E. L. DUNN.

PUSH BUTTON CONTROL FOR ELEWATOR AND DUMB WAITER SYSTEMS,

APPLICATION FILED FEB, 14, 1908.
987,446. Patented Mar, 21, 1911.
4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Z25. ZSs 2S6 2S2

2422/

27T
 E. L. DUNN,
PUSH BUTTON CONTROL FOR ELEVATOR AND DUMB WAITER systEMs.
APPLICATION FILED FEB 14, 1908.
987,446. Patented Mar. 21, 1911.
4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

7 Z 2.
22 A. l
O O

A t
fz
VO

N3
WW2
See ar
zz

-6. Y12-2-2. -----

Zee-eee Moes,
721 M. M.16///z.
& 2-2-7, 42 aa w - as/ (72/weae

S-67é7 S-26-4-
 E. L. DUNN,
PUSH. BUTTON CONTROL FOR ELEWATOR AND DUMB WAITER SYSTEMS,
APPLICATION FILED FEB, 14, 1908.
987,446. Patented Mar, 21, 1911.
4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

2 Z
2
W

::f3, 32.2';
222222222222222 Resis
222222222221.
al

s ZZe/eleave.
1/Z/zesses : Z Z. M1 a Ma
-6, 7/222a--- 9- 6%-zee-s
& a 24- S. a6 rs-47?.
 E. L. DUNN,
PUSH BUTTON CONTROL FOR ELEWATOR AND DUMB WAITER, SYSTEMS,
A PPLICATION FILED FEB, 14, 1908.
987,446. Patented Mar. 21, 1911.
4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

. .

7. p P ZZz6/6/z-Moe,
1%6269 ;
6.7272-e---
22.2
Y
Z Z.M.7/7Z-.
ey (7% ze:s
6, 2-2-1, 42-64 - S. 3 3S 26
 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
EDWARD L. DUNN, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.
PUSH-BUTTON CONTROL FOR ELEWATOR AND DUMB-WAITER, SYSTEMS.

987,446. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Mar. 21, 1911.

Application filed February 14, 1908. Seria No. 415.80.

