REPUBLIC ACT No.
3019 administrative or judicial functions through
ANTI-GRAFT AND CORRUPT PRACTICES ACT
Section 2. Definition of terms. As used in this
Act, that term
(a) "Government" includes the national
government, the local governments, the
government-owned and government-controlled
corporations, and all other instrumentalities or
agencies of the Republic of the Philippines and
their branches.
(b) "Public officer" includes elective and
appointive officials and employees, permanent or
temporary, whether in the classified or unclassified
or exempt service receiving compensation, even
nominal, from the government as defined in the
preceding subparagraph.
(c) "Receiving any gift" includes the act of
accepting directly or indirectly a gift from a person
other than a member of the public officer's
immediate family, in behalf of himself or of any
member of his family or relative within the fourth
civil degree, either by consanguinity or affinity,
even on the occasion of a family celebration or
national festivity like Christmas, if the value of the
gift is under the circumstances manifestly
excessive.
(d) "Person" includes natural and juridical
persons, unless the context indicates otherwise.
Section 3. Corrupt practices of public
officers. In addition to acts or omissions of public
officers already penalized by existing law, the
following shall constitute corrupt practices of any
public officer and are hereby declared to be
unlawful:
(a) Persuading, inducing or influencing another
public officer to perform an act constituting a
violation of rules and regulations duly
promulgated by competent authority or an
offense in connection with the official duties of
the latter, or allowing himself to be persuaded,
induced, or influenced to commit such violation
or offense.
(b) Directly or indirectly requesting or receiving
any gift, present, share, percentage, or benefit,
for himself or for any other person, in connection
with any contract or transaction between the
Government and any other part, wherein the
public officer in his official capacity has to
intervene under the law.
(c) Directly or indirectly requesting or receiving
any gift, present or other pecuniary or material
benefit, for himself or for another, from any
person for whom the public officer, in any
manner or capacity, has secured or obtained, or
will secure or obtain, any Government permit or
license, in consideration for the help given or to
be given, without prejudice to Section thirteen of
this Act.
(d) Accepting or having any member of his family
accept employment in a private enterprise which
has pending official business with him during the
pendency thereof or within one year after its
termination.
(e) Causing any undue injury to any party,
including the Government, or giving any private
party any unwarranted benefits, advantage or
preference in the discharge of his official
manifest partiality, evident bad faith or gross
inexcusable negligence. This provision shall
apply to officers and employees of offices or
government corporations charged with the grant
of licenses or permits or other concessions.
(f) Neglecting or refusing, after due demand or
request, without sufficient justification, to act
within a reasonable time on any matter pending
before him for the purpose of obtaining, directly
or indirectly, from any person interested in the
matter some pecuniary or material benefit or
advantage, or for the purpose of favoring his own
interest or giving undue advantage in favor of or
discriminating against any other interested party.
(g) Entering, on behalf of the Government, into
any contract or transaction manifestly and
grossly disadvantageous to the same, whether
or not the public officer profited or will profit
thereby.
(h) Director or indirectly having financing or
pecuniary interest in any business, contract or
transaction in connection with which he
intervenes or takes part in his official capacity, or
in which he is prohibited by the Constitution or by
any law from having any interest.
(i) Directly or indirectly becoming interested, for
personal gain, or having a material interest in
any transaction or act requiring the approval of a
board, panel or group of which he is a member,
and which exercises discretion in such approval,
even if he votes against the same or does not
participate in the action of the board, committee,
panel or group.
Interest for personal gain shall be presumed
against those public officers responsible for the
approval of manifestly unlawful, inequitable, or
irregular transaction or acts by the board, panel
or group to which they belong.
(j) Knowingly approving or granting any license,
permit, privilege or benefit in favor of any person
not qualified for or not legally entitled to such
license, permit, privilege or advantage, or of a
mere representative or dummy of one who is not
so qualified or entitled.
(k) Divulging valuable information of a
confidential character, acquired by his office or
by him on account of his official position to
unauthorized persons, or releasing such
information in advance of its authorized release
date.
The person giving the gift, present, share,
percentage or benefit referred to in subparagraphs
(b) and (c); or offering or giving to the public officer
the employment mentioned in subparagraph (d); or
urging the divulging or untimely release of the
confidential information referred to in
subparagraph (k) of this section shall, together
with the offending public officer, be punished under
Section nine of this Act and shall be permanently
or temporarily disqualified in the discretion of the
Court, from transacting business in any form with
the Government.
Section 10. Competent court. Until otherwise
provided by law, all prosecutions under this Act
shall be within the original jurisdiction of the proper
Court of First Instance.
Section 11. Prescription of offenses. All
offenses punishable under this Act shall prescribe
in ten years.
