You are on page 1of 6

2016 International Seminar on Intelligent Technology and Its Application

,PSOHPHQWDWLRQRI3,'&RQWUROOHU)RU+ROG$OWLWXGH
&RQWUROLQ8QGHUZDWHU5HPRWHO\2SHUDWHG9HKLFOH

$OL=DLQDO$ELGLQ 5RQQ\0DUGL\DQWR 'MRNR3XUZDQWR


'HSDUWPHQWRI(OHFWULFDO(QJLQHHULQJ 'HSDUWPHQWRI(OHFWULFDO(QJLQHHULQJ 'HSDUWPHQWRI(OHFWULFDO(QJLQHHULQJ
,QVWLWXW7HNQRORJL6HSXOXK1RSHPEHU ,QVWLWXW7HNQRORJL6HSXOXK1RSHPEHU ,QVWLWXW7HNQRORJL6HSXOXK1RSHPEHU
6XUDED\D,QGRQHVLD 6XUDED\D,QGRQHVLD 6XUDED\D,QGRQHVLD
 DOL]DLQDOBVKDKDE#\DKRRFRP URQQ\#HOHFWHQJLWVDFLG GMRNR#HHLWVDFLG

$EVWUDFW² $W D FHUWDLQ OHYHO RI WKH GHSWK :DWHU VSHHG DQG XQGHUZDWHU YHKLFOHV WKH DGRSWHG DSSURDFK LV EDVHG RQ WKH
GLUHFWLRQRIIORZZDWHULQWKHRFHDQFDQFKDQJHLUUHJXODUO\7KH VOLGLQJ PRGH FRQWURO VWUDWHJ\ DQG HQKDQFHG E\ DQ DGDSWLYH
OHYHO RI GLIIHUHQW ZDWHU OHYHO KDV JUHDW GLIIHUHQW ZDWHU SUHVVXUH IX]]\ DOJRULWKP IRU XQFHUWDLQW\GLVWXUEDQFH FRPSHQVDWLRQ >@
7KHVH IDFWRUV DUH VRPH RI WKH SDUDPHWHUV WKDW FDQ DIIHFW $GRSWGXDOORRSFRQWUROPHWKRGRORJ\ZLWKLQQHUSLWFKFRQWURO
QDYLJDWLRQ DQG VWDELOL]DWLRQ RI XQGHUZDWHU UHPRWHO\ RSHUDWHG ORRSDQGRXWHUGHSWKFRQWUROORRSWKHLQQHUSLWFKFRQWUROOHULV
YHKLFOH 529  DW ZKLOH LQ WKH ZDWHU 8QGHUZDWHU 529 DUH GHVLJQHG XVLQJ VOLGLQJ PRGH FRQWURO 60&  ZLWK LQWHJUDWRU
GHVLJQHG FDSDEOH RI PDLQWDLQLQJ WKH VWDELOL]DWLRQ RI WKH SRVLWLRQ HIIHFW WR RYHUFRPH D FRQVWDQW RIIVHW WHUP GXH WR SRVLWLYH
KROG SRVLWLRQ  DW WKH ZDWHU GHSWK RI GHVLUHG YHUWLFDOO\ LQ EXR\DQF\ >@ )X]]\ ORJLF KDV EHHQ DSSOLHG WR WKH ORZ VSHHG
DFFRUGDQFH ZLWK WKH SDUDPHWHUV RI WKH ZDWHU SUHVVXUH ,Q
EDOODVW FRQWURO SUREOHP IRU $53$¶V 8QPDQQHG 8QGHUVHD
PDLQWDLQLQJVWDELOL]DWLRQDWWKHOHYHORIGHSWKZDWHURIWKH]D[LV
YHUWLFDOO\ XQGHUZDWHU 529 VKRXOG EH DEOH WR GLVWXUEDQFH WKDW
9HKLFOH LW XVH IRU GHSWK FRQWURO RI XQGHUVHD YHKLFOHV 7KH
WKHUH 3,' FRQWUROOHU ZLWK =LHJOHU1LFKROV WXQLQJ DOJRULWKP IX]]\ ORJLF FRQWUROOHU SHUIRUPV FRPSDUDEO\ WR WKH FXUUHQW
DSSOLHG VR WKDW XQGHUZDWHU 529 LV DEOH WR RYHUFRPH WKHVH EDOODVWFRQWUROGHVLJQ>@7ZRGLIIHUHQWFRQWUROVFKHPHVKDYH
SUREOHPV DQG FDQ PDLQWDLQ LWV SRVLWLRQ DW WKH OHYHO GHSWK EHHQ SURSRVHG DQG FRPSDUHG 3,' FRQWUROOHU ZLWK DQ LQSXW
VSHFLILHG 7KH UHVXOWV VKRZ WKDW 3,' FRQWUROOHU XVLQJ =LHJOHU VPRRWKLQJ SUHILOWHU DQG IX]]\ ORJLF WR GHSWK FRQWURO IRU
