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Themanor
Themanor
The most common fief was a land holding called a manor. During the Middle Ages nine
families worked on a manor producing food to feed themselves and provide food for a
tenth family to do something else. (In the modern United States, the relationship
is perhaps 100 to 1 in the other direction.)
The lord of the manor (landlord) occupied the manor house or castle with his
family, servants, and retainers. Retainers were usually knights and professional
soldiers on hand to provide defense and be ready to fulfill any feudal military
obligations to a senior lord. The larger the manor, the greater the number of
retainers.
Farming technology gradually changed the lives of serfs as the Middle Ages
progressed. Food production increased and surpluses were sold, providing serfs with
the money to buy their freedom. By the end of the period, there were few serfs in
western Europe.