Section 14. Exception. Unsolicited gifts or
presents of small or insignificant value offered or
given as a mere ordinary token of gratitude or
friendship according to local customs or usage,
shall be excepted from the provisions of this Act.
Nothing in this Act shall be interpreted to prejudice
or prohibit the practice of any profession, lawful
trade or occupation by any private person or by
any public officer who under the law may
legitimately practice his profession, trade or
occupation, during his incumbency, except where
the practice of such profession, trade or
occupation involves conspiracy with any other
person or public official to commit any of the
violations penalized in this Act.
Approved: August 17, 1960
Republic Act No. 7080
AN ACT DEFINING AND PENALIZING THE
CRIME OF PLUNDER
Section 1. Definition of Terms - As used in this
Act, the term -
a) Public Officer means any person holding any
public office in the Government of the Republic of
the Philippines by virtue of an appointment,
election or contract.
b) Government includes the National
Government, and any of its subdivisions, agencies
or instrumentalities, including government-owned
or -controlled corporations and their subsidiaries.
c) Person includes any natural or juridical person,
unless the context indicates otherwise.
d) Ill-gotten wealth means any asset, property,
business enterprise or material possession of any
person within the purview of Section Two (2)
hereof, acquired by him directly or indirectly
through dummies, nominees, agents, subordinates
and/or business associates by any combination or
series of the following means or similar schemes:
1) Through misappropriation, conversion,
misuse, or malversation of public funds or raids
on the public treasury;
2) By receiving, directly or indirectly, any
commission, gift, share, percentage, kickbacks
or any other form of pecuniary benefit from any
person and/or entity in connection with any
government contract or project or by reason of
the office or position of the public officer
concerned;
3) By the illegal or fraudulent conveyance or
disposition of assets belonging to the National
Government or any of its subdivisions,
agencies or instrumentalities or government-
owned or -controlled corporations and their
subsidiaries;
4) By obtaining, receiving or accepting directly
or indirectly any shares of stock, equity or any
other form of interest or participation including
promise of future employment in any business
enterprise or undertaking;
5) By establishing agricultural, industrial or
commercial monopolies or other combinations
and/or implementation of decrees and orders
intended to benefit particular persons or
special interests; or
6) By taking undue advantage of official
position, authority, relationship, connection or
influence to unjustly enrich himself or
themselves at the expense and to the damage
and prejudice of the Filipino people and the
Republic of the Philippines.
Sec. 2. Definition of the Crime of Plunder;
Penalties. - Any public officer who, by himself or in
connivance with members of his family, relatives
by affinity or consanguinity, business associates,
subordinates or other persons, amasses,
accumulates or acquires ill-gotten wealth through a
combination or series of overt criminal acts as
described in Section 1 (d) hereof in the aggregate
amount or total value of at least Fifty million pesos
(P50,000,000.00) shall be guilty of the crime of
plunder and shall be punished by reclusion
perpetua to death. Any person who participated
with the said public officer in the commission of an
offense contributing to the crime of plunder shall
likewise be punished for such offense. In the
imposition of penalties, the degree of participation
and the attendance of mitigating and extenuating
circumstances, as provided by the Revised Penal
Code, shall be considered by the court. The court
shall declare any and all ill-gotten wealth and their
interests and other incomes and assets including
the properties and shares of stocks derived from
the deposit or investment thereof forfeited in favor
of the State.
Section 3. Competent Court - Until otherwise
provided by law, all prosecutions under this Act
shall be within the original jurisdiction of the
Sandiganbayan.
Section 4. Rule of Evidence - For purposes of
establishing the crime of plunder, it shall not be
necessary to prove each and every criminal act
done by the accused in furtherance of the scheme
or conspiracy to amass, accumulate or acquire ill-
gotten wealth, it being sufficient to establish
beyond reasonable doubt a pattern of overt or
criminal acts indicative of the overall unlawful
scheme or conspiracy.
Section 6. Prescription of Crimes - The crime
punishable under this Act shall prescribe in twenty
(20) years. However, the right of the State to
recover properties unlawfully acquired by
public officers from them or from their nominees or
transferees shall not be barred by prescription,
laches, or estoppel.
