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    68 views42 pages

    Selected Essays - Lawrance Labadie

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    Greg Dotteril

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 42
    The Libertarian Broadsides Series No. I MAX STIRNER, The False Principle of Our Eduea- tion, or, Humanism and Realism, Inteoduction and ‘Annotations by James J. Martin. Aime ee Le uae nem ae Cet ace eae SELECTED ESSAYS stitution of No Authority; 2. A Letter to Thomas F. eee chO Re oe ee J. Martin. Ee eee nroon cvs tenets ene oe aun the gentnenes of thet eters and never nthe decades spoke o ‘rote a word denying tht oe reversing hwo a let fo me Teevtanly would novell vita etbhed that Tier hs as eaprested iis letter to Labatie she somite to THE SRECTATON published nine month earlior were favicon oF Tengen” Bot want oscesome eslene, ntl expressed sent ‘ment speculations, emotional convictions and ther ttl ht Kind ‘Whom yom tite istry yo deal St fl with fat: pad soureesanddbesnenty yon were not an coal pata, snd he Prime source out yoink that onc a edacomento sees isp, the fe of po tat ton you Yo dont ake Dainty soli a hose nase two be debited tear tht "Facer was pla ne on Wold Way Ones Bat my espct ad ade tun for him rat on what he abled log before thes Ioan ete dlvotd to thi inldot the space I tht it deserved ane sentence In the text anda fotote Condy yor, ies J. Matin Palmer Lake, Colorado, USA, January 16, i977 [There was a crushing response to Levit by the muck-respected Scholar of anarchist history, Pra Pal rich, in Peedom for Jenaary 21, 1977 which not only established the survival of Tucker's famous letter, not own atthe ine I wrote my section on Tucker in 19471048, Bait supplied mich addtional formation from sever other sees ‘even more explcly idontfying Tucker as an enthuse Aled part san during World War T, whatever may have been his onsidered Iidenent on the nates inthe ensuing decade, One col almost hear Entrance Labatt cling somewhere over the ste he had ence move created. Tucker’ famous associate, Steven T. Byington, worked ory {years ona translation ofthe Bible fora the orginal Hebrew and Greck, Tvs pulsed as The Bible Ling Engh (rook, N.Y, 193) nd inthis, the Book of Bedesastes, Chapter 1, Verse 8, the King Jerusalem, Kebeeth, quoted as declaring, “who ads to koowedge sald to pT LAURANCE LABADIE SELECTED ESSAYS Libertarian Broadsides, No. 7 With an Introduction and Appendices by JAMES J. MARTIN RALPH MYLES PUBLISHER, INC. COLORADO SPRINGS 1978 Prony unpubl mate copight, 198, ty Tah Mes Per Tae actin St Bk Nu STI ph Myles Pulaber,t. Calas Springs, Calor oH02 APPENDIX HL AN UN-PUBLISHED COMMUNICATION othe Biltors of FREEDOM. Treading the controversy in FREEDOM involving Irving Levitas and his allegations andgsertions about Benj, Ke Tucker an the ater elation to World War One, Isc inthe sae for Deo. 4, AUS that i ‘Med that | ave dosed Tucker as an Alled partisan and Francophile in 1015. Ths didon Gh bsiofthe sone materials had tower ih, not on what would have ed tohuve ound, Lande inused However by Levit heayychanded attempt ta reer the ate LLnwranceUabadie sn soppor ofhi opinions, andisalleged quotation of Catrance a descihinge unreliable’ onthe above subject, MEN AGAINST TIE STATE. Unlortunately, Levias hows about as ch sont Laurance 1 do shout ImtinoJogthe (Andis Lanrance mot Lawrence,” an is fitheras sins everest anythingbnt "jo," and there st the end of Hersy Boots name! Hf there ws one thing Lavan ‘enjoyed more than aythingelse twas comtrversy, andl fone dd nak ‘cour he was forever neti one in isis way, hough not Foray salicous reton. Latranee horited in his gy of « euemodacon, sd spoke ina eryplse way osasionlly of pottigon is a” Anyone ‘wth x decent acpintane wi his corespondence wil verily wat | Sty about Laurance’ joy at boing an agent prosocaour igniting a saument inet Laurance in Ann Arbor, Michigan 1945. Over the nest 30 years we cxchanged noe letters and telephone ells than eon ent, perhaps, and we bad scores of personal meetings and probaly spent Fundradsofbous lig and assay slut ll ane sng that time. We cllorated on a imber of projets, we shared several fsnfidences e helped sno» more ways than Ie reel it now; 1 ‘was a enetiary af his wil “And one thing T want to give him ore for i for steoring me to ‘eranan Kuehn INSTEAD OF A MAGAZINE in 195, where found the version o Tucker etter to his her which spears tn footnote 134 ‘nehapter Sof my book. Laurance a that tne as fumed me with a iemorandim which not only incorporated tha eter in fall ut also Include porting of second letter om Tucker tan named person {5 the USA which even more expt peed out his stand on WW 1 but which Tnever sed hecouse ¥ could not determine the addessoo Laurance mentinal he cmilarty of Tickers xtan to Kropotkn' sd sppended achariterealypessimisticenaaf isn. Acopy a this ‘enclosed, an Lasronce a long as Tew him vgorosly attest to fo then for sors a the Interest of Detrotand Michigan aor bt ‘ith character elfelsement dispatched a varie ge > Tee it for her "Atoes Ing was dhe one of the mort sincere frends the dla! smoverent fn ths county ever had She impoverished herel Int Interest, ad spent er lat score of years ving nthe most det of ‘creumtiances tins ny apartment on he edo ofthe waverly compe ‘Rretivd aldorae bother supplemented smal ay, hich wae _imntiedinmy presence many ine. Ina bookuidh he wrote ampli ing his expt nthe ek of lstry and Baan, he deletion fom the family fold war mentened and probably he woul have been perturbed to know how se spent her allowance, on ocasion, Bu hey fore on fendly terme to the st. Tomy knwlelge her last wishes hve aever Ben carried ou. Aan athotst she ino to sanction acre feral and the tpt remation, Thiswas done, buther ends ad been asked tater ane Snes theres pnd ideal and ited ae memoria service was ‘kd tna chapel inne ofthe university odinge. to send tmanabers by many mebers ofthe olf Spanish ne akan anarchist ‘roup fom Deteatwhobud known herfora longtime. Noalenpt as {Eade to clude thom when emarly were ae, ost a wih {Ed fa tbe the form of saa phi delivered by a fealty member aperaingnthe new hich sing om the est psn af “apried brat weshing sweeping Amerers campreet Is the inpeetin of several attending tht she would ave eit wht Sovsidat the exacedngy brie serve, Perhaps her ot tend, who Teverfel they hud gnythingtolos by ssc with hes, xn price omething move sUbtartialn the way ofa memorial a8 more apron Tate me {Mh sone emt wit stp in jamal Reiner, Va, No 1 (ons TH 1-13, 18S ered ete ei ™ CONTENTS Intration :ONOMICS Anarcies Applied to Heonomis, eamomics of Listy uflectons on Saco-ecanamie Evolution EDUCATION What Ie the Eduesional rable? ducation—What For? Regarding Man's Concern Wi Trt SOCIAL AND POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY ‘All the Worlds «Stage Consideration of Sone Basie Seco! Truths © Mats Thinking, Excorts From 3 Letter toa Friend Apropos Bunn Rights, PUBLIC AFFAIRS AND WORLD POLITICS Origin and Natre of Government War-What For? Feo Nowhare to the Garbage Heap, Comment on the Proposal of Some Modern Savions ADet “Avoiding the Menace of Atoms Wi What Is Man's Destiny? Append » tioned mot freely the numerous abscure modest persons whe beled boul the Collection with thet git f books, papers, pamphlets a eters ‘On ihe scologial font it was diffenlt to get her favlved._ An ‘opponent of Stalinist lon elore the toaittan Mera found fh Knable to be son ocr to remain elisile Ip the power true iin contest sestithalitle to say on the sie. The Caleeton Jhad suc Commonint mater and she had woe find in te Com ‘mnt Pasty, but like -P. Maximo be laked upon political Mary {at the elate sn reacton. Hex diilason with the Soviet dear ban inthe early 20 during the exceutions among the won- Bole Je, She aveed that theve was cha avi cold war atk fo he Tooke of eanverted Stlinite when Eutioa Goldin and Alexnlar Berkman song other, had ait subst the sano and better teary twenty-Bve years before, nly tobe smeared outrages by nay of tse sane fle trying to brs ell evidences of previous Solin hand heli ‘Agnes Inglis wa simply uninterested (any scheme to produce heaven eaeth trough exections, even tiavelved only one exec tion vom he point of view the sca ls of siakind didnot lend thenselves to cures brah about by dosage with concentration camp Totty and lea luge Privately sho believed that he od order ab Iourgial soley way toch ease to ve uier Ya dhe most bright sered bureaerati stat capitis talitaranisn but shebaedd ot ‘no ogets Co any kd of state qu. Sho had no Fath én polities ‘Benwersey and ono believe she ever voted for anybody. Was he? Dele that tho central eonsntoes of piel pastes spy Freed thelr selectins upon the mass electorate, nd she doubted tall tines the possibilty of ascertaining virtue by coating noses, Likewise she wat ‘ompletely unmoved bythe pattder of othodoa liberalism, since she Sra ofthe opinion tha the bora bad killed off Mera yeare before Miss Ings interest inthe bor movement was genuine, and Wer contsls with the union pss and its educational departients were "stenive, After the nation entered Worl War 1 he dowty heeae temvinced thatthe big unions with the olgarchial leaderdip ste tires Were so intimately involve War polis tht for all pacal ‘purposes they had fecome merely the industrial arm ofthe tte, she Fejoeed tal vilatone ofthe wartime "wo ste pledge,” and