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Bb $6. ek bom. {ertrernealy ate 28 oxtanad wee 2 Sl mist x. ext hex _ a= OR xh Tram he Eaaeae aX lol 1928 LkPa-L —fdlvi veh 2 Ret = po Pde Rava veP 1 Peo ak Pie 5 __fay RAT <- pe _& ___fsotmermal Coen Nouidy YS og D4RR ¢ _—— ree wee Romp (are _ Le Cok c ; te Gm press mole Cegtet'ol ty a a eine Fae. Pn eae 4. Se eeeo & i : \ = pessaricn. 6. Ua cl th gc tted | Pit tpt parle Tr | | Sea peey Ve Sri a it aE I. { 2 eve 4P Bude Reversible PER 20. anes eatien Bide Tey CUE CTO ee a ea GFSIRUK [oT XK fol B26 kh. = SH301.eg X10) BEX oF PO4 | i ee Ll [fea i \ ii i el al el a bf aL A a. l oe 6 r - 7a ~ bay ‘ | om 2 WSK EBV KG x (O- 1.9999 € eo er a Ll “Coe Ganka aah copipeseek g co s KAM: : . OF BI M6 X OS el 8 Bs Length Heder ee _ The moley mamta 62. 5 oe Aemitdy = 019% gmt) ou » .Ie @ Earls. eo pe xed ae =a aS 2: i — coe a ate = = Yee 6 a Oe xB Woe ye ao $9 2ka2 158" X lo atm m® male os =0-€33x 198 eS X_N ms 101.225" $8.04 X10 © eae\oz acm “ef Om ead par Se ado makoabty— < LecevewAl bly — from. [a ie Teg Tog aa cnn t &- ie tere GG = a(n} tt . Re ak “tage 5 BY 5 te fe ae GT =~ [Men Rten At i a fale a - ee _ OGRE 1ST. & il al Vander wad: i | Reversi Jota “Golneal cap ~ lef wi Concycle yej id i 4 laa | ae TI eT pa ESTES — = O- 2 Sota pore o a ete - a “ Rm DiundDQe @ Sealey Casnge (ch. ee es ee ee DM = Ls yya (Ot eM) Dts = DU+ Ruy, RENg a. REM | ar Bb ks rere arf Ve ye \ eal —b —- A Yawk vob). “bi ale a(kel)s * ee ‘B)> = a3 ae —4 —_My ad Lael aa o ac me) a tS, — , +18 (VerAb wae ape (0 sb 9G TETLh Internal. pace nord: _ Ve (V.T) eee “AUs f_edv + Gyan “Te He _ fw | ECE Rovers _ 20 Can bet inispatea. og a See moh aeat Lh + apt TY \. Var & vi-b |3 “OS v2 Shale ful > wail ba Some fr. od Rew. [Sohnermal 4 Laren: |Sotnermale 4 fe = Hye at ye nar [ners wa \ fy ya|ny LL AMA Lf af ial _ 3 1. a = _ ane 4. Lo mole of Cs. zee ey Galileo Rey: exp) farm. Lalm3___fo_loalen Slats [a8 Sk EE _ Po Col tuhade Fy at dU, A 4 < aAe G SL Bate ok a AOE SBMS T [mole : — Poiation 25 ytWoe ig = tar ss toy FE | ey ab__bvy>b go urb & Vy ~esre a = BT, Mi. : ie vi af ~1 v2 iVavlo)_ in cae Of exp 3 Y>Y i a) a.) Toye zee} Sersa neler {82 rr artry | i | | Fr a Ww RRP EEE Paid |~ mA mc — Garmot- _Enaroe __ oo : | oo — = 6h | Ue tb fekeed enane 2... Mook efacent uk not loos, a Ba The... ef oven engine does Dot. dopend OMAR eee Te cin -Fuogdanes) )_involver A Stes bm L ly» .eodnemmal expMe— 12. pdiabah'e exp) — 7 yBotherm. eM p>eHhbn : ys fidvaban'c u | “eta oy Stacy Tinga : Wy ling —Flsarn Gad qpoondls = ~ (ek UL Cam Ricken from:Ga ane eee} ——4—hee aa wes Noy, WS re ges { expands adic ahaally Temp fal dean, | led UL tonsider. . eon) © pee : a —— — Py ‘aTe iaaaagatnn PO | im l yl i | . Sere le. “Cansibler from Cad : vate PROM pureN. np Iga eee = | ee Burdtance Cylinder A - Sheol, Rawke oe pansy a i a; Peston § Compre. _ aol e eS Hd cB Bp ide iF ff. Pf Lash a Dallsh Snel eat ower dent “Heat SER “rea ane agp VTE leyea == els 20 are stone ert 7 \ yarenep, j |is To ™% “nl —_healio. erabted, ipa Teco Tat poun= Aha 4e Femip ‘ y Laibinpy Mea! | oi tp ties, Se eat me Col S2 te ( Mee 5S >. Cond! 9 Bea tal bast: ~ (> ‘Arora d hoevle dene: ae Bread Heat Leake. OQ) ee Oy OfCe Be Be ‘old Head ben = € ae ABEL = AGOKRE [ol Host dake, =, ea. ae Show het offing Bf Sigs yp SE esceamer e <== og =p Comet engine! a are. Spied Engine > Newt pose, ' a ke lew chichend Gogine 9 Tievesilne babs error Speier Cyne —F Reveriefay, Jz tey, (fee ae “Di bowe 2 f— Se oars “Oy; |iyev Ge lever Pal Ya) ALS Coe ” (On). > (Giinev- Sm (2) } sev, SS Gavan 62} anon 2k Borer Ge Chey ; = Rohyre Rev. Crgiine AR’ 2 ye Le Reve Sagi i (la). @dser 7 (clave: (y) (sg) Calne. < @ bree fy led i fo rey an 1 iow TE iy eal “A Tray HO F84 NG eo 3 = et uu —— ee Sotpuk hetgapate— Zi mn - Sere Boe CF Be oetpwh’ = Me o g | Gar WY y Go =f ! 5 Oye Tee rooS ‘Fanfecd TT Soro les emp Soo igh Seep reo @ Aebpganter. + “Th her & . ve £ @ fe. Ashrigrador Ab Arproeit ty Tein dt lice Se Patan (py. ( a a Celtel OLN iO OOO dia doe denaolenlssQe # head erga abseves “Hs kr @ heat free. Be seeoce at Geo KO Agee... o, 5% Gr SCP KE Clit SPU. Ug dhe dik et Pda kee -ktsal,_de=- —Haeae deprecenta | Gi). Drrey: Carmok .. Qa. Revs Cerdasd. Engh Came. 4 Y= die | er lea » Qe see xr] Rev. Cored Srgiine \bs adj arr Heat oe : (2. Trev.» Carre be > vie fis up GT Oe eit bee fom dhe ase aed |Qs, es Carnet sOngine, 2 ~e a T&T saa es Pa ri, Aedes the Peep ~ dk yg | ore. ae bean "oto eu ait vo 2 Gola the| pect Coin, Sy ree eye Totty Syne persis Uae ero KK 32m k- Gluble + Se Ae Pegi deed & Myhew Tne fo. de Metefeydent & fess he epee feo Bicep. die” : pati “a Se eamafor DALeT area | | rom Rie eo ee2 rite “pt lel fut ky = [uamerBS pr ye \e BQ * ie ie Th > | | T-Tee aby 2 214-304. pM . | al Th Os a O Oy, = eon 245. (gg Thee Oy -Qe i Be = Qy We ug ate \ Qo BUR gees= pie i LNL00-4 0.20 i030 NEeee 2 T= Coit releo = aq> Bre aS = Ove Sta No» - ; T. tee Proven >~ Davee dh Heady 4 s Ye aval A TE 7 epee H TT Frenaledbnal |b, Rebecdainaed bh \Vilexadional Tena eng