Approved: July 12, 1991
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10364
An Act Expanding Republic Act No. 9208,
Entitled "An Act To Institute Policies To
Eliminate Trafficking In Persons Especially
Women And Children, Establishing The
Necessary Institutional Mechanisms For The
Protection And Support Of Trafficked Persons,
Providing Penalties For Its Violations And For
Other Purposes”
SECTION 1. Short Title. – This Act shall be
known as the "Expanded Anti-Trafficking in
Persons Act of 2012″
SEC. 4. Acts of Trafficking in Persons. – It shall
be unlawful for any person, natural or juridical, to
commit any of the following acts:
"(a) To recruit, obtain, hire, provide, offer,
transport, transfer, maintain, harbor, or receive a
person by any means, including those done under
the pretext of domestic or overseas employment or
training or apprenticeship, for the purpose of
prostitution, pornography, or sexual exploitation;
"(b) To introduce or match for money, profit, or
material, economic or other consideration, any
person or, as provided for under Republic Act No.
6955, any Filipino woman to a foreign national, for
marriage for the purpose of acquiring, buying,
offering, selling or trading him/her to engage in
prostitution, pornography, sexual exploitation,
forced labor, slavery, involuntary servitude or debt
bondage;
"(c) To offer or contract marriage, real or
simulated, for the purpose of acquiring, buying,
offering, selling, or trading them to engage in
prostitution, pornography, sexual exploitation,
forced labor or slavery, involuntary servitude or
debt bondage;
"(d) To undertake or organize tours and travel
plans consisting of tourism packages or activities
for the purpose of utilizing and offering persons for
prostitution, pornography or sexual exploitation;
"(e) To maintain or hire a person to engage in
prostitution or pornography;
"(f) To adopt persons by any form of consideration
for exploitative purposes or to facilitate the same
for purposes of prostitution, pornography, sexual
exploitation, forced labor, slavery, involuntary
servitude or debt bondage;
"(g) To adopt or facilitate the adoption of persons
for the purpose of prostitution, pornography,
sexual exploitation, forced labor, slavery,
involuntary servitude or debt bondage;
"(h) To recruit, hire, adopt, transport, transfer,
obtain, harbor, maintain, provide, offer, receive or
abduct a person, by means of threat or use of
force, fraud, deceit, violence, coercion, or
intimidation for the purpose of removal or sale of
organs of said person;
"(i) To recruit, transport, obtain, transfer, harbor,
maintain, offer, hire, provide, receive or adopt a
child to engage in armed activities in the
Philippines or abroad;
"(j) To recruit, transport, transfer, harbor, obtain,
maintain, offer, hire, provide or receive a person by
means defined in Section 3 of this Act for purposes
of forced labor, slavery, debt bondage and
involuntary servitude, including a scheme, plan, or
pattern intended to cause the person either:
"(1) To believe that if the person did not
perform such labor or services, he or she or
another person would suffer serious harm or
physical restraint; or
"(2) To abuse or threaten the use of law or the
legal processes; and
"(k) To recruit, transport, harbor, obtain, transfer,
maintain, hire, offer, provide, adopt or receive a
child for purposes of exploitation or trading them,
including but not limited to, the act of baring and/or
selling a child for any consideration or for barter for
purposes of exploitation. Trafficking for purposes
of exploitation of children shall include:
"(1) All forms of slavery or practices similar to
slavery, involuntary servitude, debt bondage
and forced labor, including recruitment of
children for use in armed conflict;
"(2) The use, procuring or offering of a child for
prostitution, for the production of pornography,
or for pornographic performances;
"(3) The use, procuring or offering of a child for
the production and trafficking of drugs; and
"(4) The use, procuring or offering of a child for
illegal activities or work which, by its nature or
the circumstances in which it is carried out, is
likely to harm their health, safety or morals;
and
"(l) To organize or direct other persons to commit
the offenses defined as acts of trafficking under
this Act."
SEC. 4-A. Attempted Trafficking in Persons. –
Where there are acts to initiate the commission of
a trafficking offense but the offender failed to or did
not execute all the elements of the crime, by
accident or by reason of some cause other than
voluntary desistance, such overt acts shall be
deemed as an attempt to commit an act of
trafficking in persons. As such, an attempt to
commit any of the offenses enumerated in Section
4 of this Act shall constitute attempted trafficking in
persons.
"In cases where the victim is a child, any of the
following acts shall also be deemed as attempted
trafficking in persons:
"(a) Facilitating the travel of a child who travels
alone to a foreign country or territory without valid
reason therefor and without the required clearance
or permit from the Department of Social Welfare
and Development, or a written permit or
justification from the child's parent or legal
guardian;
"(b) Executing, for a consideration, an affidavit of
consent or a written consent for adoption;
"(c) Recruiting a woman to bear a child for the
purpose of selling the child;
"(d) Simulating a birth for the purpose of selling the
child; and
"(e) Soliciting a child and acquiring the custody
thereof through any means from among hospitals,
clinics, nurseries, daycare centers, refugee or
evacuation centers, and low-income families, for
the purpose of selling the child."
