰Â ¨ § ¨ © § ÌÈiÁ‰ ¦ © © IÈÁ ¦§
ÈÏa
¦ § ˙¯ˆB˜Â ¤ ¤ § „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ˙r¯Bf‰ © © © .‰ˆ¯˙k ¨ § ¦ § ‰Ù¨ ÈÏ ð̈ § ÏÈc‚z ¦ § © „B·Î ¨ § ‰˜„ˆ ¨ ¨§
‰ˆÓ˘
Á ·Âȇ (‰ :ÊË ·Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ („ :·Î ÊË ¯·„Ó· (‚ :‰Ï Á ÈÏ˘Ó (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ê ‚ È·ÏÓ (‡ ‡"Â˙
ÌÈω˙ (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ËÈ ÁÏ ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ë :ÊË ‰ Ì˘ (Á :„ ‡ ÌÈω˙ (Ê :ËÈ · ÈÏ˘Ó ( :·Î
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) „Î ÂË ÈÏ˘Ó ( :„È ÊÈ ÌÈω˙ (Ó :„ „ Ìȯ·„ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚È ÊÎ Ì˘ (Î :ÁÈ Â˘
‰ÈÚ˘È (˜ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ËÎ ËÒ ÌÈω˙ (ˆ :‚Î Â ÈÏ˘Ó (Ù :È Ì˘ (Ú :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊË ËÓ ÌÈω˙ (Ò
ÊË Ì˘ (· :„ ‚Ò ÌÈω˙ (‡ :ÊÈ ·Î ˙È˘‡¯· (˙ :ÂÎ ÊÈ ‡-χÂÓ˘ (˘ :È ÂÎ Ì˘ (¯ :ËÈ „Ó
:‰ Ù ÌÈω˙ ( :ËÈ Ê ‰ÎÈÓ (‰ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ê „ ‰È¯ÎÊ („ :‡Î ‰ ‰Îȇ (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡È
:‡È È Ì˘ (Î :· ‚ ÈÏ˘Ó (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·È ‡ ÌÈω˙ (Ë :È „ Ìȯ·„ (Á :‚Î „ ÈÏ˘Ó (Ê
:„  ÌÈ¯È˘‰ ¯È˘ ‰‡¯ ( :‡Î ‡Î ÈÏ˘Ó (Ó :ËÈ Ï Ìȯ·„ (Ï
‰Ú ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 149
„ÒÁÂ
¤ ¤ ¨ ‰˜„ˆ ¨ ¨ § Û„B ¥ ¯á .‰ˆ¯t ¨ § ¦ ¯B„‚e § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ˜Ècˆ ¦ © ÔBÎ ¥ zৠ.‰ˆÓL ¨ § ¦
.˙BˆrBÓa ¥ § ˙r„ © © Â⧠‰ÓÎÁ ¨ § ¨ § eÏÈÁz ¥ ¦ § © ÌÈÓi˜ ¦ ¨ © ÌÈiÁ ¦ © :ÌÈiÁ ¦ © ‡ˆÓÈ ¨ §¦
Laω¥ § © § ÔÂrŸ ¨ ÈÏrÓ
© ¨ ¥ ¯·r‰ ¥ £ © Âä§ .˙BˆÁª ¯ÈrÓ ¦ ¥ rÈÓLz © ¦ § © ‰ÁÓN ¨ § ¦ § ÔBNNã̈
Ìr© ‰‡¯ ¥ § ÌÈiÁ ¦ © :ÌÈiÁ‰ ¦ © © ˙Bˆ¯‡a § © § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ Cl‰˙ ¥ © § ‡¤å .˙BˆÏÁÓ ¨£©
.·B˙È„¦ „r© ˙n‰ ¥ © ˙BÓa§ ıtÁ˙ Ÿ § © ‡ŸÏæ .·B˙ÓI § ¦ Ì„˜k ¤ ¤ § E˙l‚Ò § ¨ª§
·e˙k‰-Ïk ¨ © ¨ BÏ ¯Ó‡È ¥ ¨ ¥ LB„˜è̈ .·Bh‰© ·eLÁ¨ EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ‰k„ ¤ § ¦ § ¯aL ¨ § ç¦
B„B·k§ ÏB„bì̈ .ÌÈÓBiÓ ¦ © ¦ e‰ÈiÁ ë¥ © BÏ ‰z˙ ¨ © ¨ EnÓ § ¦ χL © ¨ ÌÈi¦ Á©é :ÌÈiÁÏ ¦©§
.ÌÈÓM‰-ÔÓ
¦ © ¨ © ¦ EL„˜ § § ¨ ÔBÚnÓ § ¦ ‰ÙȘL ¨ ¦ § ‰î© .ÌÈÓrt ¦ © £ © ˙ÙÈk © ¦ E˙reLÈa
¤¨ ¦
-χ¤ ÁBÏÒ © § ‰‡· ¨ ¨ ‰Â‡z ¨ £ © ÌÈi¦ Áñ© :ÌÈiÁ-ÌÈÓ ¦ © ¦ © e‡ˆÈ § ¥ ‡e‰‰© ÌBia©ð
¦ ¨ Óô̈ ¯Ó‡Ï
È˙‡ˆ Ÿ ¥ .ÌÎa¯˜a ¤ § § ¦ § Ôz‡ ¥ ¤ ÈÁe¯-˙‡
¦ ¤ Âò§ rÈÓLz
© ¦ § © .ÌÎ˙‡hÁ ¤ § ©©
ÌÈiÁ ¦ © :ÌÈiÁ ¤ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰Èa
¦ © ÌÎȉχ ¨Ÿ © ÌȘ·c‰ ¦ ¥ § © Ìz‡ ¤ © Â÷§ .ÌÎ˙‡ ¤ § ¤ È˙Ȉ ¦ ¦ ¯ö¨ ¯ÙÎ ¤Ÿ
.‰ÎωÎÂ
¨ ¨ £ © § ˙„k © § Ea§ ˜·c‰Ï ¥ ¨ ¦ § .‰ÎeLn‰ ¨ § © E˙BÈ § ¨ ‰ÎÓÒ ¨ § ¨ χ‰ ¥ ¨ EnÓ § ¦
¨Ÿ § ‰eˆ
‰Â‰È ¨ ¦ | ÌL ¨ Èkø¦ .‰ÎeÏn‰ ¨ § © ·ÈL˙ ¦ ¨ § ÔBiˆ¦ ¯‰Ï © § e‡È·z¥ ¦ §
‰z¨ rù© .eÈe˜ ¦ ¦ B˙reLÈÏÂ ¨ ¦ § ÏÈÁB ¦ epnÓ
¤ ¦ ÌÈiÁ ¦ © :ÌÈiÁ ¦ © ‰Î¯a‰-˙‡
¨ ¨§ © ¤
.eÓȘÈ
¥ ¦ § ÈLÈÏM‰¦ ¦ § © ÌBia© ÌÈÓBiÓ ¦ © ¦ eÈiÁ ¥ © Èë§ .eȯÙe ¦ ¨ eϨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ·ÈÁ¯È ¦ §©
:ÌÈiÁ ¦ © elk ¨ ª ÌBi‰© ‰Ù Ÿ ‰l‡ ¤ ¥ eÁ § © ‡£ú
ÏÁBÓ
¥ ,˙e„ÈÒÁa ¦ £ © ‚‰˙Óe¥ © § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © ‡qk ¥ ¦ Ïr© ·LB ¤ ¤ l`¥
¥ Èà CÏÓ
‰IÈÁÓ
¨ ¦ § ‰a¯Ó ¤ § © ,ÔBL‡¯¦ ÔBL‡¯¦ ¯È·r ¦ £ Ó©á ,Bnr© ˙BÂrŸ£
¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ Ìr¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ‰N ¤ ŸÚâ ,ÌÈrLBtI
¦ § © ‰ÁÈÏÒe ¨ ¦ § ÌȇËÁÏ
¦ ¨£©
LGL§ ¯ÓBÏ © el¨ ˙ȯB¨ ¥ ‰ã I‡¥ .ÏBÓ‚z § ¦ Ì˙r¯Î ¨ ¨ ¨ § ‡ÏŸ ,Áe¯Â
© §
ÂrI
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © § ,‰¯Nr ¥ § ¤ LŸÏL§ ˙ȯa ¦ § ÌBi‰© eI-¯ÎÊ ¨ ¨ § ,‰¯Nr¥§ ¤
ÌL¨ Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙i ¥ © § ¦ © Ôra¨ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § „¯i ¤ ¥Âä© ·e˙kL ¨ ¤ BÓk§ ,Ì„wÓ¤¤ ¦
¨Ÿ § ÌL
:‰Â‰È ¥ ·1§ ‡¯˜i ¨ § ¦©
¯·ÚÈÂ
‰È¯ÎÊ (‰ :È ‡ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Î ·Î Ì˘ (‚ :‡Î ‡Î ÈÏ˘Ó (· :È Ê ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (‡ ‡"Â˙
‚ „ ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ë :ËÈ ‡ ÌÈω˙ (Á :·Ï ÁÈ Ï‡˜ÊÁÈ Ù"Ú (Ê :Ë Ê˘ ÌÈω˙ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) „ ‚
:ÂË ÂÎ Ìȯ·„ (Ó :Â Ì˘ ÌÈω˙ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·  ڢ‰ (Î :‰ ‡Î ÌÈω˙ (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
:ÊÎ ‚Ó Ï‡˜ÊÁÈ (ˆ :„Î ‚Ï ·Âȇ (Ù :ÊÎ ÂÏ Ï‡˜ÊÁÈ (Ú :·È ‚È ÈÏ˘Ó (Ò :Á „È ‰È¯ÎÊ (
‡¯˜È (‡ :‚ ‰ Ìȯ·„ (˙ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·Î ÂÎ ˙È˘‡¯· (˘ :‚ ‚Ϙ ÌÈω˙ (¯ :„ „ Ìȯ·„ (˜
:· ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ‰‡¯ („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·)  ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :‡ ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ (· : ,ËÎ ‰·¯
:‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‰
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 150
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰

‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Âà©
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âá§
¨ © k⦠:erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù1̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á1̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨Ÿ £
¨ © § ·BË È„‡
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ Ï©ä :eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mã§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èå§ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί·
¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr§ © ©
¨Ÿ Èç§ :Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡
¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨Ÿ Èæ§ :‰IÒ
¨ § ‰Â‰ Ÿ £ © ȉχ
¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ ¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰
¨ ¦
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
ÌBÏL¨ È˙„e˜t ¦ ¨ § ÌO ¨ ‰©é .Èq
© ¦ ÌÈ¯Ó ¦ ¥ ÌÈnr‰-Ï ¦ © ¨ ‡è¤ ‰È‰È ¤ § ¦ „Á‡ ¨ ¤ Kln ¤ ¤
.ÈNBÚ
¨ © ¡ ‰i¥‡ì© ¯ÓB‡Â
dBχ © § ÚcÂ˙‡ ¨ © § ¤ ÂÈϨ ‡ë¥ .ÈN‚B© § ‰˜„ˆÏ ¨ ¨§¦ §
.χ¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ Bnr© „ÈÓrÈ ¦ £ © ËtLna¨ § ¦ © CϤ Ó¤ð :CÏÓÏ ¤ ¤ § ÈNrÓ© £ © È‡ ¦ ¨ ¯ÓB ¥ ‡î
˙Bȉ¡ Ôk¥ Ìeˆ‡¨ ȯre © ¨ § È¦ ‡£ò .χ‰ ¥ ¨ Èt-˙‡
¥ § ¤ ÁB¯·Ï © § ¦ ÈzÓc˜ ¦ § © ¦ Ôk-Ï ¥ rñ©
Ïr© ÏB„b¨ CϤ Óö¤ :CÏn‰-χ ¤ ¤ © ¤ ‡B·‡¨ Ôη ¥ § eô .χBL¥ ÌÈeÁz
¦ £ ©
.‰BÁ
¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § C‡IÓ
© § © Âȇ¯ÈϨ ¥ ¦ ·È·¦ Òø̈ .‰B˜ ¤ ı¯‡Â ¤ ¨ ¨ ÌÈÓ¦ ©L ¦Ÿ ¡ ¨
¨÷ Ìȉχ-Ik
ÌÈ˙¯LÓ‰
¦ § ¨ § © ÌÈÒȯq¦ ¦ ¨ ‰à© .‰Ò ¤ § ÈÎB ¦§ L ú Èt ¥ § ‡¨ eJÁù© ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © È·ÏÓ¥£§ ©
.˜f¥Á©â I§ z¯ac
¨ § © ¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ÏkÓ Ÿ ¦ Ïtz-χ ¥ © © ¯·¨ cᨠCÏÓ ¤ ¤ :CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © Èt-˙‡ ¥§ ¤
¯B‚h˜ ¥ © ҉ © § ¯B‚pÒ
¥ © ın‡ ¥ © .˜frÏe ¥ © § ÏwÒ ¥ © ϧã EÓ¯ÎÂ
§ § © § ˙Èa‰ ¦ © © ˜„a-˙‡ ¤¤ ¤
EÈÈra
¤ ¥ § ·Bh‰© CÏÓ ¤ ¤ :CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © ˜Êa ¤ ¥ § ‰ÂL ¤Ÿ ¯v‰ ¨ © Ôȇ¥ Èkä¦ .˜fÈ Ÿ §
¥ © § ‡ÏÂ
¤ ¤ ‰©å ÂÈÏr
¯·M ¨ ¨ ‡È·‰Ï ¦ ¨ § ¯r‚z © § ¦ ÔÈËÒÓa ¦ § © § .˙‡NÏ ¥ ¨ ˙BÂr Ÿ £ ‰‡¯ ¥ §
˙‡˘‰Â
:Á ÂÓ Ì˘ ( :Ë ‚ Ì˘ (‰ :‚È ‚˜ Ì˘ („ :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :Ë Ì˘ (· :Ê- „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‡ ‡"Â˙
·È ¯·„Ó· (Î :ÊÈ Ò Ì˘ Ù"Ú (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·Î ËÓ ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ë :È Î Ì˘ (Á :‚È „Ù Ì˘ (Ê
ÊË „ ¯˙Ò‡ (Ú :· „ ‰ÂÈ (Ò :(ÈÂÈ˘·) „ ËÎ ÈÏ˘Ó ( :· ‰Ó ÌÈω˙ (Ó :È ‰Ï ·Âȇ (Ï :Â
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) Á „Ï ÌÈω˙ (¯ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ËÈ „È ˙È˘‡¯· (˜ :‚ ‰ˆ ÌÈω˙ (ˆ :Ì˘ (Ù :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
‰ ·Î ·-ÌÈÎÏÓ (‚ :È Â Ì˘ (· :È ‡ ¯˙Ò‡ (‡ :ÊË ‚Ï Ìȯ·„ (˙ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë ‡ È·ÏÓ (˘
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÓ ‚ ‰Îȇ ( :„ Ê ¯˙Ò‡ (‰ :· ‰ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (1 ˙‚‰‰
ÂÚ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 151
‰r¯‰¨ ¨ ¨ ÂÈχ ¨ ¥ ‰˙ÏÎ-È ¨ § ¨ kঠ.˙‡Ne ¥ § „Át © © ·B¯Ó¥ ¯eÙÁ¨ ‡ˆÈ ¥ ¥ § .˙‡M‰Â ¥ ©§
ÌÈnr ¦ © ÔÈ„Ï ¦ ¨ .ÌL¯‰Ï ¥ ¨ ¥ § ÌBÈ ˜BÁk§ rÈbÓ © ¦ © B˙„ ¨ § CÏn ¤ ¤ ‰á© :CIn‰ ¤ ¤ © ˙‡Ó ¥ ¥
¯ˆBÚ‰
¥ ¨ CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © ȯÙB ¥ § Òâ e‡¯˜È § § ¦ ‰zr ¨ © § .ÌL‡Â ¥ ¨ § ‡ËBÁ ¥ § ˜Ècˆ ¦©
CÏÓ¤ ¤ :CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © ÌLa ¥ § ÌÎÈÈra ¤ ¥ ¥ § ·Bhk© ÌÈ„e‰i‰-Ïr ¦ § © © e·˙§ k㦠.ÌLBb‰Â ¥ ©§
BtÒÎ § © ÈIÈχ
¥ ¦ ¡ Lȇ¦ ÔeÒ‡ÓÈ £ § ¦ Âä§ .B·§ È„·BÚ ¥ § eL·È Ÿ ¥ § ¯ÈtÁz ¦ § © ‰nÁ ¨ © ¯‰BÊ ©
ÈÁ˙t
¥ § ¦ e‡Np‰ § ¨ ¦ Âæ§ .B·eLa§ e‡¯È§ ¦ ÔÈra ¦ © § ÔÈr ¦ © Èkå¦ .B·‰Ê ¨ § ÈÏÈχ¥ ¦ ¡ Lȇ ¦§
·Li¤ ¨ © .¯ra © © Ì‚Â © § ÚL¯ ¨ ¨ ‰¯ÊÓ ¤ ¨ § ÌÎÁ ¨ ¨ CÏn ¤ ¤ ‰ç© :CÏÓ ¤ ¤ ‡B·È¨ § ÌÏBÚ ¨
.¯rÙÈ © § ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ e‰ÈÙe ¦ ÔB„Ó¨ ‡ˆÈ ¥ ¥ § ıÏ¥ L¯¥ bè̈ .¯r‚È © § ¦ ̉·e ¤ ¨ ÔÙB‡ ¨ ̉ÈÏr
¤ ¥£
˙eÎIÓ-¯·„§ © © § ‡ˆÈ ¥ ¥ ·BË CÏn ¤ ¤ ‰ë© :CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © ¯rL-I‡ © © ¤ ‡B·Ï¨ Ôȇ¥ Èké¦
ÌBÈa§ .„qa ¨ © Ì˙B‡ ¨ ÌÈN‡ ¦ ¨ ‡G§ ¯BÓL‡ § ¤ È· © ¨ ÈÏ‚¯ ¥ § © .„qÈÓ ¨ ª § ÂÈÙlÓ ¨¨§ ¦
·LBÈ¥ CϤ Óî¤ :CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © „qÈ © ¦ | ÔÎ-È ¥ kì¦ .„ÒÙÈ ¨ § ¦ ÈÓe ¦ ÁÏˆÈ © § ¦ ÈÓ¦ ÔÈ„Ï ¦ ¨ ÔÎen‰
¨ ©
·L¨ ÈÓe¦ ·Ï-IÎa ¥ ¨ § ·L ¨ ÈÓ¦ ‰‡B¯Â ¤ § .·ÏLÓ ¥ § © ÏB„‚ ¨ § Ô˘Ÿ ¨ ÔÈ„-‡qk-Ïr
¦ ¥ ¦ ©
·BËk§ ÈrÈ·M‰ ¦ ¦ § © ÌBia©ð .·ÏBÚ‰ ¥ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ·Irp‰ ¨ ¡ ¤ © ˙Ó˜ © § ¦ ÌB˜§ .·ÏÎk ¤¤§
È˙¯ˆ
¦ ¨ ¨ ÌBÈa§ È˙B‡ ¦ .‰BÚ‰¤ ¨ I‡¥ ‰ñ̈ ı¯‡‰-Ïk ¤ ¨ ¨ ¨ CIn‰ ¤ ¤ © :CIn‰-·I ¤ ¤ © ¥
¦ ¨ ¨ ‡ô¦ .Èp¯
È˙‡ˆÓ-Ì ¥ ¢ Ëlt ¦ ¥ § § ‰Ï¨ Ò¤ò „rÂ
¥ © È··BÒÈ ¤ ¨ .‰ÁÓ-IÎa
¤ £ © ¨ § È„nr ¦ ¨ ¦ ȉÈ ¦ §©
.χB‰ ¥ EÈ„·rϤ ¨ £ © ¯˙BÈ ¥ ¯˜È ¨ § ˙BNrÏ £ © CIn ¤ ¤ ‰ö© :CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © ÈÈra ¥ ¥ § ÔÁ¥
‡B·a§ ˙B‡¯§Ï¦ù .χBÓÏ ¥ § | ÌÈÎÏn ¦ ¨ § Ï©ø EÈÈra ¤ ¥ § ÌLÙ ¨ § © ‡-¯˜È ¨ © z÷¦
CÏn¤ ¤ ‰à© :CÏn‰-χ ¤ ¤ © ¤ ‡B·È-¯L‡ ¨ ¤ £ ‰M‡Â ¨ ¦ § Lȇ-Ï ¦ kú̈ .χ¯NÈ-ÏÎ ¥ ¨§ ¦ ¨
̉a © ¥ © ká̈ Ìȯ˙en‰
¤ ¨ r‚Bp‰-Ï ¦ § © .˙ÂËe © § ˙Èr˙a ¦ £ © § ÂÈÙ ¨ ¨ eLw·È § © § ÂÈ˙¯LÓ ¨ §¨ §
‰z‡ ¨ © rec © Óã© .˙Âr-Ô © £ © a¤â BÏ ¯BÓ‡¡ ÌprÓ ¨ © § ÂNr ¨ ¥ ‰p‰Â ¥ ¦ § .˙·a © ¨ r© ‚Bk¥ §
.¯ÓLÓa¨ § ¦ § zÙÒ‡ ¨ § © ¨ È˙Ó © ¨ „r© ‡¯B ¨ CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © :CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © ˙ÂˆÓ © § ¦ ˙‡¥ ¯·BÚ ¥
¯wrz¥ © § ˜ÏÓr ¥ ¨ £ © ·L‰ ¥ ¨ Ì˙eÎÏÓ ¨ § © .¯Ó˙ ¨ ¨ ÈÓB‡z ¥ § ı¯Ù ¤ ¤ ¨ Á¯© Êä¤ Èa ¥§
ÂȯN ¨ ¨ CIn‰ ¤ ¤ © :CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © ¯Ó‡Ó-˙‡ © £ © ¤ ‰˙Nr-‡Ï ¨ § ¨ Ÿ ¯L‡ ¤ £ | Ir©å .¯Ó‡k © ¡¤ §
‰r¯ ¥ § .ÈÎBL ¦§ „„·Ï ¨ ¨ § „rÏ‚Â ¨ § ¦ § ÔL· ¨ ¨ eÚ¯§ Èæ¦ .ÈBÓ¯‡a ¦ § © § e‰eÙÈwÈ ¦ © ÂÈ„·r¨ ¨ £©
ÈÈr
¥ ¥ CÏn ¤ ¤ ‰è© :CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © È„‡ ¦ Ÿ £ ‰z¨ ‡ç© .È‡ÈˆBz ¦¥ ¦ ‰È¯Ï
¨ ¨ § ¨ Ez·La § § ¦ § Enr § ©
ÏÎ
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ê ‡Ï ‰ÈÚ˘È (‰ :Á Á Ì˘ („ :·È ‚ Ì˘ (‚ :‚ „ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (· :Ê Ê ¯˙Ò‡ (‡ ‡"Â˙
„ ¯˙Ò‡ (È :È ·Î Ì˘ (Ë :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂÎ Î ÈÏ˘Ó (Á :Ê „Î ÌÈω˙ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Á · Ì˘ (Â
:‚ ‰Ï ˙È˘‡¯· Ù"Ú (Ò :È Ì˘ ¯˙Ò‡ ( :Á Î ÈÏ˘Ó (Ó :Á Ì˘ (Ï :ËÈ ‡ Ì˘ (Î :·
‡Ï ÈÏ˘Ó (¯ :‚È ‡ ·-ÌÈÎÏÓ Ù"Ú (˜ :Â Â Ì˘ (ˆ :Á ‰ ¯˙Ò‡ (Ù :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ê ·Ï ÌÈω˙ (Ú
:·È · ‰È¯ÎÊ Ù"Ú (· :· · Ì˘ (‡ :‡È „ ¯˙Ò‡ (˙ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡È ‡Ï Ìȯ·„ (˘ :„
Ê ‰ÎÈÓ (Ê :ÂË ‡ ¯˙Ò‡ ( :Ï-ËÎ ÁÏ ˙È˘‡¯· ‰‡¯ (‰ :‚ ‚ ¯˙Ò‡ („ :Ï Î ‡-χÂÓ˘ (‚
:Î Ì˘ (Ë :‚È ‡ ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ (Á :„È
‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 152
ÌÏLe¯È
¦© ¨ § ȯrLa ¥ £ © § ·MÈ ¥ ©Ï§à „BÚ .ÈBÓ‰ © £ ıa˜Ï ¥ © § EÈÏr ¤ ¨ χ¯NÈ-ÏÎ ¥ ¨§ ¦ ¨
¨Ÿ § ‰È‰
‰Â‰È ¨ ¨ Â᧠.È‚Òe© ¨ § È‰k © £ Ÿ „ÁÈ © © Ee„·rÈ § © © ʇ ¨ § .È˜Êe © ¥ § È˙B˜Ê © ¥§
Ìr‰-ÏÎÂ
¨ ¨ ¨ § .Ôe¯aNÈ ¥ © § ÈÈr © ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ˙Èa¥ ¯‡t ¥ § CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © :CÏÓÏ ¤ ¤§
.Ôe¯¯BLÈ¥ § Ïk‰Â Ÿ © § eÈt¦ ˜BÁN § ‡InÈ ¥ ¨ ¦ ʇâ̈ .Ôe¯Èc‡È ¦ § © EÓLÏ § ¦ § „ÁÈ ©©
eI„b§ ¨ .I‡‰ ¥ ¨ È˙Ó-„r © ¨ © eÏÈ‚È ¦ ¨ ȯ© ˆä̈ CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © :CÏÓ ¤ ¤ Ôe¯LÈ· ª ¦ È‰È ¦ § Âã©
.χI ¥ ¨ eÈ„È ¥ ¨ ÌȯÓB‡ ¦§ ‰n‰ ¨ ¥ ‰p‰Â ¥ ¦ § .I‡È¯‡ ¥ ¦ £ e·È¯Á‰Â ¦ ¡ ¤ § eÁÈψ‰Â ¦ § ¦§
˙BlÎÏ © § B˙ÓÁa ¨ £ © ̘¨ CÏn ¤ ¤ ‰©æ :CÏn‰-χ ¤ ¤ © ¤ ‡B·Ï¨ È˙‡¯˜ ¦ ¥ § ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ È‡ ¦ £ ©å
-Ïr© ÁȯˆÈ-Û‡
© ¦ § © © rȯ © ¦ Èè̈ .¯aÎr‰Â
¨ § © ¨ § ı˜M‰ ¤ ¤ © ¯Na © § ÈÏÎB ¥ § ‡ç .¯a„Ók ¨ ª§ ¦
·Ï¥ epnÓ ¤ ¦ ¯Ò¥ ‰ë̈ ·¯© CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © :CIn‰ ¤ ¤ © ¯·c © § ÔÎ-È ¥ ké¦ .¯ab˙È ¨ © § ¦ Âȷȇ ¨ §Ÿ
Ì„B‡¤ BÓk§ Ea§ e˜a„ ¥ § © § .Ôaω ¥ § © eȇËÁ ¥ ¨ £ ¯ÓvΠ¤ ¤ © § ‚ÏMk ¤ ¤ © .Ô·‡‰̈ ¤¤
ËÙBL¥ ¤ ¤ ‰î© :CÏÓ-Ô·I
CÏn ¤ ¤ ¤ § E˙˜„ˆÂ § ¨ § ¦ § Ôz¥ CÏÓÏ ¤ ¤ § EÈËtL ¤ ¨ § Óì¦ .Ô·BII ¤ §
.‰f‰ ¤ © ÌBi‰k © § eÁe¯ ¥ ÔB‡b§ e¯·L § © ¨ Èk¦ .‰ÊÁ˙ ¤ ¡ ¤ ‰z¨ ‡©ð ÌÈJc ¦ © ˙Ó‡a ¤¡¤
-χ¤ ‡È·‰I ¦ ¨ § ‰Î‡Ïn ¨ ¨ § ‰ò© .‰Ê·˙ ¤ § ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ ÌȉG‡ ¦ ¡ ‰k„ ¤ § ¦ § ¯aL-· ¨ § ¦ Ï¥ñ
Ba ˜·c‰I ¥ ¨ ¦ § .¯r © © Èk¦ χ¯NÈÏ ¥ ¨ § ¦ § E˙˜„ˆ § ¨ § ¦ Ôz¥ CÏÓ ¤ ¤ :CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © ÈÊb ¥§ ¦
.¯r¯r‰
¨ § © ¨ ˙lÙz-χ © ¦ § ¤ ‰Ù˙ ¤ § ¦ Âö§ ‰Ê·˙ ¤ § ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ .¯rÓk © © § ˙BÈBϧ Lȇô¦
BÏ-ÔpÁ˙‰Ï
¤ © § ¦ § CIn ¤ ¤ ‰ø© :CIn‰ ¤ ¤ © ¯rLa-¯L‡ © © § ¤ £ CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © È„·r-ÏÎ ¥ § © ¨ Â÷§
.˙B¯‰I § © § B˙Èa¥ ÔLcÓ ¤ ¤ ¦ ÌÈ·BË ¦ ÌÈiÁÏ ¦ © § .˙BÂ˙‰Ï § © § È˙B‡ ¦ È˙‡ä
¦
‰L·
¨ ¨ § ‰L ¨ ¨ ÈcÓ ¥ ¦ eÏr¨ ù§ .˙B˜‰Ï § © § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌLÏ ¥ § ÌÈBb‰-Ïk ¦ © ¨
:CIÓϤ ¤ § ˙ÂÁzL‰Ï Ÿ£ © § ¦§
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
:ÁzÓz
© § ¦ χ© ÔÈc‰ ¦ © ÈevÓa ¦ § .Ìȯ˜aÏ ¦ ¨ § © LB‡¡ C„˜Ù ¨ § ¨ aú§ ¨ oFc`
:Ìe˜ eÏÎeÈ-‡ÏÂ
§ Ÿ § eÁBcà .̷ȯz ¥ ¦ § ̇¦ ‰ÓLe ¨ ¨ § Ûe‚
NrÓ© © B„Èa ¨ § LÈ¥ ̇ ¦ § .ËtLna
¨ § ¦ © ˙BkÊÏ © § ¯·b ¤ ¤ ÏÎeȉ© £
Ba¯‡§ ¨ Èe·Á¨ .‰Áe¯Ò ¨ § ‰ÁJ ¨ ¥ ÓᦠBÓeÁȦ Èe¯Ê¥ :˜cˈ‰I ¥© § ¦ §
.ÂÈÏ‚¯Ï
¨ § © § ˙L¯k ¤ ¤ § ,BaÁa ª § ÔeÓËâ̈ :B„Ïe‰ § ¨ ¦ ˙rÓ ¥ ¥ Ba¯˜a §¦ §
‰˙ÈÒÈ
:‰ ‚È ÌÈω˙ (‰ :‰ ‚Ï Ìȯ·„ („ :· ÂΘ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :Ë „È Ì˘ (· :„ Á ‰È¯ÎÊ Ù"Ú (‡ ‡"Â˙
‡ ¯˙Ò‡ (È :‚È ·Ó Ì˘ (Ë :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÈ ÂÒ ‰ÈÚ˘È (Á :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ê Ê Ì˘ (Ê :‡È „ ¯˙Ò‡ (Â
ÁÈ ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) „È ËÎ ÈÏ˘Ó (Ó :‡ ·Ú ÌÈω˙ (Ï :ËÈ ‡È χ˜ÊÁÈ Ù"Ú (Î :‚È
:ÁÈ ·˜ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (ˆ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂÏ Ê ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ (Ù :Ë ‚ ¯˙Ò‡ (Ú :ËÈ ‡ ÌÈω˙ (Ò :‡Î
‚È ÂÏ ÌÈω˙ (‡ :ÁÈ Ê ·Âȇ Ù"Ú (˙ :ÊË „È ‰È¯ÎÊ (˘ :Á „ Ì˘ (¯ :· Ì˘ ¯˙Ò‡ (˜
:‚Ï ‡Ï ·Âȇ Ù"Ú (‚ :‡ ,‚ ˙·‡ Ù"Ú (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
ÊÚ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 153
.Ôȇ
¦ ¨ Ûeba© ‰¯e·‚e ¨ § Ák © Ÿ :BÏÈt‰Ï ¦ © § ˙ÁMÏ © © © ÌBÈ-ÏÎa ¨ § e‰˙ÈÒÈ
¥ ¦§
BLÙ§ ©à .Bzrc § © Ïr© B„Ór § ¨ ÌBiÓ¦ :·vÈ˙‰Ïe ¥ © § ¦ § „BÓrÏ £ © ÂÈÙÏ
¨¨§
Òrk © © ÂÈÓÈ-I ¨ ¨ ká̈ r·N © ¥ ¨ :BÓÁÏ § © ‡È·‰I ¦ ¨ § BtÎa © § ÌÈNÈ ¦ ¨
ÔB„‡¨ ‰t ¥ § :˘LÈ Ÿ § ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ B¯ÙrϨ £ © B·eL „r© .˙B·B‡ÎÓe § ©
.ÌȘBÁ¯I
¦ § ¨ ‰z‡ ¨ © ·B¯˜¨ :·Ï¥ ÔB¯·La § ¦ § ‰Ùˆ ¥ § .Áe¯
© ÔB·vra § ¦ §
.EÈL¯B„I
¤ § § ‡ˆn‰ ¥ ¨ ¦ ÈcL © © :ÌÈrL¯ ¦ ¨ § ˙·eL˙a © § ¦ ‰z‡ ¨ © ‰ˆB¯
¤
.EÓL·¤ § ¦ ȇ¯B˜ ¥ § ÈzÁÏ ¦ § © Òâ̈ e¯O·È
¨ ª § :EÈL˜·ÓÏ ¤ § © § ¦ Èp‰ © Ÿ
¦ § ¦ ¯Ó‡z
.rÈL¯‰lÓ
© ¦ § © § ¦ Ie ¨ ª Ó㧠ÌBÒÁ£ :EÈ„ÁÈÓ ¤ £ © § Ìr© ËtLna ¨ § ¦ © ˜cˆ ¥©
¯ÙB¤ kå .¯LBÈ ¤ ıÈI¦ Ó¥ä eϨ ̘‰ ¥ ¨ :ÔÈËÒ‰lÓ
¦ § © § ¦ ,ÔÈËÒÓa ¦ § © § ÛBˆ˜§
‡¨ .e·‰È ¥ ¨ § EÈÏr ¤ ¨ eÎIL‰ § © § ¦ :ÌÈ··BMI¦ ¨ © rÈÓLz © ¦ § © È˙‡ˆÓ̈ ¦ ¨
eˆÙÁ
¥ § ¤ .e˙lÙ˙a ¥ ¨ ¦ § ¦ eϨ ¯˙r‰ ¥ ¨ ¥ :eÏkIÎ˙ ¥ § § © § ‰z‡ ¨ ©
EÈÓÁ ¤ £ ¯æ© .eBÁËa
¥ § ¦ eÈÏz ¦ ¨ Ea§ :ÌÈÓÁ¯a ¦ £ © § ‡JÓ ¥ © e˙Lw·e¥¨ ¨©
‡p‡ ¨ ¨ .eÁÎL § ¨ ¨ ‡G EÓL § ¦ ıÈn‡Â¦ © § ˜Ê¨Áç̈ :eeÓc˜È § © § ‰¯‰Ó¨¥ §
:eÁkLz
¥ ¨ § ¦ χ© ÁˆÏ ©¤
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
Ek¯ra
§ § ¨ § :ÌÁ¯ ¥ © ˙BÁ£ Ê‚B¯a ¤ § ¯Bkʧ zé¦ .‰n¯ ¨ ¦ LB‡¡è CËÙLa ¨ § ¨ § oFc`¨
„ÒÁ¤ ¤ IBÓb§ :˜cˆ‰Â ¥ § © § ‰kÊ ¥ © È˙Ù ¤ Lë .ÁkÂÏ
¦ ¤ ¨ ‰‚B © ¥ © § ÌÈÓL‡¦ ¥ £ ÔÈc¦
.ÔB¯LΧ ¦ Ș¯Â¥ ¥ § NrÓ © © Èlc¥ © :ÈevÓI ¦ § ÁzÓz
© § ¦ χ© ·È¯¦ .ÌÈ·iÁÏ ¦ ¨ © § ‰·BËÂ
¨ §
ÛeˆÙˆ § ¦ .‰a¯ ¨ © ‰ÓL‡ ¨ § © aì§ ,EÈÙI ¤ ¨ § e‰
§ ¦ :‡ˆn‰ ¥ ¨ ¦ BÓϨ EÈχ ¤ ¥ Ìȇ¯B˜¦ §
¯·‚¤ ¤ e‰NÚ¥ Ÿ Èt ¥ § .˜cˆÈ‰
¨ § ¦ £ LB‡¡ dBI‡ © ¡ Óî¥ Ì‡Â ¦ § :‰ˆBÙI
¤ § eLBa § ,ÔrÓ©©
ÔBaL§ Á¤ð :·¯¨ ÚLÙe © ¤ ‡ÏÓ ¥ ¨ ÔÂr Ÿ ¨ .Ba¯˜a § ¦ § Ô‡¤ ¨ BaÁa ª § ÔB„ʨ :¯‰Ëȉ ¨ § ¦£
Ú·Ë© ¤ :B˙ÙÈÏÁ ¨ ¦ £ ‡B·añ§ ÔzI ¥ ¦ BÙBÒ .ÌÈÎIn‰ ¦ ¨ § © ÈÎIÓ¥ § © CIÓÏ ¤ ¤ § ÔȄ¦ ¨
ırÓ¥ ¥ ÒÈÙ¦ Îò̈ ‰¯BÈ ¤ :‰rÈ ¤ £ © BÚL¯ § ¦ ÂÈt¨ ¨ „‚ ¤ ¤ .˙¯Á¨ ¡ ¤ BtÎa © § Ì˙BÁ ¨
ÔȇÏ
¦ © § .ÌÏÎÂ
¨ § ¦ § ÔB„¨ ÂÈt ¨ ¨ L·Bk ¥ :‡¯˜˙ ¨ § ¦ § ˜rÊz ¤ ¤ ¯Èw¦ Óô¦ .„ÈbÈÂ
© § ¦ Ô·‡ ¦©§
·˘Á
:· ,Ï ÔÈ˘Â„È˜ ‰‡¯ („ :Î „È ¯·„Ó· (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚Î · ˙ω˜ (· :„È ‚È ·Âȇ Ù"Ú (‡ ‡"Â˙
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) Á ËÚ ÌÈω˙ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) „Î ‚Ï ·Âȇ ( :¯Â‚ÈÒ ‰"„ · ,‚È ‰‚È‚Á È"˘¯ ‰‡¯ (‰
ȯ·„ (Ï :Î ‰Ó χ˜ÊÁÈ Ù"Ú (Î :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ‚ ˜Â˜·Á (È : ‰Î ·Âȇ (Ë :· ÁÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È (Á
„È ·Âȇ Ù"Ú (Ò :‡ ,‚ ˙·‡ Ù"Ú ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÈ „ ·Âȇ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚È ÁÎ ·-ÌÈÓȉ
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ì˘ (Ù :‡È · ˜Â˜·Á Ù"Ú (Ú :„È
‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 154
‰‡¯
¥ § ÔB¯·La
§ ¦ § .‰ˆ¯‰
¤ ¨ ¥ EÈ„È ¤ ¨ ‰NrÓ¥ £ © Ï§à ‡p‡¨ ¨ :EÈÙÏ
¤ ¨ § B„Óra
§ ¨ § ·LÁ
¨ ¡¤
ıBÙÁ£ E˙·¯˜
§ ¨ § ¦ ÌkÊ¥ © .‰ÈÁ
¨ ¦ £ ÌBi‰© e‡ˆÓÈ § § ¦ EÈ„·r
¤ ¨ £ :ÈÁcÓ
¦ ¤ ¦ ¯BÓL §
ÌËlÓ
¥ § © .‰pLB¨ © Lá ȇËÁ
¥ ¨ £ Ôaω ¥ § © ¯ÓvΠ¤ ¤ © § ‚ÏMÎÂ
¤ ¤ © § :‰BL‡¯·k
¨ ¦¨ §
:‰M‰
¨ ¨ © ˙‡Êa Ÿ § ˙BÚ¯-IkÓ¨ ¨ ¦
ÏÁBÓ
¥ ,˙e„ÈÒÁa ¦ £ © ‚‰˙Óe¥ © § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © ‡qk ¥ ¦ Ïr© ·LB ¤ ¤ l`¥
¥ Èâ CÏÓ
‰IÈÁÓ
¨ ¦ § ‰a¯Ó
¤ § © ,ÔBL‡¯¦ ÔBL‡¯¦ ¯È·r ¦ £ Ó©ã ,Bnr© ˙BÂrŸ£
¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ Ìr¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ‰N ¤ ŸÚä ,ÌÈrLBtI
¦ § © ‰ÁÈÏÒe ¨ ¦ § ÌȇËÁÏ
¦ ¨£©
LGL§ ¯ÓBÏ © el¨ ˙ȯB¨ ¥ ‰å I‡¥ .ÏBÓ‚z § ¦ Ì˙r¯Î ¨ ¨ ¨ § ‡ÏŸ ,Áe¯Â
© §
ÂrI
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © § ,‰¯Nr ¥ § ¤ LŸÏL§ ˙ȯa ¦ § ÌBi‰© eI-¯ÎÊ ¨ ¨ § ,‰¯Nr¥§ ¤
ÌL¨ Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙iÂ
¥ © § ¦ © Ôra¨ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § „¯i ¤ ¥Â©æ ·e˙kL ¨ ¤ BÓk§ ,Ì„wÓ¤¤ ¦
¨Ÿ § ÌL
:‰Â‰È ¥ ·1§ ‡¯˜i ¨ § ¦©
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰

‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Âç©
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âè§
¨ © ké¦ :erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨Ÿ £
¨ © § ·BË È„‡
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ Ï©ì :eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Më§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ îȧ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί·
¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr§ © ©
¨Ÿ Èñ§ :Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡
¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨Ÿ Èð§ :‰IÒ
¨ § ‰Â‰ Ÿ £ © ȉχ
¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ ¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰
¨ ¦
ÂȘχ

‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ („ : ,ËÎ ‰·¯ ‡¯˜È (‚ :· · ÌÈ¯È˘‰ ¯È˘ ‰‡¯ (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË „È ·Âȇ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:Ê-Â Ì˘ (Á :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ê :· ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ‰‡¯ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·)  ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (‰ :‡ ,ÊÈ
:‚È „Ù Ì˘ ( :Á ÂÓ Ì˘ (Ó :Ë ‚ Ì˘ (Ï :‚È ‚˜ Ì˘ (Î :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (È :Ë Ì˘ (Ë
:È Î Ì˘ (Ò
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
ÁÚ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 155
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
‰cÓ-Ïk
¨ ¦ ¨ ‡¨ .‰ÈÁa
¨ ¦ £ © ˙B¯eÓ‡‰ £ ¨ ˙BcÓ¦ ‰¯Nr ¥§ ¤ WlŸ W§à
˙eÎʧ NtÁI¥ © § .‰pÁ˙a
¨ ¦ § ¦ ÈkÏÓ¦ § © Èt ¥ § ÈlÁ ¦ © ‰BÎ
¨ §
:‰M‰
¨ ¨ © ˙‡ÊaŸ § ˙BÚ¯-ÏkÓ
¨ ¨ ¦ ÌËlÓ ¥ § © .‰pLB¨ © Lá Ìȇe¯˜
ÌÈek
¦ §
¦ §
‡¨ .̉ȷÎBÎÂ
¤ ¥ § § Ìe¯ ÈÓL ¥ § „r© ‰Ï„b ¨ § ¨ Ì˙ÓL‡
¨ ¨ § © ̇¦
·e˙k¨ ̉Ó
¤ ¥ Ïha
¥ © .̉ÈÏr
¤ ¥ £ ÌÈÓÁ¯
¦ £ © ÈLwa
¦ § © ‰BÎ
¨ § ‰cÓ-Ïk̈
¨¦
.̉ȇه ¦ § © ‡â̈
¤ ¥ § © Èz¯Ó
¤ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‡-‰
:̉ȉχ ¨ i‡¥ © ÌÈBb‰ § Ÿ ‰n¨ Ϩã
¦ © e¯Ó‡È

‰BÎ
¨ § ‰cÓ-Ïk
¨ ¦ ¨ ‡¨ .‰¯tÒlÓ
¨ § © § ¦ eÓˆrÂ
§ ¨ § ˙BÂrŸ £ e¯·b
§ ¨ ̇¦
·e˙k¨ Ïh·Ï
¥ © § ÔÁ˙a
© © § ÊBÚ È·ea„
¥ ¦ .‰¯Èz҉Ϩ ¦ § © § Ì˙B‡¨ ÈÁc
¦ §
¨ ¦ § ‡ä©
.‰¯ÈzÒ
:‰¯va
¨ ¨ © ˙BzrÏ
¦ § ÌÈÏrz
¦ § © ˜BÁ¯a Ÿ £ © ‰Â‰È
¨ § „Órz ¨Ÿ § ‰n¨ Ϩå

‰cÓ-Ïk
¨ ¦ ¨ ‡¨ .ÁˆÓe
© ¥ ÌÈt ¦ ¨ ˙efra ©æ § ÌkÏÓ¨ § © Èt¥ § eÂr‰
¡ ¤ ̇¦
ÌB„‡è̈ ÁÎB
© CaÏ
¥ ¦ ÌÈnÎ
¦ © © ÈÎÙ ¦ç § .ÁˆÙa
¦ § L © ¤ § BÏ ÈpÁ˙‰Â
¦ § © § ¦ § ‰BÎ
¨ §
.ÁˆÂ̈©
:ÁˆÏ
© ¤ ¨ zÁÊ ¦ Ÿ ¡ ‰n¨ Ϩé
¨ § © ¨ Ìȉχ

‰BÎ
¨ § ‰cÓ-Ïk
¨ ¦ ¨ ‡¨ .ıÁLÂ
© § ¦ § LtË
¥ ¦ ·Ï¥ e‡ÈM‰
¦ ¦ ˙BB„ʧ ̇¦
.ıÁ
© © IB˜ ȇNe ¦ Ÿ ÈLeÁ
¦ § ȇ·e ¦ .ıÁnÓ
© © ¦ Ì˙B‡
¨ ȈlÁ
¦§ ©
:ıÁÏa
© © § Cl‰˙‡ ¥ ‰n¨ Ϩë
¥ © § ¤ ¯„B˜

‰BÎ
¨ § ‰cÓ-Ïk
¨ ¦ ¨ ‡¨ .EnrÏ
¤ ª § ˙Be‰Â© § ‰‚‰a ¤ ¤ eÏÙ§ Ëì̈ ̇¦
¤ ¤ § ¯˜L
˙ȯ‡L
¦ ¥ § Ïr© EÈÓÁ¯ § § Èî¦ .EÈÓÈrÓ
¤ £ © eÏIBb˙ ¤ ¦ § © ˙e„ȄȦ § ȯMÈ
¦§ ©
.Enr
¤©
:Enra
¤ © § Et‡ ¤ ¡ ¤ ‰n¨ Ϩð
§ © ‰¯ÁÈ
̇
:· ¢ ÌÈω˙ („ :ÂÎ ·Ï Ìȯ·„ (‚ :· · ÌÈ¯È˘‰ ¯È˘ Ù"Ú (· :Ê- „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ ‰‡¯ (‡ ‡"Â˙
¯È˘ (Ë :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ËÈ · ‰Îȇ (Á : ÁÎ Ìȯ·„ Ù"Ú (Ê :‡ È ÌÈω˙ ( :Î Ì˘ Ìȯ·„ (‰
È·„ ‡˙ (Ó :ËÒ ËȘ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Ï :· ‚Ó Ì˘ (Î :‡ „Ú ÌÈω˙ (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·) È ‰ ÌÈ¯È˘‰
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡È ·Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ ( :ËÈ ˜¯Ù ‰·¯ ‰Èχ
‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 156
‰BÎ
¨ § ‰cÓ-Ïk
¨ ¦ ¨ ‡¨ .C¯c‰ ¤ ¤ © ÈpÓ
¦ ¦ ÛlÒÏ ¤Ÿ e„·k
¥ © § Ôʇ § ¨ ̇¦
.C¯eˆÂ
¥ § CB˜
¥ Èt ¦ § ¦ Ca¥ Ϧà .C¯ra
¥ § ÈÎÙL ¤ ¤ § Ènr
¦ © Ïr© ÈLÁÏ
¦ £©
:C¯„
¤ ¨ ȯ·BÚ-Ïk
¥§ ¨ ‰e¯‡Â
¨ ¨ § ‰È¯„b ¨ § © ¨ ‰n¨ Ϩá
¨ ¤ ¥ § zˆ¯t

‡¨ .ÈLB„˜e
¦ § ÈkÏÓ¦ § © ¯eˆÏ§ ÌrLt ¨ § ¦ ·B¯a§ e„¯Ó
§ ¨ ̇¦
ÌB¯Óã̈ ‡¯B¨ â .ÈLw·z
¦ § © § ̉ÈÏr
¤ ¥ £ ÌrB © ‰BÎ
¨ § ‰cÓ-Ïk
¨¦ ¨
.ÈL¯„z
¦ § § ¦ ÂÈχ
¨ ¥ ¯˙ra¤ ¤ § LB„˜Â
¨§
:ÈLÙ
¦ § © ÌBÏMÓ
¨ ¦ ÁÊz ¨Ÿ § ‰Ó¨ Ϩä
© § ¦ ‰Â‰È

‰BÎ
¨ § ‰cÓ-Ïk
¨ ¦ ¨ ‡¨ .ÌÈÓȦ ¨ § ÌÈzr¦ ¦ ·B¯Ó¥ ‰¯Ùk
¨ ¨ § e¯¯Ò
§ ¨ ̇¦
.ÌÈnr
¦ © ÈËrÓ
¥ ª § ‰Ù¤ Ȉt
¦ § Ènr ¦ © Ïr© .ÌÈÓB¯ÓI
¦ § ¦ ȇN¦ § ÔÈr
¦©
¤Ÿ § e·Êrz
:ÌÈÓȦ ¨ C¯‡Ï ¥ § © © eÁkLz © ¤ ¨ ‰n¨ Ϩå
¥ ¨ § ¦ ÁˆÏ

-Ïk¨ ‡¨ .‡Ï˙k


¤ ¤ § „‡ÓŸ § e¯·‚§ ¨ § eÓˆr§ ¨ erLt
¥ ¨ § ̇¦
C˙¯Ó‡
¥ ¨ § ¦ ‰Ùe¯ˆ
¨ § .‡Ïىϥ § © § ÏB˜ Èوو
¦ § § © ‰BÎ
¨ § ‰cÓ¨¦
.‰l‡
¤ ¥ Ìr© Ïr© ˙BlÁI ©§
:‰lÎ
¥ © E˜ÈÁ
§ ¥ ·¯wÓ
¤ ¤ ¦ EÈÓÈ ¦ ¨ ‰n¨ Ϩæ
¤ ¦ ¦ E„ȧ ¨ ·ÈL˙

‰BÎ
¨ § ‰cÓ-Ïk
¨ ¦ ¨ ‡¨ .rÈL¯‰Ïe
© ¦ § © § „ÈÊ‰Ï ¦ ¨ § ÌÈNrÓ
¦ £ © eϘϘ
§ § ¦ ̇¦
.rÈLBn‰
© ¦ © I‡Ï¥ ¨ ‰IÈl·
¨ § © © ÈÓe˜
¦ ÈB¦ ¯ç .rÈLB‰I
© ¦ § CaI ¥ ¦ ÈLÁ¯¦ £ ©
:rÈLB‰Ï © Ÿ ¯Ba‚k
© ¦ § ÏÎeÈ-‡Ï ¦ § ̉„
¨ § ¦ Lȇk ¤ § ¦ ‰n¨ Ϩè
¦ § ‰È‰˙

‰cÓ-Ïk
¨ ¦ ¨ ‡¨ .E˙BlÁÏ ¤ © § LÙ ¤ ¤ ¨ ·Ïa¥ § Ìlk¨ ª e·L ¨ ÌÓ‡¨ § ¨ ̇¦
ErÓÏ
§ © © § ÔB„‡¨ ‰Nrz ¤ £ © .E˙IȤ ¨ ÁÓa¦ § ¦ Ìnr ¨ ¦ ÌÈkÒz ¦ § © ‰BÎ¨ §
:E˙IÁ
¤ ¨ £ © ÈË·L
¥ § ¦ EÈ„·r © © § ·eLé .E˙„rÏ
¤ ¨ £ ÔrÓÏ ¤ ¨ £ © ÁÏÒe© § ÏÁÓ © §
ÏÁBÓ
¥ ,˙e„ÈÒÁa ¦ £ © ‚‰˙Óe
¥ © § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © ‡qk
¥ ¦ Ïr© ·LB ¥ Èë CÏÓ¤ ¤ l`¥
‰IÈÁÓ
¨ ¦ § ‰a¯Ó ¤ § © ,ÔBL‡¯¦ ÔBL‡¯¦ ¯È·r ¦ £ Ó©ì ,Bnr© ˙BÂr Ÿ£
ÌȇËÁÏ
.ÂË ÁÙ ÌÈω˙ (‰ :ÂË Ê ‰ÈÚ˘È („ :Á ÂÚ Ì˘ (‚ :‚È Ù ÌÈω˙ (· :ËÈ · ‰Îȇ Ù"Ú (‡ ‡"Â˙
:Ë „È ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ë :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ËÈ · ‰Îȇ (Á :‡È „Ú ÌÈω˙ (Ê :Î ‰ ‰Îȇ ( :ÊÈ ‚ ‰Îȇ
:‡ ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ (Ï : ,ËÎ ‰·¯ ‡¯˜È (Î :ÊÈ ‚Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È (È
ËÚ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 157
¯Na-Ïk
¨ ¨ ¨ Ìr¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ‰N ¤ ŸÚà ,ÌÈrLBtÏ
¦ § © ‰ÁÈÏÒe ¨ ¦ § ÌȇËÁÏ
¦ ¨£©
LGL§ ¯ÓBÏ © el¨ ˙ȯB¨ ¥ ‰á I‡¥ .ÏBÓ‚z § ¦ Ì˙r¯Î Ÿ ,Áe¯Â
¨ ¨ ¨ § ‡Ï © §
ÂrI
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © § ,‰¯Nr ¥ § ¤ LŸÏL§ ˙ȯa ¦ § ÌBi‰© eI-¯ÎÊ
¨ ¨ § ,‰¯Nr
¥§ ¤
ÌL¨ Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙iÂ
¥ © § ¦ © Ôra
¨ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § „¯i ¤ ¥Ââ© ·e˙kL¨ ¤ BÓk§ ,Ì„wÓ
¤¤ ¦
¨Ÿ § ÌL
:‰Â‰È ¥ ·1§ ‡¯˜i ¨ § ¦©
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰

‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Âã©
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âä§
¨ © kå¦ :erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨Ÿ £
¨ © § ·BË È„‡
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ Ï©ç :eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mæ§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ èȧ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί·
¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr§ © ©
¨Ÿ Èë§ :Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡
¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨Ÿ Èé§ :‰IÒ
¨ § ‰Â‰ Ÿ £ © ȉχ
¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ ¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰
¨ ¦
:Ô¯‡‰ ÔÈÁ˙ÂÙ
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
:ÈÁ-ÏÎ
¨ ¨ EÈÙÏ © § ¦ Ÿ Èk¦ .enr
¤ ¨ § ˜cˆÈ-‡Ï ¨ ¦ ËtLÓ·¨ § ¦ § ‡B·z-Ï ¨ ‡©ì
:ÌȯLÈÓa
¦ ¨ ¥ § ÌÈn‡Ïe ¦ ª § ˜„ˆa ¥ ¥ Ÿ § ¦ ‡e‰Âî§
¤ ¤ § I·z-ËtLÈ
:EÈÙ
¤ ¨ eÓc˜È
§ © § ˙Ó‡Â
¤ ¡ ¤ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ .E‡Òk ¤ § ¦ ÔBÎÓ§ ËtLÓe ¨ § ¦ ˜„¤ ˆ¤ð
:ÌȯLÈÓ
¦ ¨ ¥ ‰ÈÊÁz
¨ ¤ ¡ ¤ EÈÈr ¤ ¥ .‡ˆÈ ¥ ¥ eËtLÓ ¤ ¨ § Óñ¦
¥ ¨ § ¦ EÈÙl
‡ÈˆÂ˙Â
Ì˘ (‰ :Ê-Â Ì˘ („ :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‚ :· ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ‰‡¯ (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·)  ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
Î Ì˘ (Î :‚È „Ù Ì˘ (È :Á ÂÓ Ì˘ (Ë :Ë ‚ Ì˘ (Á :‚È ‚˜ Ì˘ (Ê :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ ( :Ë
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ÊÈ Ì˘ (Ò :ÂË ËÙ Ì˘ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë Ë Ì˘ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ‚Ó˜ Ì˘ (Ï :È
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 158
:Ìȯ‰vk
¦ ¨ ¢ ¨ © eËtLÓe
¥ ¨ § ¦ .e˜„ˆ ¥ § ¦ ¯B‡Î¨ ‡ÈˆB˙ ¦ Âà§
:EÈ„·r Ÿ © Èk¦ ÌBi‰© e„Ór
¤ ¨ £ Ïk‰ ¤ ¨ § ¦ ϧá
§ ¨ EÈËtLÓ
‡e‰ ekÏÓ¥ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § .e˜˜ÁÓ
¥ § Ÿ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eËÙL ¥ § Ÿ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Èkâ¦
:erÈLBÈ
¥ ¦
:Ìȇb-Ïr
¦ ¥ © ÏeÓb§ ·L‰ ¥ ¨ .ı¯‡‰ ¤ ¨ ¨ ËÙL ¥ Ÿ ‡Np ¥ ¨ ‰ã¦
˜Ècˆ ¦ © ˙ÈÓ‰Ï
¦ ¨ § ‰f‰ ¤ © ¯·ck¨ ¨ © | ˙NrÓ Ÿ £ ¥ El§ ‰ÏÏ ¨ ¦ Áä̈
¥ Ÿ £ Cl¨ ‰ÏÏÁ
ËÙL‰ ¨ ¦ ¨ .ÚL¯k ¨ ¨ ¨ ˜ÈcvÎ ¦ © © ‰È‰Â ¨ ¨ § .ÚL¯-Ìr
¨ ¨ ¦
:ËtLÓ
¨ § ¦ ‰NrÈ ¤ £ © ‡G ı¯‡‰-Ïk̈¤¨ ¨
:Ô¯‡‰ Ôȯ‚ÂÒ
ÏÁBÓ
¥ ,˙e„ÈÒÁa ¦ £ © ‚‰˙Óe¥ © § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © ‡qk ¥ ¦ Ïr© ·LB ¤ ¤ l`¥
¥ Èå CÏÓ
‰IÈÁÓ
¨ ¦ § ‰a¯Ó
¤ § © ,ÔBL‡¯¦ ÔBL‡¯¦ ¯È·r ¦ £ Ó©æ ,Bnr© ˙BÂrŸ£
¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ Ìr¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ‰N ¤ ŸÚç ,ÌÈrLBtI
¦ § © ‰ÁÈÏÒe ¨ ¦ § ÌȇËÁÏ
¦ ¨£©
LGL§ ¯ÓBÏ © el¨ ˙ȯB¨ ¥ ‰è I‡¥ .ÏBÓ‚z § ¦ Ì˙r¯Î ¨ ¨ ¨ § ‡ÏŸ ,Áe¯Â
© §
ÂrI
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © § ,‰¯Nr ¥ § ¤ LŸÏL§ ˙ȯa ¦ § ÌBi‰© eI-¯ÎÊ ¨ ¨ § ,‰¯Nr¥§ ¤
ÌL¨ Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙iÂ
¥ © § ¦ © Ôra¨ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § „¯i ¤ ¥Â©é ·e˙kL ¨ ¤ BÓk§ ,Ì„wÓ¤¤ ¦
¨Ÿ § ÌL
:‰Â‰È ¥ ·1§ ‡¯˜i ¨ § ¦©
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰

‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Âë©
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi
¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ Ÿ ¨ ‡N
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂr ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âì§
ÁÏÒ
˙È˘‡¯· (‰ :· „ˆ ÌÈω˙ („ :·Î ‚Ï ‰ÈÚ˘È (‚ :‡ˆ ËȘ Ì˘ (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·)  ÊÏ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
˘‡¯ ‰‡¯ (Ë :(ÈÂÈ˘·)  ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (Á :‡ ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ (Ê : ,ËÎ ‰·¯ ‡¯˜È ( :‰Î ÁÈ
:Ë Ì˘ (Ï :Ê-Â Ì˘ (Î :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (È :· ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
Ù ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 159
‰z‡-Ȩ © kঠ:erL § ¨ Ù1̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á1̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq © §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â ¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨ © § ·BË È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ Ï©â :eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr ¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Má§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ È㧠:‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί· ¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr § © ©
‰Â‰¨Ÿ Èå§ :Ca¨ ÁËa © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡ ¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ äȧ :‰IÒ ¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ȉχ ¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰ ¨ ¦
eBl„© Èk¦ ,EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © eeÓc˜È § © § ¯‰Ó ¥ © ,ÌÈBL‡¯ ¦ ¦ ˙BÂr Ÿ £ eÏ-¯kÊz ¨ ¨ § ¦ -l`©æ
-eÏ-¯ÎÊ
¨ ¨ § EcÒÁk § § © § ¯kÊz-I‡ Ÿ § ¦ © eÈrLÙe ¥ ¨ § | eȯeÚ ¥ § ˙‡h Ÿ Áç© :„‡Ó Ÿ §
:‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § E·eË § ÔrÓÏ© © § ,‰z‡ ¨ ©
,Enr ¤ © ÔBˆ¯a § ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § e¯Î ¥ § Êé̈ :‰n‰ ¨ ¥ ÌÏBÚÓ ¨ ¥ Èk¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁ ¤ ¨ £ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © xk Ÿ fè§
Ë·L ¤ ¥ zχb ¨ § © ¨ Ì„w ¤ ¤ ,˙È˜ ¨ ¦ ¨ | E˙„r § ¨ £ ¯Î Ÿ Êë§ :E˙reLÈa ¤¨ ¦ e„˜t ¥§¨
˙·‰‡ © £ © ,ÌÏLe¯È¦¨ ¨ § ˙aÁ © ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯BÎʧ :Ba zÎL ¨ § © ¨ | ‰Ê¤ ÔBiˆ-¯‰ ¦ © ,E˙ÏÁ ¤¨ £©
‡·-Èk
¨ ¦ dÁI ¨ § ¤ § ˙r-Èk ¥ ¦ ,ÔBiˆ¦ ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ìe˜˙¨ ‰z¨ ‡î© :ÁˆÏ © ¤ ¨ ÁkLz-Ï © § ¦ ‡ì© ÔBiˆ¦
e¯r¨ | e¯r¨ ÌȯӇ‰ ¦ § Ÿ ¨ ,ÌILe¯È ¦¨ ¨ § ÌBÈ ˙‡¥ ,ÌB„‡¡ È·Ï ¥ § ¦ | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯Î Ÿ Êð§ :„rBÓ ¥
zraL
¨ § © § ¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ EÈ„·r ¤ ¨ £ χ¯NÈÏe ¥ ¨ § ¦ § ˜ÁˆÈÏ ¨ § ¦ § ̉¯·‡I ¨ ¨ § © § ¯Î Ÿ Êñ§ :da¨ „BÒȉ § © „r©
,ÌÈÓM‰
¦ ¨ ¨ © È·ÎBÎk ¥ § § ÌÎr¯Ê-˙‡ ¤ £ § © ¤ ‰a¯‡ ¤ § © ̉I‡ ¤ ¥ £ ¯a„z ¥ © § © Ca¨ ̉Ï̈ ¤
¯ÎŸ òʧ :ÌÏÚϨ Ÿ § eÏÁ £ ¨ § ÌÎr¯ÊÏ ¤ £ § © § Ôz‡ ¥ ¤ Èz¯Ó‡ ¦ § © ¨ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ˙‡f‰ Ÿ © ı¯‡‰-ÏΠ¤¨ ¨ ¨§
‰f‰¤ © Ìr‰ ¨ ¨ ÈL˜-I‡ ¦ § ¤ ÔÙz-I‡ ¤ ¥ © ,·˜rÈÏe Ÿ £ © § ˜ÁˆÈÏ ¨ § ¦ § ̉¯·‡I ¨ ¨ § © § EÈ„·rI ¤ ¨ £©
eχB
§ © ¯L‡ ¤ £ ,˙‡hÁ ¨ © eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ˙L˙ ¥ ¨ ‡-Ï ¨ ‡ô© :B˙‡hÁ-χ ¨ © ¤ § BÚL¯-I‡Â § ¦ ¤§
:e¯ˆBÈ ¥ § eÏ-ÁÏÒ ¨ © § e¯eˆ ¥ e‡ËÁ ¨ ¨ :e‡ËÁ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡Â ¤ £©
ۇ© § ·B˜rÈ £ © È˙ȯa-˙‡
¦ ¦ § ¤ Èz¯ÎÊ ¦ § © ¨Âö§ ,z¯Ó‡
¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ˙B·‡¨ ˙ȯa ¦ § eϨ xFkf§
Ÿ § ¤ ı¯‡‰Â
:¯kʇ ¤ ¨ ¨ § ¯kʇ Ÿ § ¤ ̉¯·‡ ¨ ¨ § © È˙ȯa-˙‡ ¦ ¦ § ¤ ۇ © § ˜ÁˆÈ ¨ § ¦ È˙ȯa-˙‡ ¦ ¦§ ¤
˙ȯa ¦ § Ì‰Ï ¤ ¨ Èz¯ÎÊ ¦ § © ¨Â÷§ ,z¯Ó‡ ¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ÌÈBL‡¯ ¦ ¦ ˙ȯa ¦ § eI¨ ¯BÎʧ
˙BÈ‰Ï § ¦ ÌÈBb‰
¦ © ÈÈrÏ ¥ ¥ § ,ÌȯˆÓ ¦ © § ¦ ı¯‡Ó ¤ ¤ ¥ Ì˙‡-È˙‡ˆB‰ ¨Ÿ ¦ ¥ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ,ÌÈL‡¯ ¦Ÿ ¦
Ÿ © © Âø§ ,ezÁË·‰L
˙‡Ê-Ìb-Û‡ ¨ § © § ¦ ¤ BÓk§ enr ¨ ¦ ‰Nr ¥ £ :‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È‡ ¦ £ ÌÈ‰Ï‡Ï ¦ Ÿ ¥ Ì‰Ï ¤¨
¯Ù‰Ï
¥ ¨ § Ì˙lÎÏ ¨ Ÿ © § ÌÈzÏr‚-‡Ï ¦ § © § Ÿ § ÌÈzÒ‡Ó-‡G ¦ § © § ̉Ȥ ·È‡ ¥ §Ÿ ı¯‡a ¤ ¤ § Ì˙Bȉa ¨ § ¦
‰Ók ¨ § eÓÁ¯Â¥ £ © § e˙e·L ¥ § ·L‰ ¥ ¨ :̉ȉχ ¤ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È‡ ¦ £ Èk¦ ,Ìz‡ ¨ ¦ È˙ȯa ¦ ¦§
Eˆa˜Â
§ ¤ ¦ § ·L ¨ § ,EÓÁ¯Â ¤ £ ¦ § E˙e·L-˙‡ § § ¤ EȉG‡ ¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ·L ¨ ù§ ,·e˙kL ¨¤
ÏÎÓ
:È Î Ì˘ ( :‚È „Ù Ì˘ (‰ :Á ÂÓ Ì˘ („ :Ë ‚ Ì˘ (‚ :‚È ‚˜ Ì˘ (· :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:· „Ú Ì˘ (Î :(ÈÂÈ˘·) „ ˜ Ì˘ (È :Â Ì˘ (Ë :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ê ‰Î Ì˘ (Á :Á ËÚ Ì˘ (Ê
·È ¯·„Ó· (Ù :ÊÎ Ë Ìȯ·„ (Ú :‚È ·Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ò :Ê ÊϘ Ì˘ ( :„È ·˜ Ì˘ (Ó :ËÈ Ì˘ (Ï
:‚ Ï Ìȯ·„ (˘ :„Ó Ì˘ (¯ :‰Ó Ì˘ (˜ :·Ó ÂÎ ‡¯˜È (ˆ :‡È
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (1 ˙‚‰‰
‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 160
‰Ók ¨ § eÈÁc¥ ¨ ¦ ıa˜ ¥ © :‰nL ¨ ¨ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EˆÈÙ‰ § ¦ ¡ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ÌÈnr‰-ÏkÓ ¦ ©¨ ¨ ¦
EȉG‡ ¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Eˆa˜È § ¤ © § ÌMÓ ¨ ¦ ,ÌÈÓM‰ ¦ ¨ ¨ © ‰ˆ˜a ¥ § ¦ EÁc £ © ¦ ‰È‰È-̤ § ¦ ‡à¦ ,·e˙kL ¨¤
·rÎ ¨ ¨ È˙ÈÁ ¦ ¦ Óá̈ ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § ÔrΨ ¨ ¤ § ·rk ¨ ¨ eÈrLÙ ¥ ¨ § ‰ÁÓ ¥ § :EÁwÈ ¤ ¨ ¦ ÌMÓe ¨ ¦
eÈrLÙ¥ ¨ § ‰ÁÓ ¥ § :EÈzI‡‚ ¦ § © § Èk¦ ÈI‡ © ¥ ‰·eL ¨ ,EÈ˙‡hÁ¤ Ÿ © ÔrΠ¨ ¨ ¤ § EÈrLt ¤¨ §
ÈrÓÏ
¦ £ © § EÈrLÙ ¤ ¨ § ‰ÁÓ ¤ Ÿ ‡e‰ ÈÎ‡ ¦ Ÿ ¨ ÈÎ ¦ Ÿ ‡â̈ ,z¯Ó‡ ¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ErÓI §© ©§
,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § ¯ÓvΠ¤ ¤ © § ‚ÏMk ¤ ¤ © eȇËÁ ¥ ¨ £ Ôaω ¥ § © :¯kʇ Ÿ § ¤ ‡Ï Ÿ EÈ˙‡hÁ ¤ Ÿ ©§
,eÈaIȦ § © ‚ÏMk
¤ ¤ © ÌÈMk ¦ ¨ © ÌÎȇËÁ ¤ ¥ ¨ £ eȉÈ-̇ § ¦ ¦ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯Ó‡È © Ÿ ‰ÁÎe ¨ ϧã
¨ § ¨ ¦ § ‡-eÎ
e¯‰ËÂ
¥ £ © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ˜B¯Ê§ :eÈ‰È § ¦ ¯Óvk ¤ ¤ © ÚÏBzÎ ¨ © eÓÈc‡È-̇ ¦§© ¦
ÏkÓŸ ¦ ,Ìz¯‰Ëe ¤ § © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © ÌÎÈIr ¤ ¥ £ Èz˜¯Ê ¦ § © ¨ä§ ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ §
e˙ÈÁLz
¥ ¦ § © χ © § eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ © :ÌÎ˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ¯‰Ë‡ ¥ © £ ÌÎÈIelb-ÏkÓe¤ ¥ ¦ ¨ ¦ ÌÎÈ˙‡ÓË ¤ ¥Ÿ § ª
,E˙ÈÁLÈ
¤ ¦ § © ‡Ï Ÿ § Et¯È § § © ‡Ï Ÿ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ Èkå¦ ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ §
e··Ï-˙‡
¥¨§ ¤ ÏBÓ :Ì‰Ï ¤ ¨ ÚaL © § ¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ EÈ˙·‡ ¤ Ÿ £ ˙ȯa-˙‡ ¦ § ¤ ÁkLÈ © § ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ §
E··Ï-˙‡
§ ¨§ ¤ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏÓ¨ eæ ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § EÓL-˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ‰·‰‡Ï ¨£©§
ELÙ-Ïηe
§ § © ¨ § E··I-ÏÎa § ¨ § ¨ § EȉG‡ ¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ¤ ‰·‰‡Ï ¨ £ © § ,Er¯Ê ¤ § © ··Ï-˙‡Â©§ ¤§
ÌMÓ ¨ ¦ ÌzLw· ¤ § © ¦ eç ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § e˙Lw·a ¥ ¨ ¨ © § eϨ ‡ˆn‰ ¥ ¨ ¦ :EÈiÁ ¤ © ÔrÓÏ©©§
:ELÙ-Ïηe
¤ § © ¨ § E··Ï-ÏÎa § ¨ § ¨ § epL¯„˙ ¤ § § ¦ Èk¦ ,˙‡ˆÓe ¨ ¨ ¨ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ¤
,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § E˙lÙz ¤ ¨ ¦ § ˙È·a ¥ § eÁnN ¥ § © § EL„˜ ¤ § ¨ ¯‰-I‡ © ¤ e‡È·z ¥ ¦ §
¤ ¥Ÿ
̉È˙ÏBÚ ,È˙lÙz
¦ ¨ ¦ § ˙È·a ¥ § ÌÈzÁnN ¦ § © ¦ § ÈL„˜ ¦ § ¨ ¯‰-χ © ¤ ÌÈ˙B‡È·‰ ¦ ¦ £ è©
:ÌÈnr‰-ÏÎÏ
¦ © ¨ ¨ § ‡¯wÈ ¥ ¨ ¦ ‰lÙz-˙Èa
¨ ¦ § ¥ È˙È· ¦ ¥ Èk¦ ,ÈÁaÊÓ-Ïr ¦ § § ¦ © ÔBˆ¯Ï ¨ § ̉ÈÁ·Ê¤ ¥ § ¦§
:ÏÏη „Ú ‡Ï Â·ÊÚ˙ χ „Ú ,ω˜Â ÔÊÁ ,˜ÂÒÙ ¯Á‡ ˜ÂÒÙ ÌȯÓ‡ Ô¯‡‰ ÔÈÁ˙ÂÙ