the arian 4 ' ‘Bhat. 28 Conele ath ae freed : Say Ap.antion se ag © oseyy. Gondor del by A RT per tn ee Ss pee ae | Vileradienal “(Bon Listen) = 8N-6 , Uncer{ Fe PRE = SN . ee -~34p-4 vib, Sei SAS NT cath eee @ ftedinnn . oad ad PS Lat Wf peeeok an ondadiabuthieNon lnrere / Sta tub = en Vib = 3N-6 Menoadorfe. x» Ne, Ar, Nel on. Kates. “Total alee Ah a Box} a ; Rea (ie Teunabedine | Refadrans... Vikeadion.. = 2. aE aE U wu aes ue we ee Gee I bA Neg My 0, bay Rs Pr ane = % : Reteboned ae a ty tf ¥ LP 3 —— 2 Uelss ATR ese ee eR ee Biase es ae . ber er 1 4 i LR UEA a A al eB a ia A At. ar(Wor SPN Tat Us Sar + gar afer Se ve "aku _ oe i | oe - rr 2 e wi By Cag ale 1g = (: high Temp =. lato'ts RT. aS ee poeta LRT ® I | a By > linea N=. te |e Ss = skaar F een Gnbat O Nem breay’ Isc. : “9 , OC, > an, AT + oper ties RT ® Viens? tees) is =. ISR Her kyeT iy = OIRT pel Acer eee 7 _Heal Greil moe 3n lpviel hm Pated | SOp-3 Non heer al oe Nn QLERT CPE USK ——- a greplieg er ~Pesigde — — pom Qa Ne MMS G8 B be. jell pte 1B, 1S, 16,17, 0 Pi fae iid wee dee tN SAD 12D EDO MED 68D _e By Conbeibudion AViby.=. 012° RT ‘ GN? Conbiledionck Vib? TE Rad ya_plolers O'S <> Iop'e. a FB KA? . BEBKe _ eae ThShere, Weak “63 tA a ok Thonen a aefeathies. = Si veut tonSte Temp To Habe fer i heat ve ieee . io. + eds U3 Bake Bin Be idnad qui = a er t — te Bie ie ee .~ a « = i ao a eXpandd. Revers AMT te “6 pe Mabey - “pro we Ty Ava Te 5 ica Spe tbe ina to oy Pat wth ET Jeb vd Consider On “he einhe bey —Ovange in Hk. “fom ob Plt. :pans aed ave (c (Gast aR) dT oe tn er aeecjar eal | Sam T Ane syd vt —— $= 840, \ aie aS = mcmama a is “i are ee(38) ae +28), av ory ; : TBP os aE aw whycear Chong e@ ; ay exhoby hee moles a GAw Mn ok” Couttt. Volume 1 ha a ~ aa 7 -— A a aug. tee oo S004. Gt The “Cnonge tn. catooby. eee a Lam totaal gat té cemifrertecd to |i of rw Inet bee. Volume 4. sioultencouly, Veattalrodutice uid thihet dene Vue a : $$ $$ $$ ‘aa 22) al 1 abtmdect 0. ‘ ; * Pband “prem QO freke ft ak loabw ¢ Be |¢ jooabn £ Ok.T Sl pals Coren pare sed) sho uaa. BAU .. seam -Gribicad temp Vajovid Canlt bao Lqupthiea Ro aloo. .Cxithica) temp — Vapors GL FeV IT I of bey | | i wsentyally, lie’ ble. § F— a. U. Pose. Tne are .208 ost Aad. tot bipysl - _. Greweraly be yers pate ak Te Tm or_—Te.. .| | 204 Conversion op eli = _ “The Onbojy Cuange...OSaGiabed wuld ~-Tfreening YY mele _#f Wak abot ¢ late. 4 Raa Fabien yen SLs GunaZe = 22 x 2 aa 46 3] Komele | + 225K mote : Atgyrt3bolid 2 ~Mf Seeoe eae ine | | Pal a a dt x a ee ee be pinta ~ Reuter _ ee oes = sence Le eee tobi | WSS taal. sil. 2G tT Rey Ve — ee 2 yale mS — 5c ae _[ peers Phase Sore 7 Temp. Charge, : Prate Come 5 — Temp CuargeVir head ea sf flat of | IF Wy | | | s | i lt _ = }-— —-RESK.‘ ey | ug ; , : 4 & i — = t - 3 e | __&. Cotertare Ane AS fora altro Preceit _ —jomie_lya.- (esa) = ere Heo “Cea, (S238) b Lat. © tole) —> tyole) 2 ad ee re Hyole) 2 you) i 34 Ge BIS Sig _—5 Fpl % srnairiey S23 SS SO there [a #5312 5), LE Ben vp = eee Smo Coy = 3 aed pe water= edi = C, (mane) Te Guntime ee ee t _ He #f- Bohid ...byaene...ab 2h _freeuiy Pha Se6%c E Gre.neabed to. bom’.Vapouh = D's Ar. Cowtth a wep fee hig Bea po euarene Ae “Biv laden “heakef wapoubabins 90-8 kF) male. TRET KA BOBK 5G BST tSH Tt —_ = Ose e Ree But moleeh _ gaa - =a _ aac =o a elk. abo ans My o( Ch aBarns Oho el tiers ask). a 23) @. My (fy Late 293K) ¥,0(V, Tab a 393K) @_Mhely, terre) yely aby, 3 b) “peli Lahm, een = alae Bah — — — ‘DAB. "Gg MBB 2 208 X hog B13 2:20 x 3 ae 2meee” pee The — s > ASct bh AtSeve a ei foe = EY TK 20g = 1: tue “TT ae = eesceiaenetes a ASS biteOm am $05. AS, 9 will ke make bSe% fe. | Oe wera _ ys ~Derayer T? too 3 FW Rke | npo gp a fang Teale, apg ne d 7 “og wt tat date ber % PM Tong eeuel Temp “cai Fear oe} : “yA € jbouche 34 2 pg. 9@ Team,pod 23 _ non] 2a _ O99 — Coleukite. Na £D8 ate Teak. a | ld all ll “Fee a Assume duck gt 293k —--..- AM 6606 Thee. _ - | | | | | | i | fad > 9g6 (8 i262 |e SeeasYon A Gee do Ee geal \ : hea n3formabiera _l male ge (Gana toe {Sans ma, are 6 a _ 32a, Gye B12 T The emole_ Dev Wwe Slee Isle i hoi] | pl PO Hyole) > ele ee _ _ _ a Z } —_ @ygo (ety fv) - 39% a _ OQ Ngo \4 _ yey | be = Yor sears [0 F-06 7 i : 32 _ _ { AS Se. ur _X2- $09, x tz 2+ ar xe eee oe + Lost Seta EE EOE TEE ETE SETAE eset SeeSESTE EESTI nae a \ PT ’ To patted Ltda—BS=AAD KISS = RQ) dt aus dig fav —— ——___—-j \ i ——— ee 2 | | dna ty,- _ iat alc Ba ae at | 1 | | | | ia | P| seskes Ogun ear OO eee on a | U = Yocgy- (i 3) c | = UleX alot: t22 é = BABE: a mea | ae a | yt) : yt L| =>. when 2 Gobide aun matted (Gk tenstt p = = 4 7 Caml == — age mabeval, Afb Lid anh = Fromm Fed “Temp. nee " : | iL i i [ Pel a al in naa a ioo 4 S29, : copper ots errs VA placad_ - -1N_Confach..usita 604 _ - CY age 363) Ooleusate. AQ iy -Prro.cars ye Hrermads |” SPR OGY XE 903 (FIT Tog BAS) 2622 - ASwy. = 382 T foe- ee ee eee oo, So feo abso Jako Weak to mele bo. pede [pO nates seleteg tat from 4 _ not tab > staatIo Crye 3 Dice a) ote. 4A J t E = da Fs OO. ____ Ice be wn 7 Ne Aue