To all whom it may concern: especially a most material reduction in its

Be it known that I, EDWARD L. DUNN, a size. This commutator is provided with a
citizen of the United States, residing at contact maker constructed to shift its posi
Worcester, in the county of Worcester and tion in response to the operation of any of
5 State of Massachusetts, have invented a new the push-buttons to determine the direction 55
and useful Push-Button Control for Ele in which the car shall start, and at the same
vator and Dumb-Waiter Systems, of which time predetermine where the car will stop.
the following is a specification. By the use of such a contact maker involv
This invention relates to a push-button ling most of the selective features of the sys
10 controlling device for the purpose of con tem, the sending of a current after the first 60
trolling electric or hydraulic motors, but in impulse through the direction rings of the
tended principally for controlling electric indicator, or whatever is used in place of
the direction rings, is avoided. Aside from
dumb-waiters, electric elevators, and hy the starting current, which passes through 65
draulic elevators in such a way that they the indicator direction rings, the indicator
l5 will be correctly and safely operated with performs no function except to close a shunt
Cut necessitating the presence of a regular circuit which causes the machine to stop.
operator. Heretofore push-button control Also in the preferred form of the invention
ling devices for these purposes have gener the contact maker always returns to normal
ally involved the use of an oscillating floor position and starts from this position every 70
20 indicator having several selective features time a button is pushed, so that there can
necessitating the use of a separate magnetic be no difficulty on account of the element
switch for each floor at which the car can which controls the direction of the opera
stop. These magnetic switches have been tion of the machine, being out of place with 75
used in addition to the regular operating respect to the car itself.
25 magnets required to operate the main switch, Reference is to be had to the accompany
brake, slow-speed switch, rheostat, and other ing drawings which show certain forms of
devices taking part in the regular operation the invention, and in which
of the machine. It has been necessary, there Figure 1 is a wiring diagram or diagram
fore, that the turning indicator be of large matic view showing the invention as used. 80
30 size, especially in systems installed in tall with a gravity contact maker for an electric
buildings where there must be a large num dumb-waiter machine of the drum type. Fig.
ber of these separate magnetic switches. 2 is a front view of the gravity contact
These indicators also generally have had maker partly in section to show interior
control of a large number of operations of construction. Fig. 3 is a sectional view of 85
35 the car, and they have necessarily been com the same on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2, showing
plicated in several ways. the cross head or contact maker in plan.
The chief object of the present inven Fig. 4 is a sectional view on the line 4-4
tion is to eliminate many of the complica
tions of such systems, and to accomplish in of Fig. 2, showing the interior construction 90
40 a simple and reliable manner, results the of a clutch constituting part of the contact
same, or superior to, those which hereto maker. Fig. 5 is an elevation of a set of
push-buttons. Fig. 6 is a transverse sec
fore have been accomplished by complicated tional view of the same on the line 6-6 of
mechanism and large numbers of electro Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a sectional view on the 95
magnets. This is done according to the line 7-7 of Fig. 5 showing the circuit
45 present invention chiefly by the use of a new
device breaker. Fig. 8 is a plan of one form of
withoutwhich I call aanycommutator,
necessitating which,
such complicated indicator which may be used with this in
vention. Fig. 9 is an elevation showing how
mechanism and electric connections, takes the device may be used to control a hydraulic 00
most of the duty of the indicator, thus per elevator, and Fig. 10 is an elevation of an
50 mitting a great simplification thereof and
 92 987,446
other form of commutator showing portions
of the wiring in diagrammatic form.
A typical installation according to this
invention requires at each floor a full set
of push buttons, corresponding to the num
ber of floors at which the car is to stop.
Arrangement is made whereby, when a but
ton is pushed, the car, regardless of its posi
tion in the well room, automatically starts,
0. and stops at the floor indicated by the push
button. When a button is pushed, the con
trolling device (as will be explained here
in after,) opens the push button circuit, thus
rendering all push buttons inoperative until
5 the car stops. Each door is provided with
a suitable form of door switch, arranged to
open and close a circuit as the door is opened
and closed. This arrangement renders the
machine inoperative if a door is open, or
will cause the machine to stop instantly if
a door is opened while the machine is in
motion. When passengers are to be carried,
the car is provided with a full set of push
buttons, the same as those at the floors, and
25 an additional push button for the purpose
of opening the door switch circuit to stop
the car if occasion should require it. This
stop push button is simply a safety feature,
the same as the door switches.
30 The entire controlling apparatus, as shown
comprises a commutator, an indicator,
a main reversing switch, two auxiliary
Switches, two direction solenoid switches, two
test Switches, line switch and fuses, and also
35 door switches and push-buttons, which are
not a part of the controller proper, but
which are used in its operation.
The diagram (Fig. 1) shows not only the
40
controlling circuits, but also the push but
ton circuits, door switch circuits, motor cir
cuits and brake Solenoid circuits. It is
therefore, complete in all details, the only
change being necessary when used for pas
45
senger service is that a stop button is added
to the set of push buttons in the car. This
stop button, when pushed, opens the door
Switch circuit, and has exactly the same re
sult as when opening a door that is, it
50
causes the car to stop instantly and renders
it inoperative so long as the circuit is open.
The diagram indicates the machine at rest
with the car at the third floor, as shown by
the position of a movable contactor V at the
55
indicator. The commutator has a cross
head or contact maker B which is shown in
the normal up position, and ready to drop b
gravity when the current supply to a sole
noid A, which operates the cross-head or
60 contact maker is broken. The path of the
current through the solenoid A can be traced
as follows :Starting at the plus side of the
line switch, and through the fuse No. 1, the
current path can be traced through test
65 switch DS1, door switches D S 3-D S 4
D S 5-D S 6 and D S 7, and back to test
switch clip D S 2, and from this point
through the down and up automatic switches
to the direction switch feed binding posts
B P 1 and B P 2, to test binding posts B P 5,
to test switch P B 1 and up the well room 70
push button box feed wire W 2, through
the circuit breaking switches in each push
button box A B 1-A B 2-A B 3-AB 4
and A B 5, back to test switch clip P B 2,
through wire W 1 and segments X 7 and 75
X 8, through brushes of the contact maker
IB, through resistance and to one side of
switch D, through solenoid A to magnetic
clutch binding post B P 3, to fuse No. 2,
and negative side of line switch. From this 80
circuit it can be seen that a current is pass
ing through resistance and Solenoid A, and
that this solenoid could be de?nergized by
opening either one of the test switches
P B 1 or D S 1, or by opening any one of 85
the door switches D S 3 D S4, etc., or by
opening any one of the circuit breakers
A B1-A, B 2, etc., in the push boxes, or by
opening either automatic. In such a case
the contact maker B would drop as will be 90
explained hereinafter. Therefore, by push
ing any button or other equivalent device
for closing the circuit, this circuit is opened
and another circuit made from the push
button as follows: Assuming that any one 95
of the No. 4 push buttons is pushed, the re
sult would be, 1st, the push button wire
W 4 would be connected to the push button
feed wire W 2. On account of the construc
tion of the push-buttons which will be de 100
scribed hereinafter a continued movement
of the push button opens the circuit break
ing switch A B, thus breaking the solenoid
A circuit, and causing contact maker B to
fall. By following the wire W 4, which is 05
now alive, through the push button contact,
it will be seen that this wire W 4, leads to
a commutator segment S 4, and that the
moving contact maker B, connects the two
segments S4-S4 of the double row S. 1, 10
S2, S3, S 4 and S 5, thus a new circuit is
made which can be traced from the plus
side of the line, through No. 1, fuse, through
test switch D S 1, door switches D S 3-D
S 4-D S 5-D S 6-D S 7, through the up 15
and down automatics, through test switch
P B 1, through push button feed wireW2.
through live side of push button circuit
breaking switch A B, through push button
No. 4, through push button wire No. W 4. 120
to commutator segment S 4-S 4, through
wire No. W. 5, to movable direction ring
contact No. 4, through direction ring to con
tact No. U 1, through wire No. W 6, to up
direction solenoid, through this to magnetic 25
clutch binding post No. B P 4, through a
magnetic clutch magnet C, through No. W.
15 and fuse No. 2, to the negative side of
the line. From this circuit it can be seen
that the contact maker B has dropped to the 30
 987,446