1LFKROVWXQLQJPHWKRGJLYHVDUHVSRQVHEHWWHUWKDQFODVVLFDO3,' XQPDQQHG XQGHUZDWHU YHKLFOHV LQGLFDWHV WKDW ERWK WKH
VHHQ IURP WKH RXWSXW UHVSRQGV RI HDFK FRQWURO 7KH 3,' DOJRULWKP DUH IHDVLEOH 7KH DGGLWLRQ RI WKH GLVFUHWH IX]]\
FRQWUROOHUXVLQJ=LHJOHU1LFKROVWXQLQJPHWKRGRYHUVKRW VPRWKHUXVHGWKXVDFKLHYLQJRYHUVKRRWVXSSUHVVLRQ>@
VHFRQGWRDFKLHYHULVHWLPHDQGVHFRQGWRDFKLHYHWKHVHWWOLQJ
WLPH WKLV UHVXOW LV EHWWHU WKDQ WKH FODVVLFDO 3,' FRQWURO ZKLFK ,Q WKLV SDSHU 3,' FRQWUROOHU XVLQJ =LHJOHU1LFKROV WXQLQJ
UHDFKHG  RYHUVKRRW  VHFRQG WR DFKLHYH ULVH WLPH DQG  DOJRULWKPLVSURSRVHGWRUHJXODWHWKHYHUWLFDOGLVSODFHPHQWDQG
VHFRQGWRDFKLHYHVHWWOLQJWLPH KROG DOWLWXGH RI XQGHUZDWHU 529 7KH UHVXOW LQ WKLV VWXG\
FRPSDUH EHWZHHQ FODVVLFDO 3,' XVLQJ PDQXDO WXQLQJ DQG 3,'
.H\ZRUGV²GHSWK FRQWURO 3,' FRQWUROOHU ]LJOHUQLFKROV FRQWUROOHUXVLQJ=LHJOHU1LFKROVWXQLQJDOJRULWKP
WXQLQJ
8QGHUZDWHU 529 WKDW ZLOO EH DSSOLHG WR PDLQWDLQ LWV
SRVLWLRQ KROG SRVLWLRQ  RQ WKH FRQGLWLRQV RU WKH SRLQW LQ WKH
, ,1752'8&7,21 GHSWK RI WKH ZDWHU LQ WKH GHVLUHG YHUWLFDO ]D[LV  GXULQJ WKH
7KH XQGHUZDWHU 529 DUH SRZHUIXO YHKLFOH IRU H[SORULQJ SURFHVV RI HYDFXDWLRQ DQG UHVFXH DFFRUGLQJ WR WKH UHIHUHQFH
LQYHVWLJDWLQJXQGHUZDWHUPRQLWRULQJDQGPDQDJLQJRXURFHDQ GLUHFWLRQ KHDGLQJ DVZHOODVWKHSRVLWLRQRIXQGHUZDWHU529
UHVRXUFHV+RZHYHUXQGHUVHDWKHZDYHVGLVWXUEWKHXQGHUZDWHU DQG OHYHO LQ DOO LQ ZDWHU GHSWK  WR FKDQJH WKH GLUHFWLRQ DQG
YHKLFOHVHYHUHO\ VSHHGRIFXUUHQWVEDVHGRQWKHOHYHOLQWKHZDWHU
7KH FKDQJH LQ GLUHFWLRQ DQG VSHHG RI FXUUHQWV LQ DQ
,, 7+(&20(781'(5:$7(5529
LUUHJXODUZDWHULVDIDFWRUWKDWLVYHU\LQIOXHQWLDOWRWKHSURFHVV
RIHYDFXDWLRQDQGUHVFXHZKHUHGLYHUVGLIILFXOWWRFDUU\RXWWKH 7KH GHVLJQRI³&20(7529´ LV SHUIRUPHG ZLWK WKH DLP
SURFHVV 7KHUHIRUH XQGHUZDWHU 529 5HPRWHO\ 2SHUDWHG RI GHVLJQLQJ D ORZ FRVW DQG XSJUDGHDEOH SODWIRUP WR EXLOG
9HKLFOHV FDQSOD\DUROHWRKHOSWRUHSODFHWKHGLYHUGXULQJWKH PXFKFRPSOLFDWHG URERWV LQ IXWXUH +DUGZDUH DUFKLWHFWXUH RI
SURFHVVLVGRQH WKH &20(7529 LV VKRZQ LQ )LJ  7KH ILUVW JURXQG
VWDWLRQ ZKLFK LV WKH PDLQ FRQWURO DQG PRQLWRULQJ IURP
7R GHDO ZLWK WKHVH SUREOHPV YDULRXV DGYDQFHG FRQWURO XQGHUZDWHU 529 DW WKH WLPH LQ WKH ZDWHU 7KH VHFRQG SDUW
WHFKQLTXHV KDYH EHHQ SURSRVHG LQ OLWHUDWXUH VXFK DV WKH 7HWKHU LV D SRZHU FDEOH DQG D GDWD FDEOH WKDW FRQQHFWV WKH
GHYHORSPHQW RI D GHSWK FRQWURO V\VWHP IRU UHPRWHO\ RSHUDWHG