Clee) Joo 230 Sa tee at gk added 40 309 neal ah 22D Xen ee @ Conteiney>— = — _ @Q— baht ba final Than _ ho py Jee... Wake pss Me os MH 0. PEK IDK. SS are re H ‘= site IEG 88 303 Toe QVee = ae ee 5 asa TES ee FS OMEon No Cenmica Re | ©. ee Sit Ay males 44. No ° =e — ToS == he tpg tae = mole feaobiom = oo — — - ‘eh eee a , oe : a re 7) Po cn WN | ~ ' oa 80208 [ne hag- es Matos %)-8 | i | i Leaf al | | | | | | | Ce 37 i e rT | i | | \ i 4 l DA nsec Bve\ i. 1 Pop ban pot, | ri Prd | a LLont 4 mining f ja.moley. of He ? awe Og... ak. cast Py Fy ae But fob iohaat— ple__ ore mole LE si amon “ bsg FAP Gale: To —_ -_ = 2 7 a Ne Aminler 1 Ng _ ei amole of Pas 2 _ moles” 2. N = -2 203.X. a3. n, 20 ym +, rent + ny_. -fomslese— oa ex “ab Ge apa ett usar. abenc Kc | . ; dSalm ca Tk ee SO.240 Z| Je~eu pty_.« ane of-—15 — ah mtd ome a 2 BEG Ng 20d Dorey — bets She, nena Z 52k oP fog eM 2 12 3M, ona). _) . i a TBE 14 (0: [02) + 0. 2b 0. Fa 2 doayxt nro pk - = 0139 “ahs zeA Ae Rear 9 So— abe a. _mikng he “Aijined 4 2 : Has vith oes) clas, enh pe 4 : = mintvae.4 ee Ramenabton ef eubropied oe thai = — fast atc ate telyres oo _= ae = 5. (ns Splut = WR bn, Te AE no 4 a Eft yb = np Aue ne go) 2 Ea pe ng Rea bP) se). — Sey tpt Rn ht -). h LL = = | = am Cont = Sgantag= Hapa oe “a pe ut Ea fiat eft oo —| _ | Zena. Pe ont, stg gatel 13. era mle. | ether Lag Ya Dinany ay _ wah pe fees \ Je Maximura only yahen thy =) ae eofor ming Sf gna Enbohy a when. ‘ ibd Fre eusyy ef ea Wark ture a. Daal gat tA Pains mensCase OST 1G A a : Ee Piez art toh Az. items rarer Coa GE) End BG mig amin iemizn le oe (> (Bowe Ge Hen. 4 + Sao ee eee_ . Ss - - SOA freee whith preceesda —tuthont Qny autsiole. DO sdance...[8__Knowon. ai Spondnderas provers. 4 f= _(yeuerati cle 4Q: Ave Untollreebanel + 4 pb _Rewerse al brates forme “Hank had bo _| “ Fey if ta bys. Root tn dhe ghleg vb e O ppon daneous changed Lexan do. Aabpen SO: inevitatale. }anaves ite o cs ! eo] | e : q rier df iM eh Lo . 207 FD | [Bonivese = Fog eo ‘ ee Moniverss 7O_ ——Le a - : ae Oe C Tds-d4 Se ere oorat 0 meena £ AMG Bol28) from —mothemaiicul eg? 61 grttalfe = _ “He ut Pv dan + du + tiv + vd? _ agua fay = _f fiom teen ibe be es east ETS dG= | dW Tds —saT TaS- dt =.-dG-gaT Pub In gn (BY22 ‘ —dh-sdT +Vvef FO Rather zonl_aliat af telnlte energy _O —— a) + 4Ta TK a 3toSCeaser Clorereas 24.9 a “gewe Fife —prseeet ——— en Top vane Heer of Teor eee (z ged cto PAP hey 2 T > bs')) bom pe) tec eee wd oe esti 4| asp This Conbe 2D ASB Proved lay amotet methool og —y : a : Prac — pancamarbien : B : Revers: ye h | | : ’ 5 ’ | | | ee ry] Fy | Ly ila 1 bbb ssh ah dustedRaya 4 UO wa The. Bpesigface vol. 4] tequuid: sabes ta Liool tke TF link opiate lige eee 94 -dine_heat of Patino} toe ak snd d a an ee to q a as Se es Ts hale of change of nh usin Rrersure seg abn! worl! a be a ry Ee {Fy 7 293 ( i) = }.0902\ = 7 i ary : _ (ae J = —— 333-68 F —— ag —Fieerenie So pact eee era 3-29 do. P81 fen en LL pO: (TD: Sotubows =m ja DOU RT [meteNR nied i _ “OT pe alintaHalty 2 | « - Sop cee Shope ld pened - fips Wn 2% emhopy sf Me eas ef I L z ce te. J d ot aoa at 8 bowed lode & @what — bere werdalety “frase lam —» jo dm cf Woh ns ork oboe” what 6 foe forall dood toy (ay0.5. male [t_$01.¢?. Qucmte is dda. doy cdg 44 on 8 of tolegt. aehawnus , Catan tase” pO bef 1 ol” of a bulatlemes A MK added to. Sy ea 0 OFM bof 199 Qubbdkance & - DiAume —joleal teedeninne, Po Pa co habe eoatoopy of burg. aGabd=- integlratesl fom meg ag Casperot ea tur vapetldanien preter. i=av | ; dt = Dar pat “TvrVe) Ww? Ve ey ee eles aT To Of wee ha we oheaty yell pO ates Ie ae oe : BO, dE QHvap. T see? OF me > fa 2 Ate flat itho 5 4 a a = = ae ab bowits 2 tnpe At ( ey ' : ata T 40 aire | 15> tup> (LL) ae = Ate _o [-#) + Re = Bh ne > loge RT O° > Feoskr Su — Atty i c 2-30 a 7 . btot geo bho leg ve T iy Vdbasaben ProceI ee aw f dl ; | eo =] 7? | \e- 2 [% fe i; dnb. btw “ty a R | Wy I Lt ob Div (pl “Ret Sa Tro tog fe t Jy 7a Se i ty, ' oy dain Gan be When mm i _ Atv 2] | 2:903R "| + Ti — di, [EE] 2 R00KE B \ \ i - Gntegeated | Femn of Clayperon 39 dor Lauctims bow Seq ae, AM sue Vg >> Vs ar TOy-Vs) * benaves an ae, Disab y oa eave Madly att Vy esde | Ata. poe eee ar Rr wetnowd Lins wteqahen? fa Cle sae AY! ar 2 : Sr ~ See ay tage = — Bite ee 4 2 Qo3RT S808 ’ ye AW ne 2.303 RT Tmtegrabon. bein Lrmis. [tog 2, - + AK [ | : 22: B09 R a} The - Vapour (rev. al Zolid and Weyl Chterine > logems , Que ed siebe tog: =@- The (Rate + Slope of 5 seus 4 Lydd > gs Udosing | | | i: ; Se gq ( de). sab , _— else tego (R) don sp | 4 Teg arcs Lh yb Oo Le Rao 44 + blopex > adp. dt (tug 4 gy 4 hw ar (s#) a aT y } d ae 2 ar ae loge = — 3400 at Ape 9h tag LL al? at ar a a a ae | cTble_Yotnt_ > Where all Qwwd th Phot dty os | meek = ™ | logef ® - loa ef Bu Woo _ Ie - Shoo T ‘ T ro Sey Mele = 808, 80 ge |S i T SS T= oo . alo -b’ :un Preuw? Mecersary 4s mett Nee at -10% b & eatimade ghey [g [Bolmt & mole molar volume * rayu'd vals ah vee we tesy ML The exropy OAM | MP Ia 163 Tk + Axhumme extrepy , cerge te indepowlert of ; | at) Gedy