Ïa˜Â
¥ © § eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯Â ¥ © § ÒeÁ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eÏB˜
¥ ÚÓL
© §
:e˙lÙz-˙‡
¥ ¨ ¦ § ¤ ÔBˆ¯·e ¨ § ÌÈÓÁ¯a ¦ £ ©§
:Ì„˜k
¤ ¤ § eÈÓÈ
¥ ¨ LcÁ ¥ © ‰·eLÂ
¨ ¨ § EÈχ ¤ ¥ | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § e·ÈL
¥ ¦ ‰£é
:epnÓ
¤ ¦ Áwz-χ
© ¦ © EL„˜ § § ¨ Áe¯Â
© § EÈÙlÓ ¥ ¦ § © ‡©ë
¤ ¨ § ¦ eÎÈÏLz-Ï
:e·Êrz-χ
¥ § © © © eÁk ¥ Ÿ ˙BÏÎk § ¦ ‰˜Ê
¨ § ¦ ˙rÏ ¥ ¦ § © ‡©ì
¥ § eÎÈÏLz-Ï
‰·BËÏ ¨ ¦ ¥ r£ð :epnÓ
¨ § ˙B‡ enr-‰N ¤ ¦ ˜Á¯z-χ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È
© § ¦ © ,eȉχ ¨Ÿ § e·Êrz-Ï
¥ § © © ‡î©
ñ̈ £ :ezÓÁÂ
eȯ¥Ó‡ ¨ § © ¦ § ez¯Êr ¨Ÿ § ‰z‡-Èk
¨ § © £ ‰Â‰È ¨ © ¦ eL·ÈŸ ¥ § eȇN
¥ §Ÿ e‡¯ÈÂ
§¦ §
‰Èʇ‰
:‰Î ÂÏ Ï‡˜ÊÁÈ (‰ :ÁÈ ‡ Ì˘ („ :‰Î ‚Ó Ì˘ (‚ :·Î „Ó ‰ÈÚ˘È (· :„ Ï Ìȯ·„ (‡ ‡"Â˙
‡ ÌÈω˙ (Î :‡Î ‰ ‰Îȇ (È :Ê Â ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ë :ËÎ „ Ì˘ (Á :Â Ï Ì˘ (Ê :‡Ï „ Ìȯ·„ (Â
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÈ ÂÙ Ì˘ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·Î ÁÏ Ì˘ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë ‡Ú Ì˘ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚È
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ‰ Ì˘ (Ò
‡Ù ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 161
eaÏ
¥ ¦ ÔBÈ‚‰Â
§ ¤ § eÈÙ-ȯӇ ¨ § eȉ§ àȦ :e‚È‚‰
¦ ¥ § ¦ | ÔBˆ¯Ï ¥ ¦ £ ‰Èa ¨Ÿ § | ‰Èʇ‰
¨ ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨ ¦£ ©
¨Ÿ £ ‰r˙
È„‡ ¤ £ © ‰z‡ ¨ © ,eÏÁB‰
§ ¨ ¨Ÿ § EI-È
‰Â‰È § kᦠ:eI‡B‚Â
¥ £ § e¯eˆ
¥ ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ,EÈÙÏ
¤¨§
:eȉG‡
¥ ¡
:Ô¯‡‰ Ôȯ‚ÂÒ
‡‰zL¥ § ¤ ,eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ,EÈÙlÓ ¤ ¨ § ¦ ÔBˆ¯¨ È‰È ¦ § okaE ¥ §
.χ¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa¥ Enr-Ïk § © ¨ Ïr © § eÈIr ¥ ¨ ‰‡a‰ ¨ ¨ © ˙‡f‰ Ÿ © ‰M‰ ¨¨ ©
e˙eI‚Ï
¥ ¨ § ÛBÒ ˙r ¥ § .I‡¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa¥ Enr § © È·LÏ ¦ § ¦ ˙ÈIÎ˙ ¦ § © § ı¥̃
eÈÏr¥ ¨ CLÓ © ¨ Èk¦ .e„e¯Óe ¥ § eÈr ¥ § ¨ ÈÓÈÏ ¥ ¦ ·BË ˙ȯÁ‡Â ¦ £ © § .eÏ·‡Ie ¥ § ¤§
.ÌÈl„¦ © § ÌÈÎÏB‰¦§ ÌBÈ-ÏÎa ¨ § e‰Â § ¦ § .˙BiÏ‚ ª ¨ eÈÏr ¥ ¨ eί‡Â § ¨ § .„earM‰ § ¦ ©
Ôȇ¥ § .Ìȯrˆ
¦ ¨ § ¦ e‡¨ ÌÈpÓf‰ ¦ © § © ˙B‚Ò·e § ¦ .ÌÈËrÓ ¦ ¨ § ¦ e‡¨ ÌÈM‰ ¦ ¨ © ˙B·¯a §¦
IŸÓÁÈ-ÈÓ§ © ¦ Èk㦠,z¯Ó‡¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © .eÈ„Èa ¥ ¨ § ˜ÈÊÁÓ ¦ £ © ‡G§ ω ¥ © Ó⧠‡Ï Ÿ eϨ
ÈÓ¦ B‡ :CϨ ÌÏLI Ÿ ¨ § I‡LÏ Ÿ § ¦ ¯eÒȨ ÈÓe ¦ .CϨ „eȨ ÈÓe ¦ ÌÏLe¯È¦© ¨ § CÈÏr̈ ¦©
.‰ÊBÁÂ
¤ § ‡È· ¦ ¨ „BÚ-Ôȇ¥ Âä§ .ı¯ta ¤ ¤ © „BÓrÈ £ © ÈÓ¦ B‡ ¯„b ¥ ¨ ¯Bc‚È §¦
Ô‡vkŸ © el¨ kªæ Èk¦ :Ca¨ ˜ÈÊÁ‰I ¦ £ © § ¯¯BÚ˙Ó ¥ § ¦ ˙Ó‡a ¤ ¡ ¤ EÓL· § ¦ § ‡¯B˜-ÔÈ ¥ ‡Â¥å §
.BÚˆ· § ¦ ȯÁ‡
¥ £ © ¯·b-Ik¤ ¤ ¨ :eÈt ¦ ¨ ‰r¯‰ ¨ ¨ ¨ Bk¯„I § © § Lȇ¦ Lȇ¦ eÈrz̈ ¦
˙BÂraŸ £ © eI¨ È„© ‡G§ .Ú¯‰ ¨ ¨ BaI¦ ˙e¯È¯L ¦ § ȯÁ‡ ¥ £ © Lȇ-ÏΠ¦ ¨§
e¯‰Êe‰
§©§ ‡G§ .ÌÈL„Á ¦ ¨ £ ̉ÈÏr ¤ ¥ £ eÙÒB‰ §© ̇¦ Èk¦ .ÌÈBL‡¯‰̈ ¦ ¦
˙BÁÎBz‰-ÏÎa
¨ © ¨ § eÁÎe‰ § © ‡G§ .ez¯‰Ê‰ ¨ § © § ¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ˙B¯‰Ê‡‰-ÏÎa ¨§© ¨ ¨ §
:CIn‰ ¤ ¤ © Èt
¥ § ˜BÚÊI § ¦ ‰˜„ˆ ¨ ¨ § „BÚ eϨ Li-‰Ó ¤ © eç .ezÁÎB‰ ¨ § © ¯L‡¤ £
© © § ¦ © Âé§ ,e˙lÙz
Ìlr˙z-χ ¥ ¨ ¦ § EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ‡B·z è̈ ,eÈ˙B·‡
¥ £ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¥ Epidl` ¥Ÿ ¡
EÈÙI
¤ ¨ § ¯ÓBÏ
© ,Û¯Ú¤Ÿ ÈL ¥ ˜eì§ ÌÈÙ ¦ ¨ Èf¥rë© e‡¨ ÔȇL
¥ ¤ ,e˙pÁzÓ
¥¨¦ § ¦
§ © £ Ï·¨ ‡£î ,e‡ËÁ
eÁ‡ ¨ ¨ ‡ÏŸ § eÁ‡ § © £ ÌȘÈcˆ¦ ¦ © ,eÈ˙B·‡
¥ £ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È
¨Ÿ §
:e‡Ë¨ Á1̈ eÈ˙B·‡Â
¥ £©
.e„ʧ © .erL¯ ñ¦ § .eÈÂr
§ © § ‰Â ¦ ¡ ‰¤ð .ÈÙc ¦ Ÿ e¯ac§ © ¦ .eÏÊb
§ © ¨ .e„‚a§ © ¨ .EpnW § © `2̈
.eˆI
§ © .e·fk
§ © ¦ .Ú¯¨ eˆrÈ
§ © ¨ .¯˜L § © Ëò̈ .eÒÓÁ
¤ ¤ eÏÙ § © ¨
Â„¯Ó
ÂË ‰ÈÓ¯È („ :ÁÈ ‡ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊË ÁÏ Ì˘ (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ËÈ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
·-χÂÓ˘ (Á :(ÈÂÈ˘·)  ‚ Ì˘ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·)  „Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë „Ú ÌÈω˙ (‰ :‰
: ÁÎ Ìȯ·„ Ù"Ú (Î :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ‰ Ì˘ (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚ ÁÙ ÌÈω˙ (Ë :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ËÎ ËÈ
Ù"Ú (Ú :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ì˘ (Ò : ˜ ÌÈω˙ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ,ÊÙ ‡ÓÂÈ (Ó :Ë „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (Ï
:ËÒ ËȘ Ì˘
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ (1 ˙‚‰‰
ÈÙÏ ÌÈÏÓ‰ ¯‡˘· ÔΠ,(Ê ÛÈÚÒ Ê¯˙ ÔÓÈÒ Ê"‰„‡ Ú"¢ ‰‡¯) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ËÚÓ ‰Á˘È (2
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó) ·-‡‰ ¯„Ò
‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 162
.Û¯Ú¤Ÿ eÈM˜¦ ¦ .e¯¯ˆ § © ¨ .erLt
§ © ¨ .eÈÂr
¦ ¨ .e¯¯Ò§ © ¨ .eˆ‡
§ © ¦ .e„¯Ó̈
§©
:erzrz
§ ¨ § ¦ .eÈrz ¦ ¨ .e·rz
§ © ¦ .e˙ÁL§ © ¦ .erL¯ §© ¨
Ïr© ˜Ècˆ
¦ © ‰z‡ ¨ ¨ Ÿ Â᧠ÌÈ·Bh‰
¨ © Â⧠:eϨ ‰ÂL-‡Ï ¦ © EÈËtLn
¤ ¨ § ¦ Óe ¤ Ÿ § ¦ ¦ Epx§ q
ঠEÈ˙ˆnÓ ©1
:erL¯§ ¨ § ‰1¦ eÁ‡Â§ © £ © ˙ÈNr ¨ ¦ ¨ ˙Ó‡-Èk ¤ ¡ ¦ ,eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ‡a‰-Ïk ¨© ¨
eaÏ¥ ¦ ‰Â¨cä¨ .NBNÓ¨ epnÓ ¤ ¦ ‰Ï¨ bã̈ .¯Bc-ÏkÓ ¨ ¦ eLa § Ÿ .Ìr-ÏkÓ ¨ ¨ ¦ EpnW` § © ¨
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa¥ Ïe·Êå§ .e¯‡t
.eLc˜Ó ¥ ¥ § Ú¯Ù © § ¦ § .eÈee‡¥ ¦ ÏaÁ‰ © § ª .eȇËÁa ¥ ¨£©
eÁk¥ Ÿ .ÌȯÊÏ ¦ ¨ § e˙Ó„‡ ¥ ¨ § © ÈÙBÈ ¦ .‰nLÏ ¨ © § ‰˙ȉ ¨ § ¨ e˙¯È ¥ ¨ Ëæ¦ .eÈÂra ¥Ÿ £ © ·¯Á ©¨
:ÌȯÎÏ ¦ § ¨§
¯ÓBÏ© ,et¯r¥ § ¨ ‰L˜ ¤ § © § eÈt ¥ ¨ ÊÈr ¦ ¨ Cȉ¥ .e˙eÚhÓ ¥ ¨ ¦ e·L § © ‡Ï Ÿ oicÓe¦ ©£©
Ÿ
‡Ï§ eÁ‡ § © £ ÌȘÈcˆ ¦ ¦ © ,eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £ ȉχ Ÿ
¥ ¥ eȉχ Ÿ
¥ ¡ ‰Â‰È Ÿ
¨ § EÈÙÏ ¤¨§
:e‡Ë¨ Á1̈ eÈ˙B·‡Â ¥ £ © eÁ‡ § © £ Ï·¨ ‡£ç ,e‡ËÁ ¨¨
.eÈÏr ¥ ¨ Ìlr ¨ ª e˙ § ¨ .epnÓ ¤ ¦ ˯BÓÓe ¨ § CMÓ ¨ ª Óè§ .eÏÓr ¥ ¨ £ e˜Lr § ¨ EpipiÓl ¥ ¥§
.Ì„iÓ Ôȇ ˜¯t
¨ ¨ ¦ ¥ ¥Ÿ
é .e· eÏLÓ ÌÈ„·ré .eÓÎL Ir eÏ·Ò
¨ § ¨ ¦ ¨ £ ¥ § ¦ © § © ¨
¥Ÿ £ © epnÓ
.eÈÂra ¤ ¦ z˜Á¯ ¨ § © ¨ .eȉG‡ ¥ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Ee‡¯˜ ¨ § .ee··Ò ¨ § ˙Ba¯© ˙B¯ˆ¨
:e„·‡Â
§ ¨ ¨ § eÈrz ¦ ¨ .EȯÁ‡Ó ¤ £ © ¥ e·§ L ©ë
ew ¥ © :Èw
¦ ¥ © ˙B¯zÒpÓ ¨ § ¦ ¦ ,ÔÈ·È-ÈÓ¦ ¨ ¦ ˙B‡È‚¦ L §ì ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ¯Ó‡ © ¨ E˜„ˆ § § ¦ giWn© ¦ §
,eÈ˙B‡ÓË-ÏkÓ
¥ § ª ¨ ¦ e¯‰ËÂ
¥ £ © § eÈrLt-IkÓ ¥¨ § ¨ ¦ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È
eȉχ ¨Ÿ §
¦ § © ¨î§ ,E‡È·
Èz˜¯Ê ¤ ¦ § „È-Ïr © © ·e˙kk ¨ © ,e¯‰Ë ¥ £ © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © eÈIr ¥ ¨ ˜B¯Êe§
ÌÎÈÏeJb-ÏkÓe
¤ ¥ ¦ ¨ ¦ ÌÎÈ˙B‡ÓË ¤ ¥ § ª IŸkÓ¦ ,Ìz¯‰Ëe ¤ § © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © ÌÎÈÏr ¤ ¥£
:ÌÎ˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ¯‰Ë‡ ¥ ©£
,ÚÓLe ¨ § Eʇ § § ¨ | ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰ñ© ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ÚeL © ¦ ˙B„eÓÁ-LÈ £ ‡ð¦ l`Ipc ¥¦ ¨
EÓL § ¦ ‡¯˜-¯L‡ ¨ § ¦ ¤ £ ¯Èr‰Â ¦ ¨ § ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ‰‡¯e ¥ § EÈÈr ¤ ¥ Á˜t ©§
,EÈÙϤ ¨ § eÈeÁz ¥ £ © ÌÈÏÈtÓ ¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ïr ¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ | Èk¦ ,‰ÈÏr̈ ¨ ¤
¨Ÿ £ ,‰ÁÏÒ
È„‡ ¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL ¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr ¤ £ © © Èk¦
E¯Èr-Ïr
§ ¦ © ‡¯˜ ¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk
§ ¦ ¦ ,ȉG‡ © ¡ ErÓI § © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ © © § © ,‰Nr ¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰¨ ¦ § ©
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © ©§
‡¯ÊÚ
:‡È „Î ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú („ :‚Ï Ë ‰ÈÓÁ (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÎ ‚Ï ·Âȇ (· :ËÏ ËȘ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (‡ ‡"Â˙
· ,ÊÙ ‡ÓÂÈ (Á :ÂÎ ËÒ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (Ê :‚È Á ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ Ù"Ú ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÈ ‰ ‰Îȇ (‰
ËÈ ÌÈω˙ (Ï :‡È ÂË ‡-χÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (Î :Á Ì˘ ‰Îȇ (È :Ê ÁÈ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ë :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
:ËÈ-ÁÈ Ë Ì˘ (Ò :‡È È Ï‡È„ ( :‰Î ÂÏ Ï‡˜ÊÁÈ (Ó :‚È
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ (1 ˙‚‰‰
·Ù ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 163
Èt
© ¨ ȉχ© Ÿ ¡ Ìȯ‰Ï ¦ ¨ § ÈzÓÏÎ ¦ § Ÿ ,ȉÏ
¦ § © § ¦ § ÈzLa © Ÿ ‡¡à ,EÈÙϤ ¨ § ¯Ó‡ © ¨ ¯ÙBq‰ ¥ © `xfÓ ¨§ ¤
„r© ‰Ï„‚ ¨ § ¨ e˙ÓL‡Â¥ ¨ § © § L‡¯ Ÿ ‰IrÓÏ ¨ § © § e·¯ « ¨ eÈ˙Âr ¥ Ÿ Ÿ £ Èk¦ EÈχ ¤ ¥
Ÿ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
‡Ï ¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡-C¯‡ ¦ © © ¤ ¤ ÌeÁ¯Â © § ÔepÁ© ˙BÁÈÏÒ ¦ § dBI‡© ¡ ‰z‡ ¨ © Â᧠:ÌÈÓMÏ
¦¨ ¨©
e¯ˆBÈ
¥ § eÁÈÊz ¥ ¦ § © χ © § ,e‡¯Ba
¥ § eLhz ¥ § ¦ χ © § eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ e·Êrz ¥ § © © χ© :Ìz·Êr ¨ § ©£
¯·c‰-˙‡
¨ ¨ © ¤ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eϨ Ìi˜Â ¥ Ÿ © § ‰Ïk
¤ © § ,eÈ˙‡hÁk ¨ ¨ enr ¨ ¦ Nrz © © χ ©§
̉‰¥ ¨ ÌÈÓi ¦ ¨aâ© ,¯eÓ‡k ¨ ¨ .CÊBÁ ¨ e‰ÈÓ¯È
¨ § § ¦ È„È-Ïr
¥ § © ‰Ia˜a ¨ ¨ © § ezÁË·‰L ¨ § © § ¦ ¤
Ÿ © ¤ § epȇÂ
˙‡hÁ-˙‡Â ¤ ¥ § χ¯NÈ Ÿ £ ¤ Lw·È
¥ ¨ § ¦ ÔÂr-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ª § ‡È‰‰
© ª § ‰Â‰È-̇ ¦ © ˙r·e ¥¨
È·r¯
¥ ¥ § E˙IÁ § ¨ £ © § En§ rã© :¯È‡L‡ ¦ § © ¯L‡I ¤ £ © ÁIÒ‡ © § ¤ Èk¦ ‰‡ˆn˙ ¨ ¤ ¨ ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ § ‰„e‰È
¨ §
¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È
eȉχ ¨Ÿ Ï©ä Èk¦ eÚ„È § ¥ § e¯ÈkÈ ¦ © .ErLÈ ¤ § ¦ È·‡z ¥ ¥ § EcÒÁ ¤ § © ȇӈ ¥ ¥ § E·eË §
:˙BÁÈÏq‰Â
¦ § © § ÌÈÓÁ¯‰̈ ¦ £ ©

‰Nr¥ £ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èæ§ . EÓL ¤ § ‡¯˜ ¨ § ¦ ea¨ . EÓL ¤ § ÔepÁ©å χ¥ . EÓL ¤ § ÌeÁ¯å© l`¥
. E˙ȯa
¤ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ EzÓ‡. 1¤ ¦ £ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ ©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ E˙c . ¤ ¨ ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ Ez¯‡Ù˙ ¤ § © § ¦ § EÏ„b § § ¨ ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £
ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E¯ÎÊ ¤ § ¦ ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„eÚ ¤ ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„B‰ ¤
ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ E„eÁÈ. ¤ ¦ ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ E·eË . ¤ ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ EcÒÁ . ¤§ ©
ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙eÎÏÓ ¤ § © ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„enÏ ¤ ¦ ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„B·k ¤ §
. E¯‡t¤ ¥ § ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . Efr ¤ ª ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„BÒ ¤ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EÁˆ ¤§¦
EÈÓÁ¯¤ £ © ÔrÓI© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E˙M„˜ ¤ ¨ ª § ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E˙˜„ˆ ¤ ¨ § ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
‰Nr¥ £ . E˙l‰z ¤ ¨ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙ÈÎL ¤ ¨ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ ©¨
. ·˜rÈÂ
Ÿ £ © § ˜ÁˆÈ ¨ § ¦ ̉¯·‡ ¨ ¨ § © ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ ¯Ùr . ¨ ¨ ÈÎB ¥§ L ç EÈ·‰B‡¤£ ÔrÓI
©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ ‰ÓÏLe Ÿ Ÿ § „Âc ¦ ¨ ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ Ô¯‰‡Â Ÿ £ © § ‰LÓ ¤ Ÿ ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £
‰Nr¥ £ . E„B·k ¤ § ÔkL © § Óé¦ ÔBiˆ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EL„˜ ¤ § ¨ ¯Èr¦ ÌÏLe ¦© ¨ ¯È è§
‰Nr .
¥ £ EÁaÊÓ ¤ § § ¦ ˙eÒȯ‰ ¦ £ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ EÏÎȉ. ¤ ¨ ¥ ˙BÓÓL § ¦ ÔrÓÏ ©©§
. E„eÁÈ
¤ ¦ Ïr© ÌÈÁe·Ë ¦ § ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EL„˜ ¤ § ¨ ÌL ¥ Ïr© ÌÈ‚e¯‰ ¦ £ ÔrÓI ©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EÓL ¤ § Lec˜¦ Ïr© ÌÈn·e ¦ © © L‡· ¥ ¨ ȇa ¥ ¨ ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £
. eÚLÙ § ¨ ‡lL Ÿ ¤ ·IÁ ¥ bì§ ÔrÓÏ
¨ ¨ ÈÏeÓ © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ e‡ËÁ § ¨ ‡lL Ÿ ¤ ÌÈ„L ¦ © ¨ Ș¥ BÈ ë§
‰˘Ú

:(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë Ë Ï‡È„ (‰ :ÂÎ Ë Ìȯ·„ („ :Î  ‰ÈÓ¯È (‚ :ÊÈ Ë ‰ÈÓÁ (· :Â Ë ‡¯ÊÚ (‡ ‡"Â˙


ÌÈω˙ (È :„Î .ÊË Ì˘ χÈ„ Ù"Ú (Ë :ËÈ ÂÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È (Á :Ê „È ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ê : „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (Â
:Ë ÁÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ï :ÊË · χÂÈ Ù"Ú (Î :Á ÂÎ
.ÌÏÂη ÔΠ,C˙ȯa » ƒ ¬ ÔÚÓÏ :„ÈÓ˙ ¯Ó‡ ,˙ÂÁÈÏÒ· ¯Â·Èˆ ÁÈÏ˘Î È·¯‰ (1 ˙‚‰‰
» ƒ¿ .CzÈÓ‡
‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 164
‡ÏŸ ̇¦ ErÓÏ § © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . Ôa¯ ¨ © ˙Èa¥ ÏL ¤ ˙B˜BÈzঠÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
:erÈLB‰Â
¥ ¦ § ErÓÏ § © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . erÓÏ ¥£ © §
¥ £ . er
er ¥ £ eÈ·¦ ‡â̈ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Epp¥1 Ó £á
er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ eL¯Bc ¥ § er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ eχB ¥ £ bä er ¥ £ er. ¥ £ e‡¯B ¥ § aã
:er ¥ £ ÔÓ‡p‰¨ ¡ ¤ © χ¥ ‰å̈
:er¥ £ Ìi˜Â ¨ © § ÈÁç© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ¯LÈ ¨ ¨ § CÊ©æ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ § ˜È˙ ¦ ¨ EppÓ
¥£
ÌÈÒrk ¦ ¨ § L·B ¥ kë er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ¯ˆÈ ¤ ¤ r„B © ¥ Èé er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ·ÈËÓe ¦ ¥ ·BËè EppÓ ¥£
ÌÈÎIn‰¦ ¨ § © ÈÎÏÓ ¥ § © CI¤ Óî¤ er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § L·B ¥ Ïì er ¥ £ er. ¥£
:er ¥£
˙ra ¥ § ‰B ¤ Úò er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÏÁBÓe ¥ ÁÏBÒ
© ¥ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ·bN ñ¦ § ‡¯B¨ ð EppÓ
¨ § Â ¥£
:er¥ £ ¯LÈ ¨ ¨ § ˜Èc¦ ˆô© er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ÏÈvÓe ¦ © ‰„B ¤ tò er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ‰¯ˆ ¨¨
C¯÷© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÒBÚÎÏ § ¦ ‰L ¤ ˜÷¨ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ Âȇ¯B˜Ï ¨ § § ·B¯˜ö̈ EppÓ ¥£
:er ¥ £ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯ø© er ¥ £ er. ¥ £ ˙Bv¯I ©§
¥ £ . er
er ¥ £ ÌÈÓÈÓz ¦ ¦ § CÓBz ¥ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÌÈBÈ·‡-χ
¦ § ¤ ¤ rÓB ©¥ L ù EppÓ¥£
„Á© tá© er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ̉¯·‡ ¨ ¨ § © È‰Ï ¥ Ÿ ‡¡à er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £ È‰Ï ¥ Ÿ ‡¡ú
. er¥ £ ÌÈË·M‰ ¦ ¨ § © ˙¯Êr © § ¤ er ¥ £ er. ¥ £ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ¯È·¦ ‡£â er ¥ £ er. ¥ £ ˜ÁˆÈ¨ §¦
È·¦ ‡£ä er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÔBˆ¯¨ ˙ra ¥ § ‰B ¤ Úã er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ˙B‰n‡ ¨ ¦ ·bNÓ © § ¦ er ¥£
:er¥ £ ˙BÓχ ¨ § © Ôi©cä© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÌÈÓB˙È ¦ §
¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ
‰rL ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰i¯Bn‰ ¨ ¦ © ¯‰a © § eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ ̉¯·‡Ï ¨ ¨ § © § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ inå¦
¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓæ¦ . erÈ
‰rL ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÁaÊn‰ © ¥ § ¦ © Èab-Ir ¥ © © „˜rpLk © ¡ ¤ ¤ § Ba§ ˜ÁˆÈI ¨ § ¦§
ÌȯeÒ‡‰¦ £ ¨ ˙È·a ¥ § ÛÒBÈÏ ¥ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ I‡¥ ˙È·a ¥ § ·˜rÈÏ Ÿ £©§
. erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÛeÒ-ÌÈ-Ir © © eÈ˙B·‡Ï ¥ £ © ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓå¦ . erÈ¥ £ © ‡e‰
ÈÓ
‰ÈÚ˘È (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÏ ÁÈ ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ (· :È·Ï ‰"„ È"˘¯ ‡ ,ÊÈ ˙Âί· ‰‡¯Â .· ,‚Ï ˙·˘ (Ï ‡"Â˙
ÊΠ χÈ„ (Á : Á ·Âȇ Ù"Ú (Ê :Ë Ê Ìȯ·„ ( :„ ÊÓ Ì˘ (‰ :‡ ‚Ó Ì˘ Ù"Ú („ :ÊË ‚Ò
Ù"Ú (Ï :‡ ,Ê ˙Âί· ‰‡¯ (Î :„È ‚˜ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÁÒ ËȘ ÌÈω˙ (Ë :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
˙Âί· ÈÓÏ˘Â¯È (Ú :‰ ‚Ï ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ò :‡Î Ê Ìȯ·„ Ù"Ú ( :‡ ,‚ ˙·‡ (Ó :ÊÈ Ë ‰ÈÚ˘È
: „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (¯ :‡È ,‰ ˙·‡ Ù"Ú (˜ :ÁÈ ‰Ó˜ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (ˆ :„ ·Ï Ìȯ·„ (Ù :‚ ,„
ËÓ Ì˘ (‚ :·Ó ‡Ï Ì˘ Ù"Ú (· :„Î ÂÎ ˙È˘‡¯· (‡ :Ê ÂÎ Ìȯ·„ (˙ :„Ï ËÒ ÌÈω˙ (˘
:‡È ,· ‰·¯ Ìȯ·„ (Ê :‡ ,ÂË ˙ÈÚ˙ Ù"Ú ( : ÁÒ ÌÈω˙ (‰ :Á ËÓ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú („ :„Î
,ȯ˘˙-ÏÂχ ,'„"·Á È‚‰Ó ¯ˆÂ‡' ‰‡¯) ˙‡˜ÒÙ‰ ÈÓÂÈÒ· ÂϘ ı"˘‰ ‰È·‚Ó ÂÚ ˙¯ÈÓ‡· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ÁÎ 'ÓÚ
‚Ù ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 165
‰zÁna¨ § © © Ô¯‰‡ÏŸ £ © § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ·¯BÁa ¥ § ‰LÓÏ ¤ Ÿ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓà¦
. erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰„r‰ ¨ ¥ ¨ CBzÓ¦ BÓe˜a§ ÒÁÈÙÏ ¨ § ¦ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓᦠ. erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰
χeÓLÏ
¥ § ¦ ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ⦠erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÏbÏba ¨ § ¦ © rLB‰ÈÏ
©ª ¦ ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓâ¦
‡e‰ ÌÏLe¯Èa ¦¨ ¨ ¦ B·§ ‰ÓÏLe Ÿ Ÿ § „Â„Ï ¦ ¨ § ‰rL¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ⦠erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰tˆna ¨§ ¦ ©
‰rL¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ㦠. erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÏÓ¯k‰ ¤ § © © ¯‰a © § e‰iÏ‡Ï ¨ ¦ ¥ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ⦠. erÈ ¥£©
‡e‰ ‰‚c‰ ¨ ¨ © ÈrÓa ¥ § ¦ ‰BÈÏ ¨ § ‰rL .
¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ⦠erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ BÁȯÈa ¦ ¦ ÚLÈχI ¨ ¦ ¡¤
ÈÓå¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ BÈÏÁa § ¨ § ‰„e‰È ¨ § CÏÓ ¤ ¤ e‰i˜ÊÁÏ ¨ ¦ § ¦ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓä¦ . erÈ ¥£©
. erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ L‡‰ ¥ ¨ ÔL·k¨ § ¦ CB˙a§ ‰È¯Êr ¨ § © £ © I‡LÈÓ ¥ ¨ ¦ ‰ÈÁÏ ¨ § © £ © ‰rL ¨¨ ¤
ÈÎc¯ÓÏ
© § § ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ erÈ. ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ˙Bȯ‡ ¨ £ ·B‚a§ χi„I ¥ ¦ ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓæ¦
‰ÏBba
¨ © ‡¯ÊrÏ ¨ § ¤ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰¯Èa‰ ¨ ¦ © ÔLeLa© § ¯z҇ ¥§ ¤§
ÌÈÓÈÓz‰Â
¦ ¦ § © § ÌÈ„ÈÒÁ‰Â ¦ ¦ £ © § ÌȘÈcv‰-ÏÎÏ
¦ ¦ © © ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰
:erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÌȯLȉ ¦¨ §©§
¨ ¨ © § ÂÓÁ¯
Ì„‡-„È·e ¨ £ © ÌÈa¯-Èk¦ © ¦ ‰Â‰È-„È·
¨Ÿ § © § ‡p-‰Ït
¨ ¨ § ¦ „‡Ó Ÿ § ÈÏ-¯ˆ
¦ © „b-χ¨ ¤ „Âc ¦ ¨ xn`I¤ Ÿ eç©
¨Ÿ ¤ ©
:‰Ït‡-χ
(̉ÈÙ ÏÚ ÌÈÏÙÂ Ôȇ)
Ïa˜Â¥ © § ÈÏr © ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ © ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © ‡Ï¥ Óé̈ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § .EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § È˙‡ËÁ ¦ ¨ ¨ ÔepÁ © § mEgxè©
ÈpÁ
¦ ¥ ¨ :È¯qÈ˙
¦ ¥ § © § E˙ÓÁa-I‡Â
§ ¨ £ © © § ÈÁÈÎB˙ ¦¥ ¦ Et‡a-I‡
§ © § © ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èë§ :ÈeÁz
¨ £ ©
‰Ï‰·
¨ £ § ¦ ÈLÙ ¦ § © § :ÈÓˆr ¨ ¨ £ eω· £ § ¦ Èk¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È‡Ù¯ ¦ ¥ ¨ § È‡ ¦ ¨ ÏÏÓ‡ © § ª Èk¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ §
ÔrÓI
© © § ÈrÈLB‰¦¥ ¦ ÈLÙ
¦ § © ‰ˆlÁ ¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰·eL ¨ :È˙Ó-„r
¨ ¨ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰z‡Â Ÿ §
¨ © § „‡Ó
,È˙Á‡a
¦ ¨ § © § | Èzr‚È ¦ § © ¨ :Cl-‰„BÈ
¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ IB‡La § ¦ E¯ÎÊ ¤ § ¦ ˙Âna ¤ ¨ © Ôȇ¥ Èk¦ :EcÒÁ ¤§ ©
ÈÈr
¦ ¥ ÒrkÓ © © ¦ ‰LLr ¨ § ¨ :‰ÒÓ‡ ¤ § © ÈN¯r ¦ § © È˙rÓ„a ¦ ¨ § ¦ § È˙hÓ ¦ ¨ ¦ ‰ÏÈI-Ïη ¨ § © ¨ § ‰ÁN‡ ¤ § ©
:ÈÈÎa
¦ § ¦ ÏB˜ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÚÓL-Èk
© ¨ ¦ Ô‡ ¥ £ Ÿ ¨ ÈpnÓ
¤ ¨ ÈÏrt-Ïk ¦ ¤ ¦ e¯eÒ :ȯ¯Bˆ-ÏÎa ¨ § ¨ § ‰˜˙r̈
¨ §
¨ §Ÿ
ȷȇ-Ïk ¨ „‡Ó Ÿ § eωaÈ £ ¨ ¦ § | eL·È Ÿ ¥ :ÁwÈ ¨ ¦ È˙lÙz ¦ ¨ ¦ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È˙pÁz ¦ ¨ ¦ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÚÓL̈
©
:Ú‚¯ © ¨ eL·È Ÿ ¥ e·LÈ̈ ª
„k© ‡¯a ¨ § .‡ÓÏr ¨ § ¨ ÈiÁÏ ¥ © § ÏB‡L § ÔÓ¦ ˜ÈqÓ ¦ © .‰iÁÓe ¤ © § ˙ÈÓ¦ Óì¥ ,ÈqÓe ¥ © ign ¥ ©
„ȯӄ ¦ ¨ § ‡c·r ¨ § © :dÈ·‡ÎÏ ¥ ¥ § ¦ Èq‡ ¥ © ÒÈÁ„ ¦ ¨ § ȉe·‡ ¦ £ .dÈ˜Ï ¥ § © ȉe·‡ ¦ £ ÈËÁ̈ ¥
ÔÈËÁÂ
¨ ¦ ¨ § Ô‡ ¨ £ C¯Îea ¨§ C¯¨ aî§ :dȯÏB˜ ¥¨ ¯Èa˙ ¦ © § ·È‡z ¦ ¨ dÈ¯Ó ¥ ¨ .¯ÏB˜a¨ § ˜ÈÙ ¦¨
‡‰¨ .Cn˜ ¨ © Ô„B¯Óe
¨ ¨ § Ô‡ ¨ £ Cc·r ¨ § © .Ôȯ¯Ó ¦ ¨ § ÔÈ„È‚a ¦ ¦ § ÔÈLÙ ¦ § © ȯ ¥ ¨ ‡‰¨ .Cn˜ ¨ ©
‡˙Ê··
· ·-ÌÈÎÏÓ („ :‡ ,ÂË ˙ÈÚ˙ Ù"Ú (‚ :· ,·Ù Ôȯ„‰Ò ‰‡¯ (· :ËÈ Ë Ìȯ·„ ‰‡¯ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:„È „Î ·-χÂÓ˘ (Á :‰Î-ÊÈ Â Ì˘ (Ê :ÊÎ-ÂÎ ‚ χÈ„ ‰‡¯ ( :È-· Î Ì˘ (‰ :·Î-‡Î
Ì‚¯˙ (Ó : · ‡-χÂÓ˘ (Ï :‡È-·  ÌÈω˙ (Î :‰ ,‡ ˙Âί· ÈÓÏ˘Â¯È (È : „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ë
:·Î „ ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"‰Ú Ô˙ÂÈ
‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 166
.ÔÈLÈÙc
¦ ¦ § ¦ CÓÁ¯a ¨ £ © § CpÓ ¨ ¦ eËÓa ¨ § .‡˙eȘÏÓa ¨ ¦ § © § ‡‰¨ .‡È·La ¨ § ¦ § ‡‰¨ .‡˙Ê·a ¨§¦ §
:‡È·Ma
¨ § ¦ © ‡¯ÈÓb ¨ ¦ § ȉ ¥ ¡ ¤ ‡Ïc ¨ § „r© .ÔÏr ¨ £ ÛB˜˙c § ¦ ÔÈ·‡ÎϦ ¥ § ¦ Èq‡ ¥ ©
ÈrÈÓLÓ
¥ ¦ § © :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ Ïr© aà© ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .eÈÓÁ¯ ¥ £ © eÒÈΉ ¦ § © .ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © iqipkn
¥ ¦§ ©
ÈrÈÓLÓ
¥ ¦ § © :‰lÙz ¨ ¦ § rÓB ©¥ L á ÈÙI¥ § ¦ .e˙lÙz ¥ ¨ ¦ § eÚÈÓL‰ ¦ § © .‰lÙz ¨ ¦ §
eÒÈΉ ¦ § © .‰rÓ„ ¨ § ¦ ÈÒÈÎÓ
¥ ¦ § © :‰˜rˆ ¨ ¨ § rÓB © ¥ Lâ ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .e˙˜rˆ ¥ ¨ £ © eÚÈÓL‰ ¦ § © .‰˜rˆ¨¨§
‰pÁz¨ ¦ § ea¯‰Â § © § eÏczL‰ § © § ¦ :˙BÚÓ„a ¨ § ¦ ‰v¯˙Ó ¤ © § ¦ CIÓ ¤ ¤ ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ eÈ˙BÚÓ„¥ § ¦
ÂÈÙÏ
¨ ¨ § eÚÈÓL‰ ¦ § © .ÂÈÙI ¨ ¨ § e¯Èkʉ ¦ § © :‡O ¨ ¦ § ̯㨠χ¥ CÏÓ ¤ ¤ ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .‰Lw·e
¨ ¨©
‰iÁÈÂ
¤ © ¦ Ì˙·‰‡ ¨ ¨ £ © ¯BkÊȧ ¦ .¯Ùr ¨ ¨ ÈÎB ¥ § Lå ÏL ¤ ÌÈ·BË ¦ ÌÈNrÓe¦ £ © ‰¯B¨ zä
‰È‰ ¨ ¨ ÔÓ‡ ¨ ¡ ¤ ‰rB ¤ ¯ç Ô‡ˆ Ÿ Èk¦ .·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ˙ȯ‡ ¦¥L §æ „·‡˙ © Ÿ ‡HL ¤ Ìr¯Ê ¨ §©
.erLÈ ¥ Ÿ ¡ er
¥ § ¦ ȉχ ¥ £ ¯‰Ó ¥ © .‰ÈLI¨ ¦ § ¦ § ÏL ë̈ § „Á‡
¨ ÓÏ ¨ ¤ ÈBbé χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ .‰t¯ è¤ §
¨ § ÁI
ÁÈLÓ
© ¦ § ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯a ¤ £ © § ‰rÈLB‰Â ¨ ¦ § ˙BL˜¨ ˙B¯Êb-IkÓ ¥ § ¨ ¦ e„Ùe ¥§
:Cnr ¨ © § C˜„ˆ ¨ §¦
ÔB‰lk § ª .dÈe·LÏ
¥ § ¦ ÔpÁ˙Ó„ ¥ © § ¦ § .‡È·L ¨ § ¦ ¯·k © § .ÔpÁ˙Ó
¨ ¥ © § ¦ CϨ .‡iÓL·c ¨ © § ¦ § oxn ¨¨
.ÈeÁ˙·e
¥ £ © § ÈÓÁ¯a ¥ £ © § χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ Cnr ¨ © § .ÔȘ¯t˙Ó¦ § ¨ § ¦ ‡tÒÎa ¨ § © § .‡È·L ¨ § ¦ Èa¥§
:CÓ„˜¨ ¨ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ̘ȯ ¨ ¥ ¯c‰ © § ¤ ‡Ic ¨ § ÔÈ˙eÚ·e ¦ ¨ ÔÈzI‡L ¦ § ¦ § ÔϨ ·‰©
Ô‡
¨ £ ȘÈLr¥ ¦ £ .dȯÓÏ ¥ ¨ § ÔpÁ˙Óc
¥ © § ¦ § ‡c·rk ¨ § © § .ÔpÁ˙Ó ¨ ¥ © § ¦ CϨ .‡iÓL·c ¨ © § ¦ § oxn ¨¨
˙ÈI¥ ‡ÏÈÁ ¨ ¥ .ÔÈLÈÙ„ ¦ ¦ § ¦ ÔÈ˙˜rÓ ¦ § © ¥ ÔÈLÙ ¦ § © ÔÈ¯È¯Ó ¦ ¦ § .ÔȯL ¨ ¦ ¨ ‡ÎBLÁ·e ¨ £©
:‡˙‰·‡
¨ ¨ ¨ § © Ìr¦ z¯Ê‚c ¨ § © § ¦ ‡Ói˜ ¨ ¨ © IÈ„a ¦ § „È·r ¦ £ .Ô¯Ó ¨ ¨ CÈev¯Ï
¨ © § Ôä

,χ¯NÈ © Ÿ χÂ
¥ ¨ § ¦ „·‡È © § ,χ¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙ȯ‡ ¦¥L î§ ¯BÓL§ ,χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ xnF
¥ Wì
:χ¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ÚÓ© L §ð ÌȯÓB‡‰
¦§ ¨
,„Á‡ © Ÿ χÂ
¨ ¤ ÈBb „·‡È ¨ ¤ rñ© ˙ȯ‡L
© § ,„Á‡-Ì ¦ ¥ § ¯BÓL ¨ ¤ ÈBbé xnFW
§ ,„Á‡ ¥
:„Á‡¨ ¤ | ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ,eȉχ
¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â¨Ÿ‰È ð § ,EÓL§ ¦ ÌÈ„ÁÈÓ‰
¦£© § ©
© Ÿ χÂ
ÈBb „·‡È © § ,LB„˜¨ Ìrô© ˙ȯ‡L ¦ ¥ § ¯BÓL § ,LB„˜¨ ÈBbò xnFW ¥
:LB„˜Ï ¨ § ˙BM„˜ ª § LÏLaŸ ¨ § ÌÈLlLÓ‰ ¦ § © § © ,LB„˜¨
,Èr
¦ ¨ ¯B„ϧ Òit˙‰Â
¥ © § ¦ § ‰v¯˙‰
¤ © § ¦ ,ÌÈeÁ˙a
¦ £ © § Òit˙Óe
¥ © § ¦ ,ÌÈÓÁ¯a
¦ £ ©§ dSxzn
¤ ©§ ¦
:¯ÊBÚ
¥ Ôȇ¥ Èk¦
ÂÈ·‡
˙·‡ Ù"Ú (‰ :ÂË Ê ‰ÈÚ˘È („ :‡ ,ÂË ˙ÈÚ˙ (‚ :· ,ÁÎ ˙Âί· (· :ÂË ,Ê ‰·¯ ˙ω˜ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:Ë „Î ‰ÈÓ¯È Ù"Ú (Ë :‚È ,Ê ‰·¯ ¯˙Ò‡ (Á :Ê ‰ ‰ÎÈÓ (Ê :ËÈ ÂÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È ( :Ë ,Â
:„  Ìȯ·„ ( : ‡Ï ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ó :„ ‡Î˜ ÌÈω˙ (Ï :Ì˘ ‰ÈÓ¯È (Î :‚Î Ê ·-χÂÓ˘ (È
:Â Ê Ìȯ·„ (Ù : ËÈ ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (Ú :Á ‚ ¯˙Ò‡ (Ò
„Ù ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ·¯ÚÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 167
:‰z‡ ¨ ¨ ‡l‡
¨ ¤ CÏÓ ¤ ¤ eϨ Ôȇ¥ ekÏÓ ¥ § © eÈ·¦ ‡á̈ :‰z‡¨ ¨ eÈ·‡ ¥ § © Epia¦ `à̈
¦ ¨ ekÏÓ
ea¨ Ôȇ¥ Èk¦ erÂ¥ £ © epÁ
¥ ¨ ekÏÓ
¥ § © eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ :eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ § © eÈ·¦ ‡à̈
¥ © ekÏÓ
:erÈLB‰Â
¥ ¦ § ÏB„b‰ ¨ © EÓL § ¦ ÔrÓÏ
© © § „ÒÁ¤ ¤ ¨ ‰˜„ˆ
¨ ¨ § enr
¨ ¦ ‰Nr ¥ £ ÌÈNrÓ ¦ £©

