D 1D pele Werbredsya fea. Dilleventiqne Ye Pre niade be PPE Sythe, CSeteck sy sters anal — HHeLlateel systere- Tharmedy hamics is a Seton, wihict deals orth fhe Interaction by Qrergy FG wraderial systems + gE ts basically craaifs wit four Laws know as ceren, tires second & third Law of ternedynartes * _Dilkerendale, Fhe Wer stbly nanite Sy ste? Mtoaheck tees O open System { thergy crosses Me boundary 5 Cabtecl ran oper Fy ster - fay A Comprenior he wRch ate erty at tow pressure and leaves | Ea fy air oO | cress te “Sys boundary + ab Atgh pressure Also MHTy translers pO ctautieyieeeg Us Harvredy hande Systen th whith — Emery Crests Hh He boundary ts calted Cfosad Sy sieew .pressor, car battery, pressure Bx. Compression af air Im 60m » wesvalet r Be 4 7” vied! | amy £ | pwedony {; HI) Howe Cony & mnie bousdary , flim dhe Syste ealied “Ta CR Termin Flaite D sqate 20k tow of the resel ynavsier walt £ adiatade walt». oa Sader Uhl Pf live hedier ae py, TM wk a thn hoy, then they ie ta the ack ovker Thermal epuiSibrian (F edly A by perth Dawe Therma egeint brite fea ‘ Cousseer three bodies fh, 0 Ard © at Barve mw themed egurtibrivn & ccovdlty to eeretk Law, Vhernred CGH beta Accordmy Jo teok Lo as Sham mn fg a, Body hese | depts be Thareet— eta itt ~ 1 i Rederence bedy, | measured: erareal eid | ey sneer) Theva Cfualtran | | Ceatterattn >| properties, Properties, PD Intensive Tuole perolert Om which are game fey tative Syston properties Zt if paewivt eee Temperature , PrESures dametty » specie vehune the- @ wuensive property: cohich are cleperelint — ow He wass of te tysten are called antitly Proportionas Yo tase OF HE Fite, extnsive Propertes - These are cen valitek, OPES» Length, change fem te Heap Ytauling From a Hermecoup dest junchon th gag & ovter reference junction a4 fee having 4S 90s Ushy Far yeroometer 16 fourel #0 be fond » The Fere of Tr caPebrabedt with Gad Varytoy Ainearty $O%C + Thermo couple Harnre couples fess Junction ts tee pone © Steam Perk when at tC & veberence Junction at es Blo Ue oo kepe 9 928 Jee point , the tone @ = ovat milli wa hts 1 tu ocoupe ay S$ OF relation as ty, = athenas Hevmnmeter £ emg ah te pons of C= 012 MOF HIS x0 eon at Stan pomt 4= foot € = 0-2 KIOO = S$ KO Hoo = ioe b> Pe ow © sod x50-S Kok y Sot =O. g5uL Met adtse —Q as i£@ Porm t= 0, exo Ofathro ero ab Slams pomt ty, =locrc , Cz1suu We = ot bHiE b= leo 1 fe D becomes , $2 ot 12 ¢_ lee G is Fe oS whan the gas tHeyrroruter real Fo" C, wilt wead . velation as es mad ~ FX 107 4% He thirere Cote Le) & pene hed Fre Mhermrndnareicns sh , rer Mas barbe fs fuanctton + pat Lge debwal as ta Foye of trergy , Wat 4 tranche Mal Ht Nranckersect rnc a boundary by VENT OF a Mey dittertnas. work ek transfer compolerd as occuriny Me He Syston B surrounding Conpiolr O ctor sy Hem euder g04Kp & charge oF State trom [nas lef us consicler foo Procemts & bb Conmectry te ert Stabes Vand a+ oork transer luring Process 1- A-2s = area below Ye curve® 1-4-3 a fray wowk transder —oluarig Yer procers [~d~ > veg selow he Curve Io bod bf pave fo the area below sme lelow He curve 1-a—2 1F hot eguel arte. he curve Eb NM feltows tad Work transler elperete ow THe Patt the Y stem passage rough bifere arvivay at the Frol state, \ Wy luork is a Pat1 i aire es one ee, ! Dan GAMAY - comterins tke ofa cortam Fhutd as an MMibet pressure Of Bobar. The Pfui Ie altowed vO eeranel veversthty behind a piston accoreing Yo Law purse Con stad vote Ye Vokme te doubleal * The tlurd ts then coakeal Yeversib-G et \ dusters prersure undile fe fisher games Ws orignad Poscdion. Heel it then Supphreg WeVersAD, WK Hho pinlon Hip ty Lockad in Position wrhilt Ya Presture vysex to thy OrYmel Value, a Pobar- Carcutate the Werk clove 4, yy, Alar for an ital Volure : od 0. 