Judo Biomechanics on the Tatami

The Author during a technical practical lesson of Ne Waza judo Biomechanics fifteen years ago
in Italy

Annotated guide to eight different book’s lectures

I.1-I.1.10 =Essential in Biomechanics

I.1.11= Talent Identification
I.2-I.2.4-VII.4= Advances in Biomechanics
II-III-V-VI= Basic and modern Judo
IV.1-IV.1.2-IV.2 = Conditioning Classical Principles and New Trend
IV.3-IV.3.2 = Technical teaching (Children-Adult)
VII-VIII = Coaching (classical and advanced)
App. I+ App. II+ App. III= Advanced Non Linear Mathematical Lectures.

I,II,….VIII = Chapters
1,2,3…..10 = Paragraphs
App I, II, III = Appendix
 Table of Contents

Aknowledgments pag 7
Foreword
By Dr Matteo Pellicone
President of the Italian Judo Federation FIJLKAM pag 8
Foreword
By Mr Sergey Soloveychik
President of the European JudoUnion EJU pag 10
Foreword
By Mr Marius L. Vizer
President of the International Judo Federation IJF pag 11

Introduction to the English Edition 2009

“Very strong roots for a big tree”. pag 13

Introduction to the Italian Edition 1988

Zen, Physics and Judo. pag 15

Part One
Biomechanics for modern Sport pag 17
Chapter 1 Biomechanics
1.1 Classical Biomechanics pag 19
1.1.1 Biomechanical Athlete pag 20
1.1.2 Warm up and Biomechanics of Muscular System pag 22
1.1.3 Deformation of Biomechanical Athlete, Energy, and Fatigue pag 25
1.1.4 Biomechanics of Motor Actions pag 29
1.1.5 Human Body Equilibrium and Stability pag 30
1.1.6 Human Body Centre of Mass pag 31
1.1.7 On Site Body’s Rotation (Tai Sabaki) pag 33
1.1.8 Locomotion (Ayumi Ashi, Tsugi Ashi ) pag 34
1.1.9 Reflexes and Motor Control pag 36
1.1.10 Biomechanical Classification of Sports pag 37
1.1.11 How to find a good Judoka? With a multiregression equation! Pag 39
1.2 Advances in Biomechanics pag 41
1.2.1 Astonishing Information on Muscular Contraction pag 42
1.2.2 Fractals in Heart Rate pag 45
1.2.3 Fractals in Breathing Patterns pag 47
1.2.4 Multifractals in Human Gait pag 48
Part Two
Judo pag 51
Chapter 2 Three basic Judo Principles
2.1 Straight line unbalances (Happo No Kuzushi) pag 53
2.2 Abdominal Energy Exploitation (Hara gei) pag 58
2.3 Placement and basic grips (Shizen on Tai; Kihon Kumi Kata) pag 60

Chapter 3 Three advanced Judo Principles

3.1 Static and Dynamic Rotational Unbalances (Tai Sabaki) pag 63
3.2 Initiative as exploitation of kinetic energy and angular momentum pag 67
(Sen [ Renzoku and Renraku Waza]) pag 68
(Go no Sen [Bogyo Waza]) pag 73
(Sen no Sen [Kaeshi Waza]) pag 76
The Russian approach to Initiative pag 79
3.3 Relative Range, Grips, and Timing (Mai Ai, Kumi Kata, Kobo Ichi) pag 82
The Japanese way pag 86
The Russian way pag 88

Chapter 4 Biomechanical principles of Judo Training

4.1 Conditioning: Classical linear approximation pag 90
Some special advanced methods
4.1.1 Advances in linear conditioning: software help pag 98
4.1.2 Advances in linear conditioning: Special Biomechanical Instruments pag 100
4.2 Conditioning: New Trends non linear approximation pag 104
4.3 Technical training pag 108
4.3.1 Technical teaching methods historical Analysis (Go Kyo and Others)
4.3.1.1 Cognitive classifications pag 110
4.3.1.2 Cognitive motor lernings arrangments pag 124
4.3.1.2.1 Children area pag 125
4.3.1.2.2 Adult area pag 131
4.3.2 Technical teaching methods for elite athletes’ modern
Biomechanical approach pag 144

Chapter 5 Biomechanics of Throwing Techniques. (Tachi waza)

5.1 Biomechanics of Falls Control (Ukemi) pag 149
5.1.1 Non Orthodox Falling Techniques (Agonistic Ukemi) pag 152
5.1.2.1 Turnouts: In search of new way pag 153
5.2 Biomechanical classification of judo throwing Techniques pag 155
5.2.1 Biomechanical Analysis of some selected researches on Throws
a. Kinematic and Kinetic Parameters pag 171
b. Energy Cost pag 180
.
Chapter 6 Biomechanics of Groundwork Techniques. (Ne Waza) pag 182
6.1 Holds Physical principle and Classification (Osae Waza) pag 184
6.2 Choking Physical Principle and Classification (Shime Waza) pag 189
6.2.1 Physiological effects pag 191
6.3 Joint Locks Physical Principle and Classification (Kansetsu Waza) pag 194
6.3.1 Physiological effects pag 197

Chapter 7 Competition (Shiai)

7.1 Competition Classical Approach for Coaches and Athletes pag 198
Competition: classical evaluation for Coaches pag 199
a. Energy Consumption
b. Athletes motion pattern
c. Grips (for Interaction)
Competition: classical Athletes approach pag 205
a. Study of the starting phase
b. Connecting grips with throwing
c. Tricks and New techniques
d. Shortening attack time
e. Skill techniques evolution
f. Connection Tachi Waza-Ne Waza

7.2 Initiative as Psychological tool, Strategy and Tactics pag 213

7.3 Scientific Studies on Competition: a Survey pag 218

a. Competition statistical study
b. Male Athletes
c. Female vs. Male Athletes
d. Female Athletes
e. Studies on Dynamics of competition (Kalina Method)
f. Conclusion about competition scientific studies

7.4 Competition at light of Advanced Biomechanics

I) Basic Biomechanical parameters able to obtain the most effective performance pag 230
a.1 Shifting Velocity
a.2 Attack Speed against Reaction Capability
a.3 Bodies’ Relative Positioning Management
II) Biomechanics of competition: some classical remark pag 232
 III) Acting External forces on the Couple of Athlete System pag 232
IV) Couple of Athlete System internal forces, motion analysis pag 233
V) Interaction (Throws) Connection on Shifting Velocity pag 234
VI) Athletes’ Interaction pag 235

Chapter 8 Advanced Coaching -Match Analysis in Judo pag 242

8.1 First level in Match Analysis: Physiological data for training pag 247
8.2 Second level in Match Analysis: Technical biomechanical Improvement pag 251
Action Invariants and Competition Invariants.
8.3 Third level in Match Analysis: Local and Whole Fight Strategies pag 257
8.4 Main Use of Judo Match Analysis: Adversary’s scouting pag 265
8.5 JUDO:The Next Generation (virtual training) pag 272

Bibliography pag 274

Appendices pag 287

Judo beyond Legend
Man and Judo Scientific Complexities

Appendix I pag 291

A Physical Complex System
Biomechanical theory of judo competition

Appendix II pag 309

Non Linearity in Human Body
Movement and Man at the end of the random walk

Appendix III pag 339

How Athletes shift during fights
Competitions’ Judo Patterns in Computational Biomechanics and fighting strategy indication