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Petitioner’s Contention Petitioner argues that it has the legal personality to appeal the
decision of the Civil Service Commission before the Court of
Appeals.It cites Philippine National Bank v. Garciaas basis for
its argument that it can be considered a "person adversely
The employer has the right "to select honest and trustworthy
employees." When the government office disciplines an
employee based on causes and procedures allowed by law,
it exercises its discretion. This discretion is inherent in the
constitutional principle that "public officers and employees
must, at all times, be accountable to the people, serve them
with utmost responsibility, integrity, loyalty, and efficiency; act
with patriotism and justice, and lead modest lives."This is a
principle that can be invoked by the public as well as the
government office employing the public officer. To bar a
government office from appealing a decision that lowers the
penalty of the disciplined employee prevents it from ensuring
its mandate that the civil service employs only those with the
utmost sense of responsibility, integrity, loyalty, and efficiency.
TITLE OF THE CASE 9 JAIME TAN, JR., as Administrator of the Intestate Estate of Jaime C.
Tan, vs. CA (Ninth Special Div.) and JOSE A. MAGDANGAL and
ESTRELLA MAGDANGAL,
DOCTRINE EXCEPTION TO THE RETROACTIVE APPLICATION OF PROCEDURAL
LAW
PETITION This is a petition for review of the Decision of the Court of Appeals
dated July 15, 1998 and its Resolution dated November 9, 1998
denying petitioner's motion for reconsideration
FACTS
1. Involved in this case is a parcel of land, designated as Lot
No. 645-C, with an area of 34,829 square meters, more or
less, situated in Bunawan, Davao City. The lot was once
covered by TCT No. T-72067 of the Registry of Deeds of
Davao City in the name of the late Jaime C. Tan (Tan, for
short) married to Praxedes V. Tan.
3)xxx.
.
5. On Sept. 28, 1995, CA affirmed the decision of the RTC in
toto. Both parties received the decision of the appellate
court on Oct. 5, 1995. On March 13, 1996, the clerk of court
of the appellate court entered in the Book of Entries of
Judgement the decision xxx and issued the corresponding
Entry of Judgment which, on its face, stated that the said
decision has on Oct. 21, 1995 become final and executory.
PETITIONER’S Rule 51 Sections 10 and 11 should govern. The petitioner was able
CONTENTION to redeem the subject property within the 120-day period of
redemption reckoned from the appellate court's entry of
judgment. The appellate court, however, did not apply the old
rule but the 1997 Revised Rules of Civil Procedure. In fine, it
applied the new rule retroactively and we hold that given the
facts of the case at bar this is an error.
RESPONDENTS The 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure should be applied. They alleged
CONTENTION that the 120-day period of redemption of the petitioner has
expired. They reckoned that the said period began 15 days after
October 5, 1995, the date when the finality of the judgment of the
trial court as affirmed by the appellate court commenced to run.
RTC RULING The Regional Trial Court of Davao ruled in favour with the
Petitioner Tan finding that the Deed of Absolute Sale is, in
accordance with the true intention of the parties, hereby
declared and reformed an equitable mortgage;
CA RULING & The Court of Appeals decided in favour with the respondents
OTHER MOTIONS Magdangal and denied the Motion for Reconsideration of the
Petitioner herein.
ISSUE(S) Whether or Not the 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure should be given
a retroactive application in this case.
RULING No, it should not be given a retroactive application.
From 1991-1996, the years relevant to the case at bar, the rule
that governs finality of judgment is Rule 51 of the Revised Rules of
Court. Its sections 10 and 11 provide:
If the appeal has been duly perfected and finally resolved, the
execution may forthwith be applied for in the court of origin, on
motion of the judgment obligee, submitting therewith certified
true copies of the judgment or judgments or final order or orders
sought to be enforced and of the entry thereof, with notice to the
adverse party.
The appellate court may, on motion in the same case, when the
interest of justice so requires, direct the court of origin to issue the
writ of execution.
PETITIONER’S The petitioner filed a notice of appeal with the RTC, alleging
CONTENTION that pursuant to our ruling in Neypes v. Court of Appeals, she
had a “fresh period” of 15 days from the receipt of the denial of
her motion for new trial within which to file a notice of appeal.
RESPONDENTS The respondents averred that the petitioner cannot seek refuge
CONTENTION in Neypes to extend the "fresh period rule" to criminal cases
because Neypes involved a civil case, and the pronouncement
of "standardization of the appeal periods in the Rules" referred
to the interpretation of the appeal periods in civil cases, i.e.,
Rules 40, 41, 42 and 45, of the 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure
among others; nowhere in Neypes was the period to appeal in
criminal cases, Section 6 of Rule 122 of the Revised Rules of
Criminal Procedure, mentioned.
RTC RULING The RTC convicted the Petitioner for a crime of estafa. It
imposed on her a penalty of three (3) months of imprisonment
(arresto mayor), a fine of ₱3,800,000.00 with subsidiary
imprisonment, and the payment of an indemnity to the Spouses
Casaclang in the same amount as the fine
CA RULING & OTHER No events transpired herein.