05m? Rotary, pwr? => > Ike , Var 2b, oy osm, Pp, Process 4-2. » ‘ a a {3 swe JoRly 2 Lav. au reo “ ee dee (5 %) £ wu ve cao x Ve Quy \ Wien = ROK ICO x oS - FOO XI KO- yea % Fook /As- process A-3C Ae h,) Conta Pressure Process eas 2 Pa (Ve) = Seo (0 > B¥ors) =~ 2S0kT Process B- 2 Constant Volume process. dv bu AVies Wry =o RN Or = Uy Pt ba, Se0- arery D state He firsts Law of Vhermedyha mince phi eed tedte as And Won - €yesie process. Pre precy = > fam > pra fk of the revody names Applied te cy etic Process Tt states that” Untes @ sy sien WM 9006 cy btic Charge , Ye 7 ak, algebratc Sum of The work transtey 7, Proportiowel the Hs atoch aebron sum Of He heat tranger™ 16 OSu= 7650 $= ey chic Weyrak fer He cResed path, J => proporditnally comrdank rine [y: ib Sus 450, Fire floss of tarerndpnants applied fo Min telle Preass, wsley gody B Rew cycle " for a closed — Syste Zh Slates Yad quanunt 04 kegb transtrnush {0 tHe Syston he at art Prowcs % Qi He ausund of werk transherned drow Hu Seiten TO ots He Yee WhICh ly ; Hortd th He 494 Cuen gy transker Ow wih 42 Sore calle ol rhiernal OAs Mw, 9 -w ~AE whet AF = chaste ty atirndl Corry OF the Sysdorsoy Q = AE te PE tare are heort Seay, dranidey quansihes wel he proces as shaun as dy. Fen 7 fa gans O14 O)- 6s CU Hu,-u,- wy) H4E- %, ws wT wn > Lorie fe Neady flew bhergy efuation Treki caulrry anit reas hh Ha Por —o| za POO TITITI ITT ry pry, Paber Rew | | w (Bari) vern(Srr9ds) 6 | DA tee ebovt slaady de Risto Syston fSurd enters ent heavy dha Codrep, vebone ! Thre fs no accumu! ation ot eee enbtgy one our He terbrod youme and HaSe prop ertte s ak any hocation with Te dee roubeP veDuene ave eeady wah oe lw, A, A, 7 Cress Section avea of pipe ad ted ny b Ow in rst we cyetn Process (Pow Yate MM /ser ot trtey med twig fe pPe Pretunts Fh Mint at troy & ois. Vi Uy > See VoBumes Py wS/Ky BH try $F exty OG 3 Vedecihes mK wil sec ok Chey & Cre E, Fx > THlermad erences DM ke key at orby Serer z ey > Neiple od trtry eat pine dro an arkitrary he hn Q Pe We. heak transler Kroiyh Comrod Surface dh thee wom wd vate of Cert transfer trek He comrtrot surta a Tae $B Hae m seconsls, oer «Pt Steady dfow prowss dows at He Dm yee at ate Kyfem, Th Hui ped too Ky Is Of Kaas Bas eee ters af a veloctty of 220 HIE, ve! of Chae, Dorval eotrry dove kr ly, Specie Velunn of pressure eee & dearer He System veloc, of Ikomlr, pressure ab oa 6. 36 Milky dalernat CROrPY thoes [kg Speectic Vehune bt M7, of tee bare ——rt—r—————— Mys the Change bX Potential Crengy ty Weg decd + Neo anekysam = 267 Ke Woe tee KD Je 5 car) © OSdies rnpees a =— 6, > revo Ky [hy RE te 7 oy = hom /t 1 Pr UD bar spr 0 kepa La tthoote fey 4, Vyr bIM) My op bre zo. weil SFER p cA * . [ernvt Lived 4 gan (Benn Sage, few . 2008 + Co oe Bre? 2 ore boox 26 Bee Pax 2, Jaleo £367 [hee + rox er + het neers Jou doco a _ 8 keg. 53 + 267 (9812, ~48I71) = SRU6 GTR Ls = 8uo 8 SIt OT Fag ur = UO OkKMLS = paw do Shes shot Kelvin PRank Statement & chausius Sbeterrens are eputvalent » 20 Vechatter of Kelvm pilanck Slotenuu ot heals to Wo Patton Chausius Statens leh as asuue Hat Ve Kehr — Phaich states 9'y on Co rye ed Berk ge POs Fo Construct A devPee (HE) whick 25 workag cyetically , abserts heat Cri, O, from a sawrce ak demp T, & Porteres an -egusvalent aout el were @, eu)censidtr enether cy RBtrall, woenkng dewtee (HA) we herk ag ond: heat (IS Oz drow a Wererreiy ch Wmw - pee Leal (MIT Dy do RAgh temp nesirre (%) | Te a rrone Sith His coor We, alene On dhe d terre (HP) + The en tea Has Tt deg nee ute Late ESauspus Statement © i nad Hermenclynans'e£ 5 Q, = 2th constoby “the condination et mee HP a Sigh dive - Fre the ComPred aystow @s FO, nigh Hoperakene dheral yecerver Eee ® Tt @ Jaw emperatere reservetr Herat pipk Koperaer€ ereel reser Geared) 7 Thera! eeserveranna Free the heat punt ig giceus of hear 13 supple if to hal empihe APEC Ohmecting troy Sou Ce ab OP T+ AY neregerm TS LUO eel Po iy. wt arternal ROOK Cy, Yon | Ha puny “Chaustus sgatemonts