Enjoy earning | Bunch of Grapes r we a APP oo 82 o * ° ©, oe Banana shaped Gametocyte Apple-green birefringence Green Apple Peau dorange appearance (source) Orange Skin Potato . potato tumor (source ) Potato Potato Nose ( source) Strawberry Strawberry tongue ( source) Strawberry cervix ( source) Strawberry coffee bean coe Brenner tumor (source) Onion ring appearance in castleman disease ( source) Onion ring Qereetera * Macroscopic and radiological appearance of hydaditiform mole * Bunch of grapes: is a group of hydatidiform villi, with large vesicles. These represent the cisterns, which are formed due to generalised edema. * It denotes the shape of the gametocyte of the protozoan parasite, Plasmodium Falciparum. It can be banana/crescent/sausage shaped. * One of the important diagnostic feature of amyloidosis, The amyloid is stained with congo red stain and is observed under polarized microscope. Here, the amyloid fibrils, which are nothing but the proteins exhibiting the beta sheet exhibits apple structure green birefringence. * Peau d orange appearance: means orange peel skin appearance. it is a dimpled texture of the skin, seen in breast carcinomas. This texture is because of tethering of the sweat ducts due to infiltration of malignant cells, and thereby preventing the skin to swell. * it can also be seen in cases of chronic abscess or in cases of inflammatory breast carcinoma. * Potato tumor: A term used for describing carotid body tumor which manifests as the firm nodular mass of the neck, resembling a potato. Carotid body tumor is a paraganglioma located in head and neck region. + Potato nose: as in Rhinopyma, where the nose can become bulbous. Strawberry or raspberry tongue * Seen in scarlet fever. * It is because of inflammation of the tongue with hypertrophy of fungiform papillae and thus its characteristic appearance. * itis also seen in Kawasaki disease: it is an acute febrile vasculitic syndrome which is seen in childhood. © Strawberry cervix: An appearance of cervix seen in trichomonas vaginalis infection © Here the cervix has a papilliform appearance and is punctate resembling the appearance of a strawberry. * It is the nucleus of the cell which looks like coffee bean, where the shape of the bean is elliptical and has a central grove. * itis seen in Brenner tumor of ovary. This is one of the rare surface epithelial tumor of Ovary. 1. Onion ring like arrangement. in Castleman's disease, a rare disease of lymphnodes. Hyaline Vascular type- 2 subtype of Castleman disease, Here, the lymphoid follicles are abnormal with regressed germinal centres. These are surrounded by Mantle Zone which is widened and composed of small lymphocytes in an onion ring like arrangement. 2. concentric fibrosis of central and penicillary arteries of spleen. It is seen in systemic lupus erythematosusEpithelold cells with pale, slipper shaped nudei ( source) Birebeck granules: Electron microscopy ( source) Tennis Racquet Sausage/Banana shaped Gametocyte of plasmodium Anchovy sauce like pus collected from liver abscess (source) cystic hyperplasia-endometrium ( Adenoid cystic carcinoma-cribriform pattern (source) ‘Squamous papilloma ( source) Papillary carcinoma thyroid ( source) Chocolate cyst of ovary (source ) Bronchiectais ( source) Ground glass nuclei in papillary Orphan Annie carcinoma thyroid ( source) * The Nuclei of epitheloid cells are slipper shaped. The epitheloid cells are modified macrophages , which have abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and pale elongated/slipper shaped nuclei. The collections of epitheloid cells is alled as granuloma : these are irebeck granu cytoplasmaic organneles which are tennis raquet shaped and are exclusively seen in Langerhans cells, This is an electron microscopic finding. in case of langerhan cell histiocytosis, a rare type of histiocytosis, the presence of birebeck granules helps in differentiating from other proliferative disorders. It denotes the shape of the gametocyte of the protozoan parasite, Plasmodium Falciparum. It can be banana/crescent/sausage shaped. * The word used to describe the gross appearance of certain malignant tumors, where the growth is fungs ing and cauliflower like, Usually seen in squamous cell carcinomas, Although any