978-1-5090-1709-6/16/$31.00 ©2016 IEEE 665


dĞƚŚĞƌ hŶĚĞƌǁĂƚĞƌZKs
WŽǁĞƌ WŽǁĞƌ
^ŽƵƌĐĞ ŽĂƌĚ

^ĞƌŝĂů
'h/ Z^ϮϯϮ
hƐĞƌ
ŐƌŽƵŶĚƐƚĂƚŝŽŶ DŝĐƌŽĐŽŶƚƌŽůůĞƌ '&0RWRUV ϰZKs
'ULYHUV dŚƌƵƐƚĞƌƐ

WƌĞƐƐƵƌĞ^ĞŶƐŽƌ /DhDWhϲϬϱϬ
D^ϱϴϬϯͲϭϰ ;ŐLJƌŽĂŶĚ 
ĂĐĐĞůĞƌŽŵĞƚĞƌͿ

 )LJ 7KUXVWHU&20(7529
)LJ 8QGHUZDWHU529&RQWURO'LDJUDP

FRPPXQLFDWLRQEHWZHHQWKHJURXQGVWDWLRQVWRWKHXQGHUZDWHU
529 7KLUG SDUW WKH XQGHUZDWHU 529 FRQVLVW RI D
PLFURFRQWUROOHU DV D PDLQ FRQWURO '& PRWRU GULYHUV DV D '&
PRWRU FRQWUROOHUV SUHVVXUH VHQVRUV WR PHDVXUH GHSWK RI WKH
ZDWHU J\UR VHQVRU DQG DFFHOHURPHWHU VHQVRU WR GHWHUPLQH WKH
FRQGLWLRQRIXQGHUZDWHU529DWWKHWLPHLQWKHZDWHUDQG'& % 0HFKDQLFV
PRWRUDVWKH7KUXVWHUVIRU&20(7529 7KH&20(7529IUDPHZRUNPDGHRIDOXPLQXPSURILOHV
PPVTXDUHLQVL]HWKHUHDUHWZRSLHFHVRIWXEHZDWHUSURRI
$ '\QDPLF0RGHOLQJ DFU\OLF PDWHULDO ZLWK D WKLFNQHVV RI  PP LQ GLDPHWHU  FP
7KHG\QDPLFVRIDQXQGHUZDWHU529LQYROYHVWZRIUDPHV DQGFPORQJZLWKDFRYHUWKDWKDVEHHQGHVLJQHG5HDUWXEH
RI UHIHUHQFH WKH ERG\IL[HG IUDPH DQG WKH HDUWKIL[HG IUDPH XVHG IRU HOHFWURQLF GHYLFHV DQG RQ WKH IURQW LV XVHG IRU WKH
FI)LJ 7KHYHFWRUVZLWKWKHYDULDEOHVSXWDWVWDNHDUHȣ  FDPHUD 7KH YHKLFOH ZHLJKV  NJ DSSUR[LPDWHO\  DQG KDV D
>XYZSTU@7 DQG Ș  >[\]ࢥࢡȥ@7 EHLQJ WKH YHFWRUV RI UHFWDQJXODU VKDSH ZLWK KHLJKW  PP OHQJWK  PP DQG
YHORFLWLHV LQ WKH ERG\IL[HG IUDPH  DQG SRVLWLRQ(XOHU DQJOHV ZLGWKPP6RZLWKWKLVGHVLJQZKHQLQWKHZDWHUDWUHVW
LQWKHHDUWKIL[HGIUDPH UHVSHFWLYHO\ WKH &20(7529 IORDWLQJ LQ WKH ZDWHU 7KH UHDVRQ LV GXH WR
HDVHLQFRQWUROOLQJWKHXQGHUZDWHU529ZKHQPDQHXYHULQJLQ