py Viokasoal. Hence tha. vfopa of kelvin — flank » SMe Leads 4, the i viehation of chaustus Hatewond + we eke : oh ahem! BH RAMS US Statteend “Meade. $0 vipkedten, al Kelum = planck rjadenent » beh assume Yat He Rawr Starerunt fe tecormed tre, 1h IS Possibe to ‘Construct © HP suth Het 1 Aransherr erangy @ from a dow ep © body to a MtAk HP « doaly Unathate by Any ectormet arency. considar anctter — clevice (HE) WWAICK yeceives heat 9, From a high ere body , delivers Work WW $ vesege beak Cmerpy - wow conjider the Comdinatvon vt HP “HE cas a srple device « thre Comment device workag eetically adsords @,> @, Dgdvng He Rew ep -reservoir T, Unalleted ft, He wht we sudbny devpee oO. Petre B wAICK TE dhe vieloron of Pre deol vant Pale sc tadcmaend: . we & cAausius shokenends gre 1 tte Kelvin ~ plank Stake aquivaler’ *| High temperature | Wigh densperatine ee oe L Te | | (fovmee) \ i 49 1 Q52 O40 —_ u > we Va (ie )< Cue Pg 7 ic 1 ® Low Heperatare Fler h yes ervere | Lows denyeratere 1 = | saewea) rose vow ss 3 Ce ® DA heat poy Larkng om a vevrsihe “cycke tants Pe heat fron a reyervey ap S%C oe leBtvers Mead to Jew Hp weevae ab boc ~The beat famp ts driven by a Atak @rgrne akg heat from Source succe A vefeds feat fo dow Kat ee ser ven ar Gore The Crythe catso alvives a Machme wh BeKw “capacity . Ope, ee drone igh Yenye reservotr Th the eet al Fee + Oekrnine , ® vase oy keat thes tyrone veservorr at euro e © vate ch beat Teseded to Sine ab 60°C: =D OT, Fhe + BWIIT NIK Ta > 60+ 2777 333" Ts grr p72 arr Wop Wl ee 8 Cl arte | Qir2 , Git 7?y= Eek. duan237 , “ 7 m3 =e 78. ‘ _ 333 Zee ; “333-358 6-o¢ = (2 Wun ap 2 2 SOrer IS fy t War = Jor 2.805 > 2a-Boske Ye = Yt - 5 ga+90S a Q, = 46 8b kw 0-70 = Rate A heat “wesecich to the reservoirs of bo8¢ We = O17 O, Jae FAG .56— Oy Or = Nhe oe ke Qatds St theostlt MP Fe Oekw _ SN fee ) UI: -Vm arenaton dee Fedor kik oy pad dee Pr eeers Ev reuer stb he >@ pack Spud 5 chung 40 prevent Wh Me tram ter threat a Gane Mog aileron ea BL ach PL PE epee Hl bn ites ee eH Paar (ore yevereth @ due de Atiipahive efter ae pagetiions BP paddle vobeel wots PP raptars aevach le OC dlueritbg precere Sard vo be DEVE A Le helk Ma syste 4 we pee Ws cecns econ pe Cts he veloc Yee Uhain Wescott fe Mial sha te, By veversmy abe divedtion of prece ist fe | ” ~% y > de vepperented dy A Bad bea syd Weta UNO) Oi mt a we 1M hy taMoving Hee WE DOs ahd Syrtees be dahon de Salso He tured ys ore reggerenl der Cate Wha Males, Sve chong tt ts praductad y thew the Process Ad ifthe a how seve state procesce Revantbh THMcess consiits da futession of eq iitibriuw — (abe An a Drace . % Wabyrad PPO Corrie Od ak a Fiethe gradi Fe 0 We tvey aj VELL Pees ALC Sp OKINK 66 ouitle Vreteriag Ort>. = -_ a! 1 il Bi estvgs COs be evga, Orraks WoT T+ The cage | Cronos wepecdedt By KS ensine sy wecehed ty Second FEVOSe eipne de kent 05 resect to mde OF Ts Fhn i that @ For Sane wsorke T-ty asivenudie mrdan’ Of, ty @ For sau eMiciene, T ty geonadrte Maan AT ET = Oy | fase GL For eguet elivetonere Ques 7 lwes. Th - T(4-7) =7, (T-%) AMINE Et) T,7-T2e 7A Peth [= 7, case (i) 1 - For equal work sutrasb> pak Se POV Hauser Depuel'ty. SS pyar Sy deter Met woke watever a Sy sdewr underyers ck a 7 cyclic Change . tHe algebraic Sum a he eaeraitions Aid by he absolde tmp a Fee en eee ee rca tae faking place Over the Ondine cy bs ess tan or oeat te peror a 6 Proof } 7 _— 4 | pret” > ee poet ave «| t e c \ 8 \ d@s v Consider a ea nee let AB pre tad ce yer siste oF provers he & art yeversth kes ler He ele be divided Me ag Shown m ig.a For ons of thew cheudary gtle. Lhe, AQ = Heat Supetned of ee The da, = Heat reed at fey T, + yg Eni edtiamney wo TaveveninG eddies aw Me SG, srile ec well relabion ay 0x pO D worile Awol tr lam dee ben, 1 b 1 love Beads SS op pure Subsdaner Oxtty DK a smelt — phase for Omky toe legen, cent vavinbter® BL He O9ht