tak Tear at anything which indicted ive nterest by he labor rank ad He inthe conditions fthel ie. Neal everyone in the sb wanes ‘aan knew of her work, and she once received watering al 8 ‘esteemed epeclly the land yelormers sch as Thomas Skidmore, ond toatleser degree, Geonge Henry Beans. Othe favorites fom this era Included Goan, Jovsh Warren and Joi Francs Bray, theo Engle felormer who lived mos of his fe sn Michizan, about hom she was sword thority. he abor-for-shor Sdeor of Warren long impressed Ter, at did some of the menke of Ktopothin, empocally Mute! Add thick complsnted the vst htertie In he Collection esting wit ‘he home cominnntara experiments native toes entry. The ‘wopertiv eachange al labor prods of pple ving ose to te and ‘wos probably her deal sical order. She never scored To tive ofthe Ascasson ofthe land problem, shape the moat impressive intellect she encountered athe ada movement vn Benjamin R Tucker; most highly prized posession af the Collection was neatly fll run of Tucker's celebrated gnateist Duper Liberty. But the French, Spanish ai Taian anarchist setions trore jos wel id ot. The publications of the FAL, CNT and POUM she amarsed made the Labalie Collection the work's oustand fg depostory of materials dating wth the radical non Stal side of ‘he Spanish Ciel War. A few step though the aller of the Caleton Aisdosedliratiye ofall pen, Hebrew language anarchist and labor pipers, Chines translations of Keopotki, Hind tassios of several Important rial treatises, Swedish, Narwegtan, Hungarian ad Fi tishsyndicalist papers, # ge section devoted to German radial ‘ertingr and a even bigger one in Rsssn. Lae Bl of aber ne papers of al type led many shelves a wel "The gro she lew het from person experienceanulone she never eased talking sbont was the Fadstial Workers of the World She fevelled in the humor of dir revolutionary songe andthe verbiage tipped news columns of te Industria! Worker One of her Evert: Hotes wae an mectte connected with vist paid ber by the ite Patrick). ead, veteran ofthe Spaiah Cio Warfighting end an eign {tthe TWW paper wove fennse was marked by bat she tosh were the highest standards the pqper ever reached! Read and two peter ‘compatriots ste slg the Collection one day a insisted on eating thet hat side the bung al dy, tothe discov of sever Read insted, she sid ut selina on "bongo sito Pat Head was one a several perms who made sipiientcontTtions jes personal auaintnge, thick file of letorerevels apart riot af ‘names an it woul be nfo ank then nan eatintef gmc Ema, th labor orgmizer Sed Bea, Hipplyte Havel, Jobn Nichols Bef, Cari Nola of course, vepostedty, fo Labatic, these names cansanly entered her caverta But fo the mas part she men INTRODUCTION “LARRY”: A REMINISCENCE OF LAURANCELABADI SOME NECESSARY ADDITIONAL. COMMENTS ABOUT OUN MUTUAL FRIEND, AGNES INGLIS The death of Laurance Laodoon August 12, 1975, ne TH yea removed from the cee the las dre lik to Benjia Te Tce, ne mounted to the vet closure snd the lst episode inthe soso: ‘conomicinpalse whic became known ip the carly decades of tne 20 ‘ontury as" Mutual.” Ths blendingf the Meat of Josiah Wares, J Frovdhon, Wiliam B. Groone, and Tucker, along with perphox) contributions fxn Stephen Pea Andrew, Ezy evo at aii tonal embellments of ethers less wi non, sr soe ec ated nthe 1027 Vanguard editions What te Mutual sod Prowdhion's Sion ofthe Socal Problem, by Clarence Lee Swartz end Henry Cohen, respectively. From the erly 180s Lasrance tai ‘wae the moet pied expan this coogi tradition, his arti lateness boing commended by Tucker hinsel, ina dedication to a photograph he presented to Laurance date September 8, 186, “Lautance ss born in Detain June, 188. His ther was Josh A. Labadhe acelebrated gure in Detroit bor and adil aces, an lst iflong asta of Tucker, and founder ofthe fae oletion fof printed and manasript materials which has been house the Lthary of the Univers of Micki unde bis mae for over bo ‘neralions. Thefinily descended from ard Freeh and Todi stor ‘hich bad sete jn the Great Lakes tog see the 7th eenary pBenotration ofthe area by the faed trappers sed coureurs de ols ‘The Inan bod In dhe family undoubtedly had become extremly tenuate by Ltrs’ me, bt It an paral ancestry whieh he Continaly refered fo with pide, and anafoubtedly romanticized ‘hile doings, However # remember sponding tne om several vx ‘Sons examina Wick allan of antonk photograph ofthe iy, roti the reappearance generation aller generation of short, stk ‘men, some wi rather pronounce Indian plysogromy. In an ese TEzorance was proud of both these ancestral stains, ‘probably ca: pasta oh a time passed osse he was the st ofthe ine and Sole survivor bearing the Labadie name. His only living velative 9 ‘artied nice, daughter of one of histo itor Lavage wes the set ssa selftavght and atllectually set Aisdplined povson Thive evermet He earned tothinkand wits over long evi of lonely yrs, pefesting his syle and sills tn solitary sty His teasers valerate were Tucker and the aly of writers in Tucker’ joa, Liberty (881-1918) Prowdhon, Ware ud ‘stantial eave of abseare and mainly npublihed controversial ‘with who be caresponded or patio ccanoml themes (40 years. But Tuckey was his primary model, and he compaed fvorably Tcker in elaty of expression several mes Tauce a letter eiter develop the est encely logical and prechestle Thaveverecad,withan excuptiona econoeny of words and hsoneoof extancons pun Bot thr characerted ls other weling ‘swell along steng of essays, very few of which were ever pb Tied. Ashe obsrved to mein i eter of May 28, 191, “Clear and simple wring is the most dial, onl for de yeason that ear an "ple thinking i 9 rare, and bafing via neblousness so easy.” A "elatel omarh, whic heard fo im several es, was, "When yo in deeper water vou mse bigger sods ie gular thing abot Laurance ws that he was nota profesional weiter oran academically rned itll his oral edation had Inely taken bint high schon, fous wich De thought he had providentallyssespod (ven though secondary schools were fori ‘ie 85 vests ago compared to what they are now) Unrelated even emote tothe pedageal word ftalland print, he was essentially a Shilled worker, one ofthe very fis rash tol makers Deo fr Years, wih an accltion of tead sls which ne’ bi the Fepuitaton of pine craftsmanship 0 anyhing he undrtoo. To ap predate the quality eacllence of his work one most take fo onsideration some ofthe dificnltes wer which men worked in the 1920s and erly 1930s, before the electronic revolt, shen te cyeballedtolermees of en thousandth ofan inch Among his alent ‘sere all he building rads: the rebuilding of much ofthe property be ‘ecupied for 25 yoare a Sila, NY. (abut which more ter) de ‘onstrated that. His shop a these premises was a model of compact, Toga onion, ewe ater he ad heoome very earles abut bit peru alse and habits, Hore be preserved some examples of bis toatamang prowess, wh can only be described as enquste akin ol is, Lawennce lean to se ype and to operate | somal job press, inert fom is fhe, whl Ua ler ad wet for several decades in pH bis cw stall Iorty achievements Including «srt da of vers, ive sometimes in remarkable ite ‘ions fen priate on Ase reeoes ideo wallpaper. Thi raion of ellpulcaton Latrance carried om for years, al stew of tall ‘work ise fp the basement of 2906 Bnchanan Street, pasty $e Ton fonts of in type by ha, ocked wp and rn eon snl ck, wells estes for information onlmot every fet fhe Tati and lberatan movement: Her memory wast aed Ign toyivent only the very lt few weeks, Debiated dg she ‘eur by tage and a dabei condition, her mental pres dot Ucterate twa the opin fa fow wh spon extended period of tin ate ete than ting tht se had ogoten mae at he ‘ata movement thn most of the alleged apts nl aarti Kew ‘exe she spent, monly in an wupatd capacity, dhe better pact of ‘way yeas orally expedite prin af ber knowledge ot thosutject mater wth wind the Colaction wes enced. Her own money went of ey aent for sebepttons ta cbc palin Sovul Lids, and exh of varying denominations ten secompaniod iter tol rai end wa had ssn the ey da hr and sree aw lvog in precios creometancer, Cire of anche of Fs lan sand Spanish origin ocame ber fends a Chios, Detroit, Rov and Now York Toward th el she started ecg ‘nore ml en Calforni, contemporaries ended tolscate heen “The cllction became some for the materia fa cnsierile snmborof clogs fr wh Aes Ig did ot expla, But She metiulcnly preserved and moe everthing that eae, Sh sed ‘natverl occasion tht she hoped that ts very woul emtone, that no doce fit af mates to ake cone oom ‘ons narrow vw a teletl put) wold take place, The asa Stougatreak of scotimentiy nthe tote ofthe Calton, how tor, Many thing wich were howe thre wore quite et pce ‘Numero books and pemphcs olmowation othe Bld oval and Inboritentore whatever wer kept there simply Bocuse ey bad ones ‘bento penal possessonof ae! donor Thiswavaator wich sworsbjct a ol nto bickering between ws forse ive, and ‘iostempt war ade a bing he “dpe” to any pote ocaion donot knoe anyone wt ever fie ot Agnes Ingles ploy. Langcntat with he spectrom beri abor “eager iva Predored toward lostal shang, i Teattomad the pero ieee, ise found ther Bole too Contrary hrs. One sll tor antl at a soil situa ‘Svaed an underdog Dr sympa waa with hi. Her loyaly wrllcepered among # srg number af Kody gentle pople who “Rroateduwido vat fvon-velent obo tomas conic