Pyelonephritis is a kidney infection, usually from bacteria that spread from the bladder.

Possible causes of infection include the following:

 Use of a catheter to drain urine from the bladder

 Use of a cystoscope to examine the bladder and urethra
 Surgery on the urinary tract
 Conditions such as prostate enlargement and kidney stones that prevent the efficient flow of
urine from the bladder.

Symptoms and signs include back, side, and groin pain; urgent, frequent urination; pain or burning
during urination; fever; nausea and vomiting; and pus and blood in the urine.

Diagnosis is made with a urine test to identify bacteria and formations of white blood cells, called casts,
shaped like tubes in the kidneys. If an infection cannot be easily cured, x-rays might be done to look for
abnormalities in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. A kidney infection is treated with an appropriate
antibiotic, and abnormalities may need to be surgically treated.

An untreated or recurrent kidney infection can lead to chronic pyelonephritis, scarring of the kidneys,
and permanent kidney damage.

Nursing Intervention:

1. Assess the patient's temperature every 4 hours and report if the temperature is
above 38.50 C
Rational:
Vital signs indicate a change in the body
2. Record the characteristics of urine
Rational:
To find out / identify indications of progress or deviations from expected results.
3. Instruct the patient to drink 2-3 liters if no contraindications
Rational:
To prevent urine stasis
4. Monitor re-examination of the urine culture and sensitivity to determine response
to therapy.
Rational:
Knowing how far the effect of treatment on patient circumstances.
5. Instruct the patient to empty the bladder completely each time the bladder.
Rational:
To prevent bladder distension
6. Give perineal care, maintain to keep them clean and dry.
Rational:
To maintain cleanliness and avoid bacterial infection of the urethra making.

Pain related to infections of the kidney.

Nursing Intervention:

1. Assess the intensity, location, and factors that aggravate or relieve pain.
Rational:
Extreme pain indicates an infection.
2. Provide adequate rest periods and activity levels that can be tolerant.
Rational:
Clients can rest in peace and to relax the muscles.
3. Encourage drinking plenty of 2-3 liters if no contraindications
Rational:
To assist clients in micturition.
4. Give appropriate analgesic drugs with therapy programs.
Rational:
Analgesic block the path of pain.

Reference:

Parker, J & P. (2002). The Official Patient’s Sourcebook on Pyelonephritis. Health Care: Tiffany
LaRochelle. United States of America.
Nursing Intervention. (2016) Retrieved from https://nursinginterventions-
diagnosis.blogspot.com/2011/06/nursing-intervention-for-pyelonephritis.html