Introduction to information systems

Data - isolated events, not evaluated, or significant. It is only the result of a phenomenon.

Information - for a data to be transformed it is necessary to perform operations with the data that
add value and give it utility to the user.

• Capture them
• Verify them
• Sort them
• Sort them
• Summarize and calculate them
• Store them
• Recover them
• Copy them

Qualities of the information

• Accurate
• Timely
• Complete
• Coherent or integrated
• Safe, confidential

Information characteristics

• Accessible
• Accurate
• Relevant
• Timely
• Clear
• Flexible
• Verifiable

Classification to the organization

• In relation to the organization. Internal or external

• In relation to its nature. Descriptive, performance, predictive.
• By user position. Strategy, tactics, technique.
• By information flow. Horizontal or vertical

System. Interaction and interdependence of the elements that make up the system. Pursuit of a
common goal or purpose.

• Synergy. The elements independently have a lower result than the general one when
integrated to achieve it.
• Equifinality. Multiple ways to achieve the purpose of the system

S.I.G. Management Information System

Components of an information system

 • Content (data)
• Physical equipment (hardware)
• Software (Software)
• Administrator
• User

Positive effects of the systems

•  Speed to process information

•  Calculation accuracy
•  Easy to handle large volumes of
• information
•  Information storage capacity
•  Quality of presentation of the results
•  Long-term cost reduction
•  Quick information to make decisions
•  Share information between users

Negative effects of the systems

•  High initial costs

•  System operation dependence
•  Fast obsolescence of HW and SW
•  Staff automation
•  Requires training and specialized personnel
•  Vulnerability to “virus”
•  Resistance of personnel to change
•  Waste of equipment

Types of information systems

• Transactional. They generate information for routine activities with well understood and
standardized procedures. As points of sale.
• Analytical. They produce information for decision making.

Characteristics of an information system

•  Accepted: Satisfactory for users

•  Documented: System goals and objectives
•  Tested: Minimize failures or disapproval
• here Coherent: Maximum interaction of its components
•  Compatible: Each part adapts to the set
•  Economic: Adjusted to existing resources
•  Efficient: Optimal use of resources
•  Cash: That it reaches the established goals
•  Rapid development
•  Feasible: Economically, operationally and technically
•  Flexible: Allow adjustments
•  Logically nested
•  Modular: Independent in its parts but
 • integrated
•  Reliable: With minimal errors in the outputs
•  Visible or manifest: Understandable
•  Simple

Relational Database

Structure that contains the data stored in the tables, with their relationships and other objects that
allow access, order and / or modify the information contained in them:

• Indices
• Structured queries
• Forms
• Reports
• Programmable objects

SAP - systems analysis and program development

The best known version is Realize / 3 (R / 3) and offers standard solutions for the entire needs, that
is, that all the activities of the company can be carried out with a single software.

It provides space in the cloud and can be communicated to all devices connected to the internet.

An area consultancy is done, etc. and thus the system is developed according to the operation of
the company.

Modules

• PP. Production planning When a production order enters, because operations will pass,
information.
• SD. Sales and distribution Sales planning, distribution decisions.
• OC. Office and communications Emails, communications, electronic invoices. The entire
Microsoft package can be integrated.
• CO. Controlling Audit, comptroller; Finance, accounting.
• MM. Material Management Inventories, entrances, exits, transfers, registration of raw
materials, warehouses of finished products.
• HR. humans Recourses. Recruitment and development of employees (courses, income,
operations, reports, training, assemblies).
• QA. Quality assurance Product quality, product inspection for each production line.
• AM. Asset management Asset control. Everything that belongs to the company with
monetary value.
• PM. Plant maintenance. Plant Maintenance Logs of preventive maintenance.
• . Project system Through the information that already exists, another plant can be defined,
for example requirements and processes.
• IS. Industry solutions Modules additions appropriate to the type of company that be
• FI. Financial accounting Finance part with accounting, where accounting records day-to-
day movements and record taxes, finance reviews the money.
SAP history.

• 1972. SAP is founded.

• 1973. SAP R / 1. Presentation layer, business layer and data layer on the same computer /
server.
• 1977.
• 1979.
• 1988.
• 1992.
• 1996. It adapts to the internet. CRM and SCR solutions
• 1998. It becomes international and sells shares in the New York Stock Exchange.
• 1999. Presents mySAP.com and integrates electronic commerce.
• 2000. SAPHosting, e-commerce, business-to-business marketplaces (B2B) promotion.
• 2001. Offers websites and goes directly to databases.
• 2003. Included in DAX and Dow Jones.
• 2004. Creates NetWeaver platform for apps.
• 2008. Acquires the Business intelligence company Business objects
• 2010. Loses 1.3 billion dollars to Oracle.
• 2011. Purchase
• 2012. Sunnyvale is purchased by SAP.
• 2013. SAP S / 4 HANA is launched.

SAP Business Suite contains.

• VIM
• CRM
• ERP
• PLM
• SCM
• SRM

Integral solution

The R / 3 version was developed in 1989 and since then it has not stopped evolving. I include client
/ server architecture, graphic environment, etc.

Business benefits

Maximize the return on investment, that is, sometime later the company manages to see results.

It reinforces its ERP infrastructure, that is, the company's operations are carried out by a single
system making it more fluid, effective and profitable.

Reduce complexity costs and updates and maintenance

Decrease the total cost of ownership by offering only the modules that the company needs

It offers performance and stability

characteristics

• Online information. All information is online.

 • Hierarchy of information. It is separated depending on the information that is needed.
• Integration. If a company buys some modules and then needs more, they can be integrated
without problems. Everything works with the database.

SAP Products

• Specific solutions. Government, manufacturing, services.

• Medium and small businesses.

SAP specific solutions

• Aerospace and defense

• Automotive
• Chemistry
• Marketing and sales of products
• Telecommunications
• Professional services
• Public sector and government
• High tech industry
• Machinery and industrial components
• Media
• Administration of commercial services
• Call center services
• Oil and gas industry
• Merchandise distribution

PLM - product life management

SCM - supply chain management

SRM - supplier relationship management

Soap - application oriented services

SAP R / 3 modules

• FI
• CO
• TR
• •
• HR
• PM
• QM
• PP
• MM
• SD

Services
• Global support
• Consulting
• Custom development
• Educational services
• Service administration
• Tools, technology and techniques