MOTIONS
ISSUE(S) Whether or Not the “fresh period rule” enunciated in Neypes
Case applies to appeals in criminal cases.
RULING Yes, it is also applicable to criminal cases.
The raison d’être for the “fresh period rule” is to standardize the
appeal period provided in the Rules and do away with the
confusion as to when the 15-day appeal period should be
counted. Thus, the 15-day period to appeal is no longer
interrupted by the filing of a motion for new trial or motion for
reconsideration; litigants today need not concern themselves
with counting the balance of the 15-day period to appeal since
the 15-day period is now counted from receipt of the order
dismissing a motion for new trial or motion for reconsideration or
any final order or resolution.
Petitioner’s Contention The petitioner posits that the fresh period rule applies
because its Rule 64 petition is akin to a petition for review
brought under Rule 42 of the Rules of Court; hence,
conformably with the fresh period rule, the period to file
PARAD Ruling & other The PARAD held that under Section 12, Rule X of the 2003
motions DARAB Rules of Procedure, "[t]he filing of the Motion for
Reconsideration shall interrupt the period to perfect an
appeal. If the motion is denied, the aggrieved party shall
have the remaining period within which to perfect his
appeal. Said period shall not be less than five (5) days in any
event, reckoned from the receipt of the notice of denial."
Issue
WON The Neypes ruling applies to administrative cases
Ruling 1. Court held that the "fresh period rule" only covers judicial
proceedings under the 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure, to
wit:
Thank you for your services and good luck to your future
endeavors.”
Petitioner’s contention
Respondent’s contention Respondents essentially argue that petitioners violated
the principle of hierarchy of courts, pursuant to which
the instant petition should have been filed with the
RTC/Sandiganbayan Ruling The RTC issued its questioned December 13, 2010 Order
& other motions granting the motion for execution but denying petitioner’s
(please specify whether prayer for the return of M/V Pilar-I in the same state in which
such motions were granted it was taken by respondent. RTC ratiocinated:
or denied)
First, judgment has now become final and it is axiomatic
that after judgment has become executory, the court
cannot amend the same, except: x xx None of the three
circumstances where a final and executory judgment may
be amended is present in this case. And, the present
deplorable state of M/V Pilar certainly did not happen
overnight, thus, defendants should have brought it to the
attention of this Court, the Court of Appeals or the Supreme
Court after it became apparent. Their inaction until after the
judgment has become final, executory and immutable
rendered whatever right they may have to remedy the
situation to be nugatory
Petitioner moved for reconsideration but the motion was
denied by the RTC
CA Ruling & other motions No appeal was filed in the CA, rather a petition for Certiorari
(please specify whether was directly filed in the Supreme Court
such motions were granted
or denied) Hence this petition.
SC Ruling
WHEREFORE, the petition is PARTIALLYGRANTED. Respondent
is ordered to pay petitioner the value of M/V Pilar- I at the
time it was wrongfully seized by it. The case is hereby
REMANDED to the Regional Trial Court, Branch 64, Makati
City, for the proper determination of the value of the vessel
at said time.
RTC/Sandiganbayan
Ruling & other motions Not filed in lower court, hence this petition
(please specify whether
such motions were granted
or denied)
CA Ruling & other motions Not filed in lower court, hence this petition
(please specify whether
such motions were granted
or denied)
SC Ruling
WHEREFORE, the instant petition is GRANTED. The temporary
restraining order previously issued is hereby made
permanent. The act of the COMELEC in issuing the assailed
notice dated February 22, 2013 and letter dated February 27,
2013 is declared unconstitutional.
Thus, the more prudent course to take was for this Court to
declare that it does not have the authority to hear the
complaint it being an ordinary civil action. As to whether it
is personal or civil, this Court would rather leave the
resolution of the same to Branch 22 of this Court.
2. No. The only action that the RTC could take on the
matter was to dismiss the petition for lack of jurisdiction. The
said RTC did not have the requisite authority or power to
order the transfer of the case to another branch of the
RTC.A re-raffle which causes a transfer of the case involves
courts with the same subject matter jurisdiction; it cannot
involve courts which have different jurisdictions exclusive
of the other. More apt in this case, a re-raffle of a cause
cannot cure a jurisdictional defect.
Title of the Case 20 DAVAO LIGHT & POWER CO., INC., petitioner,
vs.
THE HON. COURT OF APPEALS, HON. RODOLFO M.
BELLAFLOR, Presiding Judge of Branch 11, RTC-Cebu and
FRANCISCO TESORERO, respondents.
Title of the Case 21 Nocum v. Lucio Tan, G.R. No. 145022, September 23, 2005
Petitioner’s Contention The petitioner argued that the complaint failed to state
a cause of action, venue was improperly laid, and the
defamatory statements alleged in the complaint were
general conclusions without factual premises.
Respondent’s Contention Tan amended the complaint and alleged that the
article was printed and first published in the City
of Makati.