7KH &RPHW529 FI )LJ   LV DQ XQGHU DFWXDWHG YHKLFOH WKHZDWHUDQGQRWEXUGHQLQJWKHWKUXVWHU
,WV SURSXOVLRQ V\VWHP FRQVLVWV RI IRXU WKUXVWHUV GULYHQ E\ '&
PRWRUV DQG FRQWUROOLQJ VL[ GHJUHHV RI IUHHGRP 7KH PRWRUV  & 7KUXVWHU
DQG  FRQWURO VLPXOWDQHRXVO\ WUDQVODWLRQV DORQJ WKH [ DQG \
D[HVDQGURWDWLRQDURXQGWKH]D[LV \DZDQJOH 0RWRUVDQG 7KUXVWHU LV D YHU\ LPSRUWDQW SDUW RI DQ XQGHUZDWHU 529
FRQWUROGHSWKDQGUROO3LWFKLVOHIWXQFRQWUROOHGEXWUHPDLQV 1RZDGD\V LQGXVWULDO XQGHUZDWHU 529V XWLOL]H KLJK SRZHU
QDWXUDOO\ VWDEOH GXH WR WKH UHODWLYH SRVLWLRQ RI EXR\DQF\ DQG KLJKHIILFLHQF\XQGHUZDWHUWKUXVWHUVZKLFKDUHYHU\H[SHQVLYH
JUDYLW\FHQWHUV IRU DQ HGXFDWLRQDO SURSRVH XQGHUZDWHU 529 VR WKH WKUXVWHUV
IRU&20(7DUHGHVLJQHGE\XVHRIORZFRVWORZSRZHU9
'&PRWRUV:HDUHXVLQJ'&PRWRUELOJHSXPS*3+KDV
 EHHQ PRGLILHG ZLWK SDLUHG SURSHOOHU DV VKRZQ LQ )LJ 
8QGHUZDWHU 529 KDV WZR YHUWLFDO WKUXVWHUV WZR KRUL]RQWDO
WKUXVWHUVORFDWHGRQPLGGOHOHIWDQGPLGGOHULJKWIRUXQGHUZDWHU
529PRYHV

' 8QGHUZDWHU529&RQWURO3URJUDP
$SURJUDPFUHDWHGXVLQJ9LVXDO%DVLF1(7LVH[HFXWHGRQ
D FRPSXWHU LQ WKH JURXQG VWDWLRQ WR UHFHLYH DQG WUDQVPLW WKH
FRQWURO LQVWUXFWLRQ IURP RSHUDWRU DQG VHQG WKH FRGH WR WKH
XQGHUZDWHU 529 EDVHG RQ D GHILQHG 3URWRFRO EHWZHHQ 529
DQG WKH JURXQG VWDWLRQ 7KLV SURJUDP FDQ VHW FRQWURO
SDUDPHWHUV VHW SRLQW RI GHSWK DQG PDQXDOO\ FRQWUROOLQJ WKH
XQGHUZDWHU529%HVLGHVWKDWWKLVSURJUDPSURYLGHVUHDOWLPH
LQIRUPDWLRQDERXWWKHVWDWXVRIWKH529
7KH *8, *UDSKLFDO 8VHU ,QWHUIDFH  LV GHVLJQHG WR
FRPPXQLFDWH ZLWK WKH RSHUDWRU YLD IRUPV JUDSKV DQG RWKHU
 W\SHVRIYLVXDODLGVDVVKRZQLQ)LJ7KLVSURJUDPVSHUIRUPV

