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38 Online Chapter Test

I. Multiple Choice Questions

1. (d) Let the pole strengths of two magnetic poles be p and 4p. If the required point is located at a distance x from the
first pole, then at this point,
force on unit pole due to first pole = force on unit pole due to second pole
µ 0 p × 1 µ 0 4p × 1
⋅ = ⋅ ⇒ 4 x 2 = (1 − x )2
4π x 2 4π (1 − x )2
⇒ 2 x = 1− x ⇒ 2 x + x = 1
1
⇒ x = = 0 . 33 m
3
2. (c) Because induced electric field lines (produced by change in magnetic field) and the magnetic field lines form closed
loops. Fig. (d) is only representing magnetic field pattern, hence not valid.
3. (c) As we know, potential energy of a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a magnetic field, U = − M ⋅ B cos θ
where, θ = angle between M and B,
M = magnetic dipole moment
and B = uniform magnetic field.
Direction of the magnetic field is given by cork screw rule and perpendicular to the plane of loop.
In stable equilibrium position, angle between M and B is 0° and in unstable equilibrium, this angle is 180°.
Now, when θ = 180°, then U = maximum.
When θ = 0°, then U = minimum.
When θ decreases from 180° to 0°, then its potential energy also decreases.
Hence, option (c) is correct.
4. (d) Given, T1 = 60 / 20 = 3 s
T2 2 π I2 / mB2 B1
∴ = = [Q I2 = I1 = I ]
T1 2 π I1 / mB1 B2
= B1 / 3B1 [according to question]
1
=
3
where, m = pole strength
and I = moment of inertia.
1 3
⇒ T2 = T1 = = 3s
3 3
5. (d) As we know, low retentivity, high permeability is required to make electromagnets (soft iron is used), whereas
permanent magnets (steel) for magnetic doors as they have high retentivity and high coercivity.

II. True or False

6. False, as we know, angle of dip δ = 75° (given), hence BV / BH will not be equal to 1. If δ = 45°, then BV / BH = 1, in that
case BV = BH .
Hence, it is a false statement .
7. False, the machine parts of a wrist watch are surrounded by an iron ring which acts as a screen against external
magnetic fields as shown in figure.

Hence, they do not get affected.

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MAGNETISM AND MATTER 39

8. True, as τ = MBsin θ
Given, M = 37. 52 A-m 2
B = 16000 G = 16000 × 10−4 T
∴ τ = MBsin 90° = 37. 52 × 16000 × 10−4 × sin 90° = 60.03 N-m
9. False, if L is the length of wire, so
R
L = n × 2 πR = n ′ × 2 π
2
∴ Number of turns in new coil, n′ = 2 n
Original magnetic moment, M = nIA = nI × πR 2 [Q A = πR 2 ]
2
 R πR 2
New magnetic moment, M ′ = n′ IA ′ = 2 nI × π   = nI ×
2 2
M′  πR 2  2 1
∴ =  nI ×  / ( nI × πR ) =
M  2  2
M' 1
So, =
M 2
10. False, X is diamagnetic and Y is paramagnetic, because when a diamagnetic bar is placed in a magnetic field, the field
lines are repelled and the field inside the material is reduced. But when a paramagnetic bar is placed in a magnetic field,
the field lines get concentrated inside the material and hence field is increased.

III. Fill in the Blanks

11. Attract N1 strongly, N2 weakly and repel N3 weakly, because ferromagnetic substances magnetised strongly in the
direction of magnetic field, paramagnetic substances magnetised weakly in the direction of magnetic field, while a
diamagnetic substance is magnetised weakly in opposite direction of magnetic field.
eJ
12.
2 me
evr
Q Magnetic moment of an electron in an atomic orbit, M = …(i)
2
and its angular momentum, J = me vr …(ii)
eJ
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get M =
2 me
. A-m 2
13. 075
Given, n = 1000 turns, A = 2.5 × 10−4 m 2, I = 3 A
A magnetic field develops along the axis of the solenoid. Thus, solenoid develops magnetic moment as solenoid
behaves like a bar magnet, M = nIA = 1000 × 2 .5 × 10−4 × 3 = 075 . A-m 2
along the axis of the solenoid.
14. 600 K
χ′ T χ 2.9 × 10−4 × 300
As per Curie law, m = ⇒ T′ = m ⋅ T = = 600 K
χm T′ χ′m . × 10−4
145
15. hysteresis loop

IV. Matching Type

16. (c) A → S
Because magnetic lines are completely confined within a toroid. Each loop encloses a region across which a current
passes. The entire region enclosed by the windings contains magnetic field.
D → Q, C → P
The field lines of a bar magnet and a current carrying finite solenoid are similar. The curves labelled (i) and (ii) are
closed Gaussian curves.