Sal soca problems Of tho ater day gop abe pied very gy & ‘Somborne and sydney bot ere wore atongaeton ier Re lets of the nineteenth centary i her aap She a silence feqmently afer an ions vemich or two about the “postwar planing andthe olden pont war future of the prolessionsl publi fins, ler cullack onthe tmmedite future became more nd more Onell, tlhing from time to time of our “Racsanestion” in ont ‘Alors toward impeding the Soviet Union. ike her aecasonal orree pondent Steven T- Byington, a contemporary, and former cose se cite ofthe Arericn anarchist Benjani Toker, she bie the tole Wester world eae about to erswl under a Blanket of to Talturanisn and enjoy eillosionary wserth fran tele period of The om of Harding Coolidge normalcy was atilitic i tat i provided none athe heady exeitement of partcpating in the cents rowing ot ofthe wantin tensions. There were no fights frm rad Sich a when the student radials in Aum Arbor invited the anarchist ‘chic Jon Bevery Robson to speak under private spies, oF the memorable occasions which fentared apearinees of personales ‘cha mia Goldman, Theexigencies of ar settee the gp, sd the twenties we spot in gathering up the frayed end. This was the tine her mutneros contacts with working people and radial intellect tls blossomed into permanent friendships. The freedom a Eainaraderie experienced a proletarian pienies and gatherings during this time pesienty sealed her off fom pre-war days. She often told ‘nthe thistimeon she never yin med ten the company tthe bourgenis” Bal in the deca she fit got to now Jo ata tnd became quent visitor at his home. Ths ed tg er ibvducion tos famous labor and rade Mbrary. substantial seesnoltion of ‘alo which hal en nthe posession of the University of Michigan Since 1911. From the bate 208 on, it became pratelly her major Toterst nif. She gradually dented herself with ito sucha degree that tscatesndineedsengrosed ier energies almost allthe tne nd an tpprecablopartefheemenneaevell.Terainly shold shareher namie rome dy: ‘Constant correspondence in effrs at promtng donations Uo it re solted iam amaciigresponse. Dupliate copies ofpbliations wit anywhere eb, sul seaee pesodical nn unknown to the standard tion lists of sera publetions, beeame ot uncommon With ber rowing network of contacts and frends and aed by sympathetic brary superior, the shelves of the space ergy provided for the Colleton soon evertowed, But ruck of the material wae at best oly Paty else. No ane ever learned to ise the pecliar earl stag he devi. ad brian tained in the orthodox manner shook thet heads in confson at the system af dasiication. But eontnations and ‘nal fm a zen oF move contest crossed her desk na sng 70 Drinking pres. The fest thee essays in this collection wore st por ‘Suced inthe manner. In the course of becoming acquainted i Ms father's Moray, tht part of which had not boon despatched to Ant Arbor, Laurance not only learned witng ese and his ther iste Sthiovements a pnt and publisher, but served as «preserve of several f the ial works ofthe indvinlst-anarchist aan ing Tack tothe erly 10h contory; his eons Tucker ad Job Bae were especialy praeworthy Bt all this wae what Latance Labadie did in hie spare time. He joined the labor foe during the Fst World War, and began substan tal sti inthe automotive industry with nob at the old Caninentat Motors oat om Fast Jefferson Avenue ia Dott in 1918. He sub. seaquently worked ss well for Stodebaker, Ford and Cheat, in the latter becoming part of tho tar of advanced experiential mechanical whe worked closely with the designers, during the easy 1 Laurance changed jobs Irequenty, and tleated ile stupidity fon foremen oe aher superies Tt wae ironical dhogh he pet 0 anny years working in the aoentie indy, he never Tamed how to deve acar (twat boeved that Ticker never ven rae fn one) Laurance worked n'a numberof shops during the Second World War, sived is money, andthereaflerwaynever agin omployed {a wrk involving his prmary competence Much of my persons con tact with him secuce nthe flowing ve yes, daring wich ne | ‘wae pursing graduate dogs or teaching at the University of Mic sn. Theistic! met Laurance, heesineoat to Aun Arboronabs, se wwe converse fora goodly span af mein the south eater of the Michigan Unlon, where woe of oar converatans inthe ae 10s ook place, Te ke te enzonment, with ts sem-daknessand ts masive ‘ak bles carved with the nial a generations f students, and radi Inga vather formidable atmosphere of respect for tradition, Here one rarely was heard ors is vote, a there were days when there was tore gene intellect trea its tales than Ue Univers Combined clasmoms. Laurance loved cae, and aceasonll aed thot another cllcetover, Joba Bil Baral, editor of fos journal ofthe Tucker er, The Eagle ana the Serpent, (Henry Meulen, Mhceditoris Londonaf The ndetdualis, probably the oly organ in he sword advocating monetary tear close to thote of the Prowdhon- ‘Tucker Labi sort once tld story oflsing toch with Baril fer years of contac, and then getting cryptic posteard rom him, fom Detvoithosptl, which sinply sal, “Dear Moun: elle i he dvi Yours, Bahl ‘Lanrance hal hoon aowted about me by Agnes Ings, the curator of 7 the collection of mato Howse in the general brary on camps whichbore the mtn efron. My sitained bierowingsod nals questions apparent dca tht twa eros at a thong Laurance wat somevhat wary om our Hest contact, lng 46 ttntted with itanter whom princpalchracterte was the iy {rina god opie or subject. Tid not tke ng to convince bin Tan tot folingand dhenefort we mel egal nthe Colleton, "as ‘ale inthe Union, and on cceson at his home in tr Buchanan Stet. His home was easy to reach by bus rm Ann Arbor (nero tothe Det terial on Grn Rver Avenue then tok ‘he Gran River loc ut to Buchanan, gt off nd walle ie blocks it Ith Sten, #2906 aso the comer vanes personal brary was formal, dplating many things sw the depository in Ann Arbor, but ade more reahable Dy hs Sroponve evens Bex ve ats we wor Ting ‘he cokingwhile anrance rend to me fem copia is ters ne teeny Cao, Gold O'Day orb. Nice and tany hers ho ‘beamcemibed inthe ec intcrminahlematcngenpecsly a tmanclry ies. It was dis correspondence which frst sale me a preiate is Bree pursuit of loge and proved expression which {esate more clear thnkingand soalht writing Rave encoun Tete fom anyone ese but Tucker over the your But we ievuby gravitated tothe Colleton,” a most people who lew ft ally rl ot The marco Laurance’ fer "wae allover bt had grown eorex he more than oar decades Since is orignal eration, nally asa consequence tha Urles bors 2nd atonndshelockvotan to Augen His craton her dea 1. Tir and Ages were thot and vial the only enthasiio spprters and forthe wrt poet which eventually appeared as ‘Men Ages! he Sit, the ve yaars betweon the compton ofits fist dna it pion, Lavra al forthe inca {he late sping of 108, and woe ne on June 28 hat yea, dot ‘sheteranjonevall ever doabetterjob o the subject you've che Dngnes wut bisa gtsan of ho erp that ad scltSomdous, but war vat boa to have sich ungualifed sipert ‘fom people who ne somuch abot the jc a these, and no perl ow aad own sever of hone ring thet Droidedat tonesa Wind of coro fling of hv ngsen ly fo the start a6 wel afocting which was mvc expand afer « Trromh redenns ef revend wont Nw Haren, aa, tod anashor liter ona Brentwood, Long Ilan Taraneh se partsofthe ft hos haprs ea wih Js 5 pint. Iisacoincdence dat nthe summer a1, daring hee ie father energjes, ane ofthe lat pereane wham she was able to help ost ‘ith nfnnation was Ms. Pankhurst’ Richard, wows engaged ‘study ofthe ninctoenth century English die Willa Thompson, Tt {sprobubly beens of his mpressvenitation thatthe “woman move tent” entlled her ava permanent partpant. She fave up alan erly Alte the notion tht acquiring the vote want the end a seal dscns ton, but fesnine equality was a matters ook up a a e-te ‘Offa grater sgicance in dating the dretion of her Iter lial oarney masa prevwermectng with Enna Gokdnian, which the clien sted was ber Bra conict with the radical eiement A testimony to the Lasting impresion of this mocting i shea of a Inara or tore lelters fo Brn wich were hoe i the Coles tion long ago. Its hecaone of Ci and ray sar depot ‘correspondence fils of Anges Inglis are part al the most vaasble ‘ators sscmbled there. raed in tare letters own sost al the Fatealsfnote dhe word around, whore creer are spanned bythe bw ‘wordl wars ‘They disout he todnweal napects td the ideological Content of radia teratreand pletion tn bal the eos of he ‘wot a well sa wealth of personalities of the most comprehensive bder: Nome omy mind wha has ever ose the Collection or esearch Is filo to leave 1 impresses Tos Hs rempoce ‘Asa resident of Pett an Aan Arbor, her sei participation in socio obit contoversy ding and after the fiat Work War at ‘nucte much atetion from eens und Saily members, Ulipately it Vol toasubstantal depots fem both. Her efron behalf politcal Dpnsoners, members dhe AWW, stray lions ad frends radials od ‘thers unrtantoand unlucky cnongh tara head onto the eatin felesed by the conorty dives atenting the phnge ofthe U.S.A Ino the fighting. re wellknown. ‘They need tle comment here. The penomeshehelpedareher bes memoria Butielieam her the repite ‘fara ames the police, and she rernined one the rest of her hie ‘She aften deveribed the stormy days of 1917-1991, raaling dhe a tivities a thea “aiany” il high lation