Scheduling CRON Jobs with Crontab for

Beginners
Posted by​ ​Prince DAN​ December 28, 2019 in​ ​DevOps

Crontab is an important utility that is used for scheduling cron jobs i.e. setting up a specified
time-based job. Cron job can be a single command or we can also schedule cron to run bash
scripts.

These cron jobs help us automate repetitive tasks like backups, system updation, or running
some specific command or scripts, etc. We can schedule cron jobs & the system will then
execute the mentioned commands or scripts without human intervention. Cron jobs can be
scheduled to run on the minute, hour, day of the month, month, day of the week basis. We can
also combine any of these to schedule cron jobs.

Recommended Read:​ ​Beginner’s guide to Backup Postgres Database

Also Read:​ ​How to setup SSH login without password on Linux systems

Scheduling Cron jobs

Syntax:-​ We need to provide the cron job in the following format,

(minute) (hour) (day of the month) (month) (day of the week) (command/script path)

* * * * * command, script(s)

-----

|||||

| | | | ------ Day of the week (0 - 7) (Sunday=0 or 7)

| | | ------- Month (1 - 12)

| | -------- Day of the month (1 - 31)

| ---------- Hour (0 - 23)

------------ Minute (0 - 59)

Commands to list, delete or schedule cron jobs are mentioned below,

-> Schedule cron job or edit a job,

To edit or create a cronjob, run

$ crontab –e

-> Display all cronjobs

$ crontab –l

-> Removing a cronjobs

$ crontab –r

Or we can just edit out a job that we don’t want need with ‘crontab -e’ command.

-> Using crontab for other users

$ crontab -u test_user -e

$ crontab -u test_user -l

$ crontab -u test_user -r

Here, you can replace ‘test_user’ with the username you need to see access cron jobs for. The
root user will access to cron jobs for all users by default.

Examples of scheduling cron jobs

1- Running a backup script named backup.sh located at /home/test_user everynight at
10:00PM,

00 22 * * * /etc/test_user/backup.sh

2- Running a weekly backup script named weekly_backup.sh on every Friday at 10:30,

30 23 * * 5 /etc/test_user/weekly_backup.sh

3- Running a monthly backup script named monthly_backup.sh on 30th day of every

month at 11:45PM,

45 11 30 * * /etc/test_user/monthly_backup.sh

4- Running backup script named weekday_backup.sh on weekdays only at 11:59 PM

59 11 * * *1-5 /etc/test_user/weekday_backup.sh

or

59 11 * * *1 2 3 4 5 /etc/test_user/weekday_backup.sh

We can also run a script on selective days, like odd days,

59 11 * * *1 3 5 7 /etc/test_user/weekday_backup.sh

5- Running a command every 10 minutes,

* /10 * * * command

These were only some examples of how you can use cron jobs, there are plenty more
combinations we can use. We now end our tutorial on scheduling cron jobs on the Linux
system. Please feel free to send in any questions or queries you have using the comment box
below.
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