e ° e FILM MUSIC A NEGLECTED ART A Critical Study of Music in Films SECOND EDITION Roy M. Prendergast wt SoIRNy WW NORTON & COMPANY New Yor Londonf 5 Fe 2 weeseeoee peeoe Foe my sons David and MarinPOOOHOHOHHOOOSOHHOCOHOHOOHOROOHGD 4 St ym ke pt ies, Cates Copy © 1980 ty Raia Msc. All igh oo beh of Rie han cme an tnt elit Wabi Mane Cupension Une pte. 88 48 a a tame mn or fr Ci ye et Ea "EEE omg amcatrng pnt oe SEE epee alberto oe Contents refce Forewor 1 she Fist Eton, y Willan Ket Freon othe Second Eton by Willa Ket Pan msTORY ‘Misi te Early Sova Film Fm Mate Comes of Age: 195-1950 Fre 180 the esa Mave inthe Caron apd Exper Anite Fm Pu I: AESTHETICS ‘The Actes of Fim Masie Fi Mise and Form Put I: TECHNIQUE, Syctonning Msi to Pere Mosc lr Televison: A Bie Overview 8 aS i a3 wo‘Pan 1V: CONTEMPORARY TECHNIQUES AND TOOLS Video Post Prouction Tenis Digi Audio ‘The Mase Syitesier ‘lograpy| Indes a an. a | | | Preface ‘Theft ei of hisbook waste fat tempt ata compehcasive ok st he sony aes, and techies of fn msi Seldon te anal Imsihisory ha anew frm af muse expesron gone seated, While the we of music accompany fm a eaiely new pono, epi ting in he ast cca othe rnc cet, lily rc peat {nce shoal ot ave placebos of mle a pecepuve wagon {At he time othe fist eon 0 Film Mase tee was no sch bly of preci musa ie variate; fadesn and fade-out oe musial incrense and deseue;onesra onepiztre for syacopation; prisms for conde, composite shot and: double exposures for various sors of rmonies and dieords “the poup was eve ble express complicated musical ocurences as ‘nll snstumenal erations by pure Nac camera means "Refras, Tor iasance, might be exprsed by the fequen eptiuon of eran Series of shots, or eersocoring themes might be represented by tbe Undetnng of eran images lesvumenl Woks like mutes might be ‘ay inerpcted by pias, ir distortions and storing lenses” “he conisons drawn by ths group were alarming and would ndoubecly draw a suined argument Grom mos fm composers. Bommemansuimies tat “One othe most important elo hs series hexperinents he surping dicovery tht the masa accompa then of in sot so stimulating a we ae inclined to Delve Tn vethshing the valves of mu to fim athe silent ays apd muse fm inthe ealy das of sound, composers, producer. and dietors Desde to consider the inerent sexe dierencs between sent and Sand pienres While ths consideration of diferences neces covers tilaspetof he so in, we sal ea on wi hose vein must 'Abtin ve tum 1 Londo for some itresing season Ts Subject. ‘Lendom pints out that in the sound fm here ae never more han feltvly short legis of fm running "sent and Raving no other SOURS than muse, wberee the whole of 2 lea flim must ineialy be sated London ges on sos that the msc ina s0eN8 yas ‘anet of funchons,ncladingtheconnecng a atop sechons without Thcnon it onder i "eabiah aociaons of ideas and arty om ‘evelopmsns of hough, and over and above all hs, hak oitesty the ntdeace of climax and pepe fo arth dramatic acon ‘While tes somment onthe uncon of musi athe earl sound fn and mvsi¢stlatonsip to the et lm are true t some extent. the fender suid bear it ind tha there have been development the "esthes ffm mas nce thesime of Londons obseatons in 1935,POHOHHOHOHSEHOHOHOHOOOCOHOOROOOODOOD A uw swe Je can detec in the previous remus by London an implied anc othe concept of Sbakgrouna music Indeed er ont his TOA Tenuon becomes very eres! ofthe notion. Before examining Ni TRowghs on ths bowever: iis worth pong out ha thse are in nek London wat only partly comet I hi etic. Mest of his Sheraton mae inh ony se oe oy cue they a sl today. London’ of he mau of ackgonnd mos 12 ifaace, however Since the tine f his book some ofthe most ‘Me Sad master momen ever to have come OW Of lm mai ave ‘ten that same ekground monic he so feared, Ttndons primary objection obckground musi fms was boseé on ine nation, prevent among smears at hat tie, ha sic oa a trot emanate fom some museal sure on the secn-the “Soue™ Its dscuaed Th athe s efesedt London complain that ground mun I sed “wher here could be no posite json Torit enc nthe form ofan eebesa paying behind the acon of he Im oro rad nsment appearing inthe ptr.” London sss ‘togly wet at as we watcha we dont gut iow wheter to {iter tothe melody or the commentator" This is cern an artsy ‘hive noon and leas one to wonder London, when lieing to vos Soncer had wovble deciding whether to ate the woes othe mos ‘uch tore convincing hs osesaon that it mie" employed to ‘Mi ater which he lel anno inde then degrades the Biman te ot ever ti anion han i aul fr i gveraly refed tat go Am suse nlangbekgroond mie tes ewer ‘Sinthing the ni ncapae of telig. The wit) af London's point Senn ihe env ot tprodiet or sitecor hoping 1 improve 2 Tundamently weak sene dough te sdono muse This panclet proce has note ceased Inthe Hm ius, and every compose 6 Forced vo des nih i Tondo lcs his argument api backround muse with aa © an cou fo ns “tras ab “Buhne? mob ode forking che. but 3 fetrn tothe pmive. Alm” From hs 193 pspetine. of ous, Landon couldnt fre the semstne and asic (oot mun bohind dilogte ens here was. ufovtonte se els reste bythe sh 0 sound in tums which cane a economic Sister for musicians Working in move ous: Wih the sound and mune permanently axe othe Hm, thee ‘nas simgly 0 need for msicns to be employed inthe individual ihenesehibing fm. Ass rou thosunds of musicians were thrown ‘ut of wrt Te sdn cone shock oso many maison ing (oda and is manifetelin he antagonism of misc oward ny form of recorded mus. Th antagonism and er quickly fond 8 sry ont the Hollywood reo stage at Sen in 4 1937 New Yok Timer reore “The museians union sys tht half of eB and nary ato thule sre made wihot bent oan orcs. Track taken from th Weary and added tthe pcre. In some stances they 34. tao lw ot orcesras to or popular and standard muse ae {Roy ae cmp ther sangnncts OFA fs, an thes ering Ie leg way opt the doy when they wil be need ‘athe elton of he ne lor mesial re: he Rn on developed ter own ruse depamente During mest fh eal period ‘ot sound noone person composed an ene sore fora picture stead, the scone of acre mas 2 grup eff on the pat of sxe Itividens in is ply soeciet frewod to Ciifrd MeCary’s Dok, Fim Conposer ix America. ete Laweace Moron points ut tht ese Scots he art 950 "were teste nt By td compeney bys muse working under he supevbion of muse dreto. They