Information Communication Technology
Grade 12 – 1st Term 2019
Competency Competency Level Contents
1: Explores the 1.1 Investigates the  Life cycle of data
basic concepts basic building blocks o Data creation
of ICT together of information and o Management
with its role and their characteristics o Removal of obsolete
applicability in data
today’s  Data vs. Information
knowledge  Definition of information
based society  Characteristics of valuable  Describes data, process and
information: timeliness,
accuracy, presented within
the context, enhanced
understandability and less
uncertainty
 The need to handle large
volumes and other
complexities of data -
Introduction
1.2 Investigates the  Applicability of
need of technology information in day to day life
to create, o Decision making
disseminate and o Policy making
manage data and o Predictions
information o Planning, scheduling
and monitoring
 Drawbacks of manual
methods in manipulating
data and information
o Inconsistency and
duplication in data,
Learning Outcomes Duration/ Due Date Completed Info
Periods Date
 Defines data and outlines its life 6
cycle
 Recognizes the need of a process
to define data and information
 Recognizes the strong inter
relationship between data, process
and information
information
 Lists various forms of data and
their characteristics
 Describes the characteristics of
quality data
 Distinguishes data from
information
 Illustrates the value of information
 Describes the characteristics of
valuable information
 Recognizes big data, their needs
and analysis
 Identifies the drawbacks of manual 6
data processing methods
 Describes the importance of
information in day to day life
 Lists the available technologies
related to information
dissemination
 Investigates the development of
computer networks, the Internet
and WWW
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 room for errors,  Describes the development of
human errors and mobile communication, mobile
delay in processing computing and cloud computing
o Lack of sharing  Appreciates the use of technology
information and to create, disseminate and manage,
reduced customer data and information
services  Recognizes the usage of information
 Infeasibility of applying in various domains
manual methods where they  Investigates the safety issues of
can be harmful to humans human operators in various
 Emergence of ICT era applications
o Use of IT to overcome
the drawbacks of
manual methods of
data manipulation
 Usage of information in
various domains
 Availability of technologies
related to information
retrieval and sharing
 Development of computer
networks, the Internet and
WWW
 Development of mobile
communication, mobile
computing and cloud
computing

1.3 Formulates an  Abstract model of  Identifies the components of an 2

abstract model of information creation abstract model of information
information creation o Input, process, output creation
and evaluates its o Its appropriateness to  Defines a system
compliance with ICT Computer and ICT  Analyses various systems using the
system definition
 Relates the abstract model to
information systems

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  Matches the abstract model of
information creation to the main
functions of the computer
 Recognizes the role of ICT in the
abstract model of information
creation
1.4 Selects and  Hardware  Defines and classifies hardware 2
classifies the basic o Classification of and software components
components of a hardware components  Distinguishes proprietary software
computer system  Software and open source software
o Classification of  Describes the advantages and
software disadvantages of proprietary and
 Human Operators open source software
o Need of human  Identifies the role of human
operators in information operators in the ICT enabled
systems information systems
1.5 Analyses the  Steps in data processing:  Lists and briefly describes the data 4
activities of data o Data gathering processing steps
processing o Data validation  Identifies data gathering methods
o Data processing  Identifies data validation
o Data output methods
o Data storage  Lists data input methods
 Data gathering methods  Describes data processing
o Manual methods methods
o Semi-automated and  Lists data output methods
automated methods  Describes data storage methods
 Tools - (OMR, OCR, MICR,
card/tape readers,
magnetic strip readers, bar
code readers, sensors and
loggers)
 Data validation methods
o Data type check
o Presence check
o Range check
 Modes of data input
o Direct and remote o
Online and offline
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  Data processing
o Batch and real time
 Output methods
o Direct presentation to
the user
o Storing for further
processing
 Storage methods
 Local and remote storage
(cloud)
 Short- and long-term
storage
1.6 Investigates the  Application of ICT in:  Identifies appropriate tools, 4
application of ICT in o Education skills and knowledge needed in
different domains o Healthcare different application domains
o Agriculture  Discusses the benefits of ICT in
o Business and finance different domains
o Engineering
o Tourism
o Media and journalism
o Law enforcement