position S 4-S 4, that the magnetic clutch the car up, and the commutator contact
C has received a circuit, and acted, holding naker B is locked in a midway position at
the contact maker B firmly in this position. S 4-S 4. Consequently the segments
It can be seen further that the up direction X 7-XS are open circuited, and the switch
5 solenoid switch is in series circuit with the Disclosed. There is no circuit through the
magnetic clutch C, the office of which is to switch D at this time, because this circuit is
stop the fall of the contact maker B, and loy open at the auxiliary switch contacts
Thold it locked in proper position while the X 9-X 10, and therefore, there is no cur
machine is running, and as a consequence, rent passing through the push button cir
10 the up direction solenoid switch has closed. cit breakers A B 1-AB 2, etc., and inci 75
As the push button circuit is normally re dentally there is no current passing through
leased instantly, the retaining circuit line the diection ring or contacts S 4-S 4, as
will now be traced, from positive side of the current passing through was simply a
line, through No. 1 fuse, through door starting circuit, and as explained above, the
5 switches DS 3-D S 4-D S 5-D S 6 direction Solenoid, when operating, formed 80
DS 7, through the up and down automatics, in retaining circuit after the starting circuit
to direction solenoid binding post No. BP passed. Therefore, if the push button No.
1, through wire No. W 7, through the 4. Were pushed at this time, it would mean
switch contacts No. X 1-X 2, through the simply that another path would be closed
20 up direction solenoid to B P 4, through from the push button, through the direc
magnetic clutch C to fuse No. 2, and nega tion ring to the up direction solenoid, and
tive side of line. Thus it can be seen that the only effect would be that the solenoid
the closed switch X 1-X 2, is supplying would in such a case, have two sources of
the feed and that a new circuit can be traced current supply. On the other hand, all
25 from this point, that is, B P 1, through other push button wires terminate in open
wire No. W7, through contact X2, through contacts at the commutator segments
wire No. W. S., to the up main switch sole S 1-S 2-S 3 and S 5. By this it can be
noid, and from there through No. 3 fuse to seen that the push button circuits are all in
effective while the machine is in motion.
negative side of line. The up main switch
30 solenoid is now energized, and has closed All circuits necessary to the starting and
the up side of the main reversing switch. running of the machine have been described,
The motor circuits are, therefore, alive, and the way in which the machine stops,
causing the motor totherunpushthebutton,
car up that and the controller comes to its normal posi
to theis tion
floor indicated by at rest, will now be described.
35 to say, the fourth floor. The motor circuits It is understood that the solenoid A is
are not described, as they can easily be fol deenergized, that the cross-head or contact
lowed by any person familiar with motor maker B is locked in position at S 4-S 4.
circuits. There is one circuit, however, pass that the up main switch solenoid is ener
ing through the main switch to binding post gized, that the up main switch is closed, that 105
40 M, which will be explained presently. the up direction solenoid is in series circuit
The up main switch solenoid, when op with the magnetic clutch magnet C, and
erating, not only operates the main revers that the contactor V is moving in the up di
ing switch, but also operates the up aux rection, approaching the proper floor stop
iliary switch, with the result that the con contact F 4, of the series F-F 2-F 3-F 4
tacts X 9-X 10 shown bridged in the dia and F 5. As the movable contact point V 2 0.
grann (Fig. 1) are now open circuited, and touches the floor stop roller F 4, the contact
the contacts X 11-X 12 are bridged. The point W2 is depressed, thus makingor an elec
auxiliary switches may be operated in any trical circuit which stops the machine. The
desired way, as for example, in accordance method of making this contact and regu 5
with the principle set forth in my co-pend lating its duration is not described herein
ing application on an elevator operating as it forms no part of the present invention,
system, Serial No. 324,384, filed duly 2, having been described and claimed in my
1906. It will now be explained why the co-pending REE for patent Serial
push button circuits are inoperative, and No. 324,384 filed July 2, 1906. This stop
55 other functions performed by the auxiliary circuit can be traced as follows:-Starting 120
switch will be referred to later. As ex at the positive side of the line switch,
plained above, while the contact maker B is through wire W 9, to main switch binding
in the up position, the machine is at rest, post M. 1 through wire W 10, through the
the make and break switch D, which regu upper and lower carbons X 6-X 6 (which
60 lates the current supply to the solenoid A, are now in contact) through wire W 11, to 25
is held open by a plunger E (Fig. 2) that binding post M, through wire W 12, to a
is, raised by the contact maker, and the long conducting segment F 1 at the com
solenoid A is being fed through the contact mutator through brushes or contact maker
maker brushes by means of the contacts B, to one of the segments P 4, of a series
65 X 7-X 8, but now the machine is running i P 1, P2, P3, P., 4 and P 5 corresponding 30
 4. 987,446

