ICSE CLASS 10

SAMPLE PAPER
SOLUTIONS

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 EXAM18 SOLUTIONS
SAMPLE PAPER - GEOGRAPHY

PART I

Answer 1
a) i) 956744

ii) 978766

b) i) River Sarod is a tributary which is joining the main river on the northern
bank of the sea

ii) River Banas is flowing towards the west from the east. It is in the middle
course,
because the river has widened due to deposition of silt and erosion. We
can also see a meander.

c) i) Trellised Drainage pattern

ii) Dendritic Drainage pattern

d) River is forming a Trellised pattern because the area is of hard and soft rocks

e) i) Two lettered number of 100 square km

ii) Hilly area

f) i) North direction

ii) North western direction

g) This place experiences comparatively less rainfall than other parts of the country.
The rainfall which is between 50 to 100 cm annually falls during the monsoon
season. High temperatures cause excessive evaporation. This gives rise to scrub
and semi-desert vegetation. The presence of scrub vegetation indicates low
rainfall levels.

h) 5.2 km
i) i) Cart track is a road provided for passing of carts whereas pack track is a
space provided for animals to pass.
ii) Dispersed settlement

j) i) Depression
ii) The relative depth is 9 meters

Answer 2
 Part II

Answer 3
a) Himalayas help in determining the Climate of India in the following ways:
i) The direction of the Himalayas protects India from the extreme cold
Siberian winds blowing from Central Asia.
ii) Temperatures are below freezing point in the northern part of the
Himalayas.
iii) The mountains deflect the rain bearing South West monsoon winds which
blow from the Arabian Sea. This has enabled India to have a monsoon type
of climate.

b) i) Sudden onset of rainfall in the first week of June due to South-west

monsoon winds bring in heavy rainfall accompanied by violent thunder and
lightning. It occurs in Kerala.

ii) 1) Low pressure systems originating in West Asia and the regions near
Mediterranean Sea.
2) These winds reach India during winter season causing rainfall over the
plains of north- western India and snowfall in the Himalayas.

c) i) It is a coastal region/ located near the Sea.

ii) Malabar coast is located on the windward side of the south west monsoon
winds blowing over Arabian Sea. The Coromandel Coast receives rain fall
during winter.
iii) It is located in the southern slopes of khasi hills (Meghalaya) which is
located on the windward side of the Bay of Bengal branch. This place is
enclosed by hills on three sides, thus concentrating their moisture.

d) i) 5.40c (30.2-24.8)

ii) 66.9cm

iii) Station ‘A’ has equable climate because it receives rainfall during June, July
and August which is from Southwest monsoon winds. Thus, it is located
near the sea leading to favourable climatic conditions.
Answer 4
a) i) India has agricultural based economy.

ii) For the development of agricultural production.

iii) Soil erosion may lead to drying of vegetation and extension of arid lands
leaving adverse effect on economic prosperity and cultural development of
the nation.

b) Distinguish between Bhangar and Khadar.

Bhangar Khadar
Older alluvium Newer alluvium

Composed of lime nodules/kanker Fertile soils

Has a clayey composition These soils are fine in texture

c) i) 1) Due to prolonged weathering of crystalline rocks.

2) Needs irrigation support for cultivation.
3) Contain large amounts of iron oxides.
4) Low in nutrients and humus and difficult to cultivate because of its low
water holding capacity.

ii) 1) High moisture retentive capacity.