1.7 Evaluates the  Benefits caused by ICT  Explains the benefits of ICT in 4
impact of ICT in the o Social benefits terms of social and economic
society o Economic benefits aspects
 Issues caused by ICT  Explains briefly the issues
o Social caused by advancement of ICT in
o Economical terms of social, economic,
o Environmental environmental, ethical and legal
o Ethical aspects
o Legal  Investigates the legal situation
o Privacy connected with the usage of ICT
o Digital divide  Explains the environmental
issues associated with ICT
 Confidentiality  Explains safe disposal methods
 Stealing / Phishing of e-waste
 Piracy

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  Copyright / intellectual
property laws
 Plagiarism
 Licensed / unlicensed
software
2: Explores the 2.1 Elicits the  History of computing
evolution of significant changes o Early calculating aids
computing occurred in the  mechanical
devices, so as to computers from  electromechanical
be able to generation to o Electronic age of
describe and generation with computing
compare the more emphasis on  Generation of computers
performance of the evolution of o 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G and
modern processors future
computers  Different types of
classifications
o Technology
 analog, digital
o Purpose
 special /general
o Size
 super, mainframe,
mini, micro (mobile
devices –smart
phones, tablet
devices and phablets)
2.2 Explores the  Major hardware
functionality of a components
computer in relation  Input devices: keyboard
to the hardware and entry and direct entry
their interfaces (keyboard, pointing
devices, touch pad, remote  Describes the evolution of CPU and
control, touch screen,
magnetic strip reader,
barcode reader, smart card
 Explains briefly the ethical, Legal
and social issues in the usage of
ICT
 Briefly explains the role of ICT in
achieving Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs)
 Investigates the approaches to
eliminate digital divide
 Categorizes the early calculating aids 4
with examples
 Describes the generations of
computers with their features in a
table
 Categorizes computers in terms of
technology, purpose and size with
examples
 Identifies hardware peripherals and 6
their relevant interfaces
 Identifies the advantages of direct
entry input devices over keyboard
entry input devices
its compatibility with motherboard
 Categorizes the Storage devices
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 reader, scanner, digital  Briefly explains the features of each
camera, microphone, storage device
sensors, graphic tablets,  Identifies the need for parallel and
MICR, OMR and OCR grid computing
readers, video camera,
digitizer, web cam)
 Advantages of direct entry
input devices over
keyboard entry input
devices
 Output devices and their
features (CRT monitor, TFT
monitor, LED monitor, dot
matrix printer, inkjet
printer, laser printer, 3D
printer, graph plotter,
speakers)
 CPU and its compatibility
with motherboard
 Storage devices( fixed
internal hard disk, portable
external hard disk,
magnetic tape, Optical
discs(CD Rom/DVD Rom,
CD-R/DVD-R, CD-RW/ DVD-
RW, DVDRAM, Blu-Ray)
flash memory card, mini
disk)  Parallel and grid
computing
2.3 Explores the  Von-Neumann  Describes the stored program 6
VonNeumann Architecture concept
Architecture o Stored program control  Names the major components of
concept VonNeumann architecture
o Components (input,  Describes fetchexecute cycle
output, memory,  Briefly describes ALU, CU, Memory
Processor control unit (Registers), data and control bus
and processing ALU
unit)
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  Fetch-execute cycle  Draws the VonNeumann
 Central processing unit Architecture model and names its
(CPU) components
o Arithmetic and logic  Describes the need of multi-core
unit (ALU) processors
o Control unit (CU)
o Memory (Registers)
o Data and control bus
o Multi-core processors
2.4 Examines PC  Memory hierarchy  Briefly explains the memory 6
memory system to o Need of memory hierarchy with a suitable diagram
identify different types hierarchy  Describes the need for different
of memory and their o Comparison criteria types of memory and their
main characteristics  Physical size / density characteristics
of data  Briefly explains the volatile and
 Access method non-volatile memory
 Access time (elapsed  Lists volatile and nonvolatile
time/delay) memories in computer
 Capacity  Describes the characteristics of
 Cost memory in terms of performance,
 Volatile memory and their location, capacity, access method,
characteristics cost, physical type and physical
o Registers arrangement of data (bits into
o Types of cache words)
memory  Lists and briefly explains the types
o Main memory – RAM and characteristics of ROMs
o Types of RAM  Compares and contrasts each type
 SRAM, DRAM, of memory in terms of access time,
SDRAM cost / MB, capacity (typical amount
 Non-volatile memory and used)
their characteristics
o Types of ROMs
 PROM, EPROM and
EEPROM
o Secondary storage
 magnetic, optical
and flash memory