malignant tumor can show this morphologic appearance. © Itis the appearance of the pus drained from amoebic liver abscess, caused by Entamoeba histolytica. * Anchovies are of small, common salt-water forage fish, and the sauce made out of is Anchovy sauce! * Swiss cheese is a name given to variety of cheese in North America which resembles the cheese that originated in Switzerland, Hence the name ‘Swiss cheese’. The distinctive feature of this cheese is the presence of ‘holes’ or ‘eyes’ in them, which develops due to fermentation. * Avariety of histological entities resemble this pattern the most ‘common ones are + swiss cheese pattern of endometrium: Seen in cases of simple cystic hyperplasia. Previously it was called as cystic glandular hyperplasia. Adenoid cystic carcinoma- ribriform pattern. A type of malignancy which arises in secretory glands, more commonly in salivary glands. Swiss cheese pattern is sometimes used to describe this histological entity * The villi of small intestines are often described as finger like projections * in pathology, finger like’is use to describe papillary projections in squamous papillomas and papillary carcinomas * We all know what chocolate is! * Chocolate cysts: it is a type of ovarian cyst resulting due to endometriosis. Also called endometriotic cyst/endometrioma. © these cysts contain thick brown fiuid which is chocolate colored. This is due to the presence of old blood © In Bronchiectasis , on gross ‘examination the lobes shows honeycomb pattern. This is. because of the dilatation of bronchi and bronchioles. Papillary carcinoma of thyroid: ‘One of the histopathological diagnostic feature is Ground glass nuclei. it means the chromatin is finely dispersed and optically clear. This appearance is also known as ‘Orphan Annie Eye" appearance. Annie is a character in an American comic strip “little Orphan Annie”, Vacant circle for eyes was one of the distinguishing feature of Annie. The nuclei being clear looks like an eye of Annie!Crumpled tissue paper g™ Caterpillar Fried Egg Eggs in a basket Fish Flesh GE Nutmeg. oa Popcorn me © Signet Ring Horse shoe - * ase Gaucher cell ( source) rape Anitschkow cell (source ) Bone marrow biopsy-Hairy cell Leukemia ( source ) Overcrowding of nuclei in papillary carcinoma thyroid ( source ) Cut section of lymph node in lymphoma ( source) Cut section of liver in chronic venous congestion ( source ) Popcorn cell (source) Signet ring cell carcinoma stomach (source ) Langhans Giant cell (source ) Gaucher disease is a genetic disorder and is a type of lysosomal storage disease occurring due to the deficiency of glucocerebrocidase. Here the _—sphingolipids named glucocerebroside accumulates in the reticuloeodothelial cells resulting in the wrinkled or crumpled tissue paper appearance. Anitschkow cells. These are the cells seen in rheumatic heart disease. These are the large mononuclear cells found within the Aschoff body. These cells have oval , elongated nucleus with wavy chromatin in the centre and finger like projections on the nuclear membrane. Hence these are also called as caterpillar cells. Many such Anitschow cells fuse together to form a giant cell called as Aschoff giant cells. Oligodendroglioma, a well-differentiated (WHO grade IN, diffusely infiltrating glioma, Histopathologically this has a chickenwire pattern and fried egg appearance of cells because of perinuclear halo. This is an artifact, yet this is the hallmark of this tumor. Hairy cell leukemia:Bone marrow biopsy: the leukemic cells with its hair like projections are seen interspersed within the marked myeloid and erythroid hyperplasia resembles fried egg appearance The nuclear crowding or overlapping in papillary carcinoma of thyroid can mimic eggs in basket appearance. Sometimes, multinucleated Reed Sternberg cells in Hodgkin disease mimicks eggs in basket appearance The appearance and the feel of some tumors which is whitish and firm resembling a fish flesh. Seen in cut sections of the lymphnodes in lymphoma Also in mesenchymal tumors eg: sarcoma. The cut section of the wilms tumor sometimes mimics fish flesh like. lear cell Nutmeg is one of the spices which is used for flavouring many dishes, usually in ground or grated form. Nutmeg liver seen in chronic