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    Viral Hepatitis can be caused by five main viruses - Hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Hepatitis A is transmitted via the fecal-oral route or contaminated food/water and causes a self-limiting disease. Hepatitis B is transmitted through blood or bodily fluids and can cause both acute and chronic infection leading to complications like cirrhosis and liver cancer. Hepatitis C is typically transmitted through blood and can develop into a chronic infection increasing risk for long-term liver damage. Hepatitis D only infects individuals already infected with Hepatitis B and coinfection can result in fulminant hepatitis. Hepatitis E is transmitted similarly to Hepatitis A and while severe in pregnant women, it

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    Viral Hepatitis can be caused by five main viruses - Hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Hepatitis A is transmitted via the fecal-oral route or contaminated food/water and causes a self-limiting disease. Hepatitis B is transmitted through blood or bodily fluids and can cause both acute and chronic infection leading to complications like cirrhosis and liver cancer. Hepatitis C is typically transmitted through blood and can develop into a chronic infection increasing risk for long-term liver damage. Hepatitis D only infects individuals already infected with Hepatitis B and coinfection can result in fulminant hepatitis. Hepatitis E is transmitted similarly to Hepatitis A and while severe in pregnant women, it

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    11 views2 pages

    Viral Hepatitis Table

    Uploaded by

    John
    Viral Hepatitis can be caused by five main viruses - Hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Hepatitis A is transmitted via the fecal-oral route or contaminated food/water and causes a self-limiting disease. Hepatitis B is transmitted through blood or bodily fluids and can cause both acute and chronic infection leading to complications like cirrhosis and liver cancer. Hepatitis C is typically transmitted through blood and can develop into a chronic infection increasing risk for long-term liver damage. Hepatitis D only infects individuals already infected with Hepatitis B and coinfection can result in fulminant hepatitis. Hepatitis E is transmitted similarly to Hepatitis A and while severe in pregnant women, it

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    of 2

    Viral Hepatitis

    Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Hepatitis D Hepatitis E


    Non-A, non-B
    Previous names Infectious hepatitis Serum hepatitis Delta Agent
    hepatitis
    Hepatitis A virus Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis C virus Hepatitis D virus Hepatitis E virus
    Cause
    (HAV) (HBV) (HCV) (HDV) (HEV)
    Fecal–oral route, poor Parenteral, Sexual and oral– Parenteral, Sexual and oral– Parenteral, Sexual and oral– Fecal–oral route, poor
    sanitation, Person-to-person oral contact, Perinatal oral contact, Perinatal oral contact, Perinatal sanitation, Person-to-person
    Mode of transmission contact, Waterborne, transmission transmission transmission contact, Waterborne,
    foodborne, Oral–anal sex *occupational hazard for foodborne, Oral–anal sex
    health care personnel.
    Incubation Period 2-6 weeks 4-24 weeks 2- 22 weeks 4-21 weeks 2-9 weeks
    7-10 days before illness Degraded by enzymes, if Not identified in feces Not applicable Probably present in feces
    Virus in Feces 2-3 weeks after symptoms present
    appear
    ∙ Anicteric and ∙ Arthralgias and rashes ∙ Same with HBV usually ∙ Simultaneous infection ∙ Similar to hepatitis A,
    symptomless ∙ Fever, respiratory mild with HBV and HDV can often milder course
    ∙ Symptoms Appear: Mild, symptoms(rare) lead to a mild-to-severe
    flulike symptoms with ∙ Loss of appetite, or even fulminant
    low-grade fever dyspepsia hepatitis
    ∙ Anorexia ∙ abdominal pain (RUQ)
    ∙ Jaundice and dark urine ∙ general aching, malaise,
    ∙ Indigestion mrked by and weakness
    vaague epigastric ∙ Jaundice
    Signs and Symptoms
    distress, nausea, ∙ light-colored stools and
    heartburn, flatulence dark urine.
    ∙ Aversion to cigarette ∙ Liver may be tender and
    smoke and strong odor enlarged; spleen is
    jaundice enlarged and palpable in
    ∙ ↑ AST/ALT a few patients.
    ∙ Children < 6 years often ∙ Posterior cervical lymph
    have no symptoms nodes may also be
    enlarged.
    Carrier state No Yes Yes Yes Unknown
    None specifically for Hepatitis
    Vaccine Available Available None D. Hepatitis B vaccine should None
    be given
    Safe sex; screening of blood
    products; use of sterile Use of sterile instruments
    Food and water hygiene
    Prevention instruments and needles and needles, safe sex Prevention of HBV infection Food and water hygiene
    Immunization
    HBV vaccination, post-
    exposure prophylaxis
    Fulminant hepatitis, Chronic Fulminant hepatitis Fulminant hepatitis
    No chronic hepatitis is Chronic disease (possibly
    Complication disease (possibly Hirrhosis, High risk of severe chronic High mortality rate in
    associated cirrhosis, HCC)
    Hepatocellular Carcinoma) liver disease pregnant women

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