Guanbbes BV. T.S Un Ge (FH Mele 4 LUN; ket function & br > Cribbs tunebou) MY OnE Mray be OKPreEd as a &, Sebo of any feo bHurs = for a Tere substance Uncles Joby am tii Sal yp pversihte q Prececs , wehave, du = Tas - Pav du _dut poly + VAP = Ths +d ae = du-TAas SA T= pd ~ SAT ~~ ~~ WePwhole fun av - TAF Sar = Vapy Sar ~~~ Uribe Font aG 4 SF cacy okttterOatials are Hhercvonlynamde property sma v, HFL& ef He type 7 d (5): dhe above for G4” a dx thy thenOve poradr on of ® : p< raaloew pectin AV wre oeet sue cue | AN tated pen a ehausius— Chapyren — equadion Ts relabron chip bey th Ship Faberatiinn pressure , ery, He tnthaley fe vapenass Hee Speech ation a rea bre Vokume @F the too Phas Mvetved . IP oblad Femmecl. by Meuse of Prariett Felation as felloum ot ),* Ge), consicler he chonee of Stade from saturated Breese to saturated” — Bpurl to saturasecl VaPeur % & pune seatgy which takes PAK at cons, ber - Dury evareradon 5 ee precsune & Here an Trelerotens af Volume + entepy of cataves vapeureel bec sy = SCHIC eober we ef sakieaded Var ” " tM gered aise ‘ a vy- et Me oe 55, cevease mm ERCCC eobcery Vip 2 TRENT Be pete hey 2 Jases Kany of Fvtgmatin ob saturation oe J de 2 hes ee es = fe ~ at we Ty @ ce ty Keown ge oF Oe HUE Claptiyen efx tor ewarmraten of peuids ob wiry Fe * a fern a WRT @® eens, ay, Me BE ar Ty ERE ar* e _ RU de hi- o e —® ly af vervsnn enann fy tnt clone 7 ge btam @ be used tye pT diye, TEegor o@ af. pelle e Tr Pitepraty an pa: ha ee he Av, fe a Bercy He Vepom preauil co wdby te Fetriple poms D Critical PA al > 0 sun coohed Bpret Tt Ty one tolece temp ty below [ty saturation tery OF the give Pretture. Perd where Lt the fhwee Phases of bee ede bo Ox hy etutlibrrun. The trip. pet o PA pe of wale voccurs ab lesonm Hy pressure ® IMIS ‘Critical Pomt Sy Tt is tHe division By the behaviour of thuid asa vapour € 957 RY Yor o kiphey phan dhe Cth ced HF. He Vapour beams . ‘ DRS AY Ottical pone Ka enthaltn ot Cvaperabioy, ECS TIO Lae, water aly a porab'oy, Vet, er cred ly charges Bio dvy shdurated Steane Fer ooter artheal pomt oCars mmprame daped dar & 4 sey oh 3 thilS oc- woth mead FREI feplam dhe workay of a thee Wang celermader + ty th fo dadernme He dryness Mache J vel Wen fle steam y Keavest te the dvy colt ty & Had mroderakt Press: Te works os te prety is Ka ( ik oi en aé sitan Ans marr’ euitaby + FE AR pipcleyade Pressure “a adieShe auc de exhaust” theo ts carted perry ¢ pastel Horeyk % werkiy samphng tube mserted rnWte 2 at ts Constrichion tn throttte a mam PPe cotta deny Odernal caug oop ™ Pressurk values thal woorle s Wert Steam 9th Hrowba + Deep ate See den & EE ge tee | NY Chanter & ten Powe mie the bo tke & Oukey Chowter- The HOF of terete stam -_ —=~—_* ee ee Yea rmomiltr + Harold tek Steam « is peano water wrearuts ae pressunt ef Me The odvyvess beaction can be Caletated oF ba tlor dy p, & presere of eee ie isle by setowation Heo of fears alk ct P, hag > Colhaley ef Seperarien « od steam adder Heli ing PF Pressure> + more 2 Saderasion feN tm ay — de. PM tye Co St has op coat ‘pty healed steam, Hea Ted head of Saktvaded “Steam fh ri FMP Kea teol Shean Fer Hrottlinns preeess, Ling > deny wh. ET Ree “Gs Belert rst dny at 9 = haley & Hem steer iealng at A. 4 hy Ada = Han + Cy Cdag” #4) Has 40r Ch ~ 1a) ~ky ho hn, eb he steam min pie Wehy 2 Cembned Sparaficy § Heeling -Calerinuler , the followinp Anta cas obbermad presrure of Steam am the Hiea~ yrarks> thhar Prusinre of Steam adier thetly =[-lfhay op adler throttling = (ae weir codlected Wthe Separater> obey Stam Condemseck abter arotilng 2 6. TSI: Dilermne the Condition ve Take Cp for Superkeated steam - of —the Steam Dn the | as Take Cr 224 ie = pg 2 DAT Ih 7 r dof = ¢ Lathy } 6, fbar 14, Re’ Dy Su ry OF A=) 2 Beh th3eq 7 c . G4 als |e © arativg Caloris g stem Wr feP Dryness fraction & yy SE ye gee? x thet bine Stem We 0 ne Dryness Fraction