nd without particle ‘of regret, She never understood the secon war with its diferent sd tnuch moresnobirusive and ecient prorat or sbsorbingand anaes Acting rails ed deviaes Gm occepted avenues of exproslon, She spent the scond war period ina onessy walling, convinced that ‘wewerebooomin more snd more like theonoy wewerelighting and took heaton frm the ocasonal poop of news which managed tosh ft eonerning tho sellering of wat objectors the world around. OF postvar politics she teed rapidly, and would Lpse into prolonged o the old Detot workensanareist Joseph A. Labadie fo the best Tennen an probably the most comprehensive collection of pote and ‘wten propaginds of the radical movement anywhere "Toa few ofthe thousands of students fucesunily eroeing the camps lagna ofthe University of Michigan she wav sightly-bult stoped fold fay wth devqly lined face and Kind own eyes who dessed longroutatste clothing squint hats ad shapeless shoes, employed some obscure capi in the huge general brary. Bat with th excep ton ofa handle graduate stents eating on themes dealing with lnhor or soil histor. hardly anyone lve herascurator ofthe Labadie Colleton hikden aay inthe top ofthe bokstack aren The materials Inthe Collection da not create ad aces to the area self ws not ‘enralyavalale, factors whch tend ofvor ts cbseurty and that the prnspal person connoctedwithit. Nord she fal that it shoud ave been otherrise It lan acest when ate encounters a pers ‘who enjoyed the quot of anonymity as uch, orwho thrived ata labor so Tite noticed, commended or rewnled, ‘Asan aoquaintance af ers for ten years anda close associat or the last si years of herbie, twas my good fortane to bein almost daly contact wither for monte ata tie. The impressions gathered over thisperadoftime makesacomplex pcre ofa persin wb ootadited the usual serotype ofthe sacl proces of aig as Agnes Fs grew folder, she pew move radical In fc, her exreme stands om enn, politics sd rlghm rowed dower eine scl aeasitancen mong the appreiensively convention, with who she wae Plc by ‘@naumstances to the point of elninaton Tnseores of lng conversations never fond ernest in talking Soca the ealy years her Me aa fantery existence. spent within the ensonnentl aos of pate cho edo, confab ‘means, Preshyterianism, and the tie stop-gap soll work endeavors sociated with them She often remarked wbimscally tat the Ue Spent in humanitarian activites tn the Frain Setlement House tn Dero snd Hl House in Chega was dessa as "dognodis” by completly unrestricted rae ret, but sho was inlined Co Tengh a bit aboot the matter and Tet It pas. Although rensnseing ‘ocesionaly ofthe loneliness al desolton asa young gl egret ad ‘eose wer sas Enver hn ha dg “Agnes Ing potion I the Bed f uteunventioal thought and Iuchavior was bound at hth cud by the English suliagette Syhia Panne. In 1910 they met at sort luncheon in Ana Ashor whi procededaspeikingengagementforthelatterintown. Agnes remarked ome thatthe il did appreciate her, but twas quite an event oe sme." Hor gralalestemaement Ii mil elass entity began at is 6 Warronin 147, andr spet san tine correspondence nd conser ‘ation sat Warren's de nd aie He reared hat ater ba ‘ported on ny findings t New Rarony tht be bd leumed move ‘Sent Wasa om ne han al eed mb, ets tock to ieee thet tallsboutenewed ou. And omebutingo or dass ‘hem yas i Callen gc responed th the mean nergy teenage to car emgung cman i hs lonsnegleted sy ‘pues Lancs both ved “Aggie,” ax wo smetines alld tet but gu company oly (When prope stated cling a fnee"Lany"l dtm but tater he ad et Michigan Aas over tle a hin a ay tine nay wy enc“ yon ever the who Kew hin inthe 10s hy Megan id the Same. Though hi ther had been Knoun by nen ll by he ftion Se "j" aegis sm at Lanry” swage sc ne ssa to cain Taker Donny) Bat as to Agnes, th of our terol, inverted, rprested and emeaprssed ye, showed our ‘Mecho dr te tatead of woes poe thee war nen tier afer would have ere uth sot a ay ern todothings for took her ney eight years to call oe by the aria name edb ily cay wn ater eral hing thore was abaya parte eptin reserve Laurance ha kn es foe many years lore I made her nests, in 108. ‘We octal went tolunc ogter ne Michigan Leng, nd {tthe steps the ain Hoary wor wale ae he stan, butony wwe had pel the cachoronsspts to docthenvis ‘tod have bua eat ta she was longo npendent od “cpable often of hers, even when appanching 8. To! a important tober. Lean members condense secession of Stay ‘ght vegotarancllatone inher apartment neat the Up Tetening to her recall annt and act dys ander ps recallotions of Em Caldman, Hipp Have, ebm Beverley Mobiouin and many oer, tong aerial mist proceso ‘elt nolan, ative in ada cds se Work War I ae ‘nore pole tht wk thant ters ven sua abo (Te mea salon sly he sume sea col coke vegrtables rope ily os oferos, brdpled es anda dene dak wha bread tout and chery jim, and te, ase to apt er iy abost hor veqetarian convictions sgt ling svat cat an she ach [elf shed bred by weesteather shoe. Hnd ete {nthe plate retin she might have been acto exciow even leather tear nenjoy te stig se: Bathe wa ant ier eft ber ay pala tem forthe same reson nya 5 lig ania for fod: she was against any an all pba soltions shige by murer even tach ago waste chive by jut oe Tinatletter she wrote on the evening of Octber 28, 151 (a Sunday, and probably the vesul of thing abont ose Sunday night tal els ifthe pat), sh vemarked, “om Sl-neay-and fal and dnt work have worked, but itmakes everything ll ight. My Mes ul” By dad line Lari had relat af Slr a wan mothe Wenever bad anther gatheringin A Arbor; Agnes Ing dd here sary 29, 1952 Perhaps the mos! pain plow of writing ever had to put togetber was an bitural reclletion I wrote about her for David T, Wieck ‘ccasional oul Rerlance. Ina routine physi examination wort le before, se was dicavered to havea mil dabete canton, xd probably was worse ta death by the news, She wate me repestely Tow derma 4tto be to have to vis the huge University Dum tn the fostngtst sh had en del ih he place ffaisre. My memoir was nt publ he August, 195) sue ofthe ound, and Laurance didnot comment omit ann lettr ‘October 20 ofthat year. With cacti eigned detaeat be wrote, Tread your arti on Ages ‘Wieek kel tH wre i ht dent wre theo person I knowof who was ablotowriteanythingabont Tne As this fection wae taking Shap, wae reed that ts fenlite project needed this tibute to her fn mo, to road i Ost propedy, adie reprinted here aca ape, fr the iret te fn a {quarter aa century But fr some years Eons ad Fomine 1 Speak of her as though she war stl arn, “The Callecton” was onething we talked about to the very cd, even dg mit wh Tin at Suffer in November, 1925. Most of hie Mary went therein ie, ‘An atl caionship with Laurance Labo was an education init: Converatoally ria correspondence, he woul eat you alive atthe Ktet sgn of wavering of inlligeeThe tejusetion against Tolorting ors was somathinghe took very seriously, One ol the surest ‘es fora allack of the pid, many ft, wasn tae wih avr. Ava writer, his npreteutons, stepped down, othe pnt tiple which ‘Teker probably maak have Boon delighted to peat in erty decsdes belt, was tot moaned by seademe bllegab al he sealing reselling fou the fener stad prays inded by the Trg object” divsse of ie! eaten, tracted from tag Inthe sphistieatd cones of opinions hind the technical de feof sulted lots oF diergageent atic ba always developed hiseconeni and puto seca eas 10 1984" Remmi of Libr and Reflections on In compored ad ie pba 8 Mog Set of apes tering terpteat cana niin) bl ssn the es {how lak tnt ac wide oat tsar sed ath hess ‘Sty ey acetate When atest the epoxide ey mene lee could tot remanent thot he ty hae dane hen fate ‘uit ean, What ete Etuatna! ran? om teri ‘oped omnasrin oy, dae Nevembor 1038: Baste What Borat bun tye the pe manana, ined sedated Newer 1th epuiing M's Conor Wh Tra re the ral pel na thi ied ad tod November, 1S. “Al he Worl Stages no ep athe pe ered ated May 2 1959. Conse lino Some Base Soto Truth fe» aon copy af the ype ‘iia pn and dated rch 5,18 In hg front oe a et Pied he My 101 ine of he na Iabrtarton i Banas On Min teakng on the ral ped anes, sed wo diel De toes 3 MDs om Desf ie pape ema hls itr wen coy te peor and ed Ap 1, To ‘Onin ond Not of Goverment i ep rm Balanced Ltn, Va 1D Nor eruny 1959p tb. Ware Whe For af eatnepy o Ttypedergnl ued tuted rom itemavidenet aes tose Ion id tsb the stat of Word War Im Nowhere othe (Care Hegp som a aon oy othe type ong ied se te uy 185" Cnet onthe rapa of Some Maden Seiors About Leading the Moar of toate Wor hom nineagoehel ston of ‘speomien copy signed an tl Ap 8, 180" What i Ma Destiny? reduce fm he ogi versa pubis a the four of Honan ‘tne (Wibertne, Obi), Forth Gate, 10, pp 131 APPE DIX T AGNBS INGLIS: RECOLLECTIONS & IMPRESSIONS by James J. Matin The death of Agnes A. Inglis on January 29 1962, in Ann Arbor, Michigan removing from the scone anor af the few remain oe sssnging independent rately of tho pre-Workl War One erat this Santry. A rune of her carer n conventional itary fortis wm ‘oessty for the considerable number of radicals an Mbertarans all ‘ver the word who came ta know beri one way orater. Hr pesto, In her eighty-scoond year, deprived thany Uhee people of thelr only common contact, iereparae lus to the. But more than tha, Fished the work of tho moat ndetigae collector of dhe printed sd ‘Jocumentiry material ho radio movement anywhere