BIODATABASES AND

ALGORITHMS-
OVERVIEW
●Major 3 kinds 0f biomolecules – DNA,RNA and
Proteins.

●Biological data generated tremendously and

thus the need of systematic storage of data.

● Thus the arise of BIOLOGICAL DATABASES.

● More than 1000 public and commercial

databases available
● The International Nucleotide Sequence Database(
INSD ) consists of the following databases:

- Genbank (Maintained by the National Center for

Biotechnology Information)
- DDBJ(DNA Databank of Japan)
- EMBL Nucleotide DB(European Molecular Biology
Laboratory)

* Represent the current knowledge about sequences of

all organisms.
* Interchange the stored information
GENBANK
DDBJ
EMBL
 Sequence Alignment:
There are sequences with
unknown structure and function.

We can carry out an alignment of the unknown

BI Algorithms sequence with the available sequences in the
and database to ascertain the extent of similarity
with the existing ones.
Techniques
Two kinds of alignment -GLOBAL and LOCAL

Algorithms for Pairwise and Multiple Alignments

Gene Finding:
To identify genes from long sequences of DNA

Phylogenetic Analysis:
Phylogenetic tree is a pictorial representation of
classification of organisms.

Pattern Matching:
Detecting significant patterns in DNA and protein
sequences is highly relevant in disease diagnosis
Microarray Analysis:
Though the structure of all the cells are
same,genes are expressed differently at various
parts of organisms.
The expression level of genes will determine the
kind of proteins produced.
Protein Structure Prediction:
Predicting the 3D structure of
proteins from the amino acid sequences.
Structures and function are closely related