EÈÓÁ¯¤ £ © ¯Î Ÿ Ê㧠:eÈÈr ¥ ¥ EÈÏr ¤ ¨ Èk¦ ,‰Nrp-‰Ó¤ £ © © Ú„ © ¥ ‡ÏŸ Epgp` § © £ e©â
¨Ÿ § EcÒÁ-ȉ
‰Â‰È § § © ¦ Èä§ :‰n‰ ¨ ¥ ÌÏBÚÓ ¨ ¥ Èk¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁ ¨Ÿ §
¤ ¨ £ © ‰Â‰È
,ÌÈBL‡¯
¦ ¦ ˙BÂr Ÿ £ eI-¯kÊz-Ï
¨ ¨ § ¦ ‡©å :CϨ eIÁÈ § © ¦ ¯L‡k
¤ £ © ,eÈÏr ¥¨
,epÁ
¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ep¥ Áæ̈ :„‡Ó Ÿ § eBl„© Èk¦ ,EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © eeÓc˜È § © § ¯‰Ó¥ ©
:¯BkÊ˙ § ¦ ‰„˜r ¨ ¥ £ Ê‚¯a ¤Ÿ § :¯BkÊz § ¦ ÌÁ¯ ¤Ÿ aç§ :Êe· er·N
¥ © Ê‚¯ § © ¨ ·¯-Èk © ¦
,‰rÈLB‰
¨ ¦ ‰Â‰¨Ÿ Èè§ :¯BkÊ˙ § ¦ ‰·‰‡ ¤Ÿ § :¯BkÊz
¨ £ © Ê‚¯a § ¦ ˙BÓÈÓz ¤Ÿ §
¦ § Ê‚¯a
¯Ùr-Èk
¨ ¨ ¦ ¯eÎʨ ,e¯ˆÈ ¥ § ¦ Ú„È © ¨ ‡e‰-Èké¦ :e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ
¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ ©
eIÈv‰Â
¥ ¦ © § ,EÓL-„B·k
¤ § § ¯·c-Ïr
© § © erLÈ ¥ § ¦ ȉG‡¥ ¡ | e¯¥ Êr ë§ ¨ :eÁ‡
§ ¨£
:EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ ¥ Ÿ © © ¯tÎÂ
© © § eÈ˙‡hÁ-Ïr ¥©§
CÈÏÓÈÂ
¦ § © § d˙eÚ¯Î
¥ § ¦ ‡¯· ¨ § Èc¦ ‡ÓÏra¨ § ¨ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡a¯¨ © dÓL © © § ¦ § lCBz
¥ § Lc˜˙ÈÂ © © § i1¦
ÔBÎÈiÁa¥ © § :ÔÓ‡ .dÁÈLÓ ¥ ¦ § ·¯˜È ¥ ¨ ¦ d˜¯et¥¨ § ÁÓˆÈÂ
© § © § ,d˙eÎIÓ ¥ § ©
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,·È¯˜ ¦ ¨ ÔÓÊ·e© § ¦ ‡I‚ra¨ ¨ £ © ,I‡¯NÈ¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-I΄
¥ ¨ § ÈiÁ·e ¥ © § ÔBÎÈÓBÈ·e
¥ §
ÁazLÈÂ
© © § ¦ § C¯a˙È ¥ ¨ § ¦ :‡iÓÏr ¨ © § ¨ ÈÓIrÏe¥ § ¨ § ÌÏrÏ © ¨ § C¯·Ó © ¨ § ‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § ‡‰È ¥§
‡L„e˜c
¨ § § dÓL ¥ § Il‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‰lr˙Ȥ © § ¦ § ¯c‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‡O˙ÈÂ
¥ © § ¦ § ÌÓB¯˙ÈÂ
¨ § ¦ § ¯‡t˙ÈÂ
¥ ¨ § ¦§
,‡˙ÓÁÂ
¨ ¨ ¡ ¤ § ‡˙ÁaLz
¨ ¨ § § ª ,‡˙¯ÈL ¨ ¨ ¦ § ‡˙ίa-Ïk
¨ ¨ § ¦ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ‡lrÏ ¨ ¥ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡e‰ Cȯa ¦§
:ÔÓ‡¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,‡ÓIra¨ § ¨ § Ô¯ÈÓ‡c
¨ ¦ £ ©
Èc¦ ÔB‰e·‡£ Ì„˜ ¨ ¢ ,χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-Ï΄ ¥ ¨ § ÔB‰˙eÚ·e § ¨ ÔB‰˙Bψ § § lAwzY ¥© § ¦
ÌÈiÁÂ
¦ © § ‡iÓL
¨ © § ÔÓ¦ ‡a¯ ¨ © ‡ÓÏL ¨ ¨ § ‡‰È ¥ § :ÔÓ‡¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡ § ¦ Â2§ ,‡iÓL·
¨© § ¦
,ÂÈÓB¯Óa
¨ § ¦ ÌBÏL ¨ ‰N ¤3 ŸÚì :ÔÓ‡ ¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,χ¯NÈ-Ïk
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¨ Ïr © § eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ÌÈ·BË
¦
:ÔÓ‡¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,χ¯NÈ-Ïk
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¨ Ir © § eÈÏr¥ ¨ ÌBÏL ¨ ‰NrÈ ¤ £ © ‡e‰

‚Ï Ì˘ (‰ : ‰Î ÌÈω˙ („ :·È Î ·-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ (‚ :· ,‰Î ˙ÈÚ˙ (· :‡ , ˙ÈÚ˙ Û"ȯ (‡ ‡"Â˙


Ì˘ (Î :„È ‚˜ Ì˘ (È :È Î ÌÈω˙ (Ë :· ‚ ˜Â˜·Á (Á :‚ ‚Θ Ì˘ (Ê :Á ËÚ Ì˘ ( :·Î
:· ‰Î ·Âȇ (Ï :Ë ËÚ
,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‰ÁÈ˘Ó ·¯˜È ,‡·¯ ‰Ó˘ ˙·È˙‰ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘È„˜· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ (1 ˙‚‰‰
(¯Ó‡ ˙ˆ˜ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ͯ·˙È . . ‰Ó˘ ‡‰È (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁÂ
ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‡Â‰ Íȯ· ‡˘„˜„ ‰Ó˘ (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) Ïω˙È . . Á·˙˘ÈÂ
.(6 'ÓÚ ,ÌÈ‚‰Ó‰ ¯ÙÒ)
.(Ì˘) ˙ˆ˜Ó· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ Z Ï·˜˙˙ Ï˘ ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú˘· (2
.ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰ ÔÈÓÈÏ Z ‰˘ÂÚ :˘È„˜ Ï˘ ÌÂÏ˘ ‰˘ÂÚ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰Â ˙ÈÈˉ (3
ÚˆÓ‡· Z ÔÓ‡ . . ‡Â‰ ¢‡¯ Û˜ÂÊ ,ÚˆÓ‡· Z ÂÈÓ¯ӷ .ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰ Ï‡Ó˘Ï Z ÌÂÏ˘
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó)
‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ
ÂÙ ‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 171

Z (Ú"ÈÊ ¯"ÂÓ„‡ ˜"Î ·˙ÎÓÓ) Z

dltza e` ,xwead zxeny`a mxn`l m` Ð oke) df meil zegilq xcqa d`xed izrny `l
zegilq zxin`y oeik) a"dae v"z x`yc zegilqd xcqn xcqd cenll yie .(oepgzd xcqa
mihxt dfi`ae .(v"z ezeid iptn Ð z"iyr x`ya zegilq mixne` oi`y el`l Ð `ed b"va
ziaxra ,d"x mcewy zegilqc '` meia oke) a"da ,v"za (` :d"x mcewc zegilqd xcqn mb Ð
v"za :mixne` Ð dhd ,glq ,mgxk miweqtd (a .jln lÎ` t"b mixne` Ð (dlirpae t"kdei
mdilr siqen .o e y ` x d jln lÎ` ixg` wx (dlirpe t"kdeic ziaxra oke) a"daae
.jln lÎ` mixne`y mrt lka mixne` m g x k iweqt xy` ,d"x mcewy zegilqa
oi` Ð jli`e j i n g x x e k f n (c .jln lÎ` mixne` o e n f t ixg` (b
ep`y xcq (d .(eplew rnyl x"di oikneqe oitiqeny d"xr zegilqa caln) miheita oiwiqtn
okle ,(milw miiepiya) "hen`f oiqiix `hil bdpn" t"r `ed d"x iptly zegilqa ea oibdep
.ok bedpl yi 'ilcb mevc zegilqa mb
:xcqd 'idi ,l"pd lk t"re

mixne` oi`) epilnr ewyr epipirl f`n zpn` ixy`


(epryte epryxd jzn`e jxe` yicw ivg
jwcv giyn epngxz aeyz dwcvd 'd jl
zeceng yi` l`ipc qt` m` dltz rney
xteqd `xfr epl glq
daeyz jxc zixed
jny megx lÎ`
jln lÎ` mxh f`
eppr 'd eppr
a` mgxk jingx lr ik
mdxa`l dpry in
xkfz l` mit` jx` lÎ`
cb l` cec xn`ie
jingx xekf e`vnda 'd eyxc
miltep oi`) iz`hg oepge megx
(mdipt lr zyz `p l` a` mgxk
iqne ign `p glq
epxev ep`hg
mingx iqipkn idl` dhd
zea` zixa epl xekf
`iay xak 'ek `inyac oxn e`vnda 'd z`
mipey`x zixa epl xekf
`cark 'ek `inyac oxn jln lÎ`
(* eplew rny
l`xyi xney efere 'd eyxc
epizltz jiptl `az `"e` dhd ,glq ,mgxk
cg` ieb xney
yecw ieb xney epcba epny` iytp dla`
mingxa dvxzn jizevnn epxq jln lÎ`
'ek dz` epia` epkln epia` mr lkn epny` e`vnda 'd eyxc
.y"w ,rcp `l epgp`e epizerhn epay `l oiicre a` mgxk

.llka cr `le epafrz l` cr ,ldwe ofg ,weqt xg` weqt (*

mxne`l oibdepd el` la` ,dltzd xcqa `ly zegilqd mixne`yk `ed df xcq dpde
jl ,w"g ,(1 ixy` :hinydl yi (l`xyi xney mcew Ð 'de 'a meia lgyk) `"tpe r"eny ixg`l
epkln epia` :mixne`e (3 epny` (1 mit` jx` lÎ` ,(2 epl glq ,dltz rney ,dwcvd 'd
.oaenk ,y"w `le y i c w i v g Ð mteqae ,(4 j e x ` d

.dltzd xcqa exn` xaky oeik (1


.f"ceqt xn` ixde Ð (mibdpn .yeal) f"ceqt cbpk epwzp (2
.(g"tq zegilqd xry g"rt) `"t `l` dltz dze`a oicezn oi`e zg` mrt exn` xaky oeik (3
.(`"q a"xzq g"e` r"eyeh) z"iyr lka enk (4

`edy oeik Ð 'ek mxh f` heitd mb xnel oi` dltzd xcqa zegilqd mixne`yk xy` ,l"p :d x r d
.dfl 'i`x cer `vn`y cr ok zexedl ial ip`ln `l la` ,dltzd r v n ` a oipr dfl oi`e d g i z t
.ezltza xn`y `"tp xg`l mxne`l oi`y l"p xy` Ð 'eb oepge megx 'eb cb l` cec xn`ie zxin`l oicd `ede
ÊÙ ‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 173

:‰Ïq ¨ ¤ EeÏÏ‰È § © § „BÚ ,E˙È· ¤ ¥ È·LBÈ ¥ § ix¥ W§1 `©à


Ìr‰¨ ¨ ȯL‡ ¥ § © ,BJ ‰ÎkL ¨ ¨ ¤ Ìr‰ ¨ ¨ ȯL ¥ § ‡©á
EÓÓB¯‡
§ ¦ £ ,„Â„Ï ¦ ¨ § ‰J‰ ¨ ¦ z⧠:ÂȉG‡ ¨ ¡ ‰Â‰ÈL ¨Ÿ § ¤
:„r¤ ¨ ÌIBÚϨ § EÓL § ¦ ‰Î¯·‡Â ¨ § ¨ £ © ,CÏn‰ ¤ ¤ © ȉBI‡ © ¡
ÌÏBÚÏ
¨ § EÓL § ¦ ‰Iω‡Â ¨ § © £ © ,jί·‡ ¨ ¤ § ¨ £ ÌBÈ-IÎa ¨ §
Ôȇ¥ B˙l„‚I¨ ª § ¦ § ,„‡Ó Ÿ § IJ‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„b¨ :„rÂ̈ ¤
¤Ÿ
EÈ˙¯e·‚e § ,EÈNrÓ ¤ £ © ÁaLÈ © © § ¯B„I§ ¯Bc :¯˜Á ¤¥
¤ Ÿ § § ¦ ȯ·„Â
EÈ˙‡ÏÙ ¥ § ¦ § ,E„B‰ ¤ „B·k§ ¯„‰ © £ :e„ÈbÈ ¦©
E˙J„‚e
§ ¨ ª § ,e¯Ó‡È ¥ Ÿ EÈ˙‡¯B ¤ Ÿ § ÊeÊr ¡ ¤ :‰ÁÈN‡ ¨ ¦ ¨
E˙˜„ˆÂ
§ ¨ § ¦ § ,eÚÈaÈ ¦ © E·eË-·¯
§ © ¯ÎÊ ¤ ¤ :‰p¯tÒ‡ ¨¤§ ©£
-I„‚e ¨ § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌeÁ¯Â © § ÔepÁ© :ep¯È ¥ ©§
-Ïk-Ïr
¨ © ÂÈÓÁ¯Â ¨ £ © § ,ÏkI Ÿ © ‰Â‰È-·BË ¨Ÿ § :„ÒÁ̈¤
EÈ„ÈÒÁÂ
¤ ¦ £ © ,EÈNrÓ-Ïk ¤ £ © ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Ee„BÈ :ÂÈNrÓ ¨ £©
E˙¯e·‚e
§ ¨ § ,e¯Ó‡È ¥ Ÿ E˙eÎÏÓ § § © „B·k§ :‰Îeί·È ¨ §¨ §
¨Ÿ
,ÂÈ˙¯e·b § Ì„‡‰ ¨ ¨ ¨ È·Ï ¥ § ¦ | rÈ„B‰Ï © ¦ § :e¯a„È ¥ ©§
˙eÎÏÓ § © ,E˙eÎIÓ § § © :B˙eÎÏÓ § © ¯„‰ © £ „B·Îe §
Ÿ ¨ ¯Bc-IÎa
:¯„ ¨ § EzÏLÓÓe § §© § ¤ ¦ ¨Ÿ
,ÌÈÓÏÚ-Ik̈
-ÏÎI ¨ § Û˜BÊ ¥ § ,ÌÈÏÙp‰-IÎI ¦ § Ÿ © ¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § CÓBÒ ¥
‰z‡Â¨ © § ,e¯aNÈ ¥ © § EÈI‡ ¤ ¥ ÏÎ-ÈÈr Ÿ ¥ ¥ :ÌÈÙeÙk‰ ¦ § ©
,E„È-˙‡
¤ ¨ ¤ Á˙Bt © ¥ :Bzra ¦ § ÌÏ·-˙‡¨ § ¨ ¤ ̉I-Ô˙B ¤¨ ¥
ÚÈ·˘ÓÂ
:ÍÏȇ ‡ ‰Ó˜ Ì˘ (‚ :ÂË „Ó˜ Ì˘ (· :‰ „Ù ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
178 'ÓÚ·˘ ¢¯„ ÔÈÏÈÁ˙Ó Z ÔÂÁ˙ ȯÁ‡ Z ‰ÏÈÙ˙‰ ¯„Ò ÚˆÓ‡· ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ ÌȯÓ‡˘Î (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(171 'ÓÚ ‰‡¯Â Z È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó)
‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 174

-ÏÎa ¨Ÿ § ˜Ècˆ
¨ § ‰Â‰È ¦ © :ÔBˆ¯¨ ÈÁ-ÏÎÏ© ¨ § rÈaNÓe © ¦ § ©
-ÏÎI ¨Ÿ § ·B¯˜¨ :ÂÈNrÓ-ÏÎa
¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨ £ © ¨ § „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ § ,ÂÈίc
¨ ¨ §
-ÔBˆ¯§ :˙Ó‡· ¤ ¡ ¤ e‰‡¯˜È ª ¨ § ¦ ¯L‡¤ £ ÏÎI Ÿ § ,Âȇ¯˜ ¨ §Ÿ
:ÌrÈLBÈÂ
¥ ¦ § ÚÓLÈ © § ¦ Ì˙rÂL-˙‡Â
¨ ¨§© ¤ § ,‰NrÈ ¤ £ © Âȇ¯È¨ ¥§
¨ £Ÿ
-Ïk¨ ˙‡Â¥ § ,ÂÈ·‰‡-Ik-˙‡ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯ÓBL ¥
,Èt¦ ¯a„Ȥ © § ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ˙l‰z © ¦ § :„ÈÓLÈ ¦ § © ÌÈrL¯‰̈¦¨ §
:„r¤ ¨ ÌIBÚÏ
¨ § BL„˜ § ¨ ÌL ¥ ¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ C¯·È ¥¨ ¦
:dÈeIω
¨ § © ÌIBÚ-„rÂ
¨ © § ‰zrÓ¨ © ¥ ,dȨ C¯· § © £ Âà©
¥ ¨ § | eÁ‡
:˘È„˜ ȈÁ ı"˘Ï
CÈÏÓÈÂ
¦ § © § d˙eÚ¯Î
¥ § ¦ ‡¯· ¨ § Èc¦ ‡ÓÏra ¨ § ¨ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § Lc˜˙È© © § ¦ § lCBz
© © § i1¦
ÔBÎÈiÁa
¥ © § :ÔÓ‡ .dÁÈLÓ ¥ ¦ § ·¯˜È ¥ ¨ ¦ d˜¯et
¥¨ § ÁÓˆÈÂ
© § © § ,d˙eÎIÓ
¥ § ©
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,·È¯˜ ¦ ¨ ÔÓÊ·e
© § ¦ ‡I‚ra
¨ ¨ £ © ,I‡¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-I΄
¥ ¨ § ÈiÁ·e ¥ © § ÔBÎÈÓBÈ·e
¥ §
ÁazLÈÂ
© © § ¦ § C¯a˙È ¥ ¨ § ¦ :‡iÓÏr
¨ © § ¨ ÈÓIrÏe
¥ § ¨ § ÌÏrÏ © ¨ § C¯·Ó © ¨ § ‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL ¥ § ‡‰È ¥§
‡L„e˜c
¨ § § dÓL ¥ § Il‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‰lr˙ÈÂ
¤ © § ¦ § ¯c‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‡O˙ÈÂ
¥ © § ¦ § ÌÓB¯˙ÈÂ
¨ § ¦ § ¯‡t˙ÈÂ¥ ¨ § ¦§
,‡˙ÓÁÂ
¨ ¨ ¡ ¤ § ‡˙ÁaLz
¨ ¨ § § ª ,‡˙¯ÈL ¨ ¨ ¦ § ‡˙ίa-Ïk
¨ ¨ § ¦ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ‡lrÏ ¨ ¥ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡e‰ Cȯa ¦§
:ÔÓ‡¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â § ¦ § ,‡ÓIra
¨ § ¨ § Ô¯ÈÓ‡c
¨ ¦ £ ©
¥ § ¦ Ó©â :ÌÈt‰
ÔB‡˙p-‰ ¦ ¨ © ˙La ¤ Ÿ eI ¨ § ,‰˜„v‰ ¨ ¨ § © È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ Ll§ á
¨ § § ä© :˜cˈp-‰Óe
‰NtÁ ¨© §¦ © ¯a„p-‰Ó
¥ © § © ¯Ó‡p-‰ © Ÿ Óe ©ã
‰ËeLÙ
¨ § EÈÓ § ¦ Èå§ Èk¦ ,EÈχ ¤ ¥ ‰·eL ¨Ÿ § © § eÈί„
¨ ¨ § ‰¯˜Á ¥ ¨ §
,EÈÙÏ ¦ £ © § Ÿ § „ÒÁ·-‡Ï
¤ ¨ § e‡a¨ ÌÈNrÓ·-‡Ï ¤ ¤ § Ÿ :ÌÈ·L ¦ ¨ Ïa˜I
¥ ©§
ÌeÁ¯æ© e˜Ù„§ © ¨ EÈ˙Ïc¤ ¨ § :EÈ˙I„ ¤ ¨ § e˜Ùc§ © ¨ ÌÈL¯Îe
¦ ¨ § ÌÈl„k
¦ ©§
ekÏÓ
¥ § © EÈÙJÓ
¤ ¨ § ¦ :EÈÙlÓ
¤ ¨ § ¦ ̘ȯ ¨ ¥ e·ÈLz-χ
¥ ¦ § © ‡¨ ,ÔepÁ ©§
:‰JÙz © ¥ Lç ‰z‡
¨ ¦ § rÓB ¨ © Èk¦ ,e·ÈLz
¥ ¦ § χ© ̘ȯ ¨ ¥
ÚÓ¢
‰Îȇ (‰ :ÊË „Ó ˙È˘‡¯· Ù"Ú („ :ËÏ ‚ ‰Îȇ Ù"Ú (‚ :Ê Ë Ï‡È„ (· :ÁÈ Â˘ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:· ,ÁÎ ˙Âί· (Á : „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ÁÏ˘· ‡ÓÂÁ˙ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ó Ì˘
,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‰ÁÈ˘Ó ·¯˜È ,‡·¯ ‰Ó˘ ˙·È˙‰ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘È„˜· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ (1 ˙‚‰‰
(¯Ó‡ ˙ˆ˜ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ͯ·˙È . . ‰Ó˘ ‡‰È (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁÂ
ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‡Â‰ Íȯ· ‡˘„˜„ ‰Ó˘ (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) Ïω˙È . . Á·˙˘ÈÂ
.(6 'ÓÚ ,ÌÈ‚‰Ó‰ ¯ÙÒ)
ÁÙ ‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 175
Ÿ £ © § ¦ § ¯Na-ÏÎ
˙ÂÁzL‰Ï ¨ ¨ ¨ ‡B·Èá̈ :e‡·È Ÿ ¨ ¯Na-Ïk ¨ ¨ ¨ EÈ„r ¤ ¨ ,‰lÙz ¨ ¦ § ÓnF ©¥ W à
:EÓLI¤ § ¦ e„aÎÈ § © ¦ ,È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ EÈÙÏ £ © § ¦ § | e‡B·Èâ̈ :‰Â‰È
¤ ¨ § eÂÁzLÈ ¨Ÿ § EÈÙI ¤¨§
| ÂȯrL ¨ ¨ § e‡Ÿaä :eNÚ ¥ Ÿ ‰Â‰È-ÈÙÏ ¨Ÿ § ¥ § ¦ ‰Î¯· ¨ § § ¦ ,‰r¯Î ¨ ¨ § ¦ § ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ e‡Ÿaã
¨Ÿ § ¤ eίa
‰Â‰È-˙‡ § ¨ | ‰p¥ ‰å¦ :BÓL § eίa § ¨ BÏ-e„B‰ ,‰l‰˙a ¨ ¦ § ¦ ÂÈ˙¯ˆÁ ¨ Ÿ ¥ £ ‰„B˙a ¨ §
,L„˜ ¤Ÿ Ì΄È-e‡N ¤ ¥§ § :˙BÏÈla ¨Ÿ §
¥ © ‰Â‰È-˙È·a ¥ § ÌÈ„ÓÚ‰ ¦ § Ÿ ¨ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È„·r-Ïk̈¥§ ©
eÓÓB§ ¯ç :ÂÈÏ‚¯ ¨ § © Ì„‰Ï Ÿ £ © ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ ,ÂÈ˙BkLÓÏ ¨ § § ¦ § ‰‡B ¨ ·æ ¨ :‰Â‰È-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ¤ eί·e §¨
eȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eÓÓB § ¯è :‡e‰ LB„˜¨ ,ÂÈÏ‚¯ ¨ § © Ì„‰Ï Ÿ £ © eÂÁzL‰Â £ © § ¦ § eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ §
¨Ÿ © eÂÁzL
‰Â‰ÈÏ £ © § ‰é¦ :eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § LB„˜-Èk ¨ ¦ ,BL„˜ § ¨ ¯‰Ï © § eÂÁzL‰Â £ © § ¦§
‡B·¨ EcÒÁ § § © ·¯a Ÿ § eÁ‡ § © £ Âë© :ı¯‡‰-Ïk¤ ¨ ¨ ¨ ÂÈtÓ ¨ ¨ ¦ eIÈÁ¦ ,L„˜-˙¯„‰a ¤Ÿ © §© §
ÏÎȉ-χ
© ¥ ¤ ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ì¦ :E˙‡¯Èa ¤ ¨ § ¦ § EL„˜-ÏÎȉ-χ
§ § ¨ © ¥ ¤ ‰ÂÁzL ¤ £ © § ¦ ,E˙È· ¤ ¥
-Ïk-Ïr
¨ © zÏc‚‰-Èk ¨ § © § ¦ ¦ ,EzÓ‡-Ir ¤ ¦ £ © § EcÒÁ-Ïr § § © © EÓL-˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ‰„B ¤ § EL„˜ § §¨
E˙eÓ‡Â
§ ¨ ¡ ¤ ,dȨ | ÔÈÒÁ ¦ £ EBÓÎ-ÈÓ ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ | ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ îȧ :E˙¯Ó‡ ¤ ¨ § ¦ EÓL § ¦
:ÌÈI‡ ¦ ¥ È·a ¥ § ¦ ‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨Ÿ © ‰Ó„È ¤ § ¦ ,‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨Ÿ © C¯rÈ Ÿ £ © ˜ÁM· © © © ÈÓ¦ Èkð¦ :EÈ˙B·È·Ò ¤ ¦ §
ÏB„‚-È ¨ kò¦ :Ec·I ¤ © § Ìȉχ ¦ Ÿ ¡ ‰z‡ ¨ © ,˙B‡IÙ ¨ § ¦ ‰NÚ ¥ Ÿ § ‰z‡ ¨ © IB„‚-È ¨ kñ¦
Ÿ § Ïl‰Óe
,„‡Ó ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„bô̈ :EzÓ‡ ¤ ¦ £ ÌȘÁL-„r ¦ ¨ § © § ,EcÒÁ ¤ § © ÌÈÓL-ÏrÓ ¦© ¨ ©¥
‡e‰ ‡¯B ¨ ,„‡Ó Ÿ § Ïl‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„‚¨ Èkö¦ :¯˜Á ¤ ¥ Ôȇ¥ B˙l„‚Ï ¨ ª§ ¦ §
¯L¤ ‡£ø :Ìȉχ-Ïk-Ïr¦ Ÿ ¡ ¨ © IB„b¨ CÏÓe ¤ ¤ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„b¨ χ¥ Èk÷¦ :Ìȉχ-Ïk-Ir ¦Ÿ ¡ ¨ ©
‡G ÈÓù¦ :E˙¯e·‚Π¤ Ÿ § ¦ § EÈNrÓÎ ¤ £ © § ‰NrÈ-¯L‡ ¤ £ © ¤ £ ı¯‡·e ¤ ¨ ¨ ÌÈÓMa ¦ © ¨ © χ-ÈÓ ¥ ¦
Ì˙eÎÏÓ-Ïηe
¨ § © ¨ § ÌÈBb‰ ¦ © ÈÓÎÁ-Ïη ¥ § © ¨ § Èk¦ ,‰˙‡È ¨ ¨ ¨ Eϧ Èk¦ ÌÈBb‰ ¦ © CÏÓ ¤ ¤ E‡¯È £ ¨¦
Eϧà :‰¯e·‚a ¨ § ¦ EÓL § ¦ ÏB„‚ ¨ § ‰z‡ ¨ © ÏB„b¨ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EBÓk¨ Ôȇ¥ Óú¥ :EBÓk¨ ÔÈ‡Ó ¥ ¥
‰z‡ ¨ © ,‰ÏÈI ¨ § ¨ EI-Û‡ § © ÌBÈ Eϧá :EÈÓÈ ¤ ¦ § Ìe¯z¨ E„ȧ ¨ ÊÚz Ÿ ¨ ,‰¯e·b-Ìr ¨ § ¦ rB¯Ê © §
:BÏ Ìȯ‰ ¦ ¨ ˙ÙrB˙ Ÿ £ § ,ı¯‡-ȯ˜ÁÓ ¤ ¨ ¥ § § ¤ B„Èa ¨ § ¯L ¤ ‡£â :LÓL ¤ ¨ ¨ ¯B‡Ó¨ ˙BÈΉ ¨ ¦£
‰l„b‰
¨ ª § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Eϧä :B˙J‰z-Ïk ¨ ¦ § ¨ rÈÓLÈ © ¦ § © ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ˙B¯e·b§ IlÓÈ ¥ © § ÈÓã¦
¨Ÿ § Eϧ ,ı¯‡·e
‰Â‰È ¤ ¨ ¨ ÌÈÓMa ¦ © ¨ © ÏÎ-Èk Ÿ ¦ ,„B‰‰Â © § Áˆp‰Â © ¥ © § ˙¯‡Ùz‰Â ¤ ¤ § ¦ © § ‰¯e·b‰Â ¨ §©§
Ï·z
¥ ¥ ,ı¯‡ ¤ ¨ EI-Û‡ § © ÌÈÓL ¦ © ¨ Eϧ å :L‡¯Ï Ÿ § | ÏÎÏ Ÿ § ‡O˙n‰Â ¥ © § ¦ © § ,‰ÎIÓn‰ ¨¨ § © ©
Û¯Á¤Ÿ ¨ ıȘ ¦ © ,ı¯‡ ¤ ¨ ˙BÏe·b-Ïk § ¨ z·v‰ ¨ § © ¦ ‰z¨ ‡©æ :Ìz„ÒÈ ¨ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ © d‡ÏÓe ¨Ÿ §
:ÌÈiˆÏ ¦ ¦ § ÌrÏ © § IÎ‡Ó ¨ £ © epzz ¤ § ¦ ,Ô˙ÈÂÏ ¨ ¨ § ¦ ÈL‡¯ ¥ ¨ zˆv¯ ¨ § © ¦ ‰z¨ ‡ç© :Ìz¯ˆÈ ¨ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ ©
¨ § © ‰z¨ ‡è© :Ô˙ȇ
z¯¯BÙ ¨ ¥ ˙B¯‰ £ © zL·B‰
¨ § © ‰z‡ ¨ © ,ÏÁÂ © ¨ ¨ ÔÈrÓ¨ § © zr˜· ¨ § © ¨ ‰z‡ ¨ ©
êÊÚ·
:„ ˜ Ì˘ (‰ : ‰ˆ Ì˘ („ :Ë ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚Î ÂÒ ‰ÈÚ˘È (· :‚ ‰Ò ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
Á ‰ Ì˘ (Î :Ë Âˆ Ì˘ (È :Ë Ì˘ (Ë :‰ ˈ Ì˘ (Á :Ê ·Ï˜ Ì˘ (Ê :·-‡ „Ϙ Ì˘ (Â
:‰ Á˜ Ì˘ (Ú :È ÂÙ Ì˘ (Ò :Ê Ì˘ ( :Ë ËÙ Ì˘ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ÁϘ Ì˘ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
:Â Ì˘ (˙ :Ê È ‰ÈÓ¯È (˘ :„Î ‚ Ìȯ·„ (¯ :‚ ‰ˆ Ì˘ (˜ :„ ˆ Ì˘ (ˆ :‚ ‰Ó˜ Ì˘ (Ù
:‡È ËÎ ‡-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ (‰ :· ˜ Ì˘ („ :„ ‰ˆ Ì˘ (‚ :ÊË „Ú Ì˘ (· :„È ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (‡
:‚È Ì˘ (Ë :ÂË-„È Ì˘ (Á :ÊÈ „Ú Ì˘ (Ê :·È ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (Â
‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 176
,Ìi‰
¨ © ˙e‡‚a ¥ § ÏLBÓ ¥ ‰z¨ ‡à© :ÌÈn‰-Ïr
¦ ¨ © © ÌÈÈp˙ ¦ ¦ © ÈL‡¯
¥ ¨ z¯aL ¨ § © ¦ ,ÌȨ Efr· §¨ §
¥ Ÿ ¡ ¯Èra
eȉχ ¦ § ,„‡Ó Ÿ § ÏJ‰Óe ¨ ª § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏB„bá̈ :ÌÁaL˙ ¥ § © § ‰z‡ ¨ © ÂÈl‚ ¨ © ‡BNa§
¦ Ÿ ¡ ¨ ‡e‰-‰z‡
Ìȉχ‰ ¨ © ÌÈ·¯k‰ ¦ ª § © ·LÈ ¥ Ÿ χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ È⧠:BL„˜-¯‰ §¨ ©
e„BÈä§ :ÂÈ·È·Ò-Ïk-Ïr
¨ ¦ § ¨ © ‡¯B ¨ § ,‰a¯ ¦Ÿ §
¨ © ÌÈL„˜-„BÒa § ı¯r ¨ £ © χ㥠:Ec·Ï ¤©§
¨Ÿ © ‰p¯
,‰Â‰ÈÏ ¨ § © § eÎϧ å :ÌÈL„˜ ¦ Ÿ § ω˜a © § ¦ E˙eÓ‡-Û‡§ ¨ ¡ © ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § E‡Ït £ § ¦ ÌÈÓL ¦© ¨
˜„¤ ˆ¤æ :BÏ rȯ © ¦ ¨ ˙B¯ÓÊa ¦ § ¦ ,‰„B˙a ¨ § ÂÈÙ ¨ ¨ ‰Óc˜ ¨ § © § :erLÈ ¥ § ¦ ¯eˆÏ§ ‰rȯ ¨ ¦¨
˜ÈzÓ¦ § © ÂcÁÈ ¨ § © ¯L ¤ ‡£ç :EÈÙ ¤ ¨ eÓc˜È § © § ˙Ӈ ¤ ¡ ¤ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ,E‡Òk ¤ § ¦ ÔBÎÓ§ ËtLÓe ¨ § ¦
˙LaÈÂ
¤ ¤ © § ,e‰Nr ¨ ¨ ‡e‰Â§ Ìi‰ ¨ © BÏ-¯L ¤ ‡£è :L‚¯a ¤ ¨ § Cl‰¥ © § Ìȉχ ¦ Ÿ ¡ ˙È·a ¥ § ,„BÒ
CϨ ‰ÓLp‰ ¨ ¨ § © :Lȇ-¯Na-Ïk ¦ © § ¨ Áe¯Â © § ,ÈÁ-Ïk ¨ ¨ LÙ ¤ ¤ B„Èa ¨ § ¯L ¤ ‡£é :e¯ˆÈ ¨ ¨ ÂȄȨ¨
‰Nr¥ £ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èë§ ,ClL ¨ ¤ Ûeb‰Â © § CI¨ ‰ÓLp‰ ¨ ¨ § © :CÏÓr ¨ ¨ £ Ïr© ‰ÒeÁ ¨ ,CÏrt
¨ ¢ ¨ Ûeb‰Â ©§
„B·k§ ¯e·ra £ © :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èë§ EÓL § ¦ Ïr© e‡˙‡ ¨ ¨ :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ ©©§
¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒÂ
Èk¦ eÂrÏ ¨ § © ¨ § ,‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § EÓL-Ôr§ ¦ © ÓÏ î© § :EÓL ¤ § ÌeÁ¯Â © § ÔepÁ-χ© ¥ Èk ì ¦ ,EÓL § ¦
:‡e‰-·¯©
.eÈ‚L
¦ ¨ ezÏe‡¥ § © ¦ ·¯a Ÿ § Èk¦ ,eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ eÏ-ÁÏÒ
¨ © §
¥Ÿ £ ea¯© Èk¦ ,ekÏÓ
:eÈÂr ¥ § © eI-ÏÁÓ ¨ © §
e˜·§ „𨠇ϟ „r© ı¯‡a ¤ ¨ ¨ .ÌÈ·ÎL ¦ ¨ § ÈÏ· ¥ § ¦ eÁzÓ ¨ § ¦ Ì¯Ë ¤ ¤ f`¨
ÒÎÂ¥ ¨ ˙c© .ÌÈ·a‚Ó ¦ ¨ ª § eȉ¨ Ìȯ·„ ¦ ¨ § ‰r· ¨ §L ¦ñ Cab ¨ © .ÌÈ·‚¯ ¦¨ §
.ÌÈ·e‰·‰
¦ § © ˜Ïr ¤ ¤ § Ô„r-Ôb
¤ ¥ © „B‰ :ÌÈ··BL ¦ ¨ ÌÈ¦ aò̈ ˙i˯e
©¦ §
ÏÏBÁÓ
¨ § ÔBpȦ ÌL ¥ ¯‰BÊ © .Ìȷȯ˜Ó ¦ ¦ § © È„È-Ïr ¥ § © ‰¯tk ¨ ¨ © ÌB˜Óe §
ÌÈÒeÎË
¦ § :ÌÈ·eMÈ ¦ ¦ ˙‡È¯a © ¦ § Ì„˜ ¤ ¤ ÌÈtI‡¦ © § © e¯aÁ ¨ ª .ÌÈ·BÁÓ ¦ ¥
Èt
¥ § ÌÈL¯BLÓe
¦ ¨ § ÌȯeÚÈ ¦ § .ÌÈ·È·Lk ¦ ¦ § ¦ ÌÈËBa ¦ rȘ¯
© ¦ ¨ Ïr©
.ÌÈ·evÈa
¦ ¦ § rȘ¯a
© ¦ ¨ ¨ ÁpÓ ¨ ª ‰È‰ ¨ ¨ ‡qk ¥ ¦ .ÌÈ·e¯k‰ ¦ § © ·LB ¥ Èô
˙c¨ L‡¥ BÈÓȦ Ó÷¦ :ÌÈ·È·Ò-Ir ¦ ¦ § © ‡¯B ¨ Âö§ CÏÓ ¤ ¤ ·LBÓÏ © §
.ÌÈ·‰‡¦ ¨ £ reLrLa
© £ © § Bk¯a § ¦ Ïr© ‰e˙ ¨ § .ÌÈ·˙Îa ¦ ¨ § ¦ ‰˜e˜Á ¨ £
˙ÙBz
¤ ÔBÙv‰
¨ © Ïr© Ce¯r¨ .ÌÈ·e˯ ¦ § Ôb© ÌB¯c‰ ¨ © Ïr© ¯e„Ò̈
.ÌÈ·ˆÁÓa
¦ ¨ £ © § ‰Èea‰¨ § © ÌÏLe¯È ¦© ¨ § Á¯Ên‰ ¨ § ¦ © Èt ¥ § :ÌÈ·‰ÏL ¦ ¥§ ©
ÔÂÙˆ
Ì˘ (‰ :Á ËÙ ÌÈω˙ („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ËÈ ·-ÌÈÎÏÓ (‚ :· ÁÓ Ì˘ (· :È ËÙ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
‰ÈÓ¯È (Î :È ·È ·Âȇ (È :‰ ‰ˆ Ì˘ (Ë :ÂË ‰ Ì˘ (Á :ÂË ËÙ Ì˘ (Ê :·-‡ ‰ˆ Ì˘ ( :Â
‰‡¯ (Ò :ÁÏ ÁÏ ·Âȇ Ù"Ú ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡È ‰Î ÌÈω˙ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡Ï Ë ‰ÈÓÁ (Ï :Ê „È
:· ‚Ï Ìȯ·„ (˜ :Á ËÙ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (ˆ :„ „ ‡-χÂÓ˘ (Ù :„È ‚ ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ú :‡ ,„ ÌÈÁÒÙ
ËÙ ‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 177
ÚˆÓ‡a
© § ¤ § re·˜© ¨ .ÌÈ·eMÈa ¦ ¦ § χ¥ Lc˜Ó ¨ § ¦ dÎB˙a ¨ § ÔeÙˆ¨
:ÌÈ·eËÁ¦ £ ˙i˙L © ¦ § Ô·¤ ‡¤à ÂÈÏr ¨ ¨ ‰ˆe·¯ ¨ § .ÌÈ·eiÁ ¦ ¦ ¯etk¦ ÁaÊÓ © ¥§ ¦
L¯BÙÓ‰
¨ § © ÌL ¥á ¯‡Bz© .ÌÈ·zÎÓa
¦ ¨ § ¦ § ˜e˜Á¨ ‰ÈÏr ¨ ¤ ¨ ÔBpȦ ÌL ¥
ÈeeϦ .ÌÈaL‡Ó
¦ © § ¤ ¥ ÔÈÊ‡Ó ¦ £ © ÈÙÏ¥ § ¦ CÂza ¤ ¨ © ‰nL ¨ ¨ .ÌÈ·elb ¦ ¦ ÈÂÂ˙a ¥¨ §
Ìȇˆ ¦ Ÿ ÒeaÎÏ ¦ § ˙„zrÓ ¤ ¤ ª § :ÌÈ·‡Î ¦ £ Ÿ § ÌÈ„I ¦ § ¦ § C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ‰·eLz
¨ §
ÔÎa
¥ § .ÌÈ·L ¦ ¨ L‡¯ Ÿ Ir© ÔÓL ¤ ¤ ˜¯‰ ¥ ¨ .ÌÈ·ËeÓ ¦ ¨ LÈaωÏe
¦§ ©§
Òen˦ CÏL‰Â ¥ § © § ÔÁvÓ © © ¦ ıÁ¯ ¥ © .ÌÈ·N ¦ ¨ § ÌÈÓJr ¦ ¨ ª Eϧ e‡˙¨ ‡â̈
ÌBÈ ÌBÈ .ÌÈ··BL ¦ ¨ ÌÈ¦ aã̈ EeÓc˜È § © § ‰lÙ˙a ¨ ¦ § ¦ :ÌÈ·‡Ò ¦ ¢¨
ÌÈÓc ¦ ¨ ¯Ë˜‰k¥ § ¤ § eȯӇ ¥ ¨ £ ·LÁÈ ¥ ¨ ¥ .ÌÈ·È ¦ ¦ ıÈÙa ¦ § EL¯„I¤ § ¨§
eȇËÁ
¥ ¨ £ :ÌÈ·NÎe ¦ ¨ § Ìȯ٠¦ ¨ È‚eqÙk
¥ ¦ § Ïa˜È ¥ © § eÙeˆÙˆ¥ § ¦ .ÌÈ·IÁ ¦ ¨ £©
˙ÙÈÁ¯a
© ¦ § ¦ EÈχ ¤ ¥ e·¯˜ ¥ § ¨ .ÌÈ·Ê¯Ó ¦ ¥ § © ÈÙË ¥ § ¦ Ú˜¯˜a © § © § Ïψ‰ ¥ § ©
:ÌÈa¯‰¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯ ¤£ ©
ÌÈrL
¦ ¨ § ¦ e‡¨ EÈ˙B˜„ˆ-ÏrÂ
¤ § ¦ © § .ÌÈÁeË· ¦ § e‡¨ ÌÈa¯‰ ¤ £ © © iMä¦
¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr
CÏÓ
¤ ¤ ‡e‰ ‰z‡ ¨ © :ÌÈtˆÓ ¦ © § e‡¨ E˙reLÈÏÂ
§ ¨ ¦ § ÌÈe˜Ó
¦ © § e‡¨ EÈ˙BÁÈÏÒϤ ¦ §¦§
˙¯Bk ¥ .Âȇ¯È ¨ ¥ § ˙‡hÁ Ÿ © ¯ÈÒÓe ¦ ¥ ,Bnr© ˙BÂr Ÿ £ ¯È·rÓ ¦ £ © .Ì„wÓ ¤ ¤ ¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ·‰B ¥ ‡å
Ôra ¨ § © ¨ ¤ ‡e‰ ‰z¨ ‡©æ :ÌÈB¯Á‡Ï
© £ © z„¯iL ¦ £ © ¨ ‰re·L ¨ § Ìi˜Óe ¥ © § ,ÌÈBL‡¯I¦ ¦ ¨ ˙ȯa ¦§
-˙BÁ¯‡Â § ¨ § .Ec·r ¤ § © ‰LÓÏ ¤ Ÿ § E·eË § Èί„
¥ § © ˙ȇ¯‰Â
¨ ¥ § ¤ § ÈÈÒ © ¦ ¯‰-Ïr © © E„B·k ¤ §
ÌÈt‡¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© Ï‡ç¥ ‰z‡ ¨ © Èk¦ Bzr„B‰Â § © § .BÏ ˙Èlb ¨ ¦ ¦ EÈ„ÒÁ ¤¨ £
ÔÎÂ¥ § :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰¦ £ © ¨ ˙cÓa © ¦ § Blkª ÌÏBÚ‰ ¨ ¨ ‚ȉÓe ¦ § © .·ÈˉI ¦ ¥ § ‰a¯Óe ¤ § © „ÒÁ-·¯Â ¤ ¤ ©§
‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ÌL· ¥ § È˙‡¯˜Â¦ ¨ ¨ § EÈt-Ïr¤ ¨ © È·eË-Ïk¦ ¨ ¯È·r‡ ¦ £ © È‡ ¦ £ ¯Ó‡i ¤ Ÿ è© ,·e˙k¨
:ÌÁ¯‡¥ © £ ¯L‡-˙‡
¤ £ ¤ ÈzÓÁ¯Â ¦ § © ¦ § ÔÁ‡Ÿ ¨ ¯L‡-˙‡¤ £ ¤ È˙pÁ ¦ Ÿ © § ,EÈÙÏ
¤¨§

