PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN DOING RESEARCH BY THE GRADE

12 STUDENTS OF SCHOOLS IN SAN MANUEL DISTRICT,

SAN MANUEL, ISABELA
S.Y. 2018-2019

________________

A Thesis
Presented to the Faculty of
The Graduate School
Our Lady of The Pillar College-Cauayan

ABSTRACT

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

For the Degree of Master of Arts in Education
Major in English

________________

NELSON G. VERSOZA

March 2019

Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3350241

 THESIS ABSTRACT

TITLE: PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN DOING RESEARCH

BY THE GRADE 12 STUDENTS OF SCHOOLS IN

SAN MANUEL DISTRICT, SAN MANUEL,

ISABELA, S.Y. 2018-2019

RESEARCHER: NELSON G. VERSOZA

DEGREE: MASTER OF ARTS IN EDUCATION

MAJOR: ENGLISH

ADVISER: FELMA M. MANLIGOY, MST

SCHOOL YEAR: 2018 – 2019

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 I. INTRODUCTION

Teaching and learning nowadays speculate more challenge

due to the presence of various learning styles and multiple

intelligences as manifested by both teachers and students. It

can be considered that one way in learning something is to

discover and learn to do it.

This was supported by the claims of Reisz (2010), a

French researcher revealing that working in groups and teams

as means of learning a certain concept through laboratory

works and experiments compared to that of traditional

teaching methods, the students experienced a greater sense of

engagement.

There is a Chinese Proverb that describes the process of

learning that goes this way “I hear, and I forget. I see, and

I remember. I do, and I understand.” It only pertains to the

realization that the more the students perform or do the

tasks, the more that they understand the concept being taught

by their teacher.

The secondary school teaching or directly referred to as

the Junior High School and the Senior High School stage in

the Philippine educational system demands more than marking

books for topics and discussions, marking tests as a way of

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assessment and evaluation may it through written or

performance-based and the like.

Senior High School serves as a transition stage before

entering the tertiary level. This was embedded in the DepEd’s

K to 12 implementations as cited by Lim (2014). The K to 12

system was signed into law with the passage of the Enhanced

Basic Education Act of 2013 (Republic Act 10533).

Practical research is one of the subjects in senior high

school which aims to develop the student’s critical thinking

and problem-solving skills. The research output of students

is either quantitative or qualitative.

Walden University (2010) in their online article talks

about seven challenges that student researchers face which

includes: (1) choosing the right topic; (2) choosing the right

methodology; (3) assembling a research team; (4) finding

study participants; (5) getting institutions participate; (6)

staying motivated and working their plan; and (7) dealing

with their research data. These are just few of the problems

that arouses during the conduct of certain student

researches.

Being able to forecast students’ problems in the conduct

of their research would greatly aid an institution in planning

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improvement programs to suit specific learners. Thus, the

researcher aimed to determine the factors and challenges that

can be experienced in senior high school students who are

doing their research as a requirement in the transition stage

which complies to the core and applied curriculum

specifically among the 178 total Senior High School students

of schools in San Manuel District, San Manuel, Isabela for

the second semester in the school year 2018-2019, from the

three current senior high schools namely: Callang National

High School, Sandiat National High School, and Malalinta

National High School.

Specifically, this study aimed to answer the following

questions:

1. What is the respondent’s profile as to: gender; school

graduated from elementary and junior high school; and

weekly allowance; parents’ profession or work;

parent’s highest educational attainment; and parent’s

monthly income?

2. What are the factors that affect the Grade 12 students

of schools in San Manuel District in doing their

research?

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 3. What are the problems encountered by the Grade 12

students of schools in San Manuel District in doing

their research?

4. What solutions could be proposed to resolve or get

across the said problems encountered by the Grade 12

students of schools in San Manuel District in doing

their research?

5. Is there a significant difference in the factors and

problems encountered by the Senior High School

students of schools in San Manuel District in doing

their research when grouped according to their

profile?

II. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND

Bandura’s Cognitive Social Learning Theory (1977)

Children can learn novel-response by merely observing

the behavior of a model, making mental representation to

produce model behavior at some future time. He believed that

human development is the best describe on continues

reciprocal interaction between children and their

environment. 1997 The environment clearly affects the child

as stated but the child behavior is brought to affect the

environment as well.

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 In this study, the influence made by teachers in

assisting their students in the conduct of their own studies

plays a vital role in their progress. A friendly environment

somehow impacted their performances in the field or area they

chose.

B.F. Skinner’s Trial & Error Learning Theory (1938)

Trial, and error theory is a series of responses

conducted with correct response is achieved. In scientific

method, a solution is derived with available information

until the right solution is achieved. Trial and Error theory

is like experimentation.

In relation to this research, the students have

different learning capacity. Sometimes, the strategy that you

have used in one individual is not effective to the other

individual to learn. So, you can change your strategy for it

to be effective. And one of those concepts falls under the

trial and error theory.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs Theory (1943, 1954)

It points out the basic human needs. He believed that

exposure to environmental conditions that permit or prohibit

gratification of the “basic needs” prompts movement up or

down the hierarchy of needs. Maslow suggests that, without

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the fulfilment of these needs, an individual may feel

discouraged, weak and inferior.

In line with this study, if a student feels discouraged

and inferior, his motivation may be affected and thus, there

will certainly have inhibitions especially with his

performance in school activities.

Hepworth and Duvigneau (2013)

In developing learners to have critical thinking and

research capacity, there should be an institutional strategy.

This strategy resulted from the link between the lack of

information literacy or independency in learning to academic

teaching skills and research capacity.

This could imply that the presence of trial and error

may help the students learn in their research field. The

utilization of such repetitions in the procedure may

emphasize their step-by-step processes in conducting their

research.

III. METHODOLOGY

The study used descriptive method which utilized

structured questionnaire to identify the: (a) profile of the

respondents as to: gender; school graduated from elementary

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and junior high school; and weekly allowance; parents’

profession or work; parent’s highest educational attainment;

and parent’s monthly income?; (b) factors that affect the

student research; (c) problems encountered in doing research;

and (d) solutions to get across problems in doing research.

The respondents were the 178 total Grade 12 students of

schools in San Manuel District, San Manuel, Isabela for the

second semester of the school year 2018-2019, namely: Callang

National High School with 126 students; Sandiat National High

School with 29 students; and Malalinta National High School

with 23 students. Data gathering was done last December 5,

and 6, 2018.

Frequency and Percentage Distribution were used to

describe the profile of the respondents specifically to

obtain the answers to the research questions as cited in the

study; Weighted Mean. To determine the interpretation answers

of research questions situated in the research study; and

One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)/Independent Sample t-

Test. To test if there is a significant difference in the

assessment of respondents on the factors and problems when

they are grouped according to their profile.

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 All the data were analyzed using the Statistical Package

for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19. The level of

statistical significance (alpha level) was set at 0.05.

IV. Results and Discussion Summary

Table 14
Summary of the Factors Affecting Student Research
PARTICULAR FACTORS Mean Description

1. Research Teacher’s and Adviser’s

3.15 Sometimes
Research Handling & Support

2. Financial/Economic Constraints 3.36 Sometimes

3. Research and Library Services 3.28 Sometimes

4. Computer Literacy and Services 3.14 Sometimes

5. Researchers Preparedness and Time-

3.24 Sometimes
Management

Grand Mean 3.23 Sometimes

This table reveals the summary of the factors that affect

student research.

Based on the results shown above, it appears that all of

the factors cited are sometimes experienced by the

respondents with a grand mean of 3.23.

Further, Financial/Economic Constraints is the most

dominant among the factors that affect student research. It

has a category mean of 3.36 with a description of

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“Sometimes”. It was true that lack of fund or budget or

financial barrier, issues, and support affected the

researchers in the studies of Vasquez, 2017; Biruk 2013;

Duze, 2010; Yazgan, 2015; Mohammad and Mohammad, 2017.