he werd Inthe procers of score of working years she developed thecore Hay a alam, in making ving professing to remedy these evi, they inet tlycome tohaveavested interest intheirexstence. Governments and {he mitary purport to protec the publi om enemies, and i there tore no enemies they woold have to fnvent some, for tho simple Prnpose of rationalizing thelr existence. Lawyers trie on conten tndwint canbe more welcome than social wrnol promising foes Physicians tive una nes, what would they do Hf everyone shold osm eat? The stress and stra the at ace becomes Honanaa fora lasso opportunist called payehologite snl psycho therapists Plt pounders and mori fr reve thrive on hand Tears, and they too must throw up hopes and fears for wich hey wl fer srcease The “health, vation, and welfure™ section of government is anodier boondoade. Fist we manufacture indigent and supertuons ‘eopl by legal monopole Inland money and Hea ates, erecting {anf tuners to protest monopoles frm foreign ompetion and {axing laborers obi rh ers opted manutrs Then we crest socal workers ete. tare fr them and thereby crash a slkagravting and praia sttonlized phenome. Tle invasion of Vietnam hy We U.S. government ancter boon dog, hich ot only rails the existence ofa large litany tachment, but ko crates vork for an excoedingy age wa ute distor what Eiger called tho militants complex. "Te operate forces now in existe enscn eral tendency inthe rare of one-way nrc the moe here bose the process haalynderatoad even by the people who ostensibly "veaage” ‘Everyone akngin someoncelse's washingina gute a-vork pect "There ate! lett x balf dozen major forces now opertve al {ending fn the same direction, with very few countervaling tetluences~and that croton is livin, Toth comes to everyone, ‘What rel diference does it make Ht comes sites instead af conseetvely, fara the nla concerned ‘tis wslongeraqieton of choosing a grod or betray, bua weston of whether fe on earth sil contin. ‘Shice the biman race wl nt abo governmental, governmen- tall wil abolish burn rao. Bibliographia Note Anarchio Appi to Beans wa epoced theo ein, compan stl peated bythe nao th sda «sale Set mated sock, sed sn ang he plein place snd date “etry clatered with theological constructs such as “natal rights, Satur “abjectve moray and tho Hk «rg art these and relied ideas stemming fram a power postion ated by het rpowent, ad ately onamenable to any Kind of prot, tthe case rth al clighas asertions, « reumsanee which acon forthe interminable aun which al such positions encourage ad fr the severnding contuacinmess wich ahs tends the contentions (hat rest. (cater arational nd eutabe bertaran fer cannot bhestractred without recourse to relia prope, dhe the ld night juss well be abandoned tothe rationalists andthe dtd that a ‘world ungoverne by spooks isan ute inponity "he penis ot {conomies are rene nteolosalpostoes the ears expres fone avers “errors” ts done i anguage eniniscent of eeligos bromides of the erly 17th centr an fell theses concerning ely exon bien the future or a dense ystems hich aveneverscen the light fy norarc ely ever todasoure aca ‘sthaleat comparable otha which tended th controversies aly Christin over the nature of Transstntaton) ‘Ofall he areas of economic they, Lavranee referred 1 expand ‘pon money. After Warren, snd especially Pron and Tucker, he fespected ony two modern mney theorist, Mg Bilgram wd Wiege.Bilan's The Couseof Busnes Depressions (New York: 113. reprinted, Boma, Idi 1950) and Rigs Free Enlonprae Money {Sew York, 194) ere the only works he ever esonmented Me 9 real He knew Riegel personaly ad Hho eth hi the best er Bilan, nevertheless he and Rice! engaged in sane cote pondenceoncr pots the late’ ok whi weteconaldeved un Sear THis interesting that one ofthe two pritepal mosern sors ofthe “Asiana of economic theory, Fedreh Hayek, fas now cone aroun 104 vaiot of the proposal these and other pve money ponents in the pat to re may ofisallowers, longest the dogias of tho gilt soar (An excelent sary of Hayek | Denetlmalcation of Money wns monde by the veter Ubertrta comniat Prof. Ost W. Cooley, ied “Nobel Peae Winner Woukd ‘rates Money fn Colorado springy Casette Telegraph, Apr 2, 107m, p28) taco, the extend antetatit poaon ftom Waren and Prondbon tothe present fs inetiaby ted ito the Sateen the ean aeompeting money systems and he rl tion af mateipice contol over money, eri an interest ates. Tels Bull oo strong meine fis most ‘ibrar pert dogged dlvoton to the gold standard wich essential rma for erent Wend of Statewontcled mony, ron in callson between iy Statefinance ministers and the major holders f gol, tyingeurreney toa sid pice ced by agreement, and made invulnerable to the fee trade {i gold aud consequent Sroquont periodic wdjustments inthe light of ating aod prices, by fore, That this Fosultsina money system not ‘nich diferent in total effet from existingfat money system avis, ‘ys Prof Cooley, “Oe della ody, im fat, tore truly a red ‘lola han the gil tna dalla a ie pst] was.” "The owt a the morlorn State sest hat a riso-guk staan dlr won pe vee an even woree situation than the uow-lashionable Slate ‘manipolted latunce of unscared paper steed to many of Laraness monologues on mney dheoy, sme of them even for some tine 0 the telepone, only colelbutig my ‘pproada the end, whieh was usualy espresso tn hese deca ton that “Money something that wi someting, forsahich was ‘eprachel far gleting the uncton af mmaneyasustooa vai” ad “ncentrating ony on ts Fintona" medi of exchange.” But he mitted that mine vas surely the cancer ofthe overwbeling an ty ofthe people in the wold. (A vecet promatoal piece dst bby venerable Investment brokerage house In Colorado states fc {Matafevery100persne who reach The age of inthe USA, Sa them "fa broke,") Perhaps Fhecame to nach fa ‘Stimert’ for Laurance. He never ‘ame to rms with Tucker's abandonment of ecanomie and Branca aya fr Sines, selma tro treat the station ae which Tucker's views and enthasinsms etre 1581 and 101 were all That one needed ogo. My smile wang terest ia cenmomie a ‘many theory caged much ofthe rate fone comnnietons as 1 tray moved tothe Paci Cast fora dea a Laurance settled on the Atlante. Thore were tines when thedstance parsing sessed Insustned period of sence fom both ends. ty 1951 ada 1958 {spent ont ate spring ary lin nine Baropean counties, During Ue fist ofthese Larne was lborig mighty to bring the Bosod ropert, theo hol f Living he 1590s, in Suffer, nt the kind Shape want tot Tate hon omy retuen ematking tiat sve were gating to e rather iregaar correspondents In hit bast {dated ep he eounnented, "Yes, ws ve bee payhg about 96h tenon 1 each other as a‘eouple af brothers,” while concluding. Plea elle sonnethingabent yr jaunt arnnd Ura.” On the oer duand there wereceaions when smallngofwutual inter tovched of ‘stream of dispatches back and for. ‘Though one personal mectings ‘coded other contucts nade things sooch a thaigh we had ever ‘vt way, and our more substantial exchanges concerned more He 2 perhaps not oe in a ilion who hus the wit to se through the hoax ‘Whether the State coushlered a necesny ev ora postive gd, is sly thought tobe a thing pemanence, ike thew of gration Tn the face ofthe fac i completly preposteras to expect that the ‘ener lt for power betwen governments ehiose moe exstonce {mut threats mataly suppor each her, col posal even that i anything othr tan the mato! extermination ofthe buman Tumans are nether god nor ad, but ae corupted by itsostly Inadsable snd bd nstations. They ae taadvetent veins o these Uiunders, expecially the blunders of perpetuating actions which may Ihave boen t-promoting in a ven stork happenstance Dut which today have Doce ane to sucha degtoe as to rete all if with ‘nian. or thousands of years the énterminablo warfare between the or snized gangs cll governments ve been carted ea thet aking Styappredable dent onthe general continuity ie. Thebes ft thatthe means tor slanghterand devastation have never unt now bec ‘fictive enough to complete the nnnilaton before sens exhaustion ‘ronghtan end tothe conflte, "Tht tina hindrance fas Ben over come wath «vengeance bythe hired atts of enti and teh. ats who ae repited to have contributed to « boondogge tha it Stimulate slg ceorems nd make certain peopl eb, meee Sharing ost overil epaty of enor more tes in eaten to chive bilancecd terror which, according lou prtecor sas ins fr peace tthe words ofthe qupper, How eazy ean yo get The whole U.S, economy has become rorcthingof x boontogse. In the semble for money, some persons create evils and dieses trey aling forth whole profasns to ameliorate oe “eure” the created evs. Polticins, pies, levers, psychatherpis, doctors tinctr, cosmetics mavulactrer, the juicy, advertiser, te, Sey inf, paca af ccnomteand pooudocconomc acest tases poi Tease the rear ofthese nes fel tht T haven't mae the se for snahulton aid oii, Leallatteuton toa phemenon ha scent Ihavebeen verlocked. tn ny economy which aio asthe featur fa inate marke demand, dhere ares the problem of keeping the wheel of indosty song and everybry busy. tn such an inseere and “sie stat call, dee breomes away of Me.” Anything fra olla builtin oboleeanes, shoddy good, aiterated fos, worry ‘ad et, and what sot The lange spent ft populate eee ‘aged professionals, purporting to ameliorate the vl which thy seen otto realize are caused, Inthe Dl anys, by goverment 6s As forthe naive but here