International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Technology (IJAERT)
Volume 5 Issue 8, August 2017, ISSN No.: 2348 – 8190
Design and Implementation of Smart Vending Machine with security
Features for Automatic car Parking System
Chahat Varshney1, Kamal Prakash Pandey2, Naresh Chandra Agrawal3
1
M. Tech. Student, 2, 3Associate Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engg.
SIET Allahabad
Abstract
Automatic car Parking system is a very smart application
nowadays. The various designs have been carried out by
different firms. The main problem remains is that the entry and
exit module is needed to be accurate and well controlled. Also,
interfacing the automatic vending machine requires security
features and maintenance. In our proposed work, we have
designed and implemented an improved and secured vending
machine for automatic car parking applications. It is included
with the security features and the coin management systems.
Similarly, entry and exit module with the slot management has
been intelligently designed. Thus, the cash management (token
management system) and the Parking slot management have
been presented here. Also, the power consumption of the
overall system has been optimized by the PSO Algorithm
(Particle Swarm Optimization).
Keywords: Vending Machine, Parking systems, Security
system, Token management
I. INTRODUCTION
The vending machine is a smart machine which dispenses
different products, according to the demands of the consumer,
when he/she inserts currency or credit into the machine. The
vending machines are more able to be easily used and are
highly in demands than the standard purchasing methods.
Nowadays, vending machines are used everywhere like at
railway stations for train tickets, in schools and in companies
supplying coffee and snacks, in car parking providing parking
tickets to the car parkers, etc.
The practical application is very limited due to the improper
design and its limitations of handling the cash and cash
change. Coin management is also an issue since; actual
amount could not be always managed.
The available automatic car parking systems are also usually
very inefficient designs as their limitation is to handle the
entry and exit details, with cash vending interface systems.
Also, automatic security features are not included in the
designs. In our proposed work, we have smartly included the
detail management system in the automatic car parking
systems with interfacing the data from the vending machine
along with automatic parking slot management system.
Generally, the designs are embedded using the microcontroller
systems which are generally very low operating speed
systems. Thus, in order to control the multiple handling system
and management we need to improve the existing designs. The
designs can be in-built using the FPGA systems. Thus, we
have implemented in VHDL and simulated in MODELSIM
and XILINX ISE 9.1i to verify the design and overall working
of the system.
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II. ISSUES IN VENDING MACHINE
1. Human-less security is an issue for the system.
2. Traditional vending machines, uses microcontroller
that consumes more power and have less operating
speed.
3. No theft protection alarm is present
4. Car parking management systems with the space and
payment authentication is absent in traditional
methods.
III. PROPOSED DESIGN FEATURES
We have divided the project work into five different modules
as follows-
MODULE I- Designing of the car entry module involving the
use of coin sensors and object detection sensors.
MODULE II- Designing of the car exit module for the car
and the automated update of the status of the slots in the car
parking.
MODULE III- Designing of the car parking vending machine
security and maintenance module involving the use of the
metal detector sensor.
MODULE IV- Simulation of the complete software programs
using Xilinx ISE Simulator.
MODULE V- Implementation of the Power Optimization
methods using particle swarm optimization (PSO).
IV. DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION
MODULE I- Designing of the car entry module involving
the use of coin sensors and object detection sensors- In this
module we have designed a program for the entry of the car
which will be detected by the object detection sensors at the
gate, thus showing vacant slots available for the selection by
the customer according to his own choice and in case slots are
not available then it is exited.
Designing is such that the slots count will be decremented as
the car is entered in the area and thus the current status is
available for the other customers. Here we have designed for
four car parking slots in our proposed model where parking
cost for each parking is Rs. 10.
After the selection of the slot for parking of the car, machine
prompts for the payment of the required amount into the
machine. Now if the entered amount is equal to the required
amount then the final slip is generated with selected slot
 International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Technology (IJAERT)
number printed on it. But in case if the inserted amount is
more than the required amount then the software checks for
the availability of the change by using coin sensors. If the
change is available in the machine then the final slip is
generated along with the change else it simply returns the
whole inserted amount back to the customers.
Fig.1 Flow Chart for Car entry module
MODULE II- Designing of the car exit module for the car
and the automated update of the status of the slots in the
car parking- In this module we have designed a program for
the exit of the car which will be detected by the object
detection sensors at the gate and thus machine prompts for
entering the slot number that was being occupied by the car
parker. Programming is such that the various slot count will
increment after the exit of the car.
MODULE III- Designing of the car parking vending
machine security and maintenance module involving the
use of the metal detector sensor- In this module, initially the
metal detector sensor is kept on at the time of setup of the
vending machine. In order to open the car parking vending
machine, it asks for the password being stored in the machine
during its installation. If the inserted password is correct then
the theft alarm status will be low and the maintenance work
can be done else the theft alarm status will switch to high.