oftoh Ce md p ’ We bay hy a Whey BGK , ny Aes toy eae 45) 189-9 Klay ba 6 rt bry. we hace Mee Hy A, ' wot OX hy, BANC L i) torn be BoP 4x) @ XIX IGF = 26d tae (iae~ tous) XP 0 9619 Dryveu freien (8d Stan mo mam kr My HM 5 Ond2ES 04 bF = 0.902 ‘9 Explain tHe reasons dor — deviakons Of Vander walls Cg brew dead gas OFF" Substance whieh obtys the => pr that ges 15 oe Peasy vetaton PVs RTs fhe teleal IA eye He foltoune susp tie wert ade ge darivay Lille or ve aleatio. SK He eo houses xf the pas? O chore 7s © Th vehume occupica by prokecules thenselver Ig heghipitly seal Compared te the vedume of 944 oe GAS CREB ved Very Large ne of ® ary brite ep Recles + oe. ges ad the Condibo , ner : To @ralyse been develored* (p+ S)O-4 \ veacts 7s Spee Whe ' (gm, Meagan Po Ort ti Oty A> tonuned 4, UMeis{thoneuyt e Fe Covataal 14098 Lhe : The Coebtend al 9 Weber Weeous dor tee evi 4 ¥ manttual AMT ALON big IM Sseiets «rte unis a tal bt dare Ylogbell Tha leans Aft We tattad tea Mee of ruteany, Vande wal Or NE NM Ohayer by a HO ga 6 dg ail range pr sue 5 Hone D vile a nole om Grepresthistly Cad uiDily ChAT be phalted eth % aertes a ple generat compressnibily UNA te piles Hs Kare thts oy Conshruued by pheltig be used dew any 7OS° 1, te values ob Te edd i edi omnntr mere gases anal Can hts chart provides ome ot FM secu of tnpreting deviation Grom thet Ipehavfour Kg tees Cepusd wile an aecurerg FTA 9 ty Kaclor fess Lo hog a Compre ctl ef with th then Untdy 1S more Comprtcsdhe thar perdea s+ > Pract peau eed’ pressuas Pr ; _—rhe th foo. PhS yvabiny cere bo snes ay Se ee compeessMty Car § OAL alt Hop eras p @ nd the deny epuat a ane te tee fey Ftd) & abe, pet ever (te Stde rape we od Peltsupe op de Bee Pout ha critical pr sre (ho) BD The comprossih(tity facor at ta ceived perd be . RM 55 called Ceitiged Compre siihilily ig food te Me ae do On 2B EF for Ab subs tem Cer Ze equ D Determine the PEE SSure extricd by carson a Conair Of nS” Capactly when H Contams okey 42K, > Varder walle C¢* * constands fOr Co, MF a = 6G KY wt fig moe > Tdeak gas eg™ Take vandor walls 1e 0. 0u2t mM) woe wn eee = ppt 77s Fook, My > veers T dD ydeat gos CO" ee 316 = am lar ts we 119% 4 e x300 bs py nar 7? sate 3. Feber ander ~ wal Busey Wards4] a i . (r Steg netted | . ici) C18 a enous) + dave v3d0 { Pe DA Ate hie otha ait De pele. | 0 dry bath eayrratine © BD Wel hal feongrretenr DD em RO fenptradire + >! 0 pry bus hguntte (oer) . Oy The ten of ate neeasupea hy oe ortincy | hug + Parmeteler © is Houmas Dry bush wd ald! femrntentone Clow r) to pow oer ar weasuredty a ts covered wile wel chore © ertresed |b Har wreneter when tee bull fo @ tums oF air tS Ramm 25 catd ble HP | @ ders tom sen (07) p hast i | Tits the tewp ab which mefidere presen covalanse When He ab fe canted » DPT dtgent il Fy te aie bets te | | | on the Selunatvon, Yor ef walt VAROUE MHA Huchne Of ade € wwouber Vapour + | aI The dd Develop on expression dotermme SAS Coustend of a | haxture of Moat gases « i | RT > fy os Hs ayers | ty Va tol Fer gas B, Adding He two O¥Vahey ret, (NOI (nye aletmyn, By Patten sp Amok PFU (rgb tee )T Fev miwtose Pye eRT -—G) comparing FQ: mR > Rat hohe R> R, + TR he R > VPs +o Po But webeauinn went fae Ls Dp mntere composition | a , . © the geavimetsc cere : fer RTE constant & _ Ke. o tee D> Xe Me" . vere at the av wt” mone one——e-— bras content R> = 02 2b ms lee donee Graurmebve COmmesitvon 87 866 frances Mea, es Was = “Econ compo en 7, cy Avinetric ge BEM COg HEE) OnE MISY 5 (Ot berDp? Shade eres ‘ ol they of jepontere MOF gebivg veg DF eualily Hoptrabae s Com cides 4, te Sy sheen, with Hermody x FF ymanre Properties potter Ly, de ky These SY sheer, Cnt nuadle HO ater ard With ack ih tack ther te “ orey, adlabedic walle FE pe Seen hed MO Change BR Mey ncedl: gre ttes OF ~~ freer Te hee Fy dene CUR adler @ Peng peried of 4, et yen a | | | : FY Stews | ben a coat a Paes bathe tic Hall pen feb Ke adiabatic walt rertaced by ‘Htattermne wall + Th tre gystens ere Row TMHrards watt eacde other SO8E Hebe wall + Then the ferrodynandc “properties of doth Synperss Charge Peidly + Firat, thers stops avd both the ty stony + Comme fo eg uti brian s hange site DY, The Charge gtate of ore edicts Wa Chore ef stk Other. : ee epi 0s cteahaal) bo 12 oe Bester ob henge bog Finally when epaldbreut property artines & Commer wats for beth tee syste bet Mie preps wee cau as temp thet “Ref fhe Hoe Syren conkiderd have tfarmael Therwal CPB Rem’ Be on Ga read ga D the dey Gt , Fey FS em a tee poses stake related te Jey ected wt Ye preperte MIby Ye el n Folate so adeneyt 5 Ae ave contains > rh do Deckman + Th valice of x cons fesmol te A ® dove TA ad Mke tee p. 1, Pemmt — & dean pared wth art Bteithend weve he mo © SIC “re spectivt, On Coking reele « Deleredine the ‘ = atset Yemperating 4" correspond peratine 4 Pods Ye 0 rendhy of % Ctuel to VE de n log x4 BR —O pom t= Oe ve eh? } OFA som Late —D al Steam Paint £ > tote &¥ 1 eo =A Loy, +2 +B —G) SPVmp ahove dam PF Om ALOR UI = Ah ege Wd +6 pas XI um PEPAB Bz —zorkt ge © Wis Qa ss x Lemer ~ F te ee RETO peb at needs. t= VII Tw hoy 26 = G6 60°Mis pho couch i ey dha ans Ch wee ov Ve work done Cdy adtahalrc process PAO" ty PUTO, ihn Yoh, | pgplaceent watt e be 1 Derr A Warn * y war 7 t v, ow) 7 Wey bwy-2 - ir po yrs B “8 Dep pose & SHE tawlergerr #0 proces ewe after he other contlans presen process at 0 Pressure ep 6 bay tron init ob QeeTn” fe prog ne Tt tr feltoued Ly paby tropic Ofpaneren Pree ee eens vefuas toon fina! edune suetch te tuo! proeeses oe Puede ¢ tinal Fel after €xparyien + @ werk dene | pressereWerk dent + fie Shay = seoken Vas orotn? ; Vy sean? Py? topen Bigs Whey 2 ovat 22 For He process (-2 yes FA CUa-y) 2 $00 (0.07 ~ 0-03) > 30Kr7: vgs co wot \Fa 9) = Seen (254) = IRD L KEM | A 1 ~ BY, oon OM . Was = ee ook Ip xeea Boks Web wort Lun > Wy t Was Bot 31-95 2 e1.95Ks oa — 2)9 State He tt hay ef thermodynanves for a Cycle = Obtarm ay — KX prarycon for the 1” tary Process “ Vereredpnanics for a Clated cyte Urcltrzoto chany’e OF Stele & PrOve trad internal EMerey Js a prepety | Th States that “Unters 4 Syren Unskiesees cyelse Chase He alpebrere Sues of He ete transite Proportional te the algeherc SY ot the Leas he (aA prt’ ~bo Sh so fF eee SL ee RMD At ber te based pate nr i fgw. 6.5m FoAem od bharrrooly raves — far ox Desoot Sete edeny, Lr — precess), n PF State that " fer a cloted Systems noley (ier) An yeh ere, is te eee ee Wo He yy, Yi. & SW? Gr dke Onreuny ef Wark trandereedt browse the Sesto. the wep Cee tramstre O. yiht be Store on the ee Cn ey Talernat ehersy or enensy ed He System", Q-we ae Waker AE = Chane ih three! meray Of the “Ky sten, @=46 tu x¢ Have are were Qniray transder . tuanetier volved Mika p Yee as She wry, @s FO, ~ = Cy tury, OL) Hae Qs aeThe pate 4 Sa togeier E Wenn = EDena« Comstdsy Mision whith Chagas ng pene fae tee oe Ftowrg pate 6 Tthemm doom ate 4 ay daftaning tte Cale 2 We Sy ten wncalbesecr. % 4Ee | we com show Veet AE, =~ACe, Sinatar by i on i Stealy fkees covbiticn | Dp sis fiawbae « peredrng lncer Healy 4 conden re cates seaue ch a Sey vate et Oe Kg 1 + comol f se at Ferbre Mmlet ere spocttie enthaley 1X,> 2 300K (IF of shtan y | BES 2 gowls, evatron 2, ahee The covolityous at the sveke ct ' qurbee vadted are SPF CF enthalpy ha = 23 S0kz)ey ,velocits Cy eter ws & clevatrow 2 Him Heat Bess te the soursPs ok r/s. UShP ee, ty lo ow pet cf Ke tarde kw petty Seaky ow egy ene as ap + ft + 2B Voorn [ae ee ® os [ascot Soe + ase Jone ere [a80e BEL Lyne = Im EET Pe gar. Pane o #tk D> Gate He Eeitabe eft Jaw of thermody nomics =D 6D plaag no YEtithen on the dnechion ot Koa & were © nat i Atndateh on fhe conversion SF ORS Fae af crenoy In fe another’ ® A, Cavrret heat eying wperates L gene