to the double row of segments S 1, etc., to tact. maker would resume its normal posi
floor stop F 4, through contactor W, to tion. Pushing a button corresponding to
shunt ring V 3, through wire W 13, through the floor at which the car is at rest would
magnetic clutch C to fuse No. 2, and nega have the same effect, as the direction con
tive side of line. Thus it can be seen that a tact for that floor would be between the two 70
shunt circuit has been formed around the direction rings. When it is desired to run
up direction switch solenoid, de?nergizing the machine independently of the push but
it, and causing its switch contacts X 1-X2, ton boxes, the double throw, single pole
to open. As all controlling circuits, except switch P B 1, is reversed, rendering the
0 the above described shunt, are passing push buttons inoperative. Now by attach 75
through this switch X 1-X 2 they are ing a wire to the test binding post B P 5,
broken by the opening of the switch, and the the machine can be operated in a natural
main reversing Switch, when opening, manner as follows:-Hold the wire from
breaks the shunt, or stop circuit passing test binding post B P 5 to one of the seg
5 through wire W 12, which causes the ma ments S 1 S2-S 3-S 4-S 5 at which it 80
chine to stop. As the contacts X 9-X 10 is desired the machine should stop. Next
at the up auxiliary switch are again open, for an instant, either one of the test
bridged, the circuit now passes through the switches P B 1 or D S 1. This would cause
door switches and auxiliary switch con the machine to start in the same manner as
20 tacts X 9-X 10-X 13-X14 and switch if a push button were operated, and the 85 .
D, directly into the solenoid A to fuse No. contact maker will remain locked, and the
2,there
andis the negative side of the line. As stop circuit will act as usual. By reversing
no resistance in series with the so the double throw, single pole switch DS 1
lenoid A at this time, it operates at full to the position D S 2 the door switch line
25 strength until near the completion of its is short circuited and the machine will op 90
stroke when the switch. D is opened, break erate regardless of the door switches DS3
ing the circuit which was passing around D S 4 D S 5-D S 6-D S 7.
the resistance, but as the segments X-X 8 The operation and construction of the
are now bridged by the brushes of the con gravity commutator will now be described,
30 tact maker B, the current from this source more in detail. 95
passes through the resistance and through When the machine is at rest, the contact
the solenoid A as described in the begin maker B is held in the up position, as has
ning. To start the machine in a reverse di been explained, by a WE current passing
rection, the No. 2 push button circuit could through the solenoid A. The switch. D is
35 be followed, through the down direction so open as shown, and the magnetic clutch C 100
lenoid, down direction ring, down main is released and free to move. When a but
sywitch solenoid, etc., the results being iden ton is pushed, the circuit passing through
tical with those described except as to di solenoid A is broken, and the contact maker
rection. B falls. When it reaches the segment (S1
40 There remains yet to be explained the S 2, etc.) Eping to the button 105
extra limit stop circuits, made by the auxil pushed, a current is fed from one segment
iary switches. It is understood that the to the other, through the contact maker
position of the contact maker B closes one brushes, to the magnetic clutch. The clutch
opening in a circuit, and that the moving acts instantly, thus holding the contact
45 contactor W closes the other opening, or in maker locked in position. This operation 110
other words, completes the stop circuit. If, has started the machine in the right direc
however, the contact maker B, or the con tion, and at the same time, has determined
tactor V, failed to complete the stop circuit, where it shall stop, as one of the segments
the car would continue its trip to the limit
50 in the direction that it was traveling, and
(P1-P 2, etc.) corresponding to the but
ton pushed, has been electrically connected 115
when the movable contactor W 2 engaged to the strip F 1, as has been described.
the limit floor stop F 5, for instance, the When the machine stops, the solenoid A
stop circuit through the up auxiliary switch receives its full current through the switch
would act, causing a natural stop, regardless. D which is row closed, an the contact
55 of the contact maker B circuit, as follows: maker B is lifted to its normal up position. 20
from main switch binding post M to auxil The switch D is opened during the latter
iary switch contacts X11-X 12, through part of the stroke, reducing the current the
wire W 14 to the floor stop F 5, and through minimum amount necessary to retain the
contactor V as before. The reverse limit plunger in the up position. When the so
60 circuit would pass vice versa through auxil lenoid A lifts its plunger the movement is 125
iary switch contacts X 15-X 16 to the first cushioned by air compression as a ball check
stop F. Opening a door while the machine valve K resting in a recess K at the top
is at rest would simply deenergize the so of a longitudinal passage K is closed, and
lenoid A, causing the contact maker B to the air above the plunger cannot escape
65 fall, and by closing the door again, the con except around the sides of the plunger, 130
 987,446 5

which does not fit the shell L with perfect of the contact maker cross-head. When this
tightness, thus the force of the blow is re-contact is made, the machine stops, as has
duced, and the noise and jar eliminated. It been explained. To make this plainer it
is also desirable to regulate the downward may be stated that a certain circuit must be 70
motion of the contact maker, as its speed made to stop the machine. A stop circuit is
in falling would, in some instances, be too provided for each floor. These circuits each
fast to check. This retardation is accom have two openings. When the machine
plished as follows: The plunger when fail starts, the contact maker cross-head, by its
movement, closes one opening in one of the 75
ing tends to create a vacuun effect inside stop
10 the solenoid. A small screw valve G can be circuits, and when the moving contactor
adjusted to allow the air to be admitted touches the corresponding floor stop, the
above the plunger, and the speed is accord other opening is closed and the stop circuit
ingly regulated to suit. is complete. The automatics N are simply
limit switches which are opened by the mov
The magnetic clutch C is shown in Figs. able
2 and 4. It comprises a base C on which contactor in case the car should fail to
is secured a box C°. This box has an elec stop at the limit.
tromagnet C° connected with the binding The main reversing switch is actuated by
posts B P 3 and B P 4. In a central pas two solenoids, labeled U and D0 respec
sage through the electromagnet is a recipro tively in Fig. 1. The principal function of 85
cable rod C and a spring C acting on a col this switch is to handle the motor circuit, but
incidentally it controls other circuits, and
lar C6 on the rod to force it out. The rod
is provided with a plate C7 which will turn also operates the two auxiliary switches.
on or with the rod, and on which is mounted The two auxiliary switches are for the pur
an arm C pivotally connected with the con pose of opening the push button circuit, as
5 tact maker B. The motion of the contact the machine starts, and also are used to 90
maker turns the plate C, but the latter is establish limit stop circuits regardless of the
always in condition to be drawn against the position of the contact maker. For instance,
box when the electromagnet is energized, when the machine is running in an up di
to securely lock the arm C and contact rection, the up auxiliary switch makes a cir
maker B in position. cuit which causes the car to stop naturally 95
It has been stated that the operation of at the top floor even if the contact maker
the push buttons serves two functions; first, should not be in position, and vice versa.
to connect one push button wire, as W 4. when the machine is running in a down di
with the push button feed wire, W 2, and rection. 100
5 second, to open the circuit breaking switch The direction solenoids, labeled S9 and
AB. This may be accomplished by the foll S' respectively, operate in response to the
lowing construction. In a push button box movement of the contact maker, and one or
O is a base O 1 to which push button levers the other operates according to the position
O 2 are pivoted, a spring O 3 being used of the movable contactor at the indicator. 05
40 to hold them up. The pushing of one of These direction solenoid switches in addition
the buttons, 1, 2, 3, etc., first makes a contact to feeding the magnetic clutch also feed the
with a movable rod O4 which is connected main switch solenoid, and, as is shown in
with the feed wire W 2 thus establishing the the wiring diagram (Fig. 1), the machine is
proper push button circuit. The further stopped when one of the direction solenoids 10
45 depression of the button causes this rod, is de&nergized by making of the stop circuit,
which is pivotally mounted on arms. O 5, to which means that it is shunted out of cir
descend and break the circuit which has cuit.
been described. The two test switches are entirely for test
The indicator, shown in full in Fig. 8 ing purposes, and have nothing to do with 15
50 comprises various parts known as floor stops the regular operation of the machine. One
F, P2, F3, F 4, F5, automatics N., rotating of them, PB 1, when reversed, short circuits
contactor W, rotating direction rings D1, the push button boxes, anti renders them in
stationary direction contacts and stationary operative. The other short circuits the door
shunt ring V. The contactor is a movable switch circuits, and renders them inoper 20.
device which is made to revolve by means of ative. These switches are very useful to the
a bicycle chain or the like, from the drum, attendant having the machine in charge, and
The movement of the contactor as limited to also to the mechanic who installs the ma
one-half revolution to a full trip of the car, chine.
reducing gear not shown being necessary for The line switch and fuses serve an obvi 25
60 this purpose. The floor stops are each in ous purpose, not necessary to mention.
sulated from the other, and arranged in a The above description has been confined
semi-circle around the contactor. As the to an electric machine, but when the inven
machine runs the contactor engages each tion is applied to a hydraulic machine it is
identical in every respect except that the
floor stop successively, until contact is made main switch solenoids referred to are used 30
with the one corresponding to the position
 6 987,446

