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The Pharma Innovation Journal 2018; 7(6): 316-317

ISSN (E): 2277- 7695

ISSN (P): 2349-8242  
NAAS Rating: 5.03 
TPI 2018; 7(6): 316-317
© 2018 TPI
www.thepharmajournal.com
Received: 18-04-2018
Accepted: 19-05-2018
Guguloth Ramesh
Department of Veterinary
Pathology, C. V. Sc,
P.V.N.R.T.V.U, Hyderabad,  Abstract
Telangana, India
B Srinivas
PG Scholar, Department of
Veterinary Biochemistry,
S.V.V.U, Tirupati,  lymphocytic population and fibrous tissue proliferation. Bacterial isolation from liver showed colonies of
Andhra Pradesh, India
Bhandurge Mahesh
PG Scholar, Department of
Veterinary Pathology, C. V. Sc,
P.V.N.R.T.V.U, Hyderabad, 
HELP Telangana, India
US BV Balaeswara Raju
PG Scholar, Department of
Veterinary Microbiology, C. V.
Sc, P.V.N.R.T.V.U, Hyderabad,  more often been incriminated in number of other clinical conditions which include coli
Telangana, India
Sawale GK
PG Scholar, Department of
Veterinary Pathology,
P.V.N.R.T.V.U, C. V. Sc,
Hyderabad,   (Calnek et. al ., 1997) [2].
Telangana, India
D Rambabu
Scientist, Poultry Research
Station, C. V. Sc,
P.V.N.R.T.V.U, Hyderabad, 
Telangana, India
M Lakshman
Professor & HOD, Department
of Veterinary Pathology,
P.V.N.R.T.V.U, Hyderabad, 
Telangana, India
Correspondence
Guguloth Ramesh
Department
Pathology, C.ofV.
Veterinary
Sc,
P.V.N.R.T.V.U, Hyderabad, 
Telangana, India
Occurrence of Hjarre’s disease (Coligranuloma) in
adult layer chicken
Guguloth Ramesh, B Srinivas, Bhandurge Mahesh, BV Balaeswara Raju,
Sawale GK, D Rambabu and M Lakshman
 
Coligranuloma (Hjarre’s   disease) was diagnosed in 6 adult layer birds of Rajasree breed chicken during
routine necropsy conducted over a period of one year. Grossly, nodular granulomatous nodules were
observed on mesentery and intestine which were hard, yellow and particularly concentrated at ceacum.
The histopathological sections (H&E) of nodular lesions revealed typical granulomas with center
comprised of pink stained necrotic debris surrounded by a zone of mixed macrophages, heterophils,
 E. coli on Mac Conkey’s. The pure colonies E. coli were streaked on of Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB)
agar showed metallic green sheen which is characteristic feature of  E. coli.
Keywords: Hjarre’s Disease , E. Coli, histopathology, heterophil, granulomatous nodules
Introduction
Hjarre’s Disease (Coligranuloma) is a disease of adult chicken and turkey, characterized by
nodular granulomas in liver, mesentery and walls of intestine. It is caused by Escherichia Coli,
a gram negative, non -acid fast non-spore forming bacillus. Besides coligranuloma, E-coli has
 bacillosis, coli septicemia, egg peritonitis, arthritis and air saculitis, etc (Barneset al., 2008) [1].
causing decrease in production high mortality rate and condemnation of carcass at slaughter,
thereby resulting in major economic losses to the poultry Industry. Coli granuloma is relatively
uncommon coliform disease and may cause mortality as high as 75% in an individual flock
Materials and Method
Coligranuloma was investigated in total of 1000 adult layer birds from poultry farm presented
for routine necropsy examination. Out of 1000 birds 6 layer adult birds were diagnosed with
coligranuloma based on gross lesions, histopathology and microbiological isolation. Tissues
like intestine, mesentery, liver were collected for histopathological examination in 10%
formalin. The impression smears of granulomatous nodules were stained with gram staining.
The swabs from liver were streaked on Mac Conkey’s agar and one pure pink colony was sub
cultured on EMB agar for confirmation. One set of samples were stained with acid fast stain.
Result and Discussion
Coligranuloma was diagnosed in 6 adult layer chicken out of 1000 birds presented for routine
necropsy in a period of one year. Grossly, typically, small, circular, focal but multiple grayish
white granulomatous nodules were found on serosal surface of intestine, mesentery, oviduct,
uterus, particularly on ceacum (Fig 1 and 2). Occasionally nodules were also found on liver.
On cut section, nodules were grayish white and hard to cut. These gross lesions were in
agreement with reports of various authors (Islam et al., 2007; Barnes et al., 2008; Rahimi and
Siavash Haghighi, 2014) [3, 1, 4]. The tissues were collected in 10% formalin fixed, processed,
sectioned and stained with routine (H&E) stain. Histopathological sections of nodule attached
to serosa of intestine and other organ showed granulomatous inflammation (Fig 3). Mucosa of
intestine showed fusion of villi with chronic inflammatory cell infiltration especially
lymphocytes
those reported(Fig 4). The (Islam
previously microscopic lesions
et al., 2007 described in the present investigation are[3,akin
 and Barnes et al., 2008; Sawale  et al., 2017) 
1, 5] to
.
~ 316 ~

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The Pharma Innovation Journal  

 

Fig 1: Intestine showing multiple grayish grayish white nodules on Fig 4: Section of intestine showing chronic inflammatory cells,
serosal surface  particularly lymphocytes (HEx600X)

Microbial isolation on Mac Conkey’s agar showed pink

colonies. The single pink colony upon sub culturing in to
EMB agar showed metallic sheen.
Coligranuloma was differentiated from tuberculosis and
mycotic granuloma. Diagnosis of tuberculosis is based on the
demonstration of acid fast bacilli. Fungal organisms may be
demonstrated by the use of PAS stain or other special fungal
stains. A diagnosis of coligranuloma was made because
neither acid fast bacilli nor mycotic elements were
HELP demonstrated in lesions with special stains.