beep 08 TK + Dilbevence +e te Source of gram boop TH da wort “developed by He carne vegans i by He carwed engin kenl vejecled by area FIM fo de ChE, dng te ederccency ef He Carnes rye False cower Wey Al Oke jong DT --.wk pw OCR 7 au) w Years Rul ©: 6. -@, 0: 7k9, -4,-6 ¢ Fy 1 Ihe,oH 1a as enbs DD Prove that ‘We head erga Ts nore efercse Phan A reversih@ hear epi, When seth Cafes Operate Dh He Cycle by Samo Ye Mette 1, £% wih T>T- SW stake thet att heat LP9RE Crereany a & Jiven Conte Fey source a gttn OMtent feng sas mere Laver Atpher ellactoney than a ivnstite thyme “4 Source |Fee a ret quantities bar aine Be Smee hes qhety dare ch on wie be ats a feat pug (He pie eee ced 5 On Ore | ‘ Grace Wig 2 Wet Fone in. ed tn fo Avior the haat Purse (AP)a* Tle vat cbteet 7s Herat, (ae con gpilide « head erpine Pre Aury Pte ete te cig ere etera ctr 2 his Veosabes He kedum — Pfane “ bh Sheenund of Hee srcmndd fen ad her edor Yenc te artanwien npnBekwee ss | Yeversub. Chpmes Ate. warkay om carect mS Cyede Bptrate I serdes Suck . Hood Gupmme rece? Kent fens Source Sarsamed ab 600k & resects heat geyrne B Dulerwredyabe She Waatdeteed OT # Ye as hate | deceiver foal 1Qeded by tryte A thresh were a fo a sie Mmamatined af oc K Sone yededs haat both dhe tyytnes fave Same diretency , clatermone 18 tor Tr of dhe a terwscainge fds eltictiny te ttermediade Her: D> For Lame Shows thet far a veversib-e Covrdud D p storing bron Tow LPS Ore process” ’ Be (S.-H) 2 Or FH (%) ce Comsdent pressure pre CESS. ree , ual G se ’ | 4a tie a | v . » nO lel the hey Headed 4 AE eaten precnure A SOPAEL AWE Cecaleae prague prwereis 9 > OC q-n) Vay sel RCM eet dQ Gt de a 2p by drs Oe *> Depeabry Leth culeg Fase cy fe aa he Keetet vever cn & D sky 4 Ts fam Cowked youtrrdly ad conitand Ve Resse te beok & 7 Wink deeyeratove of geet: Th mA pyeccre : i ereoey — champe — ahintes Gack pre Qual od cheve 4 htop, He Process OK Ts diagyants Tame - ey [Mew & Sky ceteey cok - + Pp é nb cond Previne Kaw"2, CaDau >F T bees KIMY Ie, Cy rer 7 ner ty bk { > Fey (he precets ra, Ty mS oe Las, SIS Mtoe w fog, 62% 2 oushIMr yy | Foret procs ang Fy SEG Leg TPM Ko ex she, 22. on pgeser tek -chape De emery Cbs )nt © G5) (5-53) = be ous 0 pues = 0-298 zIk DD Dedne treverstbifity. D> The cltdlerence ty The teealrrel —-Feversth fe WET ; leo! Wee versibdity Ha actual work alone by Ha Systennis cat RG Drreversbtity Te OO Fer ne {how preeers Ee [te-6) -% (5) J [Ce.-6.) +0] » w(S-S)-08 TAS, % Tb Adin Tt [ast aS,..] 7° for, Steady, dilne Pres. » gyglen of deok- vecuer has at Yara te R vs cat prock The yeup of the sutercundting & ann © ye serve de koe BL the Sore Le LY Stem yea Assay theeNae dung hal banger, hha the as chose of transhy ~ Cbbarm (i The decreas m cavartest ote Ty derey hoa trawler + CO Iy Her beng > lace BT, F EOK, Tye bere Ty = DOH, Ge hee be la D wet charge th embopy Fey sown ce-(As), sew = et we 37 Ky oem Fox system (AS) = = ERS =F kr [ne “le pee chevge endrofy $5) = Ona OP om eng eaa t= 1207 kT [min be ensnyy ® Decrease mm avedsabl mF pvailaphe encgy wilt eee 2 (4) 5) 2 (ir0° _302) 3933 22977 by how FE sore cath fystew fee te cen “(net OF 5) 4 E symm f ya yas bom = (3007 oon a4? 8 bg 2B Puls oo} iget Decree «i gece Tt o TpSSS D? debne Ope Substance Sch Be” DD Pave sunstence > A pure Substeneo 34 one which possesnee. sane «Chant tal Composition DR ale the three phaset «ftir a i | | Bie Compowrnt Syston + ELE sakes 1 Vedrigerants. mess Raion Fi fc) dobvedt as the ratio of via sstracton of vapeur TH @ “wader Vapour Mixture + D super headed — S#eaw from au mifinl Cowlttion of 5 bar ¥ Boote is - exparded Tsenbopically to A Pressure of 0-S bars Calculate © Prat “condition of Shean ater expansion @ Lhase wm ovhaley /Ig of sear ® ‘charge th Taternat Chery / ky steam DP, = Shaw, ty? DOHATE > FIBK , Py ror bar Fon steam tab af | P= Shay we pel fi $= 1508“ FAVE = WAl Se broke bee gta 4273 = 35h se Ag, Same sharky da? ke cope hoolky Sg, 7 6+ 8192 ka /repk 2 sages uerley Vp = 00375 Mig Agta 723° ks sabe eke ley Spy = 1 AND HF Jyle Shy, 2eses uF Dore Say = btu? ky lige Va, o Beak ey.