as pilot valve solenoids. The adaptability corresponding with the push button which 65
of this device to a hydraulic machine can be has been pushed, when, of course, the cur
readily understood when considering the rent will be broken. This stops the commu
fact that the two solenoids referred to as tator and at the same time a connection is
main switch solenoids are governed and made through a line q, contact segment v,
made to operate by the controlling device. contact point ' on the contactor ', wire w”,
The duty of these two solenoids is to control land contact point ' to a stationary con 70
a motor. When an electric machine is used, | ducting plate f' which forms one of a series
() these solenoids control electric circuits, which if-f-f-f-f, each one representing one
operate an electric motor as has been stated. of the floors. This plate is connected with
On the other hand, when a hydraulic motor one of a series of stop circuits, as p", which,
is used, the same solenoids control a pilot in accordance with Fig. 1 is connected with
valve (P W Fig. 9) which governs a hy- the post M and is connected up in any de
draulic motor or valve. It is simply a case sired way with the line q, and an indicator
of the electric motor on one hand, and the (see Fig. S.) to stop the car, as for example,
hydraulic motor on the other. There are in a manner similar to that shown in the 80
numerous ways in which a pilot valve can be wiring diagram in Fig. 1. Of course, it
made to govern a motor valve, or main valve, will be understood that the direction in
but they are not shown here, as they form which the half-rings b and b turn is gov
no part of this invention. erned by the two electromagnets a? and a
In Fig. 9 the auxiliary switch contacts are with their cores at and a', and that wherever 85
shown reversed from their position in Fig. 1. the contact maker is stopped, the space be
This is because they are operated directly tween the half rings will always be oppo
5 by the up and down solenoids in this case, site one of the contact points s'-s-s-s-
but in Fig. 1, the solenoid on one side is in- s”. If that button is pushed no current will
dicated as controlling the contacts on the flow, but if one of the other buttons is 90
other as in my above mentioned application. pushed, the current will flow through one of
Certain features of the invention may the half rings and take the contact maker in
30 be carried out in accordance with the con- the proper direction; consequently, the start
struction shown in Fig. 10. In this case the circuits represented by W control the di
contact maker oscillates instead of recipro- rection in which the contact maker and 95
cating. The operation can perhaps best be car will start, while the stop circuits repre
described by tracing the currents in Fig. 10. sented by p' control the stopping of the car,
Here from the positive side of the line, the but not the stopping of the contact maker
current goes through the several door which is controlled by the contact maker
switches as in the other case, and then to the itself. It will be seen of course that with 100
push buttons. Now if any one of the push this form of invention some of the advan
buttons as for example No. 4, is pushed the tages of the construction shown in the other
40 current goes through a conductor W. to figures of the drawing and described above
one of a series of contacts s. There are as are not secured, but on the other hand, the
many of these contracts st-s-s-s-s as start and stop circuits are present in both 05
there are floors, and they are in position to forms, and consequently, they accomplish
conduct the current to either one of two os- the same results in a similar manner; that is,
cillating half rings b and b. The one with each device starts the machine in the correct
which they are in contact depends upon the direction and predetermines where the ma
position of the contact maker which is chine will stop; but the device shown in Fig. O
always, when at rest, in such position that 10, when shifting its position, keeps that po
the space between the two half rings is op-sition until the machine is again started.
posite the contact representing the floor at While in the forum shown in the other fig
which the car is stopped. Now if the cur- ures, the contact maker always returns to the
rent goes into the ring b through the con- normal position and is ready to start from 15
tacts' it will be conducted through a contact this position whenever any button is pushed.
at to a conductor w through an electromag- It will be clear that this single device does
55 net a and back to the negative side of the everything that a large number of magnets
line. The armature a' of the electromagnet and switches usually do. In other words,
operates to Swing a gear Segment a? and customarily a separate magnet is required 120
turn a pinion a' and the oscillating half for every automatic stop the machine is to
rings b and b, connected therewith. These make. For instance, a twenty floor building
60 half rings are mounted on a contactor . and would require, on other machines, 20 mag
are insulated from each other thereby. A nets and 20 switches, where on a machine
current will continue to flow through the constructed according to this invention the 25
magnet a' and will continue to Swing the single device with the two magnets is all
contact maker until the space between the that is necessary. This fact not only means
two half rings comes opposite the contact s' that the controller is simple and reliable, but
 987,446
also that the space required in some in
stances is not one-quarter of that required
by other machines.
I am aware that push button controllers
have been used heretofore for automatically
controlling elevators, but they have been
governed by the movement of the elevator
machine. Each push button has been in cir
cuit with a single magnet. By B. operating
O this magnet, the hoisting machine has been
set in operation through the controlling ap
paratus, and the hoisting machine has actu
ated the controlling apparatus, causing it to
operate in such a manner as to stop the hoist
15 ing machine. This invention differs radi
cally from such systems in that the contact
maker moves independently in response to
a push button or any equivalent devices for
making a circuit, which are intended to be
20 included whenever a push button is referred
to, and this movement takes place in full be
fore the machine starts. This movement
further determines the direction in which
the machine shall start, ahd the place at
25 which it shall stop. All of this takes place
before the hoisting machine starts, and is,
therefore, not actuated by the hoisting ma
chine or indicator. The only function per
formed by the hoisting machine is that of
closing a single circuit for causing it to stop
and incidentally reversing the direction cir
cuits while they are dead.
While I have illustrated the invention as
embodied in two different forms, I am aware
35 that it may be carried out with many other
changes, and that many modifications may
be made in the same without departing from
the scope of the invention as expressed in
the claims. Therefore, I do not wish to be
40 limited to the particular forms or details of
construction shown, but
What I do claim is:-
1. In an electromagnetic controlling sys
tent the connlbination with a device to be coln
45 trolled, of circuits having connections for
operating said device, push buttons in Said
circuits, a movable contact maker, means
controlled by said circuits for shifting the
position of the contact maker to a prede
50 termined point corresponding with the push
button pushed, and means controlled by said
contact maker for connecting up said cir
cits.
2. In an electromagnetic controlling sys
55 tem, the combination of push buttons, cir
cuits controlled thereby having connections
for automatically controlling the operation
of a machine to be controlled, a movable elec
tric contactor, means whereby the contactor
60. is caused to move when one of the buttons is
pushed, and means, whereby the contactor
is thereafter automatically arrested in a
predetermined position.
3. In an electromagnetic controlling sys
65 tem, the combination of a controlling appa
7
ratus, a hoisting machine to be controlled
thereby, push buttons, and an electromag
netic device controlled by said push but
tons to operate independently of Said con
trolling apparatus for causing the hoisting 70
machine to start in a predetermined direc
tion and stop at a predetermined point.
4. An electromagnetic controlling system.
for controlling a hoisting machine having a
controlling apparatus, means, operating in 75
dependently of the controlling apparatus,
for starting a hoisting machine in operation
in a predetermined direction and for pre
determining where the hoisting machine
shall stop, said means controlling the hoist 80
ing machine by its own independent move
Innent.
5. In an electromagnetic controlling Sys
tem, the combination with the device to be
controlled, of circuits having connections
for operating said device, a series of push
buttons, means directly connected with each
button whereby when one button is being
plished all others are ineffective, and means
whereby the pushing of one of the push but 90
tons establishes, controls and maintains said
circuits to automatically operate said device.
6. In an electromagnetic controlling sys
ten for elevators, dumb-waiters and the
like, the combination of a plurality of series 95
of push buttons, a series of starting circuits
each adapted to be closed by one push-but
ton of each of said series, means controlled
by each of said starting circuits for starting
the car in a predetermined direction when OO
one of said circuits is closed, a series of stop
circuits for stopping the car at the desired
floor, and means adapted to be started into
operation by said starting circuits for clos
ing one of said stop circuits. 05
7. In an electric controlling System, the
combination of a device to be controlled, a
series of circuits having connections fol'
starting said device, means for closing any
one of said circuits, a series of circuits hav 110
ing connections for stopping said device in
a predetermined position. and a movable
contact maker connected with the first
named circuits and adapted to be set into
motion thereby and constituting means for 5
closing a predetermined one of said circuits
having stopping connections.
8. In an electric system for controlling.
the operation of a machine, the combination 20
of a series of circuits having connections for
starting said machine, means for closing any
one of said circuits, a series of circuits hav
ing connections for stopping said machine,
both of said series of circuits having nor
mally open contacts and a contact maker
connected with the first manned circuits and
adapted to be set into motion thereby and
adapted to close the open contacts of cir
cuits of both of said series.
9. In an electric controlling system, the 30
 987,446
combination of a series of push button cir- | another break in the same stopping circuit
cuits each having a series of push buttons when the elevator car reaches the floor cor
and each having a pair of normally open responding to the push button which has
contacts in series, a series of normally open been operated.
circuits having connections for stopping the 13. In an electric controlling system, the 70
device to be controlled, a contact maker combination of a pair of series of contacts
adapted to close said contacts to complete insulated from each other, a series of push
the push button circuits, means whereby the buttons, conductors connected with the push
pushing of a push button starts the contact buttons and with the contacts of one of the
O maker into motion and brings it to rest in a series, an indicator connected with the con 5
certain position with respect to the push tacts of the other series, a contact maker
button circuit in which the push button that adapted to move over said contacts and
las been operated is located. and in position bridge them to connect one of the push but
to close one of the circuits having stopping ton conductors with the corresponding one
5 connections. . of the indicator connections, and means con SO
10. In an electric controlling system, the trolled by the push button for releasing the
combination with the device to be controlled contact maker and permitting it to move
of a push button circuit having a series of over the contacts.
push buttons and having a pair of contacts 14. In an electric controlling system, the
in series, a series of Iormally open circuits combination of a vertical pair of Series of 85
having connections for stopping the device. contacts insulated from each other, a series
a contact maker adapted to move into posi of push buttons, conductors connected with
tion to bridge said contacts to complete the the push buttons of one series, an indicator
push button circuit, means whereby the connected to move with the machine to be
pushing of a push button starts the contact controlled and connected with the contacts 90
maker into notion and brings it to rest in of the other series. a contact maker normally
a certain position with respect to the con located at the top of said series of contacts
tacts of the push button circuit, and in posi and adapted to drop by the force of gravity
tion to close one of the circuits having stop so as to pass over said contacts and bridge 95
30 ping connections at one point, and an indi them whereby one of the push button cir
cator connected with the device to be con cuits will be connected with the indicator
trolled and having means for closing a sec connections, and means controlled by the
ond break in the same stopping circuit when push buttons for releasing the contact, maker
the device moves toa a certain predetermined and permitting it to drop.
35 position. 15. In an electric controlling system, the
11. In an electric controlling system for combination of a pair of series of contacts
elevators, dumb-waiters and the like, the insulated from each other, a series of push
combination of a series of push button cir huttons, conductors connecting the push but
cuits each having a series of push buttons
40 therein and each having a pair of contacts
tons with the contacts of one of the series, 05
in series...a series of normally open circuits an indicator connected with the contacts of
the other series, a contact maker adapted to
having connections for stopping the elevator move over said contacts and bridge them to
or the like, a contact maker, means whereby connect one of the push button conductois
the pushing of a push button starts the con
45 tact maker into motion and brings it to rest
with the corresponding one of the indicator 10
in a certain position with respect to the push connections, means controlled by the push
button circuit with which that push button buttons for releasing the contact maker and
permitting it to move over the contacts, and
is located and in position to close the cor stop circuits having contacts normally open
responding circuit having stopping connec and located in position to be closed by said 115
50 tions whereby the car will be started in the
contact maker when it moves over the first
right, direction and stopped at a predeter named contacts.
mined floor. 16. In an electric controlling system, the
12. In an electric controlling system for combination of a pair of series of contacts
elevators, dunb-waiters and the like, the
55 combination of a series of push button cir
adapted to complete circuits when bridged
by a contactor, a third series of contacts, a 20
cuits, a series of push buttons therein, a pair contacting plate located opposite the third
of normally open contacts in series in each series of contacts, a contact maker adapted
of said circuits, a series of normally open to drop by gravity over the said contacting
circuits having connections for stopping the
60 elevator or the like, a contact maker adapted
plate to connect it with one of the third
to bridge said contacts to complete a push
series of contacts, electromagnetic means for 25
button circuit and simultaneously to close
normally holding said contact maker at the
one of the stopping circuits at one point, and top of the series of contacts and out of con
an indicator connected with the device to nection with them, and a series of push but
tons having connections whereby the push
65 be controlled and having means for closing ing of any one of the buttons will break 130
 987,446 9