es Fenn Ree 1 Toots beeet) Wie No | . \urpar = or 3m e. toe Pa = to Pm? x0? S fo : : eofpt Nem 2 loo T | ‘ 7 : ‘ ase 63 Tk ) aver : m s0'¢ = 2tOK: Tg oe mloe = arc Pos lam eye 2 soa p= f+ #8 — (a-T) Ve- Ys" fa= 1 BB [9¢9-299) Cleo — 19-64) fh sit 63 (-") 2 + 1087 0) ey 16 WXEL, (1:69) xw lo eect fate + Ibe S. k.Pa-titr’ Lesro k (0) = latm a (100 kPa xio®) se N32 Ke Pa yo? Kfar yoo Lol 328 ke ReeAigomed : 6-llo — gt ton entapy ¢ enhopy Chorics ee falwsing Prove Me COD Clg lg) ars. Fesperdedll —s 33-90 KT moj! g ae Smal) kl) Hee dep at vir. aie ve Ye GD) Neosho will be cola As = AH tos To, 1 oo Te (Me BIMOKM 6 B51 Ios stk < I Ac dou | ‘ Pie Peotone Tis BS\k. . t,- as bw Ths 2 : Foyt. ra aoe [+ -4| Joy as - los Abo Lowy Frome toe Ly! 4 j 903 KENT b asi J | lemle, | BSY= 208 2 — oes a . ! Ta 3S ° ; ~1:3ya pref Warn Undergoes aattalbatic: exp” Retaraibly 4 fireveubl Cgaingk 4 covtitys Pes: Y eatm wan't due Pinel fret bems equst ca external P Pr: Cate AS ren fr 4» Gpnctie sina ont ctermd | Ro: Cys BHR J fe fone more yom Nome gn Uy pasy easoee, 4 ak C -|Reversi ble > actabatic > . = Assi, + OS tue, =o 2:| Savrom =OR Te Pee Loarme Tye awol, : P= atm ae) OH treveverpn adttolearre 9 2 i Sy AMS creating 2° | aa (4) + = Gly Ret \ VT Sys 7 Ph G Ge Bp® , Lp= Fk Meg is SRY 8308 Oe = BR. fag to : 00 du=w ‘ wn . . Cv (Te = ny f = fy (27 ) 2 k ae y . f “} ition Bef AB) head fo . q t Loa + 6°= -IB03XES R log SOY 6 AS ek cee -k Log Je - ar ae (0-8) —R (0-69) 1 4 ~ [2-412 - 0-49) f ae] ake 144) ieee _ * F ane under wha Cireumbbeurees Age-AR Emi bmg “js for tother™ Mining at DOK 4f asl ef a8 hanna ‘ 44 Ng. When et Fnalvol of gods wil) be WekL: late 300k | 2*( gay. ) | ' * Ne [nde 4 y eae | . 6082 K 300 ¢ | - | x936L F E or) Lom K300 -e 04 I oor Lae jg ote | Ae gesAs, = MR X27 30S log VF. [SO XVSIURI-Z0 3 KR O33 vie i = 3-25 3) dsye ” R-X1-405 (99 Pat = 0-40 % G.21U » 2+304X0 Zolo = Sauer [2m AS, 4c, 2 CU TI | e gp . es tof , & Ude® of g din} 4 chy under Aba , 248K rk 4% yo ™ Under Zobar 6 299k Oe forced i & 34 emphy Ax vartel me temp ery menteurest OF 29PK. x! , ' 1 4 ao bE 8 t+ Mol of gar # Fou vol) (en ea yt o Lee Ng alse not Const: | CoJewale ae AS "ges AAU east eflvey abe tala et FG 29k: : m3 Gok m3 : Theos [ 2obay € 1 a cou of Non [lead ourxng ¢ olaat Jates ee Tals | Cevath Vol ef mubHaart (tora) = dod Prot = %dm3 Deeng = Mey CP MT wt Ny 4) ii . ‘ d pi Bey =e hates to? le 4 nen, R a Vo in fv - Pee ¢€ ET RR oO S L & aePew > UX f Lire, - Coys Book mle . ' =_8O- _ 0.923. motes Pa eur] . i AS Hy? 0323 xX E3yX 2303 x 0.176 =. }084 Ay xo xy Br yea KV’ Mg, = 32X89 x 1.909% (-o-135)' syy og Eg. ess | Ye XooS ¢ 3Ny x 3p | [Ben = DS, - DS, > -65 6 TI | y Ti Ph 5 wel 1% obv it QTD ermally tnauta tee : ba 4 Poh bien ; eal Oxb moe fM> Ogureleid eek i Jol 32 § 4 Pa. or. Sek fa Jane ed ny Gr psirrneng~G©aoe Cy (He) = Bp & = Sak Ny as) = Sin Up fos tren ia! Removed > — Coteutak pre curroby change dveo dy Steeles 2 % IG { oP eed 2 ey par = OYRO-O82 X293 ~ Fé6lL- lore Vu = OLE RO OEDK BES RL cd Zam Vp =. V6l+ qf > etek 2 Eee ‘ : @ ax we kur i Mee ny CytaTe +k Qu Ve Te vi Hirst we have to Cotubabe Te Th a" MYT + Ne Velo, | mixing + P-noh el Gc bouthoh Gm.che MHA Nev, : w mare L So ve 18 Uxeol)(ey | = by UXs 293 \ O6X GR + O-4X3QR i . | SSPE TNS 735-3 Lage &| ae [se +o-6 2-1 lg Myo = 04K ¥,xeByx Ing 2 52 £0: UN RY X2-33 (og WE) + yds 4li'g to" _ =. OU KE By x9. 00/3 x |. : Pc 4 rxvsef Bx) + 0-210) Ine | = OY X E6314 42-903 KDR . = 18-84 T/Ke oeAna. Q. gran od 1G . | ( i Oo ime Sle ‘ | | ; | Lc i | | Venihig! 0) = Ie Veniel Nye, im ie ake Vfnel> SL ie 1, = Imole ile © Simoles. | é oe _ h bso, Nog 230% KR Nate 2. 30a Ay B1Y (og 8 ' : | * ay 3S = 5 x2 303xv BIS 9s . \ : Depa > AS + ASE > Let. . ‘ { ’ Cero’ Cote y ca OG Hy = 0.s moles) LE {LA oS moled + 20 om = Or KW . a a LED ML Sao moles N= Ol mole Ye = (ove ay. Vi = goo MLASH M Kx-303 eR x toy VF ve As, = Vp X 2 Bow KR x 1ag Vig ve ‘ \L = ony Woe or mole Ve elk ' | Ve 2 YL a (yo +303 X Fs leg 4 Ose OV x2 eax 8 SX “+ = 3 uM we i Vee 8 Yee ULQB Acliabahic ay =0 Nowak s weo " - be ¥=0. 30 dTeo pte Tra Te ogee ee) . SS z Topic Residues Ch rro}y 7 Ace +e Tm loxo—s 7 , | The entropy of 0 Rev eer Corysratiine bubs at Ok ks Zero, ror na 1 But not all Aubstancey lane Perfeer Crys tettan e * Sty atOK—% go they, have Some Cabrofy erench c OK) 9 dug 18 Called pom) a : ~ | ni eli \- os enrapy 4 “inopecfect onew e Loli at OK ai poe as egiolual enhe | d Depencla # Upon tre prienfation ef atin 9 oe molemse t face | a ig: kK erlos ores hen es abort in mpoleauly for Perfect Cryedaduine dolial 3 be wel S= @30dxK log > Bo] hog Leo Orientation Ams fit”4. Co at ok = bem, Sold 7 bet onendabeer | 5 net xed , Solel * ' [5 net xed Imperfect Soliel So. Here ome moleute Can have of typed sf onien then fe } mo keewles brew = Soren fabng - ; z A "4 Sey z + ge 4 be No 8 gmeuitehiog ns Imole ef oy My as oN y aok yg : ot We 2%8 tor Jmale of CO . Sz kins kKeralh (= Nat kK Wg | cea cece § = Re tne = & 363 KE 214 x 0-3DI0 | Sob . — Q. Pres Cy moleedtas we voilek dhe thinl [ao +t