@ Final Condition oy Sean, Fer Isenteric process + Se 2s Bur 5, = Sy, tr Rete beet te > GBF 42-7 xfer, (- 2 Hua hI by Sy = Rebhee kg/h SME Sy Syy » Coveliter of steam Uy neh en + Xo Seg, Pele = 10/2 AM, HOTT Do = O09 ) 5 DUBS Hae (E PW) = m oH, = bs + Co (bee waded x pdr ek = RSET Te sg hays © 3herb Wy shee ans ao genset — 2058299» S19 ERT hs Lye Sige Rediewes tearcowe ny enthel @® Charge ™ melernal CHFy, &,7 4 7PM x fe 3 4 505 892 - roe 0-09 Ra, a9 hort Kris €,7 Hah’ H,-4% ©89 = 2905-97 238 muna 92 KI IN. eostgn thelicade has abrnet @uengy, aarveues ‘) Othve cas appltel Jo tdtal gas mexture ode dradson @ Ott, avo ob pavitatl Pressures 5 ® Relative hunvaly @ Pe point vor Po prc da Fre tow J OT sy Ts te Sade of the no cop modes Of am pectin, gas te the Yolet re cof winder of dhe WeiMdene + For fhe Wuefure “of pase Ata, : at A e% > mole dracon of gat A o% > mole bracken of yas B= Mp 2 tn 8 Tighe , hed Mh Q Gas Kish @ Dalton s Pow of Partick Pressures Tt staws partial presure He pressure of the witahowe ig epuat Yo dhe sum of He of dividual Jasees + of the woxture p be te Pressure Py = Pavdint Prttsure ot ges B = Partial pressure of Ges B+ le Accord thy de Dalton's Lacy CP OD Rebabrve hunsdiy t : “ah tb the ef achral ras avy velure ef rate am te the » De a FeTere a bag . * Sasa ye tthe s: VeRume of ai vated ad @ Due pene dey e Th 1 the Hey ab which nelihuve ¢ sen a, begvs te Conaense war the ain ots « DPT depres mu He satumasion Hip og coaler Vapour be dhe metehure of iy wratey vapeur. wate : ; D A mixtece et sdeat gases Contam GHZ of WV; L @ ancl Brg of cove The partial pressure Of Aa te the miintee TS 120K Pa FA Mele brady le fra ldo. ol a, Cen OM Partiat pressare ed COL GP Polk cular Wight of He rdewe] Dome Ste, Mire ter, Pops 120 Kea, Xen 22 4 Kear > 2 O mode bracdion Kor ee 2 = ore? aS ae, 7 rarer te = he 2 : nee 7 BE = Ep = ote e cag 2 in = Bes orlt ater ed’ were Mees au x Hees or ts> Ceo = ——Fn = Tie OIF Hoe? were pressure oF C03 Xeoy aw Xora 7 2 GPK HHS "Peer mo tensor watye Of Hr ei hune : pa a Kary Maat Hern Mees sex aate 3634 Ks lr a amB IS was ————— WW et bined. ote ow pill Recloeceal Preparers, bau Corvespeamp Stade 5 S | D6) Redrted Preperdwes. The aniot ob pretsure , deer © PMc ove Be hava Sp hveah DES Vas cmrvespeiastins | TrME MLV OESE called veduerd properties. Reduced Your Tr -£ Redurced pressure Pas Reotuced voor Vy* y B bass of Corre suk fades , ak ary ter of yedued Presoure yhiicded vores: paver have epuad Valens view they Rae SR values of reduced vohunnt- vy £CTR) fev a gases ht, ! hove Rave FS calteeh ar Seow convegporolig states - Ft the % | a vavder | duces te propertics all gases OMe Porm : pth form of veoluced properyes re giutn By, ) Gals? 6, #35) MDa | ; for the Vader Waal 's Covstevks (07%? Dd Derive a expression ob Critical dorss Pregertes . fanctror of only tee Pr? nr my as is =| ce spre sibs hity dacter oh ary on : ‘A sthity tly 4 & prasue Wey compre aetbitily eter Zz usually ne ihe nad yokunus to fhe VO yt is tre obthined as dhs rate Of TM ae is a given Pressure & predided by the Joat fa at 9 | __ neeAit ad vekimns 2 ' Vetoes Pred tected by Ideal Jar J, dre ae deal 994 ue. oe) ph he gas behaves precunes * ’ Thus go quowsihy the devi pu cof wet gay 4 bev tous drome gas be brwtoay compreesthi diy fodder Wuted « _— {hy @eof Co, bas a Voda 0-86 > od M30 + congue the @ Movder weals tps Preserve usty , O Fatal gas ege- Take Vardtr Wat's Condanig for a ken ee ee re = Clyne)? s Fyne D vem, T= Rete = BI3k. _ ~ of weedes of Core n= te uber @ Usdy Fatal pas eG Pve= RT whee Ry Bhd epee vee’ os ore 5 i Ht SHE SF fapnes gs 2m y 303 ree Sa ee Vardty vse’ eg %) (v.— 4) RUT. \