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The Harvard Map of HRM
The Harvard Map of HRM
management (HRM)
Definition
Which in turn lead to the 'four C's' or HR policies that have to be achieved:
• Commitment
• Congruence
• Competence
• Cost effectiveness
Activity 2:5 Beer et al themselves did not consider that the four 'Cs'
represented all necessary criteria. Why not? What else could be considered?
Beer et al (1984) proposed that long-term consequences (both benefits and costs
of human resource policies should be evaluated at three levels: individual,
organizational and societal. These in turn should be analyzed using the four Cs.
Activity 2:6 Although central to the Harvard Map, 'stakeholder theory' has a
much wider scope than HRM and has largely been developed outside the HR
literature. At first sight, it is a simple notion - those parties or groups that have
an interest in the firm. But more critical attention reveals a concept that is not
easy to define and that is also exposed to a number of political, ethical and other
agendas. How would right- and left-wing politicians regard stakeholders?
Similarly, senior managers and trade unionists, etc.
• Hard HRM