TENSE POSITIVE TRANSLATION NEGATIVE QUESTION

Present S + V + (s ) Yo como S + Aux V (do / does) + not Question word + Aux V

simple I eat. +V (do/does) + S + V?
Ella come tostadas
She eats toast. I don’t eat toast. Do you eat breakfast every
She doesn’t eat fish. day?
When does she eat lunch?
Present S + (am/is/are) Yo soy S + (am/is/are) + not Question word +
simple with I am hungry. I’m not hungry. (am/is/are) + S?
Ella está en un café
‘be’ She is in a cafe. She isn’t happy. Is he at home?
Why are you hungry?
Present S + (am/is/are) + V + S + (am/is/are) + not + V Question word + (am /
continuous ing + ing is / are) + S + V +ing?
Ella está comiendo
She’s eating toast. tostadas He isn’t eating. When are they eating?
They are eating lunch now. Ellos están We are not eating at home. Is he eating now?
almorzando ahora

Present S + (have / has) + PP S + (have / has) + not + Question word + (have

perfect I’ve eaten breakfast. PP / has) + S + PP?
Ellos han
He has eaten lunch. desayunado We haven’t eaten yet. What have you eaten today?
Él ha almorzado She hasn’t eaten the chocolate. Has she eaten lunch?
Present S + (have / has) + been S + (have / has) + not + Question word + (have
perfect + V + ing been + V + ing / has) + S + been + V +
Yo he estado
continuous I’ve been eating. comiendo They haven’t been eating. ing?
She’s been eating biscuits all Ella ha estado He has not been eating toast. What has she been eating?
day. comiendo galletas Have they been eating
todo el día.
breakfast?
 TENSE POSITIVE TRANSLATION NEGATIVE QUESTION
Past simple S + past V Yo comí una S + did + not + V Question word + did + S
manzana
I ate an apple.
She ate some rice.
She didn’t eat anything.
They did not eat breakfast.
+ V?
Did you eat the chocolate?
Ella comió algo
What did they eat for lunch?
de arroz
Past simple subject + was /were Yo tenía S + was / were + not We Question word + was /
with ‘be’ hambre
I was hungry.
They were in a restaurant.
weren’t hungry.
She wasn’t at home.
were + S?
Why was she hungry?
Ellos estaban
Were you hungry?
en un
restaurante
Past S + was / were + V + Yo estaba comiendo S + was / were + not + V Question word + was /
continuous ing + ing were + S + V + ing?
Ellos estaban
I was eating. You weren’t eating. Where were you eating?
almorzando
They were eating lunch. She wasn’t eating a sandwich. Was she eating an apple?
Past perfect S + had + PP Yo había comido S + had + not + PP Question word + had +
I had eaten.
She’d eaten lunch. Ella había almorzado
We hadn’t eaten.
He had not eaten an apple.
subject + past participle
Why had you eaten?
Had they eaten fish before?
Past perfect S + had + been + V + Yo había estado S + had + not + been + V Question word + had +
continuous comiendo chocolates
ing + ing S + been + V + ing?
I had been eating chocolate all day. I hadn’t been eating. Why had he been eating?
Ella había estado
She’d been eating breakfast. She hadn’t been eating an apple. Had they been eating enough fruit?
desayunando
TENSE POSITIVE TRANSLATION NEGATIVE QUESTION
Future S + will + S Yo comeré S + will + not + V Question word + will +
simple tarde
I will eat later.
She will eat at home.
We won’t eat anything tonight.
He will not eat fish.
S + V?
What will you eat for lunch?
Ella comerá en
Will she eat meat?
casa
Future S + will + be + V + Yo estaré comiendo subject + will + not + be + Question word + will +
continuous a las 8 pm
ing V + ing S + be + V + ing?
I will be eating at 8pm. They won’t be eating. What will you be eating?
Ella estará comiendo
She will be eating a sandwich. He will not be eating anything. Will they be eating at 6pm?
un sándwich
Future S + will + have + Past S + will + not + have + PP Question word +) will +
perfect Participle He won’t have eaten lunch yet. They will not S + have + PP?
Yo habré almorzado have eaten their sandwiches.
I will have eaten lunch by 3 o’clock. When will you have eaten?
She’ll have eaten all the chocolate. Will she have eaten dinner by nine?
Ella habrá comido
todo el chocolate
Future S + will + have + been Ellos habrán estado S + will + not + have + Question word + will +
perfect comiendo fruta
+ V + ing been + V + ing S + have + been + V +
continuous They will have been eating fruit.
Nosotros habremos I won’t have been eating fish. They will not ing?
We’ll have been eating all day. have been eating lunch.
estado comiendo What will she have been eating?
todo el día Will you have been eating chocolate?