venous congestion The central vein regions are red and the surrounding hepatic tissue is pale giving its characteristic appearance of nutmeg. the dark spots represent the dilated and congested hepatic venules whereas the paler areas represent the unaffected hepatic tissue. Popcorn shaped reed Sternberg cell also referred to as lympho-histiocytic variant. This is a small cell, with a which is very lobulated like a kernel of popcorn and has a small nucleoli. This is seen in nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma. Fatty change in heart: there is alternate yellowish streaks (fatty change) and reddish streaks ( the unaffected myocardium)... This appearance is called tigroid or tabby cat appearance. Signet ring cells are large cells with vacuolated cytoplasm pushing the single hyperchromatic nucleus to the periphery . Found in Signet ring cell carcinoma stomach The Langhans giant cells are multinucleated giant cells, the nuclei of which are arranged at the periphery in a horse-shoe shape. It is found in tuberculosis, the histologic hallmark of which is the presence of caseating granulomas with langhans giant cells.Tear drop cells ( source) Tear Drop Ground Glass Nuclel in Papillary carcinoma thyroid (source ) Ground glass Sclerotic cells, also known as Medlar Copper penny bodies/copper pennies. ( source) Lepramatous leprosy (source Cigar Bundle ) Chicken wire Lace like fine calcification/chickenwire in Chondroblastoma ( source) Sickle Tram track | ‘Tram track appearance in MPGN ( source) @ The nuclei are round with coarsely salt and pepper granular stippled salt and pepper chromatin with inconspicuous nuclei in phaechromocytoma. (source ) st. Barley water Sieve like nuclei of Megaloblast ( sieve source) Tear drop cells is a type of poikilocyte that is shaped like a teardrop. Also known as Dacrocyte. Seen in disorders with altered splenic or bone marrow structure eg ; myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasiaAlso seen in Thalassemia, myelophthisic anemia & megaloblastic anemia Ground glass nuclei are an important finding in the diagnosis of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid and appear only in specimens in paraffin-embedded histological sections.itis a descriptor for homogenous translucency of the nucleus. In other words it looks optically clear. Though they are an artifact of fixation and/or embedding, yet it is considered as characteristic feature of papillary carcinomas of the thyroid. Chromoblastomycosis: on examination these fungal elements appear as thick-walled, cigar-colored, sclerotic cells, also known as Medlar bodies.These are more colorfully referred to as golden-brown septate “copper pennies Lepramatous leprosy Red coloured acid-fast bacilli on ZiehI-Nielsen staining in a skin smearThey appear as globi (big bunches of bacilli) which resembles “cigar bundle” Chickenwire: isa mesh of wire ‘commonly used to fence poultry Chondroblastoma: On histopathological examination, the calcification appears in between the tumor cells which is lace like fine caldification, also called as chickenwire calcification, Sickle cells of sickle cell disease.It is an inherited hemoglobinopathy caused by a mutation in the sixth amino acid of the B-globin gene.it is ‘one of the most common genetic diseases of childhood. Tram tracks consist of two parallel steelrails, used for tramways or light rail operations.Tram tracking appearance in membrano proliferative glomerulolo nephritis. This occurs due to basement membrane duplication and on silver staining, it demonstrates double contour of the basement membranes which Is also called as tram track appearance. Salt and pepper chromatin.Here the nuclei demonstrates a granular chromatin on microscopy. Also referred to as salt and pepper nuclei with stippled chromatin. It is found in neuroendocrine tumors, medullary carcinoma and phaechromocytoma Barley is cereal grain with a rich nutlike flavor and resembles wheat .Barley water is prepared by boiling grain in water. Spermatocele: This is a retention cyst, due to a diverticula of the epididymis and contains cloudy fluid which is filled with spermatazoa.This cloudy/milky fluid resembles that of barley water in appearance Sieve like immature nucleus of magaloblast in