promlgatos ofthe dating of ad et live," snc they are sbways nem of he Established Order they ae to be rane wd alloted, nated tothe ers, foved to dink locks or ether dnply murdered Violence ithe only language wnderstd by the minions of Estab lished Onder, and violence isthe seans a iminatingorder of ay er tstablshed ocr. Teil the scans by which man Kin wl als itself When has man ever invented » more efficent way of Shughtering people that he hasnt sed” ‘At Tong a viduals place thr faith che pe that some thing, external to themeelwes, be ft Gal, Mas, or Devi, Santa Claus a insittionaira abstractions, wll save thet, they wll continue grove: ing aroun lke chekens with thelr heads lopped of Patically everywhere in the wes, prababhy 8% ofthe land and natural resqnces are ewned or controled by only two percent of the population whi the sue af money and credit the means by which ‘Serato Yai on, i the contol of «hand of en serine fal, which ts mach persona net, fiom, prevalent in every country the world. Tes not ealled eriminal snp Insanse hose in power are the oes who make the etsitons andthe laws, and they who mae the definitions and the laws, are not gong to deserbe themselves the instttion of which they are the obvious benefice, as cin. Soc laws are carfilly ‘hss a to hare and destroy the victims who protest or er teslstance, ov who resort to whatever means may ccm aval tee ater to stay alive. The schemes ae lesopporting for as Caesars puted ove sai, "With money you ean employ soldiers, and wih soldiers extort money.” Neither ar che hited Danke called bstorans, socal lett, or civisleachorsin the respective la enclaves called aalone gg ‘nor even be allowed, say that the deitating and degenerate Feay- Kensten monsters rag over them ae ther than alist ea, that the penonnel of these oganived monopoles of the we of vole ae tthe than noble and selFsaerng indiiduals whose hearts ees the masse nde thei juadton, Heed, wae dere ever politician tring to gt at lice who wan't wring ale, ad Aeploing the lack of soletnde ofthe poitetan he pied to replace Millions of dollars aro spent tying to elect persone into alice, the ‘lari ortpende af which are buts vl ction ofthis amount. Tis ImightIead an objective observer ty norms that poltilans can be Tage by dhe gross, ke banana, hy the highest bidder. "The most astounding featur the general pital phenomenon that ofthe sever ilons af people populating the earth, thers Se 6 larger asus ana the general icustancesatending what might be called “ras "Thishad ta be, cause twa convinced dat wrangling overhear al economies was waren uty. al thatthe tem economists sere lke those of evangrist: anprovable: one ether believed then ot ‘one did nt. My on experencet aa businessna tn the ter all of the “Os indicated to me tha such things as peices were sally Poychologlal nda reflection more of the warfare a wilson yer tnd sellers thas they were of soppy en demand ators sr pre tion ents, fequenty peed eto hin alr on am experinenta bass, inal sometimes arbitaiy raised, not lowered, hen te pret hot sell The subjet of money was siily to be wnderstont theo Paveologtal explanation rather than through the tning aver oh Tenetsof theorists, Something with no intros vale tal wae funtion tng atthe monctary base of the largest part of the work's sve Ineo the USA, siuply ects acuta to he great nr ty teow whose hands pase, ae in al nosed dat had no ‘edeemabhe’ content or quay, Cam stil waitingfor scree expla tion why a worthless material may serve a the median of exchange among hundreds of milion for many scores of years, such a ee ‘cinstinice being basally uniliuenced by the hostile bellows of i ‘rite, (The volume of ier and tlk poring out iy denunclation of the money system is absolutely paralyzing in its enority, yet this ‘ubellssble vty atm to te hat percep the rn of “hag the molds goon exchanging gods aid servis fords ‘money with brea mar, dhe whole able made ie humors by the egernens the denouncers of this "worles paper” to ace lange amon oft for dhe thing they have forsale, ranging scree suletances ke gold newsletters snoring the buyers that they ‘hy ae ino od.” This Kd of enayse rakes spits se Iya they in ten are sl ent tell vhost a economy anton He the man ying to explain hot a on erates hy panting to ce sok neraing fom the ed of the buvel alert has teen fied) eta ruminations concern the big cre,” we tom ‘ofthe fs, A water which ‘se occasionally awed upon, baton which Varance did rite ther than peripherally a Indiveely, was the zero record of any ernment solving snompleyiment snd inflation snultacaoey eonomic history dit not reveal, sar axeither of econ eal, cate vere these te stuatons had ever been tacked atthe sme ie and Successily solved they were always taken cn soln, anl reversed ‘when plates olieveene of hem eacerbuted theater, reich rr) ‘turarond ofatentn, ad vice vers. Inthe 20th century thera teen oly emergency asthortrian regimes which had papoed with loth peobensatnes,teugh he apparent dye sucess hadrealy resin oly coset ston, producing repressed itn an ‘eprested wnemploynen vsvarons degrees of masve governmental Intervention; it wa only wat bic setne to cme to the esc, ew people were more swarethas Laurance that priate enters sand free enterprise are anything but synonyns, which Tucker ha iacasie i eifleent ermnalogy and vier dient entancesn his famous diszuse an the tts TB90. As Tor the more recent period, fr nearly 60 yours a any of prolssional ant-comsnsts ha posed sho problem in Persanoppnites feast cident ad fommonist demons of darkness But in he te 19605 they selenly ‘tncovered that Big Indie, Big Finance, Big Commerce and Big ‘gucalore he ater conta by he other ne) wt aang trons tember: baie ocomnanin tan there wereemangte opulent a the pltoentic. Then there began the seriou vestigation of bal callson among thom, and the attention vo the Biderbergers and the Trilateral Commision, and elated tential singel. La snr sanays et through tothe coe ofthe alae wehbe any fhe ‘Slaquet moutpions ofthe Right or Let Sntllectod establishment stumbled aeos the situation ad elaborated the top version There wat ene mate 0 which we ened many ns, gic nad nothing to an with current als, work polite an national rogram, Thx ws the ran of ht loser 4 eet Ui Might I ight, othe Sure of the Ftest, fst plished 1808 under puetudonyen, “Ragnar Bebear," when noone hie ever lentfed with any certitude tf src one of tho mos incendiary ‘works ever tn be pibtshed anywhere, and wae absent repaid Iino 1810, and vo tore tines inthe USA, fn 17 and Fecenty 1072, Taurnce gave me severaleupesofthisaver the years, {cluding 1 anibound eopy which contained hs marginal coments rowing out of our variaedasasions, in bis tiny and precise bandon figs amt lined ink the ate ids we died to this work aad ‘ations theses an several aceasons, and rested theeaer. One sc ‘hich especialy arsed our speclatins grew ot of "Redheard's “inating preverupaton with phys ore athe onsan fre ing all important sue, Induding survival But dd not appear Laurance and myacl that history squalid supported thi view, Throwshont tine there appeared nner folk wh had manage to sure, ey fr very long pera, employing oll eet range a burvvalvabies These tatagemsexchewed weaponty sd isc 4 ‘ous and prosper, t say nothing af thet bert. ae the respective {overaments rl over them. No "ualioal” government wil lo the sapcon tha It and by iafrencethone apparently power), ae the rel enemies othe peopl, Tha i why al goveraments can agree fm one thing, hat wnachists are promoter of disorder andchaoe. his preposterous ge has been virtually wnivoral daring all known Fistoneit i day ar vide and vicious as ever, That some of the real masters and onclares of monopolistic iver may not be teat personel of the law-making, rip Anta “nw and oer” efor odes ends to br the sterlave ‘elatonsip. In some countries ster Died by tho fac thatthe ‘oxmentaf monopolist privileges mpersona thus alin appear {hat opportnity ts egualled, with the possbiy of saves becoming ‘aster, advice ver Nosingle inva an proces tet amonnt arn this wold vnless he cou elit or command x lge number of poople to do his Wings which ste gintessene of wort. Tr, ad tat in ‘non thre Ie trengh, but what does this prove? It applies to ex. Soing we wel sod "When i come to situtionalin, it quite diferent mater, For inatatons have loge and fore independent of the persons who compose then. These fores, especialy established ons permanent Basi notonly at not be perfec” bat my even lot consequences Aivct opposition otha which had en originally fended. Tovar ‘whatarealed the contains soit. These partelarcontadi tons could wot oF would not are Ina fre o anarchte soa. "The fact hat permanent fotos, espe wt matory sn power, immediatly becomes degenerative and ant-M, bas been ‘ted by the observation that "Power camp, and sbsaite power oruptsabsolstely." statement that hasbeen mouthed by wing perons to imply that the prevalig power structure be ousted) and Dresomablythemselvesbe pled a alternatives sme sor of problem trol have bn solved. tis sort of unthink the bass ofthe proponls of Conservatives, Liber Marxists, and felbstyled Revolutonists and governmenialiste tn general. Con- Soutlnallas, Repubteans, Demoerats, and Fasests ar of the sre oenacing breod—the graves of ity forall ‘Afr general popeaces everywhere, conerned imal with tye sngto scavenge aliveliioo out of thecoltenof which they are