REALISEGRID

Draft Deliverable D3.3.2

Review of costs of transmission infrastructures,
including cross-border connections

Rome, April 1st, 2011

General Meeting

A. L’Abbate
RSE SpA
 Deliverable overview
Authorship: RSE
Content mostly based on publicly available information
Contributions from internal TSOs and partners
Contributions from stakeholders
Interactions with
• WP1
• WP3.1
• WP3.2
• WP3.3
• WP3.5
• WP3.6
• WP3.7
• WP2

2011-04-01 TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID 2
 Outline

Transmission expansion planning

• Planning process
• Cost-benefit analysis
• Choice of the most feasible option(s)
Assessment of costs of transmission infrastructures
• Cost elements
• Equipment costs: HVAC
Country review: some figures
• Equipment costs: HVDC
• New technologies: recent updates
Next steps

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 Transmission planning

Transmission expansion planning has become a more

and more complex task over the years

European TSOs deal with several techno-economic,

market, regulatory, environmental and socio-political
issues

Choice of the most feasible expansion option(s) is

subject to different constraints

Thorough assessment of benefits and costs is crucial

towards decision-making

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 Transmission assets costs
Transmission assets costs depend on various factors:
• equipment rating and type
• operating voltage
• local environmental constraints
• geographical characteristics
• material costs
• manpower (labour) costs
• technology maturity
Capital cost elements for transmission assets:
equipment, installation, engineering, auxiliaries, civil
works, right-of-way, tax, insurance, financing
Operating cost elements for transmission assets:
operation, maintenance, relocation, losses
Other cost elements: land acquisition, local
compensations, dismantling

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 Transmission assets costs
Main HVAC transmission assets:
• Overhead lines
• Cables
• Transformers
• Substations
• Reactive compensators
• PST
• FACTS
• Smart lines (RTTR)
• Smart cables (RTTR)
• HTLS (HTC) lines
• GILs
• HTS cables

Overhead lines equipment costs include costs for: conductors,

pylons/towers, foundations, insulators, clamps and related devices

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 Transmission assets costs
Quantitative data on HVAC costs
Average ranges throughout continental Europe
Cost range
System component Voltage level Power rating min max Unit
HVAC OHL, single circuit(1) 400 kV 1500 MVA 400 700
kEUR/km
(1)
HVAC OHL, double circuit 400 kV 2×1500 MVA 500 1000
kEUR/km
HVAC underground XLPE
400 kV 1000 MVA 1000 3000 kEUR/km
cable, single circuit
HVAC underground XLPE
400 kV 2×1000 MVA 2000 5000 kEUR/km
cable, double circuit
Reactive power compensation for
400 kV - 15 15 kEUR/MVAR
HVAC cable line, single circuit
Sources: public data, TSO questionnaire, REALISEGRID WP1 exercise, REALISEGRID D1.2.1

(1) Cost ranges correspond to the base case, i.e. installation over flat land.
For installations over hilly ground a +20% premium has to be considered;
For installations over mountainous land and in urban areas a +50% premium
has to be considered
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 Transmission assets costs

Examples of HVAC OHL investment cost breakdown

10% 5%
5% engineering/studies
works
equipment
30% 50% interest rate
compensation

7%
30% engineering/studies
20%
installation
equipment
test
8%
compensation
35%

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 Transmission assets costs
Country review of HVAC assets costs:

Italy (reference values):

• OHL single circuit, 380 kV 500 k /km
• OHL double circuit, 380 kV 760 k /km
• OHL single circuit, 220 kV 350 k /km
• OHL double circuit, 220 kV 450 k /km
• XLPE cable, 1200 MVA, 380 kV 3250 k /km
• XLPE cable, 550 MVA, 220 kV 2850 k /km
• XLPE cable, 400 MVA, 220 kV 2000 k /km
Germany (average values):
• OHL single circuit, 380 kV 750 k /km
• OHL double circuit, 380 kV 1000 k /km

provisional data
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 Transmission assets costs
Country review of HVAC assets costs:

France (average values):

• OHL double circuit, 380 kV 1000 k /km
Netherlands (average values):
• OHL double circuit, 380 kV 2300 k /km
• XLPE cable, 1000 MVA, 380 kV 4500 k /km
Austria (range values):
• OHL double circuit, 600 MVA, 220 kV 700-1000 k /km
• OHL double circuit, 380 kV 1000-1500 k /km
Spain (average values):
• OHL single circuit, 380 kV 400 k /km
• OHL double circuit, 380 kV 600 k /km

provisional data
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 Transmission assets costs
Country review of HVAC assets costs:

Ireland (reference values):

• OHL single circuit, 220 kV 980 k /km
• OHL double circuit, 400 kV 1530 k /km
• XLPE (underground) cable, 220 kV 2240 k /km
UK (average values):
• OHL single circuit, 400 kV 1200 k /km
• OHL double circuit, 400 kV 1400 k /km
• XLPE (underground) cable, 360 MVA, 220 kV 2300 k /km
• XLPE (submarine) cable, 360 MVA, 220 kV 1800 k /km
• XLPE cable, 750 MVA, 400 kV 3800 k /km
Finland (average values):
• OHL single circuit, 380 kV 400 k /km
• OHL double circuit, 380 kV 500 k /km

provisional data
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 Transmission assets costs
Country review of HVAC assets costs:

Portugal (average values):

• OHL single circuit, 380 kV 400 k /km
• OHL double circuit, 380 kV 500 k /km
Poland (average values):
• OHL single circuit, 380 kV 400 k /km
• OHL double circuit, 380 kV 900 k /km
Latvia (average values):
• OHL double circuit, 330 kV 330 k /km
• XLPE (underground) cable, 330 kV 1720 k /km
Estonia (average values):
• OHL single circuit, 330 kV 250 k /km
• XLPE (underground) cable, 330 kV 1720 k /km

provisional data
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 Transmission assets costs

Review of HVAC assets costs (average values):

transformer

(Source: KTH)
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 Transmission assets costs

Review of HVAC assets costs (average values):

FACTS and PST
Cost Range
Voltage level Available Power Rating
Components (in kV) (in MVAR/MVA) Min Max Unit
PST 400 100-1600 10 40 kEUR/MVA

FSC 400 100-1000 10 20 kEUR/MVAR

SVC 400 100-850 30 50 kEUR/MVAR

STATCOM 400 100-400 50 75 kEUR/MVAR

TCSC 400 25-600 35 50 kEUR/MVAR

SSSC 400 100-400 50 80 kEUR/MVAR

TCPST (TCQBT) 220 50 12 36 kEUR/MVA

TCPST (TCPAR) 115 150 40 70 kEUR/MVA

UPFC 400 100-325 90 130 kEUR/MVA

Source: REALISEGRID D1.2.1

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 Transmission assets costs

Review of HVAC assets costs (average values):

GIL, 2 x 380 kV, 2000 MVA 4000-7000 k /km

HTC conversion, 220 kV 140-500 k /km

HTC conversion, 2 x 380 kV 1600 k /km

RTTR (OHL) equipment, 2 x 380 kV 80-300 k /km

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 Transmission assets costs
Main HVDC transmission assets:
• Overhead lines/Cables
• Converter stations (CSC/VSC)

Overhead lines equipment costs include costs for: conductors,

pylons/towers, foundations, clamps and related devices

Converter stations equipment costs include costs for: valves,

converter transformers, filters, control, switchyard
Further specific equipment will be required for offshore grids
(including platforms)

Future HVDC breakthroughs: DC breakers/substations, HTS DC

cables

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 Transmission assets costs

Quantitative data on HVDC costs (average)

Typical case: 1000 MW

Cost of components Rating Min Max Unit

HVDC OHL bipolar 1000 MW 300 700 kEUR/km

HVDC underground XLPE cable (pair) 1000 MW 700 2000 kEUR/km

VSC converter terminal (bipolar) 1000 MW 75000 125000 kEUR

CSC converter terminal (bipolar) 1000 MW 70000 110000 kEUR

Sources: public data, REALISEGRID D1.2.1

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 Transmission assets costs

Review of HVDC assets costs (average values):

• Current Source Converter (CSC)
Cost [M ] = 0.067*P [MW] + 33

(Source: NGET)
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 Transmission assets costs

Review of HVDC assets costs (average values):

• Voltage Source Converter (VSC)
Cost [M ] = 0.083*P [MW] + 28

(Source: NGET)
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 Transmission assets costs

Review of HVDC assets costs (average values):

• XLPE (submarine) cable, 500 MW,±150 kV 2600 k /km
• XLPE (submarine) cable, 650 MW,±150 kV 3400 k /km
• XLPE (submarine) cable, 700 MW,±300 kV 1900 k /km
• XLPE (submarine) cable, 1000 MW,±300 kV 2600 k /km
• XLPE (submarine) cable, 1200 MW,±300 kV 3200 k /km
• XLPE (underground) cable, 600 MW,±300 kV 1500 k /km
• XLPE (underground) cable, 800 MW,±300 kV 1800 k /km
• XLPE (underground) cable, 1000 MW,±300 kV 2200 k /km
• XLPE (underground) cable, 1200 MW,±300 kV 2500 k /km
• OHL, ±150 kV 830 k /km
• OHL, ±300 kV 940 k /km
• OHL, ±600 kV 1200 k /km

provisional data
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 Next steps

Finalisation of D3.3.2 including infrastructure cost

values at Europe-wide level

Final validation from TSOs/manufacturers

Interaction with other WPs

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 Acknowledgements

REALISEGRID WP1 partners:

Technofi, TU Dortmund, JRC-IE, Prysmian

REALISEGRID TSOs:
RTE-I, APG, TenneT, Terna

External TSOs and stakeholders:

EirGrid, Alstom Grid, IRENE-40 project consortium,
Riga Technical University

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 Thank you for the attention
Contact: Dr. Angelo L’Abbate
Ricerca sul Sistema Energetico (RSE)
Milan, Italy
angelo.labbate@rse-web.it

REALISEGRID project
http://realisegrid.rse-web.it/
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