FRPSXWDWLRQV DQG WDVNV UHODWHG WR FKDQJLQJ WKH RSHUDWRU
)LJ $GRSWHG 6\VWHP &RRUGLQDWHV 7KH ,QHUWLDO )UDPH (;H <H =H 
DQG7KH%RG\IL[)UDPHV %;E<E=E 

666
SRLQW = VS WRGHSWKDFWXDODVWKHSURFHVVYDULDEOH = WRREWDLQ
WKHHUURU H 

H = = VS − = (2)


)LJ 6\VWHP*8, *UDSKLFDO8VHU,QWHUIDFH 

LQVWUXFWLRQV WR WKHLU FRXQWHUSDUW FRGHZRUGV DQG DOVR H[WUDFWV 


WKHLQIRUPDWLRQUHFHLYHGIURPWKH529DQGVHQGVWKHPWRWKH 
*8,GLVSOD\7KLVSURJUDPUHFHLYHVWKHFRGHDQGVHQGVWKHPLQ
)LJ %ORFNGLDJUDPRIGHSWKFRQWURO
SURSHUWLPHWRWKHXQGHUZDWHU529E\WKHVHULDOSRUWDIWHUHDFK
WUDQVPLVVLRQ WKLV SURJUDP UHFHLYHV LQIRUPDWLRQ IURP WKH
XQGHUZDWHU 529 LQFOXGLQJ WKH GDWD IURP VHQVRUV E\ XVLQJ %\XVLQJDSUHVVXUHVHQVRUWKHQZHFDQNQRZWKHGHSWKRI
VHULDO FRPPXQLFDWLRQ EHWZHHQ JURXQG VWDWLRQV WR WKH WKHXQGHUZDWHU5297KHYDOXHRIWKHVHQVRUUHDGLQJVLVXVHG
XQGHUZDWHU529E\56SURWRFRO DV D IHHGEDFN WR WKH FRQWURO V\VWHP $V VKRZQ LQ ILJ 
IHHGEDFNFRPSDUHZLWKLQSXWVHWSRLQWDVWKHYDOXHRIHUURU H 
( (OHFWURQLF$UFKLWHFWXUH 7KH PDLQ IHDWXUHV RI 3,' FRQWUROOHUV DUH WKH FDSDFLW\ WR
(OHFWURQLF GHYLFH RQ XQGHUZDWHU 529 DUH HTXLSSHG ZLWK HOLPLQDWHVWHDG\VWDWHHUURURIWKHUHVSRQVHWRDVWHSUHIHUHQFH
PLFURFRQWUROOHU$UGXLQR0HJDDVWKHPDLQFRQWUROOHUUHDG VLJQDO EHFDXVHRILQWHJUDODFWLRQ DQGWKHDELOLW\WRDQWLFLSDWH
GDWDIURPWKHVHQVRUVDQGFRQWUROOLQJWKHWKUXVWHU,QDGGLWLRQ RXWSXWFKDQJHV ZKHQGHULYDWLYHDFWLRQLVHPSOR\HG >@>@
WKHPLFURFRQWUROOHULVDOVRFRQQHFWHGEHWZHHQWKHXVHUV&RQWURO 3,' FRQWURO WXQLQJ SDUDPHWHUV XVHG =LHJOHU1LFKROV
RI WKH YHKLFOH 8VLQJ 06%$ SUHVVXUH VHQVRU ZLWK DQ PHWKRG WKH UHVSRQVH LV FKDUDFWHUL]HG E\ WZR SDUDPHWHUV .X
RSHUDWLQJUDQJHRIEDUKLJKUHVROXWLRQPRGXOHPEDU