vin Ahoy are more the naire of funny putty to be molded by the scrapulos predator whosluoseen toleupernatet element inevery iulration Known oan. Ss evident tha these eal predators Jhveteenbaving the best of afar a5 mater benefits arconcered 6 ‘one tbe col vb and murder anther tbe. Sinoe men were more tle than women for sich ations, division of lor bocame he practice whereby the men did the fighting while Use women did the ‘wore and cared for the yung,‘ probably began the enslavement at ‘women who in subsequent rah were captured insted of Billed, ad posshy polygnnvaroseseasny off, with dhestrongee men balding Farge entourage, and establishing ries that thoy would not ste ach tiers women: Ifthe men en killed ff hale the tr probably ‘converted to matriarch” ‘We may imagine times when in cir ste fn aide some of the invaded became maimed insteu! of killed, nd were able agaln to cui fond, When tsa observed, whens beeame evident that ‘was pow to vb thea agin, a prest le arose among predators. It tra elie that twas ot necessary tokllaran in der to ari bit fzods, he cad be emlve and exploited Iwas mt ony practical but Fromantarian io that promised sTeseconiife. The conquerorsbecae themarters and theconquered de slves.Predalton been orgie fon a permanent bass, fo an is «creature of babi "Al ehrouhisby ovasion, convent subjugation, enslavement and cxplotation hasbeen the nameof the yas, ans te mostsliont factor {iumansclatons even upto the present day. Government ed the ination knew asthe State remain the relationship Botwen cone “aueors andthe conquered and the eatons hetween States droll tras of socalled Natlonain i essentially one of hoaiity between predator. ach governmental power tends to enlarge is omains and the numbor of people can expla. ‘Thei own "abjecs” they let ‘under the euphest "salon." The State, very State, aan ste tion, i ttn the enemy f the people over which ean mata furadietion lathe master-slave relationship which existe tween them, the saves heenme the pawns tn the power moves Belwer fzverninents. Not ony are these slaw victimized and rbloed by he frvernments ling ever them, but hei opportanies to make lel Find ure restricted their ine, snorgiea, posesione, and even thelr eres and fives conscripted fn the wary between heir respective ‘Government professed tobe a protective appara nl poltians ‘break theirhearsasuringusof the solitude they hold forus: But we st be protected, tant be against something, perhaps quite righ ther governments. Ths the predatory instititons elle the State ‘tally sopport eachother. Any there were na enemy, would the neceseny fo invent one, It te anys the other guy who fe the onabiteh” And billions of people all ver the worl sre the planed wit fears, completely maar thatthe rel enemies to thet @ ture, consisting ofcunning, treachery, mend, pettifogsey, chica fn, betrayal, nisrepresenttion, deception, insnerity ad Flea Aatiery which had marked the mrmerous Level of hangers-on aed oer paraites and elated courtiers cFevery ran. Longe ores, ‘which stretehe ont aver the millenia, However, we both condudst {hat Reda” had surely undermine the largest part ofthe rationale torwbich conventional rocely appenred toe anchored Though tore ara indent of mal eon which dt nolo reference to listrial material, Laan sae nol very ents shout my involvement in teaching the sbjot. Kagverl with hi that ‘ch which wnt mesnoraized abou the past volves vas cot {gent of rages, And, when we wore In speculative mood on saat fale, Leanedod that the alle of the specs thong mich of recor Ieepingefiecte too mich conecrn forthe deeds enlessroondt are, thieves and murdeters to which the woth had oon sujet eros the millenia. Ia he stained and deepening gloom eoncertng ‘Mis domestic and neg ef wiles to ae pat he ‘workat east online bass, simpy fr the fan of watching he whl Teeny shove, a something akin to the efforts ua cheeral vile ot ‘igen tend a radish garden ov the lip ofan etive voli, Tho-contentof Lawance kabadi's tray laos changed conser ‘ly beginning inthe cary SOs and extending for about decade He Deja tn examine bree topies wd coon flarger ates then Goce ltncrrceowomics, ich hed absorb bis energies fro cnny oe tay years of hit nella development (Laurance state me that Jae wan part 30 fre taking any interest the wold of Sra.) The principal remo for ths abrapt change in the empha of i wrk [is ey postwar involvement nthe ase ad interest of the deve telispale, sparked by Ralph Bors nid especialy ty his peispal Netenant, Mideed Jenn Loomis, dyson wcolate weit ‘whose needle energy fn advancing ts dew and pres was aly the mestimportant factor inthe spread of interest nts mde of Mey th quarter ofa century ale the end of World Wer TL ‘Borsodts famous lst at the growin mightenae of wan snus Iwai. This aly Csiiaton (1028), ocr ata tine bone any of the later tondy and fshtonableeuvirnmmentalists and ccloets wre even born, And his withdrawal and experimesation with x ein, logical and scent subistonochomesteadasanaltemate way of Me he acurontedinanother beck, Flight From the Sty (1883, another mest ppromature work, which war to be an ipa for many who were fake elated step in bis reson. ord wae "andor ean” mt the lator 1890s, hsvicwr beings abrasive othe New Deal sersae thy Imad been othe element whose word cllpsed inthe al of 1928, once 6 i awhile he surfaced, tn such journal at Seward Collis’ American estes, but the tvalseinentof the US in the war nde ate al of 1981 seemed 0 wh oat all terest and fort along his prescptons However, itwas ving the war that Mis. Looms began tb emorgeasan articulate spokeswoman nis ease, a proponent in such ours as the Christian Century or something wich ws sil well heat of tine ors penchant or promature hiking ws cxemphiied by his 1918 hone doflation le Coming, which ftaken seri by pornns with aw osoueeos to invent, could easily have made all of them soul rilionsres) Beginning 1946 the Boredi-Loomis ots began to ake shape as the vanguard fa trovement walter Hes, action wl achtove- nents were broadcast ina sexes of pesos, The Interprrtar, Be ned Living, and later A Way Out Ms. Loomis reangized the [storia contin of the Meat dang ack ty Warten, Spooner and Tucker which Laurance was mainly responsible for making known to her, al which her contemporaries were rediscovering, sometimes Uhh ast prteal esters nthe svenyday wold. Bu tis aspect tevetothe homestangimovententandooogialbas of kind, which ‘ws incorporated nto a lady age body of other Was derived from [Bord and others. The vest wrth some fstes of the School of Living periodicals were remarkable reaing experiences those days thirty year ng when tscemod asthough the welfare ware State had Ibooome all that Americans might ever know. {Launanes and Tone Jjumeyel dow to Mex. Lovo “bane! tn Brooke, Obi he late "Ws Fora Tong weekend, and Twas mens pressed by what she tind her husband! were doing ona deliberately chosen sal areas, ‘tling all that cond be done by mastication of rational, lege, ‘siete intelligence) ‘A related but independent influence upen Laurance at aboot the sine tie a scones with the Soo of Living Jacetrlists tok place was he psheloyist Theadave Schroeder. He spent considerable Wine with Seiden al the biter’ vesence i» Connecti, and wrote ne repeatedly conrerning the subjets they discussed. I came obi ts tome that Laurance inereasogly appre soma of Schroders ‘iow, and traces of hem show up in essay writen ler 1950, Tarnce Labadiss extended relations with th School of Living i really a separate and ocessarly lar Longe tie than ea be ten up Tere: Tisbrought int this phase ofthe disession here because ithad & lgnifcant effect on what he was to wte thereafter, und expecially ‘because many ofthe essays ofthis collotdon were produced In that period. That Lance bought he original Bows School of Living Droperty in Siler snd tnaved tev to ve 19D seemed to have fight, and that Gybt yl employ the bomb whieh 6 dhe avowed phspose of governmental eansalidation to avd Unfortunatly the argument imple here is wot ane which may be able tobe proven by sen," tld you so.” In the meantime one may Indulge in agreeable dagen, saying "Such ings eannot be.” Perhaps man’ orginal sn was to think at all, as some thoologans tl us. But thinking wall be necessary if men are to escotinne thelr priniive ancestor” blunder of perpetuating a nstitatonaiing the robory id incidental murder which he resortel oa an unwelcome expedient in some ofthe serambles which he faced in tnes of sary Habit ay Ton laborsaving device, Butt ean alo become a datos pce of exhigence, as hocoming obvi. ‘Orit one wishes to bnenne pilowphiel, he necd not become f0 ac concerned abot Hing up the earth, Neral weallhave tase Some tne ta nthe ca ta the whale cet be tet ted so bet Men are uc fla oa themselves to be blown to nod, perhaps tial for the beat. Ero the eosin pint of view ft ‘yes take a prt ofdilference eter wry. Ht here av enough ‘ychopaths in high places on bot side ofthe cold war ato make the ‘fr annibilation an almost wore bet. WHAT IS MAN’ DESTINY? How did human ind get int te present eoadtion, with wou of people ealed “nations” on the verge of slaughtering each eter and ‘aking the earth wnt for ong Me? ‘Ages ago, during periods af able scarcity, when dhe meas for survival happened tobe inact forthe nad fa whaecom manly, they dstboted det supplies equally, noone would gt enough and allwould die. Under the creunstances the continuity