Section – A

q1. what are deteministic and probabilistic system?

Ans. A deterministic system is one in which the occurrence of all events is known with
certainty. If the description of the system state at a particular point of time of its operation is
given, the next state can be perfectly predicted.

A probabilistic system is one in which the occurrence of events cannot be perfectly predicted.
Though the behavior of such a system can be described in terms of probability, a certain
degree of error is always attached to the prediction of the behavior of the system.

Q2. differentiate enterprise system and enterprise resource planning system ?

Ans .The difference between an ES and an ERP system can be understood by an example, an ERP will
get active when an order arrives, it will check the availability of raw material and will help in
production planning and material management and keep a track of every activity till the finished goods
are shipped, invoice is raised and payment is received. But an enterprise system is active beyond these
lines, it helps the management in getting more orders by suggesting new market areas, how to give
better offers than competition, generate more business form existing customers and also in choosing
vendors and suppliers who can give best offers in terms of quality of raw material and prices.
Enterprise system monitors the external relationships of the organization. It can be said that major
difference between an enterprise system and an ERP system is that actual ES begins where role of ERP
ends.

Q3. explain how the concept of knowledge management relate to data and information?
Ans . The difference, and relationship, between data and information is a common debate. Not only do
these two terms have varying definitions, but they are often used interchangeably. Just a few examples
include comparing and contrasting data quality with information quality, data management with
information management, and data governance with information governance.
Data – The raw material of information
• Information – Data organized and presented by someone
• Knowledge – Information read, heard, or seen, and understood
• Wisdom – Distilled and integrated knowledge and understanding

q4.what is meant by tangible and intangible benefit ?

Ans. Tangible: Financial Pay and Benefits
Tangible benefits are those listed by the company in a quantifiable form. Such benefits usually are
contractual items, such as paid time off, insurance costs, salary and profit sharing. Calculating the
tangible benefits and comparing them to tangibles that another company offers is a straightforward
measurement. When people first start looking for a job, they usually have a better idea of these tangible
benefits than they do of the work’s intangible benefits. Steve Pogorzelski, author of the book, “Finding
Keepers: The Monster Guide to Hiring and Holding the World’s Best Employees” also advises that
corporations should tout tangible benefits such as gym partnerships to attract quality candidates.
Intangible: Job Satisfaction
Intangible benefits include all of the qualitative advantages of working for an organization. For
instance, friendly coworkers, flexibility and a position that matches the worker’s skill set are intangible
benefits. Johanna Schlegel, a human capital management expert and writer for a prominent job seekers'
website, advises workers to assess how they feel about the work they performed at the end of the day.
Measuring the degree of commitment and agreement with corporate culture are additional ways
Schlegel recommends gauging the intangible benefits derived from the job.

Q5. define the term critical path ?

Ans. Longest sequence of activities in a project plan which must be completed on time for the project
to complete on due date. An activity on the critical path cannot be started until its predecessor activity
is complete; if it is delayed for a day, the entire project will be delayed for a day unless the activity
following the delayed activity is completed a day earlier.

Q6. How information technology infrastructre. List its components?

Ans. The term IT infrastructure is defined in ITIL as a combined set of hardware, software, networks,
facilities, etc. (including all of the information technology related equipment) used to develop, test,
deliver, monitor, control, or support IT services. Associated people, processes, and documentation are
not part of IT Infrastructure.
Components
Switching

Routers

Firewalls

Servers

Physical Plant

People

Server Rooms / Data Center

Q7. differentiate system analysis and sytem design?