,W LV RSWLPL]HG IRU GHSWK PHDVXUHPHQW V\VWHPV ZLWK D ZDWHU WKH FRQVWDQWV XOWLPDWH DQG 7X  WKH WLPH XOWLPDWH  )LUVWO\
GHSWKRIFPUHVROXWLRQDQGEHORZ'&PRWRUGULYHUVDUHXVHG VHW . L = . G =   ,QFUHDVH . S  RQ V\VWHP XQWLO WKH JDLQ DW
WRFRQWURO'&PRWRUVDVDWKUXVWHUZKLFKLVWKHSULPHPRYHURI
XQGHUZDWHU 529 ,08 038 VHQVRUV DUH DOVR XVHG LQ VWHDG\ RVFLOODWLRQ WKH V\VWHP EHJDQ WR VKRFN ZLWK WKH
RUGHUWRGHWHUPLQHWKHFRQGLWLRQRIWKHSLWFKDQGUROODQJOHVRI SURSRUWLRQDOFRHIILFLHQWLQFUHDVHVORZO\$WODVWWKLVWHVWLQJJRW
WKHXQGHUZDWHU529DWWKHWLPHLQWKHZDWHU . X  DQG 7X  IURP JUDSK RXWSXW UHVSRQVH RQ )LJ  2WKHU
SDUDPHWHUV RI WKH 3,' FRQWUROOHU ZHUH VKRZ LQ IRUPXOD DV
,,, '(37+&21752/0(7+2' IROORZ
7KH 3URSRUWLRQDO,QWHJUDO'HULYDWLYH 3,'  FRQWUROOHU DUH
WKHVWDQGDUGFRQWUROOHUIRULQGXVWULDODXWRPDWLRQ7KHIOH[LELOLW\
RIWKHFRQWUROOHUPDNHVLWSRVVLEOHWRXVH3,'FRQWUROLQPDQ\
. S =  . X  . L = 7X  . G = 7X (3)
VLWXDWLRQ>@7KH\SURYLGHFRQWUROVLJQDOVWKDWDUHSURSRUWLRQDO
WRWKHHUURUEHWZHHQWKHUHIHUHQFHVLJQDODQGWKHDFWXDORXWSXW . =  7 = 
SURSRUWLRQDO DFWLRQ  WR WKH LQWHJUDO RI WKH HUURU LQWHJUDO ZKHUH X  X WKHUHVXOWVRIWHVWVDVVKRZQLQ)LJ
DFWLRQ  DQG WR WKH GHULYDWLYH RI WKH HUURU GHULYDWLYH DFWLRQ   $FFRUGLQJ WR WKH PHWKRG RI =LHJOHU1LFKROV WKHQ WKH
QDPHO\ . S =  [ = 
REWDLQHG YDOXH IURP WKH HTXDWLRQ   
. G =  [ =   . L =  [ =  WKXVREWDLQHG
ª 
W
G º
X W = . S «H W + ³ H τ + 7G H W » (1) + Sβ=.χ.L  DQG (1)
WKH YDOXHV RIα . . G  DUH(1)
REWDLQ IURP =LHJOHU
¬ 7L  GW ¼
ZKHUH X W  LV FRQWURO YDULDEOH H W  LV WKH HUURU VLJQDOV
UHVSHFWLYHO\ DQG . S  7L  DQG 7G DUH WKH SDUDPHWHUV WR EH
WXQHG 7KH 3,' FRQWUROOHU FRPSDUHV GHSWK GHPDQG DV WKH VHW