C¯„Â
¤ ¤ § ,˙‡¯˜
¨ ¥ § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ Ir© ·e©é ‰z‡ ¨ © ÌÈt‡¦ © © C¯¤ ‡¤ç l`¥
Ÿ § ¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁÂ
ÌBi‰© ¯kÊz ¤ ¨ £ © EÈÓÁ¯
¤ £ © ˙l„b
© ª § :˙ȯB‰
¨ ¥ ‰·eLz ¨ §
‰z‡
¨ © Èk¦ ,ÌÈÓÁ¯a¦ £ © § eÈI‡¥ ¥ ÔÙz¤ ¥ :EȄȄȤ ¦ § Ú¯ÊÏ© ¤ § ÌBÈ-Iηe
¨ §
,Ìc˜
¥ © § EÈt ¤ ¨ ‰JÙ˙·e
¨ ¦ § ¦ ÔeÁ˙a £ © § :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰¦ £ © ¨ Ïra © © ‡e‰
˙ڄ‰Î
:„È Ì˘ („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·Î ‚ ‰ÈÓ¯È (‚ :Ï ÁÎ ˙ÂÓ˘ È"˘¯ ‰‡¯ (· :· ,‚ ‡ÓÂÈ ‰‡¯ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:ËÈ ‚Ï Ì˘ (Ë :Â Ì˘ (Á :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ ‰‡¯ (Ê :Ê ‡È ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú ( :ÁÈ Ë Ï‡È„ Ù"Ú (‰
:ÂË ,Ê ‰·¯ ˙ω˜ (È
‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 178
E˙¯B˙a
§ ¨ § BÓk§ ,·eL Et‡ § © ÔB¯Á£ Ó¥à :Ì„wÓ¤ ¤ ¦ ÂrÏ
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © §
¨Ÿ § „¯i
‰Â‰È ¤ ¥Ââ© ÌBÈk§ ,ÔBI˙Â
¨ § ¦ § ‰ÒÁ ¤ ¡ ¤ EÈÙk
¤ ¨ § Iˆ¥ ·e ᧠:·e˙k¨
Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙i ¥ © § ¦ Ââ© ÌBÈk§ ,ÌL‡
¨ ¨ ‰ÁÓ˙¤ § ¦ § ÚLt-Ir
© ¤ © ¯·r Ÿ £ zã© :Ôra
¨¨ ¤
‡¯˜i¨ § ¦ Ââ© ÌBÈk§ ,¯Ó‡Ó ¨ £ © epÓ¤ ·ÈL˜˙ ¦ § © § e˙rÂL
¥ ¨ § © ÔÈʇz ¦ £ © :ÌL ¨
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § ,‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ÌL¥ ·1§
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰

‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Âä©
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âå§
¨ © kæ¦ :erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨ © § ·BË È„‡ ¨Ÿ £

‰·eL‡Â
¨ ¨ § Èχ © ¥ e·eL è :·B¯˜¨ B˙Bȉa § ¦ e‰‡¯˜ ª ¨ § B‡ˆn‰a § ¨ ¦ § ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § EWx3§ Cç¦
¦ Ÿ ¡ ¨ ÌÁÂ
Ìȉχ‰ © ¦ § ·eLȨ r„BÈ-È © ¥ Óé¦ :˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯Ó‡ © ¨ ÌÎÈI‡
¤ ¥£
ÂȯÁ‡
¨ £ © ¯È‡L‰Â
¦ § ¦ § ÌÁ ¨ ¦ § ·eLȨ r„BÈ © ¥ ÈÓë¦ :„·‡ ¥ Ÿ ‡Ï Ÿ § Bt‡© ÔB¯ÁÓ £ ¥ ·L ¨ §
ÔepÁ-Èk ¤ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È-χ
© ¦ ÌÎȉχ ¨Ÿ § ¤ e·eL§ ÌÎÈ„‚a-χ ¤ ¥ § ¦ © § Ìη·Ï ¤ § © § eÚ¯˜ § ¦ Âì§ :‰Î¯a
¨ ¨§
:‰r¯‰-Ïr
¨ ¨ ¨ © ÌÁ ¨ ¦ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ‡e‰ ÌeÁ¯Â ©§

,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ Ï©ð :eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr ¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mî§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èñ§ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί· ¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr § © ©
¨Ÿ Èô§ :Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡ ¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ òȧ :‰IÒ ¨ ¤ ·˜rÈŸ £ © ȉχ ¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰ ¨ ¦
ÁÏÒ
:ÁÈ Ê ‰ÎÈÓ Ù"Ú („ :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‚ :Á ÂÏ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ·È ·Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‡ ‡"Â˙
‚ ‰ÂÈ (È :Ê ‚ È·ÏÓ (Ë : ‰ ‰ÈÚ˘È (Á :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (Ê :Ë Ì˘ ( :Ê-Â Ì˘ ˙ÂÓ˘ (‰
„Ù Ì˘ (Ú :Á ÂÓ Ì˘ (Ò :Ë ‚ Ì˘ ( :‚È ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (Ó :‚È Ì˘ (Ï :„È · χÂÈ (Î :Ë
:È Î Ì˘ (Ù :‚È
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
.Ô‡ÎÓ ÌÈÏÈÁ˙Ó ‰ÏÈÙ˙‰ ¯„Ò ÚˆÓ‡· ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ ÌȯÓ‡˘Î (3
ˆ ‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 179
‰˙‡N
¨ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡ÎÂ
¤ £ © § .EcÒÁ ¤Ÿ § ‰f‰
¤ § © Ï„‚k ¤ © Ìr‰ Ÿ £ © ‡-ÁÏ
¨ ¨ ÔÂrÏ ¨ © Òà§
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § :‰p‰-„rÂ
¨ ¥ © § ÌȯˆnÓ
¦ © § ¦ ¦ ‰f‰
¤ © ÌrÏ̈¨
:LxacM
¤ ¨ § ¦ iYglq
¦ § © ¨ dedi
¨Ÿ § xn`I
¤ Ÿ eá©
¯Èr‰Â ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ‰‡¯e
¦ ¨ § ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ¥ § EÈÈr¤ ¥ Á˜t© § ,ÚÓLe
¨ § Eʇ § § ¨ | ȉχ© Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰â©
ÌÈIÈtÓ
¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ir
¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ | Èk¦ ,‰ÈÏr¨ ¤ ¨ EÓL § ¦ ‡¯˜-¯L‡
¨§¦ ¤ £
,‰ÁÏÒ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr
¤ £ © © Èk¦ ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § eÈeÁz
¥ £ ©
‡¯˜
¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk
§ ¦ ¦ ,ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ErÓÏ
§ © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ
© © § © ,‰Nr ¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰
¨ ¦ § © È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © © § E¯Èr-Ïr
§ ¦ ©

Èk¦ ¯tÎÏ ¥ © § ˙BÂr Ÿ £ „ra © § .ÈzÓc˜ ¦ § © ¦ BL¯„Ï § ¨ § B‡ˆn‰a § ¨ ¦ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ È㧠z`¤
.ÈzÓc¯
¦ § © § ¦ ÔLÈÎe ¥ ¨ § ÌËÓË ¨ § ª ·l‰ ¥ © ÏbÏb © § ª .ÈzÓ„‡ ¦ § © ¡ ¤ ÚÏBzÎ ¨ ©
‰re¯Ù¨ § ‰ËBÒI ¨ § È˙ÈÓc ¦ ¦ ¨ :È˙ÈÓc ¦ ¦ ¨ ‰¯BÓrI ¨ £ © § È˙Èȉ ¦ ¦ ¨ ÌB„Òk § ¦ ËrÓ © § kä¦
ÌÈÓ„a ¦ ¨ § ‰IÓ ¨ § Nk ¦æ § ÈzÓNe‰Â¦ § © § ,ÌÈcr ¦ ¦ „‚· ¤ ¤ kå§ È˙Èȉ
¦ ¦ ¨ .‰ÏÏÁ ¨ ¨ £ © ˙Ù‡Ó ¤ ¤¨ §
‰ËÈa‰Â¨ ¦ © § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰‡¥ ¯ç§ .‰ÏlÙÏ ¨ § © § Ôȇ ¦ © r„BÈ© ¥ § rÈbÙÓ © ¦ § © Èz¯ÒÁ ¦ § © ¨ § .‰IJ‚Ó ¨¨ª§
‰¯kÓ ¨ § § ¦ ÌpÁ ¨ ¦ .χ‚Ó ¥ ¨ § „Èa © § ‰ÎÙ‰ ¨ § ¤ ¤ ‰„e·k ¨ § ‰ÏÏBÊ ¨ ¥ :‰ÏÏBÊ ¨ ¥ È˙Èȉ ¦ ¦ ¨ Èk¦
CÈIL ¦ § ‰é¦ .I‡È¯ ¥ ¦ ‡£è ·¯Á © ¨ § ‡O ¨ ¦ § ÔBÎ¨ Ú·Ë © ¨ .I‡Bb ¥ Ôȇ ¥ § ˙˙ÈÓvÏ ª ¦ §©
„r© ‰qLÓÏ ¨ ¦ § ¦ § ÌÈÊÊ·Ï ¦ §Ÿ § χ¯N ¥ ¨ § Èë¦ :χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙¯‡Ùz ¤ ¤ § ¦ ı¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÌÈÓMÓ ¦© ¨ ¦
ÈÓeNa
¦ § ·lÏ ¥ © .È˙ÈÓˆÓ © ¦ § © eÓˆ§ r ì̈ § Ș¯BÚ © § ea¯© ‰a¯‡k ¤ § © ¨ .È˙Ó © ¨
˙ÂÓ ¤ ¨ ÈLÙ ¦ § © ˜ÁÓ ¨ £ © ¯Á·z © § ¦ Âî© .È˙BÓÓBL© § § È˙B·¯Á © § ¨ È˙BÒȯ‰ © ¦£
EÈÒÈrÎnÓ
¤ ¦ § © ¦ ˙BÁJÙn‰Â ¨ ª § © § ˙BÁvÙn‰ ¨ ª § © È˙BÓ © ˆrÓ § © ¥ :È˙BÓˆrÓ © §©¥
·Ï¥ ÌÈN¦ .EÓrÊ ¤ § © § EB¯Á § £ ‡BN§ È˙È‡Ï ¦ ¥ § ð¦ ÈzÓ‡ ¦ § © ¨ .EÈÓÈrÊnÓe ¤ ¦§© ¦
Enr § © :Enr-Ir ¤ © © § E¯Èr-Ïr § ¦ © ‡¯˜ ¨ § ¦ EÓL-È § ¦ kñ¦ .EÓÈr ¤ ¦ § ˙iÁ © © ÏB‡‚Ï §¦
NrÓa © © § Ee„Át ¨ § ¯va © © Ee„˜¨ tò§ .˙B·LBÓ-ÏÎa ¨ ¨ § ÌȯeÊt ¦ § ÌÈÈe¯Ê ¦ §
‰rÓL ¨ § ¦ È„ ¨Ÿ ‡£ô .˙B·eLÓ§ ‡t¯Â ¥ © § ¯·r‰ ¥ £ © ,ÔB„ʨ ÏBψ§ .˙B·LÁÓ·e ¨ £© §
CÙLÏ ¤ ¤ § EÈʇ ¤ § ¨ ‰Èȉz
¨ ¤ § ¦ ˙B·M˜ ª © :˙B·M˜ ª © EÈʇ ¤ § ¨ ‰Èȉz ¨ ¤ § ¦ eIB˜· ¥ §
E·e§ ep‚Ó ¥ ¦ ¨ Ee¯ÁL § © ¦ .eÈÁBÁÈ ¥ ¦ Áȯk © ¥ § Ia˜ ¥ © eÈ˙ÙN ¥ ¨ § ÔB¯ .eÁÈN ¥ ¦
ÂÁË·Ó

:(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë ‡ Ì˘ (‰ : ‰ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú („ :ËÈ-ÁÈ Ë Ï‡È„ (‚ :Î Ì˘ (· :ËÈ „È ¯·„Ó· (‡ ‡"Â˙


· ‰Îȇ (È :‡ ËÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ë :‡È ‡ ‰Îȇ (Á :(ÈÂÈ˘·) „ Ë Ì˘ (Ê :‰ „Ò Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Â
:„È ‡ ‰ÈÚ˘È ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË Ê ·Âȇ (Ó :‰ ËÒ ÌÈω˙ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·) „Î ·Ó ‰ÈÚ˘È (Î :‡
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) · Ϙ ÌÈω˙ (Ù :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊË ÂÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ú :ËÈ Ë Ï‡È„ (Ò
‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 180
‰Ê¤ ÔB„‡¨ eÁÈpz ¥ ¦ © :eÁÈpz-χ
¥ ¦ © © ‡¯˜ ¨ § ¦ eÈÏr¥ ¨ EÓL-ȧ ¦ kঠ.eÁË·Ó ¥¨ § ¦
ÔÓ‡È
¥ ¨ ¥ .‰nÏÎÏÂ
¨ ¦ § ¦ § ‚rÏÏ
© © § ‰ÈLÏÂ
¨ ¦ § ¦ § ÏLÓϨ ¨ § ‰nL ¨ © ϧá .‰nϨ ¨ ÌÈL ¦ ¨ ‰nk ¤©
˙BÒ¯‰p‰¨ ¡ ¤ © È˙Èa
¦ ¦ ¨ ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § È¦ ‡£â .‰ÓÓBLI
¨ ¥ § zÁË·‰L¨ § © § ¦ ¤ ÁË·n‰ ¨ § ¦ © LÁeÈÂ © §
.dBÎ˙e
¨ § § ‰·z ¤ § ¦ ÌÈÏB„b¦ § ÌÈÓÁ¯a ¦ £ © § ‰nLp‰ ¨ © § © :‰nLp‰ ¨ © § © ÈzrË̈
¦ § ©
E„ȧ ¨ ψa¥ § EȯÈÓ‡Ó
¤ ¦ £ © ˜fÁ ¨ § ¤ § ˙r¥ ‡·¨ Èk㦠depÁ
¥ © .dÁI ¨ ¦ *‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÚÓL © §
:‰p¯a
¨ ¦ § ÔBiˆ¦ e‡·e ¨ Ôe·eLȧ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÈÈe„Ù
¥ § eä .‰B‚Ï
¨§ §
ÏÁBÓ
¥ ,˙e„ÈÒÁa ¦ £ © ‚‰˙Óe¥ © § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © ‡qk ¥ ¦ Ïr© ·LB ¤ ¤ l`¥
¥ Èå CÏÓ
‰IÈÁÓ
¨ ¦ § ‰a¯Ó
¤ § © ,ÔBL‡¯¦ ÔBL‡¯¦ ¯È·r ¦ £ Ó©æ ,Bnr© ˙BÂrŸ£
¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ Ìr¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ‰N ¤ ŸÚç ,ÌÈrLBtI
¦ § © ‰ÁÈÏÒe ¨ ¦ § ÌȇËÁÏ
¦ ¨£©
LGL§ ¯ÓBÏ © el¨ ˙ȯB¨ ¥ ‰è I‡¥ .ÏBÓ‚z § ¦ Ì˙r¯Î ¨ ¨ ¨ § ‡ÏŸ ,Áe¯Â
© §
ÂrI
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © § ,‰¯Nr ¥ § ¤ LŸÏL§ ˙ȯa ¦ § ÌBi‰© eI-¯ÎÊ ¨ ¨ § ,‰¯Nr¥§ ¤
ÌL¨ Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙iÂ
¥ © § ¦ © Ôra¨ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § „¯i ¤ ¥Â©é ·e˙kL ¨ ¤ BÓk§ ,Ì„wÓ¤¤ ¦
¨Ÿ § ÌL
:‰Â‰È ¥ ·1§ ‡¯˜i ¨ § ¦©
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰
‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Âë©
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âì§
¨ © kî¦ :erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨Ÿ £
¨ © § ·BË È„‡
e‰‡¯˜
ª ¨ § B‡ˆn‰a ¨Ÿ § eL¯§ cñ¦ :„ÈÓz
§ ¨ ¦ § ‰Â‰È ¦ ¨ ÂÈÙ
¨ ¨ eLwa § © ,Bfr ¨Ÿ § EWx§ Cð¦
ª § ‰Â‰È
Ÿ ¨ § ÂÈ˙·LÁÓ
·LÈ ¨ Ÿ § § © Ô‡
¤ ¨ Lȇ ¦ § Bk¯c § © ÚL¯ Ÿ £ © :·B¯˜¨ B˙Bȉa
¨ ¨ ·ÊrÈ § ¦
χ
.d-È» :‡" (*
:„È ·˜ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú („ :ÂÏ ÂÏ Ï‡˜ÊÁÈ (‚ :ÊÏ ÁÎ Ìȯ·„ (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë „È ‰ÈÓ¯È (‡ ‡"Â˙
:(ÈÂÈ˘·)  ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (Á :‡ ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ (Ê : ,ËÎ ‰·¯ ‡¯˜È ( :‡È ‡ ‰ÈÚ˘È (‰
Ì˘ ( :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (Ó :Ë Ì˘ (Ï :Ê-Â Ì˘ (Î :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (È :· ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ‰‡¯ (Ë
:Ê- ‰ ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ò :‡È ÊË ‡-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ .„ ‰˜
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
‡ˆ ‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 181
„r© χ¯NÈ¥ ¨ § ¦ ‰·e à :ÁBÏÒÏ
¨ L © § ¦ ‰a¯È-Èk ¥ Ÿ ¡ ¤ § e‰ÓÁ¯ÈÂ
¤ § © ¦ eȉχ-χ ¨Ÿ § ¤
¥ £ © ¦ ‰Â‰È-χ
¤Ÿ £ © zÏLÎ
:EÂra ¨ § © ¨ Èk¦ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ §
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ Ï©â :eÈÏr ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z
¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr ¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Má§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ È㧠:‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί· ¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr § © ©
¨Ÿ Èå§ :Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡
¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ äȧ :‰ÏÒ ¨ ¤ ·˜rÈŸ £ © ȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰¨ ¦
‰˙‡N
¨ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡ÎÂ
¤ £ © § .EcÒÁ ¤Ÿ § ‰f‰
¤ § © Ï„‚k ¤ © Ìr‰ Ÿ £ © ‡-ÁÏ
¨ ¨ ÔÂrÏ ¨ © Òæ§
:¯Ó‡
© ¡ ¤ ÌL¨ § :‰p‰-„rÂ
¨ ¥ © § ÌȯˆnÓ
¦ © § ¦ ¦ ‰f‰
¤ © ÌrÏ̈¨
:LxacM
¤ ¨ § ¦ iYglq
¦ § © ¨ dedi
¨Ÿ § xn`I
¤ Ÿ eç©
¯Èr‰Â ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ‰‡¯e
¦ ¨ § ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ¥ § EÈÈr¤ ¥ Á˜t© § ,ÚÓLe
¨ § Eʇ § § ¨ | ȉχ© Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰è©
ÌÈIÈtÓ
¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ir
¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ | Èk¦ ,‰ÈÏr¨ ¤ ¨ EÓL § ¦ ‡¯˜-¯L‡
¨§¦ ¤ £
,‰ÁÏÒ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰
¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯-Ïr
¤ £ © © Èk¦ ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § eÈeÁz
¥ £ ©
‡¯˜
¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk
§ ¦ ¦ ,ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ErÓÏ
§ © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ
© © § © ,‰Nr ¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰
¨ ¦ § © È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © © § E¯Èr-Ïr
§ ¦ ©
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
.ȯ‡‰
¦ £ ¨ *Ba ÛLk ¦ § © § ¦ ˙Èa¥é .ȯ‡z
© ¨ § Èz¯‡Ùz ¦ ¢ ¨ CLÁ © ¨ § ÈLÙ ¦ § © dla` ¨ § ¨
¨ § aë¦ ÌBi‰k
‰LGL © § eÎrBc £ .ȯ‡Le ¦ ¥ § e·Êr § ¨ ¯L‡ ¤ £ È˙ËÈÏt¦ ¨ ¥ § Ìb©
Lc˜Ó¨ § ¦ eÒÒ· § ¨ eî .̘τa¨ § ¨ § eeÙËL ¨ § ÌÈB„Èf‰
¦ ¥ © ÌÈn ¦ © ‰Âì© § L‡‰ ¥ ¨ :ȯL˙a¦§ ¦ §
‰zr ¨ © eÏaÁ ¨ ª .̘ ¨ ¨ ÌBiÓ ð ¦ eËÏt § ¨ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ˙ȯ‡L ¦ ¥ § È˜Ê ¥ § ¦ .̘ÏÁ ¨ § ¤ eÊÊ·e
§¨
¨ ¨ © ¯˙¤ Èò¤ .ı¯‡‰-Ìr
ÌÊb‰ ¤ ¨ ¨ © ˙l© cñ© eÙ¯BË ¨ :̘ÈÁ‡ ¨ ¦ £ Ôa¤ ‰ÈÏ„b ¨ § © § ÌBˆ ÌBÈa§
.ı¯‡‰¤ ¨ ¨ ÊÈb¯ ¦ § Óö© ˙c˜t © ª § ÌÈ·‚BÈ ¦ § § ÌÈÓ¯B ¦ § kô .ı¯Óa ¤ ¤ § ‰a¯‡‰ ¤ § © ¨ Ï· ©¨
È˙BÁ‡Â
© § © § ¯tÒ‡ ¥ © £ ‰Ó¨ :ı¯ta ¤ ¤ © „ÓBÚ ¥ ¨ ¥ b÷ Ì·¨ ‰È‰
¥ § ¯„b-¯„B ¨ ¨ ‡Ï Ÿ § eˉG
£
e¯‡L
£ § ¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ eȂȯN ¥ ¦ § .˙BÓe‚r£ È˙Bω˜Óe © £ § © ÈLÙ ¦ § © ‰Ë˜ ¨ § ø̈ .˙BÓeˆr£
:˙BÓÁ· ¥ § eLzÂ § ª § eÓi˜˙
§ © § ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ ̉¥ „BÚ .˙BÓeˆr˙I £ © § L‡¥ „B˜ùÈÓ¦
.¯Èz˙ ¦ © eȯÈ҇¥ ¦ £ © ÚÓL © § e˙˜rˆ ¥ ¨ £ © .¯ÈzÒ˙ ¦ § © epÓ¤ È˙Ó © ¨ „r© EÈ¤ tú̈
˘Â„˜
.„Èa
« ¿ Û¯N
» ¿ ƒ :‡" (*
:È Î Ì˘ ( :‚È „Ù Ì˘ (‰ :Á ÂÓ Ì˘ („ :Ë ‚ Ì˘ (‚ :‚È ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (· :· „È Ú˘Â‰ (‡ ‡"Â˙
‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ‰‡¯ (Î :È „Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (È :ËÈ-ÁÈ Ë Ï‡È„ (Ë :Î Ì˘ (Á :ËÈ „È ¯·„Ó· (Ê
‚Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ó :‰ „Θ ÌÈω˙ (Ï :‡ ÛÈÚÒ ËÓ˜˙ ÔÓÈÒ Á"‡ Ú"¢‰ Î"Â ÔÈÈÚ .· ,ÁÈ
„È ‰ÈÚ˘È (ˆ :ÊË · ‰ÈÓ¯È Ù"Ú (Ù :„ ‡ χÂÈ (Ú :„È „Î ·-ÌÈÎÏÓ (Ò :„ Ì˘ Ù"Ú ( :ÁÈ
:· ‚È ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (˙ :ÊË È ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (˘ :‡ È ·Âȇ (¯ :Ï ·Î χ˜ÊÁÈ (˜ :ÊË
‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 182
‰Ùa¤ § EÁ·LÂ
£ § ¦ § e˙el„a
¥ © § ‰‡¯ ¥ § .¯ÈzrÓ
¦ § © e„ra
¥ £ © Ôȇ¥ Èk¦ ‰ËÈa ¨ ¦ LB„˜¨
ÛÙBÚÓ
¥ § ÚÙˆ © ¤ L¯BL¤ .ı˜Ï¥ § ıwÓe
¥ ¦ ¯B„ϧ ¯BcÓ¦ e„cL § © ª :¯ÈzÎ
¦ §©
¥ Ÿ £ © ¯tÎz
eÈ˙BÂrÏ ¥ © § .ı˜‰Â
¥ ¨ § ¯r‰¥ ¨ eËtLÓÏ
¥ ¨ § ¦ § ,ÛÈwz ¦ © .ı˜BÚ ¥ e˙B‡
¨
© Ÿ §
:ı˜¥ ¯Ó‡˙Â
ÏÁBÓ
¥ ,˙e„ÈÒÁa ¦ £ © ‚‰˙Óe¥ © § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © ‡qk ¥ ¦ Ïr© ·LB ¤ ¤ l`¥
¥ Èà CÏÓ
‰IÈÁÓ
¨ ¦ § ‰a¯Ó
¤ § © ,ÔBL‡¯¦ ÔBL‡¯¦ ¯È·r ¦ £ Ó©á ,Bnr© ˙BÂrŸ£
¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ Ìr¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ‰N ¤ ŸÚâ ,ÌÈrLBtI
¦ § © ‰ÁÈÏÒe ¨ ¦ § ÌȇËÁÏ
¦ ¨£©
LGL§ ¯ÓBÏ © el¨ ˙ȯB¨ ¥ ‰ã I‡¥ .ÏBÓ‚z § ¦ Ì˙r¯Î ¨ ¨ ¨ § ‡ÏŸ ,Áe¯Â
© §
ÂrI
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © § ,‰¯Nr ¥ § ¤ LŸÏL§ ˙ȯa ¦ § ÌBi‰© eI-¯ÎÊ ¨ ¨ § ,‰¯Nr¥§ ¤
ÌL¨ Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙iÂ
¥ © § ¦ © Ôra¨ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § „¯i ¤ ¥Âä© ·e˙kL ¨ ¤ BÓk§ ,Ì„wÓ¤¤ ¦
¨Ÿ § ÌL
:‰Â‰È ¥ ·1§ ‡¯˜i ¨ § ¦©
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰

‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Â©å
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âæ§
¨ © kç¦ :erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨ © § ·BË È„‡ ¨Ÿ £
ÌÈ··BL
¦ ¨ ÌÈ·¦ ¨ e·eLé :·B¯˜¨ B˙Bȉa § ¦ e‰‡¯˜ª ¨ § B‡ˆn‰a ¨Ÿ § EWx§ Cè¦
§ ¨ ¦ § ‰Â‰È
¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È
:eȉχ ¨Ÿ § ‰z‡ ¨ © Èk¦ CI¨ e˙‡ ¨ ¨ e‰ ¤ ¥Ÿ
§ ¦ ÌÎÈ˙·eLÓ § ‰t¯‡
¨ §¤
¤Ÿ £ © zÏLÎ
:EÂra ¨ § © ¨ Èk¦ EȉG‡ ¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § „r© χ¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ‰·e ¨ L ë
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ Ï©î :eÈÏr¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr ¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mì§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èð§ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί·¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr§ © ©
Șχ
‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ‰‡¯ („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·)  ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (‚ :‡ ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ (· : ,ËÎ ‰·¯ ‡¯˜È (‡ ‡"Â˙
‰ÈÓ¯È (È : ‰ ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ë :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (Á :Ë Ì˘ (Ê :Ê-Â Ì˘ ( :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‰ :· ,ÊÈ
:Á ÂÓ Ì˘ ( :Ë ‚ Ì˘ (Ó :‚È ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ (Ï :· „È Ú˘Â‰ (Î :·Î ‚
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
·ˆ ‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 183
¨Ÿ È᧠:Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡
¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨Ÿ àȧ :‰ÏÒ
¨ § ‰Â‰ Ÿ £ © ȉχ
¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ ¥Ÿ ¡
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ
¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰
¨ ¦
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
ȯrL
¥ £ © ˜BÙc§ ÔeÁ˙·Â £ © § ‰lÙ˙a ¨ ¦ § ¦ .ÌÈ˙ÙN ¦ © ¨ § ·È⦠˙L¯‡ ¤ ¤ £ Ê‡Ó ¨ ¥ YpO` ¨§ © ¦
˙BÁc§ .ÌÈzψr· ¦ © § © £ © ‡Ï Ÿ § ˙eÊȯÊa ¦ § ¦ EÈ„r ¤ ¨ ezLb ¥ § ¦ .ÌÈ˙I„ ¦ ©¨ §
ÔB¯·La§ ¦ § Eϧ e‡˙‡ ¨ ¨ e§ ‰ã¦ :ÌÈ˙BzrÏ
¦ © ¦ § ˙BLb¯˙n‰ § © § ¦ © ˙Bir¯et ¦ ¨ § rB¯ ©
¯˜BÁ
¥ ‰Ê¤ .·Ï¥ ˙eLwr § ¦ § Ïezt-Ïk ¦ ¨ EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ˙Bc© .·Ï¥ ˙e‡k„ § ¦ § Áe¯©
eI¨ ‡¯·e ¨ § ea¯˜a¥ § ¦ § ÔBÎ¨ Áe¯ © Lc¥ Á©å .·I¥ ȯe·LÏ ¥ § ¦ ‡ÙB¯ ¥ ‰ä̈ ˙B··Ï ¨§
·eLϨ Ìa¨ „ÈÁȦ ¨ .‰¯Nr ¨ ¨ £ ÌÈÓÈ ¦ ¨ el‡¥æ Ì„wÓ ¤ ¤ ¦ zÒkË ¨ § © ¦ :·Ï¥ ¯B‰Ë§
˙BrÏÂ £ © § reLÏ
© ¥ © § .‰¯eÒÓ ¨ § ÌÈa¯Ï ¦ © § dlk ¨ ª ‰M‰-Ïk
¨ ¨ © ¨ .‰¯tÎ ¨ ¨ © ‡ˆÓÏŸ §¦§
.BÏ ÔÈIÁBÓ ¦ £ ÌÈza
¦ © § ¦ ·L ¨ Âè§ „ÈÁi‰ ¦ ¨ © ¯‰Ó ¥ ¦ :‰¯ˆÂ ¨ ¨ § ‰˜e ¨ ˆç ˙r-ÏÎa ¥ ¨ §
˙BÈ· ¨ § ÈIÈ ¥é ¨ C¯rÂ
¥ ‡-Ïk © ¨ § ¯„Ò © ¨ .BIeerÏ ¦ § ‰wz¨ ¨ © Ôȇ¥ ·L ¨ ‡Ï Ÿ § L‡B © æ
„ÈÁi‰Â
¦ ¨ © § ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ © ¨ ˙rÈ‚t © ¦ § :BI rÓBL ©¥ Ôȇ¥ § ˜rBˆÂ¥ § ¯˙BÚ ¥ .BIÈrB‰Ï
¦ §
ÔBˆ¯· ¨ § eÏa˜ ¥ § © .‰lÙz ¨ ¦ § rÓB © ¥ Lë ‰z‡ ¨ © Èk¦ ¯eˆ .‰ÏBÚ ¨ „·Ï© § EI§
ËBtLz § ¦ ËBÙL ¨ :‰ÏBÚ ¨ § ÏÈϦ kì̈ Ôa¯˜k ¨ § ¨ § eˆ¯ ¥ § .‰ÏÈÁÓ ¨ ¦ § e‡È ¥ ˆÓ‰Â
¦ § ©§
.‰l‚ÒÏ
¨ ª § ¦ Eϧ ÌÈÁe˜Ï ¦ § EÈÒeÁÈ ¤ § EÈa ¤ ¨ .‰ÏÓÁ¨ § ¤ § ˙eÓÁ¯a ¨ £ © § e˙B‡ ¨
:‰J‰˙ ¨ ¦ § ÈÈÓ-ÏÎa
¥ ¦ ¨ § EeÏÏ‰È § © § Áˆ © ¤ .‰ÏeˆÓa
¨ § ¦ IÏˆÈ © § ª ÌȯӨ § ¤ L˜BÈ ¤
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
·BË ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰z‡-È
¨ © kð¦ .Áψ‰ © § © ·BËa§ EÈeÓ‡ ¤ ¡ .ÁÏL © § EzӇ § ¦ £ © LxF § `î
.LÙBÁI
¤ § e‡ÈˆB‰ ¥ ¦ E·eËa
§ § .LÙ ¤ ¤ Èepra ¦ § ‰ËÈa ¨ ¦ :ÁlÒ ¨©§
·L‰¥ ¨ e˙eÏb ¥ ¨ .ÌÈ·L˜ ¦ ¨ § ¦ eÈ‰È § ¦ eÈ˙BÈrb
¥ £ ¦ :LÙ-„r ¤ ¨ © ÌÈÓ ¨ kñ¦
¦ © e‡·-È
.„BÓ˙Ï § ¦ EÈ˙Ïc¤ ¨ § e˜Ùc § © ¨ :ÌÈ·LB˙ ¦ ¨ § eÁ‡ § © £ Ìȯb-È ¦ ¥ kò¦ .ÌÈ·eMÈÏ
¦ ¦§
¥ ¨ § ¦ ÌȄʦ ¥ eeˆÈϦ ‰¡ö :„‡Ó
.eȯˆÓa Ÿ § eBJ„© Èkô¦ .„BÓˆÏ § ¦ EÈχ ¤ ¥ e˜·c
§© ¨
ÌÈÏÁÈÓ
¦ £ © § EÈÈe¯Ê
¤ § :eȯvÓ ¥ ¨ ¦ ezrLB‰¨ § © Èk÷¦ .e¯eˆ ¥ E„BÂ
§ § eIÈv‰
¥ ¦ ©
˙BwÁùª :Ì„‡‰-Ïk ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ‰Ê-È ¤ kø¦ .Ì„rÒÏ ¨ £ © § E˙‡¯Èa § ¨ § ¦ § ÌkÊ ¥ © .Ì„„BÚÏ
¨ § §
E˙¯ÈË
§ ¨ ¦ :‡e‰ ÌeÁ¯Â © kú¦ .e‰pÈ
© § ÔepÁ-È ¨ ¦ EȯÁ‡
¤ £ © ‰È˜eLÁ
¨ ¤ £ .e‰z Ÿ ÌÈnr‰
¦ ©¨
‰Ó˘Â‰
Ù"Ú ( :‚ ÊÓ˜ ÌÈω˙ (‰ :·Î ‚ ‰ÈÓ¯È („ :ËÈ Ê ‰ÈÚ˘È (‚ :È Î Ì˘ (· :‚È „Ù ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:· ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ (Ë :‚ ,„ ˙Âί· ÈÓÏ˘Â¯È Ù"Ú (Á :‡ ,ÁÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ (Ê :·È ‡ Ì˘
Ì˘ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚ ‚Ó Ì˘ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡Î ‡ ÌÈω˙ (Ï :· ,ÁÓ ˙Âί· (Î :Ê Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È (È
Ì˘ (ˆ :Á ËÚ ÌÈω˙ (Ù :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ËÎ ‡-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ (Ú :· ËÒ Ì˘ (Ò :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‰ ÂÙ
:‚È · χÂÈ (˙ :‚ È ‰ÈÓ¯È (˘ :‚È ·È ˙ω˜ (¯ :Á „Ó Ì˘ (˜ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡ ËȘ
‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 184
:ÌÈiÁÓ¦ © ¥ EcÒÁ § § © ·BË-Èkঠ.ÌÈÈea ¦ § ˙BÓBÁa§ d·iË ¨ § © .ÌÈirÏ ¦ ¦ § ‰ÓNe‰ ¨ ¨
ÔÈc¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰NrÈ-È ¤ £ © k⦠.ÈprÓ ¦ © ¥ ÌÏkÈ ¥ ¨ ¦ § LB·Èᥠ.ÈrÓa ¦ £ © § ‰ÁÈN‡Â ¨ ¦ ¨ § Èzr‚È ¦ § ©¨
:ÈÓÈ
© ¨ ÔLr· ¨ ¨ ¤ eÏΨ Èkä¦ .ÈÓÈrÊÓ © ¦ § © ÌBi‰-Ïk © ¨ .ÈÓ˜ © ¨ È˙Ù ¥ §N ¦ã e„·k § ¨ :Èr ¦¨
:ÌÏBÚI
¨ § ÁÊÈ © § ¦ ‡G Èkå¦ .ÌÏÈrB‰Ï ¨ ¦ § „nÏÈ ¥ © § BnrÏ © § .ÌÏrÙk ¨ ¢ ¨ § ·ÈLÈ ¦ ¨ ̉I ¤¨
§ ¨ © B·eË-‰Ó© Èkæ¦ .BÈÙc
:BÈÙi-‰Óe § ¨ ¯ÈÒÈ ¦ ¨ epnÓ ¤ ¦ .BiÂ‡Ó © £ © ÔzÈ ¥ ¦ BÓÁ¯Ó £ ©§
˙t¯Á© § ¤ È˙‡N ¦ ¨ ¨ Èkè¦ .ȯrL © ¨ § e‡a¨ ÌȯΠ¦ § ç̈ .ȯr © ¨ e˙Le‰ ¨ ˙BnL © §
¦ © § © ¦ Èkë¦ .EÈÏe‡b
ÈzÁnN ¤ § ˙BrÏ £ © ÁÈN © ¦ .EÈIr ¤ ¨ NÈN‡ ¦ ¨ NBNé :ȯeÚ ¨ §
¤ ¨ kð¦ .ÌBÈ„Ù
EÈÏr-È § ¦ e‡ÈˆÓ‰
¥ ¦ § © ‰zr ¨ © .ÌBȇ ¨ § ‡¯B¨ î Êefrì¦ :EÏrÙa ¤ ¢ ¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ §
¨ ¨ kñ¦ .·B˜Ï
‰„Ù-È § ¦ CÏel‰
¨ ¦ ¯‡t ¥ § .·B˜r¨ C¯c ¤ ¤ ‰pt ¥ © :ÌBi‰-IÎ © ¨ e‚¯B‰ § ©
ψ¥ Èkò¦ .ı¯r ¤ ¤ ÈÓMÓ ¥ § ¦ ‰Ùˆ ¥ § .ı¯Áa ¤ ¤ § ˙BlÎI © § Eȯˆ Ÿ £ © ¤ ‰Â‰È
¤ ¨ :·˜rÈ-˙‡ ¨Ÿ §
·B¯˜¨ Èkô¦ .ÈÈBÚÏ © § § rÈÓL‰Ï
© ¦ § © § IB˜ .Ècr © ¨ ¦ ı˜¥ ·¯˜ ¥ ¨ :ı¯‡-ÈÏr¤ ¨ ¥ £ eÈÓÈ ¥¨
̯-Ȩ kö¦ .‰‡¯˙‰ ¤ ¨ § ¦ ÌÈt ¦ ¨ E˙Èr¯ § ¨ £ © .‰‡¯z ¤ § © ErB¯Ê £ § ,̯¨ :‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌBÈ
.ÈBÚÓÏ
© § ¦ ‰Irz ¤ £ © È˙rÂL ¦ ¨ § © .ÈeÁz © £ © ÏB˜ ÚÓ© L §÷ :‰‡¯È ¤ § ¦ ÏÙL ¨ ¨ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ §
EnrI
§ © § ¯Ó‡z © Ÿ .‰ˆ¯z ¤ § ¦ ‰„B˙k ¨ § ÔÁz © © :‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÈBÈ·‡-χ
¦ § ¤ ¤ rÓBL ©¥ Èkø¦
Áˆ© ¤ ÊBÚ .LaÎÈ ¦ © § Ÿ I˜L
¨ § ¦ ÌÈÊ‡Ó ¤ ¤ :‡ˆ˙ ¥ ¥ Èz‡Ó ¦ ¦ ¥ ‰¯B˙ ¨ Èkù¦ .‰v¯˙‡ ¤ ©§ ¤
:LaÁÈÂ
¨ § ¤ § ·È‡ÎÈ ¦ § © ‡e‰ Èkú¦ .LaÏÈ ¨ § ¦ § ‰ËrÈ ¤ £©
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
˙aÁ © ¦ LcÁ ¥ © Ì„˜k ¤ ¤ § ·eL .EÓ‡ ¤ ¢ ¨ k᧠eÈ˙e·L
¥ § ·eL eÓÁ¯z ¥ £ © § aEWY à̈
Et‡¤ © ÔB¯ÁÓ £ ¥ ·eLâ .EÓrÊ ¤ § © CBL ·¯˜Â ¥ ¨ § Ê‚B¯
¤ ˜Á¯ ¥ © .En‡I¤ ª§
.E˙ÏÁ
¤ ¨ £ © ˜fÁÂ¥ © § ˙B„·B‡ § Lw·e¥ © ıa˜ ¥ © :EnrÏ ¤ © § ‰r¯‰-Ir
¨ ¨ ¨ © ÌÁp‰Â ¥¨ ¦ §
.E˙IÈÁÓ
¤ ¨ ¦ § È·a ¥ § ¦ ·¯© ̇¦ ÚLt © ¤ .EÈ˙BÏÁ¯a¤ ¥ § ¦ Êʤ b‰Â ¨ ¥ £ © Ô‡Ÿˆã
¤ © § ‰‚¯‰‰
¯ÒB·e
¤ eÈrˉ
¨ ¦ § ¦ eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £ ÔÂr Ÿ £ :E˙IÁ ¤ ¨ £ © ÈË·L
¥ § ¦ EÈ„·r ¤ ¨ £ ÔrÓÏ
© © § ·eL ä
ÔÎLa
¤ ¤ § ʇk ¨ § ‡¨ .eÓÈrʉ¨ ¦ § ¦ § eÈrI‰
¨ ¦ § ¦ e˜L‰ ¨ § ¦ Ïr¯-Û© © Ò©å .eÓÈrˉ¨ ¦ § ¦
‡ÏŸ ÒB‡Ó¨ :enr ¨ ¦ EÒrk
§ © © ¯Ù‰Â¥ ¨ § erLÈ ¥ Ÿ ¡ e·e
¥ § ¦ ȉχ ¥ Læ .eÓÈr‰
¨ ¦ § ¦ „ÁÈ©©
.EÈ„r ¤ ¨ ̯·N¨ § ¦ Á¯Ó˙‰Ïe
© ¥ ¨ § ¦ § Á¯BÒk
© ¥ § ÌȘBÏ ¦ .EÈ„ÈrÓ ¤ ¦ § EÈÒBÁ ¤ zÒ‡Ó̈
¨§ ©
ÒÚÎ
·˜ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (‰ :·Ò ‚ ‰Îȇ („ :‚È Ó˜ Ì˘ (‚ :„ ‰Ï Ì˘ Ù"Ú (· :„ ‚Ò ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
‰ÈÚ˘È (È :ÁÈ ‡Ï ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ë :‡È ˜ÂÒÙ ‰È„·ÂÚ Ù"Ú (Á :ÊÈ Ë ‰È¯ÎÊ (Ê :‡Ï Ì˘ ‰Îȇ ( :„
‰ÈÓ¯È (Ò :‚Î „Ó ÌÈω˙ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ê ‡ ˜Â˜·Á (Ó :Á „Î Ì˘ (Ï :‰ ·ˆ ÌÈω˙ (Î :È ‡Ò
:„Ï ËÒ Ì˘ (¯ :· ÁÎ Ì˘ (˜ : ÁϘ ÌÈω˙ (ˆ :ÂË ‡ χÂÈ (Ù :Ë Á ·Âȇ (Ú :È ‡Ï
·Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (‚ :‚ Ï ‰ÈÓ¯È ‰‡¯ (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ËÈ Ê ‰ÎÈÓ (‡ :ÁÈ ‰ ·Âȇ (˙ :„ ‡ ‰ÈÚ˘È (˘
:‰ ‰Ù ÌÈω˙ (Ê :· ·È ‰È¯ÎÊ ( :ÊÈ ‚Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È (‰ :„ ‡È ‰È¯ÎÊ („ :·È
‚ˆ ‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 185
ÌÁp‰Â
¥ ¨ ¦ § È˙Ó-„r
¨ ¨ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰·e ¨ Là .EÈ„arÓ ¤ ¨ § © ¯LBÈ ¤ ˙cÓk © ¦ § ˙Bv¯Ï © § Òrk ©©
¯N© a᧠‰lΠ¨ ¦ § ÒeÓr ¨ § ÒeÓ˨ .E„BÒ ¤ ÈeJb¦ ‰tˆ ¤ © § ÌBÈ ÌBÈ :EÈ„·r ¤ ¨ £ Ïr©
‰ˆlÁ¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰·e ¨ Lã .EÈ„ÒÁ ¤ ¨ £ ÌÈe˜Ó ¦ © § eaÏ ¥ ¦ ‰¯·L ¨ § ¨ ‰t¯ ¨ § Á¤â .EÈ„ÈÒÁ¤ ¦ £
ȉȦ § ©å .·‚¯
¤ ¤ È„¯BÈ-Ìr
¥ § ¦ e·LÁ
§ © § Âä¤ § eÁpÊ
§ © ª :EcÒÁ¤ § © ÔrÓI© © § erÈLB‰Â
¥ ¦ § eLÙ ¥ §©
.·‚Na¤ ¤ § CJ‰˙‰ ¥ © § ¦ ‰„B˙ ¨ § ‰p¯a ¨ ¦ § Ìȯ„Bw‰ ¦ § © .·‚r ¨ ª § ¯ÈL ¦ § ¯Bpk¦ Ï·‡Ï ¤¥§
EÈÒBÁ¤ ÌÁÏ ¤ ¤ ‰rÓc ¨ § ¦ :·‚pa ¤ ¤ © ÌȘÈÙ‡k¦ ¦ £ © e˙È·L-˙‡ ¥ ¦ § ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰·e ¨ Læ
ȯLÈÏ
¥ § ¦ § z¯a„k ¨ § © ¦ § ʇ¨ ÔBÊÁa ¨ § .χ¥ ȯˆ ¥ ¨ Û¯Áa ¤ ¤ § ‰i‡ ¥ © I‡Bb ¥ .I‡¥ ȯeˆ ¦
§ § ¨ ‰h¥ ‰©é ‰Â‰È
Eʇ ¨Ÿ § ‰rÓ ¨ §Lè¦ :χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ÈÙχ ¥ § © ˙B··¯ § ¦ ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ‰·e ¨ L ç .χ¥
ea¯© eÈ˙B·eL ¥ Óð§ .‰·ÈL‰¨ ¦ ¨ ÈzÁÏ ¦ § © Òî̈ ‡-Á ¨ Ï© Òì§ ÈJÁÓÏ¥ © § ¦ .‰·ÈL˜ ¨ ¦ § ‰ë©
:‰·eLÂ
¨ ¨ § EÈχ ¤ ¥ | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § e·ÈL¥ ¦ ‰£ò .‰·eL ¨ ¥ ¨ § Èñ¦ zÁ˙Ùe
χ¯N ¨ § ©¨
¥ £ ȉχÂ
:eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥Ÿ ¡
Ôk¥ Ïr© ‰„·‡ ¨ § Ÿ χô© .Ôw¯ ¥ ¦ ̇¦ ÔkL ¥ ¦ ω‡ ¤ Ÿ .Ôw‰ ¥ © Ú·¯ © Ÿ ÒÙ‡ © ¨ m`¦
B˙Èeˆ ¦ ¦ .¯ÈkÊ¦ § © EÈÙI
¤ ¨ § B˜„ˆÂ § ¦ § .¯Èk˙ ¦ © BÏ ÌÈ¦ t÷¨ :Ô˜Ê ¥ ¨ ·‡¨ eÏ-L ¨ Èö¤
¯rp‰-χ
© © © ¤ ı¯¨ :¯È˜¦ Ïr© BÓ„¨ ‰ˆÓ ¨ § ¦ ù§ .¯ÈwÈ ¦ © Ea-˙‡§ ¦ ¤ ‡-Á ¨ ˜ø©
¯Ê¤Âॠ§ .BM‡Â¦ § ÌȈra ¦ ¥ § B¯hr § ¦ .BLÙ· § © § ‰¯eL˜ ¨ § BLÙ § © Âú§ .BLÈc˜‰Â ¦§ ¦§
‰p¥ ‰á¦ .È·‡ ¦ ¨ ¯Ó‡Â © ¨ § ‰r ¨ ¨ .È·vk¦ § © Ϙe‰ © C¯© „ÈÁȦ ¨ :BL‡¯-Ïr Ÿ © ÂȉG‡ ¨ ¡
B·ÈL‰ ¦ ¡ ÔÈlÓ ¦ ¦ :‡È·‰Ï-Ôȇ ¦ ¨ § ¥ ‰¯eL˙ ¨ § eâ .‡È· ¦ ¨ ÌȈr‰Â ¦ ¥ ¨ § L‡‰ ¥ ¨
¨Ÿ § Ú„BÈ
‰Â‰È © Âä§ .Bl-‰‡¯È ¤ § ¦ ÌÈ‰Ï ¦ Ÿ ‡¡ã .BI ¯Ó‡Â © ¨ § ÂÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ ‰r ¨ ¨ .BIȉ·‰lÓ ¦ § ©§ ¦
.Ìȯ‰¯‰Ó ¦ £ § © § ‡Ï Ÿ EȯÁ‡Â ¤ £ © § .Ìȯ‰Ê ¦ ¨ § ¦ ̉ÈL¤ ¥ § EÈ˙ˆÓa ¤ Ÿ § ¦ § :BÏ-¯L‡-˙‡ ¤ £ ¤
e¯‰Ó £ ¦ .‰IeÏz ¨ § L‡¥ e‡¯¨ :Ìȯ‰‰ ¦ ¨ ¤ „Á‡ © © Ïr©å .Ìȯ‰Ó ¦ ¨ § ¦ „‡Ó Ÿ § eLÁ¨
‰‡¯ ¨ ¨ :‰JÒÓ ¨ ¦ § ‰·¯ra ¨ ¨ £ ¨ e¯M § È©æ .‰ÏeÏÎ ¨ § ‰·‰‡a ¨ £ © § „ÁÈ © © .‰ÏBÚ ¨ Ȉr
¥£
.‰Nrz ¤ £ © N·Îk ¤ ¤ § È˙B‡ ¦ .‰qÓ‰¤ ª § © B¯B‰I§ Ì¨ .‰O‰ ¤ © ‡e‰ Èk¦ „ÈÁÈ̈ ¦
̇‰ ¦ © .ÛBNÁ‡ § ¤ BÏ È··Ï ¦ ¨ § .ÛBÒÎ § ¦ § ıÙÁ ¥ ¨ Èa¦ :‰qÎ˙-‡Ï¤ © § Ÿ § ÏÓÁ˙-‡ Ÿ § © ŸÏç
Ba¯Á § © § .„˜r © ¨ ÂÈÏ‚¯Â
¨ § © § ÂÈ„È ¨ ¨ :ÛÒ‡È Ÿ ¡ ¤ ÂÈI‡ ¨ ¥ È˙ÓL ¦ ¨ § ¦ § ÈÁe ¦ ¯è .ÛBÒ ÈrÓz ¦¥¨ § ¦
ÂÈÏÚ
Ì˘ Ù"Ú (‰ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‰ Â Ì˘ („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡Î ËÒ Ì˘ (‚ :· ËÚ Ì˘ (· :‚È ˆ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:‡ ÊÈ ÌÈω˙ (Ë :ÂÏ È ¯·„Ó· (Á :„ ÂΘ ÌÈω˙ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‡Ï Ï ·Âȇ ( :‰ ÁÙ
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ê „È ‰ÈÓ¯È ( :Î Ì˘ (Ó :ËÈ „È ¯·„Ó· (Ï :ËÈ Ì˘ (Î :ÁÈ Ë Ï‡È„ Ù"Ú (È
:Î „Ó ˙È˘‡¯· Ù"Ú (ˆ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) „È ‡ ‰ÂÈ (Ù :‡Î ‰ ‰Îȇ (Ú :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · „È Ú˘Â‰ (Ò
:Ï „Ó ˙È˘‡¯· Ù"Ú (˙ :ÂË ‡ ‡¯˜È Ù"Ú (˘ :· ·Î ˙È˘‡¯· (¯ :ËÈ ÊË Ìȯ·„ Ù"Ú (˜
Ù"Ú (‰ :Á Ì˘ ˙È˘‡¯· („ :Ê Ë ‡-χÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (‚ :Ê ·Î ˙È˘‡¯· (· :Ê Â ¯·„Ó· Ù"Ú (‡
„È „Ï ·Âȇ (Ë :Ë ‚È Ìȯ·„ Ù"Ú (Á :‚ Ó ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ê :‚ Ì˘ ˙È˘‡¯· ( :‰ ÊË ¯·„Ó·
:(ÈÂÈ˘·)
‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 186
:„˜ez © ÁaÊn‰-Ïr
© ¥ § ¦ © © L‡‰ ¥ ¨ Âৠ.„˜L © ¨ ÌȈr ¦ ¥ Ïr© BÓeNϧ .„˜t © ¨ ÂÈÏr ¨ ¨
‰p‰ ¥ ¦ Â᧠.ÂÈÏra
¨ ¨ § ÌLÏ ¥ § BËÁLI £ ¨ § .ÂÈI‡ ¨ ¥ Lb © ¦ ÂÈ·‡Â¦ ¨ § .ÂÈχÓ
¨ ¥ ¥ ËLt © ¨ ¯‡eˆ ¨©
.‰ÒÁ ¨ ¨ ‡G Ba§ Ïr© ·‡‰ ¨ ¨ .‰Nr ¨ £ © ¯L‡-˙‡
¤ £ ¤ ¯˜Á © ¨ :ÂÈIr¨ ¨ ·v ¨Ÿ §
¨ ¦ ‰Â‰È
‡¯˜ ¨ ¨ :‰Nr ¨ ¨ ¯L‡-Ïk-˙‡
¤ £ ¨ ¤ Ìȉχ ¦ Ÿ ¡ ‡¯i§ ©Ââ© .‡N ¨ ¨ ÂÈtk-I‡
¨ © ¤ BaI¦
‰Nr ¥ £ ©å .¯Á‡ ¦ © ¥ ‰ä¦ .¯Á·z
© © Ïȇ-‰p ¨ § ¦ Ea § ¦ ˙¯eÓz © § .¯ÁLÓ ¨ § ¦ ÌÁ¯ 㥠§
¤ ¤ ÓÏ
.B˙¯Óz ¨ § ¦ ‰Ïr˙¤ £ © § .B˙¯Ë˜‰¨ ¨ § © ÔBkz¦ .B˙¯kʇ ¨ ¨ § © ÈÙÈÏÁ
¥ ¦ £ :¯Á‡z-I‡Â
©© § ©§
.˜ÁeÈ © ¯Ù¤ qa ¥ç © „rÏ © ¨ .˜ÁMa © © © EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ÔB¯kÊ ¨ ¦ :B˙¯eÓ˙e¨ § ‡e‰-‰È‰ ¨ ¨ Âæ§
Ìȇa ¦ ¨ Eȇ¯B˜
¤ § :˜ÁˆÈ-˙‡Â ¨ § ¦ ¤ § ̉¯·‡-˙ ¨ ¨ § © ‡è¤ .˜ÁÓ © § ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ ÌÏBÚ¨ ˙ȯa ¦§
È¥ té§ .„B˜Ùz § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯a ¦ £ © § E‡ˆ § Ÿ .„B˜Lz § ¦ ‰„˜r ¨ ¥ £ ˜„ˆa ¤ ¤ § .„BwI¦
:„B˜r-χ ¨ ¤ Ô‡v‰ Ÿ ©

¯BNrϨ ¤ ‰Òk ¤ ¤ ÔÈa¥ .‰··BM‰


¨ ¥ © ˙·Ï ©ë § ‰·eLz
¨ § C¯„¤ ¤ zixFd
¨ ¥
:‰·eLÂ
¨ ¨ § EÈχ ¤ ¥ | ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § e·ÈL
¥ ¦ ‰£ì .‰·eLI
¨ ¨ EÈ„r ¤¨
ı¯r
¤ ¤ zÁzÓ‰
¨ § © § ¦ ̯Ëa¤ ¤ § .‰·eLz
¨ § zÓc˜‰
¨ § © § ¦ Ì„wÓ ¨ ¥ ʇî̈
¤ ¤ ¦ ʇÓ
.‰·eLÁ
¨ £ ‡t¯Óe ¥ § © ȯˆ ¦ ¢ ÌÈ·M‰-ÏÎÏ
¦ ¨ © ¨ § Ìb© .‰·e‚¯ ¨ § È„BÒÈÂ
¥ ¦
:‰·ÈL‰lÓ
¨ ¦ ¨ § ¦ ̘ȯ ¨ ¥ EÈ˙I„ ¤ ¨ § ȘÙBc
¥§
.‰·eLÏ
¨ ¨ EÈ„r
¤ ¨ ¯BNrÏ
¨ ¤ ‰Òk
¤ ¤ ÔÈa¥ .‰··BM‰
¨ ¥ © ˙·Ï © § ‰·eLz
¨ § C¯„
¤ ¤ ˙ȯB‰
¨ ¥
:‰·eLÂ
¨ ¨ § EÈχ ¨Ÿ § e·ÈL‰
¤ ¥ | ‰Â‰È ¥ ¦ £

B˙ÈqÂ
¦ ¦ § .¯ˆB¨ ÔBL‡¯¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ Ï·¥ z¥ ˙B¯Ùr § © L‡Ÿ¯ð Ô‰¥
ÂÈÏr
¨ ¨ zÙ‡Â
¨ § © ¨ § zÓrÊ
¨ § © ¨ .¯ˆ
¨ ¨ ‡Ï Ÿ d˙B‡Â ¨ § ‰l˜ ¨ © ‰Âˆ ñ¦ §
¨ § Óa
:¯ˆ‰
¨ § ª ÔBLȇÎe
¦ § ‰·eL˙a
¨ § ¦ ¯Ê©Áò̈ .¯v˜Ï
¥ © § ÂÈ˙BL
¨ §
.‰·eLÏ
¨ ¨ EÈ„r
¤ ¨ ¯BNrÏ
¨ ¤ ‰Òk
¤ ¤ ÔÈa¥ .‰··BM‰
¨ ¥ © ˙·Ï © § ‰·eLz
¨ § C¯„
¤ ¤ ˙ȯB‰
¨ ¥
:‰·eLÂ
¨ ¨ § EÈχ ¨Ÿ § e·ÈL‰
¤ ¥ | ‰Â‰È ¥ ¦ £

‰kŸ ˙ÎÏ
¤ ¤ „Â ö̈ § Bz¯qÈ
¨ ¨ Úa § © ¦ .BÎÙLa ¦ ¨ ÈÓ¥ cô§ BÚÊ‚
§ ¨ § ÂÈÁ‡ § ¦ ‰rË
¨¨
‰ÎÂ
·Î ˙È˘‡¯· (‰ :‚ Ș ÌÈω˙ („ :‡Ï ‡ Ì˘ (‚ :‚È ÁÎ ˙È˘‡¯· Ù"Ú (· :‰  ‡¯˜È (‡ ‡"Â˙
:„Î · ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (Ë :‚Î ËÈ ·Âȇ Ù"Ú (Á :‚Ï ÊÎ ‡¯˜È (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ËÈ Ë Ï‡È„ ( :‚È
ÂÎ Á ÈÏ˘Ó ( :‡ ,„ ÌÈÁÒÙ ‰‡¯ (Ó :‡Î ‰ ‰Îȇ (Ï :‡Î ‡Ï ‰ÈÓ¯È (Î :Ó Ï ˙È˘‡¯· (È
Ì˘ (ˆ :È „ ˙È˘‡¯· Ù"Ú (Ù :· ,ÁÈ Ôȷ¯ÈÚ ‰‡¯ (Ú :‡È ,·Î ‰·¯ ˙È˘‡¯· ‰‡¯ (Ò :È"˘¯Â
:·È
„ˆ ‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 187
ÌÈ˙r· ¦â § .Bk¯c
¦ © ¨ § LÏ § © rB¯
© ·Ê©rÂá̈ § EÈχ
¤ ¥ ·Là̈ ˙rk Ÿ ¨
¥ ¨ .‰ÎÂ
:Bk‰Ï
© § ÈÏa
¦ § B‡ˆBÓ-Ïk
§ ¨ Bzί‡‰
§ ©¡ ¤
.‰·eLÏ
¨ ¨ EÈ„r
¤ ¨ ¯BNrÏ
¨ ¤ ‰Òk
¤ ¤ ÔÈa¥ .‰··BM‰
¨ ¥ © ˙·Ï ã© § ‰·eLz
¨ § C¯„
¤ ¤ ˙ȯB‰
¨ ¥
:‰·eLÂ
¨ ¨ § EÈχ ¨Ÿ § e·ÈL
¤ ¥ | ‰Â‰È ¥ ¦ ‰£ä

¨ § © eÈ˨ æ̈ .ÌÈnk


ÂÈÏ‚¯ ¦ © © ÊÁt
© ¨ ¯L‡ ¤ £ B„ÏBȧ ÈreˆÈ
¥ § ÏlÁ¥ © Óå§
¥ § © ¯ebç Á¯Ò
‰È¯‡ © ¨ .ÌÈnk
¦ © © ·Ï¥ CÙL © ¨ ÈÏeI
¥ ËrÓk
© § ¦
˜„ˆÏ
¤ ¤ § Bzr¯Î‰Â
§ © § ¦ § ‰„B‰¨ BŸ r£é .ÌÈÈr· ¨ ¥ § aè¦
¦ © ¥ ¨ ‡È‰¦ ‰L„˜
¦©§ Ÿ §
:ÌÈʇÓa
.‰·eLÏ
¨ ¨ EÈ„r
¤ ¨ ¯BNrÏ
¨ ¤ ‰Òk
¤ ¤ ÔÈa¥ .‰··BM‰
¨ ¥ © ˙·Ï © § ‰·eLz
¨ § C¯„
¤ ¤ ˙ȯB‰
¨ ¥
:‰·eLÂ
¨ ¨ § EÈχ ¨Ÿ § e·ÈL‰
¤ ¥ | ‰Â‰È ¥ ¦ £

˜LÁ
© ¨ ÌȯL‡
¦ ¥ £ ÈÓψ
¥ § © .ÚL¯a ¦ § ¨ a¤ë ÌÏBÚ
© ¤ § ȯÓr-Ô ¨ ˙B¯„b ¥ § ı¯t
©¨
¨ § © ˜î̈ .ÚLt
B·eLa§ BÈc¦ ¯Êb© § zr¯ © ¤ B˙‡hÁ-Ïr
¨ © © ÛÈÒB‰ ¦ Âì§
:ÚLB
© E·e § ·ÊBÚÂ
¥ § ‰„B ð § ÌÁ¯
¤ Ók © ª .ÚLÙlÓ
© §¦ ¦
.‰·eLÏ
¨ ¨ EÈ„r
¤ ¨ ¯BNrÏ
¨ ¤ ‰Òk
¤ ¤ ÔÈa¥ .‰··BM‰
¨ ¥ © ˙·Ï © § ‰·eLz
¨ § C¯„
¤ ¤ ˙ȯB‰
¨ ¥
:‰·eLÂ
¨ ¨ § EÈχ ¨Ÿ § e·ÈL‰
¤ ¥ | ‰Â‰È ¥ ¦ £

ÌB„Êe
¨ § ÌBÈ‚L ¨ § © ¯Èrò¦ ÈL‡
¨ § ¦ .‰ÏB„b‰ ¥ § © ,ıÁk
¥ § ÌBLÏ ¨ñ
¨ § e§ L
˙˙¯¤ ¤ ÌeÊÁ‡
¨ £ Ì˙ÎÈÙ‰
¨ ¨ ¦ £ ÔBÊÁ£ Czz © ¦ .‰ÏrÓÏ
¨ § © § „r© e·¯« ¨
E„B·Î
¤ § ‡qÎ ¥ ¦ ÈÙIÂ
¥ § ¦ § Ô‚B‰k
¤ § eNr¨ ‰·eLz ¨ § .‰ÏÁÏÁÂ
¨ ¨§ ©§
:‰Ïa˜˙
¨ § © §¦
.‰·eLÏ
¨ ¨ EÈ„r
¤ ¨ ¯BNrÏ
¨ ¤ ‰Òk
¤ ¤ ÔÈa¥ .‰··BM‰
¨ ¥ © ˙·Ï © § ‰·eLz
¨ § C¯„
¤ ¤ ˙ȯB‰
¨ ¥
:‰·eLÂ
¨ ¨ § EÈχ ¨Ÿ § e·ÈL‰
¤ ¥ | ‰Â‰È ¥ ¦ £

©Ÿ § ˙ÎÏ
Á¯‡a ¤ ¤ ÚcÓ
© © ercÈ
¥ § © .‰¯e·‚a ¨ § ¤ö ·ÏÂ
¨ § ¦ ¯Ê‡ ¥ ¨ ˙BÈÏk ¥ aô
¨ § ÔÁB
‰¯˘È
‡Ï ‰ÈÓ¯È („ :ÂË „ ˙È˘‡¯· Ù"Ú (‚ :Ê ‰ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (· :‚È ,·Î ‰·¯ ˙È˘‡¯· ‰‡¯ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:Ë Ì˘ ˙È˘‡¯· (Á :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ‚Ú ÌÈω˙ (Ê :„ ËÓ ˙È˘‡¯· Ù"Ú ( :‡Î ‰ ‰Îȇ (‰ :‡Î
‰‡¯ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÏ „Ï ·Âȇ (Ï :ËÎ ÊË ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ (Î :ÂÎ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (È :‡Î ÁÏ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Ë
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ‡ ‰ÂÈ (Ú :„ Ó˜ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (Ò :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚È ÁÎ ÈÏ˘Ó ( :ËÎ-ÊÎ ‡Î ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ
:Ê ‰Ò ÌÈω˙ (ˆ :Î ‡È ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ù
‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 188
ErÓÏ
§ © © § ‡¨ .‰¯¯Òe
¨ ¨ § ÚLÙa
© ¤ § ea¯© ̇¦ eÈ˙B·eL
¥ Óৠ.‰¯LÈ
¨¨ §
:‰¯eLk
¨ § ‰·eLz
¨ § ˙BNr£ e·ÈL‰
¥ ¦ £
.‰·eLÏ
¨ ¨ EÈ„r
¤ ¨ ¯BNrÏ ¨ ¤ ‰Òk¤ ¤ ÔÈa¥ .‰··BM‰
¨ ¥ © ˙·Ï á© § ‰·eLz
¨ § C¯„¤ ¤ ˙ȯB‰
¨ ¥
:‰·eLÂ
¨ ¨ § EÈχ ¨Ÿ § e·ÈL
¤ ¥ | ‰Â‰È ¥ ¦ ‰£â

ÏÁBÓ
¥ ,˙e„ÈÒÁa ¦ £ © ‚‰˙Óe
¥ © § ¦ ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © ‡qk ¥ ¦ Ïr© ·LB ¥ Èã CÏÓ¤ ¤ l`¥
‰IÈÁÓ
¨ ¦ § ‰a¯Ó
¤ § © ,ÔBL‡¯¦ ÔBL‡¯¦ ¯È·r Ÿ£
¦ £ Óä© ,Bnr© ˙BÂr
¯Na-Ik
¨ ¨ ¨ Ìr¦ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § ‰N ¤ ŸÚå ,ÌÈrLBtI
¦ § © ‰ÁÈÏÒe ¨ ¦ § ÌȇËÁÏ
¦ ¨£©
LGL§ ¯ÓBÏ © el¨ ˙ȯB¨ ¥ ‰æ I‡¥ .ÏBÓ‚z § ¦ Ì˙r¯Î Ÿ ,Áe¯Â
¨ ¨ ¨ § ‡Ï © §
ÂrI
¨ ¨ ¤ zr„B‰k
¨ § © § ,‰¯Nr ¥ § ¤ LŸÏL§ ˙ȯa ¦ § ÌBi‰© eI-¯ÎÊ ¨ ¨ § ,‰¯Nr
¥§ ¤
ÌL¨ Bnr¦ ·vÈ˙iÂ
¥ © § ¦ © Ôra
¨ ¨ ¤ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § „¯i ¤ ¥Âç© ·e˙kL ¨ ¤ BÓk§ ,Ì„wÓ
¤¤ ¦
¨Ÿ § ÌL
:‰Â‰È ¥ ·1§ ‡¯˜i ¨ § ¦©
:‰Ê ¯Ó‡ Ôȇ „ÈÁÈ· ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰

‡¯˜iÂ
¨ § ¦ © ÂÈt-Ïr
¨ ¨ © | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯·ri
Ÿ £ ©Âè©
„ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡ ¦ © © C¯‡ ¤ ¤ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § | dedi ¨Ÿ §
ÚLÙÂ
© ¤ ¨ ÔÂrŸ ¨ ‡N ¥ Ÿ ÌÈÙÏ‡Ï ¦ ¨ £ ¨ „ÒÁ ¤ ¤ ¯ˆ ¥ Ÿ :˙Ӈ ¤ ¡¤
Î"Ú :‰wÂ¥ © § ‰‡hÁÂ
¨ ¨ ©§
:ezÏÁe
¨ § © § e˙‡hÁÏe
¥ ¨ © § eÂrÏ ¥Ÿ £ © zÁÏÒ
¨ § © ¨ Âé§
¨ © kë¦ :erL
‰z‡-È § ¨ Ù2̈ Èk¦ ekÏÓ ¨ © § .e‡Ë¨ Á2̈ Èk¦ eÈ·‡
¥ § © eÏ-ÏÁÓ ¦ ¨ eϨ -glq© §
¤ §Ÿ
:Eȇ¯˜-ÏÎÏ ¨ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
¤ ¤ © § ,ÁlÒ ¨Ÿ £
¨ © § ·BË È„‡
,‰reLȉ
¨ § © ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ Ï©î :eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ôk¥ ,ÌÈa-Ïr¦ ¨ © ·‡¨ mgx ¥ © Mì§
eÏ-·bNÓ
¨ ¨ § ¦ ,enr ¨ ¦ ˙B‡·ˆ ¨ § ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èð§ :‰Ïq ¨ ¤ E˙ί·
¤ ¨ § ¦ Enr-Ïr§ © ©
¨Ÿ òȧ :Ca¨ ÁËa
‰Â‰ © ¥ Ÿ Ì„‡ ¨ ¨ ȯL‡
¥ § © ,˙B‡·ˆ ¨Ÿ Èñ§ :‰IÒ
¨ § ‰Â‰ Ÿ £ © ȉχ
¨ ¤ ·˜rÈ ¥Ÿ ¡

χ
:e‡¯˜-ÌBÈ·
¥ §¨ § erÈ¥ £ © CÏn‰
¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰
¨ ¦

‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ (‰ : ,ËÎ ‰·¯ ‡¯˜È („ :‡Î ‰ ‰Îȇ (‚ :‡Î ‡Ï Ì˘ (· :Ê „È ‰ÈÓ¯È Ù"Ú (‡ ‡"Â˙
:Ê-Â Ì˘ (Ë :‰ „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Á :· ,ÊÈ ‰˘‰ ˘‡¯ ‰‡¯ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·)  ‚˜ ÌÈω˙ ( :‡ ,ÊÈ
:‚È „Ù Ì˘ (Ò :Á ÂÓ Ì˘ ( :Ë ‚ Ì˘ (Ó :‚È ‚˜ Ì˘ (Ï :‰ ÂÙ ÌÈω˙ (Î :Ë Ì˘ (È
:È Î Ì˘ (Ú
¯Ú˘ 'Ìȯه È¯Ú˘') Z '‰-Ï Ì˘· ÔÈ· ËÚÓ ˜ÈÒÙ‰Ï ˘È '‰ Ì˘· ‡¯˜È ˜ÂÒÙ‰ ˙‡È¯˜· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ʘ ÛÈÚÒ ‰
.(Ú"ÂÓ˘·Î) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ÂÚ˘Ù ,Â‡ËÁ ÌÈÏÓ· (2
‰ˆ ‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 189
eBl„© Èk¦ ,EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © eeÓc˜È § © § ¯‰Ó ¥ © ,ÌÈBL‡¯ ¦ ¦ ˙BÂr Ÿ £ eÏ-¯kÊz ¨ ¨ § ¦ -l`à©
-eÏ-¯ÎÊ
¨ ¨ § EcÒÁk § § © § ¯kÊz-I‡ Ÿ § ¦ © eÈrLÙe ¥ ¨ § | eȯeÚ ¥ § ˙‡h Ÿ Áá© :„‡Ó Ÿ §
:‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § E·eË § ÔrÓÏ
© © § ,‰z‡ ¨ ©
,Enr ¤ © ÔBˆ¯a § ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § e¯Î ¥ § Êã̈ :‰n‰ ¨ ¥ ÌÏBÚÓ ¨ ¥ Èk¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁ ¤ ¨ £ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © xk Ÿ fâ§
Ë·L ¤ ¥ zχb ¨ § © ¨ Ì„w ¤ ¤ ,˙È˜ ¨ ¦ ¨ | E˙„r § ¨ £ ¯Î Ÿ äʧ :E˙reLÈa ¤¨ ¦ e„˜t ¥§¨
˙·‰‡ © £ © ,ÌÏLe¯È ¦¨ ¨ § ˙aÁ © ¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯BÎʧ :Ba zÎL ¨ § © ¨ | ‰Ê¤ ÔBiˆ-¯‰ ¦ © ,E˙ÏÁ ¤¨ £©
‡·-Èk
¨ ¦ dÁI ¨ § ¤ § ˙r-Èk ¥ ¦ ,ÔBiˆ¦ ÌÁ¯z ¥ © § Ìe˜˙¨ ‰z¨ ‡©æ :ÁˆÏ © ¤ ¨ ÁkLz-Ï © § ¦ ‡©å ÔBiˆ¦
e¯r¨ | e¯r¨ ÌȯӇ‰ ¦ § Ÿ ¨ ,ÌILe¯È ¦¨ ¨ § ÌBÈ ˙‡¥ ,ÌB„‡¡ È·Ï ¥ § ¦ | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯Î Ÿ Êç§ :„rBÓ ¥
zraL
¨ § © § ¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ EÈ„·r ¤ ¨ £ χ¯NÈÏe ¥ ¨ § ¦ § ˜ÁˆÈÏ ¨ § ¦ § ̉¯·‡I ¨ ¨ § © § ¯Î Ÿ èʧ :da¨ „BÒȉ § © „r©
,ÌÈÓM‰
¦ ¨ ¨ © È·ÎBÎk ¥ § § ÌÎr¯Ê-˙‡ ¤ £ § © ¤ ‰a¯‡ ¤ § © ̉I‡ ¤ ¥ £ ¯a„z ¥ © § © Ca¨ ̉Ï̈ ¤
¯ÎŸ Êé§ :ÌÏÚÏ ¨ Ÿ § eÏÁ £ ¨ § ÌÎr¯ÊÏ ¤ £ § © § Ôz‡ ¥ ¤ Èz¯Ó‡ ¦ § © ¨ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ˙‡f‰ Ÿ © ı¯‡‰-ÏΠ¤¨ ¨ ¨§
‰f‰¤ © Ìr‰ ¨ ¨ ÈL˜-I‡ ¦ § ¤ ÔÙz-I‡ ¤ ¥ © ,·˜rÈÏe Ÿ £ © § ˜ÁˆÈÏ ¨ § ¦ § ̉¯·‡I ¨ ¨ § © § EÈ„·rI ¤ ¨ £©
eχB
§ © ¯L‡ ¤ £ ,˙‡hÁ ¨ © eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ˙L˙ ¥ ¨ ‡-Ï ¨ ‡ë© :B˙‡hÁ-χ ¨ © ¤ § BÚL¯-I‡Â § ¦ ¤§
:e¯ˆBÈ¥ § eÏ-ÁÏÒ ¨ © § e¯eˆ ¥ e‡ËÁ ¨ ¨ :e‡ËÁ ¨ ¨ ¯L‡Â ¤ £©
ۇ© § ·B˜rÈ £ © È˙ȯa-˙‡
¦ ¦ § ¤ Èz¯ÎÊ ¦ § © ¨Âì§ ,z¯Ó‡¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ˙B·‡¨ ˙ȯa ¦ § eϨ xFkf§
Ÿ § ¤ ı¯‡‰Â
:¯kʇ ¤ ¨ ¨ § ¯kʇ Ÿ § ¤ ̉¯·‡ ¨ ¨ § © È˙ȯa-˙‡ ¦ ¦ § ¤ ۇ © § ˜ÁˆÈ ¨ § ¦ È˙ȯa-˙‡¦ ¦§ ¤
˙ȯa ¦ § Ì‰Ï ¤ ¨ Èz¯ÎÊ ¦ § © ¨î§ ,z¯Ó‡ ¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ÌÈBL‡¯ ¦ ¦ ˙ȯa ¦ § eI¨ ¯BÎʧ
˙BÈ‰Ï § ¦ ÌÈBb‰ ¦ © ÈÈrÏ ¥ ¥ § ,ÌȯˆÓ ¦ © § ¦ ı¯‡Ó ¤ ¤ ¥ Ì˙‡-È˙‡ˆB‰ ¨Ÿ ¦ ¥ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ,ÌÈL‡¯ ¦Ÿ ¦
Ÿ © © Âð§ ,ezÁË·‰L
˙‡Ê-Ìb-Û‡ ¨ § © § ¦ ¤ BÓk§ enr ¨ ¦ ‰Nr ¥ £ :‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È‡ ¦ £ ÌÈ‰Ï‡Ï ¦ Ÿ ¥ Ì‰Ï ¤¨
¯Ù‰Ï
¥ ¨ § Ì˙lÎÏ ¨ Ÿ © § ÌÈzÏr‚-‡Ï ¦ § © § Ÿ § ÌÈzÒ‡Ó-‡G ¦ § © § ̉È
¤ ·È‡ ¥ §Ÿ ı¯‡a ¤ ¤ § Ì˙Bȉa ¨ § ¦
‰Ók ¨ § eÓÁ¯Â ¥ £ © § e˙e·L ¥ § ·L‰ ¥ ¨ :̉ȉχ ¤ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È‡ ¦ £ Èk¦ ,Ìz‡ ¨ ¦ È˙ȯa ¦ ¦§
Eˆa˜Â
§ ¤ ¦ § ·L ¨ § ,EÓÁ¯Â ¤ £ ¦ § E˙e·L-˙‡ § § ¤ EȉG‡ ¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ·L ¨ Âñ§ ,·e˙kL ¨¤
‰Ók ¨ § eÈÁc ¥ ¨ ¦ ıa˜ ¥ © :‰nL ¨ ¨ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EˆÈÙ‰ § ¦ ¡ ¯L‡ ¤ £ ÌÈnr‰-ÏkÓ ¦ ©¨ ¨ ¦
EȉG‡ ¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Eˆa˜È § ¤ © § ÌMÓ ¨ ¦ ,ÌÈÓM‰ ¦ ¨ ¨ © ‰ˆ˜a ¥ § ¦ EÁc £ © ¦ ‰È‰È-Ì ¤ § ¦ ‡ò¦ ,·e˙kL ¨¤
·rΨ ¨ È˙ÈÁ ¦ ¦ Óô̈ ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § ÔrΨ ¨ ¤ § ·rk ¨ ¨ eÈrLÙ ¥ ¨ § ‰ÁÓ ¥ § :EÁwÈ ¤ ¨ ¦ ÌMÓe ¨ ¦
eÈrLÙ¥ ¨ § ‰ÁÓ ¥ § :EÈzI‡‚ ¦ § © § Èk¦ ÈI‡ © ¥ ‰·eL ¨ ,EÈ˙‡hÁ¤ Ÿ © ÔrΠ¨ ¨ ¤ § EÈrLt ¤¨ §
ÈrÓÏ
¦ £ © § EÈrLÙ ¤ ¨ § ‰ÁÓ ¤ Ÿ ‡e‰ ÈÎ‡ ¦ Ÿ ¨ ÈÎ ¦ Ÿ ‡ö̈ ,z¯Ó‡ ¨ § © ¨ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ErÓI §© ©§
,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § ¯ÓvΠ¤ ¤ © § ‚ÏMk ¤ ¤ © eȇËÁ ¥ ¨ £ Ôaω ¥ § © :¯kʇ Ÿ § ¤ ‡Ï Ÿ EÈ˙‡hÁ ¤ Ÿ ©§
ÂÎÏ
:· „Ú Ì˘ (‰ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) „ ˜ Ì˘ („ :Â Ì˘ (‚ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ê ‰Î Ì˘ (· :Á ËÚ ÌÈω˙ (‡ ‡"Â˙
¯·„Ó· (Î :ÊÎ Ë Ìȯ·„ (È :‚È ·Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (Ë :Ê ÊϘ Ì˘ (Á :„È ·˜ Ì˘ (Ê :ËÈ „Ú Ì˘ (Â
„Ó ‰ÈÚ˘È (Ù :„ Ì˘ (Ú :‚ Ï Ìȯ·„ (Ò :„Ó Ì˘ ( :‰Ó Ì˘ (Ó :·Ó ÂÎ ‡¯˜È (Ï :‡È ·È
:‰Î ‚Ó Ì˘ (ˆ :·Î
‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 190
,eÈaÏÈ
¦ § © ‚ÏMk
¤ ¤ © ÌÈMk ¦ ¨ © ÌÎȇËÁ ¤ ¥ ¨ £ eȉÈ-̇ § ¦ ¦ ,‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ¯Ó‡È © Ÿ ‰ÁÎe ¨ ϧà
¨ § ¨ ¦ § ‡-eÎ
e¯‰ËÂ
¥ £ © § ÌȯB‰Ë¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ˜B¯Ê§ :eÈ‰È § ¦ ¯Óvk ¤ ¤ © ÚÏBzÎ ¨ © eÓÈc‡È-̇ ¦§© ¦
Ÿ ¦ ,Ìz¯‰Ëe
ÏkÓ ¤ § © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © ÌÎÈIr ¤ ¥ £ Èz˜¯Ê ¦ § © ¨Â᧠,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ §
e˙ÈÁLz
¥ ¦ § © χ © § eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ © :ÌÎ˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ¯‰Ë‡ ¥ © £ ÌÎÈIelb-ÏkÓe
¤ ¥ ¦ ¨ ¦ ÌÎÈ˙‡ÓË ¤ ¥Ÿ § ª
,E˙ÈÁLÈ
¤ ¦ § © ‡Ï Ÿ § Et¯È § § © ‡Ï Ÿ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÌeÁ¯© χ¥ Èk⦠,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ §
e··Ï-˙‡
¥¨§ ¤ ÏBÓ :Ì‰Ï ¤ ¨ ÚaL © § ¦ ¯L‡ ¤ £ EÈ˙·‡ ¤ Ÿ £ ˙ȯa-˙‡ ¦ § ¤ ÁkLÈ © § ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ §
E··Ï-˙‡
§ ¨§ ¤ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÏÓ¨ eã ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § EÓL-˙‡ ¤ § ¤ ‰·‰‡Ï ¨£©§
ELÙ-Ïηe
§ § © ¨ § E··I-ÏÎa § ¨ § ¨ § EȉG‡ ¤ ¡ ‰Â‰È-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ¤ ‰·‰‡Ï ¨ £ © § ,Er¯Ê ¤ § © ··Ï-˙‡Â
©§ ¤§
ÌMÓ¨ ¦ ÌzLw· ¤ § © ¦ äe ,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § e˙Lw·a ¥ ¨ ¨ © § eϨ ‡ˆn‰ ¥ ¨ ¦ :EÈiÁ ¤ © ÔrÓÏ©©§
:ELÙ-Ïηe
¤ § © ¨ § E··Ï-ÏÎa § ¨ § ¨ § epL¯„˙ ¤ § § ¦ Èk¦ ,˙‡ˆÓe ¨ ¨ ¨ Eȉχ ¤ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È-˙‡ ¨Ÿ § ¤
,·e˙kL ¨ ¤ ‰Ók ¨ § E˙lÙz ¤ ¨ ¦ § ˙È·a ¥ § eÁnN ¥ § © § EL„˜ ¤ § ¨ ¯‰-I‡ © ¤ e‡È·z ¥ ¦ §
¤ ¥Ÿ
̉È˙ÏBÚ ,È˙lÙz
¦ ¨ ¦ § ˙È·a ¥ § ÌÈzÁnN ¦ § © ¦ § ÈL„˜ ¦ § ¨ ¯‰-χ © ¤ ÌÈ˙B‡È·‰ ¦ ¦ £ ©å
:ÌÈnr‰-ÏÎÏ
¦ © ¨ ¨ § ‡¯wÈ ¥ ¨ ¦ ‰lÙz-˙Èa
¨ ¦ § ¥ È˙È· ¦ ¥ Èk¦ ,ÈÁaÊÓ-Ïr ¦ § § ¦ © ÔBˆ¯Ï ¨ § ̉ÈÁ·Ê¤ ¥ § ¦§
:ÏÏη „Ú ‡Ï Â·ÊÚ˙ χ „Ú ,ω˜Â ÔÊÁ ,˜ÂÒÙ ¯Á‡ ˜ÂÒÙ ÌȯÓ‡ Ô¯‡‰ ÔÈÁ˙ÂÙ
Ïa˜Â
¥ © § eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯Â ¥ © § ÒeÁ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eÏB˜
¥ ÚÓL
© §
:e˙lÙz-˙‡
¥ ¨ ¦ § ¤ ÔBˆ¯·e ¨ § ÌÈÓÁ¯a ¦ £ ©§
:Ì„˜k
¤ ¤ § eÈÓÈ
¥ ¨ LcÁ ¥ © ‰·eLÂ
¨ ¨ § EÈχ ¤ ¥ | ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § e·ÈL
¥ ¦ ‰£æ
:epnÓ
¤ ¦ Áwz-χ
© ¦ © EL„˜ § § ¨ Áe¯Â
© § EÈÙlÓ ¥ ¦ § © ‡©ç
¤ ¨ § ¦ eÎÈÏLz-Ï
:e·Êrz-χ
¥ § © © © eÁk ¥ Ÿ ˙BÏÎk § ¦ ‰˜Ê
¨ § ¦ ˙rÏ ¥ ¦ § © ‡è©
¥ § eÎÈÏLz-Ï
‰·BËÏ
¨ § ˙B‡ enr-‰N ¨ ¦ ¥ r£ë :epnÓ ¤ ¦ ˜Á¯z-χ
© § ¦ © ,eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § e·Êrz-Ï
¥ § © © ‡©é
| ‰Èʇ‰ ì̈ £ :ezÓÁÂ
¨ ¦ £ © eȯ¥ Ó‡ ¨ § © ¦ § ez¯Êr ¨Ÿ § ‰z‡-Èk
¨ § © £ ‰Â‰È ¨ © ¦ eL·È Ÿ ¥ § eȇN
¥ § Ÿ e‡¯È §¦ §
¨Ÿ § ,EÈÙÏ
‰Â‰È ¤ ¨ § eaÏ¥ ¦ ÔBÈ‚‰Â
§ ¤ § eÈÙ-ȯӇ
¦ ¥ § ¦ | ÔBˆ¯I ¨ § eȉ§ îȦ :e‚È‚‰
¥ ¦ £ ‰Èa¨ ¦ ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ §
:eȉG‡
¥ ¡ È„‡¨Ÿ £ ‰r˙¤ £ © ‰z‡ ¨ © ,eIÁB‰
§ ¨ ¨Ÿ § EI-È
‰Â‰È § kð¦ :eχB‚Â
¥ £ § e¯eˆ ¥
:Ô¯‡‰ Ôȯ‚ÂÒ
© © § ¦ © ò§ ,e˙lÙz
Ìlr˙z-χ ¤ ¨ § ‡B·zñ̈ ,eÈ˙B·‡
¥ ¨ ¦ § EÈÙÏ ¥Ÿ ¥
¥ £ ȉχ Epidl
¥ Ÿ `¡1
EÈÙI
¤ ¨ § ¯ÓBÏ
© ¤Ÿ ÈL
,Û¯Ú ö§ ÌÈÙ
¥ ˜e ¦ ¨ Èf¥rô© e‡¨ ÔȇL
¥ ¤ ,e˙pÁzÓ
¥¨¦ § ¦
'‰
‰ÈÚ˘È ( :ËÎ „ Ì˘ (‰ :Â Ï Ì˘ („ :‡Ï „ Ìȯ·„ (‚ :‰Î ÂÏ Ï‡˜ÊÁÈ (· :ÁÈ ‡ ‰ÈÚ˘È (‡ ‡"Â˙
·Î ÁÏ Ì˘ (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë ‡Ú Ì˘ (Ë :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚È ‡ ÌÈω˙ (Á :‡Î ‰ ‰Îȇ (Ê :Ê Â
ÁÏ Ì˘ ( :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÂË ËÈ Ì˘ (Ó :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ‰ Ì˘ (Ï :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÈ ÂÙ Ì˘ (Î :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
Ù"Ú (ˆ : ÁÎ Ìȯ·„ Ù"Ú (Ù :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ‰ Ì˘ (Ú :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ‚ ÁÙ Ì˘ (Ò :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊË
:Ë „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘
ÔÓ˜Ï ÂÚ˘¯‰ ÂÁ‡Â „Ú Ô‡ÎÓ ÌȯÓ‡ ‡Ï ‰ÏÙ˙‰ ¯„Ò ÚˆÓ‡· ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ ÌȯÓ‡˘Î (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(171 'ÓÚ ‰‡¯Â Z È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó) ‡·‰ 'ÓÚ·
ˆ ‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 191
§ © £ Ï·¨ ‡£à ,e‡ËÁ
eÁ‡ Ÿ § eÁ‡
¨ ¨ ‡Ï § © £ ÌȘÈcˆ
¦ ¦ © ,eÈ˙B·‡
¥ £ ȉχ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ
¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È
¨Ÿ §
:e‡Ë¨ Á1̈ eÈ˙B·‡Â
¥ £©

.e„ʧ © .erL¯ ⦠§ .eÈÂr


§ © § ‰Â ¦ ¡ ‰¤á .ÈÙc¦ Ÿ e¯ac
§ © ¦ .eÏÊb § © ¨ .EpnW
§ © ¨ .e„‚a § © `2̈
.eˆI
§ © .e·fk§ © ¦ .Ú¯¨ eˆrÈ § © ¨ .¯˜L ¤ ¤ eÏÙ§ © Ëã̈ .eÒÓÁ§ © ¨
.Û¯Ú¤Ÿ eÈM˜ ¦ ¦ .e¯¯ˆ § © ¨ .erLt§ © ¨ .eÈÂr¦ ¨ .e¯¯Ò§ © ¨ .eˆ‡
§ © ¦ .e„¯Ó̈
§©
:erzrz
§ ¨ § ¦ .eÈrz ¦ ¨ .e·rz§ © ¦ .e˙ÁL § © ¦ .erL¯ §© ¨
Ïr© ˜Ècˆ¦ © ‰z‡ ¨ ¨ Ÿ Âå§ ÌÈ·Bh‰
¨ © Âæ§ :eϨ ‰ÂL-‡Ï ¦ © EÈËtLn¤ ¨ § ¦ Óe ¤ Ÿ § ¦ ¦ Epx§ q
ä¦ EÈ˙ˆnÓ ©1
§ ¨ § ‰1¦ eÁ‡Â
:erL¯ § © £ © ˙ÈNr
¨ ¦ ¨ ˙Ó‡-Èk ¤ ¡ ¦ ,eÈÏr ¥ ¨ ‡a‰-Ïk¨© ¨

eaÏ¥ ¦ ‰Â¨cè¨ .NBNÓ¨ epnÓ ¤ ¦ ‰Ï¨ bç̈ .¯Bc-ÏkÓ ¨ ¦ eLa § Ÿ .Ìr-ÏkÓ ¨ ¨ ¦ EpnW` § © ¨
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa¥ Ïe·Êé§ .e¯‡t
.eLc˜Ó ¥ ¥ § Ú¯Ù© § ¦ § .eÈee‡
¥ ¦ ÏaÁ‰ © § ª .eȇËÁa ¥ ¨£©
eÁk¥ Ÿ .ÌȯÊÏ ¦ ¨ § e˙Ó„‡¥ ¨ § © ÈÙBÈ ¦ .‰nLÏ ¨ © § ‰˙ȉ ¨ § ¨ e˙¯È ¥ ¨ Ëë¦ .eÈÂra ¥Ÿ £ © ·¯Á ©¨
:ÌȯÎÏ ¦ § ¨§

¯ÓBÏ© ,et¯r¥ § ¨ ‰L˜ ¤ § © § eÈt ¥ ¨ ÊÈr ¦ ¨ Cȉ¥ .e˙eÚhÓ ¥ ¨ ¦ e·L § © ‡Ï Ÿ oicÓe


¦ ©£©
Ÿ § eÁ‡
‡Ï § © £ ÌȘÈcˆ ¦ ¦ © ,eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £ ȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¥ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EÈÙÏ ¤¨§
:e‡Ë¨ Á1̈ eÈ˙B·‡Â ¥ £ © eÁ‡ § © £ Ï·¨ ‡£à ,e‡ËÁ ¨¨

.eÈÏr ¥ ¨ Ìlr ¨ ª e˙ § ¨ .epnÓ ¤ ¦ ˯BÓÓe ¨ § CMÓ ¨ ª Óì§ .eÏÓr ¥ ¨ £ e˜Lr § ¨ EpipiÓl¥ ¥§
.Ì„iÓ ¨ ¨ ¦ Ôȇ¥ ˜¯t  .e·¨ eÏLÓ § ¨ ÌÈ„· ¦ ¨ r£î .eÓÎL ¥ § ¦ Ir© eÏ·Ò § ©¨
¥Ÿ £ © epnÓ
.eÈÂra ¤ ¦ z˜Á¯¨ § © ¨ .eȉG‡ ¥ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Ee‡¯˜ ¨ § .ee··Ò ¨ § ˙Ba¯© ˙B¯ˆ¨
:e„·‡Â
§ ¨ ¨ § eÈrz ¦ ¨ .EȯÁ‡Ó ¤ £ © ¥ e·§ L ©ð

ew ¥ © :Èw
¦ ¥ © ˙B¯zÒpÓ ¨ § ¦ ¦ ,ÔÈ·È-ÈÓ
¦ ¨ ¦ ˙B‡È‚¦ L ñ§ ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ¯Ó‡ © ¨ E˜„ˆ § § ¦ giWn
© ¦ §
,eÈ˙B‡ÓË-ÏkÓ
¥ § ª ¨ ¦ e¯‰ËÂ
¥ £ © § eÈrLt-IkÓ ¥¨ § ¨ ¦ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È
eȉχ ¨Ÿ §
¦ § © ¨ò§ ,E‡È·
Èz˜¯Ê ¤ ¦ § „È-Ïr© © ·e˙kk ¨ © ,e¯‰Ë ¥ £ © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © eÈIr ¥ ¨ ˜B¯Êe§
ÌÎÈÏeJb-ÏkÓe
¤ ¥ ¦ ¨ ¦ ÌÎÈ˙B‡ÓË ¤ ¥ § ª IŸkÓ¦ ,Ìz¯‰Ëe ¤ § © § ÌȯB‰Ë ¦ § ÌÈÓ ¦ © ÌÎÈÏr¤ ¥£
:ÌÎ˙‡
¤ § ¤ ¯‰Ë‡ ¥ ©£
χÈ„
Ù"Ú (‰ :ËÒ ËȘ Ì˘ Ù"Ú („ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ì˘ (‚ : ˜ ÌÈω˙ (· :(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ,ÊÙ ‡ÓÂÈ (‡ ‡"Â˙
ÊÈ ‰ ‰Îȇ (Ë :‡È „Î ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Á :‚Ï Ë ‰ÈÓÁ (Ê :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÎ ‚Ï ·Âȇ ( :ËÏ Ì˘
‰Îȇ (Ó :Ê ÁÈ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ï :ÂÎ ËÒ ÌÈω˙ Ù"Ú (Î :‚È Á ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ Ù"Ú (È :(ÈÂÈ˘·)
:‰Î ÂÏ Ï‡˜ÊÁÈ (Ú :‚È ËÈ ÌÈω˙ (Ò :‡È ÂË ‡-χÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú ( :Á Ì˘
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ (1 ˙‚‰‰
ÈÙÏ ÌÈÏÓ‰ ¯‡˘· ÔΠ,(Ê ÛÈÚÒ Ê¯˙ ÔÓÈÒ Ê"‰„‡ Ú"¢ ‰‡¯) ·Ï‰ ÏÚ ‰ÎÈ ËÚÓ ‰Á˘È (2
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó) ·-‡‰ ¯„Ò
‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 192
Á˜t© § ,ÚÓLe ¨ § Eʇ § § ¨ | ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ‰h¥ ‰á© ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ÚeL © ¦ ˙B„eÓÁ-LÈ £ ‡à¦ l`Ipc ¥¦ ¨
,‰ÈIr
¨ ¤ ¨ EÓL § ¦ ‡¯˜-¯L‡ ¨ § ¦ ¤ £ ¯Èr‰Â ¦ ¨ § ,eÈ˙ÓÓL ¥ Ÿ § Ÿ ‰‡¯e ¥ § EÈÈr ¤ ¥
EÈÓÁ¯-Ir
¤ £ © © Èk¦ ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § eÈeÁz¥ £ © ÌÈÏÈtÓ ¦ ¦ © eÁ‡ § © £ eÈ˙B˜„ˆ-Ir
¥ § ¦ © ‡Ï Ÿ | Èk¦
,‰NrÂ¥ £ © ‰·ÈL˜‰ ¨ ¦ § © È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰ÁÏÒ ¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ ,‰rÓL ¨ ¨ § | È„‡ ¨Ÿ £ :ÌÈa¯‰̈ ¦ ©
:Enr-ÏrÂ
¤ © © § E¯Èr-Ir § ¦ © ‡¯˜ ¨ § ¦ EÓL-Èk § ¦ ¦ ,ȉχ © Ÿ ¡ ErÓÏ § © © § ,¯Á‡z-χ
©© § ©
Èt
© ¨ ȉχ© Ÿ ¡ Ìȯ‰Ï ¦ ¨ § ÈzÓÏÎ ¦ § © § ¦ § ÈzLa ¦ § Ÿ ,È‰Ï © Ÿ ‡¡â ,EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § ¯Ó‡ © ¨ ¯ÙBq‰ ¥ © `xfÓ ¨§ ¤
„r© ‰Ï„‚ ¨ § ¨ e˙ÓL‡Â¥ ¨ § © § L‡¯ Ÿ ‰IrÓÏ ¨ § © § e·¯ « ¨ eÈ˙Âr ¥ Ÿ Ÿ £ Èk¦ EÈχ ¤ ¥
Ÿ § „ÒÁ-·¯Â
‡Ï ¤ ¤ © § ÌÈt‡-C¯‡ ¦ © © ¤ ¤ ÌeÁ¯Â © § ÔepÁ© ˙BÁÈÏÒ ¦ § dBI‡© ¡ ‰z‡ ¨ © Â㧠:ÌÈÓMÏ
¦¨ ¨©
e¯ˆBÈ
¥ § eÁÈÊz ¥ ¦ § © χ © § ,e‡¯Ba
¥ § eLhz ¥ § ¦ χ © § eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ e·Êrz ¥ § © © χ© :Ìz·Êr ¨ § ©£
¯·c‰-˙‡
¨ ¨ © ¤ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § eϨ Ìi˜Â ¥ Ÿ © § ‰Ïk
¤ © § ,eÈ˙‡hÁk ¨ ¨ enr ¨ ¦ Nrz © © χ ©§
̉‰¥ ¨ ÌÈÓi ¦ ¨aä© ,¯eÓ‡k ¨ ¨ .CÊBÁ ¨ e‰ÈÓ¯È
¨ § § ¦ È„È-Ïr¥ § © ‰Ïa˜a ¨ ¨ © § ezÁË·‰L ¨ § © § ¦ ¤
Ÿ © ¤ § epȇÂ
˙‡hÁ-˙‡Â ¤ ¥ § χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ ÔÂr-˙‡Ÿ £ ¤ Lw·È ¨Ÿ § ª § ‡È‰‰
© ª § ‰Â‰È-̇ ¦ © ˙r·e ¥¨
È·r¯
¥ ¥ § E˙ÏÁ § ¨ £ © § En§ r©å :¯È‡L‡ ¦ § © ¯L‡I ¤ £ © ÁIÒ‡ © § ¤ Èk¦ ‰‡ˆn˙ ¨ ¤ ¨ ¦ ‡Ï Ÿ § ‰„e‰È¨ §
¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â‰È
eȉχ ¨Ÿ Ï©æ Èk¦ eÚ„È § ¥ § e¯ÈkÈ ¦ © .ErLÈ ¤ § ¦ È·‡z ¥ ¥ § EcÒÁ ¤ § © ȇӈ ¥ ¥ § E·eË §
:˙BÁÈÏq‰Â ¦ § © § ÌÈÓÁ¯‰̈ ¦ £ ©

‰Nr¥ £ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èè§ . EÓL ¤ § ‡¯˜ ¨ § ¦ ea¨ . EÓL ¤ § ÔepÁç© Ï‡¥ . EÓL ¤ § ÌeÁ¯ç© l`¥
. E˙ȯa
¤ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ EzÓ‡. 1¤ ¦ £ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ :EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ ©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙c ¤ ¨ ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . Ez¯‡Ù˙¤ § © § ¦ § EÏ„b § § ¨ ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £
ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E¯ÎÊ ¤ § ¦ ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E„eÚÂ ¤ ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ E„B‰. ¤
ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E„eÁÈ ¤ ¦ ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E·eË ¤ ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ EcÒÁ. ¤§ ©
ÔrÓI
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙eÎÏÓ ¤ § © ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„enϤ ¦ ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E„B·k ¤ §
. E¯‡t¤ ¥ § ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ Efr ¤ ª ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ E„BÒ ¤ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ EÁˆ ¤§¦
EÈÓÁ¯¤ £ © ÔrÓI© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙M„˜ ¤ ¨ ª § ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙˜„ˆ
¤ ¨ § ¦ ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £
‰Nr¥ £ . E˙l‰z ¤ ¨ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . E˙ÈÎL¤ ¨ ¦ § ÔrÓI © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ ©¨
. ·˜rÈÂ
Ÿ £ © § ˜ÁˆÈ ¨ § ¦ ̉¯·‡¨ ¨ § © ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ ¯Ùr. ¥ § Lé EÈ·‰B‡
¨ ¨ ÈÎB ¤£ ÔrÓI
©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . ‰ÓÏLeŸ Ÿ § „Âc ¦ ¨ ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . Ô¯‰‡Â
Ÿ £ © § ‰LÓ ¤ Ÿ ÔrÓÏ© © § ‰Nr ¥ £
‰Nr .
¥ £ E„B·k ¤ § ÔkL © § Óì¦ ÔBiˆ¦ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ EL„˜ ¤ § ¨ ¯Èr¦ ÌÏLe ¦© ¨ ¯È ë§
ÔÚÓÏ
Ìȯ·„ ( :Î  ‰ÈÓ¯È (‰ :ÊÈ Ë ‰ÈÓÁ („ :Â Ë ‡¯ÊÚ (‚ :ËÈ-ÁÈ Ë Ì˘ (· :‡È È Ï‡È„ (‡ ‡"Â˙
:ËÈ ÂÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È (È :Ê „È ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ë : „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (Á :(ÈÂÈ˘·) Ë Ì˘ χÈ„ (Ê :ÂÎ Ë
:Á ÂÎ ÌÈω˙ (Ï :„Î .ÊË Ì˘ χÈ„ Ù"Ú (Î
.ÌÏÂη ÔΠ,C˙ȯa » ƒ ¬ ÔÚÓÏ :„ÈÓ˙ ¯Ó‡ ,˙ÂÁÈÏÒ· ¯Â·Èˆ ÁÈÏ˘Î È·¯‰ (1 ˙‚‰‰
» ƒ¿ .CzÈÓ‡
ʈ ‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 193
‰Nr ¥ £ . EÁaÊÓ ¤ § § ¦ ˙eÒȯ‰ ¦ £ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EÏÎȉ ¤ ¨ ¥ ˙BÓÓL § ¦ ÔrÓÏ ©©§
. E„eÁȤ ¦ Ïr© ÌÈÁe·Ë ¦ § ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . EL„˜ ¤ § ¨ ÌL ¥ Ïr© ÌÈ‚e¯‰ ¦ £ ÔrÓI ©©§
ÔrÓÏ
© © § ‰Nr ¥ £ EÓL . ¤ § Lec˜¦ Ïr© ÌÈn·e ¦ © © L‡· ¥ ¨ ȇa ¥ ¨ ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
. eÚLÙ § ¨ ‡lL Ÿ ¤ ·IÁ ¨ ¨ ÈÏeÓ ¥ b᧠ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ e‡ËÁ . § ¨ ‡lL Ÿ ¤ ÌÈ„L ¦ © ¨ Ș¥ BÈà§
‡ÏŸ ̇¦ ErÓÏ § © © § ‰Nr ¥ £ . Ôa¯ ¨ © ˙Èa¥ ÏL ¤ ˙B˜BÈz⦠ÔrÓÏ © © § ‰Nr ¥ £
:erÈLB‰Â
¥ ¦ § ErÓÏ § © © § ‰Nr .
¥ £ erÓÏ ¥£ © §
¥ £ . er
er ¥ £ eÈ·¦ ‡ä̈ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ eȉχ ¥ Ÿ ¡ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § Epp¥1 Ó £ã
¥ £ . er
er ¥ £ eL¯Bc ¥ § er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ eχB¥ £ bæ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ e‡¯B ¥ § aå
:er¥ £ ÔÓ‡p‰ ¨ ¡ ¤ © χ¥ ‰ç̈
:er¥ £ Ìi˜Â¨ © § ÈÁ©é er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ¯LÈ ¨ ¨ § CÊè© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ „ÈÒÁ ¦ ¨ § ˜È˙ ¦ ¨ EppÓ
¥£
ÌÈÒrk ¦ ¨ § L·B ¥ kî er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ¯ˆÈ ¤ ¤ r„B© ¥ Èì er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ·ÈËÓe ¦ ¥ ·BËë EppÓ ¥£
ÌÈÎIn‰¦ ¨ § © ÈÎÏÓ ¥ § © CI¤ Ó¤ñ er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ˙B˜„ˆ ¨ § L·B ¥ Ïð er .
¥ £ er ¥£
:er ¥£
˙ra ¥ § ‰B ¤ Úö er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÏÁBÓe ¥ ÁÏBÒ
© ¥ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ·bN ô¦ § ‡¯B¨ ò EppÓ
¨ § Â ¥£
:er¥ £ ¯LÈ ¨ ¨ § ˜Èc¦ ˆ÷© er ¥ £ er. ¥ £ ÏÈvÓe ¦ © ‰„B ¤ tö er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ‰¯ˆ ¨¨
C¯ù© er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÒBÚÎÏ § ¦ ‰L ¤ ˜ù̈ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ Âȇ¯B˜Ï ¨ § § ·B¯˜ø̈ EppÓ ¥£
:er ¥ £ ÔepÁ © § ÌeÁ¯ú© er ¥ £ er . ¥ £ ˙Bv¯I ©§
¥ £ . er
er ¥ £ ÌÈÓÈÓz ¦ ¦ § CÓBz ¥ er¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÌÈBÈ·‡-χ
¦ § ¤ ¤ rÓB ©¥ L à EppÓ¥£
„Á© tã© er .
¥ £ er ¥ £ ̉¯·‡ ¨ ¨ § © È‰Ï ¥ Ÿ ‡¡â er ¥ £ er. ¥ £ eÈ˙B·‡ ¥ £ È‰Ï ¥ Ÿ ‡¡á
. er
¥ £ ÌÈË·M‰ ¦ ¨ § © ˙¯Êr © § ¤ er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ¯È·¦ ‡£ä er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ˜ÁˆÈ¨ §¦
È·¦ ‡£æ er¥ £ . er ¥ £ ÔBˆ¯¨ ˙ra ¥ § ‰B ¤ Úå er ¥ £ . er ¥ £ ˙B‰n‡ ¨ ¦ ·bNÓ © § ¦ er ¥£
:er¥ £ ˙BÓχ ¨ § © Ôi©cæ© er ¥ £ er. ¥ £ ÌÈÓB˙È ¦ §
ÈÓ