megaloblastic anemiaNuclear chromatin condensation is an essential step prior to the division of nucleus in blast cells. In deficiencies of B12 and folate( DNA maturation factors), the nuclear chromatin remains dispersed like a Sieve.in megaloblastic anemia, the nuclear maturation is slow where as cytoplamic maturation is normal. So the erythroblast is larger than normal and has a Sieve like nucleus with the cytoplasm having premature hemoglobinization. This is a megaloblastMLL Crescent moon Red Currant Jelly ZO Tombstone Millet Napkin ring Donut ‘Sago grains Fire Flare Tombstone appearance in coagulative necrosis (source) Spleen in miliary tuberculosis ( source ) Crescentic Gloimerulonephritis/Rapicly progessive glomerulonephritis.( Source ) Napkin ring constriction of distal colon carcinoma.( Source ) The normal red blood cells looks like donuts ( Source ) Red currant Jelly stool (Source ) ‘Sago Spleen ( source ) fire-flare appearance Source Balooning degeneration of hepatocytes (Source) ‘Tombstone appearance of cells in coagulative necrosis. This is the hallmark of coagulative necrosis. The outlines of the cells are retained, but the cytoplasmic and nuclear details are lost..i.e the conversion of normal cells into their tombstones. The cell outline and tissue architecture is retained. Miliary tuberculosis: dissemination of the m tuberculosis bacilli in the blood therby resulting in miliay tubercles in various organs of the body. ‘These tiny spots in various organs appear similar to millet seeds and hence the term “miliary” Crescentic Gloimerulonephritis/Rapidly progessive glomerulonephritis, This is a glomerular disease characterized by formation of glomerular crescents. These crescents are the morphological manifestation of severe glomerular injury. Crescents are two or more layers of proliferating cells present in the Bowman's space. ‘These crescents are the hallmark of severe glomerular injury like RPGN Napkin ring constriction of distal colon carcinoma. The word Napkin ring is used to describe a constricting lesion of the lumen of colon, usually distal colon, by an encircling mass, This results in stricture or stenosis of the colon. These tumors are more infiltrative in nature. Donut. The normal red blood cells looks like donuts when observed under microscope. This is because of their biconcave shape.The biconcave shape is important for its increased surface area and flexibility and helps in sqeeezing through the smallest capillaries for delivery of oxygen from the lungs to body tissues. Red currant jelly” stool Stool mixed with blood and mucus seen in cases of intussusception more commonly in children, Sago spleen of amyloidosis. Here the amyloid is deposited in Malphigian corpuscles of spleen which in cut section appear as transluscent bodies similar to sago grains and hence the name “sago spleen” Fire-flare appearance or Marginal vacuoles. (MVs) is a distinctive feature of thyrotoxic goiter in hyperthyroidism, in in May-Grinwald Giemsa stained fine needle aspiration (FNA) smearsThe Fire flares represent the diffusing out of thyroid hormones (T(3) and T(4)) from the basal aspect of follicular cells on their way to interfollicular capillaries. Balooning degeneration of hepatocytes. These are large degenerated cells with pale staining and vacuolated cytoplasm, ‘occurs in viral hepatitis Also in: Balloon cell changes of epidermal cells in hempes zoster. Baloon cell nevus: these are nevus cells with vacuolar degeneration of melanosomes.Rodent Bread and Butter Cobble stone Antler Diladipated Bricks Wire Loop Shish-Kebab Fish mouth £ Rodent Ulcer- Basal cell Carcinoma ( source) Bread Butter appearance- Fibrinous pericarditis ( source ) ee eerwer Crohns disease- cobble stone appearance.