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40 Online Chapter Test

B→ R
It represents the field lines of electric dipole.
17. (a) A → S
For ferromagnetic material, magnetic susceptibility χ m = I / H is greater than 1.
B→ P
For diamagnetic material, −1< χ m < 0
C→ Q
For paramagnetic material,
0 < χ m < ε, when placed in a non-uniform magnetic field, the bar tends to move from weaker part of the field to the
stronger part.
D→ R
For hard magnetic material, as they move from weaker to stronger part of the magnetic field, value of susceptibility is
positive, hence can be used as permanent magnet.

Very Short Answer Type Questions

18. Given, v = 2.3 × 106 m/s, r = 0.53 Å = 0.53 × 10−10 m
Magnetic moment, M = ?
q e
∴ I= = [Qq = e ]
t t
. × 10−19 16
16 . × 10−19 × 2.3 × 106
= = = 1105
. × 10−3 A
2 πr / v . × 0.53 × 10−10
2 × 314
∴ M = I × A = I × πr 2 [Q A = πr 2 ]
= 1105
. × 10−3 × 314
. × ( 0.53 × 10−10 )2 = 975
. × 10−24 A-m 2
19. A toroid is like infinite straight conductor which does not have North and South poles, because both have no net
magnetic moment. Its not necessary that every magnetic field configuration have a North pole and a South pole. This is
only, if the source of magnetic field has a net non-zero magnetic moment.
20. For solenoid, the magnetic field needed to be magnetised the magnet,
B = µ 0nI
10
where, N = 100 turns, l = 10 cm = m = 01
. m
100
N 100
∴ H = nI = ⋅ I ⇒3 × 103 = ×I ⇒ I =3A
l 01
.
21. Given, R = 15 cm = 15 × 10−2 m , N = 3500 turns, µ r = 800, I = 12 . A
If n = number of turns per unit length, then
3500
n=
2 π × 15 × 10−2
∴ Magnetic field, B = µH = µ r µ 0nI
3500
= 800 × 4π × 10−7 × × 12
. = 4.48 T
2 π × 15 × 10−2
22. B2

B
N
d2=40cm φ
B1
S
d1=30cm

N S

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MAGNETISM AND MATTER 41

Given, M1= 0 . 27 A-m 2 and M2 = 0.32 A-m 2

µ0 027
.
∴ B1 = ⋅ = 10–7 × 10 = 1 × 10–6 T
4π ( 30 × 10−2 )3
µ0 0.32
and B2 = = 10–7 × 5 = 0.5 × 10–6 T
4π ( 40 × 10−2 )3
But as B1 and B2 are perpendicular to each other, so
B = B12 + B22 = [(1)2 + ( 0 . 5)2 ] × 10–6 = 11. 18 × 10–6 T
B   0 . 5 −1  1
and φ = tan−1 2  = tan−1  = tan  
 B1   1  2

Short Answer Type Question

23. As we know in solenoid, H = nI = constant and B = µ 0µ r nI, where n = number of turns per unit length and I = current.
B changes due to variation in µ r , when temperature of the iron core of solenoid (ferromagnetic) is raised beyond Curie
temperature. So, the soft iron core behaves as paramagnetic material. We know that,
( χ m )para ≈ 10−5 and ( χ m )ferro = 103
( χ m )ferro 103
∴ = −5 = 108
( χ m )para 10
Hence, magnetisation is diminished by a factor of 108.

