Summary: Bone growth and remodelling Subject: Anatomy &Physiology

BONE GROWTH REMODELING

Embryos After Birth Young Puberty Adult
Children
Hyaline Hyaline cartilage - converted to bones except Bones except 2 factors in remodelling
cartilage the end of bones (articular cartilages & Cartilage- 1. Calcium(Ca) ion level in blood
epiphyseal plates) nose, ribs, 2. Pull of Gravity & muscles
joints
Ends - Lengthening * Drop in Ca stimulates release of parathyroid
Site where new cartilages is formed hormone (PTH) into blood
continuously occurs on the joint side
= PTH activates osteoclasts* (giant bone
Old cartilage (articular cartilages & medullary destroying cells )to break down bone matrix &
cavity) is broken down & replaced by bony
matrix =Release Ca into the blood*

Widening* *Simultaneous
Osteoblasts (periosteum) add bone matrix to
outside of diaphysis Note: Hypercalcemia- Ca is deposited in bone
matrix as hard Ca salts by osteoblasts
Osteoclasts (endosteum) remove bone from
inside to enlarge medullary cavity =Osteoblasts lay down new bone matrix & is
trapped in the matrix
*Lengthening and widening occurs
simultaneously (appositional growth) Epiphyseal =Osteoblasts become osteocytes (mature bone
plates are cells)
completely
converted to
BONE
Release of growth hormone Release of sex What is the importance of bone remodelling?
hormone

Dr. Alma Sorerra-banua

Subject-in- charge