IDENTIFICATION OF GROUND WATER POTENTIAL ZONES

USING REMOTE SENSING & GIS

Abstract:
Most of the freshwater is stored as ice in glaciers and polar ice sheets. Almost 30% of
total freshwater is stored in aquifers as groundwater and less than 1% is available at lakes and
rivers Groundwater is the largest available source of fresh water lying beneath the ground. Now a
days ground water is decreasing and therefore there is an increase in demand of water. Ground
water is one of the major source that contributes to the total annual supply. The objective of this
paper is to review techniques and methodologies applied for identifying groundwater potential
zones using GIS and remote sensing. In order to evaluate the ground water potential zones in
Noothankal, Suryapet District, different thematic maps such as geology, slope, soil, drainage
density map, Land use and Land cover and surface water bodies at a 1: 50000 scale were
prepared, using remotely-sensed data as well as topographical sheets and secondary data,
collected from concern department. The Digital Elevation Model (DEM) has been generated
from the 20 m contour interval contour lines derived from SOI topo sheets. The Slope map has
been prepared from DEM. These maps have been overlaid in terms of weighed overlay method
using Spatial Analysis tool in Arc GIS 10.6. During weighed overlay analysis, the ranking has
been given for each individual parameter of each thematic map. The prepared thematic layers are
further used for mapping and identification of groundwater potential zone and analysis. A
probability weighted approach has been applied during overlay analysis of thematic maps in
ARC GIS. This produces ground potential map considering linear combination of weights of
each thematic map. This map shows good, moderate, poor and very poor ground potential zones.
This groundwater potential information will be useful for effective identification of Ground
water condition.

Index Terms: GIS, Ground water Data of 10years, RS DEM Data, Thematic Layers.