Hhermocdy namles, « Pres” No- Re Ber teatrd fond hays Kat eobopy 7 “peor Crygteattin dol'dg ct OK tS Zavo: . Buy to Corea La ok Ok . Not Pose ch Aoltal 13| = Relaken bho yr ¢ X | Ay, + ah [34 : wr zs (GH), . ! ; -é( rv) ° i ~ | | vie eas 4 wov\) es Y fanaa ‘ € Ayp 2 t{Tav-v) TH Lo Dee Se KW be & th (aig) : : ; ayrranjenentd« | a Nak Calayy Serre ery i = iy \ QV at at aS i Sa Ren lagr : ¢ S = 9.909 .R tog xg) ] eee fom 3 dprmala af mele exhpyes So — R (Sree eur) Jag a? MPL, Hy { Se =e) yeas +f mh) = ~ 8 Pog] I § S= RY 98a RGyG' anwelt = Boltz-monn oO Bhrohy 1 map: ak am ( hementgnamies) L@® Protoasaivas “ eg ( Stababter! ~Bermoetynaume st) te. enbvoby proud be 2 Te of Froloaleil'iy. s=fm = J \ndependanr Cvent8—> leer us Gmside g, & bevabilievn Sor ht event Enreby 1d Sy a 2 Wy - ter 2% euent9 um " So a= ba) , Gee fm) £ awe Know &D eninpy i acidrhve In natuee, @ Probatesbly va mutrbbicahve a7 heel! as aowhue iN nakne yk Manigelt’ Boltzmann und Mull pores Beraviout f° Protea bitte. “Tota erhrpy> Bae Ge St Sy We Wy Ry ae Fool = fo) + fC) “ ffam,) = fea) + F Gor) {Flom 5 foo) +P)4 differenbate du 41D wert W daleing Wy, coup — | fas tt i | | | | Foal bray) = feo é abs ow, | 0a) {leony = Few) | --O Similarly —> Sitferenrak wrt 2 4 letuhy 1) Comaiy w fos) for #(21 2) Wy aw, = flor divide ©) by® ° . | Of £! C2) WINS £'001) | ‘ wy, fl (1 2) £ (wy). Jon 7 ft ws 5 # Coy) fl) ‘e fha,y. 0 f(r) tan |W 8'00) =k :fs “around > - L-0-03 \ 2-50 3. do ; wi. st | | OW hate2o/0 9 Molar enboky gf Crystalune Coat obpolude Is > 1. Zero Ln. Reae- ZS -RHD 4. 9Qenr- eh _— _ Geardlard enbohy a Cysteine Co inno atQ.20. Hote 2008 Rerioluat en hroby ef atm molentes ‘be In the Crystetune State is FR . Nov 6 onientmdven 3 Hach CA be adopted by No ink alae Stabe ay ey Aus S-¢=2 2.305 @ &1 (ong) : ~ ue = Ren (arg) $. 314 X2- 902, arg = a | | 4 1 4 Prengive Proberties 4 OA Pro benty (8 Cefenaive (f 44 TI _ Yoon 18 additively or tee Properly eat defend on ( exlendion oe om sta 90. of moles. 2A. een | Pn denaiwe fre pertiey_3 ak are Nok. adhe lin nadie f | when due System auld po Dx Featki—3 Caw Park thay gua fame Melee of tr Roperty. Goneraly dijenat 79 intensity, | &, ~ Jemb Raf index , Presume + \ it) eK sad iq bensine PRopevh’ Be cxsenqie Pobertios | ig heneine Properhes vol. Molar vols NE al moles : Gane po Mads 2 Rep (ndux, Energy. . Quepace FS Enndty visuomt4, ‘ darolaume omit . ee ene i 5 at Heal Capanity Ray molerenargt 1&. ome mole ¢ Mone akmie. pee & R & ee | & molet a Batormc ft = GASfoR ~ What I ee 1 ms | Resa jt tate fer gO > HR, HEE DT = N66 stele @-3 vesak 5 Ge ThROT> LS Y for Heaetsout gasrmins) ey +S, bo m4 14) IX anh tax spR — 3,8 46K I+ 2 . | - BawTre Praduued vabia, Burn xf ging adem give property — a IOSIVE © ya neni - oS Ver ery MY > “Y4 a I ntengine Cups bree Energy gy iM ternad Vatrobbes —> difheutt 4 Ciro: RT 7. Baemed 4 = Caney to trnrre |e ' “@ y= cht Pw oO ays du - fav ‘ I a © oye Tole | —> Tol s= clu- a lov Tag holy ~ = ae clu + Pv > OfP= conste + = begs Gu) PC “VJ ole a) 24-4 | phe eer +e) - -y-&) | ‘ ' i wn, = (4+) (y+ &) [we 0+ Pv] = olywdly +Riv ee an bive Csoa Lover lewd Mnrroctuce ttt mm kenal enelg Boy wi ie Rested to Edw. EM le nrooluce Ht eurohy 8S “fn Ad ymarnie gineten Cam be Answered by Cainy UES } Dur natural Veh qu an Qevs Uz U(Sw) ¢ Sav may” ee jmnpottilse | ety OU ffieatt to Conpol fg Laberelory. . So we ale tegahsnns Frans ford fo lakvoduce— “Tense vette | rat are More Convvtenvenl 40 conto! |The Gibuls etgy GD © Bpeetabty co Imp t fir aes Ba. fe Matured vapeblig are “Teh > frat ate In densi ve jo Nature: I 1 | | Legender “Transform 1S alines Charge in vas selohs dead plats wel 4° Mathemakea) Jon dupe aNned Pfanchon ey Subhrach xg” one [rove Prooucke conjugate Yoriables_. Ge WH TE Uj ugak variate = inher Bae Templ? Presive. dependoince of Gu'bio's fee energy . 1 (Da Tombs_Sebendeney > G- H-TS AG: dHu~- Td - SAT dine dura tude das ue pve vat-Td sod da= da, +var~Tds- ¢olT— a as oly Tol dae al rar sar . ee (2), a7 sar), fl (2G) 2 > 4 qd | | (2°), s d | oy oe max i : © i | trad in Lleohochem 4 ay 4 Grbbis Hemholte 249, e-- Veda C4 db ™krnehes. => (34)--4 a fTpeat) In elecho Wwe will see (a _ Ellechochue oe =O FE Hho ehesnsoharn’ shy | : I -—nfe= bat T (= | ee an eee a . 2 le aa Po Grvaday : i N=ne Pe em : le atl -nFT 6 \ - i Lat Je ae - i : Sr) 2 Teh: desp endaee FT we --nferner (28 F deue 7 OT Jp pb Le. AQ= AkTAs I . awe oDG+ TAS Compure bot 09” ao he Que —nrE + 14se,° ait 7 (urn) Ip Gm at Th te gimencs EME Ar Te Can ee Caleutaped omty When AS gen, iP @. HG) + ch C8) atl ey) aA om fing aenp 3 due Em F Generally. —> : ene (*£), . fo: yet G - |b= OH ds . “> ras, [aren DB ae [a (22), p LT Je va {2 ] - (2 as} . 2. (#8 ~ Yor ep Ie _- = - T \ a a = oe a ‘2 7 2 Po = one ++ (Pe), -) SF), oH ‘ H [Ae es Ac 2 (2B eb, * c= 7 (23), Dep= T (3a8 —(se yh] | I | Jale |] ae “HID i [ote = = a Prrrhesius ean Comes i Goma oy |" fb re Simi larty fe pu-TS | te Gar ray t= Vvi) ® ee jes Jems eg ; hs from Gh BD } a J. “ ca ! on . 