(SOurce) Fibroadenoma: Antler horn configuration Source Hailey Hailey disease: Diladipated Brick appearance. Source Lupus nephritis- wire loop lesions ( Source) Candidiasis- Pap smear finding- Shish-Kebab appearance (source) Rheumatic heart disease: Fish mouth appearance ( Source) Reed Sternberg Cell ( Source ) Basal cell carcinoma- Rodent ulcer. Rodent: mammals with pairs of continuously growing, razor-sharp incisors. from Latin rodere, “to gnaw” ulcer has an indurated edge and ulcerated centre. It is slow growing but spreads deep This is commonly known as rodent ulcer. Because of its “Gnawed’ appearance i.e.to bite or chew/make a hole by chewing! Fibrinous pericarditis- bread and butter pericarditis. It's an exudative inflammation. In acute stage of Rheumatic heart disease, there will be tenacious deposits of fibrin in the pericardium which resembles that of irregular surface of the buttered bread/ Bread butter appearance. Also seen in uremic pericarditis Crohns disease- cobble stone appearance. It's a morphological appearance Islands of intact, edematous mucosa which is surrounded by ulcers(Communicating fissures and crevices in the mucosa)s how the classic “cobble stone appearance. Antlers are a pair of bony, branched structures that protrude from the skull of animals Fibroadenoma: Antler horn configuration of ductal epithelial cells. This is the finding seen in smears prepared from fine needle aspiration of fibroadnoma. The aspirates will be hypercellular with monolayerd sheets of ductal epithelial cells. These sheets are described as staghorn or antler horn configuration on the edges of these cellular sheets, Hailey Hailey disease: Diladipated Brick appearance. This disease is an autosomal dominant disorder with recurrent eruption of vesicles and bullae. There will be suprabasal separation resulting in blister, The intercellular bridges are lost leading to acantholysis, with few intact intercellular bridges results in "Diladipated Brick appearance” Lupus nephritis- wire loop lesions It is a light microscopic finding in renal biopsy in Lupus nephritis where the capillary walls are thickened due to subendothelial immune complex deposits. capillaries stains deep red and appears as homogenous and “rigid” thickening of peripheral capillary loops. This change is called the “wire loop” lesion. Candidiasis. Pap smear finding: Shish- Kebab appearance The candida are long filamentous organisms. The squamous epithelial cells, peculiarly aggregate around these filamentaous organisms, appears as if these cells are speared by these pesudohyphae, giving Shish- kebab appearance. Rheumatic heart disease: Fish mouth appearance of Mitral valve. Most of the patients with rheumatic valvular heart disease have an affected mitral valve. There will be severe mitral stenosis due to marked thickening and fibrosis.This results in narrowing of its orifice to a slit, which resembles Fish mouth. Hodgkin lymphoma: Ow!'s eye appearance of nucleus The characteristic features of the nuclei of Reed Sternberg cells in Hodgkin disease. These cells have symmetric mirror image bilobed nucleus which resembles that of owl's eye. The intranuclear inclusions in Cytomegalovirus-infected cells also looks like owl's eye.= Bone of Herring fish ( Source) (Herring Bone) Ink dot Claw Clutching Ball Cheese ‘Stag Horn Tree bark Herring bone pattem in Fibrosarcoma (Source) & * * =~ Ink dot nucleus of superficial cells ( source) Claw Clutching Ball (source ) hen nitidus Leaf like pattern in Phylloides tumor (source) Cheesy appearance of caseous necrosis(source) Cigar shaped nuclei of smooth muscle (source) Tree bark appearance of aorta in syphilitic aortitis. (View source) Ribbon like sections in microtomy ( source) Herring bone pattern in fibrosarcoma the elongated nuclei of the tumor cells in fibrosarcoma are positioned at sharp angles to each other in linear arrays. This pattern is resembles that of bone of herring fish and hence referred to as “herring bone” Pattern and is a characteristic feature of Fibrosarcoma. Ink dot nucleus of the superficial cells, in the Pap smear.The superficial cells are large, polyhedral cells with abundant cytoplasm. The nucleus is very small less than 6 microns in diameter. This karyopyknotic nuclei resembles “ink dot” and is the characteristic of superficial cells which distinguishes from the intermediate cells. Claw Clutching Ball AppearanceThe histological appearance of lichen nitidus. It is an inflammatory dermatosis consisting of multiple, tiny, discrete, skin- colored papules affecting mainly children and young adults Here the hyperplastic epidermis with rete ridges is referred to as ‘claw’ and the aggregates of inflammatory infiltrate in the dermis is referred to as ‘ball’, giving rise to characteristic claw