Chhatrapati Shivaji

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Chhatrapati Shivaji: Shivaji was born on 19th

February 1630, in the hill-fort of Shivneri, near the
city of Junnar in what is now Pune district and
Maharashtra. His real name was Shivaji Bhonsle and
is also known as Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. Shivaji
was a 17th-century warrior of India. he lived for his
people and fought against injustice. Chhatrapati
Shivaji Maharaj was the founder of the Maratha
Empire in western India. "Maratha" means a group of
people living in the area of Maharashtra. In
Maharashtra, peoples had different castes as Bajirao
Peshwa from Brahmin, Malhar Rao Holkar from
Dhangar and Shivaji Maharaj from Kshatriya.
Whereas Rajput caste. The kingdom's security was
based on religious toleration and on the functional
integration of the Brahmans, Marathas, and Prabhus.
Shivaji Maharaj established "Swarajya". Swarajya means Self-government.

Chhatrapati Shivaji Family:

Chhatrapati Shivaji's mother name Jijabai and his father's name was Shaji
Bhonsle. His mother Jijabai was a very brave and clever lady. Shivaji got the best qualities
of his character from Jijabai. His father Shaji Bhonsle was a Jagirdar. He was in the service
of Bijapur. Shivaji was married to Saibai Nimbalkar in 1640. His grandmother and
grandfather's name was Maloji Bhonsle, Uma Bai.
Shivaji Maharaj had four wives their names as
1st wife : Saibai Nimbalkar
2nd wife : Soyarabai Mohite
3rd Wife : Putalabai Palkar
4th wife : Sakvarbai Gaikwad
Shivaji had eight childrens two sons and six daughters there names as
1st son: Sambhaji
2nd son: Rajaram I
1st daughter: Ambikabai Mahadik
2nd daughter: Rajkunvarbai Shirke
3rd daughter: DeepaBai
4th daughter: Sakhubai Nimbalkar
5th daughter: Ranubai Jadhav
6th daughter: Kamlabai Palkar

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Shivaji Maharaj Childhood:
Chhatrapati Shivaji Life Story gives a good message to all of you. The year is 1627 AD
and almost all of Bharat is under Islamic occupation. In the North, there are the Mughals
under Shah Jahan. In Bijapur, there is Sultan Mohammed Adil Shah. In Golkonda, Sultan
Abdulla Qutub Shah. the Deccan Sultans always preferred to have Muslim officers in the
army. But the Portuguese controlled ports and Mughals controlled the land routes. It
was not possible to get Muslim officers from North Africa or Central Asia. So the Sultans
of Deccan was forced to appoint Hindu officers one such Adil Shahi military commander
was a Maratha named Shahaji Bhosale. Shivaji born 19th February 1630 to Jijabai and
Shahaji Bhosale. Shivaji was devoted to his mother. Shivaji was fully interested in
religious teachings. He was an intelligent and active person. It is said that mother Jijabai
had prayed to goddess Shivai on Shivneri fort for a brave son and hence she kept the
name of her son as Shivaji would grow up to be Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj.

Shivaji Maharaj Education:

Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Life History in his first teacher was his mother Jijabai.
Jijabai taught him Hindu religious scriptures, "Ramayana" and "Mahabharata". Dadoji
Kondev taught him warfare and administration. When Dadoji Kondev died in 1647 AD, he
thought that Shivaji will be a good Adilshahi general like his father but destiny had other
plans. Shivaji in his total life he had four Guru's there names as
1st Guru: His mother Jijabai
2nd Guru: Dadoji Kondev
3rd Guru: Tukaram
4th Guru: Samardha Ramadas

Shivaji First War:

At the age of 15, he gathered trusted soldiers which were called "Mavlas" and
pledged to establish the Swarajya self-governance. These Mavlas became his
companions in the journey to form the Swarajya and they were highly inspired and
dedicated to Shivaji Maharaj. Shivaji had a good idea about the importance of forts in
empire building, In 1645 Maharaja conquered Torna Fort which becomes the first fort of
Swarajya and renamed it as Prachandgad. Slowly he built the huge army and one by one
he had 40 Forts under his dominion.

Adil Shaha Arrested Shivaji's Father:

Adil Shaha started getting restless and felt threatened. He ordered to captured and
imprison Shivaji's father Shahaji. Shahaji was released on the condition, that Shivaji will
stop his campaign of conquering regions governed by Adil Shaha. After the death of
Shahaji, Shivaji Maharaj started his conquest again and occupied the valley of Javali from
Chandrarap who was a Jahagiridar of Bijapur.

Afzal Khan Planned To Kill Shivaji:

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 Adil Shaha sent Afzal Khan, one of his powerful generals to conquer Shivaji. Afzal
Khan planned to kill Shivaji by planning a trap by inviting Shivaji Maharaj for a meeting
on Pratapgad. But little did he know that Sivaji Maharaj was one step ahead of him.
Shivaji sensed Afzal Khan's motive and they planned a hidden counter-attack. When they
met, Afzal Khan tried to kill Shivaji but it backfired on him. Shivaji was a quick-witted king.
He was wearing a metal armor under his clothes and as soon as Afzal Khan attacked him,
he stabbed his tiger craved weapon in his guts and killed him. Later the Mavlas who
were hiding in the jungle attacked Ajal Khan's soldiers and killed them. Nearly 3000
soldiers were killed by the Mavlas. This battle technique was the major weapon of Shivaji
Maharaj and it was called Guerrilla warfare(Ganimi kava).

Battle Between Adil Shaha And Shivaji:

Adil Shaha sent a larger army under the leadership of general Rustam
Zaman who faced Shivaji in the Battle of Kolhapur. Shivaji Maharaj won this battle too
and Rustam Zaman ran for his life. Soon Shivaji enters the Mughals emperor Aurangazeb
and then the real battles started with the Mughal empire. his clever escape from the
Aurangazeb's arrest in Agra and so many others.

Shivaji Maharaj Administrative:

Shivaji Maharaja's administrative policies were very friendly and humane. He
introduced the collection of two taxes called the Chauth and Sardeshmukhi. He
encouraged women's liberty and respected them almost. He had also strictly warned his
soldiers not to cause harm or disrespect to women. Although he was a true supporter of
Hinduism, Marathi and Sanskrit languages he respected other religions too. he never
blames other religions, he employed soldiers from all religions and castes and also gave
them respected designations.

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Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Died:
This Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Biography inspires everyone. In March 1680,
Maharaj fell ill with fever and dysentery died at the age of 52. Thus a great Maratha
warrior died leaving behind the Maratha Dynasty. After Shivaji Maharaj's death, the
Maratha kingdom was ruled under the safe hands of Sambhaji Maharaja son of Shivaji
Maharaja. The government of Maharashtra lists 19th February as a holiday Shivaji's
birth(Shivaji Jayanti). Mumbai Railway station renamed Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj
Terminus.

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