Long Answer Type I Questions

24. (i) Soft iron will be the best ferromagnetic material as a choice of relative permeability greater than 1000. It has low
retentivity, but the magnetism increases by thousand times.
(ii)

Magnetic Computer Box Magnetic

field lines component field lines

Magnetic field lines do not enter inside the box and do not intersect or touch each other.
25. (i) Graph (I) represents the magnetisation of a paramagnetic material which is inversely proportional to absolute
temperature of the material.
The graph (II) represents the magnetic susceptibility of a paramagnetic material which is inversely proportional to
the absolute temperature of the material.
M M 8 × 1022 × 3
(ii) Intensity of magnetisation, = = = = 72.89 Am −1
V 4 3 4 × .
314 × (6 .4 × 10 6 3
)
πR
3
26. Given, φ = 3 × 10–4 Wb, H = 1000 A / m, A = 2 × 10–4m 2
Hence, magnetic induction,
φ 3 × 10–4
B= = . Wb/m 2
⇒ B = 15
A 2 × 10–4
B 15
.
We know that, B = µH ⇒ µ = =
H 1000
⇒ . × 10–3 T-m/A
µ = 15

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42 Online Chapter Test

µ . × 10–3
15
Again, we know that, χ= – 1= – 1 = 01194
. × 104 – 1 = 1194 – 1
µ0 4π × 10–7
χ = 1193 ⇒ χ = 1193
. × 103

Long Answer Type II Questions

27. (i) The magnetic field due to the magnet and magnetic field of the earth are shown at two different points P and Q.
Clearly the two fields, cancel only at the point P and Q. So, P and Q are the neutral point according to the definition.

N
S
W E
N
S

(ii) The magnetic field induction at a point on the axis of a current carrying loop,
µ 2 NIA µ 2 M
B= 0 ⋅ 3 = 0 ⋅ 3
4π r 4π r
µ 0 2M
Similarly, in case of magnet, B = ⋅ [on the axial line]
4π r 3
Thus, current loop can be considered as magnetic dipole.
(iii) Given, r1 (coil C1) = 02
. m, r2 (coil C2) = 0.3 m,
BH = 27.8 Am −1 , δ = 30°, N1 = N2 = 100 turns
µ 0N1I1
The magnetic field of C1 neutralises BH , = µ 0BH
2 r1
2 r1BH 2 × 02
. × 27.8
⇒ I1 = = = 011
. A
N1 100
The magnetic field C2 neutralises, vertical component of the earth’s magnetic field,
µ 0 N 2 I2 2 r B tanδ
i.e. = µ 0BV = µ 0BH tan δ ⇒ I2 = 2 H
2 r2 N2
2 × 0.3 × 27.8 × tan 30°
= = 0.096 A
100
28. (i) (a) Given, magnetic moment, M = 5 . 25 × 10−2 JT −1
The resultant field B will be inclined at 45° to the earth’s magnetic field B only, if B 1 = B 2
B2
B
45°
B1
r

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MAGNETISM AND MATTER 43

where, B is the magnetic field due to magnet.

µ M µ M
Now, B1 = 0 ⋅ 3 and B2 = 0 ⋅ 3
4π r 4π r
(Assuming length of a magnet is very small in comparison to the distance involved) ( r > > d )
4π × 10−7 525
. × 10−2
∴ 0.42 × 10−4 = ×
4π r3
1/ 3
3 10−7 × 525
. × 10−2 10–5 × 525
r = ⇒r =  
0.42 × 10−4  42 
= [12.5 × 10−5 ]1/ 3 = [125 × 10−6 ]1/ 3 = 5 × 10−2 m = 5 cm

µ 0 2M
(b) B1 = B2 =
4π r 3
B2 B

45°
B1
S N
r

4π × 10−7 2 × 525
. × 10−2
0.42 × 10−4 = ×
4π r3
10−7 × 2 × 525
. × 10−2
⇒ r 3=
0.42 × 10−4
2 × 525
⇒ r3 = × 10−5
42
∴ r = (25 × 10−5 )1/ 3 = 6.3 cm
(ii) Initial dipole moment,
15
Mi = . × 10−23 × 2 × 1024 = 4.5 JT −1
× 15
100
According to Curie’s law,
B
M = constant ×
T
Mf Bf Ti
= ×
Mi Bi Tf
0.98 42.
⇒ Mf = 4.5 × × [where, Mf = final dipole moment]
0.84 2 .8
= 7.875 JT −1
[initial magnetic field Bi = 0.84 T and final magnetic field Bf = 0.98 T]

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