)LJ 7KH5HVXOWRI2VFLOODWLRQ5HVSRQV 667
1LFKROVWXQLQJWRIRUPWKHHTXDWLRQRI3,'FRQWUROOHUDVJLYHQ 
E\  

,9 5(68/7
7KHILUVWH[SHULPHQWZHWHVWHGXQGHUZDWHU529XVLQJRQ
RII FRQWURO )LJ  VKRZ WKH UHVXOW RI H[SHULPHQWV RQRII
FRQWUROLQVHWSRLQWRFFXUVRVFLOODWLRQLQPDLQWDLQLQJFRQWURORI
GHSWK7KLVFRQWUROQRWJRRGIRUXQGHUZDWHU529:HLPSURYH
FRQWUROV\VWHPXVLQJFODVVLFDO3,'FRQWUROOHU)LJVKRZWKH
UHVXOWRIH[SHULPHQWVRIFODVVLFDO3,'FRQWUROOHUZKHQXVHWKLV
FRQWURO DFWXDO UHVXOW FDQ IROORZ WKH GHPDQG OHYHO EXW LW
KDSSHQHGRYHUVKRRWDQGKDVDYDOXHODUJHHQRXJKVHWWOLQJWLPH
7R IL[ LW WKHQ DSSOLHG 3,' FRQWUROOHU XVLQJ =LHJOHU1LFKROV
WXQLQJ SDUDPHWHU )LJ  VKRZ WKH UHVXOW RI YHUWLFDO PRYHPHQW
WHVW =LHJOHU1LFKROV PHWKRG 7KLV FRQWURO VKRZV JRRG UHVXOW
FDQUHGXFHRYHUVHWWOLQJWLPHDQGRYHUVKRRW 
D 
2Q WHVWLQJ WKH PHWKRG RQRII FRQWURO RYHUVKRRW UHVSRQVH 
UHVXOWVUHDFKE\WKHULVHWLPHRIVHFRQGVDQGDVHWWOLQJ
WLPH RI  VHFRQGV ,W VKRZV WKDW WKH SODQ UHTXLUHV D EHWWHU
FRQWURO V\VWHP 7KH QH[W WHVWHG ZLWK D 3,' FRQWUROOHU DQG
DGMXVWLWPDQXDOO\IRUHDFKSDUDPHWHUWKHUHVXOWRIKLVUHVSRQVH
RYHUVKRRWUHDFKHVZLWKDULVHWLPHRIVHFRQGVDQG
VHFRQGVVHWWOLQJWLPH:LWKWKLVFRQWUROV\VWHPWKHUHVSRQVHRI
WKHSODQLVJRRGHQRXJKEXWHPSOR\OHVVWKDQLGHDO7KHUHIRUH
WKH V\VWHP DSSOLHG WR WKH 3,' FRQWUROOHU WXQLQJ SDUDPHWHUV
XVLQJ=LHJOHU1LFKROVPHWKRGWKHUHVXOWRIWKHUHVSRQVHXVLQJ
WKH=1LVEHWWHUZLWKRYHUVKRWVHWWOLQJWLPHVHFRQGV
DQGULVHWLPHVHFRQGV


E 

)LJ ([SHULPHQWDO UHVXOWRIFODVVLFDO3,'GHSWKFRQWUROOHU D YHUWLFDO
PRYHPHQWXSZDUGV E YHUWLFDOPRYHPHQWGRZQZDUGV


([SHULPHQWV ZHUH FDUULHG RXW LQ WKH SRRO ZLWK ORQJ P [
WKHZLGWKP[GHSWKPE\YDU\LQJWKHLQSXWSDUDPHWHUV VHW
SRLQW  DW D ZDWHU GHSWK 7KH SXUSRVH RI WKLV H[SHULPHQW LV WR
GHWHUPLQH WKH SHUIRUPDQFH FRPSDUH EHWZHHQ PDQXDO WXQLQJ

D  3,'FRQWUROV\VWHPVZLWK3,'FRQWUROOHUXVLQJ=LHJOHU1LFKROV
 WXQLQJPHWKRGRIWKHXQGHUZDWHU529LQSHUIRUPLQJWKHKROG
SRVLWLRQFRQWURO&RPSDULVRQRIUHVSRQVHEHWZHHQWKHFRQWUROV
DVVKRZQLQWDEOH