RTC Ruling & other motions The RTC dismissed the original complaint on the ground
of improper venue.
Title of the Case 22 Padlan v. Dinglasan, G.R. No. 180321, March 20, 2013
Petitioner’s Contention Petitioner claimed that the court did not acquire
jurisdiction over her, because the summons was not
validly served upon her person since she was residing
in Japan, but only by means of substituted service
through her mother.
Also, petitioner posits that the court lacks jurisdiction of
the subject matter, considering that from the
complaint, it can be inferred that the value of the
property was only P4,000.00, which was the amount
alleged by respondents that the property was sold to
petitioner by Lorna.
Respondent’s Contention
RTC Ruling & other motions The RTC rendered a Decision finding petitioner to be a
buyer in good faith and, consequently, dismissed the
complaint.
Title of the Case 23 AUGUSTUS GONZALES AND SPOUSES NESTOR VICTOR AND MA.
LOURDES RODRIGUEZ, Petitioners, VS. QUIRICO PE, Respondent.
(G.R. No. 167398, August 09, 2011)
Doctrine Residual power/jurisdiction
Doctrine of residual power – powers which the trial court
retains even after perfection of the appeal.
Petition This is a petition for review on certiorari seeking to set aside the
Decision dated June 23, 2004 and Resolution dated February 23,
CA Ruling & other In the Order dated September 23, 2002, the trial court dismissed
motions (please respondent's appeal and directed the issuance of a writ of
specify whether execution to implement the RTC Decision which was then issued.
such motions were On October 7, 2002, respondent filed a Petition for Certiorari and
granted or denied) Prohibition with Application for Writ of Preliminary Injunction and
Prayer for Temporary Restraining Order, seeking to set aside the
RTC Order dated September 23, 2002.
The CA then granted such and rendered a Decision in favor of
the respondent as it set aside the assailed order and writ of
execution of the Regional Trial Court.
Aggrieved, petitioners filed a Motion for Reconsideration which
was denied by the CA.
Hence, petitioner filed this present petition.
Petitioner’s Petitioners claimed that since the respondent's appeal was not
Contention perfected, as a consequence, the RTC Decision dated June 28,
2002 became final and executor.
Petitioners alleged that since respondent failed to pay the
docket and other legal fees at the time he filed the Notice of
Appeal, his appeal was deemed not perfected in contemplation
of the law. Thus, petitioners pray that the CA decision be set
aside and a new one be rendered dismissing the respondent's
appeal and ordering the execution of the RTC Decision dated
June 28, 2002.
Respondent’s Respondent, citing Section 9, Rule 41 of the Rules of Court,
Contention maintains that his appeal has been perfected by the mere filing
of the notice of appeal. Respondent theorizes that with the
perfection of his appeal, the trial court is now divested of
jurisdiction to dismiss his appeal and, therefore, only the CA has
jurisdiction to determine and rule on the propriety of his
appeal. He raises the defense that his failure to pay the
required docket and other legal fees was because the RTC
Branch Clerk of Court did not make an assessment of the
appeal fees to be paid when he filed the notice of appeal.
Issue Whether or not the Court of Appeals patently erred in reversing
the decision of the lower court and allowing respondent to
belatedly pay the required appellate docket and other legal fees?
Ruling YES.
SEC. 4. Appellate court docket and other lawful fees. - Within the
period for taking an appeal, the appellant shall pay to the clerk of
the court which rendered the judgment or final order appealed
from, the full amount of the appellate court docket and other
lawful fees. Proof of payment of said fees shall be transmitted to
the appellate court together with the original record or the record
on appeal.
Moreover, Section 13, Rule 41 of the Rules states that the CA may
dismiss an appeal taken from the RTC on the ground of non-
payment of the docket and other lawful fees within the 15-day
reglementary period.
SC Decision WHEREFORE, the petition is GRANTED. The Decision dated June 23,
2004 and Resolution dated February 23, 2005 of the Court of
Appeals, in CA-G.R. SP No. 73171, are REVERSED and SET ASIDE. The
Writ of Preliminary Injunction, issued by the Court of Appeals on
August 20, 2003, is LIFTED.
The Decision dated June 28, 2002 of the Regional Trial Court, Branch
31, Iloilo City is REINSTATED and, in view of its finality, the case
is REMANDED for its prompt execution.
Title of the Case 24 ROSITO BAGUNU, Petitioner, vs. SPOUSES FRANCISCO AGGABAO
& ROSENDA ACERIT, Respondents.
Title of the Case 30 JOSE E. ARUEGO, JR., SIMEONA SAN JUAN ARUEGO, MA.
IMMACULADA T. ALANON, ROBERTO A. TORRES, CRISTINA A.
TORRES, JUSTO JOSE TORRES and AGUSTIN
TORRES, petitioners,
vs.
THE HON. COURT OF APPEALS, THIRTEENTH DIVISION and
ANTONIA ARUEGO, respondents.
Issue (1) 1. Whether or not the Court has lost its jurisdiction by the
passage of E.O. No. 209, also known as the Family Code of
the Philippines.