It further affirms the cognitive social learning theory

of Bandura that the environment as the utmost factor will

clearly influence the growth, and development of a child as

a learner but the child behavior is brought to affect the

environment as well.

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 Table 20
Summary of the Problems Encountered in Doing Research

PARTICULAR PROBLEMS Mean Description

1. Research Teacher’s and Adviser’s Moderately

3.29
Research Handling & Support Serious

2. Financial/Economic Constraints Moderately

3.39
Serious

3.43 Serious
3. Research and Library Services

4. Computer Literacy and Services Moderately

3.28
Serious

5. Researchers Preparedness and Time-

3.52 Serious
Management

Moderately
Grand Mean 3.37
Serious

This table reveals the summary of the problems

encountered by the respondents in doing research.

As gleaned from the table, results show that the grand

mean of all the problems in five categories encountered by

the respondents has a grand mean of 3.37 with a Moderately

Serious report.

But Researchers Preparedness and Time-Management with

3.52 category mean is the most prevalent risk or Serious

problem along with the 3.43 category mean of the Research and

Library Services. While the other three particular problems:

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Financial/Economic Constraints with 3.39 category mean;

Research Teacher’s and Adviser’s Research Handling & Support

with 3.29 category mean; and lastly with the least prevalent

problem is the Computer Literacy and Services with 3.28

category mean are all under Moderately Serious.

This is supported by the international journal of

Mapolisa and Mafa, 2012 that lack of library resources

negatively impacted on the students’ capacities to conduct

research in Harare and Bulawayo regions of the Zimbabwe Open

University (ZOU).

Whereas, the researcher’s preparedness or skill,

respondents commonly cited time, time-management, and

inadequate research training as the dominant challenges to

conducting research which have found out in the studies of

(Ignacio, 2017; Ellis and Loughland, 2016; Bocar, 2009; and

Ocbian and Gamba, 2015).

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 Table 26
Summary of the Solutions to get Across Problems
in Doing Research
PARTICULAR SOLUTIONS Mean Description

1. Research Teacher’s and Adviser’s Strongly

4.32
Research Handling & Support Agree

Strongly
2. Financial/Economic Constraints 4.33
Agree

Strongly
3. Research and Library Services 4.34
Agree

Strongly
4.46
4. Computer Literacy and Services Agree

5. Researchers Preparedness and Time- Strongly

4.32
Management Agree

Strongly
Grand Mean 4.35
Agree

This table reveals the summary of the solutions to get

across problems in doing research.

Based on the results shown above, it appears that all of

the particular solutions specified in five categories, i.e.

Computer Literacy and Services with a category mean of 4.46

which is the most dominant categorical solution which only

concludes that this is the number 1 need of the respondents

among the other categories; Research and Library Services

with a category mean of 4.34; Financial/Economic Constraints

with a category mean of 4.33, Research Teacher’s and

Adviser’s Research Handling & Support, and the Researchers

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Preparedness and Time-Management with the same category mean

of 4.32 are strongly agreed by the respondents as necessities

in the conduct of their research with a grand mean of 4.35

with the same description as “Strongly Agree”.

This confirms Skinner’s Trial and Error Theory which is

like experimentation and research is a simple experiment that

establishes a relationship of one variable to another or the

cause-and-effect. In relation to this research the students

have different learning capacity, thus they as learners need

to have all the support, they needed in doing research to

cope with all the practical challenges it offers.

Likewise, in the study of Hepworth and Duvigneau (2013)

scaffold such like institutional strategy and support must be

given to developing learners critical thinking and research

skills, it is like the trial and error method of Skinner.

Further, the implementation of such a strategy and support in

the procedure may highlight the effective step-by-step

procedures in conducting their research. With such, students

learn to adopt the process and learn from it, and eventually

master it with constant and correct repetition.