of ie required at sone must eso Hat ethers might live, How could sudhadecston Demade? ‘Sapore they Sond hemactves wih oa sno fron al their soubor, Every individual wants to live; self preservation it piary tiger It absned ta believe that sone woukl deliberately chose to lave, tothe advantage of ther. ‘They were faced with bilgi lrge, not amor judgment. Quite naturally the situation yave se Lo Scramble ‘Those with the least sermpes, pyseally ore power ad ‘pave cunning suvived. Rebbery and eoinldental wunler were the Factors decking the eue, ‘This must have happened siti tribes, ‘As rbery and murder unfortunately hee sess) forthe eo tiouty ofa ibe under comdiions of esr, it bea apparent hat Co teamansedtoproducethe stanichomb, Andaf course the posbiityof ‘asin capital and manufactring bomb in toaltaran counties le Simple nou. Its the very existence af concentrated pnt to tad tous tx money to erance the very per hich tae in he ts ‘hae, which constitutes a one rvect fo beh Tnanonsnivernmental word na world where the pla Sata ben repledy volontary ssoations in which people prtaced and cexchanged necereary ode and services t woth bo imponse to inde enough people totes! her savings in such meant lag ‘Gtablshments a now ahi Tallove tote fo assurance whatever evading the increase of| ‘more aed more military expenditure by the hope that goverment Iulersare going tong tthe dint ofr ii Tn fete ‘tully support ach other by thelr staal heats ‘The hope that governments wil agree to relic military might find lodges tn ‘hinds that misapprehend the nature of grvemment. Dat sich minds tre visually onfversal simply because they Dave been tanght in e world Wha world sr Prise me tht anyone wo “etal hd managed a thin his way out fhe unveraliyinduced superstition a goverment ven any way ter tan ange ev “The shallow observance that oflen governments ar soltous bn tlcing up te ev hey themacves fave caused (Gough nti, rile o spc poreons antes Hinds pople tothe ac that the woos they aie area goveramental origin. "Any objective sty, nat only oftheir of goverment aghout the ages, bt ofthe tng and essary nate, would confi the conviction that tho ate the oattntonaation crabbery, crn, savory, and Imuider 8 meth or ending iets ‘A things re going now ie mato ete when more and sore governments wil poss the atom bomb, al oexpect—in opps fon to the then’ of Cautewit that they are comely go to rafain from ing then to implement ther inherently Snperaisc polests, nny opiion,avain hope This soomstomeshouki¥e plain anyone whose bras have not been brainwashed by nals teachings n state-controlled edeatonal intitatons. Tis cand by many people that in democratic countries the people rule. Unfortunately tht theory, in the country which produced the ‘tore bomb ony anal of people kw tht the bom an bn proce, und presumably the dropping of athe sing-nt of ‘early x quarter milion imacent Ives ws the decision of one mun ‘World ipvernment aa acltan ofthe Uheat of atomic war? No soverment ging to reingsh ts sovereignty wilt puting a oo some symbolic signfleance, though he never ret to do there what the ‘Borsa family had done 151030 yeas easier. (orsoilater wast goto India for an extended stay spreading the message of his version af decent iin) Bat the prods eet by Mrs. Loomis were Laurance’s major opening to an audience large than thet contig Lisprvatemailassoctes such as mys and his communications a fo of is shorter pices were published there. One ofthese whom ‘met thing the agencies othe Sheol of Living, Don Werle, was esponable for Laurace’s fst published eft, which appeared No, ‘Adar and more strange to dominate Larne’ writing the ‘middle 1960s and hie work appeared so vi that It made even mest tits ofa joomale inch and run. Strangely eng, one of hs Stead supporters a We editor of he Fda Libertarian, In Bo lay. Arya Bhavan, wh printed a sicesson of Laurance’ piers though they neers bad only a tiny exposure in Americ, The ony Mteopts to priat several of Laurance cay atone tne were mae 1066 and 1967 in A Way Out inspec fees ied by Herbert © osenin, «young hlecomer 19 the school af thowe who esteemed aorance's moe of erry express “Actually, Laurance and had dscused posible edition ofa cole tion of things which he thought had bees ably done shortly fer the Libertario Book Chih published my edition of Pau! Elabachers Anarchism iy 1960. Bat his action to this seston wx leaky ‘reatve then, and fr some tne thereafter, tht led met indo the reject, snd wrk atdilevent ones, amon, which were the rs feprintingel Max Stier's The Ego and its Own inalimost 60 year, the rst reprnting of Spoone's No Treason ina century, and a comfned French and English edition of Btlenne de La Boctis Diseoury de ht Seretudevolotaire forthe Rist time i 400 yen Tevas in his ater series that I rpsinted Jom Baeac’s Sloss (0 Duty for the fest tne in a generation, using Laurance’ fons Insement press Saisie edition of 1898 (it snsoreoreetin a 2 fe annotitons), and dedicating the edition to isn Short ter tht inaleter on March 15,1973, {once mote prose tobi dhe sn ‘ofa selection afi essys at volume nti series, We lke ots by telephone and vin eorrespondence for some weeks, anditws to balt down the dtl soto speak, that Mew outtosee hw at uller erin November af thi yes, the iat tne Ts im thuugh we spent some time on the telephone thereafler, following my fetwm to Colorado (Laurance hal some te bark toprsl answer ng his mal). és commorglace the sun of alletons otis hint seco pny them witha seul consisting al alarmed dsquiston on the 7 alte mensingof tall an“in dept” Probing thao vty ery henson, ana tempt ol he eral boat hs howe frogs and expla tet Wogan, sella) ex nests eal coatton equ band fadingund poo fooding lente eae ile tie obs crv own esc, might omens ffom the enpsene tl wondering what mu supposed tov been {rund, ft ie syenponecshingetontousin tore se {pull Ie isan comnctn hat Laure aba, a seletasht wore ings for mont fh i, woot diety eno tobe wert by ‘yee wt eal common wnat und perp ado, and the Slings to resead what had not rotred theft tne sox. UUnrance roma me sever tins that he acd fn te wth {peat pan (aly wil conveyings mitre of cingand admiration trashy wbathe seed wasn efter aiy” tocxpresuysll tyne who nds hin hard ging owes nav ene one ony becmse cde yorney rom such «Stan son A the Boneless ‘Wonders who longag> adopted couse nse Voltas neti tha npg device for the conceshent a hang nt rot from anaote dat who never eared the ways fete scan "Welle na tine compounded hypocrisy euch scope and pis ‘atin that sat any sce alto append the mtr fa et tTone pssst ont by the inlet tol nccsay to penetrate ‘rons nter bes, Webern the dest of ur pcomsbers at corns ts cnatntpaycloeal waar, Sou ppt to ‘tut with ambiogdedbelalnce“edrafon me. {tal and said theo to ae; all a any ober tivicvtes sch ast rigt teen bot side andte ie snes inmejusttwovider ba theeraventon whith draped upon ara sats with hs epingasmion) ‘Sointheintret fl iy ssnga tidal agro often the genuineness of ese and ober related oearplattedicusvebal {tes tvedton resented esseonteton athe gover nine thmf theta community, a what sleep tle, a rea terol coat, hough Th wre some a ts penn cocea, woppsel to the montana poled tsson an every phnse ‘versions continual add by the mula which ecacelessy “engl the fora edestona and fee manfatring str, ‘tic bars oea! bain and sancon the proper tng fon he emda ahoeld eae cononting what Procdon deserved os the socal pablo.” Springer, 1 aun jane ener Lake and Colorado Springs, Calooa 8 will beintlerale, But he point i that without dhe pusnpprining va the mitary machine, financed largely with Rat money, tte cconamy ‘vould come ti stands. This fet blwarks the rationale for an ence Tango mltry estalshinont,niely sided by the treat of the eon: rust block ‘On the communist side, thre is smn likelihood thatthe populace swonld not endure theirabase exept in the feo the threat alleged {reat of “apis imperiaisn The engines af enecin oF govern iments of both sdes ofthe ead war therefore mutually support each ‘ier, and we obarve a selEaggravating situation, ‘Tihs we Bnd an almost evi wr station arising oto the economic rules ad cooreive conels which ob i oth comnist ‘nd capitalist systems Even wire all “countries” comemsnist and ‘ations, tere vu fo no assurance whatever tha ore would be ‘no war betwoen them This so beure athe inberenly belgerent sd predatory nature of heStte ite. The eden arate power feta wd to ull, nl at lent the rulers confront x greater itary power, orif intemal dry rot should precipitate revolution, such arevoition be ofan organized tary typeof aeration, ch ‘1 ipled by poltalorgatzatons, in contrat with 4 spontancos Uiphenal, ss ineviable thatthe factions ofthe revokatianary move ‘mont Bight among themselves fr excuive power, and ont of tie ont the outcome is practally certain to bea stronger ongaied cereve power, even stronger han ad existed helore, ands0 the {endncis inthe work! today ae in the diction a eter the sper slave state or, vew ofthe destuctive potency of maern weapons, ‘ter annihilation "Thoso-called Right agsnst communism sat ott teationary ight Aomalntunthe ovisofeapitalam. Is the ightngot a llc, ice the theory of comnonisn ata sch system i a onyrowth a he vis of ‘capitalism. To try to maintain an ev agua a greater ei, when the Interiewmoreorlesslogical development ofthe ores, agra pee

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