the circuit through the electromagnet and 22. In a contact maker, the combination 65
allow the contact maker to drop. of a movable cross-head, a series of contacts
17. The combination with a series of open over which the cross-head is adapted to
contacts, of a contact maker adapted to move moye, an electromagnet, and an electromag
along said series to bridge any part of the netic clutch connected in series with said
electromagnet for stopping the eross-head 70
contacts and complete a circuit, an electro
magnet for normally holding the contac at an intermediate point of its traverse.
maker out of engagement with said contacts of23. In a contact maker, the combination
a movable cross-head, contacts which said
when the current is flowing, and means for
10 breaking the circuit supplying current to the cross-head is adapted to close, an electromag
electromagnet and at the same time making net, and an electromagnetic clutch for stop 75
a circuit to one of the pairs of contacts. ping the cross-head at an intermediate point
18. In an electric controlling system, the of its traverse, said clutch being connected in
series with said electromagnet.
combination of an electromagnet, a contact
5 maker adapted to drop by the force of gray 24. A contact maker for an electric con
ity and to be raised by said electromagnet, head, an system,
trolling comprising a movable cross 80
electromagnet for normally holding
two circuits for feeding said electromagnet, in inoperative
one normally open and the other normally itWith the
position, a stem connected
cross-head and having an air pas
closed, means for opening the closed circuit
20 of the magnet to de?nergize the magnet, said Sage therein, a chamber in said 'stem at the
contact maker also opening the normally chamber end of said passage and a ball valve in said
closed circuit as it drops, and means con seating by gravity at the end of the
trolled by the position of the contact maker 25. A contact maker for an electric con
passage. W -