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 V. CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This study concludes that from the total population of

respondents, male outnumbered female respondents, mostly

graduated from public schools both in elementary and junior

high school with a minimal weekly allowance, whose parents

were just high school graduates with a regular income of a

farmer. It signifies that the income of parents really affects

their children’s academic achievement.

Financial or economic constraints is affecting the male

student-researchers which deliberates with the financial

support from their parents; this implies the importance of

family. Being the primary support group of a student, child

or person, family plays a big role in the totality of an

individual. Deprivation of financial support for example,

because of poverty, no formal education or unemployment has

a big impact, especially on a child’s school performance.

While, researcher’s preparedness and time-management

seemed to be the most dominant problem encountered problem by

the researchers which confer with research skill,

collaboration among peers, and personal priorities that

hampers ample time for the task; this infers the importance

of complete research training with workshops being the

foundation of a research undertaking. Because male

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respondents find time-management as the most prevailing

problem.

On the other hand, all the five categories of

particular solutions are necessities in the conduct of

research but the Computer Literacy and Services appeared to

be the most dominant solution.

With regards to the factors affecting student research

the profile of the respondents, the gender, school graduated

in junior high school, and weekly allowance has a significant

difference; this only signifies that these factors actually

influence the conduct of research which may lead into

problems.

Finally, with the problems encountered in doing

research, the gender and school graduated from in junior high

school have also shown a significant difference thus, the

researcher has concluded that this is interrelated with the

advent of K to 12 curriculum that paves the way for early

practical research subjects without complete, proper and easy

guide for the first time senior high school students which

may influence their actions and way of thinking.

Based on the results of the study, some recommendations

were made:

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1. Male student-researchers should be able to manage their

time properly by planning and organizing research/class

schedules wisely, and preparing to-do lists for their

research activities;

2. Teachers should be given adequate seminars, training,

LAC sessions, and workshops on research and they must

religiously attend to these, to familiarize research

skills and processes, so that they can encompass proper

guide or supervision, scaffold, or teach the students

about research that can bring effective result, self-

worth, and self-actualization to their lives as teachers

especially on their academic performance, in their

future professional job, and future endeavors in life;

3. Parents should be responsible enough to extend full

support to their children’s total needs especially in

terms of their education financially;

4. School Heads should send their teachers and students in

different research seminars, training, LAC sessions, and

workshops, and other activities designed separately for

both the teachers and students (using also the proposed

handout) for them to be more prepared in conducting

research and develop a growth mindset of time-management

and prioritization; and

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5. Future Researchers should conduct further researches

related to this study to deepen the study in different

extent, and to mainly address specific research problems

of the 21st century learners.

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 A P P E N D I C E S

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 Appendix
The Vicinity Map of the Venue of the Study

Places with this symbol are the locations where the

study was conducted: the Senior High Schools in San Manuel

District, San Manuel, Isabela namely: Callang National High

School; Sandiat National High School; and Malalinta National

High School.

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 CURRICULUM VITAE

NELSON G. VERSOZA
San Pedro-San Pablo, Aurora, Isabela
E-mail address: versozanelson.nv@gmail.com

I. PERSONAL DATA

Birthdate: November 26, 1984

Birthplace: Cauayan, Isabela
Citizenship: Filipino
Civil Status: Married
Spouse: Estrelita F. Versoza

II. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

ELEMENTARY : CAUAYAN SOUTH CENTRAL SCHOOL

Cauayan City, Isabela
1991-1997

SECONDARY : CAUAYAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Cauayan City, Isabela
1997-2001

VOCATIONAL : ST. XAVIER MONTESSORI SCHOOL

Cauayan City, Isabela
2001-2003
COURSE : COMPUTER PROGRAMMER

TERTIARY : ISABELA STATE UNIVERSTIY –

Cauayan Campus
Cauayan City, Isabela
2004 – 2008
COURSE : BACHELOR OF SECONDARY
EDUCATION Major in English

MASTERAL : OUR LADY OF THE PILLAR

COLLEGE – CAUAYAN
2015 – 2019
COURSE : MASTER OF ARTS IN EDUCATION
Major in English

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