2) Fertile and clayey in nature.
3) Contains high quantities of lime, phosphate, iron and magnesium and
calcium.

iii) [EXPLAINATION: Lateritic soils are mostly well graded, comprising both
cohesive
(Silt and clay). It contains sesquioxides and clay minerals which are very
useful in the natural binding process as well as in the presence of most
chemical binders. Lateritic soils have been described as highly weathered
tropical or sub-tropical residual soils with varying proportions of particle
sizes ranging from clay size to gravel, usually coated with sesquioxide rich
concretions. Moist, laterites can easily be cut with a spade into regular-
sized blocks. Laterite is mined while it is below the water table, so it is wet
and soft. Upon exposure to air it gradually hardens as the moisture
between the flat clay particles evaporates and the larger iron salts lock into
a rigid lattice structure and become resistant to atmospheric conditions.]
 1) High acidity and Low moisture retention.
2) Contains Iron Oxide

d) i) Clayey or loamy and Alluvial soil: very fertile and rich in minerals

ii) Red Soil

iii) Loamy Soil

Answer 5
a) i) Provides forest product for commercial purpose.
ii) Not so dense as the tropical evergreen forests so easy to exploit and
transportation of the forest products.

b) i) Helps in precipitation, regulates temperature and controls humidity.

ii) Trees check the speed of running water and does not lead to overflow of
its banks. Roots of trees also absorb water.

c) i) Teak flooring, Furniture, Marine teak decking.

ii) Ayurvedic herb used in the medicines.
iii) Oak wood is used in various types of construction.
Acorns produced are used in certain foods and beverages.

d) i) Mangrove forest/ Sundarbans/ Tidal forest.

ii) The Himalayan Temperate and Alpine forests.
iii) Tropical wet land of evergreen forests.

Answer 6
a) i) The rainfall is erratic and seasonal.
ii) Uneven distribution of rainfall.
iii) Different cropping patterns and seasons.

b)

Perennial canal Inundation canal

Constructed by building Drawn directly from the river
barrage across the river. without making any kind of barrage.

Water is stored to use in off Canal depends entirely upon flood

season. water and can dry up water supply
is uncertain
c) i) We need to conserve water.
1) To meet the demand of the growing population.
2) To fight decline in the water table levels/ underground water.
3) To fight decrease in the amount of rainfall due to urbanization and
deforestation.
4) To resolve unequal distribution of rainfall.

ii) Well irrigation is more prevalent in Northern India:

1) North India has many perennial rivers.
2) Many Multipurpose projects and canals have been constructed to
provide water for irrigation.

iii) The drip method of irrigation is the best among all modern methods of
irrigation:
1) Helps In providing water to plants according to plant water
requirements,
2) Create no pollution,
3) No runoff and very little evaporation of water,
4) Good water management,
5) Easy to install, design, and it can be very inexpensive,
6) Possible to implement on almost any terrain, soil, and crop type;
especially suitable for high-value row crops.

d) i) Two methods of groundwater recharge:

1) Roof top rainwater harvesting system. Water collected can be stored or
let in to the open pits and well.
2) Construction of artificial tanks, canals, ponds etc, to collect water for the
recharge of ground water.

ii) Advantages of rainwater harvesting:

1) Availability of water at all times/ in off season.
2) Recharge of ground water.
3) Self sufficiency
4) Water stored can be used for various purposes.
Answer 7
a)
Gondwana coal Tertiary coal
Free from moisture High moisture content.

Contains sulphur and Contains more sulphur.

Phosphorous in small quantities.

Confined to the river valleys. Associated with marine

sediments.

The tertiary coal deposits occur in Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, and Meghalaya.

b) i) For the easy transportation of raw materials and to cut down the cost of
transportation.
ii) Non – polluting, eco-friendly and a substitute for conventional sources of
energy which are limited.

c) Wind mills are placed with light and strong blades. It is then connected to
generator that produces energy to pump up water, grind mills and produces
power for lights and fans.
Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra.

d) i) Copper: Used in electrical industries for making brass, coins and utensils.
ii) Uranium: Used in the generation of nuclear power.
iii) Aluminium: Used in making utensils, aeroplane parts etc.

