Electromagnetic Theory | Final Examination 18 December 2009, 12:30-2:30 pm. Instructions: Answer the following 10 questions, each of which is worth 10 points. Explain your reasoning in each case, Use SI units throughout, Points will be deducted for gaps in logic as well as for errors in calculation, Extra points will be deducted if an incorrect answer is presented with incorrect units! A sheet of useful formnlas is provided at the end of the exam booklet, 1. (10 points) Starting with Maxwell’s equations in vacuum (ie, €= the electric and maguetic fields satisfy wave equations of the form mw, le (-3 eae Be sure to derive the wave speed v in terms of the parameters €, 10, and to also derive the source term on the right side for both electric and magnetic fields. Ht = Wo), prove that2. (10 points) The electric dipole moment induced by a weak electrie field always aligns with the field. In contrast, the magnetic dipole moment induced by a weak magnetic field ean, depending on the substance, be aligned with the ficld (paramagnetic) or opposite to the field (diamagnetic). Explain this qualitative difference in electric and magnetic response in terms of the different: ways in which the electric and magnetic fields contribute to the dynamies of a charged particle. (Hint: Consider the different field dependence of the electric dipole moment d, and magnetic dipole moment. d, of a particle: _, — Bax de = gr, dm = 578 x (p— aA) where B = V x A, r is the particle's position coordinate aud p is its canonical momentum.)(Questions 34,5) The half-space = <0 is filled with a material with magnetic susceptibility 11 =0, while the half-space 2 > 0 has the vacuum susceptibility ;r = po. A long straight: wire carrying current J is suspended a distance h above and parallel to the xy-plane 2 = 0. For definiteness let the wire lie in the 2-plane with current flowing in the positive ¢ direction. 3. (10 points) State the bormdary conditions at the interface satisfied by the magnetic field produced by this system. Note that B = 1# — 0 in the bulk of the material. 4. (10 points) Derive the location, magnitnde, and direction of the image current that wonld produce the same magnetic ficld in the » > 0 region as the material 3(10 points) Find the magnitude and direction of the force per unit length that the material exerts on the wire carrying the current. Is it attracted to or repelled away from the material? (Questions 6,7,8) A plane clectromagnetic wave of angular frequency w is normally incident (ic. the angle of incidence is 0) from empty space on the plane interface of a mater 1 = fy and index of refraction n = V/est/eohlo > 1. For definiteness take the material to fill the half-space = > 0. 6. (10 points) With the notation 2, E,,; for the incident, reflected and transmitted amplitudes, write down suitable forms for the space-time dependence of the cleetvie field in the two regions = <0 and 2 > 0, relating the wave number of each component to w,1,7. (10 points) In each of the two regions, determine the magnetic field corresponding to the clectric field, as parameterized in question 5. Also write down the relations following from matching the electric and magnetic fields at the interface z= 8 (10 points) Solve the matching relations and calculate the ratio of the time averaged cuergy flux of the transmitted wave to that of the incident wave(Questions 9,10) A neutral point clectric quadrupole, with quadrupole moment QY = Q” = —Q*/2 = Q and QY =0 for i # j, is placed at the conter of a spherical conducting shell with inner radius @ and outer radius & > a. 9. (10 points) Derive the clectrie potential everywhere in space, expressed in spherical coordinates centered on the quadrupole. 10. (10 points) Derive the surface charge deusities on the inner and outer boundaries of the shell, as a function of the angles 0, ¢.Formulae Maxwell’s Equations (SI units) VD = pyre V-B=0 aB aD Vx B= ~SP VK HA Spot Gp D = @E+P n-2 Mw Multipole Moments ow / Prvight) Qe [ br(srhe" — dunt V0) Laplacian in Cylindrical Coordinates: Laplacian in Spherical Coordinates 1040 1a a 1 ota ,d, 1 Ad Le = Boe” ort and o0 ae + aoe Legendre polynomials and Spherical Harmonics Rodrigues : P(x) = sirae— 0! Orthogonality [ dea) Pe(2) = yu am pm — ye Ee (ety! Ynl0.9) = C=) pn cog py cine fim (Os) = Vm 7” (cos8)e Energy and Momentum Densities (Linear materials: D = «B, B =H) u= SE D+H B), g=DxB Energy Flux and Stress Tensor (Linear materials: D = jb as Kes eo Xn) +HlbeVeo. Xia +a Xw)] Hy = 5p TI VTRIED [nlbrleo, X10. Xn) = EV x GUNG Xr +0. Xu)| im