for opening and closing a contact in series

25 with the normally open contact in the nor trolling system, comprising a vertically re
mally open circuit. cuprocable cross-head, an electromagnet for 90
normally holding it in inoperative position,
19. In an electric controlling system, the a stem connected
combination of an electromagnet and a con having an air passage with the cross-head and
tact maker controlled thereby, two circuits therein, means for re
30 for feeding said electromagnets, one having stricting said passage to cushion the cross
a normally open contact and a normally ing head when it drops, and means for prevent 95
closed contact and the other normally closed, 26.a sudden jar when the cross-head ascends.
An electric contact maker comprising
means for opening the closed circuit to de a cross-head adapted to drop by the force of
energize the magnet, and means controlled
35 by the contact maker for closing one of the gravity, means for raising the cross-head,
contacts in the other circuit. contacts adapted to be engaged by the cross 00
20. In an electric controlling system, the head in its descent, and magnetic means for
holding the cross-head at an intermediate
combination of an electromagnet and a con point.
tact maker controlled thereby, two circuits 27. In a contact maker, the combination
40 for feeding said electromagnet, one having
a normally open contact and a |
closed contact and the other normally closed,
of a reciprocable cross-head, a series of con 05
tacts over which the cross-head is adapted
means for opening the closed circuit to de move, an electromagnet, and an electro
to
energize the magnet, means controlled by magnetic clutch for stopping the cross-head
45 the contact maker for closing one of the at an intermediate point of its traverse.
contacts in the other circuit whereby the head, 28. The combination of a movable cross 110
normally open circuit will be in condition to a series of contacts which the cross
be closed to reénergize the magnet, and means head is adapted to close when moving over
them, means for holding the cross-head in
for closing the other contact of the normally inoperative
50 open circuit. position, means for releasing the
21. In an electric controlling system, the cross-head and allowing it to move along the 115
combination of an electromagnet, a contact contacts, and a clutch adapted to stop the
maker adapted to be operated thereby, a cross-head at a pfedetermined point in its
circuit connected with the magnet for ener ath. i. . ..

