What is Planning?

What is Planning?

Planning is preparing a sequence of

action steps to achieve some specific
goal.
 Why Plan?

• Reduce time and effort of achieve the goal.

In unstructured activities 80 percent of the effort give less than 20 percent of
the valuable outcome. You either spend much time on deciding what to do
next, or you are taking many unnecessary, unfocused, and inefficient steps

• Optimize the utilization of resources.

• Can always see you progress towards goal and distance

from destination.
 What is Production Planning & Control

• It is a process by which the flow of raw material or part finished

products are planned , regulated and monitored to produce the
final goods.

• It is a system to produce the required product with minimum total

cost and time for required delivery. The minimum total cost
includes direct labor , indirect labor , raw material , equipment ,
capital , rent , maintenance , supplies and supervisory costs etc.

• Where production is dispersed over a number of locations a central department is

needed to collect and analyze the control information from each production unit in
order to report on individual and overall achievements
Production Planning & Control In
Apparel Industry
 Production Planning & Control In Apparel
Industry
Uniqueness of Apparel Industry:

 CHANGE
 VARIETY

• Seasonal factors
• Faster turnover
• Obsolescence factor
 Basic Needs of a market vs. Basic
Requirements of a producer
Basic needs of a market are: Basic Requirements of a
producer are:
• Garments with updated
fashion appeal • A minimum Style and cloth
• Low Forward commitment variety
• Competitive Prices • Large order well in
• Acceptable Quality Standards advance of delivery dates
• Quick response & Short • Time to develop garment
delivery Times and method engineering
for best price
SCOPE OF OUR SUBJECT IN THE
APPAREL INDUSTRY
Fibres ------- Mills

↓
Finishin
Weaving or Knitting Dyeing g

Sample yardage by Mfr/Designer

Designer →Pattern Maker→Sample Maker

Sales man Sample Showroom samples Samples

Buyers selection/Order Confirmation

↓
Raw Material Pattern Grading & Size set
Purchasing Fit Approvals apprvals

↓
CUT SEW FINISH PRESS → Quality Control

Shipping Retailer → Customer

 SEQUENCE OF ACTIVITIES

Production control is composed of sequence of activities:

• ANALYSIS
• FORECASTING
• PLANNING ( ORGANISING + SCHEDULING+DEPUTIZING)
• CONTROLLING
 ANALYSING

1) Determine the quality specifications of the product. It

provides the specifications for the following elements of
production:
a) Raw Material
b) Production Equipment and Tool
c) Production Personnel

2) Determine the quantitative production capacity of each

operation ,job or process.
 FORECASTING

• It is the process of estimating the future sales or rate of

delivery. Forecasting the anticipated load of production
per unit time.

• Forecasting serves as the basis of planning. since we are

able to anticipate the future we are able to plan better.

• Forecasting requires experience ,judgment and technical

expertise
 PLANNING
Planning is an analytical process which encompasses an
assessment of the future ,the development of alternative courses of
action to achieve the desired objective and selection of the best and
most feasible course of action from among these alternatives.

ORGANISING -What & Where?

Activity of organizing involves sequence of communication and
material processing.

SCHEDULING - WHEN?
Activity of scheduling decides when would each process happen.

DEPUTIZING-WHO?
 PLANNING

• Production machine & Equipment , Shift hours and

manufacturing capacity.
• Manufacturing processes, process set up times and
production throughput rates.
• Work Station layout
• Detail resources and processes involved for each job,
materials required and work instructions." Master
Schedule" .
• Basic Flow Process –Grid Construction.
• Forecast &schedule resource requirements vs. capacity.
• Priorities workload and process jobs." Production
Schedule" production control plan .
 CONTROLLING

It is the activity which involves supervision of the execution

of the production plan followed with the immediate
feedback and the corrective action.