Answer 8
a) i) Zamindari system
ii) Low wages and bonded labour
iii) Fragmentation of agricultural lands
iv) Small or marginal land holdings

b) i) Deep black soil, alluvial soils and laterite soil

ii) Well drained soils, with the content of lime and phosphates

c) i) Broadcasting: The seeds are scattered all over the field after ploughing it: Rice

ii) Fine plucking: Pruning and skilful plucking of tea leaves: Tea
 iii) Arabica: Finest coffee, very delicate and susceptible to leaf and other
diseases: coffee

d) i) Rice requires stagnant water during the growing period.

1) To get higher yield.
2) Continuous land submergence for rice is, usually, practiced due to the
associated major advantages of increase in availability of nutrients and
less weed management problems.
3) Adequate land submergence (5 cm) is necessary to prevent damage to
establishing seedlings from high winds and for root development.

ii) Oilseeds are commercially important.

1) Provides raw materials for products like paints, soaps etc.
2) Oil cake is used for fodder
3) Provides employment.

iii) Yield of sugarcane is higher in the Deccan.

1) Favourable climatic conditions
2) Sufficient irrigation facility
3) Availability of suitable soils

Answer 9
a)
Public sector Industry Private Sector Industry
Owned and managed by either Owned and managed by an
the central or state individual or group of individuals
Government

Provide public utility industries Main objective is to earn profit

b) i) More land has been added to develop mulberry cultivation

ii) There are nurseries, silk farms and licensed seed distributers

c) i) 1) Provides employment.

2) Space technology, IT sector and entertainment industries are supported

by electronics industry.

ii) India’s silicon Triangle: Hyderabad, Bangalore and Madras.

d) i) Coal: Jharia and Bokaro coal filed

ii) Iron ore: Gorumahisani mines in Mayurbhanj district of Orissa and from the
Noamundi mines in Singhbhum district of Jharkhand

iii) Fresh water: Rivers Khaki and Subarnarekha

Answer 10
a) i) Exchange of culture and tradition
ii) Movement of goods and services
iii) Helps in the development of agriculture
iv) Integrates the three sectors of the economy: primary, secondary and
tertiary

b) Expressway: main framework of India’s road system, run through the length and
breadth of the country.
They have been constructed to reduce the distance between metropolitan cities
and cities and towns of national importance.

c) i) Important means of transport for large passenger traffic and heavy goods
freight.
ii) Useful for long distance travel
iii) Good for the transportation of bulky goods and raw materials

d) i) Advantage: fastest means of transport, important means of international

transport, plays a vital role during emergencies
ii) Disadvantage: costliest means of transport, the only physical obstacle for
air transport is bad weather.

e) i) Oldest port in India: Kolkata

ii) Port in the State of Andhra Pradesh: Vishakhapatnam

Answer 11
a) i) Leads to health hazards
ii) Causes pollution
iii) Affects terrestrial life adversely

b) i) Vermicomposting: it is the breaking down of organic material through the

use of worms, bacteria and fungi. In nature, organic matter is decomposed
through these organisms.
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 ii) Advantages: It improves the physical structure and biological properties of
the soil, the environment benefits by the reduction of waste in an area,
essentially reducing the ecological footprint of the community present.

c) i) Biomedical waste: is any kind of waste containing infectious materials.

Biomedical waste is a type of bio waste/clinical waste.

ii) Associated with the generation of biomedical waste of medical or

laboratory origin
(e.g. Packaging, unused bandages, infusion kits, etc.), research laboratory
waste containing biomolecules or organisms that are restricted from
environmental release.

iii) Disposal: done in different stages: Collecting & Segregating [the segregations
come in coloured waste containers, label coding and plastic bags.], storing
& transporting, treatment and disposal

d) i) Acid rain: It is the result of excessive acids in rainwater which are formed
when oxides like nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide react with water

ii) Bio magnification: The process by which a compound (such as a pollutant

or pesticide) increases its concentration in the tissues of organisms as it
travels up the food chain
OR
Increase in concentration of a pollutant from one link in a food chain to
another.
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