STUDENT PROJECT PROPOSAL

1. Name of the Student (s) : G.BAGAVANANTH (810016239015)

R.GOWTHAM (810016239020)
one valid e-mail id :bagavananthraj@gmail.com
gowthamravi22498@gmail.com

2. Name of the Guide :Dr. E.GOMATHI

Department / Designation :Assistant Professor,

Department of Petrochemical Technology
Institutional Address :University College of Engineering,
Bharathidasan Institute of Technology,
Anna University,
Tiruchirappalli-620024, Tamil Nadu,
India.

Phone No. & Mobile No. : +91 – 9789819743, +91 – 431 – 2407983

3. Project Title : Biosynthesis of SnO2 Nanoparticles by

aqueous leaf extract of Ficus Carica for
Photocatalytic Degradation of

Anthropogenic Pollution & Antibacterial

activities

4. Sector in which your Project :Tech. ( Chemical )

proposal is to be Considered

5. Has a similar project been carried : NO

out in your college / elsewhere? If
so furnish details of the previous
project and highlight the
improvements suggested in the
present one

6.PROJECT DETAILS:
Introduction:
Water pollution has become a growing threat to environment and human health which is
caused mainly by organic dyes and inorganic heavy metal ions because they are difficult to
degrade by natural. Nanoparticles exhibit better physical, chemical as well as biological
properties than their bulk counterparts because of which they have gained significant interest in
the research field.
Nowadays, Dyes and pigments are the most significant pollutants cause an extremely
dangerous effect on water resources. Moreover, these organic materials, even with minimum
concentration, cause substantial harm in the aquatic environment Also, these compounds cause
color changes in the fresh water. Thus, the contamination can be detected easily as an indication
for the existence of dye molecules in fresh water.Thepollutant molecules prevent sunlight reach
the aquatic plant and animal species and quenches the Photo-synthetically active radiation (PSA)
in the ecosystem.
The wastes rising from textile manufacture, especially the dying process, have a
substantial influence on the ecosystem, which change the physical properties of water and the
sunlight access, and consequently, change the activity of photosynthetic processes and the gases
solubility in water. Most of the water contamination based dye wastes may be attributed to the
dyeing processes in textile manufacture.
Recently, several treatment routes were utilized in order to treat wastewater containing
pigment or dye molecules as incineration, bio-treatment, ozonation, and adsorption processes
based on solid adsorbents. However, these methods show some disadvantages such as (i)
production of toxic volatile constituents in incineration process; (ii) evolution of bad smell in
biological treatment; and (iii) influence of significant parameters in the medium as pH, salt ions
content, and temperature in ozonation process. For these important reasons, the
SnO2photocatalysis introduces an appropriate substitute for pigments and dye degradation. This
developed technique has several advantages over other conventional techniques such as the dye
degradation process ends with harmless final products.
Objectives:
The Main Objectives of this work are
 To synthesis SnO2 nanoparticle from FicusCarica
leaves using green synthesis process.
 To characterized the SnO2 nanoparticle and use it
for Photocatalytic degradation process.
 To reduce the anthropogenic pollution and
Antibacterial activities

Methodology:
1. Materials:
Ficus Carica leaves were collected the plant, Tin(II) chloride dehydrate (SnCl 2•2H2O),
Methylene Blue, Methyl orange and Methyl Red were purchased . All other chemicals used were
analytical grade reagents without further purification.
2. Biosynthesis of SnO2 NPs:
Ficus Carica leaves were collected the plant and cleaned with double distilled water. Then, 25 g
of Ficus Carica leaves were blended using a vegetable blender. The leaf extract was collection
sonication of the mixture for 35min. Then, the extract was collected, filtered through Whatman
No. 1 filter paper and stored in refrigerator for further experiments. For synthesis of SnO2 NPs,
0.5 M SnCl2•2H2O solution was prepared with 40 mL water. Then 25mL Ficus Carica leaf extract
was added to solution and kept under continuous stirring at 90oC for 24 h. The SnO2 NPs were
then collected with annealing the sample in a furnace at 200oC for 1 h.
3. Characterization of the synthesized SnO2 NPs:
Synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using XRD, FESEM, TEM, and EDAX. XRD
confirms the structural purity of the synthesized nanomaterial. Further the synthesized
nanoparticles were evaluated for its photo catalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB), methyl
orange (MO) and Congo red.
4. Photocatalytic degradation process:
Photo catalytic experiments were carried out in a glass reactor 20 cm long, 12 cm wide and 5 cm
high. The samples used in each step included 100 ml of a 20 mg/L solution containing a dye in
the reactor. A ultra-violet lamp of 8 W UV type and 10 cm long was used as a source of radiation.
Since UV-C is the most powerful type of UV radiation that has ability of molecular bonding
breaking and photo chemical degradation of organic compounds, it was selected for this study.
The intensity of lamp was estimated at about 110 mW/cm 2. In order to be better exposed to
ultraviolet radiation, the lamp was placed in the center of the container at a distance of 50 mm
from the sample. In all experiments, the glass reactor was well covered by an aluminum foil to
minimize UV radiation losses. The stock solution of dye aqueous solutions 100mL of given
concentration was added to a definite amount of SnO 2 nanoparticles was added in a glass reactor.
To adjust the pH of the solution was used from 0.1 M NaOH and HNO 3. In all of the
experiments, after dye removal by using SnO 2, the centrifuge was used to separate the
nanoparticles. Then the absorbance of the filtered solution was read by a UV–Vis
spectrophotometer. To calculate the maximum wavelength of dyes, the absorbance of a 100 mg/L
solution in the range of 200–700 nm was read by UV–Vis spectrophotometer. Finally dye
degradation efficiency was determined.
5. Antibacterial activities:
Antibacterial activities of the SnO2 nanoparticles were examined against clinically isolated Gram
negative E. coli bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus by Agar well diffusion method. The SnO 2
nanoparticles are diffused out into the medium and interact in a plate freshly seeded with the test
organisms. The resulting zones of inhibition will be uniformly circular as there will be a
confluent lawn of growth. The diameter of zone of inhibition was measured in centimeters. The
medium was prepared by dissolving 28 g of the commercially available Nutrient Agar Medium
in 1lit of distilled water. The dissolved medium was autoclaved at 15 lbs pressure at 121 oC. The
autoclaved medium was mixed well and poured onto 100 mm petriplates (25–30 mL/plate) while
still molten. One lit of nutrient broth was prepared by dissolving 13 g of commercially available
nutrient medium in 1000 mL distilled water and boiled to dissolve the medium completely. The
medium was dispensed as desired and sterilized by autoclaving at 15 lbs pressure (121 oC) for 20
min.
Duration of Project:

Stages Research work Duration

Stage I Purchase materials and chemicals 0-1 weeks
Stage II Biosynthesis of SnO2 NPs 2-4weeks
Stage III Characterization of the synthesized SnO2 NPs 5-8 weeks
Stage IV Photo catalytic degradation process 9-11 weeks
Stage V Preparation and submission of final report 12-14 weeks

Details of Budget:

SI. NO Head Amount

1 Material / Fabrication / Component 5000
2 Consumables 3000
3 Contingency 1000
4 Travel 1000
Total cost of project 10,000
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr./Miss. G.BAGAVANANTH (810016239015), R.GAUTHAM

(810016239020),is a bonafide final year student of U.G. Engineering professional courses of
our college and it is also certified that two copies of utilization certificate and final report along
with seminar paperwill be sent to the Council after completion of the project by the end of April
2020.

Signature of the Guide Signature of the HOD Signature of the Principal

Head of the Institution