7 a(ain\) ye ot ae ee ut | _ C tr) cc aa He a) & - = (Yr - o(L) Pete Te etTa teyratel tem > (eet) = : | } | In dlabendenct {tee — D- bn te wy — DA , . i C4 2 7 a ar J? i gt Tet SO en | . 2 (02 js aT | ag LT) T, TT 4 io ' A ha oo Deity — AGr, 2 - at \ a5 . ay qT an ae dar = hs Ts aw pe a Be fete bie OT Ig “Ty TF sy = Bf ayo ae 1 me Pg eee ie | Gor Blow] : we com Caloulare le oe Ree BG, om Tomb t Se at anor “ Ag by agi zl i . Cor ser Roe Ne a (Vr 3, Halgd ONE, a iT Imrote (por besenas |Bus es Ta p 13 [mole- _ tog = Ye NT 4 Sa. : in 46: te : “Sale wag Ln5-341 KT] mole:“2384 ce" 3} Nye Vs fenp & 7 is ‘ » lhe duce 2 Nn ro kee Peal de preter - —sfollonaing ste vi'a'ed 64" aasHaermodynaion seg... 9 wt, Shacly | Mechanteal Worl (49a Ale mired. ‘yar ath. Ko Hed much Wort “18 Regard. - Reianitbe. oltes gag 2. Pradicao- cm.devner. 7. towel bam Abie Ko co bar pats Gam) tn, tee, [tee +e == | j PAF different: fom... rte deem bom a. Part ef aa ISE lao og apy toe. bare ch. hay whey | Lod ehecrteal Wore tatsh (aso. Thee du How da.4 . | Pere ed ter Be _ bogs Zp ane eee eee - fee Lmole “Af Caarse aE a ©6993 KFS HG On gy | Hob uE Ss Oey GK oe LE i i TB ate -~ad ( sdf seth sens Dent Ula ede sd Gr enatt PT pebae ae aa ———— ee = & Ve yt Poly — Wee — Coav) ke i din Maxisun oe Sean enlea) = : . = Wenner—_—— is eS =i = i te ESE SRE i = aa “(ti Pa EE = pee eT =) i mo eceaprg by wee ep eure a Ee) 4 sey! Ff TO" . 5h i¥ [hon emma) Pee — Mog se ace rTEr eee ae v € re LoGe) = aces : ar a i 7 a Ty a The constSion af Gograple =? 6 brmall 9°! hog GQ GBD: GOKT mole: 1 of 2g Ld RO nab te sur min. Prebuye Oecerdary’ pee Ryu _Afponbearelsime aticle a * [——“pvb PSF meya u's, Rute tolrsn tae fe Pera : Of2 #0. bL ott 2g. tag (Pa ae = tere TYE : i | ————--st eae alten. . nat Av! tre Rag? Qe. on ft fad ta both. be Pee, AG? 7 fer Hea, + Ae. fen. geapusile te diamond | pt lates. akLDP WHY. en a me ee & Pade. Jy ——— == = ae | [the 3 LG E a | SP & 3 Bi D | g | i) a B bp LH re | hr i | | The. afer Hub ‘ented Cage an @. emi cot. RxD Was Stucli-ed fescbei ie hed ae eee oon _= FLL AUT. ( eredtenm a) 1g. 4p foo te endurh on Temp — a . 2 fa —— Snpene. a _ — eS os ee —— 0 ia ak. Pater Au. weal bu ZevEos 36+ 30 “56_ ee molar Guat her | saa “Rernasls fara ic : ‘ Appurcatere to. soleed. Austem: tna Shem. - Pret Mob eal bas * - Wort rd He wads Ont abe Keverat leainal of NR. Contidered...ad. inotterd.. A&2. ashen! Cecang sn Nutticombonsnt oben : Saget sda Here, tin pene aa tt eas _Beslosionasps_¢ ou dceated went oteey._sfucmedymam*c voriable a “4 7 ane P i) —febus.. Censicl 2. Dike = Jee. fasta = y— dud nok. me Tet P 2 _ rar ta LL efa -—o.xal— sf eon SV dled dance sac i ' fs GOP, 2 MK) aA ¢ a, ES Reprasn) due Guat of : tr ke tombonente in jus. Sydbenrs e = . ~- fee Eas —hinany Syste = + = Booman. Lo - a ew Ma So a haat 72 tpn “(ie > Rebel -nlor-- sun's rer — e ——$ BM BM tren “penesick teem a Ae — _ emer (Qe Liane eeese pear o a 18 addéel! Subrroct) >I aac 8 Buch z= Bg Nj <2 tedsth —# he By, } Cheraital Potential? Greerally Chemiealt Pole bel tt... orto) molar she; Renae. frlevbo! athe caiameia Teall Premera, Ua_— [daz \ GUS TS = Pav Satan) Tae + va 4 ZL 1yn Depewtines of cremicad Cotenttal on TA.—| Com Pare ds Var-edT 2S S utdot _ os da = eee Coe t Perens |e Gabe digg ~ Hedy php =D ~ a y dg“ToeesepynaMics, Maxwell “Ter madyna mics square eae dh = —Pdv-SaT due Tas + va? dus Tas- Pav Hanwell — Relation b- @ CP) = ON Jem “ Oe }Atm= |ol[325 N|m> = F60 mom Rg. = Ho tora Foem Hy IN|Jm® 2 | Paseat : |' atm = \0l\S25 Pascal = lolS25 Narre lol. 925 kha = o0i925 MPa = lolarg xjo% MR = [01925 Bar | lo® Pa = lbar : fo. Conversion of joule into Gar). 66x10 OY 3g Bait? om 3) 2 | kfa-ttke = Joule = Nm| | > for tae) “a equations | PV ORT . . 5. (at Mv ‘ i. (3) ,> a Gry OR — 6 Gh). & 2 (2), 7 “a Fe DR© | Thermod: Qari coeff frerents:~ i hove Thermal expanaivity ge Shoban'c “ermal &xbansion . | ' coe ttvent Lf ote + (¥) . f V ARTI | Qs Be ihe-thermal Compre bLy factor: _ 1 [ev | eee, }. ye fRechorte emp. base, Prebure Change Ceefpo'ent ? or [ae | > Thermedynamtc coef fronts foe fal gone &-1 ene rd '| Relatin bha maxwell Rela ¢ Thermedynamic Variables || State functions: GH, AUR TiS V de po | Ji} Chemical Polentiat 5 i | i i \ | \ { he. Work 4 Heat are, not ale fn but | a Pw 4 are fth funchons- Euler theover’- fle oe 8h dz = Mae + Ndy Go. AE: 4° euler Hneorern'« I (Gi @,. oo if ak reser ZS a Mate fun. He Rice: Jo Green's “Preoren 1... vention 9 fivst daa 4 works vivention_* HS (doz - Pav) + Work done by System = Ove, . exPanssion) + Heat given by Syston = Ove Cexo-+hemic) | t Rerkdone Om Syeiom=@ve Combrawien) cf ft Beak taken by she sysiom Sve, Cendothewic) . | First! law > & *Relation blo + BE : At ps L i + SR] Nor iv Ane form of 12 form of of Work fq -Hhe en ° Head Capac! Hy * ) c= ay ky dT=Uesth a aT >. ak Const P consis@ “man: ear ON eS | ~ | | goa 2a) Poe one rodeo} ialead 9% | | = ; +t jee to Bt lave “Themediremiss! dae au-w da, = Au + Pdv | | 3 dveo | ak Congtt Volume ! ee Bi @ Tehead Qos - | [ay due neat [> foc 1 mates +4 abel bie enthalbyt- | Math emabice 4 _antnaly He U+Py’ gH = du + Pdv + vaP d a dH = dq tv? 204 1 ak Const 3 AP20 @ vale=d= GdT} > for one mole op Felead gay: Q = \ 1 4 £ dq = dti= Nedt | tor n-moles of (olegl gos (oat a units a C = Gb 8 eal VE Se eae Tole K Relation sbelveen Heat on 2 "Debye T? tow > bheeT= “Temperature. > _ for gases > 2° ot a € ¢ ce| bo GaGa ety 2 , ' -Gye TE dqco 7 ere dueW] + ao & siete fu2> Sow also a. Glare far for Adialoate process - wo4 ® dq = du-w da, = du+ Pav When Veconatt 5 dvs05 Pdv=0 : | el —{—= , / 6: | ke = dv] fe. tor iso cnric Process + dy, is a stele fun | G i € | ¢ Elasticity cedftioml Es le. “vy Bh © 4 & Goleulate tinal demp. when 2 Substance at cbetterent temp & Gre med : Carel Same bupstance, Amount different , Temp. different Te = “hth + NeTe fev eeeeee ce At NeCase . Different . amount , Di€Perent Subatence , Ditteraht Temp Te = HST tt MS eg Te 4 Mop, FS, Gaskell > Same Qubatance, Same amt , Different Terb. Te = To+T, Z — tases [ras - cpar — + (2) 40 Fivsk -thermedyoamic ea of State ts Chonge fm internal ergy Werks tchange In vol ak Const T We IS* thermodynamics eq of State: ovfase re = he TR wy _ LR Px ep =< ae) 2 T Pe wit vi a ~ fox vander weal s gue (25) = = ie ore mole- coat ofa | _, tor moles Ay Vv zr }v | Relation” blo Cpe, 4 Tr D |x Valea gas 9 My =? " oe eral a | ? Second Thesnodynamies equatton, ation _of _Arals bale ic Change tn the value enthalpy Werk: Change in ae value! e Prexure at Consett. temberalure - for deol gas:- eee cesarean Tatle’ Thomson coefficients: i a ete w ® YSeenthalpre. Joule Thomson Coepprevent = {geothermal Joule thomson coeffycentt~ Qe oP ‘ ) (a. “his was biedied by Joule Thomson 4 called fhetiiermed oul ¢intérnar Premuve for Ueleal’ art Igo4herpat 7 T Coeffroect*~ for teal gor eee Infernal | Premvre fer Vander wool qa ao3 WSothermal J,T coefprorent for Vw: fasle 4 Trveversible Processes | ") Reverpible HSothewmal @xhandtm oO Weal Jase : | we caer te Ne 5 Wye 2-303 ORT Log, Va Mi We —2903NRT bog as 2. ) reversible ‘sethermal expantier ol! om tend gant [we - ® (s-) Wed ance (w-¥) Vg' E lf woe RT (a- 2) i a We net ( I~ #) s v: r Reversible Adubatic expantion ef an tdlead gost | Tot D> Relation Yo VU, Gy 4 tly t » r : : t ’ i > * 4 > Relattn bho ea aK @),- »(i-«7) , 1 4g : . ; GD Tareversible Adwbakte expanien ef ideel goat We Ney dT = NG (Ta-t)hae XY {gotham | ° adiababe, + ome Conclusi r (2) > (Fr) scotnernal “Vv adtaloa Hc * Py e — Ao thermal 7 — Xcaradoatic 1 Rey. feothewsal > adialoahe. Rev: Expr * expm Vispthenmal D> Vadialoaltc ae (—Wheversibie > GC W) Teevessible ; ene euph 4 WTeversibie 7” oT tareveraibble Wroal, Reversible a Inch, reversible Widen) Jou W fox eb ine ? Gny Other gas Ww Wey. adsabanic > 'Y rev. tgo-thenra Rev: ihe > Trev advalalre: yy Comprereian :- Wrey- odialoabic, « Ww. . Ween faothermal Perey adialeare.. ew isothermal qyl = Joule Thomson expt! I : : t ‘ ' ! dt = due | i (ge), * sr | fe t ‘ du = dur Pdv +vde} | |< gn= dq+vae a Ov. D . } -€ > (3), Por Vander wand gagest— | te “3,7 = ier aT du = 4 . GE), a7 + Gr), 4e € du CpdT + $5, 4 S Ggee Ag we know 7 for Idea) gases 2 | \ BS inieerconl Yo [sir = Sling | heoting + 2a iL Rio = g Pie A Ve Rarer : oy Rb ta Ze ak Crtvead Temp > VWeot 4 vapouattarion 7 I on be caladated by value 4] a42e T Case | Agr | sr ' Commen}s ———— : 4 . | ae eT ‘ 4. cose @f Healy (35) = S| oe suse ect] eae nip é > dhol Th 7 Tented, =Ove Ove || Gea theig Te CT ed dT = ve | Ordinary Tenp 2+ Most aa ' Butera heat} * . if exberimenta Temp tatty 2 Case of Cooling See a | TEX Tawar @ve eve Most gases of ordin aay dt= eve Temp - &n01d cooling 4 [2 Hyde Ahow coolingal Very In temp .é E o € 5 Nether Hesting It Ty aT ‘ Nor Cooling : . ' / - ~~ -0 2. Sdeol at oridary Ja lp = Tibia! Ayr br je ") dt=o : 3. Vander weal oe ak Inversion 4emb: peatiog yp a? Laing } TF go 1 X f Texp= $60'c ie Texp “> ~4oo’e Baa GseJ] . / “+ GleEoT dation jo find cut 7 Temb: 9 | ; | ae - ) & ‘ eo 2 & eee See ee ‘ © | [iokmal energals pave me | [ier Va-Nb | da= net oo () rr] - ab )- aj b-L Rr fuck ) a(t i. oe yera( ve ViLer mn moles | Aue -anta(l - L\+ ner 2 = Me ev inn Vene Aue ~anta( -1) a mort Ln Ve OM Marne Vi~hb t 4 — ; rerit. — Aue 9db+ n2>beT [sae von : & @ Reversible Adiabatic exbantton !- Suew i - € ewe Ry (T-T)) ala ( L-1 “|Au [Srna _ o _ . Thy, Tv 7 [> ah a(4-L +988, W aft va Vi via v : for | mole = " Treat c Adiababie =) Ay. =O ' ;a TAO | \ 8) Toreveraible tsotnermal Process 29- = | Us Stare Tan will be ame Soe Reverstlele Wotnermad & terest WWothetmas Vays Pa -h -(es,- 3) Ca) 3 so4 Pane Sak fun Gime asin Rev. Vesthermal Poca] l 1) Reversible advarost’e’ Precers: (Poission 47) & 9) Rev. (so-thermal Wwe gos Gexrn) 7 Cv) Rev. (sothermal Tea) Coxp”) CY Gey isothermal ¢ x Ce. isothermal Tclea}( Compaen) ve wegas (Compreviion)Comet Engine aed Ge involves 4 Stes * } Le ertnenmal oh dies 4 duce . | | Pes [a = Heat givento engines —Wy= RT, OY, MN Zz Aduababec ae dg so due C(Te-Th) = Wo! 3. Tisthermal comprediion:- dteo- ous es a ae) [&- Head piven co dsern= — hy = RY cn : Wh = AT MoQar COM OL le Ad batic Compression ce aq 20 Ave wy = Sy (T,-Te) «Frat Wark = Wem RT CU. — RTE Cn My wy “Va, | = Ry Up Me a Mi (OF Work may bs written ayi> > engine more \hevesible ° Teveverbte. per > FP) teres P \ (Qh) gey Cnt © Compression DYecy < OM) reer, @) Rev <@) jarev. . cs a pe ower. Ge 2 & LT to Put +W On- a a | Be Coctrcsent 9 Ferfermance.