มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม

มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม ม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม...

มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม มมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมม มมมมมมมมม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมม ม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม

มมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมม ม มมมม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม มมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมม

(Difference in Conceptions of variables among students with typical achievement, low

acheivement and mathematics learning disabilities)
บบบบ
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม ม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม

มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม มมมมมมมมมม 2551

(มมมมมมมมมมมม ม.ม.2560) มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม 1
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม 1
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม ม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
ิมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม ม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม

มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม ม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม มมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมม

มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม มมมมมมมมมม...

มมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมม ม มมมม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม มมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมม
1. มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมม มม มมมมมมมม (Francis J. Mueller, 1972:100) มมมมมมมม “มมมมมม มมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม”

มมมมมมม (Rougly, 1959 มมมมมมมมม Zalmal Usiskin, 1988: 9) มมมมมมมม “มมมมมม

มมมมมมม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมม”

มมมมม มม มมมมมมมม มมมมมม (Piyush C. Agrawal and Others, 1995: 45)

มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม “มมมมมม มมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม มมมม มมมมมมมม มมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม ม ”

มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
(2536: 2) มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม “มมมมมม มมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม มมมม มมมม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม”

มมมมม มมมมมมมม (2543: 24) มมมมมมมม “มมมมมม มมมมมมม

มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม”

Alan H Schoenfeld and Abraham Arcavi (1988: 421) มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม

“มมมมมม มมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม”

มมมมม keyword (มมมมม)

2. มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
2.1 มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
 2.2 มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
Usiskin มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม มมมมมม
(มมมมมมมมมมมมม)

2.3 มมมมมมมมมมมม
Kuchermann มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมม (มมมมมมมมมมมมม)

3. มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
3.1
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
Confrey (1990)
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
ม มมมม Nesher (1987)
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
VanLehn (1982 มม Confrey, 1990) มมม Brown and Burton (1978 มม Dickson et al., 1984)
มมมมมมมมมมมมมม 'bug'
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม มมมมมมมมมมมม Swan (1990)
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม 4 มมมมม
(มมมมมม มมมมม มมมมมม มมมมมมมมม)
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมม (มมมม Brown & Burton, 1978)
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม 1970
มมม 1980
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม

3.2 มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
 3.2.1 มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม

มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม Küchemann,
Rosnick มมม Booth

Russell มมมมมม (2009)

มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม (Clement, 1982; Schwartzman,
1996; Stacey & MacGregor, 1997)

มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมม McNeil มมมมมม (2010)
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม (มมมม 4c, 3b)
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมม (มมมม c มมมมมมม cake) มมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม

มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม Fujii
(2003)
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม x
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม Fujii (2003)
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มม ม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
MacGregor มมม Stacey (1997)
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม 5 + n
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม มมมม 5n
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม 'มมมมม'
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม(Hewitt, 2012; Sfard,
1991)

มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม h + 10 มมมมมมมมมมมม
h10 มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม h10, 4
× h มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม h4 (MacGregor & Stacey, 1997) MacGregor
มมม Stacey มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
“มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม” (1997, มมมม 17)

มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม ม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม MacGregor มมม Stacey (1997)
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมม (มมมม g มมมมมมม)
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม g
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม (MacGregor & Stacey, 1997; Rosnick, 1980; Stacey &
MacGregor, 1997) Blanton มมมมมม (2015)
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
“มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม” (มมมม 21–22) มมมมมมมมมม

MacGregor มมม Stacey (1997)

มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม a มมมม b
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม a = 28 + b
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม a มมม b
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม "a มมมมมมม 28 มมมมมมมมม b"

Christou มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม (Christou & Vosniadou, 2005; Christou มมมมมม,

2007)
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม 2 มมม 3
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม ม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม

3.2.2 มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมม Common error in Mathematic มมม Nicky Rushton
1.
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม มมมม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม 2a4 + 8ab
มมมมมมมม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
2.
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม มมมม มมมมมมมมมม 2y มมมมมมม 2 x y,
มมมมมมมมมมม y + y = y2, y x 6y = 7y
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม มมมม มมมมม w + z = wz
มมมม 15a + 32 = 47a
3. มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมม มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมม
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
มมมม 3a – 4b มมมมม a = 5.5 มมม b = 2 มมมมมมมม (3 + 5.5) – (4 + 2)
มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม 2.5

4. มมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมมม
5. มมมม