clutching ball appearance.. Leaf like pattern in Phylloides tumor of breast. Phyllodes tumor, derives its name from the Greek word ‘phullon’ or leaf, Phyllodes tumors is characterized by hypercellular stroma and ‘cleft-ike’ or cystic spaces lined by epithelium. The stroma grows into these spaces in a characteristic “leaf like” Caseous necrosis : is a type of necrosis where the necrotic tissue grossly resembles a ‘cheese’ or cheesy tan to white appearanceit is seen in tuberculosis. Caseous necrosis is just a combination of coagulative and liquefactive necrosis. It contains 2 mixture of protein and fat. The fat is derived from the bacterial wall. The elongated, “cigar-shaped” nuclei of the smooth muscle cells Smooth muscle nuclei are long and have rounded ends which resembles that of a ‘cigar’. This is an important feature to distinguish smooth muscle tumors like leiomyoma and leiomyosarcomas from other spindle cell neoplasms. These are are branched stones that occupy a large portion of the collecting system. These fill the renal pelvis and branch into few or all of the calices thus resembling that of a ‘stag horn’ These are composed of mixtures of magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite) and/or calcium carbonate apatite. Tree bark appearance of aorta in syphilitic aortitis. The aorta shows multiple gelatinous plaques which are separated by stellate scars and furrows resembling that of a “tree bark”. Ribbon like sections A ribbon of thin sections of paraffin embedded tissue, prepared by microtomy.Fern \Saddh Flame Church spire Cracked Desert sand Picket fence Target Ferning effect/fern pattern of cervical mucus ( source) ro Flame cell ( Source ) Cracked desert sand appearance of colloid in colloid goiter ( Source } Cerebriform nuclei in T cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (Source ) Picket fence palisading pattern of endocervical cells (source) Target cells (Source ) Ghost Cells in pilomatrixoma ( source ) Ferning effect/fern pattern of cervical mucus During ovulation, when the cervica mucus is collected on the glass slide and allowed to dry, a pattern forms that resembles the fronds of fern, when observed under microscope. This is called fern test. One of the important diagnostic criteria for ovulation. The ferning pattern occurs because when estrogen levels peak the amount of salinity in mucus also increases which crystallizes on drying. Flame cells- in plasma cell myeloma’flame cell” Here , the nucleus is_—_eccentrically embedded, acidophilic coloured border of cytoplasm/vermilion staining glycogen-rich IgA They are classically found in association with IgA myelomas. The characteristic staining feature of flaming is due to high carbohydrate content of IgA molecules. Can be rarely seen in reactive plasmacytosis SPIRE is a tapering conical or pyramidal structure on the top of a building or a church towerThe epidermal changes —_—_with hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, low papillomatosis resemble that of church spires. Seen in various conditions like senorreheic keratosis, acanthosis nigricans, acrokeratosis verruciformis of Hopf, verruca vulgaris, actinic keratosis etc Jigsaw puzzle pattern in cylindromathese are adnexal tumors more commonly occurring in head and neck region, Also referred to as turban tumor The features are monomorphous appearing basaloid _ islands, thickened eosinophilic basement membrane surrounding the lobules and a jigsaw puzzle-like pattern of growth and eosinophilic hyaline-like globules. Cracked desert sand appearance of colloid in colloid goiterThe stained smears containing colloid shows cracking artefact, —_ which resembles that of cracked desert sand Also referred to as crazy pavement pattern. Cerebriform nucl T cell Leukemia/LymphomaOn histopathological examination of lymphnodes in T cell lymphoma, shows a diffuse proliferation of atypical medium-sized to large lymphoid cells with irregular nuclei, intermingled with cerebriform giant cells where the nuclei resembles that of a cerebrum, and hence the name. Picket fence palisading pattern of endocervical cells in pap smearsAlso seen in basal cell carcinoma showing the classical arrangement of _ peripheral basaloid cells in a palisading configuration Target cells : red blood cells that have the appearance of a shooting target with a bullseye.Also referred to as codocytes or Mexican hat cells. These cells have a dark center (a central, hemoglobinized area) surrounded by a white ring (relatively pale area), followed by dark outer (peripheral) second ring containing a band of hemoglobin Found in Thalassemias, post splenectomy, hemoglobin C disease and in some liver diseases. Ghost cells in Pilomatricoma. Ghost cell:is a swollen/enlarged epithelial cell with eosnophilic cytoplasm, but without a nucleus Also called as shadow cells Seen in pilomatricomas, calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor and craniopharyngiomas.Bag of marbles appearance in Myospherulosis ( source ) Bag of Marbles ae > Tadpoles > Tadpole cells in squamous cell carcinomat source ) ‘Swarm of bees bee 4 P Vermont Foliage Vermont foliage appeareance of hyperkeratosis ( source ) Flask-shaped ulcer of intestinal amebiasis source ) Flask Cart wheel Cart wheel nucleus of Plasma cells.( source ) Chinese letters Envelope swarn of bees (source) Chinese letter pattern in Fibrous dysplasia (source ) ‘Safety-pin’ appearance of Klebsiella granulomatis ( source “envelope”) shaped crystals of calcium oxalate ( source ) Bag of marbles appearance in Myospherulosis Myospherulosis is an uncommon foreign body reaction that occurs in tissues exposed to antibiotic and oil- based ointments. Characterised by the presence of sac like structures containing spherules which give the appearance of partly filled bag of marbles. It Is not a fungal infection Tadpole cells in squamous cell carcinoma these cells are Elongated and club shaped. These cells have broad end which tapers to narrow end and has hyperchromatic nucleus with dense keratinized cytoplasm, which looks like a tadpole. sometimes, also seen in Rhabdomyoblastoma, where these cells are called as strap cells/tadpole cells. Swarm: a group of honey bee that emigrate from hive and fly off to start a new colony OR bees settled in a hive. Swarm of bees in alopecia areata is used to desctibe hair bulbs in alopecia areata which are diffusely infiltrated by discrete clusters of lymphocytes. Also referred to as lymphocytes buzzing in peribulbar region appearance. This is seen in Acute stage of Alopecia areata. Vermontis a state in the New England region of the northeastern United State. Foliage means fall of leaves/cluster of leaves Vermont foliage appeareance of hyperkeratosis in cervicovaginal smears of pap smears. Presence of numerous anucleate appearance in pap smears of hyperkeratotic lesion, resembles that of foliage in vermont. An uncommonly used simile! Flask-shaped ulcer of intestinal amebiasis. Caused by E histolytica, Amebic lesions begin as small foci of necrosis that progress to ulcers. Muscle coat of the large intestine form a barrier to the penetrating trophozoites and hence, the ulcer fan out latarally resembling flask-shaped with narrow neck and broad base Cart wheel nucleus of Plasma cells. Plasma cells are large lymphocytes with charcterestic featires They have basophilic cytoplasm and an eccentric nucleus. The nucleus with heterochromatin is in a characteristic cartwheel or clock face arrangement. There is a perinulear halo, that on electron microscopy contains an extensive Golgi apparatus and centrioles Chinese letter pattern in Fibrous dysplasia Fibrous dysplasia (FD) of bone is an uncommon disease caused by sporadic, congenital mutations in the cAMP regulating protein, Gsa. classic “Chinese characters” on histopathology is made of trabeculae of bone with fibrous tissue interwoven between Safety-pin’ appearance of Klebsiella granulomatis causing Donovanosis or granuloma inguinale The organisms are seen within the cytoplasm of histiocytes from the smear taken from the ulcer, The bacteria are ovoid or bean-shaped varying in size from 1 to 1.5 pm in length and 0.5 to 0.7 pm in thickness. When stained by Giemsa, they have blue chromatin inclusions at each pole/bipolar staining which gives the characteristic ‘closed —_safety-pin’ appearance. octahedral (“envelope”) shaped crystals of calcium oxalate Appearance Dihydrate: octahedral (“envelope”) Monohydrate: dumbbell, ovoid, or rectangular in shape. Major component of renal calculi.