Fig.2 Flow Chart for Car Exit Module
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Volume 5 Issue 8, August 2017, ISSN No.: 2348 – 8190
Fig.3 Flow Chart for Security and Maintenance Module
MODULE IV- Simulation of the complete software
programs using Xilinx ISE Simulator- The proposed work
has been implemented and simulated with Xilinx ISE Design
Suite 9.1i.
MODULE V- Implementation of the Power Optimization
methods using particle swarm optimization (PSO)- The
power analysis has been done using the Xpower analyzer tool
used in this design suite. Thus, the overall optimization can be
achieved using the particle swarm optimization.
V. PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION
ALGORITHM
Particle Swarm Optimization simulates the behavior of a
swarm i.e. a group of birds. It is a computational method that
optimizes a problem by running several iterations until the
optimal solution is obtained. This stochastic optimization
procedure, inspired by the social behavior of animals such as
birds or fishes, was introduced by Dr. Eberhart and Dr.
Kennedy in 1995.
It is a technique implemented in various applications in order
to determine an optimum solution. It simulates the intelligent
behavior of a group of birds moving from a place to their
target. The birds adjust their velocity and speed to reach the
target in accordance to their own position as well as
neighbor’s position closest to the optimum solution. Similarly,
initial solutions assumed are moved around in a search space
logically following the PSO algorithm in accordance with the
particular application and varying various parameters to reach
the optimum solution.
PSO has been used to get the optimized solution for the
problems. Initially, depending on the application, a search
space is decided consisting of a number of solutions. Every
particle has a position in the search space of the optimization
problem. Each particle’s initial position and velocity is
assumed. Best solution, among all the solutions in the search
space, is found for optimization of the problem.
 International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Technology (IJAERT)
VI. SIMULATION RESULTS & DISCUSSIONS
Fig.4 RTL Schematics of Entry Exit Module
Here, in Fig.4 the RTL synthesis design has been shown. It has
the structure of the vending machine that manages the cash
flow management system. It has the modes such as entry and
the exit module. The above block represents the IOs as: Clk,
ten_cash_box, ten_in, twenty in. Similarly, the output ports are
represented as no change, No_entry, no_exit, entry sense pins,
exit sense pins, exit pins and payment port pins.
Here, the output pins represent the modes for the entry, exit,
payment that amounts to the final RTL synthesis. The output
pins tends to represent the status of the final implementation.
Fig.5 RTL Schematics of Entry Exit Module
Here, in Fig.5 the RTL synthesis design of the entry-exit
module has been shown in detail. It represents all the blocks
functioning combined to form a system. Here, the details of
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Volume 5 Issue 8, August 2017, ISSN No.: 2348 – 8190
the final RTL structure at gate level have been defined. All the
internal blocks have been defined for the final implementation.
Fig.6 RTL synthesis design of security and maintenance
module
Here, in Fig.6 the RTL synthesis design of the security and
maintenance module has been shown in detail. It represents all
the blocks functioning combined to form a system. Here, the
input sense denotes the code_enter input, password entry pins
and the metal sensor pins. The output pins includes the
alarm_status and the safety_status. The alarm status indicates
the intruder alarm or for any unauthorized tempering or
handling of the device.
Fig.7 RTL Schematics of security and maintenance module
Fig.7 shows the RTL schematics of security and maintenance
module at the gate level. Similarly, the safety status indicates
the final status update in case of any alarm status and thus
indicating the theft or the maintenance modes.
Fig.8 Simulation of the Entry-Exit Module
Here, in Fig.8 the simulation of the entry –exit module has
been shown in detail. It represents all the entry and exit
modules / payment flags and different sensor for the entry and
exit sense. Here the final simulation has been shown for the
exit and entry systems. The simulations have been done for the
payment /exit/entry module.
 International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Technology (IJAERT)
Fig.9 Simulation of the security and maintenance module
Here, in Fig.9 the simulation of the security and maintenance
module has been shown. It represents the security module with
metal detection and the maintenance mode as well. Here, the
final simulation shows the entry of the password module and
safety status. The simulation has been shown for the code
entering, alarm status and password entering. Here, the
simulation denotes the entry of the password and thus output
denotes the final status of the password entered. Also,
maintenance module can has been shown in the simulation
results.
Fig.10 Static Power consumption of overall system
Fig.10 shows the static power consumption of the overall
system which has been minimized using the PSO algorithm.
Here, the gate count has been calculated using the particle
swarm optimization method.
VII. CONCLUSION
The proposed design is simple and cost effective since it does
not require use of expensive cameras or any image processing.
Thus, the overall simulation and RTL Design synthesis has
been presented. Here, RTL Design is optimized to low power
consumption using PSO. Thus we have implemented an
improved and secured vending machine for automatic car
parking applications. The proposed work has been
implemented and simulated with Xilinx ISE Design Suite 9.1i.
The proposed design is cost effective as well provides security
for the machine itself. The software results indicate that the
vending machine for automatic car parking is very flexible and
reliable since the number of slots for car parking can easily be
increased from four slots to further number of slots.
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