7$%/(, '(37+&21752/5(63216(

0D[LPXP 6HWWOLQJWLPH
0HWKRG 5LVHWLPH VHF 
RYHUVKRRW   VHF 

2QRII&RQWURO   

3,'&RQWUROOHU
 PDQXDOWXQLQJ 
  
E 

3,'&RQWUROOHU
)LJ ([SHULPHQWDOUHVXOWRIRQRIIFRQWURO D VHWSRLQW   
XVLQJ=1
FP E VHWSRLQWFP

668
9 &21&/86,216
,QWKLVSDSHUDQ3,'FRQWUROOHUGHVLJQZLWK=LHJOHU1LFKROV
WXQLQJ DOJRULWKP KDG EHHQ GHVLJQHG DQG LPSOHPHQWHG LQ
&20(7529$FFRUGLQJWRWKHUHVXOWVRIWKHH[SHULPHQWWKH
=LHJOHU1LFKROV WXQHG 3,' FRQWUROOHU HIILFLHQWO\ LV EHWWHU WKDQ
WKH FODVVLFDO 3,' FRQWUROOHU 7KLV SDSHU JRW WKDW
ZKHQ . X =   WKH V\VWHP EHJDQ WR RVFLOODWLRQ $IWHU
DGMXVWLQJ WKH SDUDPHWHUV RI WKH VFDOLQJ LQWHJUDWLRQ DQG
GLIIHUHQWLDO SURSHUO\ WKH HIIHFW RI WKH VWHS UHVSRQVH RI GHSWK
ZDV WKH EHVW ZKHQ . S =   . L =   . G =   7KH
UHVXOWVDOVRSURYHGWKDWWKHODWWHUFRQWUROVWHSFXUYHKDVVPDOOHU
RYHUVKRRWKLJKHUVWHDG\VWDWHDFFXUDF\DQGVPDOOHUDGMXVWPHQW
WLPH ZKLFK LV LGHDO WR WKH HIIHFW RI FRQWURO ([SHULPHQWDO
 UHVXOWV VKRZ WKDW WKH FRQWUROOHU LV HIIHFWLYH LQ FRQWUROOLQJ WKH
D  GHSWKRIWKH&20(7529

$&.12:/('*0(17
7KH DXWKRUV ZRXOG OLNH WR WKDQN WKH &20(78QGHUZDWHU
529SURMHFWWHDP PHPEHUVHVSHFLDOO\ 0U5RQQ\07UL6
'KDGDQJ6%:DQG$OL8IRUWKHLUVXSSRUWDQGLQYROYHPHQW
LQILHOGWULDOVDQGH[SHULPHQWV

5()(5(1&(6
>@ 'HSWK &RQWURO RI 5HPRWHO\ 2SHUDWHG 8QGHUZDWHU 9HKLFOHV 8VLQJ DQ
$GDSWLYH )X]]\ 6OLGLQJ 0RGH &RQWUROOHU 5REROWLF DQG $XWRQRPRXV
6\VWHPQRSS
>@ ( < +RQJ + * 6RRQ DQG 0 &KLWUH 'HSWK &RQWURO RI DQ
$XWRQRPRXV 8QGHUZDWHU 2&($16  ,(((  6\GQH\ SS 

 >@ 3$'H%LHWWR)X]]\/RJLFIRU'HSWK&RQWURORI8QPDQQHG8QGHUVHD
E  9HKLFOHV,(((-RXUQDORI2FHDQLF(QJLQHHULQJYROSS
 
)LJ ([SHULPHQWDOUHVXOWRI9HUWLFDOGLVSODFHPHQW=D[LVXVLQJ]LJOHU >@ 6 0 =DQROL DQG * &RQWH 5HPRWHO\ 2SHUDWHG 9HKLFOH 'HSWK
QLFKROV D YHUWLFDOPRYHPHQWXSZDUGV E YHUWLFDOPRYHPHQWGRZQZDUGV &RQWURO&RQWURO(QJLQHHULQJ3UDFWLFHQRSS
>@ .-$VWURP$GDSWLYH&RQWUROQGHG$GGLVRQ:HVOH\
>@ . $VWURP DQG 7 +DJJOXQG 3,' &RQWUROOHU  7KHRU\ 'HVLJQ DQG
 7XQLQJ /LEUDU\ RI &RQJUHVV &DWDORJLQJLQSXEOLFDWLRQ 'DWD YRO QG
 HGSS
>@ %&.XR$XWRPDWLF&RQWURO6\VWHPLQ3UHQWLFH+DOORI,QGLD397

>@ ';<&KHQDQG'$WKHUWRQ/LQLHU)HHGEDFN&RQWUROLQ6RFLHW\
RI ,QGXVWULDO DQG $SSOLHG 0DWKHPDWLFV 





669
670

You might also like