‰"„ È"˘¯ ‡ ,ÊÈ ˙Âί· ‰‡¯Â .· ,‚Ï ˙·˘ (‚ :Ë ÁÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (· :ÊË · χÂÈ Ù"Ú (‡ ‡"Â˙
:„ ÊÓ Ì˘ (Ê :‡ ‚Ó Ì˘ Ù"Ú ( :ÊË ‚Ò ‰ÈÚ˘È (‰ :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊÏ ÁÈ ‡-ÌÈÎÏÓ („ :È·Ï
:(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÁÒ ËȘ ÌÈω˙ (Î :(ÈÂÈ˘·) ÊΠ χÈ„ (È : Á ·Âȇ Ù"Ú (Ë :Ë Ê Ìȯ·„ (Á
Ù"Ú (Ú :‡ ,‚ ˙·‡ (Ò :ÊÈ Ë ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú ( :‡ ,Ê ˙Âί· ‰‡¯ (Ó :„È ‚˜ Ì˘ Ù"Ú (Ï
Ù"Ú (¯ :„ ·Ï Ìȯ·„ (˜ :‚ ,„ ˙Âί· ÈÓÏ˘Â¯È (ˆ :‰ ‚Ï ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú (Ù :‡Î Ì˘ Ìȯ·„
:Ê ÂÎ Ìȯ·„ (· :„Ï ËÒ ÌÈω˙ (‡ : „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (˙ :‡È ,‰ ˙·‡ Ù"Ú (˘ :ÁÈ ‰Ó˜ ÌÈω˙
ÌÈω˙ (Ê :Á ËÓ ‰ÈÚ˘È Ù"Ú ( :„Î ËÓ Ì˘ (‰ :·Ó ‡Ï Ì˘ Ù"Ú („ :„Î ÂÎ ˙È˘‡¯· (‚
:Â ÁÒ
,ȯ˘˙-ÏÂχ ,'„"·Á È‚‰Ó ¯ˆÂ‡' ‰‡¯) ˙‡˜ÒÙ‰ ÈÓÂÈÒ· ÂϘ ı"˘‰ ‰È·‚Ó ÂÚ ˙¯ÈÓ‡· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(ÁÎ 'ÓÚ
‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 194
‰rL¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰i¯Bn‰ ¨ ¦ © ¯‰a © § eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ ̉¯·‡Ï ¨ ¨ § © § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ in à¦
‰rL¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓᦠ. erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÁaÊn‰© ¥ § ¦ © Èab-Ir¥ © © „˜rpLk © ¡ ¤ ¤ § Ba§ ˜ÁˆÈI ¨ § ¦§
ÌȯeÒ‡‰¦ £ ¨ ˙È·a ¥ § ÛÒBÈÏ¥ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ erÈ. ¥ £ © ‡e‰ I‡¥ ˙È·a ¥ § ·˜rÈÏ Ÿ £©§
ÈÓ⦠. erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÛeÒ-ÌÈ-Ir © © eÈ˙B·‡Ï ¥ £ © ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓঠ. erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰
‰zÁna¨ § © © Ô¯‰‡Ï Ÿ £ © § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ·¯BÁa ¥ § ‰LÓÏ ¤ Ÿ § ‰rL ¨¨ ¤
. erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰„r‰ ¨ ¥ ¨ CBzÓ¦ BÓe˜a§ ÒÁÈÙÏ ¨ § ¦ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ㦠erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰
χeÓLÏ
¥ § ¦ ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓঠ. erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÏbÏba ¨ § ¦ © rLB‰ÈÏ©ª ¦ ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓà¦
‡e‰ ÌÏLe¯Èa ¦¨ ¨ ¦ B·§ ‰ÓÏLeŸ Ÿ § „Â„Ï ¦ ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓঠ. erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰tˆna ¨§ ¦ ©
‰rL¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓä¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÏÓ¯k‰ ¤ § © © ¯‰a © § e‰iÏ‡Ï ¨ ¦ ¥ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓঠ. erÈ ¥£©
‡e‰ ‰‚c‰ ¨ ¨ © ÈrÓa ¥ § ¦ ‰BÈÏ ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓঠ. erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ BÁȯÈa ¦ ¦ ÚLÈχI ¨ ¦ ¡¤
.
ÈÓæ¦ erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ BÈÏÁa § ¨ § ‰„e‰È ¨ § CÏÓ ¤ ¤ e‰i˜ÊÁÏ ¨ ¦ § ¦ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓå¦ . erÈ ¥£©
. erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ L‡‰ ¥ ¨ ÔL·k¨ § ¦ CB˙a§ ‰È¯Êr ¨ § © £ © I‡LÈÓ ¥ ¨ ¦ ‰ÈÁÏ ¨ § © £ © ‰rL ¨¨ ¤
ÈÎc¯ÓÏ
© § § ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ˙Bȯ‡ ¨ £ ·B‚a§ χi„I ¥ ¦ ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓç¦
‰ÏBba
¨ © ‡¯ÊrÏ ¨ § ¤ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ erÈ . ¥ £ © ‡e‰ ‰¯Èa‰ ¨ ¦ © ÔLeLa © § ¯z҇ ¥§ ¤§
ÌÈÓÈÓz‰Â
¦ ¦ § © § ÌÈ„ÈÒÁ‰Â ¦ ¦ £ © § ÌȘÈcv‰-ÏÎÏ
¦ ¦ © © ¨ § ‰rL ¨ ¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ . erÈ ¥ £ © ‡e‰
:erÈ
¥ £ © ‡e‰ ÌȯLȉ ¦¨ §©§
¨ ¨ © § ÂÓÁ¯
Ì„‡-„È·e ¨ £ © ÌÈa¯-Èk¦ © ¦ ‰Â‰È-„È·
¨Ÿ § © § ‡p-‰Ït
¨ ¨ § ¦ „‡Ó Ÿ § ÈÏ-¯ˆ¦ © „b-χ ¨ ¤ „Âc ¦ ¨ xn` ¤ ŸI1 eè©
¨Ÿ ¤ ©
:‰Ït‡-χ
(̉ÈÙ ÏÚ ÌÈÏÙÂ Ôȇ)
Ïa˜Â¥ © § ÈÏr © ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ © ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © ‡Ï¥ Óë̈ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § .EÈÙÏ ¤ ¨ § È˙‡ËÁ¦ ¨ ¨ ÔepÁ © § mEgxé©
ÈpÁ
¦ ¥ ¨ :È¯qÈ˙
¦ ¥ § © § E˙ÓÁa-I‡Â
§ ¨ £ © © § ÈÁÈÎB˙ ¦¥ ¦ Et‡a-I‡
§ © § © ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èì§ :ÈeÁz
¨ £ ©
‰Ï‰·
¨ £ § ¦ ÈLÙ¦ § © § :ÈÓˆr¨ ¨ £ eω· £ § ¦ Èk¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È‡Ù¯ ¦ ¥ ¨ § È‡ ¦ ¨ ÏÏÓ‡ © § ª Èk¦ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ §
ÔrÓI
© © § ÈrÈLB‰
¦¥ ¦ ÈLÙ
¦ § © ‰ˆlÁ ¨ § © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰·eL ¨ :È˙Ó-„r
¨ ¨ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ‰z‡Â Ÿ §
¨ © § „‡Ó
,È˙Á‡a
¦ ¨ § © § | Èzr‚È ¦ § © ¨ :Cl-‰„BÈ
¨ ¤ ÈÓ¦ IB‡La § ¦ E¯ÎÊ ¤ § ¦ ˙Âna¤ ¨ © Ôȇ¥ Èk¦ :EcÒÁ ¤§ ©
ÈÈr
¦ ¥ ÒrkÓ © © ¦ ‰LLr ¨ § ¨ :‰ÒÓ‡ ¤ § © ÈN¯r¦ § © È˙rÓ„a
¦ ¨ § ¦ § È˙hÓ ¦ ¨ ¦ ‰ÏÈI-Ïη
¨ § © ¨ § ‰ÁN‡ ¤ § ©
:ÈÈÎa
¦ § ¦ ÏB˜ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ÚÓL-Èk
© ¨ ¦ Ô‡ ¥ £ Ÿ ¨ ÈpnÓ
¤ ¨ ÈÏrt-Ïk ¦ ¤ ¦ e¯eÒ :ȯ¯Bˆ-ÏÎa ¨ § ¨ § ‰˜˙r̈
¨ §
¨ §Ÿ
ȷȇ-Ïk ¨ „‡ÓŸ § eωaÈ £ ¨ ¦ § | eL·È Ÿ ¥ :ÁwÈ ¨ ¦ È˙lÙz
¦ ¨ ¦ § ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § È˙pÁz¦ ¨ ¦ § ‰Â‰È¨Ÿ § ÚÓL̈
©
:Ú‚¯© ¨ eL·È Ÿ ¥ e·LÈ̈ ª
ÈÁÓ
,·Ù Ôȯ„‰Ò ‰‡¯ („ :ËÈ Ë Ìȯ·„ ‰‡¯ (‚ :‡È ,· ‰·¯ Ìȯ·„ (· :‡ ,ÂË ˙ÈÚ˙ Ù"Ú (‡ ‡"Â˙
:‰Î-ÊÈ Â Ì˘ (Á :ÊÎ-ÂÎ ‚ χÈ„ ‰‡¯ (Ê :È-· Î Ì˘ ( :·Î-‡Î · ·-ÌÈÎÏÓ (‰ :·
:‡È-·  ÌÈω˙ (Ï :‰ ,‡ ˙Âί· ÈÓÏ˘Â¯È (Î : „Ï ˙ÂÓ˘ (È :„È „Î ·-χÂÓ˘ (Ë
È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó) Ú‚¯ Â˘Â·È „Ú ¯Ó‡ÈÂÓ ÌȯÓ‡ ‡Ï ‰ÏÙ˙‰ ¯„Ò ÚˆÓ‡· ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ ÌȯÓ‡˘Î (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(171 'ÓÚ ‰‡¯Â Z
Áˆ ‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 195
‡¯a ¨ § .‡ÓÏr ¨ § ¨ ÈiÁÏ ¥ © § ÏB‡L § ÔÓ¦ ˜ÈqÓ ¦ © .‰iÁÓe ¤ © § ˙ÈÓ¦ Óॠ,ÈqÓe ¥ © ign ¥ ©
‡c·r ¨ § © :dÈ·‡ÎÏ ¥ ¥ § ¦ Èq‡ ¥ © ÒÈÁ„ ¦ ¨ § ȉe·‡ ¦ £ .dÈ˜Ï ¥ § © ȉe·‡ ¦ £ ÈËÁ ¥ ¨ „k©
C¯Îea¨§ C¯¨ a᧠:dȯÏB˜ ¥¨ ¯Èa˙¦ © § ·È‡z ¦ ¨ dÈ¯Ó ¥ ¨ .¯ÏB˜a ¨ § ˜ÈÙ ¦ ¨ „ȯӄ ¦¨ §
Ô‡
¨ £ Cc·r ¨ § © .Ôȯ¯Ó ¦ ¨ § ÔÈ„È‚a ¦ ¦ § ÔÈLÙ ¦ § © ȯ ¥ ¨ ‡‰¨ .Cn˜ ¨ © ÔÈËÁ ¨ ¦ ¨ § Ô‡ ¨£
eËÓa ¨ § .‡˙eȘIÓa¨ ¦ § © § ‡‰¨ .‡È·La ¨ § ¦ § ‡‰¨ .‡˙Ê·a ¨ § ¦ § ‡‰¨ .Cn˜ ¨ © Ô„B¯Óe
¨¨ §
ȉ
¥ ¡ ¤ ‡Ïc ¨ § „r© .ÔIr ¨ £ ÛB˜˙c § ¦ ÔÈ·‡ÎI ¦ ¥ § ¦ Èq‡ ¥ © .ÔÈLÈÙc ¦ ¦ § ¦ CÓÁ¯a ¨ £ © § CpÓ ¨¦
:‡È·Ma ¨ § ¦ © ‡¯ÈÓb ¨ ¦§
ÈrÈÓLÓ
¥ ¦ § © :ÌÈÓÁ¯‰ ¦ £ © ¨ Ïr© aâ© ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .eÈÓÁ¯ ¥ £ © eÒÈΉ ¦ § © .ÌÈÓÁ¯ ¦ £ © iqipkn ¥ ¦§ ©
ÈrÈÓLÓ
¥ ¦ § © :‰lÙz ¨ ¦ § rÓB ©¥ L ã ÈÙI ¥ § ¦ .e˙lÙz ¥ ¨ ¦ § eÚÈÓL‰ ¦ § © .‰lÙz ¨ ¦ §
eÒÈΉ ¦ § © .‰rÓ„ ¨ § ¦ ÈÒÈÎÓ ¥ ¦ § © :‰˜rˆ ¨ ¨ § rÓB ©¥ L ä ÈÙÏ¥ § ¦ .e˙˜rˆ ¥ ¨ £ © eÚÈÓL‰ ¦ § © .‰˜rˆ ¨¨§
‰pÁz¨ ¦ § ea¯‰Â § © § eÏczL‰ § © § ¦ :˙BÚÓ„a ¨ § ¦ ‰v¯˙Ó ¤ © § ¦ CIÓ ¤ ¤ ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ eÈ˙BÚÓ„ ¥ § ¦
ÂÈÙÏ
¨ ¨ § eÚÈÓL‰ ¦ § © .ÂÈÙI ¨ ¨ § e¯Èkʉ ¦ § © :‡O ¨ ¦ § Ì¯å¨ Ï‡¥ CÏÓ ¤ ¤ ÈÙÏ ¥ § ¦ .‰Lw·e ¨ ¨©
‰iÁÈÂ
¤ © ¦ Ì˙·‰‡ ¨ ¨ £ © ¯BkÊȧ ¦ .¯Ùr ¨ ¨ ÈÎB ¥§ L ç ÏL ¤ ÌÈ·BË ¦ ÌÈNrÓe¦ £ © ‰¯B¨ zæ
‰È‰ ¨ ¨ ÔÓ‡ ¨ ¡ ¤ ‰rB ¤ ¯é Ô‡ˆ Ÿ Èk¦ .·˜rÈ Ÿ £ © ˙ȯ‡ ¦¥L è§ „·‡˙ © Ÿ ‡HL ¤ Ìr¯Ê ¨ §©
.erLÈ¥ § ¦ ȉχ¥ Ÿ ¡ er ¥ £ ¯‰Ó ¥ © .‰ÈLI ¨ ¦ § ¦ § ÏL ¨ ÓÏî̈ § „Á‡ ¨ ¤ ÈBbì χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ .‰t¯ ë¤ §
¨ § ÁI
ÁÈLÓ
© ¦ § ÌÈa¯‰ ¦ © ¨ EÈÓÁ¯a ¤ £ © § ‰rÈLB‰Â ¨ ¦ § ˙BL˜¨ ˙B¯Êb-IkÓ ¥ § ¨ ¦ e„Ùe ¥§
:Cnr ¨ © § C˜„ˆ ¨ §¦
ÔB‰lk § ª .dÈe·LÏ
¥ § ¦ ÔpÁ˙Ó„ ¥ © § ¦ § .‡È·L ¨ § ¦ ¯·k © § .ÔpÁ˙Ó ¨ ¥ © § ¦ CϨ .‡iÓL·c ¨ © § ¦ § oxn ¨¨
.ÈeÁ˙·e
¥ £ © § ÈÓÁ¯a ¥ £ © § χ¯NÈ ¥ ¨ § ¦ Cnr ¨ © § .ÔȘ¯t˙Ó ¦ § ¨ § ¦ ‡tÒÎa ¨ § © § .‡È·L ¨ § ¦ Èa ¥§
:CÓ„˜¨ ¨ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ̘ȯ ¨ ¥ ¯c‰ © § ¤ ‡Ic ¨ § ÔÈ˙eÚ·e ¦ ¨ ÔÈzI‡L ¦ § ¦ § ÔϨ ·‰©
Ô‡
¨ £ ȘÈLr¥ ¦ £ .dȯÓÏ ¥ ¨ § ÔpÁ˙Óc ¥ © § ¦ § ‡c·rk ¨ § © § .ÔpÁ˙Ó ¨ ¥ © § ¦ CϨ .‡iÓL·c ¨ © § ¦ § oxn ¨¨
˙ÈI ‡ÏÈÁ .ÔÈLÈÙ„ ÔÈ˙˜rÓ ÔÈLÙ ÔÈ¯È¯Ó .ÔȯL ‡ÎBLÁ·e
¥ ¨ ¥ ¦ ¦ § ¦ ¦ § © ¥ ¦ § © ¦ ¦ § ¨ ¦ ¨ ¨ £ ©
:‡˙‰·‡
¨ ¨ ¨ § © Ìr¦ z¯Ê‚c ¨ § © § ¦ ‡Ói˜ ¨ ¨ © IÈ„a ¦ § „È·r ¦ £ .Ô¯Ó ¨ ¨ CÈev¯Ï
¨ © § Ôä
,χ¯NÈ © Ÿ χÂ
¥ ¨ § ¦ „·‡È © § ,χ¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙ȯ‡ ¦¥L §ñ ¯BÓL ¥ ¨ § ¦ xnF
§ ,χ¯NÈ ¥ Wð
:χ¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ÚÓ© L ò§ ÌȯÓB‡‰
¦§ ¨
,„Á‡ © Ÿ χÂ
¨ ¤ ÈBb „·‡È ¨ ¤ rô© ˙ȯ‡L
© § ,„Á‡-Ì ¦ ¥ § ¯BÓL ¨ ¤ ÈBbì xnFW
§ ,„Á‡ ¥
:„Á‡ ¨Ÿ § ,eȉχ
¨ ¤ | ‰Â‰È ¥ Ÿ ¡ ‰Â¨Ÿ‰Èò § ,EÓL
§ ¦ ÌÈ„ÁÈÓ‰
¦£© § ©
¯Ó¢
,ÁÎ ˙Âί· („ :ÂË ,Ê ‰·¯ ˙ω˜ (‚ :·Î „ ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"‰Ú Ô˙ÂÈ Ì‚¯˙ (· : · ‡-χÂÓ˘ (‡ ‡"Â˙
‰ ‰ÎÈÓ (Ë :ËÈ ÂÎ ‰ÈÚ˘È (Á :Ë , ˙·‡ Ù"Ú (Ê :ÂË Ê ‰ÈÚ˘È ( :‡ ,ÂË ˙ÈÚ˙ (‰ :·
ÌÈω˙ ( :Ì˘ ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ó :‚Î Ê ·-χÂÓ˘ (Ï :Ë „Î ‰ÈÓ¯È Ù"Ú (Î :‚È ,Ê ‰·¯ ¯˙Ò‡ (È :Ê
:Á ‚ ¯˙Ò‡ (Ù :„  Ìȯ·„ (Ú : ‡Ï ‰ÈÓ¯È (Ò :„ ‡Î˜
‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 196
© Ÿ χÂ
ÈBb „·‡È © § ,LB„˜¨ Ìrá© ˙ȯ‡L
¦ ¥ § ¯BÓL § ,LB„˜¨ ÈBbà xnFW
¥
:LB„˜Ï¨ § ˙BM„˜ Ÿ ¨ § ÌÈLlLÓ‰
ª § LÏLa ¦ § © § © ,LB„˜¨
,Èr
¦ ¨ ¯B„ϧ Òit˙‰Â
¥ © § ¦ § ‰v¯˙‰¤ © § ¦ ,ÌÈeÁ˙a
¦ £ © § Òit˙Óe
¥ © § ¦ ,ÌÈÓÁ¯a ¦ £ © § dSxzn
¤ ©§ ¦
:¯ÊBÚ
¥ Ôȇ¥ Èk¦
:‰z‡ ¨ ¨ ‡l‡
¨ ¤ CÏÓ ¤ ¤ eϨ Ôȇ¥ ekÏÓ ¥ § © eÈ·¦ ‡ã̈ :‰z‡ ¨ ¨ eÈ·‡ ¥ § © Epia1¦ `â̈
¦ ¨ ekÏÓ
ea¨ Ôȇ¥ Èk¦ erÂ
¥ £ © epÁ
¥ ¨ ekÏÓ
¥ § © eÈ·‡ ¦ ¨ :eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ÌÁ¯ ¥ § © eÈ·¦ ‡â̈
¥ © ekÏÓ
:erÈLB‰Â
¥ ¦ § ÏB„b‰ ¨ © EÓL § ¦ ÔrÓÏ
© © § „ÒÁ¤ ¤ ¨ ‰˜„ˆ
¨ ¨ § enr¨ ¦ ‰Nr ¥ £ ÌÈNrÓ¦ £©

¯ÎŸ Êå§ :eÈÈr¥ ¥ EÈÏr ¤ ¨ Èk¦ ,‰Nrp-‰Ó ¤ £ © © Ú„ © ¥ ‡Ï Ÿ Epgp` § © £ eä©


:‰n‰ ¨ ¥ ÌÏBÚÓ ¨ ¥ Èk¦ ,EÈ„ÒÁ ¤ ¨ £ © ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EÈÓÁ¯ ¤£ ©
¨ ¨ § ¦ ‡©ç :CϨ eÏÁÈ
eÏ-¯kÊz-I § © ¦ ¯L‡k ¤ £ © ,eÈIr ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § EcÒÁ-ȉ § § © ¦ Èæ§
:„‡ÓŸ § eBl„© Èk¦ ,EÈÓÁ¯ ¤ £ © eeÓc˜È § © § ¯‰Ó ¥ © ,ÌÈBL‡¯ ¦ ¦ ˙BÂrŸ£
:¯BkÊz § ¦ ÌÁ¯ ¤Ÿ aé§ :Êe· er·N
¥ © Ê‚¯ § © ¨ ·¯-Èk © ¦ ,epÁ ¥ ¨ ‰Â‰È ¨Ÿ § ep¥ Áè̈
¤Ÿ § :¯BkÊz
Ê‚¯a § ¦ ˙BÓÈÓz ¦ § Ê‚¯a ¤Ÿ § :¯BkÊ˙ § ¦ ‰„˜r ¨ ¥ £ Ê‚¯a ¤Ÿ §
-ÌBÈ·§ erÈ ¥ £ © CÏn‰¤ ¤ © ,‰rÈLB‰ ¨ ¦ ‰Â‰ ¨Ÿ Èë§ :¯BkÊ˙ § ¦ ‰·‰‡ ¨£©
| e¯Ê¥ § rî̈ :eÁ‡
§ ¨ £ ¯Ùr-Èk
¨ ¨ ¦ ¯eÎʨ ,e¯ˆÈ ¥ § ¦ Ú„È © ¨ ‡e‰-Èkì¦ :e‡¯˜ ¥ §¨
¯tÎÂ
¥ © § eÏÈv‰Â¥ ¦ © § ,EÓL-„B·k¤ § § ¯·c-Ïr © § © erLÈ ¥ § ¦ ȉχ ¥Ÿ ¡
:EÓL ¤ § ÔrÓÏ ¥ Ÿ © ©
© © § eÈ˙‡hÁ-Ïr
CÈÏÓÈÂ
¦ § © § d˙eÚ¯Î
¥ § ¦ ‡¯· ¨ § Èc¦ ‡ÓÏra
¨ § ¨ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL © © § ¦ § lCBz
¥ § Lc˜˙ÈÂ © © § i2¦
ÔBÎÈiÁa
¥ © § :ÔÓ‡ .dÁÈLÓ ¥ ¦ § ·¯˜È ¥ ¨ ¦ d˜¯et
¥¨ § ÁÓˆÈÂ
© § © § ,d˙eÎIÓ
¥ § ©
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â§ ¦ § ,·È¯˜ ¦ ¨ ÔÓÊ·e
© § ¦ ‡I‚ra
¨ ¨ £ © ,I‡¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-I΄
¥ ¨ § ÈiÁ·e
¥ © § ÔBÎÈÓBÈ·e
¥ §
ÁazLÈÂ
© © § ¦ § C¯a˙È
¥ ¨ § ¦ :‡iÓÏr
¨ © § ¨ ÈÓIrÏe
¥ § ¨ § ÌÏrÏ© ¨ § C¯·Ó
© ¨ § ‡a¯ ¨ © dÓL¥ § ‡‰È ¥§
‡L„e˜c
¨ § § dÓL ¥ § Il‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‰lr˙ÈÂ
¤ © § ¦ § ¯c‰˙ÈÂ
¨ © § ¦ § ‡O˙ÈÂ
¥ © § ¦ § ÌÓB¯˙ÈÂ
¨ § ¦ § ¯‡t˙ÈÂ
¥ ¨ § ¦§
êȯ·
·-ÌÈÓȉ ȯ·„ (‰ :· ,‰Î ˙ÈÚ˙ („ :‡ , ˙ÈÚ˙ Û"ȯ (‚ :Â Ê Ìȯ·„ (· : ËÈ ˙ÂÓ˘ Ù"Ú (‡ ‡"Â˙
:· ‚ ˜Â˜·Á (È :‚ ‚Θ Ì˘ (Ë :Á ËÚ Ì˘ (Á :·Î ‚Ï Ì˘ (Ê : ‰Î ÌÈω˙ ( :·È Î
:Ë ËÚ Ì˘ (Ó :„È ‚˜ Ì˘ (Ï :È Î ÌÈω˙ (Î
˘È„˜ ȈÁ ÌÂÈÒ·Â "ͯ‡‰ ÂÎÏÓ ÂÈ·‡" ÌȯÓ‡ ‰ÏÙ˙‰ ¯„Ò ÚˆÓ‡· ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ ÌȯÓ‡˘Î (1 ˙‚‰‰
.(171 'ÓÚ ‰‡¯Â Z È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó)
,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‰ÁÈ˘Ó ·¯˜È ,‡·¯ ‰Ó˘ ˙·È˙‰ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘È„˜· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ (2
(¯Ó‡ ˙ˆ˜ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) ͯ·˙È . . ‰Ó˘ ‡‰È (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁÂ
ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ,‡Â‰ Íȯ· ‡˘„˜„ ‰Ó˘ (¯Ó‡ ¢‡¯ ÔÈίÓ ¯ÊÂÁ ,Û˜ÂÊÂ) Ïω˙È . . Á·˙˘ÈÂ
.(6 'ÓÚ ,ÌÈ‚‰Ó‰ ¯ÙÒ)
ˈ ‰ÈÏ„‚ ÌÂˆÏ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 197
,‡˙ÓÁÂ
¨ ¨ ¡ ¤ § ‡˙ÁaLz
¨ ¨ § § ª ,‡˙¯ÈLÂ
¨ ¨ ¦ § ‡˙ίa-Ïk
¨ ¨ § ¦ ¨ ÔÓ¦ ‡lrÏ ¨ ¥ § :ÔÓ‡ .‡e‰ Cȯa ¦§
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â§ ¦ § ,‡ÓIra
¨ § ¨ § Ô¯ÈÓ‡c
¨ ¦ £ ©
Èc¦ ÔB‰e·‡£ Ì„˜ ¨ ¢ ,χ¯NÈ
¥ ¨ § ¦ ˙Èa-Ï΄
¥ ¨ § ÔB‰˙eÚ·e § ¨ ÔB‰˙Bψ § § lAwzY ¥© § ¦
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡ § ¦ Â1§ ,‡iÓL·
¨© § ¦
,χ¯NÈ-Ïk
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¨ Ïr © § eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ÌÈ·B˦ ÌÈiÁÂ
¦ © § ‡iÓL
¨ © § ÔÓ¦ ‡a¯ ¨ © ‡ÓÏL¨ ¨ § `di ¥§
:ÔÓ‡¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â§ ¦§
,χ¯NÈ-Ïk
¥ ¨ § ¦ ¨ Ïr © § eÈÏr
¥ ¨ ÌBÏL ¨ ‰NrÈ ¤ £ © ‡e‰ ,ÂÈÓB¯Óa ¨ § ¦ ÌBÏM‰ ¨ © dU ¤2 Ÿrà
:ÔÓ‡
¥ ¨ e¯Ó‡Â§ ¦§

:(ÈÂÈ˘·) · ‰Î ·Âȇ (‡ ‡"Â˙


.(6 'ÓÚ ,ÌÈ‚‰Ó‰ ¯ÙÒ) ˙ˆ˜Ó· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰ Z Ï·˜˙˙ Ï˘ ÔÓ‡ ¯Ӈ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú˘· (1 ˙‚‰‰
.ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰ ÔÈÓÈÏ Z ‰˘ÂÚ :˘È„˜ Ï˘ ÌÂÏ˘‰ ‰˘ÂÚ ˙¯ÈÓ‡ ˙Ú· ˘‡¯‰ ˙ί‰Â ˙ÈÈˉ (2
ÚˆÓ‡· Z ÔÓ‡ . . ‡Â‰ ¢‡¯ Û˜ÂÊ ,ÚˆÓ‡· Z ÂÈÓ¯ӷ .ÏÏÙ˙Ó‰ Ï‡Ó˘Ï Z ÌÂÏ˘‰
.(È·¯‰ È‚‰Ó)
˜ ˙ÂÁÈÏÒ 199
˙¯˜Ó ÌÈÓÚË Ë˜ÈÏ
˘Ëȇ·ÂÈÏÓ Ô‰‡Ò¯Â‡È˘ Ú"ÈÊ Ï„ÚÓ ÌÁÓ ¯"ÂÓ„‡ ˜"ÎÓ
oilha eidi zepaxwde axg zeidl w"ndia cizry rcei cec 'id
cecl d"awd xn`e odizeperl dxtk 'idi dna l`xyi lr xrhvn 'ide
zg` dceb`a cgi iptl ecnri odizepera l`xyi lr ze`a zexvdy drya
dnae .mze` dpr` ip`e dgilq xcq iptl exn`ie iptl mdizeper lr ecezie
cxiy cnln 'ebe `xwie eipt lr 'd xearie weqta . . z`f d"awd eze` dlib
el dlibe daizd iptl xaere ezilha shrzny u"yk ely ltxr on d"awd
.(b"kt `hef 'il`) dgilq xcq dynl
,f"ceqt cbpk md zegilqd mcewy miweqtd :dltzd xcq lr epwzp :˙ÂÁÈÏÒ‰
k"g`e .g"i zltz mewna Ð `"e`k oia mixne`y zecn b"id mr zegilqd
dpyd lk zeltz xnb xg` enk Ð lawzz yicw ,rcp `l epgp`e ,iecie
.(`"twz q"x g"e`l yeal)
xg` lawzz xnel oi` zegilqd xg`l skiz milltzn m`c `"i
zrc la` .(yh`yhean v"dbdl `"`) d"xr zegilqa cal zegilqd
ixg` lawzz zxin`e .lawzz oixne`y oibdep Ð izi`xy n"kae .`ed cigi
giken Ð t"kdeia dltze dltz lk ixg` ,sqen ea yiy meia zixgy
f`y dltzd ÚˆÓ‡· zegilq mixne`ykl dnec epi`y oaene .bdpnd zwcv
ozvwn i"r ,z"ehd zyial Ð 'icicl elit`e .lawzz zxin`a wiqtdl oi`
.`ed wqtd ,t"kr
xcqdl mi`zn `ed Ð x"enc` g"en w"k dxedy Ð d"x mcewl :˙ÂÁÈÏÒ‰ ¯„Ò
.(milw miepiya) hen`f oiqiix `hil bdpnle ,ea lk xefgna
.(my yeal) i"ydl lecb gaye dldz `edy iptn ,mlerl ligzn ea :ȯ˘‡
cere ,(zegilqd iweqt epwzp mcbpky) f"cqtl y`x `edy iptn `"ie
d`xe Ð .(g"ixdn ihewil) eixg` yicwe ixy` mixne` dltz lk mcewy iptn
dldz t"dr a"g v"vdl n"dit .a ,ekx my .a"rq ,hiw b"gf .a ,c zekxa
.(mlyd Ð wgvi sqei ld` mildzl mi`elina k"b qtcp) cecl
,ixhie xefgnae (1oe`b r"x xeciqa xak `vnp :‰ÏÙ˙ ÚÓ¢ 'ÂÎ ‰˜„ˆ‰ '‰ ÍÏ
c"ag xefgna enk Ð o`k ‰ÏÙ˙ ÚÓ¢c miweqtd xcq .miepya ik s`
.(t"kdei ziaxra)
.(g"iq `"twzq mixt` dhn) mx lewa ligzn u"yd :ÍÏ ‰Ó˘‰
lÎ`l dncwdk ('ek a"da mb) zegilqd lk zlgza `vnp :ÂÈÂÚ . . ÂÏ ÁÏÒ
.(2mit` jx`
zlgznd dgilqn ueg `"`e epiwl` mixne` dgilq oiligznyk :‡"‡Â ÂȘχ
`"e` mixne` Ô„‡ zlgznd dgilqa la` ,(`"twz q"eq `"bn) mya
.`"rx ,bq mixac z"ewl d`x Ð .(yh`yhean v"dbdl `"`)

.t"kdeie d"x oiay minia wx zegilq xnel ebdpny `l` (1


mb gkencke .cenrd y`xa l"ve enewna `ly df qtcp `nw ipyl zegilqa `"ez xeciqa (2
.my `pipz ipye iyingl zegilqn
˙¯˜Ó ÌÈÓÚË Ë˜ÈÏ 200
Ð mezg eteqae a"` q"r cqein .(dnyk Ð dpipr) dgizt :‰Ù Á˙Ù Íȇ
.oinipa
.mibdpn) d"xrae oey`x meia `"k dgizt mixne` oi` (d"x iptly zegilqa)
.(my yeal
.ıÚÏ ,˙ÓÏ :b"ie .x`fprvd zngn iepiy :"Ï·Ï" 'ÂÎ ÈίÂÙ
.Í·Â ˙ÂÏ‚· ÌȈˆ¯ :`"p :mz` dna mivevx
,'a meia oke .xeciqa k"yenke .u"nw dcewp ziyily m"n :¯Ó‡Ó ÂÓ ·È˘˜˙Â
.'ek ,'b
iticr k"`e .(3oldl oke .mdixg`ly dgilqd dcqizp el` miweqt lr :„ÈÒÁ „·‡
enk mda jiyndl yie ,mi`iape minkg zpwz `le w"dexa exn`py dpnn
.(e"pxq g"q t"r gq q"x y"dvgn) dgilqda
.'eke 'b 'a meia oke :ÂÈ˙ÂÂÚ (u"nwa `le m"lega) ÏÎÓ . . ‡Â‰Â
Ð mezg eteqae letk a"` q"r (dnyk Ð dpipr) dgilq :‡¯˜È ÈÓ Ôȇ
.dnly
.l"fix`dzka .b ,`iw ycg f"ewz .` ,gkx b"gfa `ed ok :‚‰˙Ó . . ÍÏÓ Ï-‡
.igi xirvde ohwd dnly Ð mezge letk w"xyz t"r dgilq :ÍÈÙÏ ‡Â·˙
oenftd oke ,zeax minrt exne`l oixfegy xacd) oenft .aÎ` q"r :‰ÁÂÓ È‡ˆÂÓ·
mze` xy` ,zeaicpe zepxft `"ie .dwrv oeyl `"ie .ziae zia lk lr xfegy
,(4oey`xd xeac mixifgn ik Ð oixcdn df heit :z"x `"ie .miywan ep`
.(5wxte wxt lk oia ea miniiqn mbe
,oepgz ,eppr ,megx lÎ` ,iecie ,zepexkf mixne` zegilqd ixg` ik :¯ÎÊ˙ χ
yeal .mibdpn) y"w ,epgp`e ,l`xyi xney ,mingx iqipkn ,iqne ign
.(my
.c"ag xefgnae `"ez 'iqa enk miweqtd xcq :ÂϘ ÚÓ˘
.(g"iq `"twzq mixt` dhn) llka cr `le epafrz l` cr weqt xg` weqt
.`"rx ,bq mixac z"ewl d`x :ÂÓ˘‡ . . ÂȘχ
.b"rx xeciq .a"` q"r :ÌÚ ÏÎÓ ÂÓ˘‡
.(miepiya) b"rx xeciq .a"` q"r :ÍÓ˘ ÌÂÁ¯ Ï-‡
.c"ag xefgne `"ez 'iqa enk xcqd .a"` q"r :ÂÚ '‰ ÂÚ
.zinx`a Ð b"rx xeciq .c ,a ziprz dpynd lr cqein :̉¯·‡Ï ‰Ú˘ ÈÓ
mipey`xl oexkf) oe`b `xixy axl 'eyza mb Ð f"cr .b"rx xeciq :ÌÈÓÁ¯ ÈÒÈÎÓ
.(6(b"ry 'iq

s` ciqg ca` mei lkc zegilqd zlgzda xnel x"enc` g"en w"k z`xed mrh r"v f"tre (3
.zepey zegilqdy
seqal xefgl Ð mipenftd lka (z"dw z`ved) "c"ag bdpn t"r zegilq"a qtcp f"tr (4
'`d fexg mixfgn yi ,exagl cg`n iepiy Ð miqtcpd mixefgne zegilqae .oey`xd fexgd z`
xegad `l llk dfl eal my `ly ,zighy elit` ,d`eeydn d`xpke .mixg`a yie 't mipenfta
oey`xd fexgn wlg mixfeg Ð zeqtcpd zegilq ly rixknd maexae .eiab lr cnerd `le xrvrfd
.exagl fexg oia
g"e`l dgizt b"nxt .oenft 'rn mlyd jexr .iayz .c"x 'iq y`bin oa` i"x z"ey :dfa d`x (5
.ckw 'r a"g zeltzd xve`a a"ixbd iwenp .'ipy zxb`
g"e`g dwcv yny z"eya :`"kq `"g (c`q` i"xl) dlri `cei z"eya exne`l m` h"ewy (6
hwld ilay .b ,b p"en .gk ,'a mixwirl mitpr .e"qw g"e` q"zg .cv lkl mipt d`xn c"k b"k
‡˜ ˙¯˜Ó ÌÈÓÚË Ë˜ÈÏ 201
.b"rx xeciq :‡„·ÚÎ . . ‡È·˘ ¯·Î . . ‡ÈÓ˘·„ Ô¯Ó . . ÈÒÓ ÈÁÓ
.igi ohwd dnly Ð mezg .a"` q"r .dgilq :ÂÈÂÚ Ì‡
.un`e wfg edirny xa 'il` Ð mezg .a"` q"r .dgilq :ÍÈ˙Ș ÍÈ˙ȇ
.'ihty Ð mifexgd z"x .oenft :Ú˘Â χ¯˘È
,('` meia enke) "`lirle" mixne` oi`e .lkn `lirl .`ed :l"v Ð (30 'r) ˘È„˜·
.*minid lka l"v oke
.letk a"` q"r .dgilq :¯˘· ˙„ÓÎ Ôȇ
.dxeza lcbi ohwd dnly Ð mezg .a"` q"r .dgilq :‡¯È‡ ÌÂÈ È‡
.l"vk Ð cad ziaa Ì‚ ˙ÎÏÓ x`yd jeyg
odk (t"c ze` lk) l`eny Ð mifexgda fnexn xagnd .oenft :ÌÈÓÁ¯ È·ÏÓ
.igi
.un`e wfg wgvi xa oerny Ð mezg .a"` q"r .dgilq :ÍÈ˙‡¯˜ È‡
'x] dcedi xa myxb Ð mezg .letk a"` q"r .dgilq :ÍÈ˙‡ÏÙ ÏÎ 'ȇ
.[dlebd xe`n myxb
.¯ˆÂ ˙Ó‡· xindl :`"p 'qd ze`a
la` ,¯˜Ú˙ ‰˙ÂÎÏÓ ˙‡Â :`"p .(w)gvi Ð mifexgd z"x .oenft :ÏΉ ¯˜ÂÁ
˜ÏÓÚ ˙‡Â `qxbk rnyn ÁÏ˘· 'tc zegilqa oenftd mixne` yiy dnn
.¯˜Ú˙
un`e wfg xi`n iaxa ohwd wgvi .mifexgd z"x .dgilq :‰Á˙ ÍÓÚ Ï‡¯˘È
.['qezd lra m"aixd]
.a"` q"r .dgilq :χ¯˘È· ÌȘχ
.wfg l`ei iaxa l`eny iaxa dnly :mifexgd z"x .oenft :È˙ÁÏÒ ÂÚÈÓ˘È
.un`e wfg 'irny xa 'il` Ð mezg .a"` q"r .dgilq :ÍÓ˘· ‡¯˜‡
.a"` q"r .dgilq :Í˙‡˜ 'ȇ
.wfg wgvi Ð mifexgd iy`xa fnexn xagnd my .oenft :¯˙Ò· ·˘ÂÈ
.gxf xa oinipa :mifexgd z"x .dgilq :‰„Â‰È ˙· ˙ÏÂ˙·
.wfg 'irny xa 'il` Ð mezg .a"` q"r .dgilq :„‰ ÒÙ‡
eteqa `"p Ð .ohwd dnly Ð mezg .letk a"` q"r .oenft :ÂÈÂÚ Ì‡
mi`vnpd zexitd lk deyzy 'it .‡Ë ˘˜‰ Z ‡ÈË Ë˘Â˜‰ mewna
.`pha
.[i"yx] wgvi xa dnly Ð mezg .letk a"` q"r .dgizt :˙‡·ˆ‰ Șχ '‰
.wfg 'irny xa 'il` Ð mezg .a"` q"r .dgilq :‰Ù ‰ˆÙ‡ ‰ÎÎȇ
.'eke c"bb ,a"`` q"r .dgilq :„ÚÂÓ Ô„‡
.wgvi xa sqei Ð mezg .l"pd meiq :ÍÓÚ Èίˆ Ìȷ¯Ó

`ean k"b d`x .xva `l jrey jexrid t"dr 'dpqn riizqn d"x 'ld l`igi 'xl `zax `ipzae
eizedbda la` .d"xc w"tq p"wdn `ian f"t v"vdl dltzd zevn yxyae .b"t zeltzd xve` xeciql
oi` ik oiprd :l"fe wiqn dltzd zevn yxy azky xg`l eazkpy b"t (`"ezay) g"p d"cl
od oke dhnl dlrnln rtyd jiledl gily 'igaa zeidl wx Ð e"g xac mdn oiywany 'itd
.l"kr .'ek zeny 't xdfae `xnba mxn`k zeltzd oilrn
.l"end .owzp ef d`veda (*
˙¯˜Ó ÌÈÓÚË Ë˜ÈÏ 202
.un`e wfg dnly Ð mezg .heyte letk a"` q"r .dgilq :‰¯¯ÂÚ ‡‡
xindl d`neha dxdh miwwea . . ux`a mirxn micf mixf delhlh :l"v
.xewql hian jceak . . miwgec ipevgle
.a"` q"r (mixeh ˘Ï˘ oa fexg lk) 'iyily :‰ÂÓ‡ Ï-‡
ligznde f` recid heitd oebipa dpbpl) zipenly .a"` q"r :ÌÈί‡ ÌÈÈÁ
oiicre .zenlya mze` zx`ane mipiprd znlyny y"r `"ie .zipenly
.(r"v
.a"` q"r zipenly :„Á‡ ÍÏÓ
xagd odkd wgvi Ð mezg .a"` q"r (mixeh ipy oa fexg lk) 'ipy :Í„˜Ù· Ô„‡
.un`e wfg
.wfg 'irny xa 'il` Ð mezg .y"a z"` q"r 'ipy :ÍËÙ˘· Ô„‡
d`xpke .(‰ÂÎ ,̇ :zeaiz xg`l xy` zeaiza) a"` q"r zipenly :˙Â„Ó ‚"È
eqitcde o`ka epiy ÌÈÓÁ¯ ÈÒÈÎÓ zxin`l eyygy miqitcnd el`y
a"`d mb oi` f"ire .miepiy cere ˘ÁÏ mewna ˘Áχ ,˘˜· mewna ˘˜·‡
xagnd my xy` `"i Ð .dfl al eny `l mdixg` mi`ade .ezenilya
dfa mbe Ð .wfg mgpn oa dnly Ð 'ek dxyr yly oey`xd fexga oneqn
t"r xne` iziid `pitzqnc `lele .ÈÏÁ mewna ‰ÏÁ‡ miqitcnd epiy
:l"vk xy` ,'eke ccb ,aa` :`ed a"`d xcq d`xpk xy` al miyae l"pd
gvta ÂÏ ÔÁ˙‰Â ,dxizqdl mze` ,mdn ÏË· ,mingx ˘˜· ,ipt ÈÏÁ
,mrep dpekp ,ipt ikty jal jxra inr lr ˘ÁÏ ,ugnn mze` ,mink ÈÎÙ˘Â
ipex riyedl ,lew ÛˆÙˆ ,minexnl ‡˘ oir dpekp ,mexn ‡¯Â ywaz
.oec` ‰˘Ú˙ ,mlk mpn` eay m` .dlila inew
.oe`b 'icrq 'xl (jiptl `le ,l"vk) :ÍÈÙÏÓ Ôˆ¯ È‰È ÔηÂ
.[i"yx] wgvi iaxa dnly Ð mezg .a"` q"r dgizt :ÂÁ˙Ó Ì¯Ë Ê‡
:dteqa `"p .wfg 'irny xa 'il` Ð mezg .a"` q"r .dgilq :‡ˆÓ‰· '‰ ˙‡
.ok dgiken dnizgde ,‰-È rny
„È· Û¯˘ :dzlgza `"p .b"qxl `idy `"i Ð .a"` q"r .dgilq :È˘Ù ‰Ï·‡
.ȯ‡‰
.oinipa Ð mezg .a"` q"r .dgilq :Ê‡Ó ˙Ó‡
fer :dteqa `"p .oerny Ð mezg .yleyn a"` q"r 'iyily :Í˙Ӈ ͯ‡
.'d ‰„Ù ik :l"v ,'d χ‚ ik .ok dgiken dnizgde Ð dhri Áˆ
.dnly mezg .w"xyz q"r zipenly :ÂÓÁ¯˙ ·Â˘˙
.wfg wgvi ax xa mixt` :mifexgd z"x .(dpkez y"r) dcwr :ÒÙ‡ ̇
zgznd Ð dzlgza `"p .oinipa Ð mezg .a"` q"r oenft :‰·Â˘˙ ͯ„ ˙ȯ‰
.iceqie ı¯Ú

You might also like