Instruments and Measurements

Experiment No.12
Umar Durrani— CMS ID: 41164

1 Objective
Familiarization of inferential statistics and the implementation of standard
deviation via python software

2 Tools and Equipment

We will use a PC (personal computer) and the anaconda software

3 Theory
Standard deviation is a widely used measurement of variability or diversity used
in statistics and probability theory. It shows how much variation or
"dispersion" there is from the "average" (mean, or expected value). A low
standard deviation indicates that the data points tend to be very close to the
mean, whereas high standard deviation indicates that the data is spread out
over a large range of values.

From a set of data with n values, where x1 represents the first term and xn
represent the nth term, if xm represents the mean, then the standard deviation
can be found as follows

1
4 Methodology
First of all we will make a program on python therefore it will be made via the
notebook i.e. jupyter notebook then via this notebook we wil construct a
program of standard deviation which is as follow
1. First we will make a data set and store the respective values in it
2. The we will take the respective length of the data set which is a value
and store it in ‘n’ variable
3. Then via the above given data we will take its mean
4. Subtract the mean with the respective elements of data set and store it
in dev-mean variable list
5. Take dev-mean variable square
6. Divide it with the respective length
7. Henceforth finally take its square root
8. Consequently we will place all the variables in the function with their
respective formulas and whenever we will call that function it will
evaluate the standard deviation of mean

5 Code
The code for the standard deviation is as follows
1. Evaluation of standard deviation without a function

2
2. Evaluation of standard deviation with a function

3
6 Conclusion
After performing the above experiment hence we can conclude that python is a
very powerful software with which we can evaluate not only the standard
deviation of any data set but also the other parameters and statistics of the
respective population or samples