= Goh)g . ro (CP teat Pamp= (S)- 4 - Tote Relatirn we gas a ! [pri =_Te Tn = | | 1 7 tl = a (tee Tne |ot pie& 5 Te, & | a7 | Degeee of rendoon A cay upamtion doo ef Brergy- Each agree Of Fesdom “temm nates VY, Rr energy Per Mele: Tera a aree cI Freedom = “an brouslabenat Dore 3 | ‘ [forsrorad Cuneab)= 2 io (nm Unear = 3° Vilgsatnnd CUnear) = ONS ” (nion- Uneas) = BNE : + JovaNional Conti bub on > Z Hiphec temp = look RT= RT © Qs Noderare demp = 2ev AT = O-2RT © | 1° Slew emp =o ar Pity g Rag FeveTe VvTr formula to calculate Entropy [S= kev | T We No: ef Probablt! arangem elt. Ke Bolramana wos : ered Shenk, change in Reversivte facets for om eal gi? Sp [same Phase’) tot fers yf, TO af BS 33 Alp bogT2 _ BBONR veg , iY Ad = ~ Ogg lof. — Senn toy vy, P, : y. For Sobanie Pre Py AS= 2.403. 9 cp log TR = co {€ € € ae 1 for Iso chowe Process:. WEY AS= 2303 cy log Te ity Enteobs Change \n Reversible Phase trangformab unt~ aG=0 | by = A= An-TAS O+ hH--TAs as- DRE ie 7 Ge Sey AE] 8 | BS. Te lguid @ Vapous, Ss . | AS> DY ven >= Solid = yapouy, AS= disuy Bye Sot Oyen ___ T8ub ' Lo Tee] So (Sy DSs| Enbroby Cham ge in, Drreversible troceas sw Len & T F; | AS= Gee 4+ Rev I T yl. and —— . or de when Phage Same ¢ Temp. different > Ase Cohn’: . eat %| 7 Reaure const \ € Phase different 4 Temp. Bames As =u ‘ : | 48 9 Pressure Constr 3 When Phase Some, -Previvre. different, Tem. constr > \ pgs —R en | 2. when ( € En broby of _Mixiayg 4. Caget> ‘ditferat mateual, “eft Ten Qe | Ott . amb. My, T, + MeSp, le ™n Cont Me lPyogee BS, = Mn Cy to TE ‘ Th = 7 Co, & ASp= Me ¥ j ASrriat= 230 HSe i} . er Same suuthonce ) tft amt, ft Temp € AS, ASB? Store) > as above oa Set | Same Substance... 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So | Dmx = OVE AG= pH —TaAs my ° SG@yj, = - TAS, DGmix = Fong Br E nips oo eo |da=eve Poh hh Crane for gne x mele. c~ DSmix= —2-S0bR [ es pata Nyilogr, + Malo gy +] oe MBmie= 2 BBR OM Rogry + Bae legrs) : a 7 BS me = TR BOB &| eH doy + \eg ro] |ASmixing — = -Q.903R Sx} mMolay Toel. enboby Mosing ASmyx ~ 2 BOwNR SG wef log ae | ifEnkoky g MeKing desea Stotal (out gras) = EN aT —NERGP— TS hare : Pre Reral Premure E ; MBmnix = — RENE Rireg " Enrby 4 MK fe max: only whens be Sein Re OR Reverse bor\ Shaped graph of "y- <2 —noon” MErRAreoone loc Giteria’ off Spontanerty bore <0 5: AY,» Do a4, p <0 £ sue 20 Ayr ASsyatom 2? ASsuw = O | | ASuniverse = ss_Clayperon— Cla gai: la gaiuy ane : ( Clayperon> gave clifferenttatbed form ‘ né Classtua —> " rn degrabed dem. Set athe : dP _ be on ar, 7 ver Ve) | 7 ooo a oe aT T(Ve=Ve) ar Dy I Yailarty “for ony o-thew franefona bins Ace. fo maxwell Squares : . ( é [BB BR fae. Tes oe a aT Tay = Few) Le “Wir, qn waa Attved fay Ung Eller thgorin on : ea dra = —Pdv— sat ‘ Application 8 ie @ Efe | Re on BPEL MPL. > © tev VSD Ve Dy = Ove ee So Pf |Petture BPE T bse feOar mm OO SPA An ab sp : CT > Ve rd Vg (89 Sutphur, wax) [Ranch Snort] Case IT > Ye e Vg (4. Hy) 4 ae 1 (ff dp=@ve — dT=eve Sof Bembre PD —s> mek L ote -> : fp On mauntaing, Cooleing a dtfraut™ bez om -the mountaing Preure clicrenes $B -PE-L P on Magn abtitudu, — alm: Pogure dicreoses bez of lex, amount ef tr IR” Preent ~Hrere So \ews Weignk > Leys Rrewmen Se lyuel bolls at loder temp —> har water” boil elma too’c. bo fee cuereaten for every umit mass % Hyo + So transPerring heat frm Water do food Ahus longer time. Be Cooking lems dittrail: Th tegratea cle of Clapberon ta ~ Poe et PME aT Cee) TT <3 Vee) Gelermined Darl in Py for SSOonal y Bt for lay (vaposization Process) ‘ ing ¢ buy 1 ae [wes ee lege Neve at ae ‘Wr € L€ ant Paes ec . I € Tow 4 (Sublimation frocess) ¢ — " ce joge = — Allan 46! 2. B08 RT i fig 2 Mian pager rds Sado Tr ' € sae 5 [rk = Mes fact] | ¢ Residual tnivopy $= : i Le S=klniy We Orienkthon (Probable) °} atomain a te Ke Bolte mann Cons | é At ok, for Perfect Systalling Boley eho by "s Zero | c | Bur not ay Bolted have Perfecky Gays talline: kr, cok = 4 Jy have rome enbropy cd dik, drat fa betheol oO eatchual enrropy | ¢ he @Pecan 9 eq? my = (= le, fae AS BniEe (2-7) [fs te cw] : OF ; Yo. To. dlectrs chemishny> AT aG@= -9FE NFEENPT (3 FP i =8) | Appitcatten of 294 eqn in kenelfes :~ Rar fg eo, | Hoe Pee a ° 2. A fe] Tz Rerhenivs 64% Comes tom esd gD, 2.908R | Te3 ( Gils Pree Enengy | Area? of nergy dU~, Tdg + Pav > S4V 3 axrengier Properbesodifratt te | av = Ths + vdP Conhel iy Labsratury da = ~Pay— SAT ' es | al Energi” | | Idi = VdP- Sat ] P47 > Intensive proper ber? eoay to | : Conhol. ta Laboratory. my T> intensive. froperty y $= intensive probedy, | So Multiple ef both 3 Conjigate vatiable= TS ' “Temp. debendanes | Giblis Svee Energy > [ | (2s ary 77S: — — selva | Gil's Helmholtz ¢9 for Gibu's free Bmergy te oT P 1 & |) 2(Ag/r) ~ ‘ FS) 3] IT) Se