US In conclusion, the present investigation describes gross and

microscopic lesion and microbial isolation in coligranuloma
in adult layer birds.

Acknowledgement
Authors are thankful to Associate Dean, College of
Veterinary Science, Rajendra Nagar for providing necessary
facility to carry out the investigation.

Fig 2: Intestine mesentry showing multiple white nodules

References
1.  Barnes HJ, Nolan LK, Vaillancourt JP. Colibacillosis. In:
Saif YM, Fadly AM, Glisson JR, McDougald LR, Nolan
LK, Barnes HJ, Swayne DE (eds) Diseases of poultry,
12th edn. Iowa State University Press, Ames. 2008, 691-
732.
2.  Calnek BW, Barnes HJ, Beard CW, McDougald LR, Saif
YM. Diseases of poultry. Chapter. 1997; 16:386-484.
3.  Islam MN, Fatema BZ, Faruk MI. Hjarre’s disease in

chickens: clinical,
therapeutic findings. pathological, microbiological
Bangladesh Journal and
of Veterinary
Medicine. 2007; 5:49-53.
4.  Rahimi M, Siavash Haghighi ZM. An outbreak of
visceral coligranuloma in a backyard chicken flock .
Comparative Clinical Pathology. 2014; 23:381.
5.  Sawale G, Wadke P, Dhaygude V, Moregaonkar S.
Pathomorphological Changes in Coligranuloma in Layer
Birds. International Journal of Livestock Research. 2017;
7(8):281-284

Fig 3: Section of intestine showing granulomatous nodule attached

to serosal surface of the intestine (HEx600X)
~ 317 ~

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The Pharma Innova on Journal 2018; 7(6): 316-317 ISSN (E): 2277- 7695 ISSN (P): 2349-8242 NAAS Ra ng: 5.03 TPI 2018;
7(6): 316-317 Occurrence of Hjarre’s disease (Coligranuloma) in © 2018 TPI www.thepharmajournal.com adult layer
chicken Received: 18-04-2018 Accepted: 19-05-2018 Guguloth Ramesh, B Srinivas, Bhandurge Mahesh,

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~ 316 ~ The Pharma Innova on Journal 2018; 7(6): 316-317 ISSN (E): 2277- 7695 ISSN (P): 2349-8242 NAAS Ra ng:
5.03 TPI 2018; 7(6): 316-317 © 2018 TPI www.thepharmajournal.com Received: 18-04-2018 Accepted: 19-05-2018
Guguloth Ramesh Department of Veterinary Pathology, C. V. Sc, P.V.N.R.T.V.U, Hyderabad, Telangana, India B Srinivas
PG Scholar, Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, S.V.V.U, Tirupa , Andhra Pradesh, India Bhandurge Mahesh PG
Scholar, Department of Veterinary Pathology, C. V. Sc, P.V.N.R.T.V.U, Hyderabad, Telangana, India BV Balaeswara Raju
PG Scholar, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, C. V. Sc, P.V.N.R.T.V.U, Hyderabad, Telangana, India Sawale GK PG
Scholar, Department of Veterinary Pathology, C. V. Sc, P.V.N.R.T.V.U, Hyderabad, Telangana, India D Rambabu Scien st,
Poultry Research Sta on, C. V. Sc, P.V.N.R.T.V.U, Hyderabad, Telangana, India M Lakshman Professor & HOD,
Department of Veterinary Pathology, P.V.N.R.T.V.U, Hyderabad, Telangana, India Correspondence Guguloth Ramesh
Department of Veterinary Pathology, C. V. Sc, P.V.N.R.T.V.U, Hyderabad, Telangana, India Occurrence of Hjarre’s disease
(Coligranuloma) in adult layer chicken Guguloth Ramesh, B Srinivas, Bhandurge Mahesh, BV Balaeswara Raju, Sawale
GK, D Rambabu and M Lakshman Abstract Coligranuloma (Hjarre’s disease) was diagnosed in 6 adult layer birds of
Rajasree breed chicken during rou ne necropsy conducted over a period of one year. Grossly, nodular granulomatous
nodules were observed on mesentery and intes ne which were hard, yellow and par cularly concentrated at ceacum.
The histopathological sec ons (H&E) of nodular lesions revealed typical granulomas with center comprised of pink
stained necro c debris surrounded by a zone of mixed macrophages, heterophils, lymphocy c popula on and fibrous
ssue prolifera on. Bacterial isola on from liver showed colonies of E. coli on Mac Conkey’s. The pure colonies E. coli
were streaked on of Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) agar showed metallic green sheen which is characteris c feature of
HELP
E. coli . Keywords: Hjarre’s Disease , E. Coli, histopathology, heterophil, granulomatous nodules Introduc on Hjarre’s
US
Disease (Coligranuloma) is a disease of adult chicken and turkey, characterized by nodular granulomas in liver,
mesentery and walls of intes ne. It is caused by Escherichia Coli , a gram nega ve, non -acid fast non-spore forming
bacillus. Besides coligranuloma, E-coli has more o en been incriminated in number of other clinical condi ons which
include coli bacillosis, coli sep cemia, egg peritoni s, arthri s and air saculi s, etc (Barnes et al., 2008) [1] . causing
decrease in produc on high mortality rate and condemna on of carcass at slaughter, thereby resul ng in major
economic losses to the poultry Industry. Coli granuloma is rela vely uncommon coliform disease and may cause

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