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3: Investigates 3.1 Analyses how  Need for instruction and  Describes that instruction and data 10
how instructions numbers are data representation in are represented using two states
and data are represented in digital devices in computers
represented in computers  Methods of instruction  Explains the need of different
computers and and data representation number systems
exploit them in in computers  Describes how different types of
arithmetic and o Representation of decimal numbers are stored in
logic operations data in two states computers
(0,1)  Converts decimal integers into
 Number systems used binary, octal and hexadecimal
in computing numbers and vice versa
o Binary, octal,  Converts binary numbers to octal
hexadecimal and hexadecimal, and vice versa
o Conversion  Converts octal numbers to binary
between number and hexadecimal, and vice versa
systems  Explains that the MSB is used to
 Representation of indicate the sign when converting
decimal numbers (signed the given binary value to one’s
and unsigned) complement
o Signed integer  Converts the given binary value to
representations two’s complement
 Signed magnitude  Explains the usage of one’s
 One’s complement complement and two’s
 Two’s Complement complement
3.2 Analyses how  Methods of character  Lists the methods of character 4
characters are representation representation in computer
represented in o BCD  Converts given symbols into a
computers o EBCDIC representation scheme
o ASCII  Describes the advantage and
o Unicode disadvantage of different data
representation schemes
3.3 Uses basic  Binary arithmetic  Works out additions (multiple 4
arithmetic and logic operations - (integers numbers with or without
operations on binary only) carryovers) – in binary numbers
numbers o Addition, subtraction  Works out subtraction (with or
 Logical operations without borrowing) – in binary
numbers

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 o Bitwise logical  Works out NOT, AND, OR, XOR
operations bitwise operations
4: Uses logic 4.1 Analyzes basic  Digital logic gates and  Names basic logic gates and draws 6
gates to design digital logic gates in truth tables o Basic logic the appropriate symbols of them
basic digital terms of their unique gates  NOT, AND, OR, and  Draws the truth tables for the
circuits and functionalities XOR o Combinational gates basic logic gates
devices  NAND, NOR, and XNOR o  Identify symbols that represent
Universal gates  NAND, negations of basic logic gates
NOR  Creates truth tables for given
expressions (maximum three
inputs)
 Explains the need of universal
gates
 Explains the fabrication of any
gate using universal gates
4.2 Simplifies logic  Two state logic and  Describes the need for simplifying 8
expressions using Boolean Algebra Boolean expressions
laws of Boolean  Postulates (Axioms)  Represents logical expressions in
algebra and  Laws/theorems standard forms (SOP and POS)
Karnaugh map o Commutative, according to the given truth table
associative  Transforms SOP into POS and vice
 Distributive versa
o Identity,  Simplifies logic expressions using
redundancy Boolean theorems, axioms, De
o De Morgan’s Morgan’s Laws and Karnaugh map
 Standard logical
expressions
o Sum of products and
product of sums
o Transform SOP into
POS and vice versa
 Simplify logic expressions
using
o Boolean theorems
o o Karnaugh map

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Submit to the approval …………………………………. Date …………………………….

Approved / Not Approved ………………………………….. Date ……………………………….

Principle / vice principle

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