55 gizing it having a resistance therein, and a p 29. The combination of a cross-head, a 20

second parallel circuit for energizing the series of contacts which the cross-head is
adapted to close when dropping over them
magnet E. a plurality of contacts, one means
of said contacts being located near the mag position,formeans holding the cross-head in raised
met, and means movable with the contact and allowing it tofordrop releasing the cross-head
along the contacts, a
60 maker for holding open the last named con
tact when the magnet is energized by the clutch adapted to stop the cross-head at a 125
other circuit, whereby a weaker current is means predetermined point, and electromagnetic
used to keep the contact maker in a certain 30. The for operating said clutch.
position than to operate the contact maker. combination of a cross-head, a
 O 987,446
series of contacts which the cross-head is and permitting it to drop, said means com 65
adapted to close when dropping over them, prising an electromagnet for holding the
means for holding the cross-head in raised contact maker in inactive position, and elec
position, means for releasing the cross-head tric connections to the electromagnet.
and allowing it to drop along the contacts. 36. In an electric controlling system, the
a clutch adapted to stop the cross-head at a combination of a pair of series of contacts 70
recetermined point, electromagnetic means insulated from each other, a series of push
for operating said clutch, a series of push buttons, conductors connecting the push but
buttons, and connections whereby when any tons with the contacts of one series, means
0 of the push buttons are operated the electro connected with the contacts of the other
magnetic means will be set into operation as series for completing the push button cir
soon as the cross-head drops to the contact cuits, a contact maker adapted to move over
corresponding with the push button oper
ated. said contacts and bridge them, means con
5 31. In an electric controlling system, the trolled by the push buttons for releasing the
contact maker and permitting it to move,
combination of a reciprocable cross-head, an said means comprising an electromagnet for SO
electroma onet for moving it in one direction, holding
a magnetic clutch, and an arm connecting tion, andtheelectriccontact maker in inactive posi
connections to the electro
the magnetic clutch with the cross-head
20 whereby the energizing of the clutch will magnet having therein a series of circuit
stop the cross head during its motion. breakers operated by the push buttons.
37. In an electric controlling system, the
32. The combination with a cross-head combination 85
of a contact maker adapted to
adapted to move over a series of contacts, operate by gravity, an electromagnet for
of an electromagnet, a shaft passing through holding
the magnet, a metallic plate on the shaft of push itbuttonsup in inactive position, a series
for controlling the opera
adapted to move out and in therewith but tion of the contact
to turn independently thereof, and an arm breaker operated by maker, the push
and a circuit 90
buttons for
on the plate connected with said cross-head. breaking the circuit of the electromagnet.
33. The combination with a cross-head 38. In an electric controlling system, the
30 adapted to close a contact, of an electromag
net, a shaft passing therethrough, a casing an combination of a movable contact maker,
electromagnet for holding it in inactive
for the magnet, a metallic plate rotatable position,
on this shaft, but movable longitudinally With the acontact series of push buttons connected
maker, a circuit connected
therewith, whereby the excitation of the with the electromagnet, and a circuit breaker
magnet will pull the plate against the cas operated by the push buttons for breaking
ing and hold it against rotation, and an arm said circuit and setting the contact maker 00
on the plate connected with said cross-head. tee.
34. In an electric controlling system, the 39. In an electric controlling system, the
combination of a pair of series of contacts
40 arranged in vertical alinement and insulated combination of an electromagnet, a circuit
for feeding the same, a series of circuit
from each other, a series of push buttons, breakers
conductors connecting the push buttons with means wherebyin said circuit, a push button, and 105
the operation of the push
the contacts of one series, means connected button will open one of the circuit breakers
with the contacts of the other series for to deenergize the magnet.
45 completing the push button circuits, a con
tact maker adapted to drop over said contacts cuit40.breakers
The combination of a plurality of cir
connected in series with each
and bridge them, means controlled by the other, a plurality of series of push buttons, 1.0
push buttons for releasing the contact maker
and permitting it to drop, and means for and one
means whereby the operation of any
of the push buttons will operate one of
stopping the contact maker in a predeter the circuit
mined position controlled by the push but which they breakersare
to open the circuit in
located.
tons, said last named means comprising an 41. The combination with a circuit ll.5
electromagnetic clutch.
35. In an electric controlling system, the breaker, of a plurality of push buttons, and
5 5 combination of a pair of series of contacts means connected with each of the push but
located in vertical position and insulated the tons for opening the circuit breaker when
push buttons are operated.
from each other, a series of push buttons, 42. The combination with a push button l20
conductors connecting the push buttons with adapted to close a circuit, of a movable rod
the contacts of one series, means connected
60 with the contacts of the other series for com located in position to be moved when the
pleting the push button circuits, a contact andpush button is operated to close its circuit,
maker adapted to drop over said contacts by the a circuit breaker adapted to be opened 25
movement of said rod.
and bridge them, means controlled by the l 43. The
push buttons for releasing the contact maker brackets, acombination of a pair of pivoted
rod supported by said brackets.
 987,446 L

a circuit breaker comprising a stationary my hand, in the presence of two subscribing

terminal and a terminal mounted to move witnesses.
with saidleven
pivoted rod,adapted
and a push buttonsaid
to engage having
rod toa : EDWARD L. DUNN.
5 move it to open the contact of the circuit Witnesses:
breaker when the push button is pushed. ALBERT E. FAY,
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set C. FoRREST WESSON.
Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the “Commissioner of Patents,
Washington, D. C.’