SEC. 6. Qualified Trafficking in Persons. –
Violations of Section 4 of this Act shall be
considered as qualified trafficking:
"a) When the trafficked person is a child;
(b) When the adoption is effected through Republic
Act No. 8043, otherwise known as the "Inter-
Country Adoption Act of 1995" and said adoption
is for the purpose of prostitution, pornography,
sexual exploitation, forced labor, slavery,
involuntary servitude or debt bondage;
(c) When the crime is committed by a syndicate, or
in large scale. Trafficking is deemed committed by
a syndicate if carried out by a group of three (3) or
more persons conspiring or confederating with one
another. It is deemed committed in large scale if
committed against three (3) or more persons,
individually or as a group;
"(d) When the offender is a spouse, an ascendant,
parent, sibling, guardian or a person who
exercises authority over the trafficked person or
when the offense is committed by a public officer
or employee;
"(e) When the trafficked person is recruited to
engage in prostitution with any member of the
military or law enforcement agencies;
"(f) When the offender is a member of the military
or law enforcement agencies;
"(g) When by reason or on occasion of the act of
trafficking in persons, the offended party dies,
becomes insane, suffers mutilation or is afflicted
with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) or the
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS);
"(h) When the offender commits one or more
violations of Section 4 over a period of sixty (60) or
more days, whether those days are continuous or
not; and
"(i) When the offender directs or through another
manages the trafficking victim in carrying out the
exploitative purpose of trafficking."
SEC. 12. Prescriptive Period. – Trafficking cases
under this Act shall prescribe in ten (10) years:
Provided, however, That trafficking cases
committed by a syndicate or in a large scale as
defined under Section 6, or against a child, shall
prescribe in twenty (20) years.
"The prescriptive period shall commence to run
from the day on which the trafficked person is
delivered or released from the conditions of
bondage, or in the case of a child victim, from the
day the child reaches the age of majority, and shall
be interrupted by the filing of the complaint or
information and shall commence to run again
when the proceedings terminate without the
accused being convicted or acquitted or are
unjustifiably stopped for any reason not imputable
to the accused."
SEC. 26-A. Extra-Territorial Jurisdiction. – The
State shall exercise jurisdiction over any act
defined and penalized under this Act, even if
committed outside the Philippines and whether or
not such act or acts constitute an offense at the
place of commission, the crime being a continuing
offense, having been commenced in the
Philippines and other elements having been
committed in another country, if the suspect or
accused:
"(a) Is a Filipino citizen; or
"(b) Is a permanent resident of the Philippines; or
"(c) Has committed the act against a citizen of the
Philippines.
"No prosecution may be commenced against a
person under this section if a foreign government,
in accordance with jurisdiction recognized by the
Philippines, has prosecuted or is prosecuting such
person for the conduct constituting such offense,
except upon the approval of the Secretary of
Justice.
"The government may surrender or extradite
persons accused of trafficking in the Philippines to
the appropriate international court if any, or to
another State pursuant to the applicable
extradition laws and treaties."
REPUBLIC ACT No. 9372
An Act To Secure The State And Protect Our
People From Terrorism
SECTION 1. Short Title. - This Act shall
henceforth be known as the "Human Security Act
of 2007."
SEC. 3. Terrorism.- Any person who commits an
act punishable under any of the following
provisions of the Revised Penal Code:
a. Article 122 (Piracy in General and Mutiny in the
High Seas or in the Philippine Waters);
b. Article 134 (Rebellion or Insurrection);
c. Article 134-a (Coup d' Etat), including acts
committed by private persons;
d. Article 248 (Murder);
e. Article 267 (Kidnapping and Serious Illegal
Detention);
f. Article 324 (Crimes Involving Destruction), or
under
1. Presidential Decree No. 1613 (The Law on
Arson);
2. Republic Act No. 6969 (Toxic Substances
and Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Control
Act of 1990);
3. Republic Act No. 5207, (Atomic Energy
Regulatory and Liability Act of 1968);
4. Republic Act No. 6235 (Anti-Hijacking
Law);
5. Presidential Decree No. 532 (Anti-Piracy
and Anti-Highway Robbery Law of 1974);
and,
6. Presidential Decree No. 1866, as
amended (Decree Codifying the Laws on
Illegal and Unlawful Possession,
Manufacture, Dealing in, Acquisition or
Disposition of Firearms, Ammunitions or
Explosives)
thereby sowing and creating a condition of
widespread and extraordinary fear and panic
among the populace, in order to coerce the
government to give in to an unlawful demand shall
be guilty of the crime of terrorism and shall suffer
the penalty of forty (40) years of imprisonment,
without the benefit of parole as provided for under
Act No. 4103, otherwise known as the
Indeterminate Sentence Law, as amended.